id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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56e0f1b27aa994140058e7e6 | Man in Space Soonest was reestablished as what in November 26, 1958? | Project Mercury | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe US Air Force had been developing a program to launch the first man in space, named Man in Space Soonest. This program studied several different types of one-man space vehicles, settling on a ballistic re-entry capsule launched on a derivative Atlas missile, and selecting a group of nine candidate... |
56e0f229231d4119001ac4b2 | The first American to travel into space was whom? | Alan Shepard | [
"Space_Race\n\nThree weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's atti... |
56e0f229231d4119001ac4b3 | When did Alan Shepard first arrive in space? | May 5, 1961 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThree weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's atti... |
56e0f229231d4119001ac4b4 | The spaceship that carried Alan Shepard was named what? | Freedom 7 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThree weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's atti... |
56e0f229231d4119001ac4b5 | The first person to have control over driving their spacecraft was whom? | Alan Shepard | [
"Space_Race\n\nThree weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's atti... |
56e0f229231d4119001ac4b6 | Which president awarded Alan Shepard the NASA Distinguished Service Medal? | John F. Kennedy | [
"Space_Race\n\nThree weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's atti... |
56e0f281231d4119001ac4bc | President Kennedy sent a letter on April 20, 1961 to who about the US's space program? | Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson | [
"Space_Race\n\nGagarin's flight changed this; now Kennedy sensed the humiliation and fear on the part of the American public over the Soviet lead. He sent a memo dated April 20, 1961, to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking him to look into the state of America's space program, and into programs that could offe... |
56e0f2ae231d4119001ac4be | The speech by Kennedy, "Special Message on Urgent National Needs" was delivered on what date? | May 25 | [
"Space_Race\n\nKennedy ultimately decided to pursue what became the Apollo program, and on May 25 took the opportunity to ask for Congressional support in a Cold War speech titled \"Special Message on Urgent National Needs\". Full text"
] |
56e0f3a5231d4119001ac4d2 | "We choose to go to the Moon" speech was given at what location in Texas? | Rice University Stadium | [
"Space_Race\n\nHe justified the program in terms of its importance to national security, and its focus of the nation's energies on other scientific and social fields. He rallied popular support for the program in his \"We choose to go to the Moon\" speech, on September 12, 1962, before a large crowd at Rice Univers... |
56e0f4db7aa994140058e811 | The first American to orbit around the planet was whom? | John Glenn | [
"Space_Race\n\nAmerican Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three or... |
56e0f4db7aa994140058e812 | When did John Glenn orbit the Earth? | February 20, 1962 | [
"Space_Race\n\nAmerican Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three or... |
56e0f4db7aa994140058e813 | Where did John Glenn land on Earth after coming back from orbit? | Atlantic Ocean | [
"Space_Race\n\nAmerican Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three or... |
56e0f4db7aa994140058e815 | John Glenn's spaceship was named what when he orbited the Earth? | Friendship 7 | [
"Space_Race\n\nAmerican Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three or... |
56e0f5587aa994140058e81b | How many more Mercury missions were there after John Glenn's? | 3 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one mo... |
56e0f6177aa994140058e829 | What first person from the USSR controlled their own spacecraft? | Gherman Titov | [
"Space_Race\n\nGherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and... |
56e0f6177aa994140058e82a | Gherman Titov from the USSR drove his own spacecraft on what date? | August 6, 1961 | [
"Space_Race\n\nGherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and... |
56e0f6177aa994140058e82c | Radio communication was possible between which two spacecrafts in August 11 and 12, 1962? | Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 | [
"Space_Race\n\nGherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and... |
56e0f68f7aa994140058e833 | The first woman that went into space was whom? | Valentina Tereshkova | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda ... |
56e0f68f7aa994140058e834 | What spacecraft carried Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space? | Vostok 6 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda ... |
56e0f68f7aa994140058e836 | The first woman to launch into space was on what date? | June 16, 1963 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda ... |
56e0f68f7aa994140058e837 | The first woman to go into space was from which country? | The USSR | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda ... |
56e0f6c27aa994140058e83d | At what event was the Vostok spaceship first displayed to the public ? | July 1961 Tushino air show | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviets kept the details and true appearance of the Vostok capsule secret until the April 1965 Moscow Economic Exhibition, where it was first displayed without its aerodynamic nose cone concealing the spherical capsule. The \"Vostok spaceship\" had been first displayed at the July 1961 Tushino ai... |
56e0f6f47aa994140058e83f | When did US President John F. Kennedy, in a speech, propose to join forces to reach the moon with the USSR? | September 20, 1963 | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn September 20, 1963, in a speech before the United Nations General Assembly, President Kennedy proposed that the United States and the Soviet Union join forces in their efforts to reach the Moon. Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev initially rejected Kennedy's proposal."
