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question stringlengths 29 100	answers list	ctxs list	nq_annotated_gold dict
when did martial law in the philippines end	[ "1981", "81" ]	[ { "title": "History of the Philippines (1965–86)", "text": "The history of the Philippines, from 1965–1986, covers the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, also known as Ferdinand Marcos Administration. The Marcos era includes the final years of the Third Republic (1965–72), the Philippines under martial law (19...	{ "title": "History of the Philippines (1965–86)", "long_answer": "The history of the Philippines, from 1965–1986, covers the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, also known as Ferdinand Marcos Administration. The Marcos era includes the final years of the Third Republic (1965–72), the Philippines under martial law (197...
name the four major layers of the earth in order	[ "a liquid outer core", "an outer silicate solid crust", "a highly viscous mantle", "a solid inner core" ]	[ { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "The interior structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure...	{ "title": "Structure of the Earth", "long_answer": "The interior structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure o...
how many levels of protein structure are there	[ "four" ]	[ { "title": "Protein structure", "text": "There are four distinct levels of protein structure.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Protein structure prediction", "text": "it appears that although the n...	{ "title": "Protein structure", "long_answer": "There are four distinct levels of protein structure.", "chunked_long_answer": "There are four distinct levels of protein structure.", "short_answers": [ "four" ] }
what is the definition of the word hosanna	[ "save, rescue, savior", "rescue", "savior", "save" ]	[ { "title": "Hosanna", "text": "The word hosanna (Latin osanna, Greek ὡσαννά, hōsanná) is from Hebrew הושיעה־נא, הושיעה נא hôšîʿâ-nā and related to Aramaic אושענא (ʾōshaʿnā) meaning \"save, rescue, savior\".", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retriev...	{ "title": "Hosanna", "long_answer": "The word hosanna (Latin osanna, Greek ὡσαννά, hōsanná) is from Hebrew הושיעה־נא, הושיעה נא hôšîʿâ-nā and related to Aramaic אושענא (ʾōshaʿnā) meaning \"save, rescue, savior\".", "chunked_long_answer": "The word hosanna (Latin osanna, Greek ὡσαννά, hōsanná) is from Hebrew הושי...
what areas of africa were involved in colonization	[ "90 percent of the continent" ]	[ { "title": "Scramble for Africa", "text": "The \"Scramble for Africa\" was the occupation, division, and colonisation of African territory by European powers during the period of New Imperialism, between 1881 and 1914. It is also called the Partition of Africa and by some the Conquest of Africa. In 1870, on...	{ "title": "Scramble for Africa", "long_answer": "The \"Scramble for Africa\" was the occupation, division, and colonisation of African territory by European powers during the period of New Imperialism, between 1881 and 1914. It is also called the Partition of Africa and by some the Conquest of Africa. In 1870, onl...
when did the isle of wight become an island	[ "During the last Ice Age" ]	[ { "title": "Isle of Wight", "text": "During the last Ice Age, sea levels were lower and the Solent was part of a river flowing south east from current day Poole Harbour towards mid-Channel. As sea levels rose, the river valley became flooded, and the chalk ridge line west of the Needles breached to form th...	{ "title": "Isle of Wight", "long_answer": "During the last Ice Age, sea levels were lower and the Solent was part of a river flowing south east from current day Poole Harbour towards mid-Channel. As sea levels rose, the river valley became flooded, and the chalk ridge line west of the Needles breached to form the ...
what part of maryland is close to washington dc	[ "Charles County", "Calvert County", "Montgomery County", "Washington metropolitan area", "Prince George's County", "Frederick County" ]	[ { "title": "Washington metropolitan area", "text": "The Washington metropolitan area is the metropolitan area centered on Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. The area includes all of the federal district and parts of the U.S. states of Maryland and Virginia, along with a small portion of Wes...	{ "title": "Washington metropolitan area", "long_answer": "The Washington metropolitan area is the metropolitan area centered on Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. The area includes all of the federal district and parts of the U.S. states of Maryland and Virginia, along with a small portion of West...
