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56f97afc9e9bad19000a099f
How much was the investment in new equipment and capabilities worth?
£178 billion
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:" ]
56f97afc9e9bad19000a09a0
In which year was a £178 billion investment made?
2015
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:" ]
56f97afc9e9bad19000a09a1
How many primary missions were included in the 2015 Review?
four
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:" ]
56f97afc9e9bad19000a09a2
What is the name of the yearly statement released by the MoD?
The Strategic Defence and Security Review
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:" ]
56f97b8e9b226e1400dd1498
What was the new threat that arose after the end of the Cold War?
terrorism
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nFollowing the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating \"predatory non-state actors\" for the foreseeable future, i...
56f97d559e9bad19000a09a7
Military spending that is based on conventional threats has been dismissed as what?
Cold War mentality
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nDannatt criticised a remnant \"Cold War mentality\", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the ...
56f97d559e9bad19000a09a8
How much of the MoD's equipment budget is invested in the "land environment"?
10%
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nDannatt criticised a remnant \"Cold War mentality\", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the ...
56f97d559e9bad19000a09a9
Where was Britain involved in a land war when some thought that land wars were basically a thing of the past?
Afghanistan and Iraq
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nDannatt criticised a remnant \"Cold War mentality\", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the ...
56f97d559e9bad19000a09aa
Which years make up the time span mentioned for the military budget numbers?
2003 and 2018
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nDannatt criticised a remnant \"Cold War mentality\", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the ...
56f97e179b226e1400dd14b9
Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?
General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Defence Committee—Third Report \"Defence Equipment 2009\" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memo...
56f97e179b226e1400dd14ba
Which department is overseen by the Chief of Defence Materiel?
Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S)
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Defence Committee—Third Report \"Defence Equipment 2009\" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memo...
56f97e179b226e1400dd14bb
Which programme was mentioned as being underfunded?
Equipment Programme
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Defence Committee—Third Report \"Defence Equipment 2009\" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memo...
56f97e179b226e1400dd14bc
Who was the Secretary of State for Defence in 2009?
Bob Ainsworth MP
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Defence Committee—Third Report \"Defence Equipment 2009\" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memo...
56f97e179b226e1400dd14bd
Which publication said the 2009 defence budget was more than 10% overbudget?
London Evening Standard
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Defence Committee—Third Report \"Defence Equipment 2009\" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memo...
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cb
How much land is owned by the MoD?
227,300 hectares
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at \"about £20 billion\". The MoD also has \"rights of access\" to a further 222,000 hectar...
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cc
How much is the land owned by the MoD worth?
£20 billion
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at \"about £20 billion\". The MoD also has \"rights of access\" to a further 222,000 hectar...
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cd
The MoD owns or has rights of access to what percentage of the UK's total land?
1.8%
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at \"about £20 billion\". The MoD also has \"rights of access\" to a further 222,000 hectar...
56f97f629b226e1400dd14ce
How much is the annual cost to support the defence estate?
in excess of £3.3 billion
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at \"about £20 billion\". The MoD also has \"rights of access\" to a further 222,000 hectar...
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cf
Who is one of the largest landowners in the UK?
The Ministry of Defence
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at \"about £20 billion\". The MoD also has \"rights of access\" to a further 222,000 hectar...
56f980059e9bad19000a09d9
What percentage of the defence estate makes up training areas and ranges?
84.0%
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation." ]
56f980059e9bad19000a09da
What makes up the smallest portion of the defence estate?
storage & supply depots
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation." ]
56f980059e9bad19000a09db
What percentage of the defence estate is taken up by airfields?
(3.4%
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation." ]
56f980059e9bad19000a09dc
Who manages the defence estate?
Defence Infrastructure Organisation
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation." ]
56f980059e9bad19000a09dd
Barracks and camps are what percentage of the defence estate?
(2.5%
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation." ]
56f981b79b226e1400dd14df
In what city are the headquarters of the MoD?
Whitehall
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Hor...
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e0
Who designed the headquarters of the MoD?
Vincent Harris
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Hor...
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e1
Who designed the statues that are on either side of the northern entrance to the MoD headquarters?
Charles Wheeler
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Hor...
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e2
What is the headquarters of the MoD called?
Main Building
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Hor...
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e3
Who made the Gurkha Monument?
