id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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5726b92a708984140094cf32 | Where did the Hurricanes play their first two seasons? | Greensboro Coliseum | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment an... |
5726b92a708984140094cf33 | What is the home stadium of the Carolina Hurricanes called? | PNC Arena | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment an... |
5726b92a708984140094cf34 | What is the only professional sports team in North Carolina? | National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment an... |
5726b92a708984140094cf35 | When did the Carolina Hurricanes win the Stanley Cup? | 2006 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment an... |
5726b98f5951b619008f7bdd | What sports teams have been in Raleigh? | Raleigh IceCaps of the ECHL (1991–1998); Carolina Cobras of the Arena Football | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nSeveral other professional sports leagues have had former franchises (now defunct) in Raleigh, including the Raleigh IceCaps of the ECHL (1991–1998); Carolina Cobras of the Arena Football League (2000–2004); the Raleigh–Durham Skyhawks of the World League of American Football (1991); the... |
5726b98f5951b619008f7bde | What was the name of the GBA team in Raleigh? | Raleigh Bullfrogs | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nSeveral other professional sports leagues have had former franchises (now defunct) in Raleigh, including the Raleigh IceCaps of the ECHL (1991–1998); Carolina Cobras of the Arena Football League (2000–2004); the Raleigh–Durham Skyhawks of the World League of American Football (1991); the... |
5726b98f5951b619008f7bdf | When did the Raleigh Cougars play? | 1997–1999 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nSeveral other professional sports leagues have had former franchises (now defunct) in Raleigh, including the Raleigh IceCaps of the ECHL (1991–1998); Carolina Cobras of the Arena Football League (2000–2004); the Raleigh–Durham Skyhawks of the World League of American Football (1991); the... |
5726b98f5951b619008f7be0 | What type of team was the Carolina Courage? | Women's United Soccer | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nSeveral other professional sports leagues have had former franchises (now defunct) in Raleigh, including the Raleigh IceCaps of the ECHL (1991–1998); Carolina Cobras of the Arena Football League (2000–2004); the Raleigh–Durham Skyhawks of the World League of American Football (1991); the... |
5726b98f5951b619008f7be1 | What year did the Carolina Courage win the Founders Cup? | 2002 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nSeveral other professional sports leagues have had former franchises (now defunct) in Raleigh, including the Raleigh IceCaps of the ECHL (1991–1998); Carolina Cobras of the Arena Football League (2000–2004); the Raleigh–Durham Skyhawks of the World League of American Football (1991); the... |
5726ba1add62a815002e8e56 | Where is North Carolina State University? | southwest Raleigh | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nNorth Carolina State University is located in southwest Raleigh where the Wolfpack competes nationally in 24 intercollegiate varsity sports as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The university's football team plays in Carter-Finley Stadium, the third largest football stadium in N... |
5726ba1add62a815002e8e57 | What is the mascot for North Carolina State University? | Wolfpack | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nNorth Carolina State University is located in southwest Raleigh where the Wolfpack competes nationally in 24 intercollegiate varsity sports as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The university's football team plays in Carter-Finley Stadium, the third largest football stadium in N... |
5726ba1add62a815002e8e58 | Where does the football team for North Carolina State University play? | Carter-Finley Stadium | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nNorth Carolina State University is located in southwest Raleigh where the Wolfpack competes nationally in 24 intercollegiate varsity sports as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The university's football team plays in Carter-Finley Stadium, the third largest football stadium in N... |
5726ba1add62a815002e8e59 | How big is Carter Finley Stadium? | third largest football stadium in North Carolina | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nNorth Carolina State University is located in southwest Raleigh where the Wolfpack competes nationally in 24 intercollegiate varsity sports as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The university's football team plays in Carter-Finley Stadium, the third largest football stadium in N... |
5726ba1add62a815002e8e5a | Where does North Carolina State University men's wrestling compete? | Reynolds Coliseum | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nNorth Carolina State University is located in southwest Raleigh where the Wolfpack competes nationally in 24 intercollegiate varsity sports as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The university's football team plays in Carter-Finley Stadium, the third largest football stadium in N... |
