Split (1)

train · 18.6k rows

question stringlengths 29 100	answers list	ctxs list	nq_annotated_gold dict
who has trained the most melbourne cup winners	[ "Bart Cummings" ]	[ { "title": "Melbourne Cup", "text": "successful trainer in New Zealand, however, at the time women were not allowed to compete as trainers in Australia so her husband's name was officially recorded as the winning trainer. The 2001 edition was won by New Zealand mare Ethereal, trained by Sheila Laxon, the fi...	{ "title": "Melbourne Cup", "long_answer": "1877 is also the year that the trainer Etienne de Mestre won his fourth Melbourne Cup with Chester owned by Hon. James White. In 1878, as in previous years De Mestre fielded more than one horse. He entered the favourite Firebell (owned by W.S. Cox) who finished last, Chester (owned by Hon. James White) the previous year's winner who fell, and Calamia (owned by de Mestre) who, though less fancied, won easily by two lengths. First prize was £1,790, the crowd was 80,000 and there were 30 starters. De Mestre's 1878 win with Calamia brought to 5 the number of Melbourne Cups he had won. This record was not to be matched for nearly 100 years when the trainer Bart Cummings won his fifth Melbourne Cup in 1975. Bart Cummings, regarded as the best Australian horse trainer of all time, went on to win 12 Melbourne Cups to 2008.", "chunked_long_answer": "(owned by Hon. James White) the previous year's winner who fell, and Calamia (owned by de Mestre) who, though less fancied, won easily by two lengths. First prize was £1,790, the crowd was 80,000 and there were 30 starters. De Mestre's 1878 win with Calamia brought to 5 the number of Melbourne Cups he had won. This record was not to be matched for nearly 100 years when the trainer Bart Cummings won his fifth Melbourne Cup in 1975. Bart Cummings, regarded as the best Australian horse trainer of all time, went on to win 12 Melbourne Cups to 2008.", "short_answers": [ "Bart Cummings" ] }
who was involved in the mapp vs ohio case	[ "Dollree Mapp" ]	[ { "title": "Mapp v. Ohio", "text": "Mapp v. Ohio Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961), was a landmark case in criminal procedure, in which the United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against \"unreasonable searches and seizures,\" may not ...	{ "title": "Mapp v. Ohio", "long_answer": "Dollree Mapp was an employee in the illegal gambling rackets dominated by Cleveland rackets kingpin Shon Birns. On May 23, 1957, police officers in Cleveland, Ohio, received an anonymous tip by phone that Virgil Ogletree, a numbers operator who was wanted for questioning in the bombing of rival numbers racketeer and future boxing promoter Don King's home three days earlier, might be found at Mapp's house, as well as illegal betting slips and equipment employed in the \"California Gold\" numbers operation set up by Mapp's boyfriend Edward Keeling. Three officers went to the home and asked for permission to enter, but Mapp, after consulting her lawyer by telephone, refused to admit them without a search warrant. Two officers left, and one remained, watching the house from across the street.", "chunked_long_answer": "Dollree Mapp was an employee in the illegal gambling rackets dominated by Cleveland rackets kingpin Shon Birns. On May 23, 1957, police officers in Cleveland, Ohio, received an anonymous tip by phone that Virgil Ogletree, a numbers operator who was wanted for questioning in the bombing of rival numbers racketeer and future boxing promoter Don King's home three days earlier, might be found at Mapp's house, as well as illegal betting slips and equipment employed in the \"California Gold\" numbers operation set up by Mapp's boyfriend Edward Keeling. Three officers went to the home and asked for permission to enter,", "short_answers": [ "Dollree Mapp" ] }
who was kat slater's sisters in eastenders	[ "Zoe", "Little Mo", "Lynne" ]	[ { "title": "Slater family (EastEnders)", "text": "was later confirmed to be Stacey's half-brother. In May 2016, accredited actress Denise Welch appeared in one episode of the soap, episode 5276, as Kyle's mother Alison Slater, who has not seen him since his transition. On 3 April 2015, it was announced that...	{ "title": "Lynne Hobbs", "long_answer": "Lynne is the eldest of the Slater sisters and she arrives in Albert Square in 2000 with her family: father Charlie (Derek Martin); sisters Kat (Jessie Wallace), Little Mo (Kacey Ainsworth) and Zoe (Michelle Ryan), and grandmother Mo (Laila Morse). Unlike Little Mo and Zoe, Lynne is aware that Zoe is in fact Kat's daughter and helps keep the family secret until Kat reveals the truth to Zoe.", "chunked_long_answer": "Lynne is the eldest of the Slater sisters and she arrives in Albert Square in 2000 with her family: father Charlie (Derek Martin); sisters Kat (Jessie Wallace), Little Mo (Kacey Ainsworth) and Zoe (Michelle Ryan), and grandmother Mo (Laila Morse). Unlike Little Mo and Zoe, Lynne is aware that Zoe is in fact Kat's daughter and helps keep the family secret until Kat reveals the truth to Zoe.", "short_answers": [ "Little Mo", "Lynne", "Zoe" ] }
when did the philadelphia eagles play in the super bowl last	[ "Super Bowl LII" ]	[ { "title": "2004 Philadelphia Eagles season", "text": "rehab his ankle, guaranteeing that if the Eagles made it to the Super Bowl, he would be ready to play in it. The Eagles, not trying to win their last two games, finished with a franchise best 13–3 record. weather= 32 °F (Sunny) With expectations high, t...	{ "title": "Super Bowl XXXIX", "long_answer": "The Eagles and the Patriots met again in Super Bowl LII, following the 2017 season, with the Eagles taking their revenge 41–33.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Eagles and the Patriots met again in Super Bowl LII, following the 2017 season, with the Eagles taking their revenge 41–33.", "short_answers": [ "Super Bowl LII" ] }
what is the cross on a letter t called	[ "arm", "crossbar" ]	[ { "title": "Cross", "text": "a foreshadowing (a \"type\") of the cross (the letter Tau) and of Jesus (the letters Iota Eta). Clement's contemporary Tertullian rejects the accusation that Christians are \"crucis religiosi\" (i.e. \"adorers of the gibbet\"), and returns the accusation by likening the worship ...	{ "title": "Typeface anatomy", "long_answer": "A main vertical stroke is called a stem. The letter m has three, the left, middle, and right stems. The central stroke of an s is called the spine. When the stroke is part of a lowercase and rises above the height of an x (called the x height), it is called an ascender. Letters with ascenders are b d f h k l. A stroke which drops below the baseline is a descender. Letters with descenders are g j p q y. An arching stroke is called a shoulder as in the top of an R or sometimes just an arch, as in h n m. A closed curved stroke is called a bowl in b d o p q D O P Q ; B has two bowls. A trailing outstroke, as in j y J Q R is called a tail. The inferior diagonal stroke in K is called leg. A short horizontal stroke, as in the center of e f and the middle stroke of E F, is called a bar. When the strokes connect as in A and H or cross strokes as in t is also known as crossbar. A longer horizontal stroke at the top or bottom, as in E T, is called an arm. The bottom of the two-story g is called a loop; the very short stroke at the top is called the ear. i j each have a dot, jot, or tittle. Angles of strokes are called apices if at the top and vertices if at the bottom. w has one apex and two vertices; v has one vertex.", "chunked_long_answer": "a tail. The inferior diagonal stroke in K is called leg. A short horizontal stroke, as in the center of e f and the middle stroke of E F, is called a bar. When the strokes connect as in A and H or cross strokes as in t is also known as crossbar. A longer horizontal stroke at the top or bottom, as in E T, is called an arm. The bottom of the two-story g is called a loop; the very short stroke at the top is called the ear. i j each have a dot, jot, or tittle.", "short_answers": [ "arm", "crossbar" ] }
who plays the evil doctor in wonder woman	[ "Elena Anaya", "Spanish actress Elena Anaya" ]	[ { "title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)", "text": "offered a different role (as a villain) in \"Man of Steel\", which she declined because she was pregnant at the time; this allowed her to later be cast as Wonder Woman in the film's follow-up. Gadot signed a three-picture deal. She was paid a base salary of $3...	{ "title": "Doctor Poison", "long_answer": "The original Princess Maru incarnation of the character made her cinematic debut in the 2017 film Wonder Woman, portrayed by Spanish actress Elena Anaya.", "chunked_long_answer": "The original Princess Maru incarnation of the character made her cinematic debut in the 2017 film Wonder Woman, portrayed by Spanish actress Elena Anaya.", "short_answers": [ "Elena Anaya", "Spanish actress Elena Anaya" ] }
who starred in the movie summer of 42	[ "Oliver Conant", "Christopher Norris", "Gary Grimes", "Katherine Allentuck", "Jennifer O'Neill", "Jerry Houser", "Robert Mulligan", "Maureen Stapleton" ]	[ { "title": "Summer of '42 (book)", "text": "Summer of '42 (book) Summer of '42 is a novel written by Herman Raucher, based upon his screenplay and personal experience. In 2002 TCPalms interview, Herman Raucher mentions that the 1971 film with the same title gave birth to the book \"Summer of '42.\" Raucher ...	{ "title": "Summer of '42", "long_answer": "The film was directed by Robert Mulligan, and starred Gary Grimes as Hermie, Jerry Houser as his best friend Oscy, Oliver Conant as their nerdy young friend Benjie, Jennifer O'Neill as Hermie's mysterious love interest, and Katherine Allentuck and Christopher Norris as a pair of girls whom Hermie and Oscy attempt to seduce. Mulligan also has an uncredited role as the voice of the adult Hermie. Maureen Stapleton (Allentuck's real-life mother) also appears in a small, uncredited voice role (calling after Hermie as he leaves the house in an early scene, and after he enters his room in a later scene).", "chunked_long_answer": "The film was directed by Robert Mulligan, and starred Gary Grimes as Hermie, Jerry Houser as his best friend Oscy, Oliver Conant as their nerdy young friend Benjie, Jennifer O'Neill as Hermie's mysterious love interest, and Katherine Allentuck and Christopher Norris as a pair of girls whom Hermie and Oscy attempt to seduce. Mulligan also has an uncredited role as the voice of the adult Hermie. Maureen Stapleton (Allentuck's real-life mother) also appears in a small, uncredited voice role (calling after Hermie as he leaves the house in an early scene, and after he enters his room in a later scene).", "short_answers": [ "Christopher Norris", "Gary Grimes", "Jennifer O'Neill", "Jerry Houser", "Katherine Allentuck", "Maureen Stapleton", "Oliver Conant" ] }
what album is sacrifice by elton john on	[ "Sleeping with the Past.", "Sleeping with the Past" ]	[ { "title": "Sacrifice (song)", "text": "55 in the UK and at number 18 in the US in March 1990. In mid-1990 English DJ Steve Wright began playing the song on BBC Radio 1, soon followed by many more radio DJs. The song was then re-released as a double A-side single, along with \"Healing Hands\", and reached n...	{ "title": "Sacrifice (song)", "long_answer": "\"Sacrifice\" is a ballad performed by musician Elton John. The lyrics are by Bernie Taupin and the music by John. The song appears on the 1989 album Sleeping with the Past. It was first released in October 1989, then in 1990, and was the second single from the album. It achieved success, particularly in France and the UK, where it became his first solo chart-topper, spending five weeks at the top.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Sacrifice\" is a ballad performed by musician Elton John. The lyrics are by Bernie Taupin and the music by John. The song appears on the 1989 album Sleeping with the Past. It was first released in October 1989, then in 1990, and was the second single from the album. It achieved success, particularly in France and the UK, where it became his first solo chart-topper, spending five weeks at the top.", "short_answers": [ "Sleeping with the Past", "Sleeping with the Past." ] }
when did they replace lead with graphite in pencils	[ "never contained the element lead" ]	[ { "title": "Graphite", "text": "in this fashion in 2005. The ability to leave marks on paper and other objects gave graphite its name, given in 1789 by German mineralogist Abraham Gottlob Werner. It stems from \"graphein\", meaning \"to write\" or \"draw\" in Ancient Greek. From the 16th century, all pencil...	{ "title": "Pencil", "long_answer": "As a technique for drawing, the closest predecesor to the pencil was Silverpoint until in 1565 (some sources say as early as 1500), a large deposit of graphite was discovered on the approach to Grey Knotts from the hamlet of Seathwaite in Borrowdale parish, Cumbria, England. This particular deposit of graphite was extremely pure and solid, and it could easily be sawn into sticks. It remains the only large-scale deposit of graphite ever found in this solid form. Chemistry was in its infancy and the substance was thought to be a form of lead. Consequently, it was called plumbago (Latin for \"lead ore\"). Because the pencil core is still referred to as \"lead\", or a \"lead\", many people have the misconception that the graphite in the pencil is lead, and the black core of pencils is still referred to as lead, even though it never contained the element lead. The words for pencil in German (bleistift), Irish (peann luaidhe), Arabic (قلم رصاص qalam raṣāṣ), and some other languages literally mean lead pen.", "chunked_long_answer": "ever found in this solid form. Chemistry was in its infancy and the substance was thought to be a form of lead. Consequently, it was called plumbago (Latin for \"lead ore\"). Because the pencil core is still referred to as \"lead\", or a \"lead\", many people have the misconception that the graphite in the pencil is lead, and the black core of pencils is still referred to as lead, even though it never contained the element lead. The words for pencil in German (bleistift), Irish (peann luaidhe), Arabic (قلم رصاص qalam raṣāṣ), and some other languages literally mean lead pen.", "short_answers": [ "never contained the element lead" ] }
where can you find dna in the body	[ "chromosomes in a cell", "inside the cell nucleus" ]	[ { "title": "Forensic identification", "text": "often not as demanding to be considered admissible in court. Forensic DNA analysis can be a useful tool in aiding forensic identification because DNA is found in almost all cells of our bodies except red blood cells. Deoxyribonucleic acid is located in two diff...	{ "title": "DNA", "long_answer": "Within eukaryotic cells, DNA is organized into long structures called chromosomes. During cell division these chromosomes are duplicated in the process of DNA replication, providing each cell its own complete set of chromosomes. Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Within the eukaryotic chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are transcribed.", "chunked_long_answer": "Within eukaryotic cells, DNA is organized into long structures called chromosomes. During cell division these chromosomes are duplicated in the process of DNA replication, providing each cell its own complete set of chromosomes. Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Within the eukaryotic chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control", "short_answers": [ "inside the cell nucleus" ] }
who won the most medals in the 1924 winter olympics	[ "Norway" ]	[ { "title": "Johan Grøttumsbråten", "text": "Johan Grøttumsbråten Johan Hagbart Pedersen Grøttumsbraaten (12 February 1899 – 24 January 1983) was a Norwegian skier who competed in Nordic combined and cross-country. Dominating both events in the 1920s and early 1930s, he won several medals in the early Winte...	{ "title": "1924 Winter Olympics medal table", "long_answer": "The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games, and known at the time as Semaine Internationale des Sports d'Hiver (\"International Winter Sports Week\"), was a winter multi-sport event held in Chamonix, France, from 25 January to 5 February 1924. Norway topped the table, collecting seventeen medals in total, including four gold, three of which were won by Thorleif Haug in the nordic combined and cross-country skiing events. Norway also achieved two podium sweeps, winning all three medals in both the 50 km cross-country skiing and the nordic combined. This remained a record at the Winter Olympics until 2014.", "chunked_long_answer": "The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games, and known at the time as Semaine Internationale des Sports d'Hiver (\"International Winter Sports Week\"), was a winter multi-sport event held in Chamonix, France, from 25 January to 5 February 1924. Norway topped the table, collecting seventeen medals in total, including four gold, three of which were won by Thorleif Haug in the nordic combined and cross-country skiing events. Norway also achieved two podium sweeps, winning all three medals in both the 50 km cross-country skiing and the nordic combined. This remained a record at the Winter Olympics", "short_answers": [ "Norway" ] }
what is the final season of downton abbey	[ "the sixth", "sixth", "six", "the sixth series", "Six" ]	[ { "title": "Downton Abbey (series 2)", "text": "Downton Abbey (series 2) The second series of the British historical period drama television series \"Downton Abbey\" aired from 18 September 2011 to 6 November 2011, comprising a total of 8 episodes and one Christmas Special episode aired on 25 December 2011....	{ "title": "List of Downton Abbey episodes", "long_answer": "Downton Abbey is a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece. It first aired on ITV in the United Kingdom on 26 September 2010, and on PBS in the United States on 9 January 2011, as part of the Masterpiece Classic anthology. Six series have been made, the sixth airing in the autumn of 2015 in the UK and Ireland, and in January 2016 in the United States. On 26 March 2015, the sixth series was confirmed to be the final series, with the final episode airing in the UK on 25 December 2015 on ITV. During the course of the programme, 52 episodes of Downton Abbey aired over six series.", "chunked_long_answer": "It first aired on ITV in the United Kingdom on 26 September 2010, and on PBS in the United States on 9 January 2011, as part of the Masterpiece Classic anthology. Six series have been made, the sixth airing in the autumn of 2015 in the UK and Ireland, and in January 2016 in the United States. On 26 March 2015, the sixth series was confirmed to be the final series, with the final episode airing in the UK on 25 December 2015 on ITV. During the course of the programme, 52 episodes of Downton Abbey aired over six series.", "short_answers": [ "Six", "six", "sixth", "the sixth", "the sixth series" ] }