when was the last time giants won superbowl	[ "2011" ]	[ { "title": "New York Giants", "text": "in 1925, and is the only one of that group still existing, as well as the league's longest-established team in the Northeastern United States. The team ranks third among all NFL franchises with eight NFL championship titles: four in the pre–Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, ...	{ "title": "New York Giants", "long_answer": "The Giants were one of five teams that joined the NFL in 1925, and is the only one of that group still existing, as well as the league's longest-established team in the Northeastern United States. The team ranks third among all NFL franchises with eight NFL championship...
1 the bureau of land management manages over acres of land in the united states	[ "247.3 million" ]	[ { "title": "Bureau of Land Management", "text": "The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior that administers more than 247.3 million acres (1,001,000 km) of public lands in the United States which constitutes one-eighth of the landmass of the country...	{ "title": "Bureau of Land Management", "long_answer": "The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior that administers more than 247.3 million acres (1,001,000 km) of public lands in the United States which constitutes one-eighth of the landmass of the country....
who plays the lion in the movie zookeeper	[ "Sylvester Stallone" ]	[ { "title": "Zookeeper (film)", "text": "animals hold a meeting saying that they think Griffin is the best zookeeper at the zoo and don't want him to leave, so they decide to find some way to help him win Stephanie's heart. Jerome the Bear (Jon Favreau) suggests that they teach Griffin their animal mating te...	{ "title": "Zookeeper (film)", "long_answer": "Later, the animals hold a meeting saying that they think Griffin is the best zookeeper at the zoo and don't want him to leave, so they decide to find some way to help him win Stephanie's heart. Jerome the Bear (Jon Favreau) suggests that they teach Griffin their animal...
what is the speed of the nascar pace car	[ "pit road speed" ]	[ { "title": "Safety car", "text": "Since NASCAR does not allow speedometers or electronic speed limiting devices, the pace car circles the track at pit road speed during the warm-up laps. This allows each driver to note the RPM at which pit road speed is maintained. Drivers exceeding that speed on pit road ...	{ "title": "Safety car", "long_answer": "Since NASCAR does not allow speedometers or electronic speed limiting devices, the pace car circles the track at pit road speed during the warm-up laps. This allows each driver to note the RPM at which pit road speed is maintained. Drivers exceeding that speed on pit road wi...
what was the emperor name in star wars	[ "Darth Sidious", "Sheev Palpatine" ]	[ { "title": "Palpatine", "text": "Sheev Palpatine, (colloquial: Darth Sidious and The Emperor) is a fictional character and one of the primary antagonists of the Star Wars franchise, mainly portrayed by Ian McDiarmid. In the original trilogy, he is depicted as the aged, pale-faced and cloaked Emperor of the...	{ "title": "Palpatine", "long_answer": "Sheev Palpatine, (colloquial: Darth Sidious and The Emperor) is a fictional character and one of the primary antagonists of the Star Wars franchise, mainly portrayed by Ian McDiarmid. In the original trilogy, he is depicted as the aged, pale-faced and cloaked Emperor of the G...
who is the original singer of fool if you think it's over	[ "Chris Rea" ]	[ { "title": "Fool (If You Think It's Over)", "text": "\"Fool (If You Think It's Over)\" is the title of a popular song originally publicly released in 1978 by the British singer-songwriter Chris Rea. Rea also wrote the words and composed the music of the song, which appears on his 1978 debut album, Whatever...	{ "title": "Fool (If You Think It's Over)", "long_answer": "\"Fool (If You Think It's Over)\" is the title of a popular song originally publicly released in 1978 by the British singer-songwriter Chris Rea. Rea also wrote the words and composed the music of the song, which appears on his 1978 debut album, Whatever H...
