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56d1ee4ae7d4791d00902592 | If bodhi is attained what do you become? | a buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nTherefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry t... |
56d1ee4ae7d4791d00902593 | In theravada buddhism, bodhi and what term have the same meaning? | nirvana | [
"Buddhism\n\nTherefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry t... |
56d1eeece7d4791d00902597 | What term is used for the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at death? | parinirvana | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe term parinirvana is also encountered in Buddhism, and this generally refers to the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at the moment of death, when the physical body expires."
] |
56d1ef6ae7d4791d00902599 | Who is a fully awakened being who has purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion, and ignorance? | a Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to Buddhist traditions a Buddha is a fully awakened being who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance. A Buddha is no longer bound by Samsara and has ended the suffering which unawakened people experience in life."
] |
56d1ef6ae7d4791d0090259a | A Buddha is no longer bound by what? | Samsara | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to Buddhist traditions a Buddha is a fully awakened being who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance. A Buddha is no longer bound by Samsara and has ended the suffering which unawakened people experience in life."
] |
56d1ef6ae7d4791d0090259b | What do unawakend people experience? | suffering | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to Buddhist traditions a Buddha is a fully awakened being who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance. A Buddha is no longer bound by Samsara and has ended the suffering which unawakened people experience in life."
] |
56d1f064e7d4791d0090259f | How many Buddhas are considered to have existed in the Pali Canon? | 28 | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists do not consider Siddhartha Gautama to have been the only Buddha. The Pali Canon refers to many previous ones (see List of the 28 Buddhas), while the Mahayana tradition additionally has many Buddhas of celestial, rather than historical, origin (see Amitabha or Vairocana as examples, for lists ... |
56d1f064e7d4791d009025a0 | A Theravada and Mahayana belief is that the next Buddha will be one named what? | Maitreya | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists do not consider Siddhartha Gautama to have been the only Buddha. The Pali Canon refers to many previous ones (see List of the 28 Buddhas), while the Mahayana tradition additionally has many Buddhas of celestial, rather than historical, origin (see Amitabha or Vairocana as examples, for lists ... |
56d1f064e7d4791d009025a1 | Mahayana has many Buddhas of what origin? | celestial | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists do not consider Siddhartha Gautama to have been the only Buddha. The Pali Canon refers to many previous ones (see List of the 28 Buddhas), while the Mahayana tradition additionally has many Buddhas of celestial, rather than historical, origin (see Amitabha or Vairocana as examples, for lists ... |
56d1f14be7d4791d009025a5 | A person can awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" by acknowledging the true nature of what? | reality | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn Theravada doctrine, a person may awaken from the \"sleep of ignorance\" by directly realizing the true nature of reality; such people are called arahants and occasionally buddhas. After numerous lifetimes of spiritual striving, they have reached the end of the cycle of rebirth, no longer reincarnati... |
56d1f14be7d4791d009025a6 | At the end of the cycle of rebirth a person is called what? | arahants | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn Theravada doctrine, a person may awaken from the \"sleep of ignorance\" by directly realizing the true nature of reality; such people are called arahants and occasionally buddhas. After numerous lifetimes of spiritual striving, they have reached the end of the cycle of rebirth, no longer reincarnati... |
56d1f214e7d4791d009025ab | Nirvana and what term carry the same meaning? | Bodhi | [
"Buddhism\n\nBodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning, that of being freed from craving, hate, and delusion. In attaining bodhi, the arahant has overcome these obstacles. As a further distinction, the extinction of only hatred and greed (in the sensory context) with some residue of delusion, is called anagami."
] |
56d1f214e7d4791d009025ac | What is the term for extinction of only hatred and greed, with residue of delusion? | anagami | [
"Buddhism\n\nBodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning, that of being freed from craving, hate, and delusion. In attaining bodhi, the arahant has overcome these obstacles. As a further distinction, the extinction of only hatred and greed (in the sensory context) with some residue of delusion, is called anagami."