Philip Jackson
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Hor...
56f982569e9bad19000a09ed
Who had a wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall?
Henry VIII
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nHenry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the ...
56f982569e9bad19000a09ee
Where is Henry VIII's wine cellar?
the basement of Main Building
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nHenry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the ...
56f982569e9bad19000a09ef
When was the cellar in the basement of Main Building built?
1514–1516
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nHenry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the ...
56f982569e9bad19000a09f0
What is the main material used to build the cellar in the basement of Main Building?
brick
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nHenry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the ...
56f982569e9bad19000a09f1
When was the cellar relocated?
1949
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nHenry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the ...
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14fc
Who in the MoD was convicted of fraud?
Gordon Foxley
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to ...
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14fd
What position was held by Foxley?
head of defence procurement
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to ...
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14fe
What years was Foxley employed by the MoD?
1981 to 1984
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to ...
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14ff
How much money was Foxley accused of taking?
at least £3.5m
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to ...
56f9851f9b226e1400dd1500
What do the police believe the bribes were intended to do?
influence the allocation of contracts
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to ...
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a6f
What publication released a report about the Ministry of Defence in 2002?
the Guardian
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nA government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence \"turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public\" and many of these tests \"involved r...
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a70
What was the MoD accused of doing to the public?
secret germ warfare tests
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nA government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence \"turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public\" and many of these tests \"involved r...
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a71
What are the children of some families in the area of the testing experiencing?
children with birth defects and physical and mental handicaps
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nA government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence \"turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public\" and many of these tests \"involved r...
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a72
When was the supposed germ warfare testing taking place?
between 1940 and 1979
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nA government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence \"turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public\" and many of these tests \"involved r...
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a73
When were millions of people supposedly exposed to e. coli and an anthrax-like bacteria?
between 1961 and 1968
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nA government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence \"turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public\" and many of these tests \"involved r...
56f98fca9b226e1400dd1582
How much did the MoD spend on Chinook helicopters?
£240m
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001. A National Audit Office report reveals that the helicopters have b...
56f98fca9b226e1400dd1583
When were the helicopters ordered?
1995
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001. A National Audit Office report reveals that the helicopters have b...
56f98fca9b226e1400dd1584
Which office reported that the helicopters were being stored, rather than used?
National Audit Office
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001. A National Audit Office report reveals that the helicopters have b...
56f98fca9b226e1400dd1585
In what year were the helicopters brought into service?
2010
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001. A National Audit Office report reveals that the helicopters have b...
56f98fca9b226e1400dd1586
What is the estimated total cost of the Chinook helicopter project?
£500m
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nThe MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001. A National Audit Office report reveals that the helicopters have b...
56f990289b226e1400dd158c
Which aircraft manufacturer got a contract with the MoD?
Boeing
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn April 2008, a £90m contract was signed with Boeing for a \"quick fix\" solution, so they can fly by 2010: QinetiQ will downgrade the Chinooks—stripping out some of their more advanced equipment." ]
56f990289b226e1400dd158d
When was the Boeing contract signed?
April 2008
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn April 2008, a £90m contract was signed with Boeing for a \"quick fix\" solution, so they can fly by 2010: QinetiQ will downgrade the Chinooks—stripping out some of their more advanced equipment." ]
56f990289b226e1400dd158e
Who is downgrading the Chinook helicopters?
QinetiQ
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn April 2008, a £90m contract was signed with Boeing for a \"quick fix\" solution, so they can fly by 2010: QinetiQ will downgrade the Chinooks—stripping out some of their more advanced equipment." ]
56f990289b226e1400dd158f
How much was the Boeing contract worth?
£90m
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn April 2008, a £90m contract was signed with Boeing for a \"quick fix\" solution, so they can fly by 2010: QinetiQ will downgrade the Chinooks—stripping out some of their more advanced equipment." ]
56f990289b226e1400dd1590
What was removed from the Chinook helicopters?
more advanced equipment
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn April 2008, a £90m contract was signed with Boeing for a \"quick fix\" solution, so they can fly by 2010: QinetiQ will downgrade the Chinooks—stripping out some of their more advanced equipment." ]
56f990bd9b226e1400dd15a2
When was the TA budget withdrawn?