which site of an enzyme is called allosteric site	[ "regulatory site" ]	[ { "title": "Active site", "text": "Structures) however allows the comparison of active sites in more detail and the finding of structural similarity using software. An allosteric site is a site on an enzyme, unrelated to its active site, which can bind an effector molecule. This interaction is another mecha...	{ "title": "Regulatory site", "long_answer": "A regulatory site (also known as an \"allosteric site\") is a site on an allosteric protein to which a modulator molecule (or allosteric regulator) binds. This ligand-binding site on a receptor or enzyme is distinct from the active site. Allosteric modulators alter enzyme activity by binding to the regulatory site. Some allosteric regulators activate enzymes, while others inhibit them. The working hypothesis is that when allosteric regulators bind to the regulatory site, the protein undergoes conformational changes which changes the enzyme's activity.", "chunked_long_answer": "A regulatory site (also known as an \"allosteric site\") is a site on an allosteric protein to which a modulator molecule (or allosteric regulator) binds. This ligand-binding site on a receptor or enzyme is distinct from the active site. Allosteric modulators alter enzyme activity by binding to the regulatory site. Some allosteric regulators activate enzymes, while others inhibit them. The working hypothesis is that when allosteric regulators bind to the regulatory site, the protein undergoes conformational changes which changes the enzyme's activity.", "short_answers": [ "regulatory site" ] }
what caused the breakup of the democratic republican party	[ "the disputed 1824 presidential election" ]	[ { "title": "1880 South Carolina gubernatorial election", "text": "Reconstruction, how the splintering campaigns by the Independent Republicans in 1872 and 1874 caused the eventual downfall of the regular Republicans in 1876. He pointed out the rise of agrarian dissatisfaction in the state by the organizatio...	{ "title": "Democratic-Republican Party", "long_answer": "In the aftermath of the disputed 1824 presidential election, the separate factions took on many characteristics of parties in their own right. Adams' supporters, in league with Clay, favored modernization, banks, industrial development and federal spending for roads and other internal improvements, which the Old Republicans and the Jackson men usually opposed. Writing in his personal journal on December 13, 1826, President Adams noted the difficulty he faced in attempting to be nonpartisan in appointing men to office:", "chunked_long_answer": "In the aftermath of the disputed 1824 presidential election, the separate factions took on many characteristics of parties in their own right. Adams' supporters, in league with Clay, favored modernization, banks, industrial development and federal spending for roads and other internal improvements, which the Old Republicans and the Jackson men usually opposed. Writing in his personal journal on December 13, 1826, President Adams noted the difficulty he faced in attempting to be nonpartisan in appointing men to office:", "short_answers": [ "the disputed 1824 presidential election" ] }
who sings the song you'll never find another love like mine	[ "Lou Rawls" ]	[ { "title": "You'll Never Find Another Love like Mine", "text": "the same chords, and has a similar sound. Rocco DiSpirito and Karina Smirnoff also danced the rumba to this song in week 2 of season 7 of \"Dancing with the Stars\". \"You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine\" has been covered by singers Micha...	{ "title": "You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine", "long_answer": "\"You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine\" (written by Kenny Gamble & Leon Huff) is a song performed by R&B singer Lou Rawls on his 1976 album All Things in Time. The song proved to be Rawls' breakthrough hit, reaching number one on both the R&B and Easy Listening charts as well as number four on the dance chart and number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, where it was kept from the top spot for two weeks by \"You Should Be Dancing\" by The Bee Gees and \"(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty\" by KC and the Sunshine Band, respectively. This was the first and only time that one of Rawls' records managed to reach Billboard's pop top ten. It was the first big hit for Philadelphia International to feature the reformulated MFSB, after many of the original members left Gamble and Huff for better opportunities. The song started Rawls' live shows from 1977 on.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine\" (written by Kenny Gamble & Leon Huff) is a song performed by R&B singer Lou Rawls on his 1976 album All Things in Time. The song proved to be Rawls' breakthrough hit, reaching number one on both the R&B and Easy Listening charts as well as number four on the dance chart and number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, where it was kept from the top spot for two weeks by \"You Should Be Dancing\" by The Bee Gees and \"(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty\" by KC and the Sunshine", "short_answers": [ "Lou Rawls" ] }
where was the original flight of the phoenix filmed	[ "20th Century-Fox Studios", "Buttercup Valley, Arizona", "Pilot Knob Mesa, California" ]	[ { "title": "The Flight of the Phoenix (1965 film)", "text": "landings, and on one touchdown the fuselage buckled. The movie model broke apart and cartwheeled, killing Mantz and seriously injuring stuntman Bobby Rose on board. Although principal photography was completed on August 13, 1965, in order to compl...	{ "title": "The Flight of the Phoenix (1965 film)", "long_answer": "Principal photography started April 26, 1965, at the 20th Century-Fox Studios and 20th Century-Fox Ranch, California. Other filming locations, simulating the desert, were Buttercup Valley, Arizona and Pilot Knob Mesa, California. The flying sequences were all filmed at Pilot Knob Mesa near Winterhaven, located in California's Imperial Valley, on the western fringes of Yuma, Arizona.", "chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography started April 26, 1965, at the 20th Century-Fox Studios and 20th Century-Fox Ranch, California. Other filming locations, simulating the desert, were Buttercup Valley, Arizona and Pilot Knob Mesa, California. The flying sequences were all filmed at Pilot Knob Mesa near Winterhaven, located in California's Imperial Valley, on the western fringes of Yuma, Arizona.", "short_answers": [ "20th Century-Fox Studios", "Buttercup Valley, Arizona", "Pilot Knob Mesa, California" ] }
who warned europe to stay out of the americas	[ "Monroe Doctrine", "Roosevelt Corollary" ]	[ { "title": "Dark Future", "text": "has been the leader since, carrying out heavy rationing and implied dictatorial actions, with John Lennon the head of the Labour Party. In place of the Bay of Pigs, there was a major American invasion of Cuba that saw Castro outed. Continental Europe has been unified into ...	{ "title": "Roosevelt Corollary", "long_answer": "The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03. The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03. The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly.", "short_answers": [ "Monroe Doctrine", "Roosevelt Corollary" ] }
where does the formation of atp take place	[ "plasma membrane in bacteria", "inner mitochondrial membrane", "thylakoid membrane", "mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes" ]	[ { "title": "Adenosine triphosphate", "text": "by oxidative phosphorylation. The oxidation of NADH results in the synthesis of 2–3 equivalents of ATP, and the oxidation of one FADH yields between 1–2 equivalents of ATP. The majority of cellular ATP is generated by this process. Although the citric acid cycle...	{ "title": "ATP synthase", "long_answer": "The formation of ATP from ADP and Pi is energetically unfavorable and would normally proceed in the reverse direction. In order to drive this reaction forward, ATPase couples ATP synthesis during cellular respiration to an electrochemical gradient created by the difference in proton (H) concentration across the mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane in bacteria. During photosynthesis in plants, ATP is synthesized by ATPase using a proton gradient created in the thylakoid lumen through the thylakoid membrane and into the chloroplast stroma.", "chunked_long_answer": "The formation of ATP from ADP and Pi is energetically unfavorable and would normally proceed in the reverse direction. In order to drive this reaction forward, ATPase couples ATP synthesis during cellular respiration to an electrochemical gradient created by the difference in proton (H) concentration across the mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane in bacteria. During photosynthesis in plants, ATP is synthesized by ATPase using a proton gradient created in the thylakoid lumen through the thylakoid membrane and into the chloroplast stroma.", "short_answers": [ "mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes", "plasma membrane in bacteria" ] }
who wrote song what a friend we have in jesus	[ "Charles Crozat Converse", "Joseph M. Scriven", "William Bolcom" ]	[ { "title": "What a Friend We Have in Jesus", "text": "the 1973 film \"O Lucky Man!\" and later became a hit when used in the 1987 Volkswagen Golf television commercial. The tune was in the labor protest movement due to its wide popularity. \"Dump the Bosses Off Your Backs\" (words by John Brill) was publish...	{ "title": "What a Friend We Have in Jesus", "long_answer": "\"What a Friend We Have in Jesus\" is a Christian hymn originally written by Joseph M. Scriven as a poem in 1855 to comfort his mother who was living in Ireland while he was in Canada. Scriven originally published the poem anonymously, and only received full credit for it in the 1880s. The tune to the hymn was composed by Charles Crozat Converse in 1868. William Bolcom composed a setting of the hymn.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"What a Friend We Have in Jesus\" is a Christian hymn originally written by Joseph M. Scriven as a poem in 1855 to comfort his mother who was living in Ireland while he was in Canada. Scriven originally published the poem anonymously, and only received full credit for it in the 1880s. The tune to the hymn was composed by Charles Crozat Converse in 1868. William Bolcom composed a setting of the hymn.", "short_answers": [ "Charles Crozat Converse", "Joseph M. Scriven", "William Bolcom" ] }
who is the guy who walked across the twin towers	[ "Philippe Petit" ]	[ { "title": "The Walk (2015 film)", "text": "it had reconstructions of the top two stories of the tower and a wire approximately twelve feet off the ground, which was connected out across a green abyss and was anchored on a pole. To learn more about what it was like, Gordon-Levitt also walked the distance be...	{ "title": "Philippe Petit", "long_answer": "Philippe Petit (French pronunciation: [filip pəti]; born 13 August 1949) is a French high-wire artist who gained fame for his high-wire walk between the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, on the morning of August 7, 1974 as well as his high wire walk between the Notre Dame cathedral in Paris, 1971. For his unauthorized feat 400 metres (1,000 feet) above the ground – which he referred to as \"le coup\" – he rigged a 200-kilogram (440-pound) cable and used a custom-made 8-metre (30-foot) long, 25-kilogram (55-pound) balancing pole. He performed for 45 minutes, making eight passes along the wire. The following week, he celebrated his 25th birthday. All charges were dismissed in exchange for him doing a performance in Central Park for children.", "chunked_long_answer": "Philippe Petit (French pronunciation: [filip pəti]; born 13 August 1949) is a French high-wire artist who gained fame for his high-wire walk between the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, on the morning of August 7, 1974 as well as his high wire walk between the Notre Dame cathedral in Paris, 1971. For his unauthorized feat 400 metres (1,000 feet) above the ground – which he referred to as \"le coup\" – he rigged a 200-kilogram (440-pound) cable and used a custom-made 8-metre (30-foot) long, 25-kilogram (55-pound) balancing pole. He performed for 45 minutes, making", "short_answers": [ "Philippe Petit" ] }
where do the royalties for winnie the pooh go	[ "the Slesinger family", "Slesinger, Inc." ]	[ { "title": "A. A. Milne", "text": "had been paying twice-yearly royalties to these beneficiaries. The estate of E. H. Shepard also received a sum in the deal. The UK copyright on the text of the original Winnie the Pooh books expires on 1 January 2027; at the beginning of the year after the 70th anniversary...	{ "title": "Winnie-the-Pooh", "long_answer": "On 19 February 2007 Disney lost a court case in Los Angeles which ruled their \"misguided claims\" to dispute the licensing agreements with Slesinger, Inc. were unjustified, but a federal ruling of 28 September 2009, again from Judge Florence-Marie Cooper, determined that the Slesinger family had granted all trademark and copyright rights to Disney, although Disney must pay royalties for all future use of the characters. Both parties have expressed satisfaction with the outcome.", "chunked_long_answer": "On 19 February 2007 Disney lost a court case in Los Angeles which ruled their \"misguided claims\" to dispute the licensing agreements with Slesinger, Inc. were unjustified, but a federal ruling of 28 September 2009, again from Judge Florence-Marie Cooper, determined that the Slesinger family had granted all trademark and copyright rights to Disney, although Disney must pay royalties for all future use of the characters. Both parties have expressed satisfaction with the outcome.", "short_answers": [ "Slesinger, Inc.", "the Slesinger family" ] }
all the motor neurons that control the skeletal muscles are	[ "efferent nerves", "Somatic motor neurons", "Somatic" ]	[ { "title": "Motor pool (neuroscience)", "text": "each motor pool is tightly controlled by complex developmental pathways. Distinct skeletal muscles are controlled by groups of individual motor units. Such motor units are made up of a single motor neuron and the muscle fibers that it innervates. Motor neuron...	{ "title": "Motor neuron", "long_answer": "Somatic motor neurons originate in the central nervous system, project their axons to skeletal muscles (such as the muscles of the limbs, abdominal, and intercostal muscles), which are involved in locomotion. The three types of these neurons are the alpha efferent neurons, beta efferent neurons, and gamma efferent neurons. They are called efferent to indicate the flow of information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the periphery.", "chunked_long_answer": "Somatic motor neurons originate in the central nervous system, project their axons to skeletal muscles (such as the muscles of the limbs, abdominal, and intercostal muscles), which are involved in locomotion. The three types of these neurons are the alpha efferent neurons, beta efferent neurons, and gamma efferent neurons. They are called efferent to indicate the flow of information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the periphery.", "short_answers": [ "Somatic", "Somatic motor neurons" ] }
how old is the actress who plays phyllis on y&r	[ "Gina Tognoni", "age 44" ]	[ { "title": "Kelly Andrews (The Young and the Restless)", "text": "on the process of gaining the role of Kelly. She revealed, \"I got an email from \"Y&R\" casting director, Judy Blye Wilson asking me to send a reel of my work over for the possibility that they may need to recast Cynthia Watros, because it l...	{ "title": "Gina Tognoni", "long_answer": "Gina Tognoni /toʊnˈjoʊni/ (born November 28, 1973) is an American actress, best known for her work with American daytime soap operas. Her most notable performances include Kelly Cramer on One Life to Live and Dinah Marler on Guiding Light. She is currently starring as Phyllis Summers on The Young and the Restless.", "chunked_long_answer": "Gina Tognoni /toʊnˈjoʊni/ (born November 28, 1973) is an American actress, best known for her work with American daytime soap operas. Her most notable performances include Kelly Cramer on One Life to Live and Dinah Marler on Guiding Light. She is currently starring as Phyllis Summers on The Young and the Restless.", "short_answers": [ "Gina Tognoni" ] }
who has scored more goals in the premier league	[ "Alan Shearer" ]	[ { "title": "Edin Džeko", "text": "Manchester United in the FA Community Shield. In his third Premier League game of this season, Džeko scored four goals against Tottenham Hotspur. In this game, Džeko broke another record by becoming the first Manchester City player to score four goals in one Premier League...	{ "title": "List of Premier League players with 100 or more goals", "long_answer": "During the 1995–96 season, Alan Shearer became the first player to score 100 Premier League goals, and holds the record for the fewest games taken to reach 100, doing so in 124 appearances. He also holds the record for most goals scored in the Premier League. After Shearer, Harry Kane is the second-fastest to 100 goals, doing so in 141 games.", "chunked_long_answer": "During the 1995–96 season, Alan Shearer became the first player to score 100 Premier League goals, and holds the record for the fewest games taken to reach 100, doing so in 124 appearances. He also holds the record for most goals scored in the Premier League. After Shearer, Harry Kane is the second-fastest to 100 goals, doing so in 141 games.", "short_answers": [ "Alan Shearer" ] }
total number of mna in pakistan national assembly	[ "332 members", "332" ]	[ { "title": "National Assembly of Pakistan", "text": "National Assembly of Pakistan The National Assembly of Pakistan () is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also comprises the President of Pakistan and Senate of Pakistan (upper house). The National Assembly and the Senate both convene a...	{ "title": "National Assembly of Pakistan", "long_answer": "The Pakistani National Assembly (Urdu: قومی اسمبلئ پاکستان‬‎— Qaumī Asimbli'e Pākistān); is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also comprises the President of Pakistan and Senate (upper house). The National Assembly and the Senate both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad. The National Assembly is a democratically elected body consisting of a total of 332 members who are referred to as Members of the National Assembly (MNAs), of which 272 are directly elected members and 70 reserved seats for women and religious minorities. A political party must secure 172 seats to obtain and preserve a majority.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Pakistani National Assembly (Urdu: قومی اسمبلئ پاکستان‬‎— Qaumī Asimbli'e Pākistān); is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also comprises the President of Pakistan and Senate (upper house). The National Assembly and the Senate both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad. The National Assembly is a democratically elected body consisting of a total of 332 members who are referred to as Members of the National Assembly (MNAs), of which 272 are directly elected members and 70 reserved seats for women and religious minorities. A political party must secure 172 seats to obtain and preserve a majority.", "short_answers": [ "332", "332 members" ] }
