id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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56d09004234ae51400d9c38f | What are some of the materials used in thermal storage systems? | water, earth and stone | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThermal mass systems can store solar energy in the form of heat at domestically useful temperatures for daily or interseasonal durations. Thermal storage systems generally use readily available materials with high specific heat capacities such as water, earth and stone. Well-designed systems can lo... |
56d09004234ae51400d9c390 | What is something that can be accomplished by a thermal mass system? | reduce overall heating and cooling requirements | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThermal mass systems can store solar energy in the form of heat at domestically useful temperatures for daily or interseasonal durations. Thermal storage systems generally use readily available materials with high specific heat capacities such as water, earth and stone. Well-designed systems can lo... |
56ce7a03aab44d1400b887e3 | Paraffin wax is an example of what kind of storage media? | thermal | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56ce7a03aab44d1400b887e4 | The first Glauber's salt heating system was first used where? | The "Dover House" | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56d09106234ae51400d9c394 | What are some examples of phase change materials? | paraffin wax and Glauber's salt | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56d09106234ae51400d9c395 | What are the approximate temperatures that can be delivered by phase change materials? | 64 °C or 147 °F | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56d09106234ae51400d9c396 | What was the name of the heating system that first used Glauber's salt? | Dover House | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56d09106234ae51400d9c397 | Why are salts good for thermal storage? | they are low-cost, have a high specific heat capacity and can deliver heat at temperatures compatible with conventional power systems | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56d09106234ae51400d9c398 | How much energy was the Solar Two able to store using salts? | 1.44 terajoules (400,000 kWh) | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPhase change materials such as paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are another thermal storage media. These materials are inexpensive, readily available, and can deliver domestically useful temperatures (approximately 64 °C or 147 °F). The \"Dover House\" (in Dover, Massachusetts) was the first to use ... |
56ce7ba4aab44d1400b887ed | Where do off-grid PV systems store excess electricity? | rechargeable batteries | [
"Solar_energy\n\nOff-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid, while standard grid electricity can be used to meet shortfalls. Net metering programs give household systems a credit for ... |
56d09249234ae51400d9c39e | What do off-grid PV systems use to store excess electricity? | rechargeable batteries | [
"Solar_energy\n\nOff-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid, while standard grid electricity can be used to meet shortfalls. Net metering programs give household systems a credit for ... |
56d09249234ae51400d9c39f | What are the programs that gives credit to households for delivering electricity to the grid called? | Net metering programs | [
"Solar_energy\n\nOff-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid, while standard grid electricity can be used to meet shortfalls. Net metering programs give household systems a credit for ... |
56d09249234ae51400d9c3a0 | How is the credit to households accomplished? | by 'rolling back' the meter whenever the home produces more electricity than it consumes | [
"Solar_energy\n\nOff-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid, while standard grid electricity can be used to meet shortfalls. Net metering programs give household systems a credit for ... |
56d09249234ae51400d9c3a1 | Why is a second meter usually unnecessary to monitor electricity use? | Most standard meters accurately measure in both directions | [
"Solar_energy\n\nOff-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid, while standard grid electricity can be used to meet shortfalls. Net metering programs give household systems a credit for ... |
56ce7bd2aab44d1400b887f1 | When water is released due to high demand, the pump become swhat? | a hydroelectric power generator | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPumped-storage hydroelectricity stores energy in the form of water pumped when energy is available from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation one. The energy is recovered when demand is high by releasing the water, with the pump becoming a hydroelectric power generator."
] |
56d092a1234ae51400d9c3a6 | Pumped-storage hydroelectricity stores energy in what form? | water pumped when energy is available from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation one | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPumped-storage hydroelectricity stores energy in the form of water pumped when energy is available from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation one. The energy is recovered when demand is high by releasing the water, with the pump becoming a hydroelectric power generator."
] |
56d092a1234ae51400d9c3a7 | How is the energy stored by pumped-storage hydroelectricity recovered? | by releasing the water, with the pump becoming a hydroelectric power generator | [
"Solar_energy\n\nPumped-storage hydroelectricity stores energy in the form of water pumped when energy is available from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation one. The energy is recovered when demand is high by releasing the water, with the pump becoming a hydroelectric power generator."