5726baec708984140094cf71 | How many sites are throughout Raleigh? | 150 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis ... |
5726baec708984140094cf72 | What are there 8,100 acres of in Raleigh? | park land, | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis ... |
5726baec708984140094cf73 | What type of race track is in Raleigh? | BMX championship-caliber | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis ... |
5726baec708984140094cf74 | How many public lakes are in Raleigh? | 5 public lakes, | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis ... |
5726baec708984140094cf75 | What is the name of the arboretum? | J. C. Raulston Arboretum | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nThe Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities at more than 150 sites throughout the city, which include: 8,100 acres (33 km2) of park land, 78 miles (126 km) of greenway, 22 community centers, a BMX championship-caliber race track, 112 tennis ... |
5726bb4add62a815002e8e88 | How many incidents of violent crime were there in 2010? | 1,740 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nAccording to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina ave... |
5726bb4add62a815002e8e89 | What were there 12,995 of in 2010? | property crime | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nAccording to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina ave... |
5726bb4add62a815002e8e8a | How does Raleigh compare in crime to the rest of the country? | far below both the national average | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nAccording to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina ave... |
5726bb4add62a815002e8e8b | How many murders were in Raleigh in 2010? | 14 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nAccording to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina ave... |
5726bb4add62a815002e8e8c | How many incidents of motor vehicle theft were there in 2010? | 870 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nAccording to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina ave... |
5726bbc15951b619008f7c55 | Who operates the public schools in Raleigh? | Wake County Public School System | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nPublic schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students t... |
5726bbc15951b619008f7c56 | What is the school system praised for? | innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nPublic schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students t... |
5726bbc15951b619008f7c57 | How many magnet schools are there in Raleigh? | three | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nPublic schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students t... |
5726bbc15951b619008f7c58 | What type of degree can you get from a high school in Raleigh? | International Baccalaureate | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nPublic schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students t... |
5726bbc15951b619008f7c59 | Does Raleigh have alternate high schools? | Raleigh also has two alternative high schools. | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nPublic schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students t... |
5726bc32dd62a815002e8eb0 | What is the area's primary airport? | Raleigh-Durham International Airport, | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh-Durham International Airport, the region's primary airport and the second-largest in North Carolina, located northwest of downtown Raleigh via Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham, serves the city and greater Research Triangle metropolitan region, as well as much of eastern N... |
5726bc32dd62a815002e8eb1 | Where is Raleigh-Durham International Airport? | Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh-Durham International Airport, the region's primary airport and the second-largest in North Carolina, located northwest of downtown Raleigh via Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham, serves the city and greater Research Triangle metropolitan region, as well as much of eastern N... |
5726bc32dd62a815002e8eb2 | How many destinations does the airport offer internationally? | 35 | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh-Durham International Airport, the region's primary airport and the second-largest in North Carolina, located northwest of downtown Raleigh via Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham, serves the city and greater Research Triangle metropolitan region, as well as much of eastern N... |
5726bc32dd62a815002e8eb3 | What are there 10 million of each year at the airport? | passengers | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh-Durham International Airport, the region's primary airport and the second-largest in North Carolina, located northwest of downtown Raleigh via Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham, serves the city and greater Research Triangle metropolitan region, as well as much of eastern N... |