who played stumpy in the movie rio bravo	[ "Walter Brennan" ]	[ { "title": "Rio Bravo (film)", "text": "is ordered to take the men to the jail to let Joe go. He is reluctant to do so, but Dude implores Chance to cooperate, saying that Stumpy is alone and has no food or water to hold out very long. The remaining Burdette men at the hotel take Dude hostage and Nathan Burd...	{ "title": "Rio Bravo (film)", "long_answer": "Chance's friend Pat Wheeler (Ward Bond) and his wagon train of supplies stop in town, with a young gunslinger, Colorado Ryan (Ricky Nelson), riding guard. Inside the jail, Stumpy (Walter Brennan), Chance's game-legged deputy, keeps watch over the jail and Joe, who knows that Stumpy holds an old grudge against Joe's wealthy and powerful brother. Joe warns his jailers that Nathan Burdette will not like how his brother is being treated.", "chunked_long_answer": "Chance's friend Pat Wheeler (Ward Bond) and his wagon train of supplies stop in town, with a young gunslinger, Colorado Ryan (Ricky Nelson), riding guard. Inside the jail, Stumpy (Walter Brennan), Chance's game-legged deputy, keeps watch over the jail and Joe, who knows that Stumpy holds an old grudge against Joe's wealthy and powerful brother. Joe warns his jailers that Nathan Burdette will not like how his brother is being treated.", "short_answers": [ "Walter Brennan" ] }
where is the protien made in the cell	[ "in the cell nucleus", "cell nucleus" ]	[ { "title": "Proline", "text": "follow along with the typical Ramachandran plot, along with glycine. Due to the ring formation connected to the beta carbon, the ψ and φ angles about the peptide bond have fewer allowable degrees of rotation. As a result, it is often found in \"turns\" of proteins as its free ...	{ "title": "Protein biosynthesis", "long_answer": "Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus, where the DNA is held. The DNA structure of the cell is made up of two helixes made up of sugar and phosphate held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases of opposite strands. The sugar and the phosphate in each strand are joined together by stronger phosphodiester covalent bonds. The DNA is \"unzipped\" (disruption of hydrogen bonds between different single strands) by the enzyme helicase, leaving the single nucleotide chain open to be copied. RNA polymerase reads the DNA strand from the 3-prime (3') end to the 5-prime (5') end, while it synthesizes a single strand of messenger RNA in the 5'-to-3' direction. The general RNA structure is very similar to the DNA structure, but in RNA the nucleotide uracil takes the place that thymine occupies in DNA. The single strand of mRNA leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores, and migrates into the cytoplasm.", "chunked_long_answer": "Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus, where the DNA is held. The DNA structure of the cell is made up of two helixes made up of sugar and phosphate held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases of opposite strands. The sugar and the phosphate in each strand are joined together by stronger phosphodiester covalent bonds. The DNA is \"unzipped\" (disruption of hydrogen bonds between different single strands) by the enzyme helicase, leaving the single nucleotide chain open to be copied. RNA polymerase reads the DNA strand from the 3-prime (3') end to the 5-prime (5') end, while it synthesizes", "short_answers": [ "cell nucleus", "in the cell nucleus" ] }
if there is a line that lies parallel to the horizon it is said to be	[ "A vanishing point" ]	[ { "title": "Horizon", "text": "science of graphical perspective. Assuming the picture plane stands vertical to ground, and \"P\" is the perpendicular projection of the eye point \"O\" on the picture plane, the horizon is defined as the horizontal line through \"P\". The point \"P\" is the vanishing point of...	{ "title": "Vanishing point", "long_answer": "A vanishing point is a point on the image plane of a perspective drawing where the two-dimensional perspective projections (or drawings) of mutually parallel lines in three-dimensional space appear to converge. When the set of parallel lines is perpendicular to a picture plane, the construction is known as one-point perspective, and their vanishing point corresponds to the oculus, or \"eye point\", from which the image should be viewed for correct perspective geometry. Traditional linear drawings use objects with one to three sets of parallels, defining one to three vanishing points.", "chunked_long_answer": "A vanishing point is a point on the image plane of a perspective drawing where the two-dimensional perspective projections (or drawings) of mutually parallel lines in three-dimensional space appear to converge. When the set of parallel lines is perpendicular to a picture plane, the construction is known as one-point perspective, and their vanishing point corresponds to the oculus, or \"eye point\", from which the image should be viewed for correct perspective geometry. Traditional linear drawings use objects with one to three sets of parallels, defining one to three vanishing points.", "short_answers": [ "A vanishing point" ] }
when's the last time the philadelphia eagles played the new england patriots	[ "in Super Bowl LII" ]	[ { "title": "2004 New England Patriots season", "text": "game, some Eagles players revealed that McNabb was so sick that he had trouble calling the plays.) The Eagles failed to recover their ensuing onside kick attempt. The Patriots then played it safe by running the ball 3 times and forcing Philadelphia to ...	{ "title": "Super Bowl XXXIX", "long_answer": "The Eagles and the Patriots met again in Super Bowl LII, following the 2017 season, with the Eagles taking their revenge 41–33.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Eagles and the Patriots met again in Super Bowl LII, following the 2017 season, with the Eagles taking their revenge 41–33.", "short_answers": [ "in Super Bowl LII" ] }
what was the purpose of a revival meeting during the second great awakening	[ "evangelizing" ]	[ { "title": "Camp meeting", "text": "force in religion since the 1740s and the First Great Awakening, but in the days of the camp meeting, \"revivalism became the dominant religious culture.\" These sorts of meetings contributed greatly to what became known as the Second Great Awakening. A particularly large...	{ "title": "Second Great Awakening", "long_answer": "The Second Great Awakening occurred in several episodes and over different denominations; however, the revivals were very similar. As the most effective form of evangelizing during this period, revival meetings cut across geographical boundaries, and the movement quickly spread throughout Kentucky, Tennessee and southern Ohio. Each denomination had assets that allowed it to thrive on the frontier. The Methodists had an efficient organization that depended on itinerant ministers, known as circuit riders, who sought out people in remote frontier locations. The circuit riders came from among the common people, which helped them establish rapport with the frontier families they hoped to convert.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Second Great Awakening occurred in several episodes and over different denominations; however, the revivals were very similar. As the most effective form of evangelizing during this period, revival meetings cut across geographical boundaries, and the movement quickly spread throughout Kentucky, Tennessee and southern Ohio. Each denomination had assets that allowed it to thrive on the frontier. The Methodists had an efficient organization that depended on itinerant ministers, known as circuit riders, who sought out people in remote frontier locations. The circuit riders came from among the common people, which helped them establish rapport with the frontier families they hoped", "short_answers": [ "evangelizing" ] }
when was catch me if you can made	[ "2002" ]	[ { "title": "Catch Me Who Can", "text": "Catch Me Who Can Catch Me Who Can was the fourth and last steam railway locomotive created by the inventor and mining engineer Richard Trevithick. It was an evolution of three earlier locomotives which had been built for Coalbrookdale, Penydarren ironworks and Wylam c...	{ "title": "Catch Me If You Can", "long_answer": "Catch Me If You Can is a 2002 American biographical crime film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg from a screenplay by Jeff Nathanson. The film is based on the life of Frank Abagnale, who, before his 19th birthday, successfully performed cons worth millions of dollars by posing as a Pan American World Airways pilot, a Georgia doctor and a Louisiana parish prosecutor. His primary crime was check fraud; he became so experienced that the FBI eventually turned to him for help in catching other checking forgers. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hanks, with Christopher Walken, Martin Sheen, and Nathalie Baye in supporting roles.", "chunked_long_answer": "Catch Me If You Can is a 2002 American biographical crime film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg from a screenplay by Jeff Nathanson. The film is based on the life of Frank Abagnale, who, before his 19th birthday, successfully performed cons worth millions of dollars by posing as a Pan American World Airways pilot, a Georgia doctor and a Louisiana parish prosecutor. His primary crime was check fraud; he became so experienced that the FBI eventually turned to him for help in catching other checking forgers. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hanks, with Christopher Walken, Martin Sheen,", "short_answers": [ "2002" ] }
when did toyota first come to the united states	[ "1957" ]	[ { "title": "Toyota Crown", "text": "common to American automakers: a coast-to-coast endurance run from Los Angeles to New York. The Toyopet was barely able to limp into Las Vegas before the project had to be called off. Toyota's first export to the United States began with 30 Crown Deluxe's in June 1958 aft...	{ "title": "Toyota", "long_answer": "From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name \"Toyopet\" (トヨペット). The first vehicle sold under this name was the Toyopet SA, but it also included vehicles such as the Toyopet SB light truck, Toyopet Stout light truck, Toyopet Crown, Toyopet Master, and the Toyopet Corona. The word \"Toyopet (Japanese article)\" was a nickname given to the Toyota SA due to its small size, as the result of a naming contest the Toyota Company organized in 1947. However, when Toyota eventually entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due to connotations of toys and pets. The name was soon dropped for the American market, but continued in other markets until the mid-1960s.", "chunked_long_answer": "Toyopet SA, but it also included vehicles such as the Toyopet SB light truck, Toyopet Stout light truck, Toyopet Crown, Toyopet Master, and the Toyopet Corona. The word \"Toyopet (Japanese article)\" was a nickname given to the Toyota SA due to its small size, as the result of a naming contest the Toyota Company organized in 1947. However, when Toyota eventually entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due to connotations of toys and pets. The name was soon dropped for the American market, but continued in other markets until the mid-1960s.", "short_answers": [ "1957" ] }
what is the official symbol of the carnival of quebec	[ "Bonhomme Carnaval" ]	[ { "title": "Carnival", "text": "million. The Quebec Winter Carnival is the biggest winter-themed Carnival in the world. It depends on snowfall and very cold weather, to keep snowy ski trails in good condition and ice sculptures frozen. The carnival is held during the last days of January and first days of F...	{ "title": "Quebec Winter Carnival", "long_answer": "The Quebec Winter Carnival or the Carnaval de Québec is a pre-Lenten festival held in Quebec City. After being held intermittently since 1894, the Carnaval de Québec has been celebrated annually since 1955. That year Bonhomme Carnaval, the mascot of the festival, made his first appearance. Up to one million people attended the Carnaval de Québec in 2006 making it the largest winter festival in the world.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Quebec Winter Carnival or the Carnaval de Québec is a pre-Lenten festival held in Quebec City. After being held intermittently since 1894, the Carnaval de Québec has been celebrated annually since 1955. That year Bonhomme Carnaval, the mascot of the festival, made his first appearance. Up to one million people attended the Carnaval de Québec in 2006 making it the largest winter festival in the world.", "short_answers": [ "Bonhomme Carnaval" ] }
when is dancing on ice on the tv	[ "2019" ]	[ { "title": "Dancing on Ice", "text": "Dancing on Ice Dancing on Ice is a British television show presented by Phillip Schofield alongside Holly Willoughby from 2006 to 2011, and Christine Bleakley from 2012 to 2014. The show consists of celebrities and their professional partners figure skating in front of ...	{ "title": "Dancing on Ice", "long_answer": "It was confirmed on 25 January 2018, that Dancing on Ice had been recommissioned for an eleventh series to air in 2019.", "chunked_long_answer": "It was confirmed on 25 January 2018, that Dancing on Ice had been recommissioned for an eleventh series to air in 2019.", "short_answers": [ "2019" ] }
which apostle spoke at the council of jerusalem	[ "Paul", "James", "Barnabas", "Simon Peter" ]	[ { "title": "Epistle of Jude", "text": "he wrote his epistle, and to remember the words of the apostles spoken somewhat before. Jude then asks the reader to recall how even after the Lord saved his own people out of the land of Egypt, he did not hesitate to destroy those who fell into unbelief, much as he pu...	{ "title": "Council of Jerusalem", "long_answer": "At the Council, following advice offered by Simon Peter (Acts 15:7–11 and Acts 15:14), Barnabas and Paul gave an account of their ministry among the gentiles (Acts 15:12), and the apostle James quoted from the words of the prophet Amos (Acts 15:16–17, quoting Amos 9:11–12). James added his own words to the quotation: \"Known to God from eternity are all His works\" and then submitted a proposal, which was accepted by the Church and became known as the Apostolic Decree:", "chunked_long_answer": "At the Council, following advice offered by Simon Peter (Acts 15:7–11 and Acts 15:14), Barnabas and Paul gave an account of their ministry among the gentiles (Acts 15:12), and the apostle James quoted from the words of the prophet Amos (Acts 15:16–17, quoting Amos 9:11–12). James added his own words to the quotation: \"Known to God from eternity are all His works\" and then submitted a proposal, which was accepted by the Church and became known as the Apostolic Decree:", "short_answers": [ "Barnabas", "James", "Paul", "Simon Peter" ] }
who played daisy duke in the new dukes of hazzard	[ "Jessica Simpson" ]	[ { "title": "Daisy Duke", "text": "Daisy Duke Daisy Duke is a fictional character, played by Catherine Bach, from the American television series \"The Dukes of Hazzard\". She is the cousin of Bo and Luke, the main protagonists of the show, and the three live on a farm on the outskirts of Hazzard County with ...	{ "title": "The Dukes of Hazzard (film)", "long_answer": "Cousins Bo (Seann William Scott), Luke (Johnny Knoxville), and Daisy Duke (Jessica Simpson) run a moonshine business for their Uncle Jesse (Willie Nelson) in Hazzard County, Georgia. The cousins' primary mode of transportation is an orange 1969 Dodge Charger that the boys affectionately refer to as the \"General Lee\". Along the way, the family is tormented by corrupt Hazzard County Commissioner Jefferson Davis Hogg, widely known as \"Boss Hogg\" (Burt Reynolds), and his willing but dimwitted henchman, Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane (M. C. Gainey).", "chunked_long_answer": "Cousins Bo (Seann William Scott), Luke (Johnny Knoxville), and Daisy Duke (Jessica Simpson) run a moonshine business for their Uncle Jesse (Willie Nelson) in Hazzard County, Georgia. The cousins' primary mode of transportation is an orange 1969 Dodge Charger that the boys affectionately refer to as the \"General Lee\". Along the way, the family is tormented by corrupt Hazzard County Commissioner Jefferson Davis Hogg, widely known as \"Boss Hogg\" (Burt Reynolds), and his willing but dimwitted henchman, Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane (M. C. Gainey).", "short_answers": [ "Jessica Simpson" ] }
where is the country music hall of fame located	[ "Nashville, Tennessee" ]	[ { "title": "Country Music Foundation", "text": "Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum at the corner of 16th Avenue and Division on Music Row in Nashville, TN. The Country Music Foundation is still housed with the Hall of Fame and Museum at its new location at 222 5th Avenue South in Downtown Nashville when ...	{ "title": "Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum", "long_answer": "The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee, is one of the world's largest museums and research centers dedicated to the preservation and interpretation of American vernacular music. Chartered in 1964, the museum has amassed one of the world's most extensive musical collections.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee, is one of the world's largest museums and research centers dedicated to the preservation and interpretation of American vernacular music. Chartered in 1964, the museum has amassed one of the world's most extensive musical collections.", "short_answers": [ "Nashville, Tennessee" ] }
who do the characters represent in 8 mile	[ "loosely on Eminem" ]	[ { "title": "M-102 (Michigan highway)", "text": "by geographic markers such as rivers, hills, and trees, and were therefore rather irregular. Today, the baseline forms the northern or southern boundary of many southern Michigan counties. Tupac Shakur, Tim Roth, and Thandie Newton form the fictitious musical ...	{ "title": "8 Mile (film)", "long_answer": "The film is based loosely on Eminem's actual upbringing, and follows white rapper B-Rabbit (Eminem) and his attempt to launch a career in a genre dominated by African-Americans. The title is derived from 8 Mile Road, the highway between the predominantly black city of Detroit and Wayne County and the predominantly White Oakland County and Macomb County suburbs. It was filmed mostly on location.", "chunked_long_answer": "The film is based loosely on Eminem's actual upbringing, and follows white rapper B-Rabbit (Eminem) and his attempt to launch a career in a genre dominated by African-Americans. The title is derived from 8 Mile Road, the highway between the predominantly black city of Detroit and Wayne County and the predominantly White Oakland County and Macomb County suburbs. It was filmed mostly on location.", "short_answers": [ "loosely on Eminem" ] }