] |
56e0f770231d4119001ac500 | President Kennedy was killed when? | November 22, 1963 | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn October 2, 1997, it was reported that Khrushchev's son Sergei claimed Khrushchev was poised to accept Kennedy's proposal at the time of Kennedy's assassination on November 22, 1963. During the next few weeks he reportedly concluded that both nations might realize cost benefits and technological ga... |
56e0f770231d4119001ac501 | How did US President Kennedy die? | assassination | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn October 2, 1997, it was reported that Khrushchev's son Sergei claimed Khrushchev was poised to accept Kennedy's proposal at the time of Kennedy's assassination on November 22, 1963. During the next few weeks he reportedly concluded that both nations might realize cost benefits and technological ga... |
56e0f7ab7aa994140058e841 | What two locations in Florida were renamed after Kennedy by President Johnson? | Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities | [
"Space_Race\n\nAs President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy."
] |
56e0f7ab7aa994140058e842 | Which two space programs were heavily worked on by President Johnson? | Gemini and Apollo | [
"Space_Race\n\nAs President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy."
] |
56e0f816231d4119001ac510 | What year was the Gemini project confirmed? | 1962 | [
"Space_Race\n\nFocused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simula... |
56e0f816231d4119001ac511 | How many people could the Gemini project carry? | 2 | [
"Space_Race\n\nFocused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simula... |
56e0f975231d4119001ac516 | On what date was the first successful three man astronaut crew? | October 12, 1964 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA \"spacewalk\" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowi... |
56e0f975231d4119001ac517 | The first flight in a spacecraft that allowed no suits to be worn inside was was? | Voskhod 1 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA \"spacewalk\" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowi... |
56e0f975231d4119001ac518 | The US Apollo Command Module flew without spacesuits in what year? | 1968 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA \"spacewalk\" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowi... |
56e0f9d7231d4119001ac51c | Korolev died on what date? | January 14, 1966 | [
"Space_Race\n\nBetween October 14–16, 1964, Leonid Brezhnev and a small cadre of high-ranking Communist Party officials, deposed Khrushchev as Soviet government leader a day after Voskhod 1 landed, in what was called the \"Wednesday conspiracy\". The new political leaders, along with Korolev, ended the technologica... |
56e0fa4e231d4119001ac51e | The Voskhod 2 carrying two humans was launched on what date? | March 18, 1965 | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock ... |
56e0fa4e231d4119001ac51f | Who was the first person to take a spacewalk? | Alexey Leonov | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock ... |
56e0fa4e231d4119001ac520 | Which of two Voskhod 2's occupants was almost killed? | Alexey Leonov | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock ... |
56e0fa807aa994140058e861 | Project Gemini helped recruit experienced people for which upcoming lunar missions? | Apollo | [
"Space_Race\n\nMost of the novice pilots on the early missions would command the later missions. In this way, Project Gemini built up spaceflight experience for the pool of astronauts who would be chosen to fly the Apollo lunar missions."