October 2009
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn October 2009, the MoD was heavily criticized for withdrawing the bi-annual non-operational training £20m budget for the volunteer Territorial Army (TA), ending all non-operational training for 6 months until April 2010. The government eventually backed down and restored t...
56f990bd9b226e1400dd15a3
How much money was allocated to the volunteer Territorial Army?
£20m
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn October 2009, the MoD was heavily criticized for withdrawing the bi-annual non-operational training £20m budget for the volunteer Territorial Army (TA), ending all non-operational training for 6 months until April 2010. The government eventually backed down and restored t...
56f990bd9b226e1400dd15a4
When was the training for the TA supposed to resume?
April 2010
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn October 2009, the MoD was heavily criticized for withdrawing the bi-annual non-operational training £20m budget for the volunteer Territorial Army (TA), ending all non-operational training for 6 months until April 2010. The government eventually backed down and restored t...
56f990bd9b226e1400dd15a5
How much of the UK's troops are provided by the TA?
a small percentage
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn October 2009, the MoD was heavily criticized for withdrawing the bi-annual non-operational training £20m budget for the volunteer Territorial Army (TA), ending all non-operational training for 6 months until April 2010. The government eventually backed down and restored t...
56f990bd9b226e1400dd15a6
How often do the TA troops regularly train?
weekly evenings and monthly weekends
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn October 2009, the MoD was heavily criticized for withdrawing the bi-annual non-operational training £20m budget for the volunteer Territorial Army (TA), ending all non-operational training for 6 months until April 2010. The government eventually backed down and restored t...
56f991b19b226e1400dd15b6
By how much did the MoD go over its equipment budget?
£6.5bn
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn 2013 it was found that the Ministry of Defence had overspent on its equipment budget by £6.5bn on orders that could take up to 39 years to fulfil. The Ministry of Defence has been criticised in the past for poor management and financial control, investing in projects that...
56f991b19b226e1400dd15b7
When was the overbudget amount discovered?
2013
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn 2013 it was found that the Ministry of Defence had overspent on its equipment budget by £6.5bn on orders that could take up to 39 years to fulfil. The Ministry of Defence has been criticised in the past for poor management and financial control, investing in projects that...
56f991b19b226e1400dd15b8
What are some of the criticisms that have been directed at the MoD?
poor management and financial control
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn 2013 it was found that the Ministry of Defence had overspent on its equipment budget by £6.5bn on orders that could take up to 39 years to fulfil. The Ministry of Defence has been criticised in the past for poor management and financial control, investing in projects that...
56f991b19b226e1400dd15b9
What is a long-range estimate on fulfillment of some of the equipment orders made by the MoD?
up to 39 years
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn 2013 it was found that the Ministry of Defence had overspent on its equipment budget by £6.5bn on orders that could take up to 39 years to fulfil. The Ministry of Defence has been criticised in the past for poor management and financial control, investing in projects that...
56f991b19b226e1400dd15ba
Past projects ordered by the MoD have taken what type of time frame to fulfill?
up to 10 and even as much as 15 years
[ "Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)\n\nIn 2013 it was found that the Ministry of Defence had overspent on its equipment budget by £6.5bn on orders that could take up to 39 years to fulfil. The Ministry of Defence has been criticised in the past for poor management and financial control, investing in projects that...
56f9d73f9e9bad19000a0b05
The term "high definition" originally described televisions systems from what year?
1936
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe term high definition once described a series of television systems originating from August 1936; however, these systems were only high definition when compared to earlier systems that were based on mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution. The ongoing competition b...
56f9d73f9e9bad19000a0b06
Earlier television systems were based on what?
mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe term high definition once described a series of television systems originating from August 1936; however, these systems were only high definition when compared to earlier systems that were based on mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution. The ongoing competition b...
56f9d73f9e9bad19000a0b07
During which entire century were companies and nations trying to achieve true HDTV?
20th
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe term high definition once described a series of television systems originating from August 1936; however, these systems were only high definition when compared to earlier systems that were based on mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution. The ongoing competition b...
56f9d73f9e9bad19000a0b08
In what century were 4k, 5k, and 8k systems introduced?
21st
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe term high definition once described a series of television systems originating from August 1936; however, these systems were only high definition when compared to earlier systems that were based on mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution. The ongoing competition b...
56f9d73f9e9bad19000a0b09
What is the most current HDTV system development?