5726bc32dd62a815002e8eb4 | What was Terminal 2 formerly called at the airport? | Terminal C | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh-Durham International Airport, the region's primary airport and the second-largest in North Carolina, located northwest of downtown Raleigh via Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham, serves the city and greater Research Triangle metropolitan region, as well as much of eastern N... |
5726bc975951b619008f7c8b | What was Triangle Transit called before? | Triangle Transit Authority, | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to a... |
5726bc975951b619008f7c8c | What does Triangle Transit offer? | scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to a... |
5726bc975951b619008f7c8d | Where else does Triangle Transit go to? | Raleigh-Durham International Airport, Research Triangle Park | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to a... |
5726bc975951b619008f7c8e | Does Triangle Transit have a van service? | Triangle Transit also coordinates an extensive vanpool | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to a... |
5726bc975951b619008f7c8f | Are employers connected with Triangle Transit? | rideshare program that serves the region's larger employers | [
"Raleigh,_North_Carolina\n\nRaleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to a... |
5726abdb5951b619008f7999 | What does RDN stand for? | Registered dietitian nutritionists | [
"Nutrition\n\nRegistered dietitian nutritionists (RDs or RDNs) are health professionals qualified to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice which includes a review of what is eaten, a thorough review of nutritional health, and a personalized nutritional treatment plan. They also provide preventive and therapeu... |
5726abdb5951b619008f799a | Who offers dietary advice on the role of nutrition in chronic diseases? | Certified Clinical Nutritionists | [
"Nutrition\n\nRegistered dietitian nutritionists (RDs or RDNs) are health professionals qualified to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice which includes a review of what is eaten, a thorough review of nutritional health, and a personalized nutritional treatment plan. They also provide preventive and therapeu... |
5726abdb5951b619008f799b | For which health professional is Governmental regulation more universal? | RDN | [
"Nutrition\n\nRegistered dietitian nutritionists (RDs or RDNs) are health professionals qualified to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice which includes a review of what is eaten, a thorough review of nutritional health, and a personalized nutritional treatment plan. They also provide preventive and therapeu... |
5726abdb5951b619008f799c | Who typically specializes in obesity and chronic disease? | Certified Nutrition Specialist | [
"Nutrition\n\nRegistered dietitian nutritionists (RDs or RDNs) are health professionals qualified to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice which includes a review of what is eaten, a thorough review of nutritional health, and a personalized nutritional treatment plan. They also provide preventive and therapeu... |
5726ac5b5951b619008f79a9 | In which time period did the study of nutrition begin? | 6th century BC | [
"Nutrition\n\nAccording to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or \"wind\" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into \"hot\" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and \"co... |
5726ac5b5951b619008f79aa | What is the European equivalent of "Qi"? | pneuma | [
"Nutrition\n\nAccording to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or \"wind\" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into \"hot\" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and \"co... |
5726ac5b5951b619008f79ab | What kind of food classification does ginger belong to? | hot | [
"Nutrition\n\nAccording to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or \"wind\" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into \"hot\" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and \"co... |
5726ac5b5951b619008f79ac | What nationality was Alcmaeon of Croton? | Greek | [
"Nutrition\n\nAccording to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or \"wind\" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into \"hot\" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and \"co... |
5726ac5b5951b619008f79ad | Other than obesity, what else would trademark an imbalance in nutrition? | emaciation | [
"Nutrition\n\nAccording to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or \"wind\" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into \"hot\" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and \"co... |
5726acfcf1498d1400e8e6d4 | What does the Book of Daniel contain? | first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects is found in the Bible's Book of Daniel. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. Selected as court servants, they were to share in the king's fine foods and wine. But they objected, preferrin... |
5726acfcf1498d1400e8e6d5 | Which country was being invaded when Daniel and his friends were captured? | Israel | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects is found in the Bible's Book of Daniel. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. Selected as court servants, they were to share in the king's fine foods and wine. But they objected, preferrin... |