] |
56e0fb41231d4119001ac52c | Who created the circumlunar program called Zond? | Vladimir Chelomey | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe circumlunar program (Zond), created by Vladimir Chelomey's design bureau OKB-52, was to fly two cosmonauts in a stripped-down Soyuz 7K-L1, launched by Chelomey's Proton UR-500 rocket. The Zond sacrificed habitable cabin volume for equipment, by omitting the Soyuz orbital module. Chelomey gained f... |
56e0fb41231d4119001ac52d | Which type of craft were two astronauts to fly in during Zond? | Soyuz 7K-L1 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe circumlunar program (Zond), created by Vladimir Chelomey's design bureau OKB-52, was to fly two cosmonauts in a stripped-down Soyuz 7K-L1, launched by Chelomey's Proton UR-500 rocket. The Zond sacrificed habitable cabin volume for equipment, by omitting the Soyuz orbital module. Chelomey gained f... |
56e0fba6231d4119001ac53b | The "Lunniy Korabl" or "LK" would carry how many people? | N1 | [
"Space_Race\n\nKorolev's lunar landing program was designated N1/L3, for its N1 superbooster and a more advanced Soyuz 7K-L3 spacecraft, also known as the lunar orbital module (\"Lunniy Orbitalny Korabl\", LOK), with a crew of two. A separate lunar lander (\"Lunniy Korabl\", LK), would carry a single cosmonaut to t... |
56e0fbf67aa994140058e873 | The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was established in what year? | 1959 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959."
] |
56e0fbf67aa994140058e874 | The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was created by what organization in 1959? | United Nations | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959."
] |
56e0fcef231d4119001ac548 | A problem was resolved by whom when both the US and the USSR supported a cooperative space program? | Political Committee of the UN General Assembly | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn May 10, 1962, Vice President Johnson addressed the Second National Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Space revealing that the United States and the USSR both supported a resolution passed by the Political Committee of the UN General Assembly on December 1962, which not only urged member nations t... |
56e0fcef231d4119001ac549 | The cooperative space program was passed on what date? | December 1962 | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn May 10, 1962, Vice President Johnson addressed the Second National Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Space revealing that the United States and the USSR both supported a resolution passed by the Political Committee of the UN General Assembly on December 1962, which not only urged member nations t... |
56e0fd56231d4119001ac552 | The Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space was signed by three countries on what date? | January 27, 1967 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe UN ultimately created a Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, which was signed by the United States, USSR, and the United Kingdom on January 27, 1967 and went into force the following Octob... |
56e0fd867aa994140058e889 | Both crews were killed on which spacecraft missions in 1967? | Apollo and Soyuz | [
"Space_Race\n\nIn 1967, both nations faced serious challenges that brought their programs to temporary halts. Both had been rushing at full-speed toward the first piloted flights of Apollo and Soyuz, without paying due diligence to growing design and manufacturing problems. The results proved fatal to both pioneeri... |
56e0fe47cd28a01900c673f1 | The Outer Space Treaty was signed by the US and the USSR on what date? | January 27, 1967 | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were killed in a fire that swept through their spacecraft cabin during a ground te... |
56e0fe47cd28a01900c673f4 | What was the cause of the fire that killed everyone on the first Apollo mission before launch? | electrical spark | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were killed in a fire that swept through their spacecraft cabin during a ground te... |
56e0fe47cd28a01900c673f5 | Who were the three people who died on the first Apollo mission before launch? | Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were killed in a fire that swept through their spacecraft cabin during a ground te... |
56e0fedde3433e1400422a74 | Who was the person credited with the first in-flight space death? | Vladimir Komarov | [
"Space_Race\n\nMeanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns \"were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday.\"[citation needed] On April 24, 19... |
56e0fedde3433e1400422a76 | When did Vladimir Komarov die on impact from his spacecraft crash? | April 24, 1967 | [
"Space_Race\n\nMeanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns \"were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday.\"[citation needed] On April 24, 19... |
56e0ff55e3433e1400422a7c | Apollo 7 launched from Earth on what date? | October 11, 1968 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and ear... |
56e0ff55e3433e1400422a7d | Who was in charge of the Apollo 7 mission on board? | Walter Schirra | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and ear... |
56e10477e3433e1400422ac4 | The Soyuz 3 began its mission to space on what date? | October 26, 1968 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meter... |
56e10477e3433e1400422ac5 | When was the first successful docking of a two man space crew? | January 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meter... |
56e10477e3433e1400422ac6 | Which two space missions were the first to successfully dock each other? | Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meter... |
56e104dfcd28a01900c67447 | Where was the Zond 4 over when it was destroyed by an explosion? | Gulf of Guinea | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Soviet Zond spacecraft was not yet ready for piloted circumlunar missions in 1968, after five unsuccessful and partially successful automated test launches: Cosmos 146 on March 10, 1967; Cosmos 154 on April 8, 1967; Zond 1967A September 27, 1967; Zond 1967B on November 22, 1967. Zond 4 was launch... |