who has won india's next super star	[ "Natasha Bharadwaj", "Aman Gandotra" ]	[ { "title": "India's Next Superstars", "text": "eliminated every other episode. Two males and two females join in the middle of the competition as wild-card contestants. The two winners receive a three-film deal with Dharma Productions. As published in various media sources, Rani Mukherjee was supposed to ma...	{ "title": "India's Next Superstars", "long_answer": "India's Next Superstars is a talent-searcher Indian reality show, which premiered on Star Plus and is streamed on Hotstar. Karan Johar and Rohit Shetty are the judges for the show. Aman Gandotra and Natasha Bharadwaj are declared winners of 2018 season, alongside Shruti Sharma who won a 'Special Mention' award. Runners up in the male category were Aashish Mehrotra and Harshvardhan Deo and in the female category were Naina Singh and Shruti Sharma. ", "chunked_long_answer": "India's Next Superstars is a talent-searcher Indian reality show, which premiered on Star Plus and is streamed on Hotstar. Karan Johar and Rohit Shetty are the judges for the show. Aman Gandotra and Natasha Bharadwaj are declared winners of 2018 season, alongside Shruti Sharma who won a 'Special Mention' award. Runners up in the male category were Aashish Mehrotra and Harshvardhan Deo and in the female category were Naina Singh and Shruti Sharma.", "short_answers": [ "Aman Gandotra", "Natasha Bharadwaj" ] }
what was the first video game for nintendo	[ "Magnavox Odyssey", "EVR Race" ]	[ { "title": "Nintendo arcade machines", "text": "be \"Donkey Kong\" (1981) and \"Mario Bros.\" (1983). Many of Nintendo's games were also released for their Japan-only Color TV home console series, which played arcade games on home televisions. Nintendo's first series of home consoles was commercially succes...	{ "title": "History of Nintendo", "long_answer": "Their first video arcade game was 1975's EVR Race; a handful of others followed in the next several years, Radar Scope and Donkey Kong being among the most famous of these. The early 1980s saw Nintendo's video game division (led by Yokoi) creating some of its most famous arcade titles. The massively popular Donkey Kong was created in 1981, with Shigeru Miyamoto as its mastermind, and released in the arcades and on the Atari 2600, Intellivision, and ColecoVision video game systems (although Nintendo themselves generally had no involvement with these early console ports). This release method would be used on several later Nintendo arcade games of this same period, including the original Mario Bros. (not to be confused with the later Super Mario Bros.) In addition to this arcade and dedicated console game activity, Nintendo was testing the consumer handheld video game waters with the Game & Watch.", "chunked_long_answer": "Their first video arcade game was 1975's EVR Race; a handful of others followed in the next several years, Radar Scope and Donkey Kong being among the most famous of these. The early 1980s saw Nintendo's video game division (led by Yokoi) creating some of its most famous arcade titles. The massively popular Donkey Kong was created in 1981, with Shigeru Miyamoto as its mastermind, and released in the arcades and on the Atari 2600, Intellivision, and ColecoVision video game systems (although Nintendo themselves generally had no involvement with these early console ports). This release method would be used on", "short_answers": [ "EVR Race" ] }
who sings the theme song for the tv show cops	[ "Inner Circle", "Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle" ]	[ { "title": "The Cops (Australian band)", "text": "The Cops (Australian band) The Cops were an Australian rock band that formed in late 2003 by songwriter Simon Carter and bass player/keyboardist Rebecca Darwon (ex-Fyreflyes, Del-Emmas) in Sydney, New South Wales. Initially, Simon Carter began recording song...	{ "title": "Bad Boys (Inner Circle song)", "long_answer": "\"Bad Boys\" is a 1987 song by the Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle, which obtained high popularity in the United States after its re-release in 1993, peaking at number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 7 on the Top 40 Mainstream. It is well known as the opening theme to the U.S. TV show Cops.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Bad Boys\" is a 1987 song by the Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle, which obtained high popularity in the United States after its re-release in 1993, peaking at number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 7 on the Top 40 Mainstream. It is well known as the opening theme to the U.S. TV show Cops.", "short_answers": [ "Inner Circle", "Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle" ] }
who did the astros play last time they were in the world series	[ "White Sox", "Los Angeles Dodgers" ]	[ { "title": "2005 World Series", "text": "Jermaine Dye was hit by a pitched ball. The Astros brought in Chad Qualls, who promptly served up a grand slam to Paul Konerko on his first pitch, the 18th grand slam in the annals of the Fall Classic. In the top of the ninth, Sox closer Bobby Jenks blew the save on ...	{ "title": "2005 World Series", "long_answer": "This was the city of Chicago's first professional sports championship since the Chicago Fire won MLS Cup '98 (which came four months after the Chicago Bulls' sixth NBA championship that year). The next major Chicago sports championship came in 2010, when the NHL's Chicago Blackhawks ended a 49-year Stanley Cup title drought. With the Chicago Bears' win in Super Bowl XX and the Chicago Cubs' own World Series championship in 2016, all Chicago sports teams have won at least one major championship since 1985. Meanwhile, the Astros themselves made it back to the World Series in 2017, but this time as an AL team, where they defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in seven games, resulting in Houston's first professional sports championship since the 2006–07 Houston Dynamo won their back-to-back MLS Championships.", "chunked_long_answer": "The next major Chicago sports championship came in 2010, when the NHL's Chicago Blackhawks ended a 49-year Stanley Cup title drought. With the Chicago Bears' win in Super Bowl XX and the Chicago Cubs' own World Series championship in 2016, all Chicago sports teams have won at least one major championship since 1985. Meanwhile, the Astros themselves made it back to the World Series in 2017, but this time as an AL team, where they defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in seven games, resulting in Houston's first professional sports championship since the 2006–07 Houston Dynamo won their back-to-back MLS Championships.", "short_answers": [ "Los Angeles Dodgers" ] }
when was the minimum wage established in the united states	[ "1938", "1933", "1912" ]	[ { "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "text": "per hour ($11.65 in 2018 dollars). The real value of the Federal minimum wage in 2016 dollars has decreased by one-third since 1968. The minimum wage would be $11 in 2016 if its real value had remained at the 1968 level. From January 1981 to April 199...	{ "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "long_answer": "In 1933, the Roosevelt administration made the first attempt at establishing a national minimum wage, when a $0.25 per hour standard was set as part of the National Industrial Recovery Act. However, in the 1935 court case Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States (295 U.S. 495), the US Supreme Court declared the act unconstitutional, and the minimum wage was abolished. In 1938, the minimum wage was re-established pursuant to the Fair Labor Standards Act, once again at $0.25 per hour ($4.78 in 2017 dollars). In 1941, the Supreme Court upheld the Fair Labor Standards Act in United States v. Darby Lumber Co., holding that Congress had the power under the Commerce Clause to regulate employment conditions.", "chunked_long_answer": "In 1933, the Roosevelt administration made the first attempt at establishing a national minimum wage, when a $0.25 per hour standard was set as part of the National Industrial Recovery Act. However, in the 1935 court case Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States (295 U.S. 495), the US Supreme Court declared the act unconstitutional, and the minimum wage was abolished. In 1938, the minimum wage was re-established pursuant to the Fair Labor Standards Act, once again at $0.25 per hour ($4.78 in 2017 dollars). In 1941, the Supreme Court upheld the Fair Labor Standards Act in United States v. Darby", "short_answers": [ "1933", "1938" ] }
who sings theme tune to orange is the new black	[ "Spektor" ]	[ { "title": "Orange Is the New Black (season 1)", "text": "Editing for a Comedy Series and Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series (Uzo Aduba). Sentenced to 15 months for a crime committed 10 years earlier, Piper Chapman leaves her supportive fiancé Larry for her new home: a wom...	{ "title": "Regina Spektor", "long_answer": "Spektor wrote and recorded the main title theme song, \"You've Got Time\", for the Netflix Original series Orange Is the New Black, which premiered in July 2013. It was nominated in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards.", "chunked_long_answer": "Spektor wrote and recorded the main title theme song, \"You've Got Time\", for the Netflix Original series Orange Is the New Black, which premiered in July 2013. It was nominated in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards.", "short_answers": [ "Spektor" ] }
when did the the regulatory reform (fire safety) order 2005 first come into effect	[ "1 October 2006" ]	[ { "title": "Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005", "text": "and 12 documents pertaining specifically to a particular type of business premises. It does not normally apply to domestic premises. The guides available are Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order...	{ "title": "Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005", "long_answer": "The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (officially listed as The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 S.I. 2005 No. 1541) is a statutory instrument, applicable only in England and Wales. The Order places the responsibility on individuals within an organisation to carry out risk assessments to identify, manage and reduce the risk of fire. The Order was made into law on 7 June 2005 and came into force on 1 October 2006.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (officially listed as The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 S.I. 2005 No. 1541) is a statutory instrument, applicable only in England and Wales. The Order places the responsibility on individuals within an organisation to carry out risk assessments to identify, manage and reduce the risk of fire. The Order was made into law on 7 June 2005 and came into force on 1 October 2006.", "short_answers": [ "1 October 2006" ] }
who wrote lord have mercy on the working man	[ "Kostas" ]	[ { "title": "Lord Have Mercy on the Working Man", "text": "the album \"works best when Tritt sticks with the populist approach.\" Alanna Nash of \"Entertainment Weekly\" said of the song, \"Tritt finds a solid image for his laborer's lament[…]But the melody is so slight that he resorts to an acoustic arrange...	{ "title": "Lord Have Mercy on the Working Man", "long_answer": "\"Lord Have Mercy on the Working Man\" is a song written by Kostas and recorded by American country music singer Travis Tritt. It was released in August 1992 as the first of five singles from his third studio album, T-R-O-U-B-L-E. The song became Tritt's tenth entry on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, where it peaked at number 5.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Lord Have Mercy on the Working Man\" is a song written by Kostas and recorded by American country music singer Travis Tritt. It was released in August 1992 as the first of five singles from his third studio album, T-R-O-U-B-L-E. The song became Tritt's tenth entry on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, where it peaked at number 5.", "short_answers": [ "Kostas" ] }
a legislative act passed by congress is an example of	[ "statutory law" ]	[ { "title": "Act of Congress", "text": "Act of Congress An Act of Congress is a statute enacted by the United States Congress. It can either be a Public Law, relating to the general public, or a Private Law, relating to specific institutions or individuals. The term can be used in other countries with a legi...	{ "title": "List of United States federal legislation", "long_answer": "At the federal level in the United States, legislation (i.e., \"statutes\" or \"statutory law\") consists exclusively of Acts passed by the Congress of the United States and its predecessor, the Continental Congress, that were either signed into law by the President or passed by Congress after a presidential veto.", "chunked_long_answer": "At the federal level in the United States, legislation (i.e., \"statutes\" or \"statutory law\") consists exclusively of Acts passed by the Congress of the United States and its predecessor, the Continental Congress, that were either signed into law by the President or passed by Congress after a presidential veto.", "short_answers": [ "statutory law" ] }
what is the largest bill in american money	[ "$100" ]	[ { "title": "United States five-dollar bill", "text": "United States five-dollar bill The United States five-dollar bill ($5) is a denomination of United States currency. The current $5 bill features the 16th U.S. President (1861-65), Abraham Lincoln's portrait on the front and the Lincoln Memorial on the ba...	{ "title": "Large denominations of United States currency", "long_answer": "Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969. Since then, U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations: $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100.", "chunked_long_answer": "Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969. Since then, U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations: $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100.", "short_answers": [ "$100" ] }
where are unipolar neurons found in spinal cord	[ "the distal dorsal root" ]	[ { "title": "Unipolar neuron", "text": "Unipolar neuron A unipolar neuron is a type of neuron in which only one protoplasmic process (neurite) extends from the cell body. Most neurons are multipolar, generating several dendrites and an axon and there are also many bipolar neurons. Unipolar neurons that begin...	{ "title": "Pseudounipolar neuron", "long_answer": "The soma (cell body) of each pseudounipolar neuron is located within a dorsal root ganglion. The axon leaves the cell body (and out of the dorsal root ganglion) into the dorsal root, where it splits into two branches. The central branch goes to the posterior (dorsal) horn of the spinal cord, where it forms synapses with other neurons. The peripheral branch travels through the distal dorsal root into the spinal nerve all the way until skin, joint, and muscle.", "chunked_long_answer": "The soma (cell body) of each pseudounipolar neuron is located within a dorsal root ganglion. The axon leaves the cell body (and out of the dorsal root ganglion) into the dorsal root, where it splits into two branches. The central branch goes to the posterior (dorsal) horn of the spinal cord, where it forms synapses with other neurons. The peripheral branch travels through the distal dorsal root into the spinal nerve all the way until skin, joint, and muscle.", "short_answers": [ "the distal dorsal root" ] }
who want to be a millionaire calls his dad	[ "Carpenter" ]	[ { "title": "¿Quién quiere ser millonario? (Venezuelan game show)", "text": "any phone to the number 6724 and follow the instructions of the system. The call comes at a cost of 0.60 BSF BS or 595 plus the cost of local call and every text message will cost $0.50 F or 500 BS. Both options will be three quest...	{ "title": "John Carpenter (game show contestant)", "long_answer": "On the November 19, 1999, episode of Millionaire, Carpenter proceeded to advance to the million-dollar question without using any lifelines. He then used his Phone-A-Friend to call his father not for help, but rather to tell him he was going to win the game. Carpenter answered the question correctly and became the show's first millionaire. His win gave him national recognition and led to multiple talk show appearances, as well as reappearances on Millionaire itself.", "chunked_long_answer": "On the November 19, 1999, episode of Millionaire, Carpenter proceeded to advance to the million-dollar question without using any lifelines. He then used his Phone-A-Friend to call his father not for help, but rather to tell him he was going to win the game. Carpenter answered the question correctly and became the show's first millionaire. His win gave him national recognition and led to multiple talk show appearances, as well as reappearances on Millionaire itself.", "short_answers": [ "Carpenter" ] }
