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56f9e1b39b226e1400dd15e0
Who developed Transformator in 1958?
the Soviet Union
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1958, the Soviet Union developed Тransformator (Russian: Трансформатор, meaning Transformer), the first high-resolution (definition) television system capable of producing an image composed of 1,125 lines of resolution aimed at providing teleconferencing for military command. It wa...
56f9e1b39b226e1400dd15e1
How many lines of resolution could an image using the Transformator system have?
1,125
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1958, the Soviet Union developed Тransformator (Russian: Трансформатор, meaning Transformer), the first high-resolution (definition) television system capable of producing an image composed of 1,125 lines of resolution aimed at providing teleconferencing for military command. It wa...
56f9e1b39b226e1400dd15e2
What was the goal of the Transformator system?
providing teleconferencing for military command
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1958, the Soviet Union developed Тransformator (Russian: Трансформатор, meaning Transformer), the first high-resolution (definition) television system capable of producing an image composed of 1,125 lines of resolution aimed at providing teleconferencing for military command. It wa...
56f9e38a9e9bad19000a0b37
In what year did NHK first develop consumer HD television with a 5:3 aspect ratio?
1979
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1979, the Japanese state broadcaster NHK first developed consumer high-definition television with a 5:3 display aspect ratio. The system, known as Hi-Vision or MUSE after its Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding for encoding the signal, required about twice the bandwidth of the e...
56f9e38a9e9bad19000a0b38
Who first developed consumer HD television with a 5:3 aspect ratio?
the Japanese state broadcaster NHK
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1979, the Japanese state broadcaster NHK first developed consumer high-definition television with a 5:3 display aspect ratio. The system, known as Hi-Vision or MUSE after its Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding for encoding the signal, required about twice the bandwidth of the e...
56f9e38a9e9bad19000a0b39
When did satellite test broadcasts of Hi-Vision start?
1989
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1979, the Japanese state broadcaster NHK first developed consumer high-definition television with a 5:3 display aspect ratio. The system, known as Hi-Vision or MUSE after its Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding for encoding the signal, required about twice the bandwidth of the e...
56f9e38a9e9bad19000a0b3a
When did regular broadcasting of BS-9ch start?
November 25, 1994
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1979, the Japanese state broadcaster NHK first developed consumer high-definition television with a 5:3 display aspect ratio. The system, known as Hi-Vision or MUSE after its Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding for encoding the signal, required about twice the bandwidth of the e...
56f9e38a9e9bad19000a0b3b
When did regular testing of Hi-Vision start?
1991
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1979, the Japanese state broadcaster NHK first developed consumer high-definition television with a 5:3 display aspect ratio. The system, known as Hi-Vision or MUSE after its Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding for encoding the signal, required about twice the bandwidth of the e...
56f9e4999e9bad19000a0b41
When was the MUSE system demonstrated in the US first?
1981
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1981, the MUSE system was demonstrated for the first time in the United States, using the same 5:3 aspect ratio as the Japanese system. Upon visiting a demonstration of MUSE in Washington, US President Ronald Reagan was impressed and officially declared it \"a matter of national in...
56f9e4999e9bad19000a0b42
What aspect ratio did the MUSE system use when demonstrated in 1981?
5:3
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1981, the MUSE system was demonstrated for the first time in the United States, using the same 5:3 aspect ratio as the Japanese system. Upon visiting a demonstration of MUSE in Washington, US President Ronald Reagan was impressed and officially declared it \"a matter of national in...
56f9e4999e9bad19000a0b43
Which president declared it "a matter of national interest" to introduce HDTV to the US?
President Ronald Reagan
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1981, the MUSE system was demonstrated for the first time in the United States, using the same 5:3 aspect ratio as the Japanese system. Upon visiting a demonstration of MUSE in Washington, US President Ronald Reagan was impressed and officially declared it \"a matter of national in...
56f9e4999e9bad19000a0b44
Which system was demonstrated in the US for the first time in 1981?
MUSE
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1981, the MUSE system was demonstrated for the first time in the United States, using the same 5:3 aspect ratio as the Japanese system. Upon visiting a demonstration of MUSE in Washington, US President Ronald Reagan was impressed and officially declared it \"a matter of national in...
56f9e4999e9bad19000a0b45
Which system was demonstrated in Washington to President Ronald Reagan?