] |
56d1f2b4e7d4791d009025af | In the Mahayana, who is thought to be an omnipresent being? | Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the Mahayana, the Buddha tends not to be viewed as merely human, but as the earthly projection of a beginningless and endless, omnipresent being (see Dharmakaya) beyond the range and reach of thought. Moreover, in certain Mahayana sutras, the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are viewed essentially as One: ... |
56d1f2b4e7d4791d009025b0 | Who is thought to be beyond the range and reach of thought? | Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the Mahayana, the Buddha tends not to be viewed as merely human, but as the earthly projection of a beginningless and endless, omnipresent being (see Dharmakaya) beyond the range and reach of thought. Moreover, in certain Mahayana sutras, the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are viewed essentially as One: ... |
56d1f2b4e7d4791d009025b1 | In what sutras are the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha viewed as One? | Mahayana | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the Mahayana, the Buddha tends not to be viewed as merely human, but as the earthly projection of a beginningless and endless, omnipresent being (see Dharmakaya) beyond the range and reach of thought. Moreover, in certain Mahayana sutras, the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are viewed essentially as One: ... |
56d1f365e7d4791d009025b5 | Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, as he is living in other planes of what? | existence | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer \"new truths\" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattva... |
56d1f365e7d4791d009025b6 | Who is permitted to offer "new truths" based on Buddhas input? | monks | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer \"new truths\" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattva... |
56d1f365e7d4791d009025b7 | What is the term for the idea of ultimately nothing has existance? | śūnyatā | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer \"new truths\" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattva... |
56d1f365e7d4791d009025b8 | Who are enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn? | bodhisattvas | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer \"new truths\" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattva... |
56d1f453e7d4791d009025bd | What is characterized by the deep truts in the "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha | Pure Land | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe method of self-exertion or \"self-power\"—without reliance on an external force or being—stands in contrast to another major form of Buddhism, Pure Land, which is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific \"other-power\" of Amitabha Buddha. Pure Land Buddhism is a very widespread and perhaps th... |
56d1f453e7d4791d009025be | What is perhaps the most faith-oriented for of Buddhism? | Pure Land | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe method of self-exertion or \"self-power\"—without reliance on an external force or being—stands in contrast to another major form of Buddhism, Pure Land, which is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific \"other-power\" of Amitabha Buddha. Pure Land Buddhism is a very widespread and perhaps th... |
56d1f453e7d4791d009025bf | What Buddha vowed to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering? | Amitabha | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe method of self-exertion or \"self-power\"—without reliance on an external force or being—stands in contrast to another major form of Buddhism, Pure Land, which is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific \"other-power\" of Amitabha Buddha. Pure Land Buddhism is a very widespread and perhaps th... |
56d1f5e8e7d4791d009025c3 | Who is believed to have achieved enlightenment first? | Gautama Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists believe Gautama Buddha was the first to achieve enlightenment in this Buddha era and is therefore credited with the establishment of Buddhism. A Buddha era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha. This Buddha era will end ... |
56d1f5e8e7d4791d009025c4 | What is the term for the stretch of history during which people rmember and practice the teachings of the earliest known buddha? | A Buddha era | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists believe Gautama Buddha was the first to achieve enlightenment in this Buddha era and is therefore credited with the establishment of Buddhism. A Buddha era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha. This Buddha era will end ... |
56d1f5e8e7d4791d009025c5 | Who is the Buddha of this Buddha era? | Gautama Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists believe Gautama Buddha was the first to achieve enlightenment in this Buddha era and is therefore credited with the establishment of Buddhism. A Buddha era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha. This Buddha era will end ... |
56d1f5e8e7d4791d009025c6 | Who taught directly or indirectly to all other Buddhas? | Gautama Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhists believe Gautama Buddha was the first to achieve enlightenment in this Buddha era and is therefore credited with the establishment of Buddhism. A Buddha era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha. This Buddha era will end ... |
56d1f685e7d4791d009025cb | Who believes there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes? | Mahayana Buddhists | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn addition, Mahayana Buddhists believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes. A Theravada commentary says that Buddhas arise one at a time in this world element, and not at all in others. The understandings of this matter reflect widely differing interpretations of basic terms, such a... |
56d1f685e7d4791d009025cc | What buddhist belief says that Buddhas come one at a time and not within other eras? | Theravada | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn addition, Mahayana Buddhists believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes. A Theravada commentary says that Buddhas arise one at a time in this world element, and not at all in others. The understandings of this matter reflect widely differing interpretations of basic terms, such a... |
56d1f878e7d4791d009025cf | What form of Buddhism has declined to the point where few are capable of following the path? | Pure Land | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe idea of the decline and gradual disappearance of the teaching has been influential in East Asian Buddhism. Pure Land Buddhism holds that it has declined to the point where few are capable of following the path, so it may be best to rely on the power of Amitābha."