5726acfcf1498d1400e8e6d6 | What occupation were Daniel and his friends originally meant to have? | court servants | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects is found in the Bible's Book of Daniel. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. Selected as court servants, they were to share in the king's fine foods and wine. But they objected, preferrin... |
5726acfcf1498d1400e8e6d7 | How long did the trial diet last? | 10 days | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects is found in the Bible's Book of Daniel. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. Selected as court servants, they were to share in the king's fine foods and wine. But they objected, preferrin... |
5726acfcf1498d1400e8e6d8 | What is another term for vegetables that was used? | pulses | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects is found in the Bible's Book of Daniel. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. Selected as court servants, they were to share in the king's fine foods and wine. But they objected, preferrin... |
5726adf95951b619008f7a0b | How long was the doctrines of Galen in use for? | 1500 years | [
"Nutrition\n\nOne mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years. Galen was physician to gladiators in Pergamon, and in Rome, physician to Marcus Aurelius and the three emperors who succeeded him. Most of ... |
5726adf95951b619008f7a0c | Which famous emperor did Galen serve as a physician to? | Marcus Aurelius | [
"Nutrition\n\nOne mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years. Galen was physician to gladiators in Pergamon, and in Rome, physician to Marcus Aurelius and the three emperors who succeeded him. Most of ... |
5726adf95951b619008f7a0d | Who resided at the School of Salerno in Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum? | Benedictine monks | [
"Nutrition\n\nOne mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years. Galen was physician to gladiators in Pergamon, and in Rome, physician to Marcus Aurelius and the three emperors who succeeded him. Most of ... |
5726adf95951b619008f7a0e | What did Galen believe that pneuma was? | the source of life | [
"Nutrition\n\nOne mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years. Galen was physician to gladiators in Pergamon, and in Rome, physician to Marcus Aurelius and the three emperors who succeeded him. Most of ... |
5726adf95951b619008f7a0f | What did each pair of attributes supposedly consist of? | four humours | [
"Nutrition\n\nOne mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years. Galen was physician to gladiators in Pergamon, and in Rome, physician to Marcus Aurelius and the three emperors who succeeded him. Most of ... |
5726aefadd62a815002e8cec | Who criticized Galen in the 1500s? | Paracelsus | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the 1500s, Paracelsus was probably the first to criticize Galen publicly. Also in the 16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism to a burning candle. Leonardo did not publish his works on this subject, but he was not afraid of thinking for himself and he definitely dis... |
5726aefadd62a815002e8ced | What was a burning candle comparable to? | metabolism | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the 1500s, Paracelsus was probably the first to criticize Galen publicly. Also in the 16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism to a burning candle. Leonardo did not publish his works on this subject, but he was not afraid of thinking for himself and he definitely dis... |
5726aefadd62a815002e8cee | Which famous artist did not agree with Galen's theories? | Leonardo da Vinci | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the 1500s, Paracelsus was probably the first to criticize Galen publicly. Also in the 16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism to a burning candle. Leonardo did not publish his works on this subject, but he was not afraid of thinking for himself and he definitely dis... |
5726aefadd62a815002e8cef | Which well known gas did Jan Baptist van Helmont discover? | carbon dioxide | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the 1500s, Paracelsus was probably the first to criticize Galen publicly. Also in the 16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism to a burning candle. Leonardo did not publish his works on this subject, but he was not afraid of thinking for himself and he definitely dis... |
5726aefadd62a815002e8cf0 | Which scientist was able to create a model for the digestive process? | Herman Boerhaave | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the 1500s, Paracelsus was probably the first to criticize Galen publicly. Also in the 16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism to a burning candle. Leonardo did not publish his works on this subject, but he was not afraid of thinking for himself and he definitely dis... |
5726b2725951b619008f7add | When was the first nutrition experiment performed? | 1747 | [