] |
56ce7c26aab44d1400b887fb | The oil embargo in what year was a contributing factor to the reorganization of energy policies? | 1973 | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies. Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine... |
56d097fb234ae51400d9c3ae | What brought attention to solar technologies in the 1970s? | The 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies. Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine... |
56d097fb234ae51400d9c3af | What are the names of some of the incentive programs used to promote solar technology? | the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine Program in Japan | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies. Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine... |
56d097fb234ae51400d9c3b0 | What is the name of the solar energy research facility in the US? | SERI, now NREL | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies. Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine... |
56d097fb234ae51400d9c3b1 | What is the name of the solar energy research facility in Japan? | NEDO | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies. Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine... |
56d097fb234ae51400d9c3b2 | What is the name of the solar energy research facility in Germany? | Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies. Deployment strategies focused on incentive programs such as the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program in the US and the Sunshine... |
56ce7c97aab44d1400b88801 | The solar water heaters introduced in the US in the 1890s saw growth until what time period? | the 1920s | [
"Solar_energy\n\nCommercial solar water heaters began appearing in the United States in the 1890s. These systems saw increasing use until the 1920s but were gradually replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels. As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil cr... |
56ce7c97aab44d1400b88802 | Since 1999, what average rate has the solar water heating sector progressed at? | 20% per year | [
"Solar_energy\n\nCommercial solar water heaters began appearing in the United States in the 1890s. These systems saw increasing use until the 1920s but were gradually replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels. As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil cr... |
56d098d8234ae51400d9c3b8 | When did the use of solar water heaters in the US first begin? | in the 1890s | [
"Solar_energy\n\nCommercial solar water heaters began appearing in the United States in the 1890s. These systems saw increasing use until the 1920s but were gradually replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels. As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil cr... |
56d098d8234ae51400d9c3b9 | Why did interest in solar water heating decrease in the 1980s? | falling petroleum prices | [
"Solar_energy\n\nCommercial solar water heaters began appearing in the United States in the 1890s. These systems saw increasing use until the 1920s but were gradually replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels. As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil cr... |
56d098d8234ae51400d9c3ba | Growth of solar water heating development has averaged how much per year since 1999 | 20% | [
"Solar_energy\n\nCommercial solar water heaters began appearing in the United States in the 1890s. These systems saw increasing use until the 1920s but were gradually replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels. As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil cr... |
56d098d8234ae51400d9c3bb | What was the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling in 2007? | 154 GW | [
"Solar_energy\n\nCommercial solar water heaters began appearing in the United States in the 1890s. These systems saw increasing use until the 1920s but were gradually replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels. As with photovoltaics, solar water heating attracted renewed attention as a result of the oil cr... |
56ce7cbbaab44d1400b88805 | Which organization believes that solar energy can solve some of our most pressing issues? | The International Energy Agency | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe International Energy Agency has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces:"
] |
56d0990e234ae51400d9c3c0 | Who said that solar energy can help solve some of the most urgent problems in the world? | The International Energy Agency | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe International Energy Agency has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces:"
] |
56ce7d1aaab44d1400b88809 | ISO 9050 relates to standards for what? | glass in building | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe International Organization for Standardization has established a number of standards relating to solar energy equipment. For example, ISO 9050 relates to glass in building while ISO 10217 relates to the materials used in solar water heaters."
] |
56ce7d1aaab44d1400b8880a | ISO 10217 relates to standards for what? | materials used in solar water heaters | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe International Organization for Standardization has established a number of standards relating to solar energy equipment. For example, ISO 9050 relates to glass in building while ISO 10217 relates to the materials used in solar water heaters."
] |
56d09a77234ae51400d9c3c6 | What is the name of the standard related to glass in building? | ISO 9050 | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe International Organization for Standardization has established a number of standards relating to solar energy equipment. For example, ISO 9050 relates to glass in building while ISO 10217 relates to the materials used in solar water heaters."
] |
56d09a77234ae51400d9c3c7 | What is the name of the standard related to the materials used in solar water heaters? | ISO 10217 | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe International Organization for Standardization has established a number of standards relating to solar energy equipment. For example, ISO 9050 relates to glass in building while ISO 10217 relates to the materials used in solar water heaters."