] |
56d1fc6ae7d4791d009025d1 | What does Bodhisattva mean? | enlightenment being | [
"Buddhism\n\nBodhisattva means \"enlightenment being\", and generally refers to one who is on the path to buddhahood. Traditionally, a bodhisattva is anyone who, motivated by great compassion, has generated bodhicitta, which is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. Theravad... |
56d1fc6ae7d4791d009025d2 | What is the term for the spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all beings? | bodhicitta | [
"Buddhism\n\nBodhisattva means \"enlightenment being\", and generally refers to one who is on the path to buddhahood. Traditionally, a bodhisattva is anyone who, motivated by great compassion, has generated bodhicitta, which is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. Theravad... |
56d1fd7ee7d4791d009025d6 | What term means "great vehicle"? | Mahayana | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to Jan Nattier, the term Mahāyāna \"Great Vehicle\" was originally even an honorary synonym for Bodhisattvayāna \"Bodhisattva Vehicle.\" The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, an early and important Mahayana text, contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva: \"Because he ... |
56d1fd7ee7d4791d009025d7 | What is an honorary synonym for Bodhisattvayana? | Mahayana | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to Jan Nattier, the term Mahāyāna \"Great Vehicle\" was originally even an honorary synonym for Bodhisattvayāna \"Bodhisattva Vehicle.\" The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, an early and important Mahayana text, contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva: \"Because he ... |
56d1fd7ee7d4791d009025d8 | The Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita Sutra is an important text of what type? | Mahayana | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to Jan Nattier, the term Mahāyāna \"Great Vehicle\" was originally even an honorary synonym for Bodhisattvayāna \"Bodhisattva Vehicle.\" The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, an early and important Mahayana text, contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva: \"Because he ... |
56d1fe20e7d4791d009025dc | What buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas? | Mahayana | [
"Buddhism\n\nMahayana Buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas and to take the bodhisattva vow, where the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six pāramitās. According to Mahayana teachings, these perfections are: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, ... |
56d1fe20e7d4791d009025dd | What is the idea there the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six paramitas? | bodhisattva vow | [
"Buddhism\n\nMahayana Buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas and to take the bodhisattva vow, where the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six pāramitās. According to Mahayana teachings, these perfections are: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, ... |
56d1fe20e7d4791d009025de | What are the six perfections under Mahayana teachings? | dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā | [
"Buddhism\n\nMahayana Buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas and to take the bodhisattva vow, where the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six pāramitās. According to Mahayana teachings, these perfections are: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, ... |
56d20c26e7d4791d0090262c | Which Dalai Lama cites Shantideva's famous saying? | the 14th Dalai Lama | [
"Buddhism\n\nA famous saying by the 8th-century Indian Buddhist scholar-saint Shantideva, which the 14th Dalai Lama often cites as his favourite verse, summarizes the Bodhisattva's intention (Bodhicitta) as follows: \"For as long as space endures, and for as long as living beings remain, until then may I too abide ... |
56d20c93e7d4791d0090262f | Devotion is an important part of the practice of most what? | Buddhists | [
"Buddhism\n\nDevotion is an important part of the practice of most Buddhists. Devotional practices include bowing, offerings, pilgrimage, and chanting. In Pure Land Buddhism, devotion to the Buddha Amitabha is the main practice. In Nichiren Buddhism, devotion to the Lotus Sutra is the main practice."