who played the female lead in the 1942 film casablanca	[ "romantic drama", "Ingrid Bergman" ]	[ { "title": "Casablanca (film)", "text": "Casablanca is a 1942 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Curtiz based on Murray Burnett and Joan Alison's unproduced stage play Everybody Comes to Rick's. The film stars Humphrey Bogart, Ingrid Bergman, and Paul Henreid; it also features Claude Rains, Co...	{ "title": "Casablanca (film)", "long_answer": "Casablanca is a 1942 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Curtiz based on Murray Burnett and Joan Alison's unproduced stage play Everybody Comes to Rick's. The film stars Humphrey Bogart, Ingrid Bergman, and Paul Henreid; it also features Claude Rains, Con...
where did they get the vibranium to make captain americas shield	[ "Wakanda" ]	[ { "title": "Captain America's shield", "text": "While the origin and fate of the original shield were not described in the original comics from the 1940s, the shield's fate was revealed decades later in 2001 through a retconned story. According to the tale, King T'Chaka of the African nation Wakanda met Cap...	{ "title": "Captain America's shield", "long_answer": "While the origin and fate of the original shield were not described in the original comics from the 1940s, the shield's fate was revealed decades later in 2001 through a retconned story. According to the tale, King T'Chaka of the African nation Wakanda met Capt...
when did radio shack change to the source	[ "April 26, 2005", "2005" ]	[ { "title": "The Source (retailer)", "text": "On April 26, 2005, Circuit City announced that the stores would be renamed The Source by Circuit City (La Source par Circuit City in Quebec). The rebranding process was completed in the majority of the chain's Canadian stores by July 1, 2005. The chain also intr...	{ "title": "The Source (retailer)", "long_answer": "On April 26, 2005, Circuit City announced that the stores would be renamed The Source by Circuit City (La Source par Circuit City in Quebec). The rebranding process was completed in the majority of the chain's Canadian stores by July 1, 2005. The chain also introd...
which state was returned to spain after the revolutionary war	[ "Florida", "Menorca" ]	[ { "title": "Spain and the American Revolutionary War", "text": "The reforms made by Spanish authorities as a result of Spain's poor performance in the Seven Years' War had proved generally successful. As a result, Spain retained Menorca and West Florida in the Treaty of Paris and also regained East Florida....	{ "title": "Spain and the American Revolutionary War", "long_answer": "The reforms made by Spanish authorities as a result of Spain's poor performance in the Seven Years' War had proved generally successful. As a result, Spain retained Menorca and West Florida in the Treaty of Paris and also regained East Florida. ...
when did we find out the smoking man was mulder's father	[ "Later in the sixth season", "in the sixth season" ]	[ { "title": "Cigarette Smoking Man", "text": "rebels, the Syndicate members meet at El Rico Air Base to be transported to a spaceship to survive the colonization. However, the rebels appear instead of the Colonists and kill all remaining chief members of the Syndicate. Together with Fowley, the Smoking Man e...	{ "title": "Cigarette Smoking Man", "long_answer": "In later seasons, it is revealed that he is a member of a group known as the Syndicate, a shadowy organization within the United States government. The episode \"Two Fathers\" reveals his birthname or alias as C.G.B. Spender, and that he was formerly married to Ca...
how did leo dalton die in silent witness	[ "in an explosion" ]	[ { "title": "Silent Witness", "text": "During the fifteenth series Dr Cunningham leaves to accept a position in New York City. He is replaced by forensics expert Jack Hodgson (David Caves) and his assistant Clarissa Mullery (Liz Carr). During the sixteenth series Dr Dalton is killed in an explosion. His rep...	{ "title": "Silent Witness", "long_answer": "During the fifteenth series Dr Cunningham leaves to accept a position in New York City. He is replaced by forensics expert Jack Hodgson (David Caves) and his assistant Clarissa Mullery (Liz Carr). During the sixteenth series Dr Dalton is killed in an explosion. His repla...
public companies are part of what economic sector	[ "public sector", "The public sector" ]	[ { "title": "Public sector", "text": "The public sector (also called the state sector) is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title":...	{ "title": "Public sector", "long_answer": "The public sector (also called the state sector) is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises.", "chunked_long_answer": "The public sector (also called the state sector) is the part of the economy composed of both public services an...