8K
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe term high definition once described a series of television systems originating from August 1936; however, these systems were only high definition when compared to earlier systems that were based on mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution. The ongoing competition b...
56f9d96b9e9bad19000a0b0f
Who started trials in August 1936?
The British high-definition TV service
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe British high-definition TV service started trials in August 1936 and a regular service on 2 November 1936 using both the (mechanical) Baird 240 line sequential scan (later to be inaccurately rechristened 'progressive') and the (electronic) Marconi-EMI 405 line interlaced systems. ...
56f9d96b9e9bad19000a0b10
When was the Baird system discontinued?
February 1937
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe British high-definition TV service started trials in August 1936 and a regular service on 2 November 1936 using both the (mechanical) Baird 240 line sequential scan (later to be inaccurately rechristened 'progressive') and the (electronic) Marconi-EMI 405 line interlaced systems. ...
56f9d96b9e9bad19000a0b11
Which country developed the 441-line system?
France
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe British high-definition TV service started trials in August 1936 and a regular service on 2 November 1936 using both the (mechanical) Baird 240 line sequential scan (later to be inaccurately rechristened 'progressive') and the (electronic) Marconi-EMI 405 line interlaced systems. ...
56f9d96b9e9bad19000a0b12
What prevented France's 819-line system from achieving the definition it was capable of?
the technical limitations of the time
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe British high-definition TV service started trials in August 1936 and a regular service on 2 November 1936 using both the (mechanical) Baird 240 line sequential scan (later to be inaccurately rechristened 'progressive') and the (electronic) Marconi-EMI 405 line interlaced systems. ...
56f9d96b9e9bad19000a0b13
Which system used interlaced scanning to correct the flicker problem of the 240-line?
405-line system
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe British high-definition TV service started trials in August 1936 and a regular service on 2 November 1936 using both the (mechanical) Baird 240 line sequential scan (later to be inaccurately rechristened 'progressive') and the (electronic) Marconi-EMI 405 line interlaced systems. ...
56f9dacd9e9bad19000a0b19
What year did color broadcasts start in the US?
1953,
[ "High-definition_television\n\nColour broadcasts started at similarly higher resolutions, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines of resolution. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECA...
56f9dacd9e9bad19000a0b1a
How many lines of resolution did the US NTSC color system have in 1953?
525
[ "High-definition_television\n\nColour broadcasts started at similarly higher resolutions, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines of resolution. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECA...
56f9dacd9e9bad19000a0b1b
When did Europe begin color broadcasts?
1960s
[ "High-definition_television\n\nColour broadcasts started at similarly higher resolutions, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines of resolution. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECA...
56f9dacd9e9bad19000a0b1c
The PAL and SECAM were color systems where?
Europe
[ "High-definition_television\n\nColour broadcasts started at similarly higher resolutions, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines of resolution. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECA...
56f9dacd9e9bad19000a0b1d
How many lines of resolution were the European monochrome broadcasts?
625
[ "High-definition_television\n\nColour broadcasts started at similarly higher resolutions, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines of resolution. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECA...
56f9dbea9b226e1400dd15ca
What is the Japan Broadcasting Corporation called?
Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK, the Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to \"unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses\" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring m...
56f9dbea9b226e1400dd15cb
What does NHK stand for in Japan?
Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK, the Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to \"unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses\" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring m...
56f9dbea9b226e1400dd15cc
What year was NHK Color created?
1972
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK, the Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to \"unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses\" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring m...
56f9dbea9b226e1400dd15cd
What was the aspect ratio of the NHK Color?
5:3
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK, the Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to \"unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses\" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring m...
56f9dbea9b226e1400dd15ce
What organization became the authority on testing and studying international HDTV technology?
The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE)
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK, the Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to \"unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses\" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring m...
56f9dccf9e9bad19000a0b23
How many major HDTV systems were tested by SMPTE in the late 70's?
four
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThere were four major HDTV systems tested by SMPTE in the late 1970s, and in 1979 an SMPTE study group released A Study of High Definition Television Systems:" ]
56f9dccf9e9bad19000a0b24
Who tested the four major HDTV systems in the late 1970's?