] |
56d20c93e7d4791d00902630 | What are the devotional practices? | bowing, offerings, pilgrimage, and chanting | [
"Buddhism\n\nDevotion is an important part of the practice of most Buddhists. Devotional practices include bowing, offerings, pilgrimage, and chanting. In Pure Land Buddhism, devotion to the Buddha Amitabha is the main practice. In Nichiren Buddhism, devotion to the Lotus Sutra is the main practice."
] |
56d20db9e7d4791d00902635 | Buddhism traditionally incorporates states of what type of absorption? | meditative | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhism traditionally incorporates states of meditative absorption (Pali: jhāna; Skt: dhyāna). The most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of the Buddha. One key innovative teaching of the Buddha was that meditative absorption must be combined with liberating cog... |
56d20db9e7d4791d00902636 | The most acient yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of who? | the Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhism traditionally incorporates states of meditative absorption (Pali: jhāna; Skt: dhyāna). The most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of the Buddha. One key innovative teaching of the Buddha was that meditative absorption must be combined with liberating cog... |
56d20db9e7d4791d00902637 | The difference between the Buddha's teaching and the yoga presented in what what type of texts is significant? | Brahminic | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhism traditionally incorporates states of meditative absorption (Pali: jhāna; Skt: dhyāna). The most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of the Buddha. One key innovative teaching of the Buddha was that meditative absorption must be combined with liberating cog... |
56d20db9e7d4791d00902638 | According to the Buddha event he highest meditative state is not what? | liberating | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhism traditionally incorporates states of meditative absorption (Pali: jhāna; Skt: dhyāna). The most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of the Buddha. One key innovative teaching of the Buddha was that meditative absorption must be combined with liberating cog... |
56d2124ce7d4791d0090263d | Meditation was an aspect of the practice of who? | the yogis | [
"Buddhism\n\nMeditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed... |
56d2124ce7d4791d0090263e | In Buddhism, what must be developed at all times? | mindfulness and clear awareness | [
"Buddhism\n\nMeditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed... |
56d21aa5e7d4791d00902643 | Religious knowledge is also known as what? | vision | [
"Buddhism\n\nReligious knowledge or \"vision\" was indicated as a result of practice both within and outside of the Buddhist fold. According to the Samaññaphala Sutta, this sort of vision arose for the Buddhist adept as a result of the perfection of \"meditation\" coupled with the perfection of \"discipline\" (Pali... |
56d21aa5e7d4791d00902644 | What type of techniques were shared with other traditions of his day? | meditative | [
"Buddhism\n\nReligious knowledge or \"vision\" was indicated as a result of practice both within and outside of the Buddhist fold. According to the Samaññaphala Sutta, this sort of vision arose for the Buddhist adept as a result of the perfection of \"meditation\" coupled with the perfection of \"discipline\" (Pali... |
56d21aa5e7d4791d00902645 | There is an idea where ethics are causally related to the attainment of what? | transcendent wisdom | [
"Buddhism\n\nReligious knowledge or \"vision\" was indicated as a result of practice both within and outside of the Buddhist fold. According to the Samaññaphala Sutta, this sort of vision arose for the Buddhist adept as a result of the perfection of \"meditation\" coupled with the perfection of \"discipline\" (Pali... |
56d21b46e7d4791d00902649 | What are probably the earliest texts describing meditation techniques? | Buddhist texts | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddhist texts are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques. They describe meditative practices and states that existed before the Buddha as well as those first developed within Buddhism. Two Upanishads written after the rise of Buddhism do contain full-fledged descriptions of yoga as... |
56d21b46e7d4791d0090264a | What describes meditative states exising before the Buddha? | Buddhist texts | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddhist texts are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques. They describe meditative practices and states that existed before the Buddha as well as those first developed within Buddhism. Two Upanishads written after the rise of Buddhism do contain full-fledged descriptions of yoga as... |