when was the last time villanova won the ncaa basketball championship	[ "2018" ]	[ { "title": "1985 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game", "text": "of causing the Wildcats to abandon their regular defense and shift to man-to-man coverage. The team's plan was foiled when a pass by Bill Martin deflected out of bounds off the shin of Broadnax. Under 30 seconds had gone off the ...	{ "title": "Villanova Wildcats", "long_answer": "The Villanova Wildcats compete in the Big East Conference and are coached by Jay Wright. The team has traditionally divides its home schedule between its on-campus arena, the William B. Finneran Pavilion, and the Wells Fargo Center in South Philadelphia, for larger draws. During the 2017-18 season, the team played its entire home schedule that season at the Wells Fargo Center following the reconstruction of the Pavilion scheduled to be completed in time for the 2018-19 school year. Wright has taken the Wildcats to 12 postseason appearances including 7 consecutive trips (2005–2011) and 5 consecutive trips (2013-2017) to the NCAA Tournament. The 2011-12 team struggled and missed postseason but Coach Wright brought a surprising young team back to the 2013 NCAA Tournament. Villanova has appeared in the NIT 17 times, winning in 1994, and won the Big East Tournament in 1995, 2015 and 2017. The Wildcats have appeared in the NCAA Men's Tournament 37 times, the 8th highest total in NCAA history have reached the Elite Eight 13 times. They have been to the Final Four of the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament on five occasions. The 1939 team coached by Al Severance reached the inaugural NCAA Final Four played at the Palestra for the 1939 NCAA Basketball Tournament. All-American Howard Porter led a Wildcat team coached by Jack Kraft to Final Four of the 1971 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament. Coach Rollie Massimino took Villanova to a surprising 1985 National Championship. Current Coach Jay Wright reached the Final Four at the 2009 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament behind Dante Cunningham and Scottie Reynolds. The team most recently won the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament for their third National Championship.", "chunked_long_answer": "During the 2017-18 season, the team played its entire home schedule that season at the Wells Fargo Center following the reconstruction of the Pavilion scheduled to be completed in time for the 2018-19 school year. Wright has taken the Wildcats to 12 postseason appearances including 7 consecutive trips (2005–2011) and 5 consecutive trips (2013-2017) to the NCAA Tournament. The 2011-12 team struggled and missed postseason but Coach Wright brought a surprising young team back to the 2013 NCAA Tournament. Villanova has appeared in the NIT 17 times, winning in 1994, and won the Big East Tournament in 1995, 2015 and 2017. The Wildcats have appeared in the NCAA Men's Tournament 37 times, the 8th highest total in NCAA history have reached the Elite Eight 13 times. They have been to the Final Four of the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament on five occasions. The 1939 team coached by Al Severance reached the inaugural NCAA Final Four played at the Palestra for the 1939 NCAA Basketball Tournament. All-American Howard Porter led a Wildcat team coached by Jack Kraft to Final Four of the 1971 NCAA University Division Basketball Tournament. Coach Rollie Massimino took Villanova to a surprising 1985 National Championship. Current Coach Jay Wright reached the Final Four at the 2009 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament behind Dante Cunningham and Scottie Reynolds. The team most recently won the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament for their third National Championship.", "short_answers": [ "2018" ] }
two examples where low voltage transformers are used	[ "doorbell installations", "toys" ]	[ { "title": "Transformer types", "text": "or between a high impedance instrument output and the low impedance input of a mixing console. Audio transformers that operate with loudspeaker voltages and current are larger than those that operate at microphone or line level, which carry much less power. Bridge tr...	{ "title": "Transformer types", "long_answer": "Other applications are short-circuit-proof extra-low voltage transformers for toys or doorbell installations.", "chunked_long_answer": "Other applications are short-circuit-proof extra-low voltage transformers for toys or doorbell installations.", "short_answers": [ "doorbell installations", "toys" ] }
what is the significance of the sahara desert	[ "the largest hot desert" ]	[ { "title": "Prehistoric North Africa", "text": "approximately where it is today, leading to the gradual desertification of the Sahara. The Sahara is now as dry as it was about 13,000 years ago. These conditions are responsible for what has been called the Sahara pump theory. During periods of a wet or \"Gre...	{ "title": "Sahara", "long_answer": "The Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʼ al-kubrá, 'the Great Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its area of 9,200,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi) is comparable to the area of China or the United States. The name 'Sahara' is derived from dialectal Arabic word for \"desert\", ṣaḥra (صحرا /ˈsˤaħra/).", "chunked_long_answer": "The Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʼ al-kubrá, 'the Great Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its area of 9,200,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi) is comparable to the area of China or the United States. The name 'Sahara' is derived from dialectal Arabic word for \"desert\", ṣaḥra (صحرا /ˈsˤaħra/).", "short_answers": [ "the largest hot desert" ] }
what causes cracked skin at the corners of your mouth	[ "allergies", "infection", "irritation" ]	[ { "title": "Angular cheilitis", "text": "but any substance capable of causing generalized allergic cheilitis may present involving the corners of the mouth alone. Examples of potential allergens include substances that may be present in some types of lipstick, toothpaste, acne products, cosmetics, chewing g...	{ "title": "Angular cheilitis", "long_answer": "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection, irritation, or allergies. Infections include by fungi such as Candida albicans and bacteria such as Staph. aureus. Irritants include poorly fitting dentures, licking the lips or drooling, mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth, sun exposure, overclosure of the mouth, smoking, and minor trauma. Allergies may include substances like toothpaste, makeup, and food. Often a number of factors are involved. Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function. Diagnosis may be helped by testing for infections and patch testing for allergies.", "chunked_long_answer": "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection, irritation, or allergies. Infections include by fungi such as Candida albicans and bacteria such as Staph. aureus. Irritants include poorly fitting dentures, licking the lips or drooling, mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth, sun exposure, overclosure of the mouth, smoking, and minor trauma. Allergies may include substances like toothpaste, makeup, and food. Often a number of factors are involved. Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function. Diagnosis may be helped by testing for infections and patch testing for allergies.", "short_answers": [ "allergies", "infection", "irritation" ] }
who captained the first european ship to sail around the tip of africa	[ "Bartolomeu Dias" ]	[ { "title": "Exploration", "text": "the South African coast. Explorers of routes from Europe towards Asia, the Indian Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean, include Vasco da Gama (1460–1524), a navigator who made the first trip from Europe to India and back by the Cape of Good Hope, discovering the ocean route to the...	{ "title": "Cape of Good Hope", "long_answer": "When following the western side of the African coastline from the equator, however, the Cape of Good Hope marks the point where a ship begins to travel more eastward than southward. Thus, the first modern rounding of the cape in 1488 by Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias was a milestone in the attempts by the Portuguese to establish direct trade relations with the Far East (although Herodotus mentioned a claim that the Phoenicians had done so far earlier). Dias called the cape Cabo das Tormentas (\"Cape of Storms\"; Dutch: Stormkaap), which was the original name of the \"Cape of Good Hope\".", "chunked_long_answer": "When following the western side of the African coastline from the equator, however, the Cape of Good Hope marks the point where a ship begins to travel more eastward than southward. Thus, the first modern rounding of the cape in 1488 by Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias was a milestone in the attempts by the Portuguese to establish direct trade relations with the Far East (although Herodotus mentioned a claim that the Phoenicians had done so far earlier). Dias called the cape Cabo das Tormentas (\"Cape of Storms\"; Dutch: Stormkaap), which was the original name of the \"Cape of Good Hope\".", "short_answers": [ "Bartolomeu Dias" ] }
who sang a whiter shade of pale first	[ "Procol Harum", "British rock band Procol Harum" ]	[ { "title": "A Whiter Shade of Pale", "text": "\"A Whiter Shade of Pale\" was jointly recognised as \"The Best British Pop Single 1952–1977\" at the BRIT Awards, part of Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee. In 1998 the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. In 2004, it appeared at number 57 on \"Rolling S...	{ "title": "A Whiter Shade of Pale", "long_answer": "\"A Whiter Shade of Pale\" is the debut single by the British rock band Procol Harum, released 12 May 1967. The single reached number one in the UK Singles Chart on 8 June 1967 and stayed there for six weeks. Without much promotion, it reached number 5 on the Bilboard pop chart in the United States. One of the anthems of the 1967 Summer of Love, it is one of fewer than 30 singles to have sold over 10 million copies worldwide.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"A Whiter Shade of Pale\" is the debut single by the British rock band Procol Harum, released 12 May 1967. The single reached number one in the UK Singles Chart on 8 June 1967 and stayed there for six weeks. Without much promotion, it reached number 5 on the Bilboard pop chart in the United States. One of the anthems of the 1967 Summer of Love, it is one of fewer than 30 singles to have sold over 10 million copies worldwide.", "short_answers": [ "British rock band Procol Harum", "Procol Harum" ] }
what material was used to build the roofs of houses in burzahom	[ "birch" ]	[ { "title": "Burzahom archaeological site", "text": "Menhirs, boulders formed due the varying temperatures, were brought down from the hills with great effort by the people and installed to mark notable events of the community. These are rough in shape, huge and of considerable weight and height, and are \"f...	{ "title": "Burzahom archaeological site", "long_answer": "The Burzahom site is a prehistoric settlement in the village of the same name in the Srinagar District. It is 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) to the northeast of Srinagar on the Naseem-Shalimar road. The elevation of the site is 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) above sea-level. It is the northernmost excavated Neolithic site of India. The site is on an ancient Pleistocene lake bed. The location is in a high terrace which is part of the floodplain of the Jhelum river and has Karewa soil (clay) formation. The site has a commanding view of the Dal lake which is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away. In the Kashmiri language 'Burzahom' means \"birch\", a tree species (that generally grows in the elevation range of 3,000 to 4,200 metres (9,800 to 13,800 ft) in the Himalayas), which is found in the excavated housing area in the form of roofing material, and thus confirming the existence of the tree even in the pre-historic Neolithic times.", "chunked_long_answer": "lake bed. The location is in a high terrace which is part of the floodplain of the Jhelum river and has Karewa soil (clay) formation. The site has a commanding view of the Dal lake which is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away. In the Kashmiri language 'Burzahom' means \"birch\", a tree species (that generally grows in the elevation range of 3,000 to 4,200 metres (9,800 to 13,800 ft) in the Himalayas), which is found in the excavated housing area in the form of roofing material, and thus confirming the existence of the tree even in the pre-historic Neolithic times.", "short_answers": [ "birch" ] }
when does the new season of law and order svu come on	[ "September 27, 2017" ]	[ { "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14)", "text": "have remembered.\" In September, Leight said in an interview with \"TV Guide\" that this season's theme would revolve around \"everybody having secrets\". On September 17, 2012, both Mariska Hargitay and Danny Pino tweeted that filming on ...	{ "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)", "long_answer": "The nineteenth season of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit premiered on September 27, 2017.", "chunked_long_answer": "The nineteenth season of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit premiered on September 27, 2017.", "short_answers": [ "September 27, 2017" ] }
in what part of the digestive tube do you expect the initial digestion of starch	[ "the mouth", "the minor salivary glands" ]	[ { "title": "Khanom chan", "text": "carbohydrate, not a starch. It is a composition of plants, vegetables and fruit. It is indigestible in the stomach but it is digested by microorganism when it passes the large intestine. This process causes fiber to change into carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and water w...	{ "title": "Human digestive system", "long_answer": "Within the oral mucosa (a mucous membrane) lining the mouth and also on the tongue and palates and mouth floor, are the minor salivary glands; their secretions are mainly mucous and are innervated by the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve). The glands also secrete amylase a first stage in the breakdown of food acting on the carbohydrate in the food to transform the starch content into maltose. There are other glands on the surface of the tongue that encircle taste buds on the back part of the tongue and these also produce lingual lipase. Lipase is a digestive enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of lipids (fats). These glands are termed Von Ebner's glands which have also been shown to have another function in the secretion of histatins which offer an early defense (outside of the immune system) against microbes in food, when it makes contact with these glands on the tongue tissue. Sensory information can stimulate the secretion of saliva providing the necessary fluid for the tongue to work with and also to ease swallowing of the food.", "chunked_long_answer": "Within the oral mucosa (a mucous membrane) lining the mouth and also on the tongue and palates and mouth floor, are the minor salivary glands; their secretions are mainly mucous and are innervated by the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve). The glands also secrete amylase a first stage in the breakdown of food acting on the carbohydrate in the food to transform the starch content into maltose. There are other glands on the surface of the tongue that encircle taste buds on the back part of the tongue and these also produce lingual lipase. Lipase is a digestive enzyme", "short_answers": [ "the minor salivary glands", "the mouth" ] }
who was the french chef given credit for developing the classic kitchen brigade	[ "Georges Auguste Escoffier" ]	[ { "title": "Auguste Escoffier School of Culinary Arts", "text": "merger, the school purchased an additional campus in Austin, Texas. The school is named after Auguste Escoffier, the renowned French chef who is hailed as the father of modern cuisine and known for creating the kitchen brigade system, à la car...	{ "title": "Brigade de cuisine", "long_answer": "The concept was developed by Georges Auguste Escoffier. This structured team system delegates responsibilities to different individuals who specialize in certain tasks in the kitchen.", "chunked_long_answer": "The concept was developed by Georges Auguste Escoffier. This structured team system delegates responsibilities to different individuals who specialize in certain tasks in the kitchen.", "short_answers": [ "Georges Auguste Escoffier" ] }
who sings stop listen what's that sound	[ "Buffalo Springfield" ]	[ { "title": "Stop, Look, Listen (To Your Heart)", "text": "Stop, Look, Listen (To Your Heart) \"Stop, Look, Listen (To Your Heart)\" is a soul song written by Thom Bell and Linda Creed that was originally recorded by the Philadelphia soul group the Stylistics. An R&B ballad, it was the first track from their...	{ "title": "For What It's Worth", "long_answer": "\"For What It's Worth (Stop, Hey What's That Sound)\" (often referred to as simply \"For What It's Worth\") is a song written by Stephen Stills. It was performed by Buffalo Springfield, recorded on December 5, 1966, and released as a single on Atco Records in January 1967. The single peaked at number seven on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. This song is currently ranked number 63 on Rolling Stone's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time as well as the eighth best song of 1967 by Acclaimed Music.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"For What It's Worth (Stop, Hey What's That Sound)\" (often referred to as simply \"For What It's Worth\") is a song written by Stephen Stills. It was performed by Buffalo Springfield, recorded on December 5, 1966, and released as a single on Atco Records in January 1967. The single peaked at number seven on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. This song is currently ranked number 63 on Rolling Stone's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time as well as the eighth best song of 1967 by Acclaimed Music.", "short_answers": [ "Buffalo Springfield" ] }
when do the walking dead comics come out	[ "October 2003 – present", "2003" ]	[ { "title": "The Walking Dead (comic book)", "text": "25: No Turning Back (Issues 145–150) Volume 26: Call to Arms (Issues 151–156) Volume 27: The Whisperer War (Issues 157–162) Volume 28: A Certain Doom (Issues 163–168) Volume 29: Lines We Cross (Issues 169–174) Volume 30: New World Order (Issues 175–180) V...	{ "title": "The Walking Dead (comic book)", "long_answer": "The Walking Dead debuted in 2003, published by Image Comics, with art by Tony Moore for the first six issues and Cliff Rathburn shading the art after issue five. Charlie Adlard took over as artist on issue #7, after he was approached by Kirkman. Moore also did the cover art for the first twenty-four issues and the first four trade paperbacks. The remainder were done by Adlard.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Walking Dead debuted in 2003, published by Image Comics, with art by Tony Moore for the first six issues and Cliff Rathburn shading the art after issue five. Charlie Adlard took over as artist on issue #7, after he was approached by Kirkman. Moore also did the cover art for the first twenty-four issues and the first four trade paperbacks. The remainder were done by Adlard.", "short_answers": [ "2003" ] }
who played mark on the show the rifleman	[ "John Ernest Crawford" ]	[ { "title": "Mark McCain", "text": "Mark McCain Mark McCain is the son of fictitious rancher Lucas McCain in the ABC Western television series \"The Rifleman,\" starring Chuck Connors, which ran from 1958 to 1963. Singer/actor and former Mouseketeer Johnny Crawford was cast in the role and was nominated for ...	{ "title": "Johnny Crawford", "long_answer": "John Ernest Crawford (born March 26, 1946) is an American character actor, singer, and musician. At age 12, Crawford rose to fame for playing Mark McCain, the son of Lucas McCain (played by Chuck Connors), in the popular ABC Western series, The Rifleman, which originally aired from 1958 to 1963. Crawford first performed before a national audience as a Mouseketeer.", "chunked_long_answer": "John Ernest Crawford (born March 26, 1946) is an American character actor, singer, and musician. At age 12, Crawford rose to fame for playing Mark McCain, the son of Lucas McCain (played by Chuck Connors), in the popular ABC Western series, The Rifleman, which originally aired from 1958 to 1963. Crawford first performed before a national audience as a Mouseketeer.", "short_answers": [ "John Ernest Crawford" ] }