SMPTE
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThere were four major HDTV systems tested by SMPTE in the late 1970s, and in 1979 an SMPTE study group released A Study of High Definition Television Systems:" ]
56f9dccf9e9bad19000a0b25
Who released A Study of High Definition Television Systems?
an SMPTE study group
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThere were four major HDTV systems tested by SMPTE in the late 1970s, and in 1979 an SMPTE study group released A Study of High Definition Television Systems:" ]
56f9dccf9e9bad19000a0b26
In what year was A Study of High Definition Television Systems released?
1979
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThere were four major HDTV systems tested by SMPTE in the late 1970s, and in 1979 an SMPTE study group released A Study of High Definition Television Systems:" ]
56f9dccf9e9bad19000a0b27
What was released by an SMPTE study group in 1979?
A Study of High Definition Television Systems
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThere were four major HDTV systems tested by SMPTE in the late 1970s, and in 1979 an SMPTE study group released A Study of High Definition Television Systems:" ]
56f9de7f9e9bad19000a0b2e
When was widescreen HDTV transmission modes formally adopted?
early 2000s
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince the formal adoption of digital video broadcasting's (DVB) widescreen HDTV transmission modes in the early 2000s; the 525-line NTSC (and PAL-M) systems, as well as the European 625-line PAL and SECAM systems, are now regarded as standard definition television systems." ]
56f9de7f9e9bad19000a0b2f
In addition to the 625-line PAL system, what European system is considered a standard definition television system?
SECAM systems
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince the formal adoption of digital video broadcasting's (DVB) widescreen HDTV transmission modes in the early 2000s; the 525-line NTSC (and PAL-M) systems, as well as the European 625-line PAL and SECAM systems, are now regarded as standard definition television systems." ]
56f9de7f9e9bad19000a0b30
In addition to the NTSC system, what 525-line system is considered a standard definition television system?
PAL-M
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince the formal adoption of digital video broadcasting's (DVB) widescreen HDTV transmission modes in the early 2000s; the 525-line NTSC (and PAL-M) systems, as well as the European 625-line PAL and SECAM systems, are now regarded as standard definition television systems." ]
56f9de7f9e9bad19000a0b31
525 and 625-line systems are now considered what?
standard definition television systems
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince the formal adoption of digital video broadcasting's (DVB) widescreen HDTV transmission modes in the early 2000s; the 525-line NTSC (and PAL-M) systems, as well as the European 625-line PAL and SECAM systems, are now regarded as standard definition television systems." ]
56f9df829b226e1400dd15d4
In what year did France start transmissions using and 819 line system?
1949
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1949, France started its transmissions with an 819 lines system (with 737 active lines). The system was monochrome only, and was used only on VHF for the first French TV channel. It was discontinued in 1983." ]
56f9df829b226e1400dd15d5
What country started transmissions using and 819 line system in 1949?
France
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1949, France started its transmissions with an 819 lines system (with 737 active lines). The system was monochrome only, and was used only on VHF for the first French TV channel. It was discontinued in 1983." ]
56f9df829b226e1400dd15d6
What did France start transmissions with in 1949?
an 819 lines system
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1949, France started its transmissions with an 819 lines system (with 737 active lines). The system was monochrome only, and was used only on VHF for the first French TV channel. It was discontinued in 1983." ]
56f9df829b226e1400dd15d7
Was France's 819 line system in color?
monochrome only
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1949, France started its transmissions with an 819 lines system (with 737 active lines). The system was monochrome only, and was used only on VHF for the first French TV channel. It was discontinued in 1983." ]
56f9df829b226e1400dd15d8
When was France's 819 line system discontinued?
1983
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1949, France started its transmissions with an 819 lines system (with 737 active lines). The system was monochrome only, and was used only on VHF for the first French TV channel. It was discontinued in 1983." ]
56f9e1b39b226e1400dd15de
In the end what was the Soviet Union's Transformator system used for?
a research project
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1958, the Soviet Union developed Тransformator (Russian: Трансформатор, meaning Transformer), the first high-resolution (definition) television system capable of producing an image composed of 1,125 lines of resolution aimed at providing teleconferencing for military command. It wa...
56f9e1b39b226e1400dd15df
When did the Soviet Union develop Transformator?
1958
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1958, the Soviet Union developed Тransformator (Russian: Трансформатор, meaning Transformer), the first high-resolution (definition) television system capable of producing an image composed of 1,125 lines of resolution aimed at providing teleconferencing for military command. It wa...