MUSE
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1981, the MUSE system was demonstrated for the first time in the United States, using the same 5:3 aspect ratio as the Japanese system. Upon visiting a demonstration of MUSE in Washington, US President Ronald Reagan was impressed and officially declared it \"a matter of national in...
56f9e6119b226e1400dd15f2
Why did the FCC reject systems such as MUSE?
their higher bandwidth requirements
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSeveral systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A...
56f9e6119b226e1400dd15f3
What was increasing and consuming a lot of bandwidth?
television channels
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSeveral systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A...
56f9e6119b226e1400dd15f4
Who rejected systems such as MUSE as the new standard for the US?
the FCC
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSeveral systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A...
56f9e6119b226e1400dd15f5
What was one of the requirements for a new standard system in the US?
had to be more efficient, needing less bandwidth
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSeveral systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A...
56f9e6119b226e1400dd15f6
What was the existing system at the time?
NTSC
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSeveral systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A...
56f9e7ab9b226e1400dd15fc
What constraints kept HDTV from being widely adopted in the 90's?
technical and economic
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe limited standardization of analog HDTV in the 1990s did not lead to global HDTV adoption as technical and economic constraints at the time did not permit HDTV to use bandwidths greater than normal television." ]
56f9e7ab9b226e1400dd15fd
What was HDTV not permitted to do in the 90's?
use bandwidths greater than normal television
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe limited standardization of analog HDTV in the 1990s did not lead to global HDTV adoption as technical and economic constraints at the time did not permit HDTV to use bandwidths greater than normal television." ]
56f9e9128f12f3190062ffdf
How much more bandwith was required from early HDTV commercial experiments than an SD broadcast?
over four times
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEarly HDTV commercial experiments, such as NHK's MUSE, required over four times the bandwidth of a standard-definition broadcast. Despite efforts made to reduce analog HDTV to about twice the bandwidth of SDTV, these television formats were still distributable only by satellite." ]
56f9e9128f12f3190062ffe0
Efforts were made to reduce analog HDTV to how much of the bandwith of SDTV?
about twice
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEarly HDTV commercial experiments, such as NHK's MUSE, required over four times the bandwidth of a standard-definition broadcast. Despite efforts made to reduce analog HDTV to about twice the bandwidth of SDTV, these television formats were still distributable only by satellite." ]
56f9e9128f12f3190062ffe1
Despite the reduced bandwith, HDTV format still had to be distributed how?
by satellite
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEarly HDTV commercial experiments, such as NHK's MUSE, required over four times the bandwidth of a standard-definition broadcast. Despite efforts made to reduce analog HDTV to about twice the bandwidth of SDTV, these television formats were still distributable only by satellite." ]
56f9e9128f12f3190062ffe2
What kind of experiments required over four times the bandwith of a SDTV broadcast?
Early HDTV commercial experiments
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEarly HDTV commercial experiments, such as NHK's MUSE, required over four times the bandwidth of a standard-definition broadcast. Despite efforts made to reduce analog HDTV to about twice the bandwidth of SDTV, these television formats were still distributable only by satellite." ]
56f9eaae8f12f3190062fff1
How many broadcasters did Japan have sharing a single channel?
seven
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS). Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel." ]
56f9eaae8f12f3190062fff2
Which country had successful public analog HDTV broadcasting?
Japan
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS). Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel." ]
56f9eaae8f12f3190062fff3
What was particularly challenging in the early years of HDTV?
recording and reproducing an HDTV signal
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS). Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel." ]
56f9eaae8f12f3190062fff4
What accomplishment in early HDTV did Japan have?
the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS). Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel." ]
56f9ebe18f12f3190062fff9
What does ITU-R stand for?
International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince 1972, International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) had been working on creating a global recommendation for Analog HDTV. These recommendations, however, did not fit in the broadcasting bands which could reach home users. The standardization of ...
56f9ebe18f12f3190062fffa
What does DVB stand for?
Digital Video Broadcasting
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince 1972, International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) had been working on creating a global recommendation for Analog HDTV. These recommendations, however, did not fit in the broadcasting bands which could reach home users. The standardization of ...
56f9ebe18f12f3190062fffb
What is the DVB?
an alliance of broadcasters, consumer electronics manufacturers and regulatory bodies
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince 1972, International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) had been working on creating a global recommendation for Analog HDTV. These recommendations, however, did not fit in the broadcasting bands which could reach home users. The standardization of ...