who played ricky in secret life of the american teenager	[ "Daren Maxwell Kagasoff" ]	[ { "title": "Daren Kagasoff", "text": "Kagasoff decided to become an actor. After deciding to return to Los Angeles, Kagasoff landed the lead role in a local theater production of \"Suburbia,\" a play that the eponymous 1996 film was based upon. After studying acting, he began auditioning for television and ...	{ "title": "Daren Kagasoff", "long_answer": "Daren Maxwell Kagasoff [KA-guh-sawf] (born September 16, 1987) is an American actor. He is known for starring as Ricky Underwood on the ABC Family teen drama series The Secret Life of the American Teenager from 2008 to 2013.", "chunked_long_answer": "Daren Maxwell Kagasoff [KA-guh-sawf] (born September 16, 1987) is an American actor. He is known for starring as Ricky Underwood on the ABC Family teen drama series The Secret Life of the American Teenager from 2008 to 2013.", "short_answers": [ "Daren Maxwell Kagasoff" ] }
who had the longest tenure as moderator on meet the press	[ "Tim Russert" ]	[ { "title": "Face the Nation", "text": "after \"Face the Nation\"'s competitors, NBC's \"Meet the Press,\" ABC's \"This Week\", and \"Fox News Sunday\" all extended their programs to one-hour. The delay came from dispute among the network's affiliate stations. In 2015, Bob Schieffer, the longest-serving mode...	{ "title": "Meet the Press", "long_answer": "Network officials, concerned for the show's future, turned to Tim Russert, the network's Washington, D.C., bureau chief. He took over as moderator of Meet the Press on December 8, 1991, and remained with the program until his death on June 13, 2008, becoming the longest serving moderator in the program's history.", "chunked_long_answer": "Network officials, concerned for the show's future, turned to Tim Russert, the network's Washington, D.C., bureau chief. He took over as moderator of Meet the Press on December 8, 1991, and remained with the program until his death on June 13, 2008, becoming the longest serving moderator in the program's history.", "short_answers": [ "Tim Russert" ] }
when was where have all the flowers gone written	[ "1955" ]	[ { "title": "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?", "text": "of the first in May 1960 in Bloomington, Indiana. In 2010, the \"New Statesman\" listed it as one of the \"Top 20 Political Songs\". The song appeared on the compilation album \"Pete Seeger's Greatest Hits\" (1967) released by Columbia Records as CS 94...	{ "title": "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?", "long_answer": "\"Where Have All the Flowers Gone?\" is a modern folk-style song. The melody and the first three verses were written by Pete Seeger in 1955 and published in Sing Out! magazine. Additional verses were added in May 1960 by Joe Hickerson, who turned it into a circular song. Its rhetorical \"where?\" and meditation on death place the song in the ubi sunt tradition. In 2010, the New Statesman listed it as one of the \"Top 20 Political Songs\".", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Where Have All the Flowers Gone?\" is a modern folk-style song. The melody and the first three verses were written by Pete Seeger in 1955 and published in Sing Out! magazine. Additional verses were added in May 1960 by Joe Hickerson, who turned it into a circular song. Its rhetorical \"where?\" and meditation on death place the song in the ubi sunt tradition. In 2010, the New Statesman listed it as one of the \"Top 20 Political Songs\".", "short_answers": [ "1955" ] }
industrial city in germany on the rhine herne canal	[ "Henrichenburg", "Duisburg" ]	[ { "title": "Rhine–Herne Canal", "text": "mine. It is located at kilometer 38 of the canal, just upstream of the Herne Ost lock, on the north bank opposite the Hafen der Zeche Friedrich der Große (Frederick the Great mine port). The harbor basin was built from 1897 to 1898 when the section of the canal (the ...	{ "title": "Rhine–Herne Canal", "long_answer": "The Rhine–Herne Canal (German: Rhein-Herne-Kanal) is a 45.6-kilometre-long (28.3 mi) transportation canal in the Ruhr area of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with five canal locks. The canal was built over a period of eight years (5 April 1906 - 14 July 1914) and connects the harbour in Duisburg on the Rhine (51°26′59″N 6°46′1″E / 51.44972°N 6.76694°E / 51.44972; 6.76694) with the Dortmund-Ems Canal near Henrichenburg (51°37′1″N 7°19′19″E / 51.61694°N 7.32194°E / 51.61694; 7.32194), following the valley of the Emscher. It was widened in the 1980s. The Rhein-Herne canal ship was designed specifically for this canal; normally of about 1300–1350 ton capacity, it has a maximum draft of 2.50 metres (8.2 ft), a length of approximately 80 metres (260 ft), and maximum beam of 9.50 metres (31.2 ft).", "chunked_long_answer": "(German: Rhein-Herne-Kanal) is a 45.6-kilometre-long (28.3 mi) transportation canal in the Ruhr area of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with five canal locks. The canal was built over a period of eight years (5 April 1906 - 14 July 1914) and connects the harbour in Duisburg on the Rhine (51°26′59″N 6°46′1″E / 51.44972°N 6.76694°E / 51.44972; 6.76694) with the Dortmund-Ems Canal near Henrichenburg (51°37′1″N 7°19′19″E / 51.61694°N 7.32194°E / 51.61694; 7.32194), following the valley of the Emscher. It was widened in the 1980s. The Rhein-Herne canal ship was designed specifically for this canal; normally of about 1300–1350 ton capacity, it has a", "short_answers": [ "Duisburg", "Henrichenburg" ] }
what is a real world application of an atwood machine	[ "An elevator with a counterbalance" ]	[ { "title": "Atwood machine", "text": "Atwood machine The Atwood machine (or Atwood's machine) was invented in 1784 by the English mathematician George Atwood as a laboratory experiment to verify the mechanical laws of motion with constant acceleration. Atwood's machine is a common classroom demonstration us...	{ "title": "Atwood machine", "long_answer": "An elevator with a counterbalance approximates an ideal Atwood machine and thereby relieves the driving motor from the load of holding the elevator cab — it has to overcome only weight difference and inertia of the two masses. The same principle is used for funicular railways with two connected railway cars on inclined tracks, and for the elevators on the Eiffel Tower which counterbalance each other. Ski lifts are another example, where the gondolas move on a closed (continuous) pulley system up and down the mountain. The ski lift is similar to the counter-weighted elevator, but with a constraining force provided by the cable in the vertical dimension thereby achieving work in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions. Boat lifts are another type of counter-weighted elevator system approximating an Atwood machine.", "chunked_long_answer": "An elevator with a counterbalance approximates an ideal Atwood machine and thereby relieves the driving motor from the load of holding the elevator cab — it has to overcome only weight difference and inertia of the two masses. The same principle is used for funicular railways with two connected railway cars on inclined tracks, and for the elevators on the Eiffel Tower which counterbalance each other. Ski lifts are another example, where the gondolas move on a closed (continuous) pulley system up and down the mountain. The ski lift is similar to the counter-weighted elevator, but with a constraining force", "short_answers": [ "An elevator with a counterbalance" ] }
who starred in the movie natural born killers	[ "Robert Downey Jr.", "Robert Downey, Jr.", "Woody Harrelson", "Juliette Lewis", "Tom Sizemore", "Tommy Lee Jones" ]	[ { "title": "Natural Born Killers", "text": "microphone. The couple is shown several years later, in an RV, with Mickey driving and a pregnant Mallory watching their two children play. \"Natural Born Killers\" was based upon a screenplay written by Quentin Tarantino, in which a married couple suddenly decide...	{ "title": "Natural Born Killers", "long_answer": "Natural Born Killers is a 1994 American satirical black comedy crime film directed by Oliver Stone and starring Woody Harrelson, Juliette Lewis, Robert Downey Jr., Tom Sizemore, and Tommy Lee Jones. The film was released in the United States on August 26, 1994. The film tells the story of two victims of traumatic childhoods who became lovers and mass murderers, and are irresponsibly glorified by the mass media.", "chunked_long_answer": "Natural Born Killers is a 1994 American satirical black comedy crime film directed by Oliver Stone and starring Woody Harrelson, Juliette Lewis, Robert Downey Jr., Tom Sizemore, and Tommy Lee Jones. The film was released in the United States on August 26, 1994. The film tells the story of two victims of traumatic childhoods who became lovers and mass murderers, and are irresponsibly glorified by the mass media.", "short_answers": [ "Juliette Lewis", "Robert Downey Jr.", "Tom Sizemore", "Tommy Lee Jones", "Woody Harrelson" ] }
who wants a heart in the wizard of oz	[ "Tin Woodman", "the Tin Woodman" ]	[ { "title": "The Wizard of Oz (2011 musical)", "text": "is unhappy with his empty tin chest (\"If I Only Had a Heart\") and invite him to join them. The Wicked Witch of the West threatens to light the Scarecrow on fire unless Dorothy gives her the ruby slippers; Dorothy refuses. In the dark forest, they enco...	{ "title": "Tin Woodman", "long_answer": "In The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Dorothy Gale befriends the Tin Woodman after they find him rusted in the forest, as he was caught in rain, and use his oil can to release him. He follows her to the Emerald City to get a heart from The Wizard. They are joined on their adventure by the Scarecrow and the Cowardly Lion. The Wizard sends Dorothy and her friends to the Winkie Country to kill the Wicked Witch of the West. The Tin Woodman's axe proves useful in this journey, both for chopping wood to create a bridge or raft as needed, and for chopping the heads off animals that threaten the party. When the Winged monkeys are sent by the Witch of the West against the group, they throw the Tin Woodman from a great height, damaging him badly. However Winkie Tinsmiths are able to repair him after the death of the Witch.", "chunked_long_answer": "In The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Dorothy Gale befriends the Tin Woodman after they find him rusted in the forest, as he was caught in rain, and use his oil can to release him. He follows her to the Emerald City to get a heart from The Wizard. They are joined on their adventure by the Scarecrow and the Cowardly Lion. The Wizard sends Dorothy and her friends to the Winkie Country to kill the Wicked Witch of the West. The Tin Woodman's axe proves useful in this journey, both for chopping wood to create a bridge or raft as needed, and for chopping the heads off animals that threaten the party. When the Winged monkeys are sent by the Witch of the West against the group, they throw the Tin Woodman from a great height, damaging him badly. ", "short_answers": [ "the Tin Woodman" ] }
what are the importance of rigor mortis in meat processing	[ "tenderness of meat" ]	[ { "title": "Meat", "text": "collagen and elastin of connective tissue, and \"rigor mortis\" resolves. Because of these changes, the meat is tender and pliable when cooked just after death or after the resolution of \"rigor\", but tough when cooked during \"rigor.\" As the muscle pigment myoglobin denatures,...	{ "title": "Rigor mortis", "long_answer": "Rigor mortis is very important in meat technology. The onset of rigor mortis and its resolution partially determine the tenderness of meat. If the post-slaughter meat is immediately chilled to 15 °C (59 °F), a phenomenon known as cold shortening occurs, whereby the muscle sarcomeres shrink to a third of their original length. \n", "chunked_long_answer": "Rigor mortis is very important in meat technology. The onset of rigor mortis and its resolution partially determine the tenderness of meat. If the post-slaughter meat is immediately chilled to 15 °C (59 °F), a phenomenon known as cold shortening occurs, whereby the muscle sarcomeres shrink to a third of their original length.", "short_answers": [ "tenderness of meat" ] }
when did the song the joker come out	[ "1973", "October 1973" ]	[ { "title": "Joker (2012 film)", "text": "released under that title worldwide and also on the soundtrack. \"Music Aloud\" said: \"He may or may not have composed the tunes for the controversy-ridden soundtrack of Jaanemann, but when GV Prakash Kumar actually got to do a credited debut in Bollywood, it turned...	{ "title": "The Joker (Steve Miller Band song)", "long_answer": "\"The Joker\" is a song by the Steve Miller Band from their 1973 album The Joker. It is one of two Steve Miller Band songs that feature the nonce word \"pompatus\". The song topped the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1974.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"The Joker\" is a song by the Steve Miller Band from their 1973 album The Joker. It is one of two Steve Miller Band songs that feature the nonce word \"pompatus\". The song topped the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1974.", "short_answers": [ "1973" ] }
what is the tigers name in life of pi	[ "Richard Parker" ]	[ { "title": "Life of Pi", "text": "story as one of \"personal growth through adversity.\" The main character learns that \"tigers are dangerous\" at a young age when his father forces him to watch the zoo's Royal Bengal tiger patriarch, Mahisha, devour a live goat. Later, after he has been reduced to eking o...	{ "title": "Life of Pi", "long_answer": "Life of Pi is a Canadian fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel published in 2001. The protagonist is Piscine Molitor \"Pi\" Patel, an Indian boy from Pondicherry who explores issues of spirituality and practicality from an early age. He survives 227 days after a shipwreck while stranded on a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker.", "chunked_long_answer": "Life of Pi is a Canadian fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel published in 2001. The protagonist is Piscine Molitor \"Pi\" Patel, an Indian boy from Pondicherry who explores issues of spirituality and practicality from an early age. He survives 227 days after a shipwreck while stranded on a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker.", "short_answers": [ "Richard Parker" ] }
when did god save the queen became the national anthem	[ "in the 1780s and 1790s", "After the Battle of Culloden" ]	[ { "title": "God Save the Queen", "text": "the Republic of Zimbabwe in April 1980, \"God Save the Queen\" has had no official status there. \"God Save the Queen\" was a co-national anthem of South Africa from 1938 until 1957, when it was formally replaced by \"Die Stem van Suid-Afrika\" as the sole national ...	{ "title": "God Save the Queen", "long_answer": "The 1836 article and other sources make it clear that this verse was not used soon after 1745, and certainly before the song became accepted as the British national anthem in the 1780s and 1790s. It was included as an integral part of the song in the Oxford Book of Eighteenth Century Verse of 1926, although erroneously referencing the \"fourth verse\" to the Gentleman's Magazine article of 1745.", "chunked_long_answer": "The 1836 article and other sources make it clear that this verse was not used soon after 1745, and certainly before the song became accepted as the British national anthem in the 1780s and 1790s. It was included as an integral part of the song in the Oxford Book of Eighteenth Century Verse of 1926, although erroneously referencing the \"fourth verse\" to the Gentleman's Magazine article of 1745.", "short_answers": [ "in the 1780s and 1790s" ] }
when did the 5 day work week begin	[ "1908", "In 1908", "1940" ]	[ { "title": "Workweek and weekend", "text": "usually work 6 days per week, having Sunday as their only day off. In South Africa the working week traditionally was Monday to Friday with a half-day on Saturday and Sunday a public holiday. However, since 2013 there have been changes to the working week concept ...	{ "title": "Workweek and weekend", "long_answer": "In 1908, the first five-day workweek in the United States was instituted by a New England cotton mill so that Jewish workers would not have to work on the Sabbath from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday. In 1926, Henry Ford began shutting down his automotive factories for all of Saturday and Sunday. In 1929, the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America Union was the first union to demand a five-day workweek and receive it. After that, the rest of the United States slowly followed, but it was not until 1940, when a provision of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act mandating a maximum 40-hour workweek went into effect, that the two-day weekend was adopted nationwide.", "chunked_long_answer": "In 1908, the first five-day workweek in the United States was instituted by a New England cotton mill so that Jewish workers would not have to work on the Sabbath from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday. In 1926, Henry Ford began shutting down his automotive factories for all of Saturday and Sunday. In 1929, the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America Union was the first union to demand a five-day workweek and receive it. After that, the rest of the United States slowly followed, but it was not until 1940, when a provision of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act mandating a maximum 40-hour workweek went into effect, that the two-day weekend was adopted nationwide.", "short_answers": [ "1908", "1940", "In 1908" ] }
where is the north pole on the world map	[ "latitude 90° North" ]	[ { "title": "North Pole", "text": "east and clockwise is west. The North Pole is at the center of the Northern Hemisphere. While the South Pole lies on a continental land mass, the North Pole is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean amid waters that are almost permanently covered with constantly shifting...	{ "title": "North Pole", "long_answer": "The North Pole is the northernmost point on the Earth, lying diametrically opposite the South Pole. It defines geodetic latitude 90° North, as well as the direction of true north. At the North Pole all directions point south; all lines of longitude converge there, so its longitude can be defined as any degree value. Along tight latitude circles, counterclockwise is east and clockwise is west. The North Pole is at the center of the Northern Hemisphere.", "chunked_long_answer": "The North Pole is the northernmost point on the Earth, lying diametrically opposite the South Pole. It defines geodetic latitude 90° North, as well as the direction of true north. At the North Pole all directions point south; all lines of longitude converge there, so its longitude can be defined as any degree value. Along tight latitude circles, counterclockwise is east and clockwise is west. The North Pole is at the center of the Northern Hemisphere.", "short_answers": [ "latitude 90° North" ] }
