question stringlengths 29 100 | answers list | ctxs list | nq_annotated_gold dict |
|---|---|---|---|
who's flag is red white and green | [
"Hungary"
] | [
{
"title": "Flag of Friesland",
"text": "the provincial government in 1927. Flag of Friesland The Flag of the province of Friesland or Frisian flag (West Frisian: \"Fryske Flagge\"; ), is the official flag of the Dutch province of Friesland. It consists of four blue and three white diagonal stripes; in the ... | {
"title": "Flag of Hungary",
"long_answer": "The flag of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország zászlaja) is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green. In this exact form, it has been the official flag of Hungary since May 23, 1957. The flag's form originates from national republican movements of the 18th and 19th centuries, while its colours are from the Middle Ages. The current Hungarian tricolour flag is the same as the republican movement flag of the United Kingdom (used since 1816).",
"chunked_long_answer": "The flag of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország zászlaja) is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green. In this exact form, it has been the official flag of Hungary since May 23, 1957. The flag's form originates from national republican movements of the 18th and 19th centuries, while its colours are from the Middle Ages. The current Hungarian tricolour flag is the same as the republican movement flag of the United Kingdom (used since 1816).",
"short_answers": [
"Hungary"
]
} |
who wrote if she knew what she wants | [
"Jules Shear"
] | [
{
"title": "The Heart Wants What It Wants",
"text": "written by Selena Gomez, Antonina Armato, David Jost and Tim James. It is a midtempo pop and R&B song, that contains a minimal electropop beat complete with finger snaps, ominous synths and haunting groans. Several critics noted the reminiscence of the so... | {
"title": "If She Knew What She Wants",
"long_answer": "\"If She Knew What She Wants\" is a song by Jules Shear released on his 1985 album The Eternal Return. The song was recorded a year later by The Bangles for their 1986 album, Different Light.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"If She Knew What She Wants\" is a song by Jules Shear released on his 1985 album The Eternal Return. The song was recorded a year later by The Bangles for their 1986 album, Different Light.",
"short_answers": [
"Jules Shear"
]
} |
where does the last name tavarez come from | [
"Spanish"
] | [
{
"title": "Tavares, Florida",
"text": "Tavares, Florida Tavares (pronounced tuh-vair-ees) is a city in the central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat of Lake County. The population in 2015 was 14,583, with a total of 5,000 households and an average household income of $40,000. It i... | {
"title": "Tavarez",
"long_answer": "Tavarez is a Spanish surname, the Portuguese version of this surname is Tavares. It may refer to:",
"chunked_long_answer": "Tavarez is a Spanish surname, the Portuguese version of this surname is Tavares. It may refer to:",
"short_answers": [
"Spanish"
]
} |
who wrote from now on from the greatest showman | [
"Joseph Trapanese",
"John Debney",
"Benj Pasek and Justin Paul"
] | [
{
"title": "The Greatest Showman",
"text": "The Greatest Showman The Greatest Showman is a 2017 American musical film directed by Michael Gracey in his directorial debut, written by Jenny Bicks and Bill Condon and starring Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Michelle Williams, Rebecca Ferguson, and Zendaya. The film i... | {
"title": "The Greatest Showman",
"long_answer": "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote nine songs.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote nine songs.",
"short_answers": [
"Benj Pasek and Justin Paul"
]
} |
who sang nice day for a white wedding | [
"Billy Idol"
] | [
{
"title": "White Wedding (song)",
"text": "the climax of a bigamous storyline involving the character Peter Barlow. Barlow, portrayed by Chris Gascoyne, was seated at a table, reflectively spinning his two wedding rings around. On \"The Colbert Report\", a couple who had been prevented from wedding at the ... | {
"title": "White Wedding (song)",
"long_answer": "\"White Wedding\" is a song by Billy Idol that appeared on his album Billy Idol in 1982. It is often considered one of his most recognisable songs, although other Idol songs charted higher. It peaked at No. 108 on the Billboard Bubbling Under the Hot 100 on its original release, and reached No. 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 when it was re-issued in 1983. In the UK it reached No. 6 in the UK Singles Chart upon its re-release there in 1985 and 1988, when it was re-issued to promote the Vital Idol remix album.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"White Wedding\" is a song by Billy Idol that appeared on his album Billy Idol in 1982. It is often considered one of his most recognisable songs, although other Idol songs charted higher. It peaked at No. 108 on the Billboard Bubbling Under the Hot 100 on its original release, and reached No. 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 when it was re-issued in 1983. In the UK it reached No. 6 in the UK Singles Chart upon its re-release there in 1985 and 1988, when it was re-issued to promote the Vital Idol remix album.",
"short_answers": [
"Billy Idol"
]
} |
who is the authority or governing body of mca | [
"Indian government"
] | [
{
"title": "Maritime and Coastguard Agency",
"text": "Maritime and Coastguard Agency The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) is an executive agency of the United Kingdom working to prevent the loss of lives at sea and is responsible for implementing British and international maritime law and safety policy.... | {
"title": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs",
"long_answer": "The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) is an Indian government ministry.This Ministry is primarily concerned with administration of the Companies Act 2013, the Companies Act 1956, the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 & other allied Acts and rules & regulations framed there-under mainly for regulating the functioning of the corporate sector in accordance with law. It is responsible mainly for regulation of Indian enterprises in Industrial and Services sector. The current minister of corporate affairs is Arun Jaitley. The current Minister of State for Corporate Affairs is Mr. PP Choudhary.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) is an Indian government ministry. This Ministry is primarily concerned with administration of the Companies Act 2013, the Companies Act 1956, the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 & other allied Acts and rules & regulations framed there-under mainly for regulating the functioning of the corporate sector in accordance with law. It is responsible mainly for regulation of Indian enterprises in Industrial and Services sector. The current minister of corporate affairs is Arun Jaitley. The current Minister of State for Corporate Affairs is Mr. PP Choudhary.",
"short_answers": [
"Indian government"
]
} |
where does sound travel fastest solid liquid or gas | [
"solids"
] | [
{
"title": "Speed of sound",
"text": "fluid dynamics, the speed of sound in a fluid medium (gas or liquid) is used as a relative measure for the speed of an object moving through the medium. The ratio of the speed of an object to the speed of sound in the fluid is called the object's Mach number. Objects mo... | {
"title": "Speed of sound",
"long_answer": "In common everyday speech, speed of sound refers to the speed of sound waves in air. However, the speed of sound varies from substance to substance: sound travels most slowly in gases; it travels faster in liquids; and faster still in solids. For example, (as noted above), sound travels at 343 m/s in air; it travels at 1,484 m/s in water (4.3 times as fast as in air); and at 5,120 m/s in iron (about 15 times as fast as in air). In an exceptionally stiff material such as diamond, sound travels at 12,000 metres per second (26,843 mph); (about 35 times as fast as in air) which is around the maximum speed that sound will travel under normal conditions.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "In common everyday speech, speed of sound refers to the speed of sound waves in air. However, the speed of sound varies from substance to substance: sound travels most slowly in gases; it travels faster in liquids; and faster still in solids. For example, (as noted above), sound travels at 343 m/s in air; it travels at 1,484 m/s in water (4.3 times as fast as in air); and at 5,120 m/s in iron (about 15 times as fast as in air). In an exceptionally stiff material such as diamond, sound travels at 12,000 metres per second (26,843 mph); (about",
"short_answers": [
"solids"
]
} |
what is the top speed of thrust ssc | [
"1,228 km/h"
] | [
{
"title": "ThrustSSC",
"text": "ThrustSSC ThrustSSC, Thrust SSC or Thrust supersonic car is a British jet-propelled car developed by Richard Noble, Glynne Bowsher, Ron Ayers, Reece Liebenberg, Joshua Hambury and Jeremy Bliss. Thrust SSC holds the world land speed record, set on 15 October 1997, when it ach... | {
"title": "ThrustSSC",
"long_answer": "Thrust SSC holds the world land speed record, set on 15 October 1997, when it achieved a speed of 1,228 km/h (763 mph) and became the first land vehicle to officially break the sound barrier.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Thrust SSC holds the world land speed record, set on 15 October 1997, when it achieved a speed of 1,228 km/h (763 mph) and became the first land vehicle to officially break the sound barrier.",
"short_answers": [
"1,228 km/h"
]
} |
who was president when the panama canal was built | [
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"President Theodore Roosevelt"
] | [
{
"title": "Omar Torrijos",
"text": "Panama Canal. The two treaties guaranteed that Panama would gain control of the Panama Canal after 1999, ending the control of the canal that the U.S. had exercised since 1903. On December 31, 1999, the final phase of the treaty, the US relinquished control of the Panama... | {
"title": "Panama Canal",
"long_answer": "On January 22, 1903, the Hay–Herrán Treaty was signed by United States Secretary of State John M. Hay and Colombian Chargé Dr. Tomás Herrán. For $10 million and an annual payment it would have granted the United States a renewable lease in perpetuity from Colombia on the land proposed for the canal. The treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate on March 14, 1903, but the Senate of Colombia did not ratify it. Bunau-Varilla told President Theodore Roosevelt and Hay of a possible revolt by Panamanian rebels who aimed to separate from Colombia, and hoped that the United States would support the rebels with U.S. troops and money. Roosevelt changed tactics, based in part on the Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty of 1846, and actively supported the separation of Panama from Colombia and, shortly after recognizing Panama, signed a treaty with the new Panamanian government under similar terms to the Hay–Herrán Treaty.",
"chunked_long_answer": "renewable lease in perpetuity from Colombia on the land proposed for the canal. The treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate on March 14, 1903, but the Senate of Colombia did not ratify it. Bunau-Varilla told President Theodore Roosevelt and Hay of a possible revolt by Panamanian rebels who aimed to separate from Colombia, and hoped that the United States would support the rebels with U.S. troops and money. Roosevelt changed tactics, based in part on the Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty of 1846, and actively supported the separation of Panama from Colombia and, shortly after recognizing Panama, signed a treaty with the",
"short_answers": [
"Theodore Roosevelt"
]
} |
who is super bowl 2018 half time show | [
"Justin Timberlake"
] | [
{
"title": "Football Night in America",
"text": "analysts. Liam McHugh, who had previously hosted the NBC-produced \"Thursday Night Football\" pregame show during parts of the 2017 NFL season, filled in for Tirico at the game site while the latter was in PyeongChang, South Korea preparing for the network's ... | {
"title": "Super Bowl LII halftime show",
"long_answer": "The Super Bowl LII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show) took place on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as part of Super Bowl LII. Justin Timberlake was the featured performer, as confirmed by the National Football League (NFL) on October 22, 2017. It was televised nationally by NBC.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Super Bowl LII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show) took place on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as part of Super Bowl LII. Justin Timberlake was the featured performer, as confirmed by the National Football League (NFL) on October 22, 2017. It was televised nationally by NBC.",
"short_answers": [
"Justin Timberlake"
]
} |
where does prime rib come from on a cow | [
"the primal rib"
] | [
{
"title": "Whittingham, Lancashire",
"text": "on the lane by Adam Hoghton in 1616, and contains embedded in its wall a large rib. According to legend, the rib came from a giant \"dun cow\" which roamed the area at the time of the Plague, and whose milk saved the local inhabitants, and was buried at nearby ... | {
"title": "Standing rib roast",
"long_answer": "A standing rib roast, also known as prime rib, is a cut of beef from the primal rib, one of the nine primal cuts of beef. While the entire rib section comprises ribs six through 12, a standing rib roast may contain anywhere from two to seven ribs.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A standing rib roast, also known as prime rib, is a cut of beef from the primal rib, one of the nine primal cuts of beef. While the entire rib section comprises ribs six through 12, a standing rib roast may contain anywhere from two to seven ribs.",
"short_answers": [
"the primal rib"
]
} |
who enforces the charter of rights and freedoms | [
"Supreme Court of Canada",
"the courts",
"courts",
"The courts"
] | [
{
"title": "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms",
"text": "rights. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (), in Canada often simply the Charter, is a bill of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada. It forms the first part of the \"Constitution Act, ... | {
"title": "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms",
"long_answer": "The task of interpreting and enforcing the Charter falls to the courts, with the Supreme Court of Canada being the ultimate authority on the matter.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The task of interpreting and enforcing the Charter falls to the courts, with the Supreme Court of Canada being the ultimate authority on the matter.",
"short_answers": [
"Supreme Court of Canada",
"the courts"
]
} |
who plays joker in batman the dark knight | [
"Ledger"
] | [
{
"title": "Kevin Michael Richardson",
"text": "Kevin Michael Richardson Kevin Michael Richardson (born October 25, 1964) is an American actor and voice actor, who has played a multitude of characters in animated series and video games. He is known for his distinctively deep voice and has been playing mostl... | {
"title": "Heath Ledger",
"long_answer": "Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs. A few months before his death, Ledger had finished filming his performance as The Joker in The Dark Knight. His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of filming his last role as Tony in The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus. His untimely death cast a shadow over the subsequent promotion of the $185 million Batman production. Ledger received numerous posthumous accolades for his critically acclaimed performance in the film, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, a Best Actor International Award at the 2008 Australian Film Institute Awards (for which he became the first actor to win an award posthumously), the 2008 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor, the 2009 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture, and the 2009 BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs. A few months before his death, Ledger had finished filming his performance as The Joker in The Dark Knight. His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of filming his last role as Tony in The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus. His untimely death cast a shadow over the subsequent promotion of the $185 million Batman production. Ledger received numerous posthumous accolades for his critically acclaimed performance in the film, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, a Best Actor International Award at the 2008 Australian Film Institute Awards (for which he became the first actor to win an award posthumously), the 2008 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor, the 2009 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture, and the 2009 BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor.",
"short_answers": [
"Ledger"
]
} |
who validated the civil rights movement by proclaiming we shall overcome | [
"President Lyndon Johnson",
"Guy Carawan",
"Lucille Simmons"
] | [
{
"title": "Benjamin Mays",
"text": "signed by a U.S. president. The petition was sent once more in 2012 to U.S. President Barack Obama, yet failed to be awarded. Benjamin Mays Benjamin Elijah Mays (August 1, 1894 – March 28, 1984) was an American Baptist minister and civil rights leader who is credited wit... | {
"title": "We Shall Overcome",
"long_answer": "The song became associated with the Civil Rights Movement from 1959, when Guy Carawan stepped in with his and Seeger's version as song leader at Highlander, which was then focused on nonviolent civil rights activism. It quickly became the movement's unofficial anthem. Seeger and other famous folksingers in the early 1960s, such as Joan Baez, sang the song at rallies, folk festivals, and concerts in the North and helped make it widely known. Since its rise to prominence, the song, and songs based on it, have been used in a variety of protests worldwide.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The song became associated with the Civil Rights Movement from 1959, when Guy Carawan stepped in with his and Seeger's version as song leader at Highlander, which was then focused on nonviolent civil rights activism. It quickly became the movement's unofficial anthem. Seeger and other famous folksingers in the early 1960s, such as Joan Baez, sang the song at rallies, folk festivals, and concerts in the North and helped make it widely known. Since its rise to prominence, the song, and songs based on it, have been used in a variety of protests worldwide.",