who played young clark kent in 1978 superman	[ "Jeff East" ]	[ { "title": "Jeff East", "text": "Jeff East (born October 27, 1957) is an American actor. Beginning his professional acting career at the age of fourteen, East is known for his portrayal of Huckleberry Finn in the United Artists feature films Tom Sawyer (1973) and Huckleberry Finn (1974), as well as for his...	{ "title": "Jeff East", "long_answer": "Jeff East (born October 27, 1957) is an American actor. Beginning his professional acting career at the age of fourteen, East is known for his portrayal of Huckleberry Finn in the United Artists feature films Tom Sawyer (1973) and Huckleberry Finn (1974), as well as for his p...
who formed the indian society of oriental art	[ "Abanindranath Tagore CIE", "Abanindranath Tagore" ]	[ { "title": "Abanindranath Tagore", "text": "Abanindranath Tagore CIE (অবনীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর) (7 August 1871 – 5 December 1951) was the principal artist and creator of the \"Indian Society of Oriental Art\". He was also the first major exponent of Swadeshi values in Indian art, thereby founding the influential...	{ "title": "Abanindranath Tagore", "long_answer": "Abanindranath Tagore CIE (অবনীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর) (7 August 1871 – 5 December 1951) was the principal artist and creator of the \"Indian Society of Oriental Art\". He was also the first major exponent of Swadeshi values in Indian art, thereby founding the influential B...
who discovered that plants were made of cells	[ "Parashara" ]	[ { "title": "History of botany", "text": "In India simple artificial plant classification systems of the Rigveda, Atharvaveda and Taittiriya Samhita became more botanical with the work of Parashara (c. 400 – c. 500 AD), the author of Vṛksayurveda (the science of life of trees). He made close observations of...	{ "title": "History of botany", "long_answer": "In India simple artificial plant classification systems of the Rigveda, Atharvaveda and Taittiriya Samhita became more botanical with the work of Parashara (c. 400 – c. 500 AD), the author of Vṛksayurveda (the science of life of trees). He made close observations of c...
when was the suite life of zack and cody made	[ "March 18, 2005", "September 1, 2008", "2005" ]	[ { "title": "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody", "text": "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody is an American sitcom created by Danny Kallis and Jim Geoghan. The series was first broadcast on Disney Channel on March 18, 2005, with 4 million viewers, making it the most successful premiere for Disney Channel in 2005. It...	{ "title": "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody", "long_answer": "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody is an American sitcom created by Danny Kallis and Jim Geoghan. The series was first broadcast on Disney Channel on March 18, 2005, with 4 million viewers, making it the most successful premiere for Disney Channel in 2005. It w...
where does the sun hit the us first	[ "the summit of Cadillac Mountain" ]	[ { "title": "Cadillac Mountain", "text": "Driving or hiking to the summit of Cadillac Mountain to see \"the nation's first sunrise\" is a popular activity among visitors of Acadia National Park. However, Cadillac only sees the first sunrise in the fall and winter, when the sun rises south of due east. Durin...	{ "title": "Cadillac Mountain", "long_answer": "Driving or hiking to the summit of Cadillac Mountain to see \"the nation's first sunrise\" is a popular activity among visitors of Acadia National Park. However, Cadillac only sees the first sunrise in the fall and winter, when the sun rises south of due east. During ...
who's flag is red white and green	[ "Hungary" ]	[ { "title": "Flag of Hungary", "text": "The flag of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország zászlaja) is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green. In this exact form, it has been the official flag of Hungary since May 23, 1957. The flag's form originates from national republican movements of the 18th and 19t...	{ "title": "Flag of Hungary", "long_answer": "The flag of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország zászlaja) is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green. In this exact form, it has been the official flag of Hungary since May 23, 1957. The flag's form originates from national republican movements of the 18th and 19th ...
