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56e1be2acd28a01900c67b0f
When was an opinion poll done concerning Valencian?
between 2001 and 2004
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite the position of the official organizations, an opinion poll carried out between 2001 and 2004 showed that the majority of the Valencian people consider Valencian different from Catalan. This position is promoted by people who do not use Valencian regularly. Furthermore, the data indicat...
56e1be2acd28a01900c67b10
Who is less likely to believe that Catalan and Valencian are different?
younger generations
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite the position of the official organizations, an opinion poll carried out between 2001 and 2004 showed that the majority of the Valencian people consider Valencian different from Catalan. This position is promoted by people who do not use Valencian regularly. Furthermore, the data indicat...
56e1be2acd28a01900c67b11
Who uses a Valencian standard separate from Catalan?
Royal Academy of Valencian Culture
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite the position of the official organizations, an opinion poll carried out between 2001 and 2004 showed that the majority of the Valencian people consider Valencian different from Catalan. This position is promoted by people who do not use Valencian regularly. Furthermore, the data indicat...
56e1be2acd28a01900c67b12
How many scholars outside of linguistics agree with the Royal Academy?
A minority
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite the position of the official organizations, an opinion poll carried out between 2001 and 2004 showed that the majority of the Valencian people consider Valencian different from Catalan. This position is promoted by people who do not use Valencian regularly. Furthermore, the data indicat...
56e1c021cd28a01900c67b18
What has produced a great deal of controversy?
clash of opinions
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis clash of opinions has sparked much controversy. For example, during the drafting of the European Constitution in 2004, the Spanish government supplied the EU with translations of the text into Basque, Galician, Catalan, and Valencian, but the latter two were identical." ]
56e1c021cd28a01900c67b1b
When did the EU create the European Constitution?
2004
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis clash of opinions has sparked much controversy. For example, during the drafting of the European Constitution in 2004, the Spanish government supplied the EU with translations of the text into Basque, Galician, Catalan, and Valencian, but the latter two were identical." ]
56e1c021cd28a01900c67b1c
Who gave the EU translations of the European Constitution?
Spanish government
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis clash of opinions has sparked much controversy. For example, during the drafting of the European Constitution in 2004, the Spanish government supplied the EU with translations of the text into Basque, Galician, Catalan, and Valencian, but the latter two were identical." ]
56e1c3c0cd28a01900c67b47
As what can divergence in the groups be shown?
as an archaism
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices. Any lexical divergence within any of the two groups can be explained as an archaism. Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element." ]
56e1c3c0cd28a01900c67b48
How does central Catalan behave with the groups?
as an innovative element
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices. Any lexical divergence within any of the two groups can be explained as an archaism. Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element." ]
56e1c3c0cd28a01900c67b49
What are the two dialectical groups of Catalan?
Eastern and Western
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices. Any lexical divergence within any of the two groups can be explained as an archaism. Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element." ]
56e1c3c0cd28a01900c67b4a
What language has a lexical unity?
Catalan
[ "Catalan_language\n\nDespite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices. Any lexical divergence within any of the two groups can be explained as an archaism. Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element." ]
56e1c607e3433e1400423160
What can use words from different dialects?
Literary Catalan
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLiterary Catalan allows the use of words from different dialects, except those of very restricted use. However, from the 19th century onwards, there is a tendency of favoring words of Northern dialects in detriment of others, even though nowadays there is a greater freedom of choice." ]
56e1c607e3433e1400423161
What kind of words are excepted from literary use?
restricted use
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLiterary Catalan allows the use of words from different dialects, except those of very restricted use. However, from the 19th century onwards, there is a tendency of favoring words of Northern dialects in detriment of others, even though nowadays there is a greater freedom of choice." ]
56e1c607e3433e1400423162
When did the preference of use of words from northern dialects begin?
19th century
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLiterary Catalan allows the use of words from different dialects, except those of very restricted use. However, from the 19th century onwards, there is a tendency of favoring words of Northern dialects in detriment of others, even though nowadays there is a greater freedom of choice." ]
56e1c607e3433e1400423163
What affect did this favoring of northern dialects have on other dialects?
detriment of others
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLiterary Catalan allows the use of words from different dialects, except those of very restricted use. However, from the 19th century onwards, there is a tendency of favoring words of Northern dialects in detriment of others, even though nowadays there is a greater freedom of choice." ]
56e1c607e3433e1400423164
What kind of choice is now available in word choice?
greater freedom of choice
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLiterary Catalan allows the use of words from different dialects, except those of very restricted use. However, from the 19th century onwards, there is a tendency of favoring words of Northern dialects in detriment of others, even though nowadays there is a greater freedom of choice." ]
56e1c818e3433e1400423174
Where does Catalan get a lot of its learned words?