"short_answers": [
"Guy Carawan"
]
} |
who developed a set of postulates to prove that specific microorganisms cause disease | [
"Robert Koch",
"Friedrich Loeffler"
] | [
{
"title": "Microbiology",
"text": "spontaneous generation, thereby solidifying microbiology’s identity as a biological science. One of his students, Adrien Certes, is considered the founder of marine microbiology. Pasteur also designed methods for food preservation (pasteurization) and vaccines against sev... | {
"title": "Koch's postulates",
"long_answer": "Koch's postulates (/ˈkɔːx/) are four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease. The postulates were formulated by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier concepts described by Jakob Henle, and refined and published by Koch in 1890. Koch applied the postulates to describe the etiology of cholera and tuberculosis, but they have been controversially generalized to other diseases. These postulates were generated prior to understanding of modern concepts in microbial pathogenesis that cannot be examined using Koch's postulates, including viruses (which are obligate cellular parasites) or asymptomatic carriers. They have largely been supplanted by other criteria such as the Bradford Hill criteria for infectious disease causality in modern public health.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Koch's postulates (/ˈkɔːx/) are four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease. The postulates were formulated by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier concepts described by Jakob Henle, and refined and published by Koch in 1890. Koch applied the postulates to describe the etiology of cholera and tuberculosis, but they have been controversially generalized to other diseases. These postulates were generated prior to understanding of modern concepts in microbial pathogenesis that cannot be examined using Koch's postulates, including viruses (which are obligate cellular parasites) or asymptomatic carriers. They have largely",
"short_answers": [
"Friedrich Loeffler",
"Robert Koch"
]
} |
what is the common name for gravitational force | [
"Gravity",
"Gravity, or gravitation"
] | [
{
"title": "G-force",
"text": "G-force The gravitational force, or more commonly, g-force, is a measurement of the type of acceleration that causes a perception of weight. Despite the name, it is incorrect to consider g-force a fundamental force, as \"g-force\" is a type of acceleration that can be measured... | {
"title": "Gravity",
"long_answer": "Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another, including objects ranging from atoms and photons, to planets and stars. Since energy and mass are equivalent, all forms of energy (including light) cause gravitation and are under the influence of it. On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity causes the ocean tides. The gravitational attraction of the original gaseous matter present in the Universe caused it to begin coalescing, forming stars – and for the stars to group together into galaxies – so gravity is responsible for many of the large scale structures in the Universe. Gravity has an infinite range, although its effects become increasingly weaker on farther objects.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another, including objects ranging from atoms and photons, to planets and stars. Since energy and mass are equivalent, all forms of energy (including light) cause gravitation and are under the influence of it. On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity causes the ocean tides. The gravitational attraction of the original gaseous matter present in the Universe caused it to begin coalescing, forming stars – and for the stars to group together into galaxies – so gravity is responsible for many of the large scale structures in the Universe. Gravity has an infinite range, although its effects become increasingly weaker on farther objects.",
"short_answers": [
"Gravity",
"Gravity, or gravitation"
]
} |
region of antarctica where march of the penguins filmed | [
"Dumont d'Urville in Adélie Land",
"Dumont d'Urville Station",
"Adélie Land"
] | [
{
"title": "March of the Penguins",
"text": "March of the Penguins March of the Penguins (French La Marche de l'empereur ; ) is a 2005 French feature-length nature documentary directed and co-written by Luc Jacquet, and co-produced by Bonne Pioche and the National Geographic Society. The documentary depicts... | {
"title": "March of the Penguins",
"long_answer": "It took one year for the two isolated cinematographers Laurent Chalet and Jérôme Maison to shoot the documentary, which was shot around the French scientific base of Dumont d'Urville in Adélie Land.",
"chunked_long_answer": "It took one year for the two isolated cinematographers Laurent Chalet and Jérôme Maison to shoot the documentary, which was shot around the French scientific base of Dumont d'Urville in Adélie Land.",
"short_answers": [
"Adélie Land",
"Dumont d'Urville in Adélie Land"
]
} |
first who wants to be a millionaire winner uk | [
"Judith Cynthia Aline Keppel"
] | [
{
"title": "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (South African game show)",
"text": "of making this show in Afrikaans but it was never realised. David Paterson was the only million rand winner, on 19 March 2000. He was the first winner outside of the United States. Official Website Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?... | {
"title": "Judith Keppel",
"long_answer": "Judith Cynthia Aline Keppel (born 18 August 1942) was the first one-million-pound winner on the television game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? in the United Kingdom. She is also the only woman in the United Kingdom to have won it and also the first person to win a million pounds or more on a British television game show. She has appeared on the BBC Two quiz show Eggheads since 2003.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Judith Cynthia Aline Keppel (born 18 August 1942) was the first one-million-pound winner on the television game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? in the United Kingdom. She is also the only woman in the United Kingdom to have won it and also the first person to win a million pounds or more on a British television game show. She has appeared on the BBC Two quiz show Eggheads since 2003.",
"short_answers": [
"Judith Cynthia Aline Keppel"
]
} |
who sang raindrops keep fallin on my head | [
"B. J. Thomas"
] | [
{
"title": "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head (Johnny Mathis album)",
"text": "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head (Johnny Mathis album) Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released on February 25, 1970, by Columbia Records and included several covers of... | {
"title": "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head",
"long_answer": "\"Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head\" is a song written by Hal David and Burt Bacharach for the 1969 film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. It won an Academy Award for Best Original Song. David and Bacharach also won Best Original Score. The song was recorded by B. J. Thomas in seven takes, after Bacharach expressed dissatisfaction with the first six. In the film version of the song, Thomas had been recovering from laryngitis, which made his voice sound hoarser than in the 7-inch release. The film version featured a separate vaudeville-style instrumental break in double time while Paul Newman performed bicycle stunts.",
"chunked_long_answer": "My Head\" is a song written by Hal David and Burt Bacharach for the 1969 film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. It won an Academy Award for Best Original Song. David and Bacharach also won Best Original Score. The song was recorded by B. J. Thomas in seven takes, after Bacharach expressed dissatisfaction with the first six. In the film version of the song, Thomas had been recovering from laryngitis, which made his voice sound hoarser than in the 7-inch release. The film version featured a separate vaudeville-style instrumental break in double time while Paul Newman performed bicycle stunts.",
"short_answers": [
"B. J. Thomas"
]
} |
how many wars held between india and pakistan | [
"four"
] | [
{
"title": "India–Pakistan relations",
"text": "wars between the two countries in 1947 and 1965, and a limited conflict in 1999. The state remains divided between the two countries by the Line of Control (LoC), which demarcates the ceasefire line agreed upon in the 1947 conflict modified in 1972 as per Siml... | {
"title": "Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts",
"long_answer": "Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of modern states of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, and many border skirmishes and military stand-offs.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of modern states of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, and many border skirmishes and military stand-offs.",
"short_answers": [
"four"
]
} |
who is credited with developing the geocentric view | [
"Ptolemy"
] | [
{
"title": "Geographer",
"text": "He also put forth the idea of an earth-centered universe, an idea widely believed until the 1500s when Copernicus began to suggest that the earth and other planets in the solar system actually revolve around the sun (called the \"heliocentric\" (Sun-centered) theory). Gerar... | {
"title": "Geocentric model",
"long_answer": "The astronomical predictions of Ptolemy's geocentric model were used to prepare astrological and astronomical charts for over 1500 years. The geocentric model held sway into the early modern age, but from the late 16th century onward, it was gradually superseded by the Heliocentric model of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. There was much resistance to the transition between these two theories. Christian theologians were reluctant to reject a theory that agreed with Bible passages (e.g. \"Sun, stand you still upon Gibeon\", Joshua 10:12). Others felt a new, unknown theory could not subvert an accepted consensus for geocentrism.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The astronomical predictions of Ptolemy's geocentric model were used to prepare astrological and astronomical charts for over 1500 years. The geocentric model held sway into the early modern age, but from the late 16th century onward, it was gradually superseded by the Heliocentric model of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. There was much resistance to the transition between these two theories. Christian theologians were reluctant to reject a theory that agreed with Bible passages (e.g. \"Sun, stand you still upon Gibeon\", Joshua 10:12). Others felt a new, unknown theory could not subvert an accepted consensus for geocentrism.",
"short_answers": [
"Ptolemy"
]
} |
in the dynastic cycle what is the right to rule called | [
"the Mandate of Heaven",
"Mandate of Heaven"
] | [
{
"title": "Order of succession",
"text": "strongest claim to assume the throne when the vacancy occurs. Often, the line of succession is restricted to persons of the blood royal (but see morganatic marriage), that is, to those legally recognized as born into or descended from the reigning dynasty or a prev... | {
"title": "Dynastic cycle",
"long_answer": "The Mandate of Heaven was the idea that the Emperor was favored by Heaven to rule over China. The Mandate of Heaven explanation was championed by the Chinese philosopher Mencius during the Warring States period.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Mandate of Heaven was the idea that the Emperor was favored by Heaven to rule over China. The Mandate of Heaven explanation was championed by the Chinese philosopher Mencius during the Warring States period.",
"short_answers": [
"Mandate of Heaven"
]
} |
who sings i don't want to be lonely | [
"Ronnie Dyson"
] | [
{
"title": "I Don't Wanna Be Lonely",
"text": "leading dance label in the late 1980s. I Don't Wanna Be Lonely \"I Don't Wanna Be Lonely\" is the eighteenth single by Dutch girl group Luv', released in early 1990 by the labels Dureco/High Fashion Music. It appears on the EP For You, featuring a formation dif... | {
"title": "Just Don't Want to Be Lonely",
"long_answer": "\"Just Don't Want to Be Lonely\" is a song written by Bobby Eli, John Freeman and Vinnie Barrett, originally recorded in 1973 by Ronnie Dyson and popularized internationally by The Main Ingredient. Dyson's version reached No. 60 in the US Pop chart, No. 30 Adult Contemporary, and No. 29 in the US R&B chart. Its flipside was \"Point of No Return,\" a song written by Tom Bell & Linda Creed.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Just Don't Want to Be Lonely\" is a song written by Bobby Eli, John Freeman and Vinnie Barrett, originally recorded in 1973 by Ronnie Dyson and popularized internationally by The Main Ingredient. Dyson's version reached No. 60 in the US Pop chart, No. 30 Adult Contemporary, and No. 29 in the US R&B chart. Its flipside was \"Point of No Return,\" a song written by Tom Bell & Linda Creed.",
"short_answers": [
"Ronnie Dyson"
]
} |
who sang the original song send in the clowns | [
"Glynis Johns",
"the actress Glynis Johns"
] | [
{
"title": "Send In the Clowns",
"text": "second DCI World Championship. Originally arranged by Gail Royer, the song is still played by the brass on special occasions. Send In the Clowns \"Send In the Clowns\" is a song written by Stephen Sondheim for the 1973 musical \"A Little Night Music\", an adaptation... | {
"title": "Send In the Clowns",
"long_answer": "Sondheim wrote the song specifically for the actress Glynis Johns, who created the role of Desirée on Broadway. The song is structured with four verses and a bridge, and uses a complex compound meter. It became Sondheim's most popular song after Frank Sinatra recorded it in 1973 and Judy Collins' version charted in 1975 and 1977. Subsequently, numerous other artists recorded the song, and it has become a jazz standard.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Sondheim wrote the song specifically for the actress Glynis Johns, who created the role of Desirée on Broadway. The song is structured with four verses and a bridge, and uses a complex compound meter. It became Sondheim's most popular song after Frank Sinatra recorded it in 1973 and Judy Collins' version charted in 1975 and 1977. Subsequently, numerous other artists recorded the song, and it has become a jazz standard.",
"short_answers": [
"Glynis Johns",
"the actress Glynis Johns"
]
} |
who was the movie citizen kane based on | [
"William Randolph Hearst"
] | [
{
"title": "Citizen Kane",
"text": "of two business tycoons familiar from his youth in Chicago—Samuel Insull and Harold Fowler McCormick. The character of Jedediah Leland was based on drama critic Ashton Stevens, George Stevens's uncle and Welles's close boyhood friend. Some detail came from Mankiewicz's ow... | {
"title": "Citizen Kane",
"long_answer": "The quasi-biographical film examines the life and legacy of Charles Foster Kane, played by Welles, a character based in part upon the American newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, Chicago tycoons Samuel Insull and Harold McCormick, and aspects of Welles's own life. Upon its release, Hearst prohibited mention of the film in any of his newspapers.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The quasi-biographical film examines the life and legacy of Charles Foster Kane, played by Welles, a character based in part upon the American newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, Chicago tycoons Samuel Insull and Harold McCormick, and aspects of Welles's own life. Upon its release, Hearst prohibited mention of the film in any of his newspapers.",
"short_answers": [
"William Randolph Hearst"
]
} |
who sang the theme song to step by step | [
"Jesse Frederick James Conaway",
"Jesse Frederick"
] | [
{
"title": "Step by Step (New Kids on the Block song)",
"text": "Funky Ones. Step by Step (New Kids on the Block song) \"Step by Step\" is the biggest-selling hit single from New Kids on the Block. The lead vocals were sung by Jordan Knight. Danny Wood sang \"Step 1\", Donnie Wahlberg sang \"Step 2\", Jorda... | {
"title": "Jesse Frederick",
"long_answer": "Jesse Frederick James Conaway (born 1948), known professionally as Jesse Frederick, is an American film and television composer and singer best known for writing and performing the themes to TGIF television shows such as Perfect Strangers, Full House, Family Matters, and Step By Step for ABC.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Jesse Frederick James Conaway (born 1948), known professionally as Jesse Frederick, is an American film and television composer and singer best known for writing and performing the themes to TGIF television shows such as Perfect Strangers, Full House, Family Matters, and Step By Step for ABC.",
"short_answers": [
"Jesse Frederick",
"Jesse Frederick James Conaway"
]
} |
when is beyblade burst super z coming out | [
"April 2, 2018"
] | [
{
"title": "Beyblade: Super Tournament Battle",
"text": "Beyblade: Super Tournament Battle Beyblade: Super Tournament Battle, also known as Beyblade VForce: Super Tournament Battle and Bakuten Shoot Beyblade 2002: Nettou! Magne-tag Battle! (爆転シュートベイブレード2002 熱闘！マグネタッグバトル！) in Japan is a role-playing video ga... | {
"title": "List of Beyblade Burst Super Z episodes",
"long_answer": "Beyblade Burst Super Z is the 2018 sequel to the anime television series Beyblade Burst. It was adapted by OLM and began airing in all TXN stations in Japan on April 2, 2018. The opening theme is \"Chouzetsu Muteki Blader!\" while the ending is \"BEY-POP\".",
"chunked_long_answer": "Beyblade Burst Super Z is the 2018 sequel to the anime television series Beyblade Burst. It was adapted by OLM and began airing in all TXN stations in Japan on April 2, 2018. The opening theme is \"Chouzetsu Muteki Blader!\" while the ending is \"BEY-POP\".",
"short_answers": [
"April 2, 2018"
]
} |
who played scotty baldwins father on general hospital | [
"Ross Elliott",
"Peter Hansen"
] | [
{
"title": "Scott Baldwin",
"text": "Scott Baldwin Scott Baldwin is a fictional character from the ABC soap opera \"General Hospital\" and its now-defunct spinoff \"Port Charles\". The character debuted played by child actors in the 1960s until Kin Shriner assumed the role in 1977. Scotty is often remembere... | {
"title": "Lee Baldwin",