"Nutrition\n\nSometimes overlooked during his life, James Lind, a physician in the British navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment in 1747. Lind discovered that lime juice saved sailors that had been at sea for years from scurvy, a deadly and painful bleeding disorder. Between 1500 and 1800, an es... |
5726b2725951b619008f7ade | What was the name of the overlooked physician that served in the British Navy? | James Lind | [
"Nutrition\n\nSometimes overlooked during his life, James Lind, a physician in the British navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment in 1747. Lind discovered that lime juice saved sailors that had been at sea for years from scurvy, a deadly and painful bleeding disorder. Between 1500 and 1800, an es... |
5726b2725951b619008f7adf | The juice of which fruit was determined to have helped sailors from contracting scurvy? | lime | [
"Nutrition\n\nSometimes overlooked during his life, James Lind, a physician in the British navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment in 1747. Lind discovered that lime juice saved sailors that had been at sea for years from scurvy, a deadly and painful bleeding disorder. Between 1500 and 1800, an es... |
5726b2725951b619008f7ae0 | How many sailors died from scurvy between the years 1500 and 1800? | two million | [
"Nutrition\n\nSometimes overlooked during his life, James Lind, a physician in the British navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment in 1747. Lind discovered that lime juice saved sailors that had been at sea for years from scurvy, a deadly and painful bleeding disorder. Between 1500 and 1800, an es... |
5726b2725951b619008f7ae1 | Which nickname was given to the British sailors? | limeys | [
"Nutrition\n\nSometimes overlooked during his life, James Lind, a physician in the British navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment in 1747. Lind discovered that lime juice saved sailors that had been at sea for years from scurvy, a deadly and painful bleeding disorder. Between 1500 and 1800, an es... |
5726b33af1498d1400e8e7ee | Which dietary component was not fed to dogs resulting in their death? | protein | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1816, François Magendie discovered that dogs fed only carbohydrates (sugar), fat (olive oil), and water died evidently of starvation, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential dietary component. William Prout in 1827 was the first person to divide foods into carbohydra... |
5726b33af1498d1400e8e7ef | Who first began dividing foods into categories? | William Prout | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1816, François Magendie discovered that dogs fed only carbohydrates (sugar), fat (olive oil), and water died evidently of starvation, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential dietary component. William Prout in 1827 was the first person to divide foods into carbohydra... |
5726b33af1498d1400e8e7f0 | Who did Justus von Liebig argue with over the belief that animals get protein from plants? | Jean-Baptiste Dumas | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1816, François Magendie discovered that dogs fed only carbohydrates (sugar), fat (olive oil), and water died evidently of starvation, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential dietary component. William Prout in 1827 was the first person to divide foods into carbohydra... |
5726b33af1498d1400e8e7f1 | Which credientials did Liebig lack despite being a leading organic chemist? | animal physiology | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1816, François Magendie discovered that dogs fed only carbohydrates (sugar), fat (olive oil), and water died evidently of starvation, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential dietary component. William Prout in 1827 was the first person to divide foods into carbohydra... |
5726b33af1498d1400e8e7f2 | What can be synthesized using carbohydrates and proteins? | body fat | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1816, François Magendie discovered that dogs fed only carbohydrates (sugar), fat (olive oil), and water died evidently of starvation, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential dietary component. William Prout in 1827 was the first person to divide foods into carbohydra... |
5726b410708984140094ce4b | What was the main component of Japanese sailor's diet? | white rice | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding various types of vegetables... |
5726b410708984140094ce4c | What is the scientific term for beriberi? | endemic neuritis | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding various types of vegetables... |
5726b410708984140094ce4d | What major symptom other than heart problems did beriberi cause? | paralysis | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding various types of vegetables... |
5726b410708984140094ce4e | Who made the observation that the Japanese sailor's diet was the cause for them developing beriberi? | Kanehiro Takaki | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding various types of vegetables... |
5726b410708984140094ce4f | What was introduced to the diet on a molecular level that prevented the sailors from contracting the disease? | thiamine | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding various types of vegetables... |