Greek and Latin
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike other languages, Catalan has a large list of learned words from Greek and Latin. This process started very early, and one can find such examples in Ramon Llull's work. On the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries Catalan had a number of Greco-Latin learned words much superior to other Romance...
56e1c818e3433e1400423175
When did the process of acquiring words from Latin and Greek begin?
very early
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike other languages, Catalan has a large list of learned words from Greek and Latin. This process started very early, and one can find such examples in Ramon Llull's work. On the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries Catalan had a number of Greco-Latin learned words much superior to other Romance...
56e1c818e3433e1400423176
In whose work can you find examples of acquired words?
Ramon Llull
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike other languages, Catalan has a large list of learned words from Greek and Latin. This process started very early, and one can find such examples in Ramon Llull's work. On the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries Catalan had a number of Greco-Latin learned words much superior to other Romance...
56e1c818e3433e1400423177
When did Catalan have a greater number of Greco-Latin words than other Romance languages?
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike other languages, Catalan has a large list of learned words from Greek and Latin. This process started very early, and one can find such examples in Ramon Llull's work. On the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries Catalan had a number of Greco-Latin learned words much superior to other Romance...
56e1c818e3433e1400423178
Whose writings are a good example of learned words in Catalan?
Roís de Corella
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike other languages, Catalan has a large list of learned words from Greek and Latin. This process started very early, and one can find such examples in Ramon Llull's work. On the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries Catalan had a number of Greco-Latin learned words much superior to other Romance...
56e1cac5cd28a01900c67b98
What is common in Romance languages?
agglutination
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common. Many times, several affixes are appended to a preexisting lexeme, and some sound alternations can occur, for example elèctric [əˈlɛktrik] (\"electrical\"...
56e1cac5cd28a01900c67b99
What kind of derivation in Catalan is similar to other languages?
morphological
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common. Many times, several affixes are appended to a preexisting lexeme, and some sound alternations can occur, for example elèctric [əˈlɛktrik] (\"electrical\"...
56e1cac5cd28a01900c67b9a
What word additive is usually added to verbs?
Prefixes
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common. Many times, several affixes are appended to a preexisting lexeme, and some sound alternations can occur, for example elèctric [əˈlɛktrik] (\"electrical\"...
56e1cac5cd28a01900c67b9b
What other word changes can occur in derivations?
sound alternations
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common. Many times, several affixes are appended to a preexisting lexeme, and some sound alternations can occur, for example elèctric [əˈlɛktrik] (\"electrical\"...
56e1cac5cd28a01900c67b9c
What word supplement can be put on an already existing word base?
affixes
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common. Many times, several affixes are appended to a preexisting lexeme, and some sound alternations can occur, for example elèctric [əˈlɛktrik] (\"electrical\"...
56e1cd44e3433e140042319d
What is the usual masculine suffix?
-o
[ "Catalan_language\n\nIn gender inflection, the most notable feature is (compared to Portuguese, Spanish or Italian), the loss of the typical masculine suffix -o. Thus, the alternance of -o/-a, has been replaced by ø/-a. There are only a few exceptions, like minso/minsa (\"scarce\"). Many not completely predictable ...
56e1d007e3433e14004231b8
What kind of words does Catalan have few of?
suppletive couplets
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan has few suppletive couplets, like Italian and Spanish, and unlike French. Thus, Catalan has noi/noia (\"boy\"/\"girl\") and gall/gallina (\"cock\"/\"hen\"), whereas French has garçon/fille and coq/poule." ]
56e1d007e3433e14004231b9
What languages have more couplets than Catalan?
French
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan has few suppletive couplets, like Italian and Spanish, and unlike French. Thus, Catalan has noi/noia (\"boy\"/\"girl\") and gall/gallina (\"cock\"/\"hen\"), whereas French has garçon/fille and coq/poule." ]
56e1d007e3433e14004231ba
What languages are similar to Catalan in numbers of couplets?
Italian and Spanish
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan has few suppletive couplets, like Italian and Spanish, and unlike French. Thus, Catalan has noi/noia (\"boy\"/\"girl\") and gall/gallina (\"cock\"/\"hen\"), whereas French has garçon/fille and coq/poule." ]
56e1d007e3433e14004231bb
What language is not like Catalan in suppletive couplets?