"long_answer": "Ross Elliott originated the role on General Hospital in 1963. Peter Hansen inherited the role in 1965 and played it until 1986 and again from 1989 to 1990 before returning permanently from 1992 to 2004. Lee Baldwin is the adoptive father of Scott Baldwin.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Ross Elliott originated the role on General Hospital in 1963. Peter Hansen inherited the role in 1965 and played it until 1986 and again from 1989 to 1990 before returning permanently from 1992 to 2004. Lee Baldwin is the adoptive father of Scott Baldwin.",
"short_answers": [
"Peter Hansen",
"Ross Elliott"
]
} |
vine with heart shaped leaves and white flowers | [
"Antigonon leptopus"
] | [
{
"title": "Vitis arizonica",
"text": "heart shape and generally grow to an average of 4 inches long/wide. Leaves exhibit irregular toothed edge. Green flower buds develop in clusters, and small flowers bloom in a whitish green hue. Globe or ovate shaped fruit are typically 1/3-3/8 in diameter; immature fru... | {
"title": "Antigonon leptopus",
"long_answer": "Antigonon leptopus is a fast-growing climbing vine that holds via tendrils, and is able to reach 25 ft or more in length. It has cordate (heart shaped), sometimes triangular leaves 2½ to 7½ cm long the flowers are borne in panicles, clusted along the rachis producing pink or white flowers from spring to autumn, it forms underground tubers and large rootstocks, it is a prolific seed producer, the seeds float on water, the fruit and seeds are eaten and spread by a wide range of animals such as pigs, raccoons and birds. The tubers will resprout if it is cut back or damaged by frost.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Antigonon leptopus is a fast-growing climbing vine that holds via tendrils, and is able to reach 25 ft or more in length. It has cordate (heart shaped), sometimes triangular leaves 2½ to 7½ cm long the flowers are borne in panicles, clusted along the rachis producing pink or white flowers from spring to autumn, it forms underground tubers and large rootstocks, it is a prolific seed producer, the seeds float on water, the fruit and seeds are eaten and spread by a wide range of animals such as pigs, raccoons and birds. The tubers will resprout if it is cut",
"short_answers": [
"Antigonon leptopus"
]
} |
how many wing stops are there in the united states | [
"1,000",
"more than 1,000"
] | [
{
"title": "Wings Across America 2008",
"text": "help promote the sport/hobby of radio controlled flying. When Frank discussed this project with some of his friends, it was received with such enthusiasm that the project was born of this energy. All that was needed was to find hundreds of RC pilots across th... | {
"title": "Wingstop",
"long_answer": "Wingstop Restaurants, Inc. is a chain of nostalgic, aviation-themed restaurants where the sole focus is on chicken wings. Wingstop locations are decorated following a 1930s and 1940s \"pre-jet\" aviation theme. The restaurant chain was founded in 1994 in Garland, Texas, and began offering franchises in 1998. Since then, Wingstop has grown into a chain with more than 1,000 restaurants either open or in development. The chain is headquartered in Dallas, Texas.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Wingstop Restaurants, Inc. is a chain of nostalgic, aviation-themed restaurants where the sole focus is on chicken wings. Wingstop locations are decorated following a 1930s and 1940s \"pre-jet\" aviation theme. The restaurant chain was founded in 1994 in Garland, Texas, and began offering franchises in 1998. Since then, Wingstop has grown into a chain with more than 1,000 restaurants either open or in development. The chain is headquartered in Dallas, Texas.",
"short_answers": [
"more than 1,000"
]
} |
who sang theme song for license to kill | [
"Gladys Knight"
] | [
{
"title": "Licence to Kill (song)",
"text": "79 on Canada's \"RPM\" Top Singles chart. 7\" Single A - \"Licence to Kill\" - 4:11 B - \"Pam\" - 3:50 (performed by Michael Kamen & The National Philharmonic Orchestra) 12\" Single A - \"Licence to Kill\" (Extended Version) - 5:13 B1 - \"Pam\" - 3:50 (performed... | {
"title": "Licence to Kill (soundtrack)",
"long_answer": "The prospect, however, fell apart and Gladys Knight's song and performance was chosen, later becoming a Top 10 hit in the United Kingdom. The song was composed by Narada Michael Walden, Jeffrey Cohen and Walter Afanasieff, based on the \"horn line\" from Goldfinger, which required royalty payments to the original writers. At five-minutes twelve seconds it is the longest Bond theme. The music video of \"Licence to Kill\" was directed by Daniel Kleinman, who later took over the reins of title designer from Maurice Binder for the 1995 Bond film, GoldenEye.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The prospect, however, fell apart and Gladys Knight's song and performance was chosen, later becoming a Top 10 hit in the United Kingdom. The song was composed by Narada Michael Walden, Jeffrey Cohen and Walter Afanasieff, based on the \"horn line\" from Goldfinger, which required royalty payments to the original writers. At five-minutes twelve seconds it is the longest Bond theme. The music video of \"Licence to Kill\" was directed by Daniel Kleinman, who later took over the reins of title designer from Maurice Binder for the 1995 Bond film, GoldenEye.",
"short_answers": [
"Gladys Knight"
]
} |
what is the spelling of lakh in english | [
"lakh"
] | [
{
"title": "Lakhna",
"text": "male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 64%. In Lakhna, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. Lakhna Lakhna is a town and a nagar panchayat in Etawah district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Lakhna has an average elevation of . It is famous for a Kalka Devi ... | {
"title": "Lakh",
"long_answer": "In Indian English, the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun, and with either a marked (\"-s\") or unmarked plural, as in: \"1 lakh people\" or \"1 lakh of people\"; \"200 lakh rupees\"; \"5 lakh of rupees\"; \"rupees 10 lakhs\"; or \"5 lakhs of rupees\". In the abbreviated form, usage such as \"₹5L\" (for \"rupees 5 lakhs\") is common. In this system of numeration 100 lakh is called one crore and is equal to 10 million.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In Indian English, the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun, and with either a marked (\"-s\") or unmarked plural, as in: \"1 lakh people\" or \"1 lakh of people\"; \"200 lakh rupees\"; \"5 lakh of rupees\"; \"rupees 10 lakhs\"; or \"5 lakhs of rupees\". In the abbreviated form, usage such as \"₹5L\" (for \"rupees 5 lakhs\") is common. In this system of numeration 100 lakh is called one crore and is equal to 10 million.",
"short_answers": [
"lakh"
]
} |
who won last year's grand national 2017 | [
"One For Arthur"
] | [
{
"title": "2017 Grand National",
"text": "2017 Grand National The 2017 Grand National (officially known as the 2017 Randox Health Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 170th official running of the Grand National horse race at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England. The showpiece steeplechase... | {
"title": "2017 Grand National",
"long_answer": "The race was won by One For Arthur, only the second horse trained in Scotland to win the Grand National (the other being Rubstic in 1979). One For Arthur was ridden by Derek Fox and trained by Lucinda Russell, and was sent off at odds of 1014 14/1.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The race was won by One For Arthur, only the second horse trained in Scotland to win the Grand National (the other being Rubstic in 1979). One For Arthur was ridden by Derek Fox and trained by Lucinda Russell, and was sent off at odds of 1014 14/1.",
"short_answers": [
"One For Arthur"
]
} |
who is responsible for establishing local licensing forum | [
"unitary authorities",
"local authorities",
"district councils"
] | [
{
"title": "Rhode Island Division of Commercial Licensing and Regulation",
"text": "that proper fees have been remitted. The Section responsible for the regulation and licensing of Resident, Non-resident and Apprentice Auctioneers holding auctions within the State. The Section responsible for the regulation... | {
"title": "Licensing Act 2003",
"long_answer": "The Licensing Act 2003 (c 17) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act establishes a single integrated scheme for licensing premises in England and Wales (only) which are used for the sale or supply of alcohol, to provide regulated entertainment, or to provide late night refreshment. Permission to carry on some or all of these licensable activities is now contained in a single licence — the premises licence — replacing several different and complex schemes. Responsibility for issuing licences now rests with local authorities, specifically London boroughs, Metropolitan boroughs, unitary authorities, and district councils, who took over this power from the Justices of the Peace. These authorities are each required to establish a Licensing Committee, which acts in a quasi-judicial capacity under the Act. The powers of the Act came fully into force at midnight at the start of 24 November 2005.",
"chunked_long_answer": "provide late night refreshment. Permission to carry on some or all of these licensable activities is now contained in a single licence — the premises licence — replacing several different and complex schemes. Responsibility for issuing licences now rests with local authorities, specifically London boroughs, Metropolitan boroughs, unitary authorities, and district councils, who took over this power from the Justices of the Peace. These authorities are each required to establish a Licensing Committee, which acts in a quasi-judicial capacity under the Act. The powers of the Act came fully into force at midnight at the start of 24 November 2005.",
"short_answers": [
"district councils",
"local authorities",
"unitary authorities"
]
} |
what was the name of the first continent | [
"Pangaea"
] | [
{
"title": "Continent",
"text": "Vespucci's name in 1502 or 1503, although it seems that it had additions or alterations by another writer. Regardless of who penned the words, \"Mundus Novus\" credited Vespucci with saying, \"I have discovered a continent in those southern regions that is inhabited by more ... | {
"title": "Pangaea",
"long_answer": "Pangaea or Pangea ( /pænˈdʒiːə/) was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from earlier continental units approximately 335 million years ago, and it began to break apart about 175 million years ago. In contrast to the present Earth and its distribution of continental mass, much of Pangaea was in the southern hemisphere and surrounded by a superocean, Panthalassa. Pangaea was the most recent supercontinent to have existed and the first to be reconstructed by geologists.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Pangaea or Pangea ( /pænˈdʒiːə/) was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from earlier continental units approximately 335 million years ago, and it began to break apart about 175 million years ago. In contrast to the present Earth and its distribution of continental mass, much of Pangaea was in the southern hemisphere and surrounded by a superocean, Panthalassa. Pangaea was the most recent supercontinent to have existed and the first to be reconstructed by geologists.",
"short_answers": [
"Pangaea"
]
} |
which of the following helmiths feeds on blood | [
"Necator americanus",
"Ancylostoma duodenale"
] | [
{
"title": "Helminthiasis",
"text": "Helminthiasis Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths. There are numerous species of these parasites, which are broadly classif... | {
"title": "Helminthiasis",
"long_answer": "Helminths may cause iron-deficiency anemia. This is most severe in heavy hookworm infections, as Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale feed directly on the blood of their hosts. Although the daily consumption of an individual worm (0.02–0.07 ml and 0.14–0.26 ml respectively) is small, the collective consumption under heavy infection can be clinically significantly. Intestinal whipworm may also cause anemia. Anemia has also been associated with reduced stamina for physical labor, a decline in the ability to learn new information, and apathy, irritability, and fatigue. A study of the effect of deworming and iron supplementation in 47 students from the Democratic Republic of the Congo found that the intervention improved cognitive function. Another study found that in 159 Jamaican schoolchildren, deworming led to better auditory short-term memory and scanning and retrieval of long-term memory over a period of nine-weeks.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Helminths may cause iron-deficiency anemia. This is most severe in heavy hookworm infections, as Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale feed directly on the blood of their hosts. Although the daily consumption of an individual worm (0.02–0.07 ml and 0.14–0.26 ml respectively) is small, the collective consumption under heavy infection can be clinically significantly. Intestinal whipworm may also cause anemia. Anemia has also been associated with reduced stamina for physical labor, a decline in the ability to learn new information, and apathy, irritability, and fatigue. A study of the effect of deworming and iron supplementation in 47 students from the Democratic",
"short_answers": [
"Ancylostoma duodenale",
"Necator americanus"
]
} |
when does the men's worlds curling start | [
"March 31"
] | [
{
"title": "2017 World Men's Curling Championship",
"text": "of the sport to win the world junior title, the Olympic gold medal, and the world men's title, and Canada became the first country ever to be in simultaneous possession of Olympic and World championships in both men's and women's curling. The foll... | {
"title": "2018 World Men's Curling Championship",
"long_answer": "The 2018 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the 361˚ World Men's Curling Championship 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 31 to April 8, 2018 at Orleans Arena, on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The 2018 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the 361˚ World Men's Curling Championship 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 31 to April 8, 2018 at Orleans Arena, on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States.",
"short_answers": [
"March 31"
]
} |
who did cubs beat in 2016 world series | [
"the Indians",
"Cleveland Indians"
] | [
{
"title": "2016 National League Championship Series",
"text": "fly by Andrew Toles to make the score 8–4, but induced Justin Turner to ground out to end the game. The win put the Cubs on the brink of the World Series as the series moved back to Wrigley Field. Cubs pitchers Kyle Hendricks and Aroldis Chapma... | {
"title": "2016 World Series",
"long_answer": "The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8–7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3-1 deficit to win a best-of-seven World Series, following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates, the 1958 New York Yankees, the 1968 Detroit Tigers, the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates, and the 1985 Kansas City Royals. This was the second time and the first since 1948 where the World Series score was even.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8–7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3-1 deficit to win a best-of-seven World Series, following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates, the 1958 New York",
"short_answers": [
"the Indians"
]
} |
who owns the rights to rocky and bullwinkle | [
"Universal Pictures"
] | [
{
"title": "The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (TV series)",
"text": "DHX Studios Vancouver with writing and early production duties taking place in Los Angeles. On April 12, 2018, it was announced that Amazon Video had given a series order to the production and that the show would premiere on May 11, 2... | {
"title": "The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends (TV series)",
"long_answer": "The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show remained in syndicated reruns and was still available for local television stations through The Program Exchange as late as 2016; WBBZ-TV, for instance, aired the show in a strip to counterprogram 10 PM newscasts in the Buffalo, New York market during the summer 2013 season. The underlying rights are now owned by Universal Pictures, which holds the library of predecessor companies DreamWorks Animation and Classic Media, and who in turn with copyright holder Ward Productions forms the joint venture Bullwinkle Studios, which manages the Rocky and Bullwinkle properties; Universal's purchase of Classic Media coincided with The Program Exchange's shutdown.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Show remained in syndicated reruns and was still available for local television stations through The Program Exchange as late as 2016; WBBZ-TV, for instance, aired the show in a strip to counterprogram 10 PM newscasts in the Buffalo, New York market during the summer 2013 season. The underlying rights are now owned by Universal Pictures, which holds the library of predecessor companies DreamWorks Animation and Classic Media, and who in turn with copyright holder Ward Productions forms the joint venture Bullwinkle Studios, which manages the Rocky and Bullwinkle properties; Universal's purchase of Classic Media coincided with The Program Exchange's shutdown.",
"short_answers": [
"Universal Pictures"
]
} |
who was the leader of the zulu in south africa who led the fight against the british | [
"Cetshwayo",
"Cetshwayo kaMpande"
] | [
{
"title": "Mbongeleni Zondi",
"text": "Mbongeleni Zondi Inkosi (Zulu Chief/King) Mbongeleni Zondi (1969 – January 22, 2009) was a Zulu chief and great-grandson of Inkosi Bambatha kaMancinza, who led a Zulu rebellion against British rule in 1906. He was also a close ally of African National Congress Preside... | {
"title": "Anglo-Zulu War",
"long_answer": "Frere, on his own initiative, without the approval of the British government and with the intent of instigating a war with the Zulu, had presented an ultimatum on 11 December 1878, to the Zulu king Cetshwayo with which the Zulu king could not comply, including disbanding his army and abandoning key cultural traditions. Bartle Frere then sent Lord Chelmsford to invade Zululand after this ultimatum was not met. The war is notable for several particularly bloody battles, including an opening victory of the Zulu at the Battle of Isandlwana, followed by the defeat of a large Zulu army at Rorke's Drift by a small force of British troops. The war eventually resulted in a British victory and the end of the Zulu nation's dominance of the region.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Frere, on his own initiative, without the approval of the British government and with the intent of instigating a war with the Zulu, had presented an ultimatum on 11 December 1878, to the Zulu king Cetshwayo with which the Zulu king could not comply, including disbanding his army and abandoning key cultural traditions. Bartle Frere then sent Lord Chelmsford to invade Zululand after this ultimatum was not met. The war is notable for several particularly bloody battles, including an opening victory of the Zulu at the Battle of Isandlwana, followed by the defeat of a large Zulu army at Rorke's",