56d21b46e7d4791d0090264b | What two items were written after the rise of Buddhism? | Upanishads | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe Buddhist texts are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques. They describe meditative practices and states that existed before the Buddha as well as those first developed within Buddhism. Two Upanishads written after the rise of Buddhism do contain full-fledged descriptions of yoga as... |
56d21c3ae7d4791d0090264f | In pre-buddhist early Brahminic texts there is no evidence for what? | meditation | [
"Buddhism\n\nWhile there is no convincing evidence for meditation in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts, Wynne argues that formless meditation originated in the Brahminic or Shramanic tradition, based on strong parallels between Upanishadic cosmological statements and the meditative goals of the two teachers of the... |
56d21c3ae7d4791d00902651 | The upanishads statements reflect what type of tradition? | contemplative | [
"Buddhism\n\nWhile there is no convincing evidence for meditation in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts, Wynne argues that formless meditation originated in the Brahminic or Shramanic tradition, based on strong parallels between Upanishadic cosmological statements and the meditative goals of the two teachers of the... |
56d21c3ae7d4791d00902652 | What contains evidence for a contemplative tradition? | Nasadiya Sukta | [
"Buddhism\n\nWhile there is no convincing evidence for meditation in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts, Wynne argues that formless meditation originated in the Brahminic or Shramanic tradition, based on strong parallels between Upanishadic cosmological statements and the meditative goals of the two teachers of the... |
56d21d1fe7d4791d00902657 | What is the first step in a school of Buddhism? | the Three Jewels | [
"Buddhism\n\nTraditionally, the first step in most Buddhist schools requires taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: tri-ratna, Pāli: ti-ratana)[web 19] as the foundation of one's religious practice. The practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children is mentioned in the Majjhima Nikaya, r... |
56d21d1fe7d4791d00902658 | What mentions taking refuge on behalf of young or unborn children? | Majjhima Nikaya | [
"Buddhism\n\nTraditionally, the first step in most Buddhist schools requires taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: tri-ratna, Pāli: ti-ratana)[web 19] as the foundation of one's religious practice. The practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children is mentioned in the Majjhima Nikaya, r... |
56d21d1fe7d4791d00902659 | What type of Buddhism adds a fourth refuge? | Tibetan | [
"Buddhism\n\nTraditionally, the first step in most Buddhist schools requires taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: tri-ratna, Pāli: ti-ratana)[web 19] as the foundation of one's religious practice. The practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children is mentioned in the Majjhima Nikaya, r... |
56d21d1fe7d4791d0090265a | The Three Jewels are preceived as possessed of an eternal and unchanging what? | essence. | [
"Buddhism\n\nTraditionally, the first step in most Buddhist schools requires taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: tri-ratna, Pāli: ti-ratana)[web 19] as the foundation of one's religious practice. The practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children is mentioned in the Majjhima Nikaya, r... |
56d21d1fe7d4791d0090265b | What has an irreversable effect? | The Three Jewels | [
"Buddhism\n\nTraditionally, the first step in most Buddhist schools requires taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: tri-ratna, Pāli: ti-ratana)[web 19] as the foundation of one's religious practice. The practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children is mentioned in the Majjhima Nikaya, r... |
56d21dcce7d4791d00902661 | Who presented himself as a model? | Gautama Buddha | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to the scriptures, Gautama Buddha presented himself as a model. The Dharma offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana. The Sangha is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha and providing fur... |
56d21dcce7d4791d00902662 | What offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering? | Dharma | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to the scriptures, Gautama Buddha presented himself as a model. The Dharma offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana. The Sangha is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha and providing fur... |
56d21dcce7d4791d00902663 | What provides refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha? | Sangha | [
"Buddhism\n\nAccording to the scriptures, Gautama Buddha presented himself as a model. The Dharma offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana. The Sangha is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha and providing fur... |