French
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan has few suppletive couplets, like Italian and Spanish, and unlike French. Thus, Catalan has noi/noia (\"boy\"/\"girl\") and gall/gallina (\"cock\"/\"hen\"), whereas French has garçon/fille and coq/poule." ]
56e1d349e3433e14004231c0
What languages have a tendency to lose gender-invariable adjectives?
Occitan and French
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThere is a tendency to abandon traditionally gender-invariable adjectives in favour of marked ones, something prevalent in Occitan and French. Thus, one can find bullent/bullenta (\"boiling\") in contrast with traditional bullent/bullent." ]
56e1d349e3433e14004231c1
What is ab example of a gender marked adjective?
bullent/bullenta
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThere is a tendency to abandon traditionally gender-invariable adjectives in favour of marked ones, something prevalent in Occitan and French. Thus, one can find bullent/bullenta (\"boiling\") in contrast with traditional bullent/bullent." ]
56e1d349e3433e14004231c2
What would be the traditional form of a gender-invariable adjective?
bullent/bullenta
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThere is a tendency to abandon traditionally gender-invariable adjectives in favour of marked ones, something prevalent in Occitan and French. Thus, one can find bullent/bullenta (\"boiling\") in contrast with traditional bullent/bullent." ]
56e1dab2cd28a01900c67bc0
What is the usual way to make a plural?
suffix -s
[ "Catalan_language\n\nAs in the other Western Romance languages, the main plural expression is the suffix -s, which may create morphological alternations similar to the ones found in gender inflection, albeit more rarely. The most important one is the addition of -o- before certain consonant groups, a phonetic pheno...
56e1dab2cd28a01900c67bc1
What can the addition of the suffix -s produce?
morphological alternations
[ "Catalan_language\n\nAs in the other Western Romance languages, the main plural expression is the suffix -s, which may create morphological alternations similar to the ones found in gender inflection, albeit more rarely. The most important one is the addition of -o- before certain consonant groups, a phonetic pheno...
56e1dab2cd28a01900c67bc2
To what are these morphological changes similar?
gender inflection
[ "Catalan_language\n\nAs in the other Western Romance languages, the main plural expression is the suffix -s, which may create morphological alternations similar to the ones found in gender inflection, albeit more rarely. The most important one is the addition of -o- before certain consonant groups, a phonetic pheno...
56e1dab2cd28a01900c67bc3
What is an important plural alternation?
addition of -o-
[ "Catalan_language\n\nAs in the other Western Romance languages, the main plural expression is the suffix -s, which may create morphological alternations similar to the ones found in gender inflection, albeit more rarely. The most important one is the addition of -o- before certain consonant groups, a phonetic pheno...
56e1dec2e3433e14004231de
What does the large number of omissions make the determinatives?
complex
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe inflection of determinatives is complex, specially because of the high number of elisions, but is similar to the neighboring languages. Catalan has more contractions of preposition + article than Spanish, like dels (\"of + the [plural]\"), but not as many as Italian (which has sul, col, nel...
56e1dec2e3433e14004231df
What is much like the neighboring languages?
inflection of determinatives
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe inflection of determinatives is complex, specially because of the high number of elisions, but is similar to the neighboring languages. Catalan has more contractions of preposition + article than Spanish, like dels (\"of + the [plural]\"), but not as many as Italian (which has sul, col, nel...
56e1dec2e3433e14004231e0
What language does Catalan have more contractions than?
Spanish
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe inflection of determinatives is complex, specially because of the high number of elisions, but is similar to the neighboring languages. Catalan has more contractions of preposition + article than Spanish, like dels (\"of + the [plural]\"), but not as many as Italian (which has sul, col, nel...
56e1dec2e3433e14004231e1
Catalan has less contractions than what language?
Italian
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe inflection of determinatives is complex, specially because of the high number of elisions, but is similar to the neighboring languages. Catalan has more contractions of preposition + article than Spanish, like dels (\"of + the [plural]\"), but not as many as Italian (which has sul, col, nel...
56e1dec2e3433e14004231e2
What type of word is added to the contraction of the preposition?
article
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe inflection of determinatives is complex, specially because of the high number of elisions, but is similar to the neighboring languages. Catalan has more contractions of preposition + article than Spanish, like dels (\"of + the [plural]\"), but not as many as Italian (which has sul, col, nel...