"short_answers": [
"Cetshwayo"
]
} |
where does blonde hair green eyes come from | [
"a low concentration in pigmentation"
] | [
{
"title": "Blond",
"text": "ice or snow on the ground, and this reflects the solar radiation onto the skin, making this environment lack the conditions for the person to have blond, brown or red hair, light skin and blue, grey or green eyes. An alternative hypothesis was presented by Canadian anthropologis... | {
"title": "Blond",
"long_answer": "A typical explanation found in the scientific literature for the evolution of light hair is related to the evolution of light skin, and in turn the requirement for vitamin D synthesis and northern Europe's seasonal less solar radiation. Lighter skin is due to a low concentration in pigmentation, thus allowing more sunlight to trigger the production of vitamin D. In this way, high frequencies of light hair in northern latitudes are a result of the light skin adaptation to lower levels of solar radiation, which reduces the prevalence of rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency. The darker pigmentation at higher latitudes in certain ethnic groups such as the Inuit is explained by a greater proportion of seafood in their diet and by the climate which they live in, because in the polar climate there is more ice or snow on the ground, and this reflects the solar radiation onto the skin, making this environment lack the conditions for the person to have blond, brown or red hair, light skin and blue, grey or green eyes.",
"chunked_long_answer": "hair is related to the evolution of light skin, and in turn the requirement for vitamin D synthesis and northern Europe's seasonal less solar radiation. Lighter skin is due to a low concentration in pigmentation, thus allowing more sunlight to trigger the production of vitamin D. In this way, high frequencies of light hair in northern latitudes are a result of the light skin adaptation to lower levels of solar radiation, which reduces the prevalence of rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency. The darker pigmentation at higher latitudes in certain ethnic groups such as the Inuit is explained by a",
"short_answers": [
"a low concentration in pigmentation"
]
} |
coldplay song i will try to fix you | [
"\"Fix You\""
] | [
{
"title": "Every Teardrop Is a Waterfall",
"text": "Every Teardrop Is a Waterfall \"Every Teardrop is a Waterfall\" is a song by British rock band Coldplay. The song is the lead single from Coldplay's fifth studio album, \"Mylo Xyloto\", it was released on 3 June 2011, as a digital download except in the U... | {
"title": "Fix You",
"long_answer": "\"Fix You\" is a song by the British rock band Coldplay. It was written by all four members of the band for their third studio album, X&Y (2005). The track is built around an organ accompanied by slow tempo drums and vocals.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Fix You\" is a song by the British rock band Coldplay. It was written by all four members of the band for their third studio album, X&Y (2005). The track is built around an organ accompanied by slow tempo drums and vocals.",
"short_answers": [
"\"Fix You\""
]
} |
who is the cast of the new tomb raider movie | [
"Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft"
] | [
{
"title": "Alicia Vikander",
"text": "the adaptation of the novel \"The Light Between Oceans\" (2016), directed by Derek Cianfrance, with Michael Fassbender and Rachel Weisz. The film was released in the United States by Touchstone Pictures on 2 September 2016. Vikander portrayed Lara Croft in the action r... | {
"title": "Tomb Raider (film)",
"long_answer": "Tomb Raider is a 2018 action-adventure film directed by Roar Uthaug, with a screenplay by Geneva Robertson-Dworet and Alastair Siddons, from a story by Evan Daugherty and Robertson-Dworet. It is based on the 2013 video game of the same name, with some elements of its sequel by Crystal Dynamics, and is a reboot of the Tomb Raider film series. The film stars Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft, who embarks on a perilous journey to her father's last-known destination, hoping to solve the mystery of his disappearance. Dominic West, Walton Goggins, Daniel Wu, and Kristin Scott Thomas appear in supporting roles.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Tomb Raider is a 2018 action-adventure film directed by Roar Uthaug, with a screenplay by Geneva Robertson-Dworet and Alastair Siddons, from a story by Evan Daugherty and Robertson-Dworet. It is based on the 2013 video game of the same name, with some elements of its sequel by Crystal Dynamics, and is a reboot of the Tomb Raider film series. The film stars Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft, who embarks on a perilous journey to her father's last-known destination, hoping to solve the mystery of his disappearance. Dominic West, Walton Goggins, Daniel Wu, and Kristin Scott Thomas appear in supporting roles.",
"short_answers": [
"Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft"
]
} |
where does the song 10 green bottles come from | [
"United Kingdom"
] | [
{
"title": "Ten Green Bottles (book)",
"text": "Threshold Theatre. Ten Green Bottles (book) Ten Green Bottles is a book by Vivian Jeanette Kaplan and a play based on the book. It is the true story of a Jewish family that escaped from Nazi-occupied Vienna to Shanghai under Japanese rule. The book was publish... | {
"title": "Ten Green Bottles",
"long_answer": "\"Ten Green Bottles\" is a song that is popular in the United Kingdom. In essence, the song is a single verse repeated, each time with one bottle fewer:",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Ten Green Bottles\" is a song that is popular in the United Kingdom. In essence, the song is a single verse repeated, each time with one bottle fewer:",
"short_answers": [
"United Kingdom"
]
} |
what was the first kind of vertebrate to exist on earth | [
"believed to be the Myllokunmingia",
"the Myllokunmingia",
"Myllokunmingia"
] | [
{
"title": "Vertebrate paleontology",
"text": "Ma (megaannum, million years ago). The Devonian Period (395 to 345 Ma) brought in the changes that allowed primitive air-breathing fish to remain on land as long as they wished, thus becoming the first terrestrial vertebrates, the amphibians. Amphibians develop... | {
"title": "Vertebrate",
"long_answer": "Vertebrates originated about 525 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion, which saw the rise in organism diversity. The earliest known vertebrate is believed to be the Myllokunmingia. Another early vertebrate is Haikouichthys ercaicunensis. Unlike the other fauna that dominated the Cambrian, these groups had the basic vertebrate body plan: a notochord, rudimentary vertebrae, and a well-defined head and tail. All of these early vertebrates lacked jaws in the common sense and relied on filter feeding close to the seabed. A vertebrate group of uncertain phylogeny, small-eel-like conodonts, are known from microfossils of their paired tooth segments from the late Cambrian to the end of the Triassic.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Vertebrates originated about 525 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion, which saw the rise in organism diversity. The earliest known vertebrate is believed to be the Myllokunmingia. Another early vertebrate is Haikouichthys ercaicunensis. Unlike the other fauna that dominated the Cambrian, these groups had the basic vertebrate body plan: a notochord, rudimentary vertebrae, and a well-defined head and tail. All of these early vertebrates lacked jaws in the common sense and relied on filter feeding close to the seabed. A vertebrate group of uncertain phylogeny, small-eel-like conodonts, are known from microfossils of their paired tooth segments from the late",
"short_answers": [
"Myllokunmingia",
"believed to be the Myllokunmingia",
"the Myllokunmingia"
]
} |
who played the original wonder woman on tv | [
"Lynda Carter"
] | [
{
"title": "Wonder Woman (TV series)",
"text": "\"The New Adventures of Wonder Woman\", and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner. Waggoner's character was changed to Steve Trevor Jr., the son of his original character. \"Wonder Woman\" refers to both a 1974 television film and a 1975-79 ... | {
"title": "Wonder Woman (TV series)",
"long_answer": "Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2 and 3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name. The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman/Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr. It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979. The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II. The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner. Waggoner's character was changed to Steve Trevor Jr., the son of his original character.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2 and 3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name. The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman/Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr. It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979. The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II. The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to The New Adventures of",
"short_answers": [
"Lynda Carter"
]
} |
where was the louisiana purchase signed in 1803 | [
"Paris"
] | [
{
"title": "Louisiana Purchase",
"text": "had authorized Livingston only to purchase New Orleans. However, Livingston was certain that the United States would accept the offer. The Americans thought that Napoleon might withdraw the offer at any time, preventing the United States from acquiring New Orleans, ... | {
"title": "Louisiana Purchase",
"long_answer": "The Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed on 30 April by Robert Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois in Paris. Jefferson announced the treaty to the American people on July 4. After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803, Livingston made this famous statement, \"We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives... From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed on 30 April by Robert Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois in Paris. Jefferson announced the treaty to the American people on July 4. After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803, Livingston made this famous statement, \"We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives... From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank.\"",
"short_answers": [
"Paris"
]
} |
when did harvard become an ivy league school | [
"1945"
] | [
{
"title": "Harvard University",
"text": "Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, with about 6,700 undergraduate students and about 15,250 post graduate students. Established in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, clergyman John Har... | {
"title": "Ivy League",
"long_answer": "In 1945 the presidents of the eight schools signed the first Ivy Group Agreement, which set academic, financial, and athletic standards for the football teams. The principles established reiterated those put forward in the Harvard-Yale-Princeton Presidents' Agreement of 1916. The Ivy Group Agreement established the core tenet that an applicant's ability to play on a team would not influence admissions decisions:",
"chunked_long_answer": "In 1945 the presidents of the eight schools signed the first Ivy Group Agreement, which set academic, financial, and athletic standards for the football teams. The principles established reiterated those put forward in the Harvard-Yale-Princeton Presidents' Agreement of 1916. The Ivy Group Agreement established the core tenet that an applicant's ability to play on a team would not influence admissions decisions:",
"short_answers": [
"1945"
]
} |
when does the call of the wild take place | [
"1890s",
"the 1890s"
] | [
{
"title": "Call of the Wild (TV series)",
"text": "Call of the Wild (TV series) Call of the Wild is a 2000 adventure television series based on Jack London's eponymous 1903 novel. It was originally broadcast on Animal Planet, and the 13 episodes were released on DVD as a 120-minute, full-length movie. The ... | {
"title": "The Call of the Wild",
"long_answer": "The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London published in 1903 and set in Yukon, Canada during the 1890s Klondike Gold Rush, when strong sled dogs were in high demand. The central character of the novel is a dog named Buck. The story opens at a ranch in Santa Clara Valley, California, when Buck is stolen from his home and sold into service as a sled dog in Alaska. He becomes progressively feral in the harsh environment, where he is forced to fight to survive and dominate other dogs. By the end, he sheds the veneer of civilization, and relies on primordial instinct and learned experience to emerge as a leader in the wild.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London published in 1903 and set in Yukon, Canada during the 1890s Klondike Gold Rush, when strong sled dogs were in high demand. The central character of the novel is a dog named Buck. The story opens at a ranch in Santa Clara Valley, California, when Buck is stolen from his home and sold into service as a sled dog in Alaska. He becomes progressively feral in the harsh environment, where he is forced to fight to survive and dominate other dogs. By the end, he sheds the",
"short_answers": [
"1890s",
"the 1890s"
]
} |
who were the first kings to issue coins bearing their names | [
"the Indo-Greek kings"
] | [
{
"title": "Beonna of East Anglia",
"text": "for runic lettering. Beonna had three moneyers whose names are known: Werferth, Efe and Wilred. The coins struck by Werferth are considered to be the earliest. His coins and those struck under the authority of Eadberht of Northumbria both contained 70% silver and... | {
"title": "Satavahana dynasty",
"long_answer": "The Satavahanas are among the earliest Indian rulers to issue their own coins with portraits of their rulers, starting with king Gautamiputra Satakarni, a practice derived from that of the Western Kshatrapas he defeated, itself originating with the Indo-Greek kings to the northwest.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Satavahanas are among the earliest Indian rulers to issue their own coins with portraits of their rulers, starting with king Gautamiputra Satakarni, a practice derived from that of the Western Kshatrapas he defeated, itself originating with the Indo-Greek kings to the northwest.",
"short_answers": [
"the Indo-Greek kings"
]
} |
who played the colorado kid in rio bravo | [
"Ricky Nelson"
] | [
{
"title": "Rio Bravo (film)",
"text": "by the Nelson Riddle Orchestra, sings a specially composed song, \"Rio Bravo\", written by Tiomkin with lyrics by Paul Francis Webster. Nelson later paid homage to both the film and his character, Colorado, by including the song \"Restless Kid\" on his 1959 LP, \"Rick... | {
"title": "Rio Bravo (film)",
"long_answer": "Chance's friend Pat Wheeler (Ward Bond) and his wagon train of supplies stop in town, with a young gunslinger, Colorado Ryan (Ricky Nelson), riding guard. Inside the jail, Stumpy (Walter Brennan), Chance's game-legged deputy, keeps watch over the jail and Joe, who knows that Stumpy holds an old grudge against Joe's wealthy and powerful brother. Joe warns his jailers that Nathan Burdette will not like how his brother is being treated.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Chance's friend Pat Wheeler (Ward Bond) and his wagon train of supplies stop in town, with a young gunslinger, Colorado Ryan (Ricky Nelson), riding guard. Inside the jail, Stumpy (Walter Brennan), Chance's game-legged deputy, keeps watch over the jail and Joe, who knows that Stumpy holds an old grudge against Joe's wealthy and powerful brother. Joe warns his jailers that Nathan Burdette will not like how his brother is being treated.",
"short_answers": [
"Ricky Nelson"
]
} |
what is the main character's name in layer cake | [
"XXXX",
"XXXX,",
"Daniel Craig"
] | [
{
"title": "Layer Cake (novel)",
"text": "daughter of Edward Temple, a wealthy business contractor and socialite whom Price has known since childhood. She has run away with her new boyfriend, a cokehead by the name of Trevor Atkins, alias Kinky. Price charges the narrator with the task of locating Charlotte... | {
"title": "Layer Cake (film)",
"long_answer": "Layer Cake (also occasionally stylised as L4YER CAKƐ) is a 2004 British crime thriller film directed by Matthew Vaughn, in his directorial debut. The screenplay was adapted by J. J. Connolly from his novel of the same name. The film's plot revolves around a London-based criminal known as XXXX, played by Daniel Craig, working in the trade of cocaine who wishes to leave the drug business. The film also features Tom Hardy, Colm Meaney, and Sienna Miller.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Layer Cake (also occasionally stylised as L4YER CAKƐ) is a 2004 British crime thriller film directed by Matthew Vaughn, in his directorial debut. The screenplay was adapted by J. J. Connolly from his novel of the same name. The film's plot revolves around a London-based criminal known as XXXX, played by Daniel Craig, working in the trade of cocaine who wishes to leave the drug business. The film also features Tom Hardy, Colm Meaney, and Sienna Miller.",
"short_answers": [
"Daniel Craig",
"XXXX",
"XXXX,"
]
} |
who played the original steve mcgarrett on hawaii five-o | [
"John Joseph Patrick Ryan",
"Jack Lord"
] | [
{
"title": "Hawaii Five-O (1968 TV series)",
"text": "series now airs Friday nights at 9 PM Eastern, 8 PM Central time. The remake version \"Hawaii Five-0\" uses the same principal character names as the original, and the new Steve McGarrett's late father's vintage 1974 Mercury Marquis is the actual specime... | {
"title": "Jack Lord",
"long_answer": "John Joseph Patrick Ryan (December 30, 1920 – January 21, 1998), best known by his stage name, Jack Lord, was an American television, film and Broadway actor and director and producer. He was known for his starring role as Steve McGarrett in the CBS television program Hawaii Five-O, which ran from 1968 to 1980.",