56e10565e3433e1400422ade | The first successful water landing in the Indian Ocean by the Soviets was was when? | 1968 | [
"Space_Race\n\nDuring the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and se... |
56e10565e3433e1400422adf | What animal was carried aboard the Zond 5? | tortoises | [
"Space_Race\n\nDuring the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and se... |
56e10565e3433e1400422ae0 | The first Lunar Module was delayed to what date? | March 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nDuring the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and se... |
56e1063ecd28a01900c67453 | Which three people were the first to ride the Saturn V rocket into space? | Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty... |
56e1063ecd28a01900c67454 | What date did Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders leave Earth on the Apollo 8 mission? | December 21, 1968 | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty... |
56e1063ecd28a01900c67456 | During what holiday, was the Apollo 8 mission broadcast from orbit? | Christmas Eve | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty... |
56e1063ecd28a01900c67457 | Which ocean did the Apolo 8 mission land in? | Pacific | [
"Space_Race\n\nOn December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty... |
56e1069ce3433e1400422aec | How close to the ground was the Lunar Module in May 1969 during its landing test? | 47,400 feet | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a \"dress rehearsal\" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surfa... |
56e1069ce3433e1400422aed | The Lunar Module completed its first low Earth orbit on what date? | March 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a \"dress rehearsal\" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surfa... |
56e106e0cd28a01900c6745d | The Soviet, N1 Rocket exploded and was destroyed on what date? | July 3, 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nUnknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engin... |
56e1077ecd28a01900c67469 | Apollo 11 mission was to land where on the Moon? | Sea of Tranquility | [
"Space_Race\n\nApollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin \"Buzz\" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just be... |
56e1077ecd28a01900c6746b | When did the Apollo 11 mission launch? | July 16, 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nApollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin \"Buzz\" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just be... |
56e1077ecd28a01900c6746c | What state did the Saturn V rocket launch from? | Florida | [
"Space_Race\n\nApollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin \"Buzz\" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just be... |
56e1077ecd28a01900c6746d | When was the crew chosen to participate on the Apollo 11 mission? | January 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nApollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin \"Buzz\" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just be... |
56e107fecd28a01900c67473 | How long did the trip to the Moon last for the crew of the Apollo 11? | three days | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload ... |
56e107fecd28a01900c67474 | The Lunar Module of the Apollo 11 was named after what animal? | Eagle | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload ... |
56e107fecd28a01900c67475 | Who was the first human to take a step on the Moon? | Armstrong | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload ... |
56e107fecd28a01900c67476 | At what time on Earth did Armstrong first step onto the Moon? | 9:56 pm CDT July 20 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload ... |
56e10894e3433e1400422b04 | How many people saw the first step onto the Moon? | 723 million | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first step was witnessed by at least one-fifth of the population of Earth, or about 723 million people. His first words when he stepped off the LM's landing footpad were, \"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.\" Aldrin joined him on the surface almost 20 minutes later. A... |
56e10894e3433e1400422b07 | When did they launch from the Moon to reattach to the Columbia? | The next day | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first step was witnessed by at least one-fifth of the population of Earth, or about 723 million people. His first words when he stepped off the LM's landing footpad were, \"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.\" Aldrin joined him on the surface almost 20 minutes later. A... |
56e108fce3433e1400422b14 | When did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? | July 24, 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nApollo 11 left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was ... |
56e108fce3433e1400422b15 | Where did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? | Pacific Ocean | [
"Space_Race\n\nApollo 11 left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was ... |
56e10a04cd28a01900c674a1 | When was the second landing on the Moon successful? | November 1969 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting ... |
56e10a04cd28a01900c674a2 | When did the Apollo 14 mission land successfully? | February 1971 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting ... |
56e10a04cd28a01900c674a3 | Apollo 15 landed on the Moon on what date? | July 1971 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting ... |
56e10a04cd28a01900c674a4 | On what date was the Apollo 16 successful on landing on the Moon? | April 1972 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting ... |
56e10a04cd28a01900c674a5 | Apollo 17 landed on the Moon on which date? | December 1972 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting ... |
56e10a3be3433e1400422b22 | Which year did the USSR cancel the N1 rocket program after two failures that didn't launch? | 1976 | [
"Space_Race\n\nMeanwhile, the USSR continued briefly trying to perfect their N1 rocket, finally canceling it in 1976, after two more launch failures in 1971 and 1972."