] |
56ce9211aab44d1400b88893 | What are the technologies used to capture solar energy characterized as? | passive solar or active solar | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIt is an important source of renewable energy and its technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic systems, concent... |
56ce9211aab44d1400b88894 | What are some active solar techniques used to harness solar energy? | photovoltaic systems, concentrated solar power and solar water heating | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIt is an important source of renewable energy and its technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic systems, concent... |
56ce9211aab44d1400b88895 | What is an example of a passive solar technique? | orienting a building to the Sun | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIt is an important source of renewable energy and its technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic systems, concent... |
56ce9464aab44d1400b88899 | What was the total worldwide energy consumption in 2012? | 559.8 EJ | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe large magnitude of solar energy available makes it a highly appealing source of electricity. The United Nations Development Programme in its 2000 World Energy Assessment found that the annual potential of solar energy was 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ). This is several times larger than the total ... |
56ce9464aab44d1400b8889a | What is solar energy's yearly potential? | 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ) | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe large magnitude of solar energy available makes it a highly appealing source of electricity. The United Nations Development Programme in its 2000 World Energy Assessment found that the annual potential of solar energy was 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ). This is several times larger than the total ... |
56ce9464aab44d1400b8889b | What makes solar energy an appealing source of electricity> | The large magnitude of solar energy available | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe large magnitude of solar energy available makes it a highly appealing source of electricity. The United Nations Development Programme in its 2000 World Energy Assessment found that the annual potential of solar energy was 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ). This is several times larger than the total ... |
56ce9464aab44d1400b8889c | Who estimated the annual potential of solar energy in 2000? | The United Nations Development Programme | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe large magnitude of solar energy available makes it a highly appealing source of electricity. The United Nations Development Programme in its 2000 World Energy Assessment found that the annual potential of solar energy was 1,575–49,837 exajoules (EJ). This is several times larger than the total ... |
56cfb40b234ae51400d9bea3 | How will solar energy increase energy security? | through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resource | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2011, the International Energy Agency said that \"the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resou... |
56cfb40b234ae51400d9bea4 | What costs will solar energy lower? | the costs of mitigating global warming | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2011, the International Energy Agency said that \"the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resou... |
56cfb40b234ae51400d9bea5 | What should the cost of incentives for producing solar energy be considered? | learning investments | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2011, the International Energy Agency said that \"the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resou... |
56cfb40b234ae51400d9bea6 | What effect will solar energy have on the price of fossil fuels? | keep fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2011, the International Energy Agency said that \"the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resou... |
56cfbb5c234ae51400d9bf29 | Why does the amount of usable solar energy differ from the amount near the planets surface? | geography, time variation, cloud cover, and the land available to humans | [
"Solar_energy\n\nThe potential solar energy that could be used by humans differs from the amount of solar energy present near the surface of the planet because factors such as geography, time variation, cloud cover, and the land available to humans limits the amount of solar energy that we can acquire."
] |
56cfbc7f234ae51400d9bf33 | Why does geography have an effect of the amount of solar energy available? | areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation | [
"Solar_energy\n\nGeography effects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator.... |
56cfbc7f234ae51400d9bf34 | What is the process called that can increase solar energy in areas further away from the earth's equator? | photovoltaics | [
"Solar_energy\n\nGeography effects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator.... |
56cfbc7f234ae51400d9bf35 | Why does time have an effect of the amount of available solar energy? | during the nighttime there is little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for solar panels to absorb | [
"Solar_energy\n\nGeography effects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator.... |
56cfbc7f234ae51400d9bf36 | What effect does cloud coverage have on the amount of solar energy available? | clouds block incoming light from the sun and reduce the light available for solar cells | [
"Solar_energy\n\nGeography effects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator.... |
56cfbd75234ae51400d9bf3d | Why does land availability have an effect on solar energy? | solar panels can only be set up on land that is unowned and suitable for solar panels | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn addition, land availability has a large effect on the available solar energy because solar panels can only be set up on land that is unowned and suitable for solar panels. Roofs have been found to be a suitable place for solar cells, as many people have discovered that they can collect energy di... |
56cfbd75234ae51400d9bf3e | Why are roofs a good place for solar panels? | many people have discovered that they can collect energy directly from their homes this way | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn addition, land availability has a large effect on the available solar energy because solar panels can only be set up on land that is unowned and suitable for solar panels. Roofs have been found to be a suitable place for solar cells, as many people have discovered that they can collect energy di... |
56cfe547234ae51400d9c029 | What factors were taken into account in the estimate published in 2000 on solar energy? | insolation, cloud cover, and the land that is usable by humans | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2000, the United Nations Development Programme, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, and World Energy Council published an estimate of the potential solar energy that could be used by humans each year that took into account factors such as insolation, cloud cover, and the land that is u... |
56cfe547234ae51400d9c02a | What was the total potential of solar energy found in the estimate? | 1,575–49,837 EJ per year | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2000, the United Nations Development Programme, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, and World Energy Council published an estimate of the potential solar energy that could be used by humans each year that took into account factors such as insolation, cloud cover, and the land that is u... |
56d005e1234ae51400d9c287 | What is solar power? | conversion of sunlight into electricity | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSolar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric curre... |
56d005e1234ae51400d9c288 | How is sunlight converted into electricity? | either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP) | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSolar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric curre... |
56d005e1234ae51400d9c289 | What does a concentrated solar power system use? | lenses or mirrors and tracking systems | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSolar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric curre... |
56d005e1234ae51400d9c28a | What is the purpose of a concentrated solar power system? | focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSolar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric curre... |
56d005e1234ae51400d9c28b | What method does the photovoltaics system use to turn light into electricity? | photoelectric effect | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSolar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric curre... |
56d07d26234ae51400d9c326 | What has influenced the design since the beginning of architectural history? | Sunlight | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSunlight has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history. Advanced solar architecture and urban planning methods were first employed by the Greeks and Chinese, who oriented their buildings toward the south to provide light and warmth."