"chunked_long_answer": "John Joseph Patrick Ryan (December 30, 1920 – January 21, 1998), best known by his stage name, Jack Lord, was an American television, film and Broadway actor and director and producer. He was known for his starring role as Steve McGarrett in the CBS television program Hawaii Five-O, which ran from 1968 to 1980.",
"short_answers": [
"Jack Lord",
"John Joseph Patrick Ryan"
]
} |
what year did return of the mack come out | [
"18 March 1996",
"March 1996",
"1996"
] | [
{
"title": "Return of the Mack (album)",
"text": "album was largely self-produced by Morrison, and was recorded over a two-year period. The album's release was preceded by the release of three singles. At the 1997 BRIT Awards held on 24 February 1997, he performed \"Return of the Mack\". The debut song \"Cr... | {
"title": "Return of the Mack",
"long_answer": "\"Return of the Mack\" is a song written and recorded by the German-born British R&B singer Mark Morrison. It was released in the United Kingdom in March 1996 and topped the UK Singles Chart a month later. It reached the #1 spot on the UK Singles Chart and #2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in early-Summer 1997 for one week behind \"MMMBop\" by Hanson, and went Platinum.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Return of the Mack\" is a song written and recorded by the German-born British R&B singer Mark Morrison. It was released in the United Kingdom in March 1996 and topped the UK Singles Chart a month later. It reached the #1 spot on the UK Singles Chart and #2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in early-Summer 1997 for one week behind \"MMMBop\" by Hanson, and went Platinum.",
"short_answers": [
"1996",
"March 1996"
]
} |
the xix of the social security act of 1965 established | [
"Medicaid"
] | [
{
"title": "Social Security (United States)",
"text": "Social Security (United States) In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program and is administered by the Social Security Administration. The original Social S... | {
"title": "Social Security Amendments of 1965",
"long_answer": "The legislation made two amendments to the Social Security Act of 1935. Title XVIII, which became known as Medicare, includes Part A, which provides hospital insurance for the aged, and Part B, which provides supplementary medical insurance. Title XIX, which became known as Medicaid, provides for the states to finance health care for individuals who were at or close to the public assistance level with federal matching funds.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The legislation made two amendments to the Social Security Act of 1935. Title XVIII, which became known as Medicare, includes Part A, which provides hospital insurance for the aged, and Part B, which provides supplementary medical insurance. Title XIX, which became known as Medicaid, provides for the states to finance health care for individuals who were at or close to the public assistance level with federal matching funds.",
"short_answers": [
"Medicaid"
]
} |
who wrote the song if i were a boy | [
"BC Jean and Toby Gad",
"Toby Gad",
"BC Jean"
] | [
{
"title": "If I Were a Boy",
"text": "was an artist, so it was, like, 'Oh, this songwriter BC.' \" \"If I Were a Boy\" was the first song she ever recorded, and she initially did not intend to hand it to another singer. Jean said that the fact that Beyoncé recorded the ballad provided many opportunities, a... | {
"title": "If I Were a Boy",
"long_answer": "\"If I Were a Boy\" is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008). It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break-up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record company rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released \"If I Were a Boy\" to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" as the lead singles. The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé's personality and her aggressive onstage persona, Sasha Fierce. A Spanish version of the song, titled \"Si Yo Fuera un Chico\", was digitally released in Mexico and Spain.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"If I Were a Boy\" is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008). It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break-up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record company rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released \"If I Were a Boy\" to US radio on",
"short_answers": [
"BC Jean",
"BC Jean and Toby Gad",
"Toby Gad"
]
} |
when was the bridge over the hoover dam built | [
"2010"
] | [
{
"title": "Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge",
"text": "or doing nothing. In March 2001 the Federal Highway Administration issued a Record of Decision indicating its selection of the \"Sugarloaf Mountain Alternative\" routing. The project called for approximately of highway in Nevada, of highway... | {
"title": "Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge",
"long_answer": "The Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge is an arch bridge in the United States that spans the Colorado River between the states of Arizona and Nevada. The bridge is located within the Lake Mead National Recreation Area approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Las Vegas, and carries U.S. Route 93 over the Colorado River. Opened in 2010, it was the key component of the Hoover Dam Bypass project, which rerouted US 93 from its previous routing along the top of Hoover Dam and removed several hairpin turns and blind curves from the route. It is jointly named for Mike O'Callaghan, Governor of Nevada from 1971–1979, and Pat Tillman, an American football player who left his career with the Arizona Cardinals to enlist in the United States Army and was later killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire.",
"chunked_long_answer": "the states of Arizona and Nevada. The bridge is located within the Lake Mead National Recreation Area approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Las Vegas, and carries U.S. Route 93 over the Colorado River. Opened in 2010, it was the key component of the Hoover Dam Bypass project, which rerouted US 93 from its previous routing along the top of Hoover Dam and removed several hairpin turns and blind curves from the route. It is jointly named for Mike O'Callaghan, Governor of Nevada from 1971–1979, and Pat Tillman, an American football player who left his career with the Arizona",
"short_answers": [
"2010"
]
} |
when was the japanese videogame company nintendo founded | [
"23 September 1889"
] | [
{
"title": "Satoru Iwata",
"text": "in 1993 at the insistence of Nintendo President Hiroshi Yamauchi and brought financial stability to the company. In the following years, he assisted in the development of the \"Pokémon\" and \"Super Smash Bros.\" series. Iwata joined Nintendo as the head of its corporate-... | {
"title": "Nintendo",
"long_answer": "Nintendo Co., Ltd. is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and video game company headquartered in Kyoto. Nintendo is one of the world's largest video game companies by market capitalization, creating some of the best-known and top-selling video game franchises, such as Mario, The Legend of Zelda, and Pokémon. Founded on 23 September 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi, it originally produced handmade hanafuda playing cards. By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as cab services and love hotels. Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s, Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s, ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and Japan's third most-valuable company with a market value of over $85 billion. From 1992 until 2016, Nintendo was also the majority shareholder for the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball.",
"chunked_long_answer": "company headquartered in Kyoto. Nintendo is one of the world's largest video game companies by market capitalization, creating some of the best-known and top-selling video game franchises, such as Mario, The Legend of Zelda, and Pokémon. Founded on 23 September 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi, it originally produced handmade hanafuda playing cards. By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as cab services and love hotels. Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s, Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s, ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and",
"short_answers": [
"23 September 1889"
]
} |
when was half life 2 episode 2 released | [
"in 2007",
"October 10, 2007"
] | [
{
"title": "Half-Life 2: Episode Two",
"text": "the series separated. It was originally rumored that \"Episode Two\" would be delayed until 2008. On June 14, 2007, however, Valve confirmed the release date for \"Episode Two\" to be October 9, 2007 for all announced platforms. Valve handled the development o... | {
"title": "Half-Life 2: Episode Two",
"long_answer": "Half-Life 2: Episode Two is a first-person shooter video game, the second in a series of episodic sequels to the 2004 Half-Life 2. It was developed by Valve Corporation in tandem with Episode One, the first game in the series, and released in 2007 via Valve's Steam content distribution platform. The episode was released both separately and as a part of a bundled package, The Orange Box.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Half-Life 2: Episode Two is a first-person shooter video game, the second in a series of episodic sequels to the 2004 Half-Life 2. It was developed by Valve Corporation in tandem with Episode One, the first game in the series, and released in 2007 via Valve's Steam content distribution platform. The episode was released both separately and as a part of a bundled package, The Orange Box.",
"short_answers": [
"in 2007"
]
} |
who proposed the virginia plan at the constitutional convention | [
"Madison",
"James Madison"
] | [
{
"title": "Charles Pinckney (governor)",
"text": "elaborate form of the Virginia Plan, proposed first by Edmund Randolph, but it was disregarded by the other delegates. Historians assess him as an important contributing delegate. Pinckney boasted that he was 24, allowing him to claim distinction as the you... | {
"title": "Constitutional Convention (United States)",
"long_answer": "Due to the difficulty of travel in the late 18th century, very few of the selected delegates were present on the designated day of May 14, 1787, and it was not until May 25 that a quorum of seven states was secured. (New Hampshire delegates would not join the Convention until more than halfway through the proceedings, on July 23.) James Madison arrived first, and soon most of the Virginia delegation arrived. While waiting for the other delegates, the Virginia delegation produced the Virginia Plan, which was designed and written by James Madison. On May 25, the delegations convened in the Pennsylvania State House.",
"chunked_long_answer": "of travel in the late 18th century, very few of the selected delegates were present on the designated day of May 14, 1787, and it was not until May 25 that a quorum of seven states was secured. (New Hampshire delegates would not join the Convention until more than halfway through the proceedings, on July 23.) James Madison arrived first, and soon most of the Virginia delegation arrived. While waiting for the other delegates, the Virginia delegation produced the Virginia Plan, which was designed and written by James Madison. On May 25, the delegations convened in the Pennsylvania State House.",
"short_answers": [
"James Madison"
]
} |
what is the current population of bora bora | [
"10,605"
] | [
{
"title": "Dugda (woreda)",
"text": "they observed this belief, while 3.88% of the population were Protestant, 2.13% of the population were Muslim, and 1.36% of the population practiced traditional beliefs. Based on figures published by the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, this woreda has an estimated t... | {
"title": "Bora Bora",
"long_answer": "As of 2017, the Bora Bora group has a permanent population of 10,605.",
"chunked_long_answer": "As of 2017, the Bora Bora group has a permanent population of 10,605.",
"short_answers": [
"10,605"
]
} |
what was the population of the roman empire at its height | [
"50 to 90 million inhabitants",
"70 million",
"55–60 million",
"an estimated 70 million people"
] | [
{
"title": "Roman Empire",
"text": "of 5 million square kilometres. The traditional population estimate of inhabitants accounted for between one-sixth and one-fourth of the world's total population and made it the largest population of any unified political entity in the West until the mid-19th century. Rec... | {
"title": "Roman Empire",
"long_answer": "The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum; Classical Latin: [ɪmˈpɛ.ri.ũː roːˈmaː.nũː] Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC – c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus, effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.",
"chunked_long_answer": "period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC – c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as",
"short_answers": [
"50 to 90 million inhabitants"
]
} |
what does sip stand for in the ngn / ims context | [
"Session Initiation Protocol"
] | [
{
"title": "Session Initiation Protocol",
"text": "permanent element of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) architecture for IP-based streaming multimedia services in cellular networks. In June 2002 the specification was revised in and various extensions and clarifications have been published since. SIP was d... | {
"title": "IP Multimedia Subsystem",
"long_answer": "To ease the integration with the Internet, IMS uses IETF protocols wherever possible, e.g., SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). According to the 3GPP, IMS is not intended to standardize applications, but rather to aid the access of multimedia and voice applications from wireless and wireline terminals, i.e., to create a form of fixed-mobile convergence (FMC). This is done by having a horizontal control layer that isolates the access network from the service layer. From a logical architecture perspective, services need not have their own control functions, as the control layer is a common horizontal layer. However, in implementation this does not necessarily map into greater reduced cost and complexity.",
"chunked_long_answer": "To ease the integration with the Internet, IMS uses IETF protocols wherever possible, e.g., SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). According to the 3GPP, IMS is not intended to standardize applications, but rather to aid the access of multimedia and voice applications from wireless and wireline terminals, i.e., to create a form of fixed-mobile convergence (FMC). This is done by having a horizontal control layer that isolates the access network from the service layer. From a logical architecture perspective, services need not have their own control functions, as the control layer is a common horizontal layer. However, in implementation this does not",
"short_answers": [
"Session Initiation Protocol"
]
} |
when was penicillin first introduced to the public | [
"After World War II",
"1942"
] | [
{
"title": "History of penicillin",
"text": "respond to any traditional antiseptic was then given another substance that cured her, and Lister's registrar informed her that it was called Penicillium. In 1874, the Welsh physician William Roberts, who later coined the term \"enzyme\", observed that bacterial ... | {
"title": "Penicillin",
"long_answer": "Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming. People began using it to treat infections in 1942. There are several enhanced penicillin families which are effective against additional bacteria; these include the antistaphylococcal penicillins, aminopenicillins and the antipseudomonal penicillins. They are derived from Penicillium fungi.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming. People began using it to treat infections in 1942. There are several enhanced penicillin families which are effective against additional bacteria; these include the antistaphylococcal penicillins, aminopenicillins and the antipseudomonal penicillins. They are derived from Penicillium fungi.",
"short_answers": [
"1942"
]
} |
what channel is celebrity big brother on in the usa | [
"CBS",
"on CBS"
] | [
{
"title": "Celebrity Big Brother 16 (UK)",
"text": "Celebrity Big Brother 16 (UK) Celebrity Big Brother 16, also known as Celebrity Big Brother: UK vs USA, was the sixteenth series of the British reality television series \"Celebrity Big Brother\", hosted by Emma Willis and narrated by Marcus Bentley. The ... | {
"title": "Celebrity Big Brother (U.S. TV series)",
"long_answer": "Celebrity Big Brother, also known as Big Brother: Celebrity Edition, is a spin-off series of the American reality television series Big Brother. This season aired during the winter of the 2017–18 network television season on CBS and was the second U.S. Big Brother season to air outside the usual summer television season, the first being Big Brother 9 in 2008. Julie Chen returned as host, with Allison Grodner and Rich Meehan returning as executive producers. The season was produced by Fly on the Wall Entertainment in association with Endemol Shine North America. The season premiered on February 7, 2018.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Celebrity Big Brother, also known as Big Brother: Celebrity Edition, is a spin-off series of the American reality television series Big Brother. This season aired during the winter of the 2017–18 network television season on CBS and was the second U.S. Big Brother season to air outside the usual summer television season, the first being Big Brother 9 in 2008. Julie Chen returned as host, with Allison Grodner and Rich Meehan returning as executive producers. The season was produced by Fly on the Wall Entertainment in association with Endemol Shine North America. The season premiered on February 7, 2018.",
"short_answers": [
"CBS",
"on CBS"
]
} |
who overthrew the mongols and established the ming dynasty | [
"Zhu Yuanzhang"
] | [
{
"title": "House of Zhu",
"text": "Beijing), he claimed the Mandate of Heaven and established the Ming dynasty in 1368. The Ming's mission was to drive away the Mongols and restore Han Chinese rule in China. Under the Hongwu Emperor's rule, the Mongol bureaucrats who dominated the government in the Yuan dy... | {
"title": "Ming dynasty",