who wrote if she knew what she wants	[ "Jules Shear" ]	[ { "title": "If She Knew What She Wants", "text": "\"If She Knew What She Wants\" is a song by Jules Shear released on his 1985 album The Eternal Return. The song was recorded a year later by The Bangles for their 1986 album, Different Light.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, ...	{ "title": "If She Knew What She Wants", "long_answer": "\"If She Knew What She Wants\" is a song by Jules Shear released on his 1985 album The Eternal Return. The song was recorded a year later by The Bangles for their 1986 album, Different Light.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"If She Knew What She Wants\" is a son...
where does the last name tavarez come from	[ "Spanish" ]	[ { "title": "Tavarez", "text": "Tavarez is a Spanish surname, the Portuguese version of this surname is Tavares. It may refer to:", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Tavares, Florida", "text": "Tavare...	{ "title": "Tavarez", "long_answer": "Tavarez is a Spanish surname, the Portuguese version of this surname is Tavares. It may refer to:", "chunked_long_answer": "Tavarez is a Spanish surname, the Portuguese version of this surname is Tavares. It may refer to:", "short_answers": [ "Spanish" ] }
who wrote from now on from the greatest showman	[ "Joseph Trapanese", "John Debney", "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul" ]	[ { "title": "The Greatest Showman", "text": "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote nine songs.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "The Greatest Showman", "text": "The Greatest Showman The Greatest Showman i...	{ "title": "The Greatest Showman", "long_answer": "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote nine songs.", "chunked_long_answer": "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote nine songs.", "short_answers": [ "Benj Pasek and Justin Paul" ] }
who sang nice day for a white wedding	[ "Billy Idol" ]	[ { "title": "White Wedding (song)", "text": "\"White Wedding\" is a song by Billy Idol that appeared on his album Billy Idol in 1982. It is often considered one of his most recognisable songs, although other Idol songs charted higher. It peaked at No. 108 on the Billboard Bubbling Under the Hot 100 on its o...	{ "title": "White Wedding (song)", "long_answer": "\"White Wedding\" is a song by Billy Idol that appeared on his album Billy Idol in 1982. It is often considered one of his most recognisable songs, although other Idol songs charted higher. It peaked at No. 108 on the Billboard Bubbling Under the Hot 100 on its ori...
who is the authority or governing body of mca	[ "Indian government" ]	[ { "title": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs", "text": "The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) is an Indian government ministry. This Ministry is primarily concerned with administration of the Companies Act 2013, the Companies Act 1956, the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 & other allied Acts and rules...	{ "title": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs", "long_answer": "The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) is an Indian government ministry.This Ministry is primarily concerned with administration of the Companies Act 2013, the Companies Act 1956, the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 & other allied Acts and rules &...
where does sound travel fastest solid liquid or gas	[ "solids" ]	[ { "title": "Speed of sound", "text": "In common everyday speech, speed of sound refers to the speed of sound waves in air. However, the speed of sound varies from substance to substance: sound travels most slowly in gases; it travels faster in liquids; and faster still in solids. For example, (as noted abo...	{ "title": "Speed of sound", "long_answer": "In common everyday speech, speed of sound refers to the speed of sound waves in air. However, the speed of sound varies from substance to substance: sound travels most slowly in gases; it travels faster in liquids; and faster still in solids. For example, (as noted above...
what is the top speed of thrust ssc	[ "1,228 km/h" ]	[ { "title": "ThrustSSC", "text": "Thrust SSC holds the world land speed record, set on 15 October 1997, when it achieved a speed of 1,228 km/h (763 mph) and became the first land vehicle to officially break the sound barrier.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, ...	{ "title": "ThrustSSC", "long_answer": "Thrust SSC holds the world land speed record, set on 15 October 1997, when it achieved a speed of 1,228 km/h (763 mph) and became the first land vehicle to officially break the sound barrier.", "chunked_long_answer": "Thrust SSC holds the world land speed record, set on 15 ...