56f9ebe18f12f3190062fffc
What is the DVB's role?
develops and agrees upon specifications
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince 1972, International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) had been working on creating a global recommendation for Analog HDTV. These recommendations, however, did not fit in the broadcasting bands which could reach home users. The standardization of ...
56f9ebe18f12f3190062fffd
Who standardizes HDTV specifications?
ETSI
[ "High-definition_television\n\nSince 1972, International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) had been working on creating a global recommendation for Analog HDTV. These recommendations, however, did not fit in the broadcasting bands which could reach home users. The standardization of ...
56f9ed16f34c681400b0beef
What did the Grand Alliance propose as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV?
ATSC
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDVB created first the standard for DVB-S digital satellite TV, DVB-C digital cable TV and DVB-T digital terrestrial TV. These broadcasting systems can be used for both SDTV and HDTV. In the US the Grand Alliance proposed ATSC as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV. Both ATSC and DVB we...
56f9ed16f34c681400b0bef0
Which standard were ATSC and DVB based on?
MPEG-2
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDVB created first the standard for DVB-S digital satellite TV, DVB-C digital cable TV and DVB-T digital terrestrial TV. These broadcasting systems can be used for both SDTV and HDTV. In the US the Grand Alliance proposed ATSC as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV. Both ATSC and DVB we...
56f9ed16f34c681400b0bef1
Who created the standard for DVB-2, DVB-C, and DVB-T?
DVB
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDVB created first the standard for DVB-S digital satellite TV, DVB-C digital cable TV and DVB-T digital terrestrial TV. These broadcasting systems can be used for both SDTV and HDTV. In the US the Grand Alliance proposed ATSC as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV. Both ATSC and DVB we...
56f9ed16f34c681400b0bef2
Who proposed ATSC as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV?
the Grand Alliance
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDVB created first the standard for DVB-S digital satellite TV, DVB-C digital cable TV and DVB-T digital terrestrial TV. These broadcasting systems can be used for both SDTV and HDTV. In the US the Grand Alliance proposed ATSC as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV. Both ATSC and DVB we...
56fa6e23f34c681400b0c0b7
When did ITU-R start trying to work towards setting a single international HDTV standard?
1983
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already havin...
56fa6e23f34c681400b0c0b8
What did ITU-R start trying to do in 1983?
setting a single international HDTV standard
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already havin...
56fa6e23f34c681400b0c0b9
What was one of the issues with setting a single HDTV standard?
a suitable frame/field refresh rate
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already havin...
56fa6e23f34c681400b0c0ba
What was used as a conversion between the two main frame/field rates?
motion vectors
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already havin...
56fa6e23f34c681400b0c0bb
How many frame/field rates were primarily being used in 1983?
two
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already havin...
56fa6fd3f34c681400b0c0c1
What aspect ratio was agreed upon due to the influence of widescreen cinema?
16:9
[ "High-definition_television\n\nInitially the existing 5:3 aspect ratio had been the main candidate but, due to the influence of widescreen cinema, the aspect ratio 16:9 (1.78) eventually emerged as being a reasonable compromise between 5:3 (1.67) and the common 1.85 widescreen cinema format. An aspect ratio of 16:9...
56fa6fd3f34c681400b0c0c2
Who agreed upon the 16:9 aspect ratio?
the IWP11/6 working party
[ "High-definition_television\n\nInitially the existing 5:3 aspect ratio had been the main candidate but, due to the influence of widescreen cinema, the aspect ratio 16:9 (1.78) eventually emerged as being a reasonable compromise between 5:3 (1.67) and the common 1.85 widescreen cinema format. An aspect ratio of 16:9...
56fa6fd3f34c681400b0c0c3
What was a leading factor in the 16:9 aspect ratio being chosen?
widescreen cinema
[ "High-definition_television\n\nInitially the existing 5:3 aspect ratio had been the main candidate but, due to the influence of widescreen cinema, the aspect ratio 16:9 (1.78) eventually emerged as being a reasonable compromise between 5:3 (1.67) and the common 1.85 widescreen cinema format. An aspect ratio of 16:9...
56fa6fd3f34c681400b0c0c4
Which encoding contains both progressive and interlaced content?
MBAFF
[ "High-definition_television\n\nInitially the existing 5:3 aspect ratio had been the main candidate but, due to the influence of widescreen cinema, the aspect ratio 16:9 (1.78) eventually emerged as being a reasonable compromise between 5:3 (1.67) and the common 1.85 widescreen cinema format. An aspect ratio of 16:9...