"long_answer": "With the Yuan dynasty crumbling, competing rebel groups began fighting for control of the country and thus the right to establish a new dynasty. In 1363, Zhu Yuanzhang eliminated his archrival and leader of the rebel Han faction, Chen Youliang, in the Battle of Lake Poyang, arguably the largest naval battle in history. Known for its ambitious use of fire ships, Zhu's force of 200,000 Ming sailors were able to defeat a Han rebel force over triple their size, claimed to be 650,000-strong. The victory destroyed the last opposing rebel faction, leaving Zhu Yuanzhang in uncontested control of the bountiful Yangtze River Valley and cementing his power in the south. After the dynastic head of the Red Turbans suspiciously died in 1367 while a guest of Zhu, there was no one left who was remotely capable of contesting his march to the throne, and he made his imperial ambitions known by sending an army toward the Yuan capital Dadu (present-day Beijing) in 1368. The last Yuan emperor fled north to the upper capital Shangdu, and Zhu declared the founding of the Ming dynasty after razing the Yuan palaces in Dadu to the ground; the city was renamed Beiping in the same year. Zhu Yuanzhang took Hongwu, or \"Vastly Martial\", as his era name.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In 1363, Zhu Yuanzhang eliminated his archrival and leader of the rebel Han faction, Chen Youliang, in the Battle of Lake Poyang, arguably the largest naval battle in history. Known for its ambitious use of fire ships, Zhu's force of 200,000 Ming sailors were able to defeat a Han rebel force over triple their size, claimed to be 650,000-strong. The victory destroyed the last opposing rebel faction, leaving Zhu Yuanzhang in uncontested control of the bountiful Yangtze River Valley and cementing his power in the south. After the dynastic head of the Red Turbans suspiciously died in 1367 while a guest of Zhu, there was no one left who was remotely capable of contesting his march to the throne, and he made his imperial ambitions known by sending an army toward the Yuan capital Dadu (present-day Beijing) in 1368. The last Yuan emperor fled north to the upper capital Shangdu, and Zhu declared the founding of the Ming dynasty after razing the Yuan palaces in Dadu to the ground; the city was renamed Beiping in the same year. Zhu Yuanzhang took Hongwu, or \"Vastly Martial\", as his era name.",
"short_answers": [
"Zhu Yuanzhang"
]
} |
where does the grapes of wrath take place | [
"Oklahoma",
"California"
] | [
{
"title": "The Grapes of Wrath (play)",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath (play) The Grapes of Wrath is a 1988 play adapted by Frank Galati from the classic John Steinbeck novel of the same name, with incidental music by Michael Smith. The play debuted at the Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago, followed by a May 19... | {
"title": "The Grapes of Wrath",
"long_answer": "Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on the Joads, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, agricultural industry changes, and bank foreclosures forcing tenant farmers out of work. Due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they are trapped in the Dust Bowl, the Joads set out for California. Along with thousands of other \"Okies\", they seek jobs, land, dignity, and a future.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on the Joads, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, agricultural industry changes, and bank foreclosures forcing tenant farmers out of work. Due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they are trapped in the Dust Bowl, the Joads set out for California. Along with thousands of other \"Okies\", they seek jobs, land, dignity, and a future.",
"short_answers": [
"California",
"Oklahoma"
]
} |
when did the cowboys start playing on thanksgiving day | [
"In 1966",
"1966",
"1978"
] | [
{
"title": "2016 Dallas Cowboys season",
"text": "time. Thanksgiving Day game In the traditional Thanksgiving game, the Cowboys hosted the Washington Redskins, who had just came off a victory against the Green Bay Packers. In a game of catch-up, the Redskins never led; however, they made a valiant effort in... | {
"title": "NFL on Thanksgiving Day",
"long_answer": "In 1966, the Dallas Cowboys, who had been founded six years earlier, adopted the practice of hosting Thanksgiving games. It is widely rumored that the Cowboys sought a guarantee that they would regularly host Thanksgiving games as a condition of their very first one (since games on days other than Sunday were uncommon at the time and thus high attendance was not a certainty). This is only partly true; Dallas had in fact decided to host games on Thanksgiving by their own decision because there was nothing else to do or watch on that day. In 1975 and 1977, at the behest of then-Commissioner Pete Rozelle, the St. Louis Cardinals replaced Dallas as a host team (Dallas then hosted St. Louis in 1976). Although the Cardinals, at the time known as the \"Cardiac Cards\" due to their propensity for winning very close games, were a modest success at the time, they were nowhere near as popular nationwide as the Cowboys, who were regular Super Bowl contenders during this era. This, combined with St. Louis's consistently weak attendance, a series of ugly Cardinals losses in the three-game stretch, and opposition from the Kirkwood–Webster Groves Turkey Day Game (a local high school football contest) led to Dallas resuming regular hosting duties in 1978; it was then, after Rozelle asked Dallas to resume hosting Thanksgiving games, that the Cowboys requested (and received) an agreement guaranteeing the Cowboys a spot on Thanksgiving Day forever.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In 1966, the Dallas Cowboys, who had been founded six years earlier, adopted the practice of hosting Thanksgiving games. It is widely rumored that the Cowboys sought a guarantee that they would regularly host Thanksgiving games as a condition of their very first one (since games on days other than Sunday were uncommon at the time and thus high attendance was not a certainty). This is only partly true; Dallas had in fact decided to host games on Thanksgiving by their own decision because there was nothing else to do or watch on that day. In 1975 and 1977, at the behest of then-Commissioner Pete Rozelle, the St. Louis Cardinals replaced Dallas as a host team (Dallas then hosted St. Louis in 1976). Although the Cardinals, at the time known as the \"Cardiac Cards\" due to their propensity for winning very close games, were a modest success at the time, they were nowhere near as popular nationwide as the Cowboys, who were regular Super Bowl contenders during this era. This, combined with St. Louis's consistently weak attendance, a series of ugly Cardinals losses in the three-game stretch, and opposition from the Kirkwood–Webster Groves Turkey Day Game (a local high school football contest) led to Dallas resuming regular hosting duties in 1978; it was then, after Rozelle asked Dallas to resume hosting Thanksgiving games, that the Cowboys requested (and received) an agreement guaranteeing the Cowboys a spot on Thanksgiving Day forever.",
"short_answers": [
"1966",
"1978",
"In 1966"
]
} |
who was the author of the art of war | [
"Sun Tzu"
] | [
{
"title": "The Art of War",
"text": "cited by KGB officers in charge of disinformation operations in Vladimir Volkoff's novel \"Le Montage\". \"The Art of War\" has been applied to many fields well outside of the military. Much of the text is about how to fight wars without actually having to do battle: It... | {
"title": "The Art of War",
"long_answer": "The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Spring and Autumn period in 5th century BC. The work, which is attributed to the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu (\"Master Sun\", also spelled Sunzi), is composed of 13 chapters. Each one is devoted to a distinct aspect of warfare and how that applies to military strategy and tactics. For almost 1,500 years it was the lead text in an anthology that would be formalised as the Seven Military Classics by Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1080. The Art of War remains the most influential strategy text in East Asia. It has a profound influence on Eastern and Western military thinking, business tactics, legal strategy and beyond.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Spring and Autumn period in 5th century BC. The work, which is attributed to the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu (\"Master Sun\", also spelled Sunzi), is composed of 13 chapters. Each one is devoted to a distinct aspect of warfare and how that applies to military strategy and tactics. For almost 1,500 years it was the lead text in an anthology that would be formalised as the Seven Military Classics by Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1080. The Art of War remains the most influential strategy",
"short_answers": [
"Sun Tzu"
]
} |
what was the first star trek enterprise ship | [
"NCC-1701"
] | [
{
"title": "Starship Enterprise",
"text": "that was Earth's first attempt to explore another star system. \"The Making of Star Trek: The Motion Picture\", published in 1980, describes the ship as \"the very first starship U.S.S. \"Enterprise\"\". A painting of this ship hangs on the wall of Earth's 602 Club... | {
"title": "USS Enterprise (NCC-1701)",
"long_answer": "USS Enterprise (NCC-1701) is a fictional starship in the fictional Star Trek universe that serves as both the main setting of the original Star Trek television series, as well as the primary transportation method for the show's characters. The Enterprise has been depicted in four network television series, six feature films, many books, and much fan-created media. The original Star Trek series (1966–1969) features a voice-over by Enterprise captain, James T. Kirk (William Shatner), which describes the mission of the Enterprise as \"to explore strange new worlds; to seek out new life and new civilizations; to boldly go where no man has gone before\".",
"chunked_long_answer": "USS Enterprise (NCC-1701) is a fictional starship in the fictional Star Trek universe that serves as both the main setting of the original Star Trek television series, as well as the primary transportation method for the show's characters. The Enterprise has been depicted in four network television series, six feature films, many books, and much fan-created media. The original Star Trek series (1966–1969) features a voice-over by Enterprise captain, James T. Kirk (William Shatner), which describes the mission of the Enterprise as \"to explore strange new worlds; to seek out new life and new civilizations; to boldly go where no",
"short_answers": [
"NCC-1701"
]
} |
star trek the next generation season 3 episode 24 | [
"\"Ménage à Troi\""
] | [
{
"title": "The Hunted (Star Trek: The Next Generation)",
"text": "also notes that they may reapply to join the Federation at a later date. The Hunted (Star Trek: The Next Generation) \"The Hunted\" is the 11th episode of the of the syndicated American science fiction television series \"\", and the 59th ep... | {
"title": "Ménage à Troi",
"long_answer": "\"Ménage à Troi\" is the 24th episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, and the 72nd episode of the series overall.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Ménage à Troi\" is the 24th episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, and the 72nd episode of the series overall.",
"short_answers": [
"\"Ménage à Troi\""
]
} |
when was fingerprinting first used by the police | [
"the early 20th century",
"In 1840"
] | [
{
"title": "Edward Henry",
"text": "already been exchanging letters with Francis Galton regarding the use of fingerprinting to identify criminals, either instead of or in addition to the anthropometric method of Alphonse Bertillon, which Henry introduced into the Bengal police department. The taking of fing... | {
"title": "Fingerprint",
"long_answer": "Human fingerprints are detailed, nearly unique, difficult to alter, and durable over the life of an individual, making them suitable as long-term markers of human identity. They may be employed by police or other authorities to identify individuals who wish to conceal their identity, or to identify people who are incapacitated or deceased and thus unable to identify themselves, as in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Fingerprint analysis, in use since the early 20th century, has led to many crimes being solved. This means that many criminals consider gloves essential. In 2015, the identification of sex by use of a fingerprint test has been reported.",
"chunked_long_answer": "difficult to alter, and durable over the life of an individual, making them suitable as long-term markers of human identity. They may be employed by police or other authorities to identify individuals who wish to conceal their identity, or to identify people who are incapacitated or deceased and thus unable to identify themselves, as in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Fingerprint analysis, in use since the early 20th century, has led to many crimes being solved. This means that many criminals consider gloves essential. In 2015, the identification of sex by use of a fingerprint test has been reported.",
"short_answers": [
"the early 20th century"
]
} |
where does the electron transport chain get its electrons from | [
"electron donors",
"donor molecule"
] | [
{
"title": "Reactive oxygen species",
"text": "chain. In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed through a series of proteins via oxidation-reduction reactions, with each acceptor protein along the chain having a greater reduction potential than the previous. The last destination for an electron ... | {
"title": "Electron transport chain",
"long_answer": "The electron transport chain consists of a spatially separated series of redox reactions in which electrons are transferred from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. The underlying force driving these reactions is the Gibbs free energy of the reactants and products. The Gibbs free energy is the energy available (\"free\") to do work. Any reaction that decreases the overall Gibbs free energy of a system is thermodynamically spontaneous.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The electron transport chain consists of a spatially separated series of redox reactions in which electrons are transferred from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. The underlying force driving these reactions is the Gibbs free energy of the reactants and products. The Gibbs free energy is the energy available (\"free\") to do work. Any reaction that decreases the overall Gibbs free energy of a system is thermodynamically spontaneous.",
"short_answers": [
"donor molecule"
]
} |
when did the ottoman empire surrender in ww1 | [
"1918",
"30 October 1918"
] | [
{
"title": "Eastern Question",
"text": "Eastern Question was put to rest after World War I, one of the outcomes of which was the collapse and division of the Ottoman holdings. The Eastern Question emerged as the power of the Ottoman Empire began to decline during the 18th century. The Ottomans were at the h... | {
"title": "History of the Ottoman Empire during World War I",
"long_answer": "On 30 October 1918, the Armistice of Mudros was signed, ending Ottoman involvement in World War 1. The Ottoman public, however, was given misleadingly positive impressions of the severity of the terms of the Armistice. They thought its terms were considerably more lenient than they actually were, a source of discontent later that the Allies had betrayed the offered terms.",
"chunked_long_answer": "On 30 October 1918, the Armistice of Mudros was signed, ending Ottoman involvement in World War 1. The Ottoman public, however, was given misleadingly positive impressions of the severity of the terms of the Armistice. They thought its terms were considerably more lenient than they actually were, a source of discontent later that the Allies had betrayed the offered terms.",
"short_answers": [
"30 October 1918"
]
} |
what is the transfer speed for sata 1 | [
"1.5 Gbit/s"
] | [
{
"title": "Western Digital Raptor",
"text": "cables, as the SATA data connector does not have the required rails. Therefore, only normal cables can be plugged into these connectors. WD360GD Raptors with the Marvell 88i8030-TBC PATA to SATA bridge chip, such as WD360GD-00FNA0 (December 2003) and earlier, ar... | {
"title": "Serial ATA",
"long_answer": "Revision 1.0a was released on January 7, 2003. First-generation SATA interfaces, now known as SATA 1.5 Gbit/s, communicate at a rate of 1.5 Gbit/s, and do not support Native Command Queuing (NCQ). Taking 8b/10b encoding overhead into account, they have an actual uncoded transfer rate of 1.2 Gbit/s (150 MB/s). The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 1.5 Gbit/s is similar to that of PATA/133, but newer SATA devices offer enhancements such as NCQ, which improve performance in a multitasking environment.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Revision 1.0a was released on January 7, 2003. First-generation SATA interfaces, now known as SATA 1.5 Gbit/s, communicate at a rate of 1.5 Gbit/s, and do not support Native Command Queuing (NCQ). Taking 8b/10b encoding overhead into account, they have an actual uncoded transfer rate of 1.2 Gbit/s (150 MB/s). The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 1.5 Gbit/s is similar to that of PATA/133, but newer SATA devices offer enhancements such as NCQ, which improve performance in a multitasking environment.",
"short_answers": [
"1.5 Gbit/s"
]
} |
where do the blood vessels that supply the retinal cells lie | [
"optic nerve",
"The optic nerve"
] | [
{
"title": "Retina",
"text": "is \"wired wrongly\" or \"badly designed\"; but in fact, the retina could not function if it were not inverted. The photoreceptor layer must be embedded in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which performs at least seven vital functions, one of the most obvious being to supp... | {
"title": "Retina",
"long_answer": "In section, the retina is no more than 0.5 mm thick. It has three layers of nerve cells and two of synapses, including the unique ribbon synapse. The optic nerve carries the ganglion cell axons to the brain, and the blood vessels that supply the retina. The ganglion cells lie innermost in the eye while the photoreceptive cells lie beyond. Because of this counter-intuitive arrangement, light must first pass through and around the ganglion cells and through the thickness of the retina, (including its capillary vessels, not shown) before reaching the rods and cones. Light is absorbed by the retinal pigment epithelium or the choroid (both of which are opaque).",