who performed the halftime show at super bowl 51	[ "Lady Gaga" ]	[ { "title": "Super Bowl 50 halftime show", "text": "Super Bowl 50 halftime show The Super Bowl 50 Halftime Show took place on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California as part of Super Bowl 50. It was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyoncé and ...	{ "title": "Super Bowl LI halftime show", "long_answer": "The Super Bowl LI Halftime show took place on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas as part of Super Bowl LI. The show was headlined by Lady Gaga, who performed a medley of her songs, including newer material from her most recent studio album Joanne.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Super Bowl LI Halftime show took place on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas as part of Super Bowl LI. The show was headlined by Lady Gaga, who performed a medley of her songs, including newer material from her most recent studio album Joanne.", "short_answers": [ "Lady Gaga" ] }
when was the worlds first laptop computer introduced in the market and by whom	[ "September 1980", "R2E Micral CCMC" ]	[ { "title": "Toshiba T1100", "text": "Toshiba T1100 The T1100 was a laptop manufactured by Toshiba in 1985, and has subsequently been described by Toshiba as \"\"the world's first mass-market laptop computer\"\". Its technical specifications were comparable to the original IBM PC desktop, using floppy disks ...	{ "title": "History of laptops", "long_answer": "The portable micro computer the “Portal\" of the French company R2E Micral CCMC officially appeared in September 1980 at the Sicob show in Paris. The Portal was a portable microcomputer designed and marketed by the studies and developments department of the French firm R2E Micral in 1980 at the request of the company CCMC specializing in payroll and accounting. It was based on an Intel 8085 processor, 8-bit, clocked at 2 MHz. It was equipped with a central 64K byte Ram, a keyboard with 58 alpha numeric keys and 11 numeric keys (separate blocks), a 32-character screen, a floppy disk: capacity = 140 000 characters, of a thermal printer: speed = 28 characters / second, an asynchronous channel, a synchronous channel, a 220V power supply. Designed for an operating temperature of 15 ° C to 35 ° C, it weighed 12 kg and its dimensions were 45cm x 45cm x 15cm. It provided total mobility. Its operating system was Prologue.", "chunked_long_answer": "The portable micro computer the “Portal\" of the French company R2E Micral CCMC officially appeared in September 1980 at the Sicob show in Paris. The Portal was a portable microcomputer designed and marketed by the studies and developments department of the French firm R2E Micral in 1980 at the request of the company CCMC specializing in payroll and accounting. It was based on an Intel 8085 processor, 8-bit, clocked at 2 MHz. It was equipped with a central 64K byte Ram, a keyboard with 58 alpha numeric keys and 11 numeric keys (separate blocks), a 32-character screen, a floppy disk:", "short_answers": [ "R2E Micral CCMC", "September 1980" ] }
when is last time the astros won the world series	[ "2017" ]	[ { "title": "2005 National League Championship Series", "text": "Rodriguez in the fifth. The Astros scored one run in the sixth on Adam Everett's sacrifice bunt off of Jason Marquis and another in the seventh on Morgan Ensberg's RBI single off of Julian Tavarez. This was the final game at Busch Stadium (II)....	{ "title": "Houston Astros", "long_answer": "The Astros played in the NL from 1962 to 2012. They played in the West Division from 1969 to 1993, and the Central Division from 1994 to 2012. While a member of the NL, the Astros played in one World Series, in 2005, against the Chicago White Sox, in which they were swept in four games. In 2017, they became the first franchise in MLB history to have won a pennant in both the NL and the AL, when they defeated the New York Yankees in the ALCS. They subsequently won the 2017 World Series against the Los Angeles Dodgers, winning four games to three, earning the team, and Texas, its first World Series title.", "chunked_long_answer": "Division from 1969 to 1993, and the Central Division from 1994 to 2012. While a member of the NL, the Astros played in one World Series, in 2005, against the Chicago White Sox, in which they were swept in four games. In 2017, they became the first franchise in MLB history to have won a pennant in both the NL and the AL, when they defeated the New York Yankees in the ALCS. They subsequently won the 2017 World Series against the Los Angeles Dodgers, winning four games to three, earning the team, and Texas, its first World Series title.", "short_answers": [ "2017" ] }
who is the speaker in shooting an elephant	[ "Orwell" ]	[ { "title": "Shooting an Elephant", "text": "it is his duty to appear resolute, with his word being final. Although it is not the narrator's wish to shoot the elephant, and even though he holds a weapon far beyond the technological capabilities of the natives, his will is not his own and, due to their expect...	{ "title": "Shooting an Elephant", "long_answer": "In Moulmein, the narrator—Orwell, writing in the first person—is a police officer during a period of intense anti-European sentiment. Although his intellectual sympathies lie with the Burmese, his official role makes him a symbol of the oppressive imperial power. As such, he is subjected to constant baiting and jeering by the local people.", "chunked_long_answer": "In Moulmein, the narrator—Orwell, writing in the first person—is a police officer during a period of intense anti-European sentiment. Although his intellectual sympathies lie with the Burmese, his official role makes him a symbol of the oppressive imperial power. As such, he is subjected to constant baiting and jeering by the local people.", "short_answers": [ "Orwell" ] }
who plays sheila carter on the bold and the beautiful	[ "Kimberlin Brown", "Michelle Stafford" ]	[ { "title": "Sheila Carter", "text": "her role as Sheila on \"The Bold and the Beautiful\". Executive producer Brad Bell announced Brown had been signed to a one-year deal with the serial. On the topic of Sheila and Lauren's \"cat fights\", Brown said: \"People like cat fights because we can get away with wh...	{ "title": "Sheila Carter", "long_answer": "Sheila Carter is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless and The Bold and the Beautiful, American soap operas on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell, the role was introduced in 1990 — by Edward J. Scott — under the portrayal of Kimberlin Brown, who portrayed the role for many intervals on both soaps until 2006. That same year, Michelle Stafford took over the role, after Sheila had plastic surgery to look like Phyllis Summers. Brown returned to the role of Sheila on The Bold and the Beautiful, beginning on June 9, 2017.", "chunked_long_answer": "Sheila Carter is a fictional character from The Young and the Restless and The Bold and the Beautiful, American soap operas on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell, the role was introduced in 1990 — by Edward J. Scott — under the portrayal of Kimberlin Brown, who portrayed the role for many intervals on both soaps until 2006. That same year, Michelle Stafford took over the role, after Sheila had plastic surgery to look like Phyllis Summers. Brown returned to the role of Sheila on The Bold and the Beautiful, beginning on June 9, 2017.", "short_answers": [ "Kimberlin Brown", "Michelle Stafford" ] }
what is the current mac os operating system	[ "10.13.4", "macOS High Sierra" ]	[ { "title": "Macintosh operating systems", "text": "for its ease of use, it was also criticized for its lack of modern technologies compared to its competitors. The current Mac operating system is macOS, originally named \"Mac OS X\" until 2012 and then \"OS X\" until 2016. Developed between 1997 and 2001 af...	{ "title": "macOS", "long_answer": "macOS is the second major series of Macintosh operating systems. The first is colloquially called the \"classic\" Mac OS, which was introduced in 1984, and the final release of which was Mac OS 9 in 1999. The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released in March 2001, with its first update, 10.1, arriving later that year. After this, Apple began naming its releases after big cats, which lasted until OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion. Since OS X 10.9 Mavericks, releases have been named after landmarks in California. Apple shortened the name to \"OS X\" in 2012 and then changed it to \"macOS\" in 2016, adopting the nomenclature that it uses for their other operating systems, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS. The latest version is macOS High Sierra, which was publicly released in September 2017.", "chunked_long_answer": "1999. The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released in March 2001, with its first update, 10.1, arriving later that year. After this, Apple began naming its releases after big cats, which lasted until OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion. Since OS X 10.9 Mavericks, releases have been named after landmarks in California. Apple shortened the name to \"OS X\" in 2012 and then changed it to \"macOS\" in 2016, adopting the nomenclature that it uses for their other operating systems, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS. The latest version is macOS High Sierra, which was publicly released in September 2017.", "short_answers": [ "macOS High Sierra" ] }
when were 2 dollar bills stopped being made	[ "current denomination of U.S. currency" ]	[ { "title": "United States two-dollar bill", "text": "obverse of the note featured a borderless portrait of Thomas Jefferson to left and wording in the entire center. The reverse featured a World War I battleship. Beginning in the 1950s, production of $2 bills began to decrease. The relative scarcity of the ...	{ "title": "United States two-dollar bill", "long_answer": "The United States two-dollar bill ($2) is a current denomination of U.S. currency. The third U.S. President (1801–09), Thomas Jefferson, is featured on the obverse of the note. The reverse features an engraving of the painting The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull. Throughout the $2 bill's pre-1929 life as a large-sized note, it was issued as a United States Note, National Bank Note, silver certificate, Treasury or \"Coin\" Note and Federal Reserve Bank Note. When U.S. currency was changed to its current size, the $2 bill was issued only as a United States Note. Production went on until 1966, when the series was discontinued. Ten years passed before the $2 bill was reissued as a Federal Reserve Note with a new reverse design. Two-dollar bills are seldom seen in circulation as a result of banking policies with businesses which has resulted in low production numbers due to lack of demand. This comparative scarcity in circulation, coupled with a lack of public knowledge that the bill is still in production and circulation, has also inspired urban legends and occasionally has created problems for people trying to use the bill to make purchases.", "chunked_long_answer": "The United States two-dollar bill ($2) is a current denomination of U.S. currency. The third U.S. President (1801–09), Thomas Jefferson, is featured on the obverse of the note. The reverse features an engraving of the painting The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull. Throughout the $2 bill's pre-1929 life as a large-sized note, it was issued as a United States Note, National Bank Note, silver certificate, Treasury or \"Coin\" Note and Federal Reserve Bank Note. When U.S. currency was changed to its current size, the $2 bill was issued only as a United States Note. Production went on until 1966,", "short_answers": [ "current denomination of U.S. currency" ] }
who sings the song it ain't me	[ "Selena Gomez", "American singer Selena Gomez" ]	[ { "title": "It Isn't, It Wasn't, It Ain't Never Gonna Be", "text": "It Isn't, It Wasn't, It Ain't Never Gonna Be \"It Isn't, It Wasn't, It Ain't Never Gonna Be\" is a duet recorded between Aretha Franklin and Whitney Houston, and appeared on Franklin's 1989 album \"Through the Storm\". The original album ve...	{ "title": "It Ain't Me", "long_answer": "\"It Ain't Me\" is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez. It was released by Interscope Records, Sony and Ultra on 17 February 2017 as the lead single from Kygo's first EP, Stargazing. The song was written by Kygo, Gomez, Andrew Watt, Brian Lee and Ali Tamposi. It was produced by Kygo, Watt, Ben Rice and Louis Bell. A dance-pop, electropop and tropical house song, \"It Ain't Me\" comprises an acoustic guitar line, and a build-drop arrangement in its chorus featuring pulsing piano notes, bass, synthesizers, finger-snap claps and pan flute melodies. Gomez sings the track in a husky tone, while in the chorus her vocals are reduced to recurring syllables. The lyrics are nostalgic and narrate a past relationship ruined by alcoholism and partying too often.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"It Ain't Me\" is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez. It was released by Interscope Records, Sony and Ultra on 17 February 2017 as the lead single from Kygo's first EP, Stargazing. The song was written by Kygo, Gomez, Andrew Watt, Brian Lee and Ali Tamposi. It was produced by Kygo, Watt, Ben Rice and Louis Bell. A dance-pop, electropop and tropical house song, \"It Ain't Me\" comprises an acoustic guitar line, and a build-drop arrangement in its chorus featuring pulsing piano notes, bass, synthesizers, finger-snap claps and pan flute melodies. Gomez sings the track", "short_answers": [ "American singer Selena Gomez", "Selena Gomez" ] }
when does the nba season end this year	[ "April 11, 2018" ]	[ { "title": "2018–19 NBA season", "text": "2018–19 NBA season The 2018–19 NBA season is the 73rd season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on October 16, 2018, and will end on April 10, 2019. The playoffs will begin April 13, 2019, with the NBA Finals concluding in June. T...	{ "title": "2017–18 NBA season", "long_answer": "The 2017–18 NBA season is the 72nd season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on October 17, 2017, earlier than previous seasons to reduce the number of \"back-to-back\" games teams are scheduled to play, with the 2017 Eastern Conference champion (and Finals runner–up) Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the Boston Celtics at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio Christmas games were played on December 25, 2017. The 2018 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 18, 2018, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. LeBron James of the Cleveland Cavaliers was named the All-Star Game Most Valuable Player. The regular season ended on April 11, 2018 and the playoffs began on April 14, 2018.", "chunked_long_answer": "17, 2017, earlier than previous seasons to reduce the number of \"back-to-back\" games teams are scheduled to play, with the 2017 Eastern Conference champion (and Finals runner–up) Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the Boston Celtics at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio Christmas games were played on December 25, 2017. The 2018 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 18, 2018, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. LeBron James of the Cleveland Cavaliers was named the All-Star Game Most Valuable Player. The regular season ended on April 11, 2018 and the playoffs began on April 14, 2018.", "short_answers": [ "April 11, 2018" ] }
what us president is the only president to become an eagle scout	[ "Ford" ]	[ { "title": "Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)", "text": "of Eagle Scout. The rank of Eagle Scout may be earned by a Boy Scout who has been a Life Scout for at least six months, has earned a minimum of 21 merit badges, has demonstrated Scout Spirit, and has demonstrated leadership within his troop, team, c...	{ "title": "Gerald Ford", "long_answer": "Ford was involved in the Boy Scouts of America, and earned that program's highest rank, Eagle Scout. He is the only Eagle Scout to have ascended to the U.S. Presidency.", "chunked_long_answer": "Ford was involved in the Boy Scouts of America, and earned that program's highest rank, Eagle Scout. He is the only Eagle Scout to have ascended to the U.S. Presidency.", "short_answers": [ "Ford" ] }
when was the drinking age set to 21	[ "By mid-1988" ]	[ { "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey", "text": "illegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drin...	{ "title": "U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state", "long_answer": "From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.", "chunked_long_answer": "voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21", "short_answers": [ "By mid-1988" ] }
when is the womens ice skating for the olympics	[ "21 February", "21–23 February", "23 February" ]	[ { "title": "Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles", "text": "Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single skating competition of the 2010 Winter Olympics was held at the Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The short program was h...	{ "title": "Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles", "long_answer": "The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February.", "chunked_long_answer": "The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February.", "short_answers": [ "21 February", "23 February" ] }
what position did doug peterson play in the nfl	[ "holder on placekicks", "quarterback" ]	[ { "title": "Greg Peterson (American football)", "text": "Greg Peterson (American football) Greg Peterson (born January 21, 1984) is a former American football defensive end. He was most recently a member of the Hartford Colonials of the United Football League. He was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in t...	{ "title": "Doug Pederson", "long_answer": "Douglas Irving Pederson (born January 31, 1968) is an American football coach who is currently the head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He served as the offensive coordinator of the Kansas City Chiefs from 2013–2015. He spent most of his playing career as a member of the Green Bay Packers, serving as a backup quarterback to Brett Favre and holder on placekicks, and winning Super Bowl XXXI with the team over the New England Patriots. He was also a backup to Dan Marino as a member of the Miami Dolphins, and a starting quarterback for the Eagles and Cleveland Browns.", "chunked_long_answer": "1968) is an American football coach who is currently the head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He served as the offensive coordinator of the Kansas City Chiefs from 2013–2015. He spent most of his playing career as a member of the Green Bay Packers, serving as a backup quarterback to Brett Favre and holder on placekicks, and winning Super Bowl XXXI with the team over the New England Patriots. He was also a backup to Dan Marino as a member of the Miami Dolphins, and a starting quarterback for the Eagles and Cleveland Browns.", "short_answers": [ "holder on placekicks", "quarterback" ] }