56fa6fd3f34c681400b0c0c5
Which aspect ratio was the early favorite?
5:3
[ "High-definition_television\n\nInitially the existing 5:3 aspect ratio had been the main candidate but, due to the influence of widescreen cinema, the aspect ratio 16:9 (1.78) eventually emerged as being a reasonable compromise between 5:3 (1.67) and the common 1.85 widescreen cinema format. An aspect ratio of 16:9...
56fa74058f12f31900630149
What scan format is also included in MBAFF?
1440×1152 HDMAC
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIt also includes the alternative 1440×1152 HDMAC scan format. (According to some reports, a mooted 750-line (720p) format (720 progressively scanned lines) was viewed by some at the ITU as an enhanced television format rather than a true HDTV format, and so was not included, although ...
56fa74058f12f3190063014a
What was viewed by some as enhanced television format and not true HDTV format?
a mooted 750-line
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIt also includes the alternative 1440×1152 HDMAC scan format. (According to some reports, a mooted 750-line (720p) format (720 progressively scanned lines) was viewed by some at the ITU as an enhanced television format rather than a true HDTV format, and so was not included, although ...
56fa74058f12f3190063014b
A mooted 750-line was seen by some at the ITU as what?
an enhanced television format
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIt also includes the alternative 1440×1152 HDMAC scan format. (According to some reports, a mooted 750-line (720p) format (720 progressively scanned lines) was viewed by some at the ITU as an enhanced television format rather than a true HDTV format, and so was not included, although ...
56fa74058f12f3190063014c
What were 1920x1080i and 1280x720p defined by?
US SMPTE standards
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIt also includes the alternative 1440×1152 HDMAC scan format. (According to some reports, a mooted 750-line (720p) format (720 progressively scanned lines) was viewed by some at the ITU as an enhanced television format rather than a true HDTV format, and so was not included, although ...
56fa7909f34c681400b0c0cb
When was HDTV introduced in the US?
late 1980s
[ "High-definition_television\n\nHDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the late 1980s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith...
56fa7909f34c681400b0c0cc
Who made HDTV official in 1993?
the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance
[ "High-definition_television\n\nHDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the late 1980s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith...
56fa7909f34c681400b0c0cd
AT&T, Philips, Zenith, and MIT, among others, made up what group in the 90's?
the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance
[ "High-definition_television\n\nHDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the late 1980s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith...
56fa7909f34c681400b0c0ce
When did the first public HDTV broadcast happen in the US?
July 23, 1996
[ "High-definition_television\n\nHDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the late 1980s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith...
56fa7909f34c681400b0c0cf
What does ATSC stand for?
Advanced Television Systems Committee
[ "High-definition_television\n\nHDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the late 1980s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith...
56fa7a6cf34c681400b0c0d5
When did the first HDTV transmissions happen in Europe?
1990
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first HDTV transmissions in Europe, albeit not direct-to-home, began in 1990, when the Italian broadcaster RAI used the HD-MAC and MUSE HDTV technologies to broadcast the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The matches were shown in 8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain. The connection with Spain wa...
56fa7a6cf34c681400b0c0d6
What event was the first HDTV broadcast in Europe?
FIFA World Cup
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first HDTV transmissions in Europe, albeit not direct-to-home, began in 1990, when the Italian broadcaster RAI used the HD-MAC and MUSE HDTV technologies to broadcast the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The matches were shown in 8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain. The connection with Spain wa...
56fa7a6cf34c681400b0c0d7
When did Europe abandon standard transmission?
mid-1990s
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first HDTV transmissions in Europe, albeit not direct-to-home, began in 1990, when the Italian broadcaster RAI used the HD-MAC and MUSE HDTV technologies to broadcast the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The matches were shown in 8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain. The connection with Spain wa...
56fa7a6cf34c681400b0c0d8
Where was the FIFA World Cup able to be watched in HDTV?
8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first HDTV transmissions in Europe, albeit not direct-to-home, began in 1990, when the Italian broadcaster RAI used the HD-MAC and MUSE HDTV technologies to broadcast the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The matches were shown in 8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain. The connection with Spain wa...
56fa7b568f12f31900630151
When did regular broadcasts start in Europe?