"chunked_long_answer": "In section, the retina is no more than 0.5 mm thick. It has three layers of nerve cells and two of synapses, including the unique ribbon synapse. The optic nerve carries the ganglion cell axons to the brain, and the blood vessels that supply the retina. The ganglion cells lie innermost in the eye while the photoreceptive cells lie beyond. Because of this counter-intuitive arrangement, light must first pass through and around the ganglion cells and through the thickness of the retina, (including its capillary vessels, not shown) before reaching the rods and cones. Light is absorbed by the retinal",
"short_answers": [
"The optic nerve",
"optic nerve"
]
} |
when does elijah first appear in vampire diaries | [
"Rose",
"\"Rose\"",
"Season two"
] | [
{
"title": "Klaus (The Vampire Diaries)",
"text": "leaves Elijah to go to Jenna. In a flashback, we see that Elijah was in love with Katherine back in 1492. Elena tries to calm Jenna down and tells her the whole truth. Then, she goes back to Elijah, asking him to tell her about the curse. Elijah tells her t... | {
"title": "The Vampire Diaries (season 2)",
"long_answer": "The Vampire Diaries, a 40 minute American supernatural drama, was officially renewed by The CW for a full 22-episode season on February 16, 2010. The first episode premiered on September 9, 2010, at 8 p.m. ET. The season picks up immediately after the events of the season one finale. All the series regulars returned. Season two focuses on the return of Elena Gilbert's (Nina Dobrev) doppelgänger, Katherine Pierce, the introduction of werewolves, the sun and moon curse, and the arrival of the original vampires. Tyler Lockwood's (Michael Trevino) uncle, Mason Lockwood (Taylor Kinney), arrives in town searching for the moonstone, a family heirloom. Tyler later learns of his family's werewolf curse. Meanwhile, Caroline Forbes (Candice Accola) is killed by Katherine while having Damon Salvatore's (Ian Somerhalder) blood in her system, turning her into a vampire. The arrival of the original vampires, Elijah (Daniel Gillies) and Klaus Mikaelson (Joseph Morgan), also bring about complications. Klaus is a vampire-werewolf hybrid, but his werewolf side had been forced into dormancy by witches, as nature would not stand for such an imbalance in power. Therefore, Klaus arrives in town with plans to break the curse and unleash his werewolf side by channelling the power of the full moon into the moonstone, sacrificing a vampire and a werewolf, and drinking the blood of the doppelgänger. The season is currently on air in Urdu on filmax channel in Pakistan. It became available on DVD and Blu-ray on August 30, 2011.",
"chunked_long_answer": "by The CW for a full 22-episode season on February 16, 2010. The first episode premiered on September 9, 2010, at 8 p.m. ET. The season picks up immediately after the events of the season one finale. All the series regulars returned. Season two focuses on the return of Elena Gilbert's (Nina Dobrev) doppelgänger, Katherine Pierce, the introduction of werewolves, the sun and moon curse, and the arrival of the original vampires. Tyler Lockwood's (Michael Trevino) uncle, Mason Lockwood (Taylor Kinney), arrives in town searching for the moonstone, a family heirloom. Tyler later learns of his family's werewolf curse. Meanwhile,",
"short_answers": [
"Season two"
]
} |
who does the voice of nala in the lion king | [
"Niketa Calame",
"Sally Dworsky",
"Moira Kelly",
"Laura Williams"
] | [
{
"title": "Nala (The Lion King)",
"text": "Broadway musical adaptation of the film, first played by singer Heather Headley. The character also appears in the television series \"The Lion Guard\", with Gabrielle Union replacing Kelly as the voice of Nala. Beyoncé is set to voice the character in the upcomin... | {
"title": "Nala (The Lion King)",
"long_answer": "Nala is a fictional lioness, a character who appears in the Disney Lion King franchise. Introduced in the animated film The Lion King in 1994, Nala subsequently appears as a less prominent character in the film's sequels The Lion King II: Simba's Pride (1998) and The Lion King 1½ (2004). In the original film, the adult Nala was voiced by American actress Moira Kelly. Young Nala's speaking voice is provided by actress Niketa Calame, while singers Laura Williams and Sally Dworsky provide the singing voices of young and adult Nala respectively.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Nala is a fictional lioness, a character who appears in the Disney Lion King franchise. Introduced in the animated film The Lion King in 1994, Nala subsequently appears as a less prominent character in the film's sequels The Lion King II: Simba's Pride (1998) and The Lion King 1½ (2004). In the original film, the adult Nala was voiced by American actress Moira Kelly. Young Nala's speaking voice is provided by actress Niketa Calame, while singers Laura Williams and Sally Dworsky provide the singing voices of young and adult Nala respectively.",
"short_answers": [
"Laura Williams",
"Moira Kelly",
"Niketa Calame",
"Sally Dworsky"
]
} |
who sings god gave rock and roll to you | [
"the British band Argent",
"Petra",
"Kiss"
] | [
{
"title": "God Gave Rock and Roll to You",
"text": "a big hit for the band in many parts of the world, including making the Top Ten in the United Kingdom and Germany. It reached number 21 on \"Billboard'\"s Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in the US, as well as its video receiving heavy rotation on music t... | {
"title": "God Gave Rock and Roll to You",
"long_answer": "\"God Gave Rock and Roll to You\" is a 1973 song by the British band Argent and covered by both Petra, in 1977 and 1984, and Kiss in 1991, both with modified lyrics.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"God Gave Rock and Roll to You\" is a 1973 song by the British band Argent and covered by both Petra, in 1977 and 1984, and Kiss in 1991, both with modified lyrics.",
"short_answers": [
"Kiss",
"Petra",
"the British band Argent"
]
} |
who was in charge of the revolutionary war | [
"General George Washington",
"the king"
] | [
{
"title": "Codorus State Park",
"text": "employed as a deputy surveyor by the Penn Family. Stevenson organized wagons and supplies for the Forbes Campaign during the French and Indian War. When the British occupied Philadelphia and York became the capital of the Colonies, George Washington called on Steven... | {
"title": "American Revolution",
"long_answer": "Tensions erupted into battle between Patriot militia and British regulars when the king's army attempted to capture and destroy Colonial military supplies at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. The conflict then developed into a global war, during which the Patriots (and later their French, Spanish, and Dutch allies) fought the British and Loyalists in what became known as the American Revolutionary War (1775–83). Each of the thirteen colonies formed a Provincial Congress that assumed power from the old colonial governments and suppressed Loyalism, and from there they built a Continental Army under the leadership of General George Washington. The Continental Congress determined King George's rule to be tyrannical and infringing the colonists' rights as Englishmen, and they declared the colonies free and independent states on July 2, 1776. The Patriot leadership professed the political philosophies of liberalism and republicanism to reject monarchy and aristocracy, and they proclaimed that all men are created equal.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Tensions erupted into battle between Patriot militia and British regulars when the king's army attempted to capture and destroy Colonial military supplies at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. The conflict then developed into a global war, during which the Patriots (and later their French, Spanish, and Dutch allies) fought the British and Loyalists in what became known as the American Revolutionary War (1775–83). Each of the thirteen colonies formed a Provincial Congress that assumed power from the old colonial governments and suppressed Loyalism, and from there they built a Continental Army under the leadership of General George Washington. ",
"short_answers": [
"General George Washington",
"the king"
]
} |
when does the new mlp movie come out | [
"September 24, 2017",
"October 6, 2017",
"October 6, 2017"
] | [
{
"title": "ML (film)",
"text": "period to tell the tale. ML (film) ML is a 2018 Philippine independent film written and directed by Benedict Mique Jr., starring Eddie Garcia as a retired METROCOM Colonel suffering from dementia, leading him to believe that he is still living in the days of the Marcos dicta... | {
"title": "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film)",
"long_answer": "The film was produced by Allspark Pictures and DHX Media, using traditional animation created with Toon Boom Harmony. It premiered in New York City on September 24, 2017, and was released on October 6, 2017 in the United States and Canada through Lionsgate. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed over $52 million worldwide.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The film was produced by Allspark Pictures and DHX Media, using traditional animation created with Toon Boom Harmony. It premiered in New York City on September 24, 2017, and was released on October 6, 2017 in the United States and Canada through Lionsgate. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed over $52 million worldwide.",
"short_answers": [
"October 6, 2017",
"September 24, 2017"
]
} |
who made the first spanish landing on the mainland of north america | [
"1535",
"Christopher Columbus"
] | [
{
"title": "History of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States",
"text": "de Oñate. In all, Spaniards probed half of today's lower 48 states before the first English colonization attempt (Roanoke Island, 1585). The Spanish didn't just explore, they settled, creating the first permanent European s... | {
"title": "Spanish colonization of the Americas",
"long_answer": "Beginning with the 1492 arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean and continuing control of vast territory for over three centuries, the Spanish Empire would expand across the Caribbean Islands, half of South America, most of Central America and much of North America (including present day Mexico, Florida and the Southwestern and Pacific Coastal regions of the United States). It is estimated that during the colonial period (1492–1832), a total of 1.86 million Spaniards settled in the Americas and a further 3.5 million immigrated during the post-colonial era (1850–1950); the estimate is 250,000 in the 16th century, and most during the 18th century as immigration was encouraged by the new Bourbon Dynasty.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Beginning with the 1492 arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean and continuing control of vast territory for over three centuries, the Spanish Empire would expand across the Caribbean Islands, half of South America, most of Central America and much of North America (including present day Mexico, Florida and the Southwestern and Pacific Coastal regions of the United States). It is estimated that during the colonial period (1492–1832), a total of 1.86 million Spaniards settled in the Americas and a further 3.5 million immigrated during the post-colonial era (1850–1950); the estimate is 250,000 in the 16th century, and most during",
"short_answers": [
"Christopher Columbus"
]
} |
what is the ethnic background of the shib sibs | [
"Japanese"
] | [
{
"title": "Siah-Posh Kafirs",
"text": "Siah-Posh tribe living in Hindukush mountains descended from the ancient Kambojas While discussing the Kambojas, H. H. Wilson and several other authorities also acknowledge that there is an apparent trace of their (\"Kambojas' \") name in the Camojis of Kafirstan (Nur... | {
"title": "Maia Shibutani",
"long_answer": "Maia Harumi Shibutani was born on July 20, 1994, in New York City. She is the daughter of Chris Shibutani and Naomi Uyemura, both of Japanese descent, who met as Harvard musicians. She has an older brother, Alex Shibutani, who competes with her as her partner in the discipline of Ice Dance. She started figure skating at the age of 4 in 1998 in Old Greenwich, Connecticut, where she was a student at Greenwich Academy in Greenwich, Connecticut.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Maia Harumi Shibutani was born on July 20, 1994, in New York City. She is the daughter of Chris Shibutani and Naomi Uyemura, both of Japanese descent, who met as Harvard musicians. She has an older brother, Alex Shibutani, who competes with her as her partner in the discipline of Ice Dance. She started figure skating at the age of 4 in 1998 in Old Greenwich, Connecticut, where she was a student at Greenwich Academy in Greenwich, Connecticut.",
"short_answers": [
"Japanese"
]
} |
where was the film the remains of the day filmed | [
"Powderham Castle",
"Weston-super-Mare",
"Dyrham Park",
"Badminton House",
"Corsham Court",
"Limpley Stoke"
] | [
{
"title": "The Remains of the Day (film)",
"text": "The Remains of the Day (film) The Remains of the Day is a 1993 British-American drama film adapted from the Booker Prize-winning 1989 novel of the same name by Kazuo Ishiguro. The film was directed by James Ivory and produced by Ismail Merchant, Mike Nich... | {
"title": "The Remains of the Day (film)",
"long_answer": "A number of English country estates were used as locations for the film, partly owing to the persuasive power of Ismail Merchant, who was able to cajole permission for the production to borrow houses not normally open to the public. Among them were Dyrham Park for the exterior of the house and the driveway, Powderham Castle (staircase, hall, music room, bedroom; used for the aqua-turquoise stairway scenes), Corsham Court (library and dining room) and Badminton House (servants' quarters, conservatory, entrance hall). Luciana Arrighi, the production designer, scouted most of these locations. Scenes were also shot in Weston-super-Mare, which stood in for Clevedon. The pub where Mr Stevens stays is the Hop Pole in Limpley Stoke; the shop featured is also in Limpley Stoke. The pub where Miss Kenton and Mr Benn meet is the George Inn, Norton St Philip.",
"chunked_long_answer": "borrow houses not normally open to the public. Among them were Dyrham Park for the exterior of the house and the driveway, Powderham Castle (staircase, hall, music room, bedroom; used for the aqua-turquoise stairway scenes), Corsham Court (library and dining room) and Badminton House (servants' quarters, conservatory, entrance hall). Luciana Arrighi, the production designer, scouted most of these locations. Scenes were also shot in Weston-super-Mare, which stood in for Clevedon. The pub where Mr Stevens stays is the Hop Pole in Limpley Stoke; the shop featured is also in Limpley Stoke. The pub where Miss Kenton and Mr Benn meet",
"short_answers": [
"Badminton House",
"Corsham Court",
"Dyrham Park",
"Limpley Stoke",
"Powderham Castle",
"Weston-super-Mare"
]
} |
when did bird is the word come out | [
"1963"
] | [
{
"title": "Free Bird",
"text": "Free Bird \"Free Bird\", or \"Freebird\", is a power ballad performed by American rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd. The song was first featured on the band's debut album in 1973 and has been included on subsequent albums, including the unfaded-ending version of the original recordin... | {
"title": "Surfin' Bird",
"long_answer": "The Rivingtons followed up their 1962 Billboard Hot 100 hit \"Papa-Oom-Mow-Mow\" with the similar \"The Bird's the Word\" in 1963. The Trashmen had not heard this version but saw a band called The Sorensen Brothers playing it. They decided to play the song that night at their own gig. During this first performance, drummer and vocalist Steve Wahrer stopped playing and ad-libbed the \"Surfin' Bird\" middle section. Despite not knowing \"The Bird's the Word\" was a Rivingtons song, the similarity to \"Papa-Oom-Mow-Mow\" was obvious and The Trashmen added the chorus to the end of their new track.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Rivingtons followed up their 1962 Billboard Hot 100 hit \"Papa-Oom-Mow-Mow\" with the similar \"The Bird's the Word\" in 1963. The Trashmen had not heard this version but saw a band called The Sorensen Brothers playing it. They decided to play the song that night at their own gig. During this first performance, drummer and vocalist Steve Wahrer stopped playing and ad-libbed the \"Surfin' Bird\" middle section. Despite not knowing \"The Bird's the Word\" was a Rivingtons song, the similarity to \"Papa-Oom-Mow-Mow\" was obvious and The Trashmen added the chorus to the end of their new track.",
"short_answers": [
"1963"
]
} |
where was the remake of wake in fright filmed | [
"Broken",
"Broken Hill",
"Broken Hill and Sydney"
] | [
{
"title": "Wake in Fright",
"text": "and VHS releases. After the original film and sound elements were rescued by editor Anthony Buckley in 2004, the film was digitally remastered and given a 2009 re-release at Cannes and in Australian theatres to widespread acclaim; it was issued commercially on DVD and B... | {
"title": "Wake in Fright (miniseries)",
"long_answer": "Principal photography for Wake in Fright took place in Broken Hill and Sydney. Beginning on March 5, 2017, the shoot lasted five weeks.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography for Wake in Fright took place in Broken Hill and Sydney. Beginning on March 5, 2017, the shoot lasted five weeks.",
"short_answers": [
"Broken",
"Broken Hill",
"Broken Hill and Sydney"
]
} |
who is the actor who plays king joffrey | [
"Jack Gleeson"
] | [
{
"title": "Joffrey Baratheon",
"text": "\"Rolling Stone\" ranked the character #4 in their list of the \"40 Greatest TV Villains of All Time\". Author Martin described Joffrey as similar to \"five or six people that I went to school with ... a classic bully ... incredibly spoiled\". Joffrey Baratheon Joffr... | {
"title": "Jack Gleeson",
"long_answer": "Jack Gleeson (born 20 May 1992) is an Irish former actor, best known for his portrayal of Joffrey Baratheon in the HBO television series Game of Thrones.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Jack Gleeson (born 20 May 1992) is an Irish former actor, best known for his portrayal of Joffrey Baratheon in the HBO television series Game of Thrones.",
"short_answers": [
"Jack Gleeson"
]
} |
where did they film the royal tv series | [
"City of Bradford",
"the North Riding of Yorkshire",
"Scarborough",
"Whitby"
] | [
{
"title": "Kingdom (UK TV series)",
"text": "were filmed on Holkham beach featuring the Blues and Royals of the Household Cavalry, who have been based in nearby Watton. During September, scenes set in Stockport, Greater Manchester were filmed in King's Lynn and Halifax. Shooting concluded at the end of the... | {
"title": "The Royal",