5726b4a9f1498d1400e8e828 | What element can be found in thyroid glands? | iodine | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1896, Eugen Baumann observed iodine in thyroid glands. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, who also suffered from beriberi. Eijkman observed that chickens fed the native diet of white rice developed the symptoms of beriberi but remained healthy when fed unprocessed brown rice w... |
5726b4a9f1498d1400e8e829 | What group of natives suffered from beriberi? | Java | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1896, Eugen Baumann observed iodine in thyroid glands. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, who also suffered from beriberi. Eijkman observed that chickens fed the native diet of white rice developed the symptoms of beriberi but remained healthy when fed unprocessed brown rice w... |
5726b4a9f1498d1400e8e82a | Who worked with the natives to help solve their dietary issues? | Christiaan Eijkman | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1896, Eugen Baumann observed iodine in thyroid glands. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, who also suffered from beriberi. Eijkman observed that chickens fed the native diet of white rice developed the symptoms of beriberi but remained healthy when fed unprocessed brown rice w... |
5726b4a9f1498d1400e8e82b | What simple alternative food prevented the development of beriberi in chickens? | unprocessed brown rice with the outer bran intact | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1896, Eugen Baumann observed iodine in thyroid glands. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, who also suffered from beriberi. Eijkman observed that chickens fed the native diet of white rice developed the symptoms of beriberi but remained healthy when fed unprocessed brown rice w... |
5726b4a9f1498d1400e8e82c | How long after the natives were cured did it take for people to figure out the reason that brown rice cured them? | two decades | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1896, Eugen Baumann observed iodine in thyroid glands. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, who also suffered from beriberi. Eijkman observed that chickens fed the native diet of white rice developed the symptoms of beriberi but remained healthy when fed unprocessed brown rice w... |
5726b672dd62a815002e8daa | What was measured in the early 20th century? | caloric energy expenditure | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 20th century, Carl von Voit and Max Rubner independently measured caloric energy expenditure in different species of animals, applying principles of physics in nutrition. In 1906, Edith G. Willcock and Frederick Hopkins showed that the amino acid tryptophan aids the well-being of mice but... |
5726b672dd62a815002e8dab | What did Carl von Voit and Max Rubner apply to nutrition in order to receive their results? | principles of physics | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 20th century, Carl von Voit and Max Rubner independently measured caloric energy expenditure in different species of animals, applying principles of physics in nutrition. In 1906, Edith G. Willcock and Frederick Hopkins showed that the amino acid tryptophan aids the well-being of mice but... |
5726b672dd62a815002e8dac | Which amino acid can assist with the well - being of mice but not necessarily their growth? | tryptophan | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 20th century, Carl von Voit and Max Rubner independently measured caloric energy expenditure in different species of animals, applying principles of physics in nutrition. In 1906, Edith G. Willcock and Frederick Hopkins showed that the amino acid tryptophan aids the well-being of mice but... |
5726b672dd62a815002e8dad | What did Hopkins believe was required other than calories, protein and minerals to help prevent deficiency diseases? | unsuspected dietetic factors | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 20th century, Carl von Voit and Max Rubner independently measured caloric energy expenditure in different species of animals, applying principles of physics in nutrition. In 1906, Edith G. Willcock and Frederick Hopkins showed that the amino acid tryptophan aids the well-being of mice but... |
5726b672dd62a815002e8dae | Which experiment related to diet was conducted that required four years to complete? | single-grain experiment | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn the early 20th century, Carl von Voit and Max Rubner independently measured caloric energy expenditure in different species of animals, applying principles of physics in nutrition. In 1906, Edith G. Willcock and Frederick Hopkins showed that the amino acid tryptophan aids the well-being of mice but... |
5726b763708984140094ced3 | What was notable about the discovered vitamin A? | fat-soluble | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1913, Elmer McCollum discovered the first vitamins, fat-soluble vitamin A, and water-soluble vitamin B (in 1915; now known to be a complex of several water-soluble vitamins) and named vitamin C as the then-unknown substance preventing scurvy. Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne also performed pione... |