56e1e04dcd28a01900c67bda
What has Central Catalan mostly abandoned?
unstressed possessives
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCentral Catalan has abandoned almost completely unstressed possessives (mon, etc.) in favour of constructions of article + stressed forms (el meu, etc.), a feature shared with Italian." ]
56e1e04dcd28a01900c67bdc
What other language shares this type of construction?
Italian
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCentral Catalan has abandoned almost completely unstressed possessives (mon, etc.) in favour of constructions of article + stressed forms (el meu, etc.), a feature shared with Italian." ]
56e1e04dcd28a01900c67bdd
What is an example of an article +stressed forms?
el meu
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCentral Catalan has abandoned almost completely unstressed possessives (mon, etc.) in favour of constructions of article + stressed forms (el meu, etc.), a feature shared with Italian." ]
56e1e04dcd28a01900c67bde
What is an example of an unstressed possessive?
mon
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCentral Catalan has abandoned almost completely unstressed possessives (mon, etc.) in favour of constructions of article + stressed forms (el meu, etc.), a feature shared with Italian." ]
56e1e199cd28a01900c67be4
How many forms of personal pronouns are there in Catalan?
13 distinct forms
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe morphology of Catalan personal pronouns is complex, specially in unstressed forms, which are numerous (13 distinct forms, compared to 11 in Spanish or 9 in Italian). Features include the gender-neutral ho and the great degree of freedom when combining different unstressed pronouns (65 comb...
56e1e199cd28a01900c67be5
How many personal pronouns are there is Spanish?
11
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe morphology of Catalan personal pronouns is complex, specially in unstressed forms, which are numerous (13 distinct forms, compared to 11 in Spanish or 9 in Italian). Features include the gender-neutral ho and the great degree of freedom when combining different unstressed pronouns (65 comb...
56e1e199cd28a01900c67be6
What is the number of personal pronouns in Italian?
9
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe morphology of Catalan personal pronouns is complex, specially in unstressed forms, which are numerous (13 distinct forms, compared to 11 in Spanish or 9 in Italian). Features include the gender-neutral ho and the great degree of freedom when combining different unstressed pronouns (65 comb...
56e1e199cd28a01900c67be7
How many different combinations of unstressed pronouns are there?
65
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe morphology of Catalan personal pronouns is complex, specially in unstressed forms, which are numerous (13 distinct forms, compared to 11 in Spanish or 9 in Italian). Features include the gender-neutral ho and the great degree of freedom when combining different unstressed pronouns (65 comb...
56e1e388e3433e14004231e9
What is this distinction similar to?
all other Romance languages
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan pronouns exhibit T–V distinction, like all other Romance languages (and most European languages, but not Modern English). This feature implies the use of a different set of second person pronouns for formality." ]
56e1e388e3433e14004231ea
What modern language does not have a T-Y distinction?
English
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan pronouns exhibit T–V distinction, like all other Romance languages (and most European languages, but not Modern English). This feature implies the use of a different set of second person pronouns for formality." ]
56e1e388e3433e14004231ec
What does this imply the use an extra group of pronouns for?
formality
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan pronouns exhibit T–V distinction, like all other Romance languages (and most European languages, but not Modern English). This feature implies the use of a different set of second person pronouns for formality." ]
56e1e668e3433e14004231f2
What languages use extrapositioning in sentences less than Catalan?
French or Spanish
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish. Thus, Catalan can have m'hi recomanaren (\"they recommended me to him\"), whereas in French one must say ils m'ont recommandé à lui, and Spanish me recomendaron a él. This allows the placement of...
56e1e668e3433e14004231f4
What do you not need to use in Catalan?
passive voice
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish. Thus, Catalan can have m'hi recomanaren (\"they recommended me to him\"), whereas in French one must say ils m'ont recommandé à lui, and Spanish me recomendaron a él. This allows the placement of...
56e1e668e3433e14004231f5
What languages use the passive voice more than Catalan?
French or English
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish. Thus, Catalan can have m'hi recomanaren (\"they recommended me to him\"), whereas in French one must say ils m'ont recommandé à lui, and Spanish me recomendaron a él. This allows the placement of...
56e1e668e3433e14004231f6
What method does Spanish use to identify the object?
preposition
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThis flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish. Thus, Catalan can have m'hi recomanaren (\"they recommended me to him\"), whereas in French one must say ils m'ont recommandé à lui, and Spanish me recomendaron a él. This allows the placement of...
56e1e933cd28a01900c67bee
What is Catalan verbal inflection ?
more complex
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike all the Romance languages, Catalan verbal inflection is more complex than the nominal. Suffixation is omnipresent, whereas morphological alternations play a secondary role. Vowel alternances are active, as well as infixation and suppletion. However, these are not as productive as in Spanis...