"long_answer": "The show itself was shot within Whitby, Scarborough, City of Bradford and the North Riding of Yorkshire, and stars of The Royal included Ian Carmichael, Wendy Craig, Robert Daws, and Amy Robbins. The show itself generated its own spin-off, entitled The Royal Today, which used the same settings but in the present day.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The show itself was shot within Whitby, Scarborough, City of Bradford and the North Riding of Yorkshire, and stars of The Royal included Ian Carmichael, Wendy Craig, Robert Daws, and Amy Robbins. The show itself generated its own spin-off, entitled The Royal Today, which used the same settings but in the present day.",
"short_answers": [
"City of Bradford",
"Scarborough",
"Whitby",
"the North Riding of Yorkshire"
]
} |
type of disappearing lake found in limestone areas in the west of ireland | [
"turlough",
"turlough, or turlach",
"A turlough, or turlach"
] | [
{
"title": "Lough Lene",
"text": "1995. Since then, a further outbreak of the crayfish fungus plague has once again led to the disappearance of the species from Lough Lene. Lough Lene Lough Lene (Irish: \"Loch Léinn\") is a lake situated in north County Westmeath, Ireland, between the villages of Castlepoll... | {
"title": "Turlough (lake)",
"long_answer": "A turlough, or turlach, is a type of disappearing lake found mostly in limestone areas of Ireland, west of the River Shannon. The name comes from the Irish tuar, meaning \"dry\", with the suffix -lach, meaning \"a place\" (in an abstract sense). The -lach suffix is often mistakenly spelled and/or thought to refer to the word loch, the Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Scots word for \"lake\". The landforms are found in Irish karst (exposed limestone) areas.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A turlough, or turlach, is a type of disappearing lake found mostly in limestone areas of Ireland, west of the River Shannon. The name comes from the Irish tuar, meaning \"dry\", with the suffix -lach, meaning \"a place\" (in an abstract sense). The -lach suffix is often mistakenly spelled and/or thought to refer to the word loch, the Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Scots word for \"lake\". The landforms are found in Irish karst (exposed limestone) areas.",
"short_answers": [
"A turlough, or turlach",
"turlough",
"turlough, or turlach"
]
} |
who plays the prosecutor on law and order svu | [
"Raúl Eduardo Esparza"
] | [
{
"title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 11)",
"text": "28. She played , the new assistant district attorney for a four-episode arc. \"SVU\" executive producer Baer described her character as \"a funny adrenaline junkie who loves to be in the middle of everything and shares a past with Stabler.... | {
"title": "Raúl Esparza",
"long_answer": "Raúl Eduardo Esparza (born October 24, 1970) is an American stage and television actor, singer, and voice artist, best known for his role as New York Assistant District Attorney (ADA) Rafael Barba in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. He has received Tony nominations for his role as Philip Salon in the Boy George musical Taboo in 2004; Robert, an empty man devoid of connection in the musical comedy Company in 2006; a lazy and snarky man in Harold Pinter's The Homecoming; and an aggressive volatile movie producer in David Mamet's Speed the Plow. He played the role of Riff Raff on Broadway in the revival of The Rocky Horror Show and the role of Caractacus Potts in the Broadway musical Chitty Chitty Bang Bang.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Raúl Eduardo Esparza (born October 24, 1970) is an American stage and television actor, singer, and voice artist, best known for his role as New York Assistant District Attorney (ADA) Rafael Barba in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. He has received Tony nominations for his role as Philip Salon in the Boy George musical Taboo in 2004; Robert, an empty man devoid of connection in the musical comedy Company in 2006; a lazy and snarky man in Harold Pinter's The Homecoming; and an aggressive volatile movie producer in David Mamet's Speed the Plow. He played the role of Riff",
"short_answers": [
"Raúl Eduardo Esparza"
]
} |
when were the words under god added to the pledge | [
"on Flag Day in 1954",
"1954",
"Flag Day in 1954"
] | [
{
"title": "Pledge of Allegiance",
"text": "the phrase \"under God\" violates protections against the establishment of religion guaranteed in the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. In 2004, linguist Geoffrey Nunberg said the original supporters of the addition thought that they were simply quoting... | {
"title": "Pledge of Allegiance (United States)",
"long_answer": "The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. It was originally composed by Captain George Thatcher Balch, a Union Army Officer during the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City schools. The form of the pledge used today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892, and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942. The official name of The Pledge of Allegiance was adopted in 1945. The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day in 1954, when the words \"under God\" were added.",
"chunked_long_answer": "the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. It was originally composed by Captain George Thatcher Balch, a Union Army Officer during the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City schools. The form of the pledge used today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892, and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942. The official name of The Pledge of Allegiance was adopted in 1945. The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day in 1954, when the words \"under God\" were added.",
"short_answers": [
"1954",
"Flag Day in 1954",
"on Flag Day in 1954"
]
} |
who is directly elected according to the constitution | [
"senators"
] | [
{
"title": "National Assembly (Burundi)",
"text": "president of the republic. He took office on 26 August 2005. National Assembly (Burundi) The National Assembly is the lower chamber of Parliament in Burundi. It consists of 100 directly elected members (or deputies) and between 18 and 21 co-opted members wh... | {
"title": "Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"long_answer": "In 1911, the House of Representatives passed House Joint Resolution 39 proposing a constitutional amendment for direct election of senators. The original resolution passed by the House contained the following clause:",
"chunked_long_answer": "In 1911, the House of Representatives passed House Joint Resolution 39 proposing a constitutional amendment for direct election of senators. The original resolution passed by the House contained the following clause:",
"short_answers": [
"senators"
]
} |
when did the lion king start on broadway | [
"Broadway",
"October 15, 1997",
"July 8, 1997",
"November 13, 1997"
] | [
{
"title": "The Lion King (musical)",
"text": "honors, including six Tony Awards, one for Best Musical and Best Direction of a Musical, making director Julie Taymor the first woman to earn such an honor. The show opened in the West End's Lyceum Theatre on October 19, 1999, and is still running after more th... | {
"title": "The Lion King (musical)",
"long_answer": "The musical debuted on July 8, 1997 in Minneapolis, Minnesota at the Orpheum Theatre and was an instant success before premiering on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theater on October 15, 1997 in many previews with the official opening on November 13, 1997. On June 13, 2006, the Broadway production moved to the Minskoff Theatre to make way for the musical version of Mary Poppins, where it is still running after more than 6,700 performances. It is Broadway's third longest-running show in history and the highest grossing Broadway production of all time, having grossed more than $1 billion.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The musical debuted on July 8, 1997 in Minneapolis, Minnesota at the Orpheum Theatre and was an instant success before premiering on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theater on October 15, 1997 in many previews with the official opening on November 13, 1997. On June 13, 2006, the Broadway production moved to the Minskoff Theatre to make way for the musical version of Mary Poppins, where it is still running after more than 6,700 performances. It is Broadway's third longest-running show in history and the highest grossing Broadway production of all time, having grossed more than $1 billion.",
"short_answers": [
"July 8, 1997",
"November 13, 1997",
"October 15, 1997"
]
} |
when was the movie the wizard of oz made | [
"1939",
"August 25, 1939"
] | [
{
"title": "The Wizard of Oz (1933 film)",
"text": "by Carl W. Stalling. The film was originally made in Technicolor, but because it was made without proper licensing from the Technicolor Corporation (which limited use of its 3-strip process to Disney), it never received a theatrical release. A tornado swee... | {
"title": "The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)",
"long_answer": "The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Widely considered to be one of the greatest films in cinema history, it is the best-known and most commercially successful adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's book, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. It was directed primarily by Victor Fleming (who left production to take over direction on the troubled Gone with the Wind production). It stars Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale, alongside Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, Bert Lahr, Frank Morgan, Billie Burke and Margaret Hamilton, with Charley Grapewin, Pat Walshe and Clara Blandick, Terry (billed as Toto), and the Singer Midgets as the Munchkins.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Widely considered to be one of the greatest films in cinema history, it is the best-known and most commercially successful adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's book, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. It was directed primarily by Victor Fleming (who left production to take over direction on the troubled Gone with the Wind production). It stars Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale, alongside Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, Bert Lahr, Frank Morgan, Billie Burke and Margaret Hamilton, with Charley Grapewin, Pat Walshe and Clara Blandick, Terry (billed",
"short_answers": [
"1939"
]
} |
when does the next apollo book come out | [
"May 1, 2018"
] | [
{
"title": "The Hidden Oracle",
"text": "at the Harvard Book Store on the day of publication. \"The Hidden Oracle\" was released in the United States by Disney-Hyperion on May 3, 2016. An audiobook, narrated by Robbie Daymond, was published on the same date by Books on Tape. On May 4, Thorndike Press publis... | {
"title": "The Trials of Apollo",
"long_answer": "The Burning Maze is the third book in the series. It is scheduled to be released on May 1, 2018.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Burning Maze is the third book in the series. It is scheduled to be released on May 1, 2018.",
"short_answers": [
"May 1, 2018"
]
} |
what kind of dog is nana in snow dogs | [
"a Border Collie",
"Border Collie"
] | [
{
"title": "Hawridge Windmill",
"text": "Nana in the book \"Peter Pan\" and the model for the illustrations of the dog in the first edition of \"Peter Pan\" was Porthos, the Barries' St Bernard. When Porthos subsequently died the Barries replaced him with Luath, a Landseer (black and white Newfoundland) dog... | {
"title": "Snow Dogs",
"long_answer": "Ted travels to Tolketna to claim his inheritance from Lucy: seven Siberian Huskies and a Border Collie named Nana. In Tolketna, he discovers his roots. Totally out of his element, Ted experiences challenges he has never dreamed of: blizzards, thin ice, foxes, skunks, bears, an intimidating, crusty old mountain man named James \"Thunder Jack\" Johnson, and the aggressive, defiant lead dog, Demon. All of this happens with the buzzing excitement of the Arctic Challenge Sled Dog Race, which is only two weeks away.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Ted travels to Tolketna to claim his inheritance from Lucy: seven Siberian Huskies and a Border Collie named Nana. In Tolketna, he discovers his roots. Totally out of his element, Ted experiences challenges he has never dreamed of: blizzards, thin ice, foxes, skunks, bears, an intimidating, crusty old mountain man named James \"Thunder Jack\" Johnson, and the aggressive, defiant lead dog, Demon. All of this happens with the buzzing excitement of the Arctic Challenge Sled Dog Race, which is only two weeks away.",
"short_answers": [
"Border Collie",
"a Border Collie"
]
} |
is aluminium a ferrous or non ferrous metal | [
"non-ferrous"
] | [
{
"title": "Ferroaluminum",
"text": "Ferroaluminum Ferroaluminum (FeAl) is a ferroalloy, consisting of iron and aluminium. The metal usually consists of 40% to 60% aluminium and applications of ferroaluminum include the deoxidation of steel, hardfacing applications, reducing agent, thermite reactions, AlNiC... | {
"title": "Non-ferrous metal",
"long_answer": "Generally more expensive than ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals are used because of desirable properties such as low weight (e.g. aluminium), higher conductivity (e.g. copper), non-magnetic property or resistance to corrosion (e.g. zinc). Some non-ferrous materials are also used in the iron and steel industries. For example, bauxite is used as flux for blast furnaces, while others such as wolframite, pyrolusite and chromite are used in making ferrous alloys.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Generally more expensive than ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals are used because of desirable properties such as low weight (e.g. aluminium), higher conductivity (e.g. copper), non-magnetic property or resistance to corrosion (e.g. zinc). Some non-ferrous materials are also used in the iron and steel industries. For example, bauxite is used as flux for blast furnaces, while others such as wolframite, pyrolusite and chromite are used in making ferrous alloys.",
"short_answers": [
"non-ferrous"
]
} |
where is lord's prayer found in bible | [
"in the Gospel of Luke"
] | [
{
"title": "Lord's Prayer",
"text": "not in all. Older English translations of the Bible, based on late Byzantine Greek manuscripts, included it, but it is excluded in critical editions of the New Testament, such as that of the United Bible Societies. It is absent in the oldest manuscripts and is not consid... | {
"title": "Lord's Prayer",
"long_answer": "Two versions of this prayer are recorded: the long form in the Gospel of Matthew in the middle of the Sermon on the Mount, and the short form in the Gospel of Luke when \"one of his disciples said to him, 'Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples.'\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "Two versions of this prayer are recorded: the long form in the Gospel of Matthew in the middle of the Sermon on the Mount, and the short form in the Gospel of Luke when \"one of his disciples said to him, 'Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples.'\"",
"short_answers": [
"in the Gospel of Luke"
]
} |
how are leaders of the two parties in congress chosen | [
"Senate Republican Conference",
"Senate Democratic Caucus"
] | [
{
"title": "National Congress of Brazil",
"text": "common for politicians to switch parties and the proportion of congressional seats held by each party would often change. However, a decision of the Supreme Federal Court has ruled that the seats belong to the parties and not to the politicians, and that on... | {
"title": "Party leaders of the United States Senate",
"long_answer": "The Senate Majority and Minority Leaders are two United States Senators and members of the party leadership of the United States Senate. These leaders serve as the chief Senate spokespeople for the political parties respectively holding the majority and the minority in the United States Senate, and manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate. They are elected to their positions in the Senate by their respective party caucuses, the Senate Democratic Caucus and the Senate Republican Conference.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Senate Majority and Minority Leaders are two United States Senators and members of the party leadership of the United States Senate. These leaders serve as the chief Senate spokespeople for the political parties respectively holding the majority and the minority in the United States Senate, and manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate. They are elected to their positions in the Senate by their respective party caucuses, the Senate Democratic Caucus and the Senate Republican Conference.",
"short_answers": [
"Senate Democratic Caucus",
"Senate Republican Conference"
]
} |
three act puccini opera first performed in 1900 | [
"Tosca"
] | [
{
"title": "Madama Butterfly",
"text": "it in the summer of that year. The original version of the opera, in two acts, had its premiere on 17 February 1904 at Teatro alla Scala in Milan. It was poorly received, despite such notable singers as soprano Rosina Storchio, tenor Giovanni Zenatello and baritone Gi... | {
"title": "Tosca",
"long_answer": "Tosca (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtoska; ˈtɔska]) is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa. It premiered at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome on 14 January 1900. The work, based on Victorien Sardou's 1887 French-language dramatic play, La Tosca, is a melodramatic piece set in Rome in June 1800, with the Kingdom of Naples's control of Rome threatened by Napoleon's invasion of Italy. It contains depictions of torture, murder and suicide, as well as some of Puccini's best-known lyrical arias.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Tosca (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtoska; ˈtɔska]) is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa. It premiered at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome on 14 January 1900. The work, based on Victorien Sardou's 1887 French-language dramatic play, La Tosca, is a melodramatic piece set in Rome in June 1800, with the Kingdom of Naples's control of Rome threatened by Napoleon's invasion of Italy. It contains depictions of torture, murder and suicide, as well as some of Puccini's best-known lyrical arias.",
"short_answers": [
"Tosca"
]
} |
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