who played lionel in as time goes by	[ "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, OBE", "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer" ]	[ { "title": "As Time Goes By (TV series)", "text": "the series. Other notable characters include Lionel's irrepressible father Rocky (Frank Middlemass), whose favourite saying is \"Rock On\" and who owns a large country house in Hampshire which he later gives to Lionel; the housekeeper, Mrs. Bale (Janet Henf...	{ "title": "Geoffrey Palmer (actor)", "long_answer": "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, OBE (born 4 June 1927) is an English actor known for his roles in British television sitcoms playing Jimmy Anderson in The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin (1976–79), Ben Parkinson in Butterflies (1978–83) and Lionel Hardcastle in As Time Goes By (1992–2005). His film appearances include A Fish Called Wanda (1988), The Madness of King George (1994), Mrs. Brown (1997), and Tomorrow Never Dies (1997).", "chunked_long_answer": "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, OBE (born 4 June 1927) is an English actor known for his roles in British television sitcoms playing Jimmy Anderson in The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin (1976–79), Ben Parkinson in Butterflies (1978–83) and Lionel Hardcastle in As Time Goes By (1992–2005). His film appearances include A Fish Called Wanda (1988), The Madness of King George (1994), Mrs. Brown (1997), and Tomorrow Never Dies (1997).", "short_answers": [ "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer", "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, OBE" ] }
where does the optic nerve cross the midline	[ "optic chiasm" ]	[ { "title": "Chiasmal syndrome", "text": "tract on the ipsilateral side. This arrangement allows the left half of the visual field to end up on the right side of the brain and the right half of the visual field to locate to the left side. The optic nerves consist of the axons from the retinal ganglion of eac...	{ "title": "Optic chiasm", "long_answer": "The optic chiasm or optic chiasma ( /ɒptɪk kaɪæzəm/; Greek χίασμα, \"crossing\", from the Greek χιάζω 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', chi) is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross. The optic chiasm is located at the bottom of the brain immediately below the hypothalamus. The optic chiasm is found in all vertebrates, although in cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) it is located within the brain.", "chunked_long_answer": "The optic chiasm or optic chiasma ( /ɒptɪk kaɪæzəm/; Greek χίασμα, \"crossing\", from the Greek χιάζω 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', chi) is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross. The optic chiasm is located at the bottom of the brain immediately below the hypothalamus. The optic chiasm is found in all vertebrates, although in cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) it is located within the brain.", "short_answers": [ "optic chiasm" ] }
what is billy last name in where the red fern grows	[ "Colman", "Billy Colman" ]	[ { "title": "Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)", "text": "planted by an angel, is growing between the two and Billy calls the family down to see it. Seeing the red fern satisfies Billy that what happened is for the best and he goes to Tulsa with his family. The film was produced by Lyman Dayton and filmed...	{ "title": "Where the Red Fern Grows", "long_answer": "When leaving work in Idaho's Snake River Valley, Billy Colman sees a pack of dogs attacking a stray coonhound. He takes the stray home to feed it. Once it has rested, Billy sets it free, knowing that it will return home.", "chunked_long_answer": "When leaving work in Idaho's Snake River Valley, Billy Colman sees a pack of dogs attacking a stray coonhound. He takes the stray home to feed it. Once it has rested, Billy sets it free, knowing that it will return home.", "short_answers": [ "Billy Colman", "Colman" ] }
who painted the ceiling of the florence cathedral	[ "Giorgio Vasari", "Federico Zuccari", "Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari" ]	[ { "title": "Antonio Veneziano (painter)", "text": "Antonio Veneziano (painter) Antonio Veneziano (Antonio the Venetian), was an Italian painter who was active mainly in Siena, Florence and Pisa, documented between 1369 and 1419. He was born apparently in Venice, and was a student of Taddeo Gaddi. In 1384-87...	{ "title": "Florence Cathedral", "long_answer": "It was suggested that the interior of the 45 metre (147 ft) wide dome should be covered with a mosaic decoration to make the most of the available light coming through the circular windows of the drum and through the lantern. Brunelleschi had proposed the vault to glimmer with resplendent gold, but his death in 1446 put an end to this project, and the walls of the dome were whitewashed. Grand Duke Cosimo I de' Medici decided to have the dome painted with a representation of The Last Judgment. This enormous work, 3,600 metres² (38 750 ft²) of painted surface, was started in 1568 by Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari and would last till 1579. The upper portion, near the lantern, representing The 24 Elders of Apoc. 4 was finished by Vasari before his death in 1574. Federico Zuccari and a number of collaborators, such as Domenico Cresti, finished the other portions: (from top to bottom) Choirs of Angels; Christ, Mary and Saints; Virtues, Gifts of the Holy Spirit and Beatitudes; and at the bottom of the cupola: Capital Sins and Hell. These frescoes are considered Zuccari's greatest work. But the quality of the work is uneven because of the input of different artists and the different techniques. Vasari had used true fresco, while Zuccari had painted in secco. During the restoration work, which ended in 1995, the entire pictorial cycle of The Last Judgment was photographed with specially designed equipment and all the information collected in a catalogue. All the restoration information along with reconstructed images of the frescos were stored and managed in the Thesaurus Florentinus computer system.", "chunked_long_answer": "of The Last Judgment. This enormous work, 3,600 metres² (38 750 ft²) of painted surface, was started in 1568 by Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari and would last till 1579. The upper portion, near the lantern, representing The 24 Elders of Apoc. 4 was finished by Vasari before his death in 1574. Federico Zuccari and a number of collaborators, such as Domenico Cresti, finished the other portions: (from top to bottom) Choirs of Angels; Christ, Mary and Saints; Virtues, Gifts of the Holy Spirit and Beatitudes; and at the bottom of the cupola: Capital Sins and Hell. These frescoes are", "short_answers": [ "Federico Zuccari", "Giorgio Vasari", "Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari" ] }
who sings too much time on my hands lyrics	[ "Tommy Shaw" ]	[ { "title": "Time on My Hands (song)", "text": "Kathryn Grayson. \"Who Wrote That Song?\" by Dick Jacobs and Harriet Jacobs. Published \"Writers Digest Books\" Time on My Hands (song) \"Time on My Hands\" is a popular song with music by Vincent Youmans and lyrics by Harold Adamson and Mack Gordon, published ...	{ "title": "Too Much Time on My Hands", "long_answer": "\"Too Much Time on My Hands\" is the second single released from Styx's 1981 triple-platinum album Paradise Theatre. It was written and sung by Tommy Shaw, who also plays the lead guitar solo during the break in the song.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Too Much Time on My Hands\" is the second single released from Styx's 1981 triple-platinum album Paradise Theatre. It was written and sung by Tommy Shaw, who also plays the lead guitar solo during the break in the song.", "short_answers": [ "Tommy Shaw" ] }
who has hosted the most fifa world cups	[ "Italy", "Germany", "France", "Brazil", "Mexico" ]	[ { "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts", "text": "the top four at home. Only South Africa in 2010 managed to not go past the group stage. FIFA World Cup hosts Seventeen countries have been FIFA World Cup hosts in the competition's twenty tournaments since the inaugural World Cup in 1930. The organization at first...	{ "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts", "long_answer": "Only Mexico, Italy, France, Germany (West Germany until shortly after the 1990 World Cup) and Brazil have hosted the event on two occasions. Mexico City's Estadio Azteca and Rio de Janeiro's Maracanã are the only venues ever to have hosted two FIFA World Cup finals. Only the 2002 FIFA World Cup had more than one host, being split between Japan and South Korea.", "chunked_long_answer": "Only Mexico, Italy, France, Germany (West Germany until shortly after the 1990 World Cup) and Brazil have hosted the event on two occasions. Mexico City's Estadio Azteca and Rio de Janeiro's Maracanã are the only venues ever to have hosted two FIFA World Cup finals. Only the 2002 FIFA World Cup had more than one host, being split between Japan and South Korea.", "short_answers": [ "Brazil", "France", "Germany", "Italy", "Mexico" ] }
which is the lion's mane jellyfish's species within its genus	[ "C. capillata", "capillata", "Cyanea capillata" ]	[ { "title": "Lion's mane jellyfish", "text": "Lion's mane jellyfish The lion's mane jellyfish, also known as the giant jellyfish or the hair jelly, is the largest known species of jellyfish. Its range is confined to cold, boreal waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans. It is comm...	{ "title": "Lion's mane jellyfish", "long_answer": "The lion's mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata), also known as the giant jellyfish or the hair jelly, is the largest known species of jellyfish. Its range is confined to cold, boreal waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans. It is common in the English Channel, Irish Sea, North Sea and in western Scandinavian waters south to Kattegat and Øresund. It may also drift in to the south-western part of the Baltic Sea (where it cannot breed due to the low salinity). Similar jellyfish – which may be the same species – are known to inhabit seas near Australia and New Zealand. The largest recorded specimen found washed up on the shore of Massachusetts Bay in 1870, had a bell with a diameter of 2.3 metres (7 ft 6 in) and tentacles 37.0 m (121.4 ft) long. Lion's mane jellyfish have been observed below 42°N latitude for some time in the larger bays of the east coast of the United States.", "chunked_long_answer": "The lion's mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata), also known as the giant jellyfish or the hair jelly, is the largest known species of jellyfish. Its range is confined to cold, boreal waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans. It is common in the English Channel, Irish Sea, North Sea and in western Scandinavian waters south to Kattegat and Øresund. It may also drift in to the south-western part of the Baltic Sea (where it cannot breed due to the low salinity). Similar jellyfish – which may be the same species – are known to inhabit seas near Australia", "short_answers": [ "Cyanea capillata", "capillata" ] }
who was the buccaneers qb when they won the superbowl	[ "Brad Johnson" ]	[ { "title": "2006 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season", "text": "game against the Dallas Cowboys. In the first quarter, the Bucs capped off their opening driver with FB Mike Alstott getting a 1-yard TD run. However, the Cowboys responded with QB Tony Romo getting a 30-yard TD pass to WR Terry Glenn. In the second qu...	{ "title": "Super Bowl XXXVII", "long_answer": "The Raiders had a great chance to score a touchdown early in the game after cornerback Charles Woodson intercepted Buccaneers quarterback Brad Johnson's pass on the third play of the game and returned it 12 yards to the Tampa Bay 36-yard line. However, six plays later, Tampa Bay defensive end Simeon Rice sacked Raiders quarterback Rich Gannon on third down, forcing Oakland to settle for kicker Sebastian Janikowski's 40-yard field goal to give them a 3–0 lead.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Raiders had a great chance to score a touchdown early in the game after cornerback Charles Woodson intercepted Buccaneers quarterback Brad Johnson's pass on the third play of the game and returned it 12 yards to the Tampa Bay 36-yard line. However, six plays later, Tampa Bay defensive end Simeon Rice sacked Raiders quarterback Rich Gannon on third down, forcing Oakland to settle for kicker Sebastian Janikowski's 40-yard field goal to give them a 3–0 lead.", "short_answers": [ "Brad Johnson" ] }
who did the central powers defeat on the eastern front before concentrating back on france	[ "the Russian army" ]	[ { "title": "Central Powers", "text": "French and US forces in north-eastern France and Belgium. There was no unified treaty ending the war; the Central Powers were dealt with in separate treaties. Central Powers The Central Powers (; ; / ; ), consisting of Germany, , the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria—hence al...	{ "title": "Bulgaria during World War I", "long_answer": "The military convention between Bulgaria and the Central Powers laid down the general plan for its campaign against the Kingdom of Serbia. It severely limited the control of the Bulgarian High Command over the Bulgarian 1st Army, which was designated part of a combined German, Bulgarian and Austro-Hungarian force commanded by Field Marshal August von Mackensen. He had recently led the German and Austro-Hungarian armies in the highly successful and victorious Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive of the Central Powers against the Russian army on the Eastern Front. His army group was created specifically to wage war against the Serbian army in the pre-1913 borders of the country (\"Old Serbia\"), to defeat it wherever it found it and to open the land route between Hungary and Bulgaria. As commander, Mackensen acted independently and received his directives only from the German High Command. However, the field marshal's orders to his Bulgarian forces had to be relayed to the commander of the 1st Army by the Bulgarian General Staff, which left room for the latter to intervene when needed. According to the convention, the Bulgarian commander-in- chief retained full and direct control over the Bulgarian 2nd Army and its operations in Vardar Macedonia.", "chunked_long_answer": "campaign against the Kingdom of Serbia. It severely limited the control of the Bulgarian High Command over the Bulgarian 1st Army, which was designated part of a combined German, Bulgarian and Austro-Hungarian force commanded by Field Marshal August von Mackensen. He had recently led the German and Austro-Hungarian armies in the highly successful and victorious Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive of the Central Powers against the Russian army on the Eastern Front. His army group was created specifically to wage war against the Serbian army in the pre-1913 borders of the country (\"Old Serbia\"), to defeat it wherever it found it and to", "short_answers": [ "the Russian army" ] }
what kind of fish live in the salton sea	[ "tilapia" ]	[ { "title": "Salton Sea", "text": "catfish, largemouth bass, mosquitofish, sailfin molly, and the vulnerable desert pupfish. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment has developed a safe eating advisory for fish caught in the Salton Sea based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in local...	{ "title": "Salton Sea", "long_answer": "Due to the high salinity, very few fish species can tolerate living in the Salton Sea. Introduced tilapia are the main fish that can tolerate the high salinity levels and pollution. Other freshwater fish species live in the rivers and canals that feed the Salton Sea, including threadfin shad, carp, red shiner, channel catfish, white catfish, largemouth bass, mosquitofish, sailfin molly, and the vulnerable desert pupfish.", "chunked_long_answer": "Due to the high salinity, very few fish species can tolerate living in the Salton Sea. Introduced tilapia are the main fish that can tolerate the high salinity levels and pollution. Other freshwater fish species live in the rivers and canals that feed the Salton Sea, including threadfin shad, carp, red shiner, channel catfish, white catfish, largemouth bass, mosquitofish, sailfin molly, and the vulnerable desert pupfish.", "short_answers": [ "tilapia" ] }
when was the defensive 3 second rule implemented	[ "the 2001–2002 season", "2001–2002 season" ]	[ { "title": "Rules of basketball", "text": "Edwards is generally recognized as the player responsible for the 3 second rule. While the rule was originally adopted to reduce roughness in the area between big men, it is now considered to prevent tall offensive players from gaining an advantage by waiting close...	{ "title": "Defensive three-second violation", "long_answer": "A defensive three-second violation, also known as illegal defense, is a basketball rules infraction in the National Basketball Association (NBA) introduced in the 2001–2002 season. It is assessed when a member of the defending team spends more than three seconds in the free throw lane (also known as the 16-foot lane, or colloquially as \"in the paint\") while not actively guarding an opponent. To be considered actively guarding, a defender must be within arm's length of an opponent and in a guarding position. A three-second count is suspended if:", "chunked_long_answer": "A defensive three-second violation, also known as illegal defense, is a basketball rules infraction in the National Basketball Association (NBA) introduced in the 2001–2002 season. It is assessed when a member of the defending team spends more than three seconds in the free throw lane (also known as the 16-foot lane, or colloquially as \"in the paint\") while not actively guarding an opponent. To be considered actively guarding, a defender must be within arm's length of an opponent and in a guarding position. A three-second count is suspended if:", "short_answers": [ "2001–2002 season", "the 2001–2002 season" ] }

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