56e1e933cd28a01900c67bf0
What plays a primary part in Catalan?
Suffixation
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike all the Romance languages, Catalan verbal inflection is more complex than the nominal. Suffixation is omnipresent, whereas morphological alternations play a secondary role. Vowel alternances are active, as well as infixation and suppletion. However, these are not as productive as in Spanis...
56e1e933cd28a01900c67bf1
What plays a secondary part in Catalan?
morphological alternations
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike all the Romance languages, Catalan verbal inflection is more complex than the nominal. Suffixation is omnipresent, whereas morphological alternations play a secondary role. Vowel alternances are active, as well as infixation and suppletion. However, these are not as productive as in Spanis...
56e1e933cd28a01900c67bf2
How are vowel alternances in Catalan?
active
[ "Catalan_language\n\nLike all the Romance languages, Catalan verbal inflection is more complex than the nominal. Suffixation is omnipresent, whereas morphological alternations play a secondary role. Vowel alternances are active, as well as infixation and suppletion. However, these are not as productive as in Spanis...
56e1eab7cd28a01900c67bf8
What system is common to Western Romance?
Catalan verbal system
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe Catalan verbal system is basically common to all Western Romance, except that most dialects have replaced the synthetic indicative perfect with a periphrastic form of anar (\"to go\") + infinitive." ]
56e1eab7cd28a01900c67bf9
What have many dialects replaced?
synthetic indicative perfect
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe Catalan verbal system is basically common to all Western Romance, except that most dialects have replaced the synthetic indicative perfect with a periphrastic form of anar (\"to go\") + infinitive." ]
56e1eab7cd28a01900c67bfb
What is the Catalan verbal system common to?
all Western Romance
[ "Catalan_language\n\nThe Catalan verbal system is basically common to all Western Romance, except that most dialects have replaced the synthetic indicative perfect with a periphrastic form of anar (\"to go\") + infinitive." ]
56e1ec35cd28a01900c67c00
How are Catalan verbs grouped?
into three conjugations
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan verbs are traditionally divided into three conjugations, with vowel themes -a-, -e-, -i-, the last two being split into two subtypes. However, this division is mostly theoretical. Only the first conjugation is nowadays productive (with about 3500 common verbs), whereas the third (the su...
56e1ec35cd28a01900c67c02
Which conjugation has about 3500 verbs?
first conjugation
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan verbs are traditionally divided into three conjugations, with vowel themes -a-, -e-, -i-, the last two being split into two subtypes. However, this division is mostly theoretical. Only the first conjugation is nowadays productive (with about 3500 common verbs), whereas the third (the su...
56e1ec35cd28a01900c67c03
How many verbs are in the third conjugation?
700
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan verbs are traditionally divided into three conjugations, with vowel themes -a-, -e-, -i-, the last two being split into two subtypes. However, this division is mostly theoretical. Only the first conjugation is nowadays productive (with about 3500 common verbs), whereas the third (the su...
56e1ec35cd28a01900c67c04
Which conjugation has less than 100 verbs?
second
[ "Catalan_language\n\nCatalan verbs are traditionally divided into three conjugations, with vowel themes -a-, -e-, -i-, the last two being split into two subtypes. However, this division is mostly theoretical. Only the first conjugation is nowadays productive (with about 3500 common verbs), whereas the third (the su...
56e1edbee3433e1400423206
How many surnames does everyone in Spain have?
two
[ "Catalan_language\n\nIn Spain, every person officially has two surnames, one of which is the father's first surname and the other is the mother's first surname. The law contemplates the possibility of joining both surnames with the Catalan conjunction i (\"and\")." ]
56e1edbee3433e1400423207
Which one of one's father's surnames is used?
first
[ "Catalan_language\n\nIn Spain, every person officially has two surnames, one of which is the father's first surname and the other is the mother's first surname. The law contemplates the possibility of joining both surnames with the Catalan conjunction i (\"and\")." ]
56e1edbee3433e1400423209
What is Spain thinking of doing to the two surnames?
joining both surnames
[ "Catalan_language\n\nIn Spain, every person officially has two surnames, one of which is the father's first surname and the other is the mother's first surname. The law contemplates the possibility of joining both surnames with the Catalan conjunction i (\"and\")." ]
56e1edbee3433e140042320a
What conjunction would be used to join a person's surnames?
in
[ "Catalan_language\n\nIn Spain, every person officially has two surnames, one of which is the father's first surname and the other is the mother's first surname. The law contemplates the possibility of joining both surnames with the Catalan conjunction i (\"and\")." ]
56e112eecd28a01900c67555
Which of the United States is Boston located in?