] |
56e10bf4cd28a01900c674c3 | The USSR launched their first space station on what date? | April 19, 1971 | [
"Space_Race\n\nHaving lost the race to the Moon, the USSR decided to concentrate on orbital space stations. During 1969 and 1970, they launched six more Soyuz flights after Soyuz 3, then launched the first space station, the Salyut 1 laboratory designed by Kerim Kerimov, on April 19, 1971. Three days later, the Soy... |
56e10bf4cd28a01900c674c4 | Who made up the crew of the Soyuz 11? | Vladislav Volkov, Georgi Dobrovolski and Viktor Patsayev | [
"Space_Race\n\nHaving lost the race to the Moon, the USSR decided to concentrate on orbital space stations. During 1969 and 1970, they launched six more Soyuz flights after Soyuz 3, then launched the first space station, the Salyut 1 laboratory designed by Kerim Kerimov, on April 19, 1971. Three days later, the Soy... |
56e10ff6e3433e1400422b70 | The station, Salyut 1, came back to Earth on which date? | October 11 | [
"Space_Race\n\nSalyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class ... |
56e10ff6e3433e1400422b71 | How long did the station, Salyut 1, stay in orbit? | 175 days | [
"Space_Race\n\nSalyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class ... |
56e10ff6e3433e1400422b72 | Why did The Durable Orbital Station-2 not reach orbit? | rocket failure | [
"Space_Race\n\nSalyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class ... |
56e1108ce3433e1400422b7c | The Skylab 1 was launched on which date? | May 14, 1973 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar p... |
56e1108ce3433e1400422b7d | How much did the Skylab 1 weigh? | 169,950 pounds | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar p... |
56e1108ce3433e1400422b7f | When did the Skylab 1 finally come back to Earth? | July 11, 1979 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar p... |
56e11109cd28a01900c6753b | Which two world leaders had negotiations that relieved the Cold War? | Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev | [
"Space_Race\n\nIn May 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev negotiated an easing of relations known as detente, creating a temporary \"thaw\" in the Cold War. In the spirit of good sportsmanship, the time seemed right for cooperation rather than competition, and the notion of a continu... |
56e11109cd28a01900c6753c | When did President Nixon and Brezhnev of the USSR end the Cold War? | May 1972 | [
"Space_Race\n\nIn May 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev negotiated an easing of relations known as detente, creating a temporary \"thaw\" in the Cold War. In the spirit of good sportsmanship, the time seemed right for cooperation rather than competition, and the notion of a continu... |
56e11166cd28a01900c6753f | ASTP stands for what? | Apollo-Soyuz Test Project | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet docking system, which allowed any of their craft to dock with any other... |
56e11166cd28a01900c67540 | Which Soyuz mission in December 1974 was to be used for the ASTP? | 16 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet docking system, which allowed any of their craft to dock with any other... |
56e111cecd28a01900c67543 | Soyuz 19 took off from Earth on what date? | July 15, 1975 | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe joint mission began when Soyuz 19 was first launched on July 15, 1975 at 12:20 UTC, and the Apollo craft was launched with the docking module six and a half hours later. The two craft rendezvoused and docked on July 17 at 16:19 UTC. The three astronauts conducted joint experiments with the two co... |
56e11222e3433e1400422b9a | What year did the USSR disband? | 1991 | [
"Space_Race\n\nIn the 1970s, the United States began developing a new generation of reusable orbital spacecraft known as the Space Shuttle, and launched a range of unmanned probes. The USSR continued to develop space station technology with the Salyut program and Mir ('Peace' or 'World', depending on the context) s... |
56e11243e3433e1400422b9e | Which Russian rocket carries passengers to and from the International Space Station? | R-7 rocket | [
"Space_Race\n\nThe Russian R-7 rocket family, which launched the first Sputnik at the beginning of the space race, is still in use today. It services the International Space Station (ISS) as the launcher for both the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft. It also ferries both Russian and American crews to and from the stat... |
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