] |
56d07d26234ae51400d9c327 | Who first utilized solar architecture? | Greeks and Chinese | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSunlight has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history. Advanced solar architecture and urban planning methods were first employed by the Greeks and Chinese, who oriented their buildings toward the south to provide light and warmth."
] |
56d07d26234ae51400d9c328 | In which direction were the buildings built by the Greeks and Chinese facing? | toward the south | [
"Solar_energy\n\nSunlight has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history. Advanced solar architecture and urban planning methods were first employed by the Greeks and Chinese, who oriented their buildings toward the south to provide light and warmth."
] |
56d08aa8234ae51400d9c36a | What is a solar balloon? | a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air | [
"Solar_energy\n\nA solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is genera... |
56d08aa8234ae51400d9c36b | What happens when sunlight shines on a solar balloon? | the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force | [
"Solar_energy\n\nA solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is genera... |
56d08aa8234ae51400d9c36c | What is the use of solar balloons typically limited to? | the toy market | [
"Solar_energy\n\nA solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is genera... |
56d08aa8234ae51400d9c36d | Why is the use of solar balloons typically limited to the toy market? | the surface-area to payload-weight ratio is relatively high | [
"Solar_energy\n\nA solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is genera... |
56d09354234ae51400d9c3aa | Why was solar technology developed in the 1860s? | driven by an expectation that coal would soon become scarce | [
"Solar_energy\n\nBeginning with the surge in coal use which accompanied the Industrial Revolution, energy consumption has steadily transitioned from wood and biomass to fossil fuels. The early development of solar technologies starting in the 1860s was driven by an expectation that coal would soon become scarce. Ho... |
56d09354234ae51400d9c3ab | What slowed the development of solar technologies in the early 20th century? | increasing availability, economy, and utility of coal and petroleum | [
"Solar_energy\n\nBeginning with the surge in coal use which accompanied the Industrial Revolution, energy consumption has steadily transitioned from wood and biomass to fossil fuels. The early development of solar technologies starting in the 1860s was driven by an expectation that coal would soon become scarce. Ho... |
56d09a0e234ae51400d9c3c2 | According to a report in 2011, by what year could solar energy provide a third of the world's energy? | 2060 | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2011, a report by the International Energy Agency found that solar energy technologies such as photovoltaics, solar hot water and concentrated solar power could provide a third of the world’s energy by 2060 if politicians commit to limiting climate change. The energy from the sun could play a ke... |
56d09a0e234ae51400d9c3c3 | What could the sun's energy do to help limit climate change? | could play a key role in de-carbonizing the global economy alongside improvements in energy efficiency and imposing costs on greenhouse gas emitters | [
"Solar_energy\n\nIn 2011, a report by the International Energy Agency found that solar energy technologies such as photovoltaics, solar hot water and concentrated solar power could provide a third of the world’s energy by 2060 if politicians commit to limiting climate change. The energy from the sun could play a ke... |
56cf4da7aab44d1400b88f86 | What year was Kanye born? | 1977 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West (/ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, rapper, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. He is among the most acclaimed musicians of the 21st century, attracting both praise and controversy for his work and his outspoken public persona."