January 1, 2004
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the...
56fa7b568f12f31900630152
What event was first broadcasted on January 1, 2004?
Vienna New Year's Concert
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the...
56fa7b568f12f31900630153
The New Year's Day broadcast officially launched which channel?
HD1
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the...
56fa7b568f12f31900630154
When did test transmissions of HDTV begin in Europe?
September 2003
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the...
56fa7b568f12f31900630155
Which European company launched HD1?
Euro1080
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the...
56fa7cba8f12f3190063015b
Euro1080 was a division of what former company?
Alfacam
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEuro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of \"no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ...\" and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe. The HD1 channel was ini...
56fa7cba8f12f3190063015c
What "chicken or the egg" stalemate prompted Euro1080 to broadcast HDTV channels?
"no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ..."
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEuro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of \"no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ...\" and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe. The HD1 channel was ini...
56fa7cba8f12f3190063015d
What was Euro1080 hoping to kick-start by broadcasting HDTV channels?
HDTV interest in Europe
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEuro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of \"no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ...\" and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe. The HD1 channel was ini...
56fa7cba8f12f3190063015e
How much did viewers have to pay for the HD1 channel?
free-to-air
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEuro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of \"no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ...\" and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe. The HD1 channel was ini...
56fa7cba8f12f3190063015f
What was on HD1 for 4 or 5 hours per day?
a multi-lingual soundtrack on a rolling schedule
[ "High-definition_television\n\nEuro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of \"no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ...\" and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe. The HD1 channel was ini...
56fa81d38f12f31900630165
What format did the first European HDTV broadcast use?
1080i format
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThese first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe." ]
56fa81d38f12f31900630166
What compression did the first European HDTV broadcast use?
MPEG-2
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThese first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe." ]
56fa81d38f12f31900630167
What signal did the first European HDTV broadcast use?
DVB-S
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThese first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe." ]
56fa81d38f12f31900630168
What compression did Euro1080 later change to?
MPEG-4/AVC
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThese first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe." ]
56fa81d38f12f31900630169
What signal did Euro1080 later change to?
DVB-S2
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThese first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe." ]
56fa84e7f34c681400b0c0dd
According to the 2010 Satellite Monitor market survey, how many HD capable TV's were sold in Europe?
185 million
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDespite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 mil...
56fa84e7f34c681400b0c0de
According to the 2010 Satellite Monitor market survey, how many European households were watching HD broadcasts?
20 million
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDespite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 mil...
56fa84e7f34c681400b0c0df
How many pounds were spent in Europe on HD capable TVs in 2010?
£60 million
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDespite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 mil...
56fa84e7f34c681400b0c0e0
What percentage of European digital satellite TV homes were watching HD broadcasts in 2010?
27%
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDespite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 mil...
56fa84e7f34c681400b0c0e1
The number of European HD channels and viewers has done what since the first HDTV broadcasts?
risen steadily
[ "High-definition_television\n\nDespite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 mil...
56fa85dd8f12f3190063016f
Which European country first deployed HD content using the new DVB-T2 standard?
the United Kingdom
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn December 2009 the United Kingdom became the first European country to deploy high definition content using the new DVB-T2 transmission standard, as specified in the Digital TV Group (DTG) D-book, on digital terrestrial television." ]
56fa85dd8f12f31900630170
When did the UK deploy HD content using the new DVB-T2 transmission standard?
December 2009
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn December 2009 the United Kingdom became the first European country to deploy high definition content using the new DVB-T2 transmission standard, as specified in the Digital TV Group (DTG) D-book, on digital terrestrial television." ]
56fa85dd8f12f31900630171
What transmission standard did the UK start using in December 2009?
DVB-T2
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn December 2009 the United Kingdom became the first European country to deploy high definition content using the new DVB-T2 transmission standard, as specified in the Digital TV Group (DTG) D-book, on digital terrestrial television." ]
56fa85dd8f12f31900630172
What does DTG stand for?
Digital TV Group
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIn December 2009 the United Kingdom became the first European country to deploy high definition content using the new DVB-T2 transmission standard, as specified in the Digital TV Group (DTG) D-book, on digital terrestrial television." ]
56fa88b8f34c681400b0c0e7
How many HD channels did the Freeview HD service contain as of December 2013?
10
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Freeview HD service currently contains 10 HD channels (as of December 2013[update]) and was rolled out region by region across the UK in accordance with the digital switchover process, finally being completed in October 2012. However, Freeview HD is not the first HDTV service over...