Massachusetts
[ "Boston\n\nBoston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an esti...
56e112eecd28a01900c67556
How many square miles is the city proper of Boston?
48
[ "Boston\n\nBoston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an esti...
56e112eecd28a01900c67557
The large metropolitan area of Boston is also called what?
Greater Boston
[ "Boston\n\nBoston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an esti...
56e112eecd28a01900c67558
What is the estimated population of Greater Boston?
4.7 million people
[ "Boston\n\nBoston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an esti...
56e112eecd28a01900c67559
What is the capital and largest city in Massachusetts?
Boston
[ "Boston\n\nBoston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an esti...
56e114f2e3433e1400422ba4
What year was Boston founded?
1630
[ "Boston\n\nOne of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Up...
56e114f2e3433e1400422ba6
What is the name of the peninsula Boston was founded on?
the Shawmut Peninsula
[ "Boston\n\nOne of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Up...
56e114f2e3433e1400422ba7
Bostons rich history attracts many what each year?
tourists
[ "Boston\n\nOne of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Up...
56e114f2e3433e1400422ba8
The Faneuil Hall draws over how many tourists to Boston each year?
20 million
[ "Boston\n\nOne of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Up...
56e1184ecd28a01900c67597
Households in Boston claim the highest average rate of what in the United States?
philanthropy
[ "Boston\n\nThe area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and gover...
56e1184ecd28a01900c67598
Bostons businesses rank top in the country for what?
environmental sustainability and investment
[ "Boston\n\nThe area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and gover...
56e1184ecd28a01900c67599
Where does Boston rank as far as cost of living in the United States?
The city has one of the highest costs of living
[ "Boston\n\nThe area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and gover...
56e1184ecd28a01900c6759a
How does Boston rank on world livability?
high
[ "Boston\n\nThe area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and gover...
56e1184ecd28a01900c6759b
Boston is internationally known for education and medicine because of its many what?
colleges and universities
[ "Boston\n\nThe area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and gover...
56e119bdcd28a01900c675ab
What did Boston's early settlers call the area?
Trimountaine
[ "Boston\n\nBoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its \"three mountains\"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by P...
56e119bdcd28a01900c675ac
What does Trimountaine mean?
three mountains
[ "Boston\n\nBoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its \"three mountains\"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by P...
56e119bdcd28a01900c675ad
What year was the city renamed Boston?
1630
[ "Boston\n\nBoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its \"three mountains\"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by P...
56e119bdcd28a01900c675ae
Who named the city Boston?
Puritan colonists from England
[ "Boston\n\nBoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its \"three mountains\"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by P...
56e119bdcd28a01900c675af
What were the puritan colonists searching for when they came to Boston?
fresh water
[ "Boston\n\nBoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its \"three mountains\"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by P...
56e11b94cd28a01900c675cd
What year was the Cambridge Agreement signed?
1629
[ "Boston\n\nIn 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 ...
56e11b94cd28a01900c675ce
America's first public school was founded in Boston in what year?
1635
[ "Boston\n\nIn 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 ...
56e11b94cd28a01900c675cf
Who was Massachusetts first governor?
John Winthrop
[ "Boston\n\nIn 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 ...
56e11b94cd28a01900c675d0
How many french and Indian wars did Boston participate in?
four
[ "Boston\n\nIn 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 ...
56e11b94cd28a01900c675d1
Who led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement?
John Winthrop
[ "Boston\n\nIn 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 ...
56e11e6fcd28a01900c67604
Boston became one of the wealthiest international ports after what war?
the American Revolution
[ "Boston\n\nMany of the crucial events of the American Revolution—the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, the battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, the Siege of Boston, and many others—occurred in or near Boston. After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition help...
56e11e6fcd28a01900c67605
What long held tradition helped make Boston a wealthy port?
seafaring tradition
[ "Boston\n\nMany of the crucial events of the American Revolution—the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, the battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, the Siege of Boston, and many others—occurred in or near Boston. After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition help...
56e11e6fcd28a01900c67607
Boston was the location of many important events of what war?
the American Revolution
[ "Boston\n\nMany of the crucial events of the American Revolution—the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, the battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, the Siege of Boston, and many others—occurred in or near Boston. After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition help...