] |
56d0f35817492d1400aab693 | What kind of music does Kanye West perform? | hip hop | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West (/ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, rapper, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. He is among the most acclaimed musicians of the 21st century, attracting both praise and controversy for his work and his outspoken public persona."
] |
56d0f35817492d1400aab694 | What is Kanye West's middle name? | Omari | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West (/ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, rapper, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. He is among the most acclaimed musicians of the 21st century, attracting both praise and controversy for his work and his outspoken public persona."
] |
56d0f35817492d1400aab695 | When is Kanye West's birthday? | June 8, 1977 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West (/ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American hip hop recording artist, record producer, rapper, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. He is among the most acclaimed musicians of the 21st century, attracting both praise and controversy for his work and his outspoken public persona."
] |
56cf4e9aaab44d1400b88f9a | What was the first label that Kanye produced for? | Roc-A-Fella Records | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56cf4e9aaab44d1400b88f9b | Who are some well known artists that Kanye produced for early in his career? | Jay-Z and Alicia Keys | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56cf4e9aaab44d1400b88f9c | How many albums has Kanye released since starting his solo career in 2004? | 7 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56cf4e9aaab44d1400b88f9d | With which artists that Kanye formerly produced for did he go on to collaborate with? | Jay-Z | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56d0f47a17492d1400aab699 | Where did Kanye West live as a child? | Chicago | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56d0f47a17492d1400aab69a | What was Kanye West's first job title after art school? | producer | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56d0f47a17492d1400aab69b | What year did Kanye West release his first rap CD? | 2004 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56d0f47a17492d1400aab69d | How many total CDs has Kanye West released in his career so far? | 7 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nRaised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 ... |
56cf58f7aab44d1400b890b5 | How many albums has Kanye sold? | 32 million | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56cf58f7aab44d1400b890b6 | How many downloads do Kanye's tracks have across the globe? | 100 million | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56cf58f7aab44d1400b890b7 | Kanye is known for having the most of what type of award for his age? | Grammy | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56cf58f7aab44d1400b890b8 | How many albums does Kanye have on the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time" list? | 3 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56cf58f7aab44d1400b890b9 | What popular magazine placed Kanye on their annual list in 2005 and 2015? | Time | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56d0f8a117492d1400aab6ad | How many CDs has Kanye West sold? | 32 million | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56d0f8a117492d1400aab6ae | How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? | 21 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56d0f8a117492d1400aab6af | How many of Kanye West's albums were recognized by Rolling Stone Magazine? | 3 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56d0f8a117492d1400aab6b0 | Which years was Kanye West mentioned in Time Magazine? | 2005 and 2015 | [
"Kanye_West\n\nWest is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist of his age. Three of his albums r... |
56cf5e7eaab44d1400b89158 | What subject did Kanye's mother teach at her university? | English | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was lat... |
56d0fb0317492d1400aab6c9 | What Georgia city was Kanye West born? | Atlanta | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was lat... |
56d0fb0317492d1400aab6cb | What was the name of the business that Kanye West helped fund in 2006? | Good Water Store and Café | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was lat... |
56d0fb0317492d1400aab6cc | Where did Kanye West's mother work before becoming his manager? | Chicago State University | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was lat... |
56d0fb0317492d1400aab6cd | What was the name of Kanye West's high school? | Polaris High School | [
"Kanye_West\n\nKanye Omari West was born on June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was lat... |
56cf5ee8aab44d1400b8915d | Where did Kanye and his mother relocate when he was 10? | Nanjing, China | [
"Kanye_West\n\nAt the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, where she was teaching at Nanjing University as part of an exchange program. According to his mother, West was the only foreigner in his class, but settled in well and quickly picked up the language, although he has since forgotten most ... |
56cf5ee8aab44d1400b8915e | While staying in China, Kanye was the only what in his class? | foreigner | [
"Kanye_West\n\nAt the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, where she was teaching at Nanjing University as part of an exchange program. According to his mother, West was the only foreigner in his class, but settled in well and quickly picked up the language, although he has since forgotten most ... |
56cf5ee8aab44d1400b8915f | How well did Kanye do in high school? | A's and B's | [
"Kanye_West\n\nAt the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, where she was teaching at Nanjing University as part of an exchange program. According to his mother, West was the only foreigner in his class, but settled in well and quickly picked up the language, although he has since forgotten most ... |
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