56fa88b8f34c681400b0c0e8
When was the digital switchover process completed in the UK?
October 2012
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Freeview HD service currently contains 10 HD channels (as of December 2013[update]) and was rolled out region by region across the UK in accordance with the digital switchover process, finally being completed in October 2012. However, Freeview HD is not the first HDTV service over...
56fa88b8f34c681400b0c0e9
Which service contains 10 HD channels and finished its roll out in October 2012?
Freeview HD
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Freeview HD service currently contains 10 HD channels (as of December 2013[update]) and was rolled out region by region across the UK in accordance with the digital switchover process, finally being completed in October 2012. However, Freeview HD is not the first HDTV service over...
56fa88b8f34c681400b0c0ea
How was the Freeview HD service rolled out in the UK?
region by region
[ "High-definition_television\n\nThe Freeview HD service currently contains 10 HD channels (as of December 2013[update]) and was rolled out region by region across the UK in accordance with the digital switchover process, finally being completed in October 2012. However, Freeview HD is not the first HDTV service over...
56fa8b328f12f31900630177
What are the three HDTV parameters?
[frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate]
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIf all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. ...
56fa8b328f12f31900630178
Which two parameters can be dropped if its value is implied from context?
frame size or frame rate
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIf all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. ...
56fa8b328f12f31900630179
When can the frame size or frame rate parameter specification be dropped?
if its value is implied from context
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIf all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. ...
56fa8b328f12f3190063017a
When a parameter is dropped, the remaining numeric parameter is specified first, followed by what?
the scanning system
[ "High-definition_television\n\nIf all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. ...
56fa8e4af34c681400b0c0ef
What size is each 1920x1080p25 frame?
1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high
[ "High-definition_television\n\nFor example, 1920×1080p25 identifies progressive scanning format with 25 frames per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 25 frames (50 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pix...
56fa8e4af34c681400b0c0f0
The 1920x1080p25 notion identifies progressive scanning format with how many frames per second?
25
[ "High-definition_television\n\nFor example, 1920×1080p25 identifies progressive scanning format with 25 frames per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 25 frames (50 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pix...
56fa8e4af34c681400b0c0f1
The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notion identifies interlaced scanning format with how many frames per second?
25
[ "High-definition_television\n\nFor example, 1920×1080p25 identifies progressive scanning format with 25 frames per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 25 frames (50 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pix...
56fa8e4af34c681400b0c0f2
The 1080i30 or 1080i60 notion identifies interlaced scanning format with how many frames per second?
30
[ "High-definition_television\n\nFor example, 1920×1080p25 identifies progressive scanning format with 25 frames per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 25 frames (50 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pix...
56fa8e4af34c681400b0c0f3
The 720p60 notion identifies progressive scanning format with how many frames per second?
60
[ "High-definition_television\n\nFor example, 1920×1080p25 identifies progressive scanning format with 25 frames per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 25 frames (50 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pix...
56fa97178f12f3190063017f
What three scanning rates do 50 Hz systems support?
50i, 25p and 50p
[ "High-definition_television\n\n50 Hz systems support three scanning rates: 50i, 25p and 50p. 60 Hz systems support a much wider set of frame rates: 59.94i, 60i, 23.976p, 24p, 29.97p, 30p, 59.94p and 60p. In the days of standard definition television, the fractional rates were often rounded up to whole numbers, e.g....
56fa97178f12f31900630180
Which system suports 59.94i, 60i, 23.976p, 24p, 29.97p, 30p, 59.94p, and 60p
60 Hz
[ "High-definition_television\n\n50 Hz systems support three scanning rates: 50i, 25p and 50p. 60 Hz systems support a much wider set of frame rates: 59.94i, 60i, 23.976p, 24p, 29.97p, 30p, 59.94p and 60p. In the days of standard definition television, the fractional rates were often rounded up to whole numbers, e.g....
56fa97178f12f31900630181
SD television fractional rates were often rounded to what?
whole numbers
[ "High-definition_television\n\n50 Hz systems support three scanning rates: 50i, 25p and 50p. 60 Hz systems support a much wider set of frame rates: 59.94i, 60i, 23.976p, 24p, 29.97p, 30p, 59.94p and 60p. In the days of standard definition television, the fractional rates were often rounded up to whole numbers, e.g....