who was president when the panama canal was built	[ "Theodore Roosevelt", "President Theodore Roosevelt" ]	[ { "title": "Panama Canal", "text": "renewable lease in perpetuity from Colombia on the land proposed for the canal. The treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate on March 14, 1903, but the Senate of Colombia did not ratify it. Bunau-Varilla told President Theodore Roosevelt and Hay of a possible revolt by Pana...	{ "title": "Panama Canal", "long_answer": "On January 22, 1903, the Hay–Herrán Treaty was signed by United States Secretary of State John M. Hay and Colombian Chargé Dr. Tomás Herrán. For $10 million and an annual payment it would have granted the United States a renewable lease in perpetuity from Colombia on the l...
who is super bowl 2018 half time show	[ "Justin Timberlake" ]	[ { "title": "Super Bowl LII halftime show", "text": "The Super Bowl LII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show) took place on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as part of Super Bowl LII. Justin Timberlake was the featured performer, as confirm...	{ "title": "Super Bowl LII halftime show", "long_answer": "The Super Bowl LII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show) took place on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as part of Super Bowl LII. Justin Timberlake was the featured performer, as confirme...
where does prime rib come from on a cow	[ "the primal rib" ]	[ { "title": "Standing rib roast", "text": "A standing rib roast, also known as prime rib, is a cut of beef from the primal rib, one of the nine primal cuts of beef. While the entire rib section comprises ribs six through 12, a standing rib roast may contain anywhere from two to seven ribs.", "hasanswer"...	{ "title": "Standing rib roast", "long_answer": "A standing rib roast, also known as prime rib, is a cut of beef from the primal rib, one of the nine primal cuts of beef. While the entire rib section comprises ribs six through 12, a standing rib roast may contain anywhere from two to seven ribs.", "chunked_long_a...
who enforces the charter of rights and freedoms	[ "Supreme Court of Canada", "the courts", "courts", "The courts" ]	[ { "title": "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms", "text": "The task of interpreting and enforcing the Charter falls to the courts, with the Supreme Court of Canada being the ultimate authority on the matter.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_re...	{ "title": "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms", "long_answer": "The task of interpreting and enforcing the Charter falls to the courts, with the Supreme Court of Canada being the ultimate authority on the matter.", "chunked_long_answer": "The task of interpreting and enforcing the Charter falls to the court...
who plays joker in batman the dark knight	[ "Ledger" ]	[ { "title": "Heath Ledger", "text": "Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs. A few months before his death, Ledger had finished filming his performance as The Joker in The Dark Knight. His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of fil...	{ "title": "Heath Ledger", "long_answer": "Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs. A few months before his death, Ledger had finished filming his performance as The Joker in The Dark Knight. His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of film...
who validated the civil rights movement by proclaiming we shall overcome	[ "President Lyndon Johnson", "Guy Carawan", "Lucille Simmons" ]	[ { "title": "We Shall Overcome", "text": "The song became associated with the Civil Rights Movement from 1959, when Guy Carawan stepped in with his and Seeger's version as song leader at Highlander, which was then focused on nonviolent civil rights activism. It quickly became the movement's unofficial anthe...	{ "title": "We Shall Overcome", "long_answer": "The song became associated with the Civil Rights Movement from 1959, when Guy Carawan stepped in with his and Seeger's version as song leader at Highlander, which was then focused on nonviolent civil rights activism. It quickly became the movement's unofficial anthem....
who developed a set of postulates to prove that specific microorganisms cause disease	[ "Robert Koch", "Friedrich Loeffler" ]	[ { "title": "Koch's postulates", "text": "Koch's postulates (/ˈkɔːx/) are four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease. The postulates were formulated by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier concepts described by Jakob Henle, and refined...	{ "title": "Koch's postulates", "long_answer": "Koch's postulates (/ˈkɔːx/) are four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease. The postulates were formulated by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier concepts described by Jakob Henle, and refined ...