5726b763708984140094ced4 | Which property was vitamin B found to have? | water-soluble | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1913, Elmer McCollum discovered the first vitamins, fat-soluble vitamin A, and water-soluble vitamin B (in 1915; now known to be a complex of several water-soluble vitamins) and named vitamin C as the then-unknown substance preventing scurvy. Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne also performed pione... |
5726b763708984140094ced5 | Which disease was vitamin C claimed to help prevent? | scurvy | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1913, Elmer McCollum discovered the first vitamins, fat-soluble vitamin A, and water-soluble vitamin B (in 1915; now known to be a complex of several water-soluble vitamins) and named vitamin C as the then-unknown substance preventing scurvy. Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne also performed pione... |
5726b763708984140094ced6 | What was cod liver oil able to help cure in dogs? | rickets | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1913, Elmer McCollum discovered the first vitamins, fat-soluble vitamin A, and water-soluble vitamin B (in 1915; now known to be a complex of several water-soluble vitamins) and named vitamin C as the then-unknown substance preventing scurvy. Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne also performed pione... |
5726b763708984140094ced7 | What was referred to as "food factor X"? | vitamin E | [
"Nutrition\n\nIn 1913, Elmer McCollum discovered the first vitamins, fat-soluble vitamin A, and water-soluble vitamin B (in 1915; now known to be a complex of several water-soluble vitamins) and named vitamin C as the then-unknown substance preventing scurvy. Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne also performed pione... |
5726b8785951b619008f7bc9 | Who claims that the list of nutrients that humans require is incomplete? | Marion Nestle | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe list of nutrients that people are known to require is, in the words of Marion Nestle, \"almost certainly incomplete\". As of 2014, nutrients are thought to be of two types: macro-nutrients which are needed in relatively large amounts, and micronutrients which are needed in smaller quantities. A ty... |
5726b8785951b619008f7bca | What is the other category of nutrients that people require other than micronutrients? | macro-nutrients | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe list of nutrients that people are known to require is, in the words of Marion Nestle, \"almost certainly incomplete\". As of 2014, nutrients are thought to be of two types: macro-nutrients which are needed in relatively large amounts, and micronutrients which are needed in smaller quantities. A ty... |
5726b8785951b619008f7bcb | What is notable about cellulose in humans? | non-digestible | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe list of nutrients that people are known to require is, in the words of Marion Nestle, \"almost certainly incomplete\". As of 2014, nutrients are thought to be of two types: macro-nutrients which are needed in relatively large amounts, and micronutrients which are needed in smaller quantities. A ty... |
5726b8785951b619008f7bcc | What else, other than antioxidants, helps protect body systems? | phytochemicals | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe list of nutrients that people are known to require is, in the words of Marion Nestle, \"almost certainly incomplete\". As of 2014, nutrients are thought to be of two types: macro-nutrients which are needed in relatively large amounts, and micronutrients which are needed in smaller quantities. A ty... |
5726b8785951b619008f7bcd | In which year were nutrients categorized into their two respective categories? | 2014 | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe list of nutrients that people are known to require is, in the words of Marion Nestle, \"almost certainly incomplete\". As of 2014, nutrients are thought to be of two types: macro-nutrients which are needed in relatively large amounts, and micronutrients which are needed in smaller quantities. A ty... |
5726b9d05951b619008f7be7 | Which category is represented by carbohydrates and fats among other nutrients? | macronutrients | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe macronutrients are carbohydrates, fats, protein, and water. The macronutrients (excluding fiber and water) provide structural material (amino acids from which proteins are built, and lipids from which cell membranes and some signaling molecules are built) and energy. Some of the structural materia... |
5726b9d05951b619008f7be8 | What other significant aspect do macronutrients provide other than energy? | structural material | [
"Nutrition\n\nThe macronutrients are carbohydrates, fats, protein, and water. The macronutrients (excluding fiber and water) provide structural material (amino acids from which proteins are built, and lipids from which cell membranes and some signaling molecules are built) and energy. Some of the structural materia... |
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