56d21fd7e7d4791d00902672 | What is an action committed through the body and involves intentional effort? | Śīla | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla (Sanskrit) or sīla (Pāli) is usually translated into English as \"virtuous behavior\", \"morality\", \"moral discipline\", \"ethics\" or \"precept\". It is an action committed through the body, speech, or mind, and involves an intentional effort. It is one of the three practices (sīla, samādhi, an... |
56d21fd7e7d4791d00902673 | Sila is the second what? | pāramitā | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla (Sanskrit) or sīla (Pāli) is usually translated into English as \"virtuous behavior\", \"morality\", \"moral discipline\", \"ethics\" or \"precept\". It is an action committed through the body, speech, or mind, and involves an intentional effort. It is one of the three practices (sīla, samādhi, an... |
56d2207ee7d4791d0090268d | What keeps the cultivator from rebirth in the four realms of existance? | keeping the precepts | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla is the foundation of Samādhi/Bhāvana (Meditative cultivation) or mind cultivation. Keeping the precepts promotes not only the peace of mind of the cultivator, which is internal, but also peace in the community, which is external. According to the Law of Karma, keeping the precepts is meritorious a... |
56d2207ee7d4791d0090268e | What is the foundation of Samadhi/Bhavana? | Śīla | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla is the foundation of Samādhi/Bhāvana (Meditative cultivation) or mind cultivation. Keeping the precepts promotes not only the peace of mind of the cultivator, which is internal, but also peace in the community, which is external. According to the Law of Karma, keeping the precepts is meritorious a... |
56d2207ee7d4791d0090268f | What promotes not only the peace of mind but also peace in the community? | keeping the precepts | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla is the foundation of Samādhi/Bhāvana (Meditative cultivation) or mind cultivation. Keeping the precepts promotes not only the peace of mind of the cultivator, which is internal, but also peace in the community, which is external. According to the Law of Karma, keeping the precepts is meritorious a... |
56d2392cb329da140004ec14 | What does sila refer to? | overall principles of ethical behavior | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla refers to overall principles of ethical behavior. There are several levels of sīla, which correspond to \"basic morality\" (five precepts), \"basic morality with asceticism\" (eight precepts), \"novice monkhood\" (ten precepts) and \"monkhood\" (Vinaya or Patimokkha). Lay people generally undertak... |
56d2392cb329da140004ec15 | Lay people tend to live by the five what? | precepts | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla refers to overall principles of ethical behavior. There are several levels of sīla, which correspond to \"basic morality\" (five precepts), \"basic morality with asceticism\" (eight precepts), \"novice monkhood\" (ten precepts) and \"monkhood\" (Vinaya or Patimokkha). Lay people generally undertak... |
56d2392cb329da140004ec17 | Schools can undertake eight precepts, which add basic what? | asceticism. | [
"Buddhism\n\nŚīla refers to overall principles of ethical behavior. There are several levels of sīla, which correspond to \"basic morality\" (five precepts), \"basic morality with asceticism\" (eight precepts), \"novice monkhood\" (ten precepts) and \"monkhood\" (Vinaya or Patimokkha). Lay people generally undertak... |
56d23abcb329da140004ec26 | Precepts are not created as imperatives, but as what? | training rules | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe precepts are not formulated as imperatives, but as training rules that laypeople undertake voluntarily to facilitate practice. In Buddhist thought, the cultivation of dana and ethical conduct themselves refine consciousness to such a level that rebirth in one of the lower heavens is likely, even if... |
56d23abcb329da140004ec27 | The cultivation of dana and what kind of conduct refine consciousness? | ethical | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe precepts are not formulated as imperatives, but as training rules that laypeople undertake voluntarily to facilitate practice. In Buddhist thought, the cultivation of dana and ethical conduct themselves refine consciousness to such a level that rebirth in one of the lower heavens is likely, even if... |
56d23abcb329da140004ec28 | Even if there is no further Buddhist practice, what heavens is still likely? | lower | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe precepts are not formulated as imperatives, but as training rules that laypeople undertake voluntarily to facilitate practice. In Buddhist thought, the cultivation of dana and ethical conduct themselves refine consciousness to such a level that rebirth in one of the lower heavens is likely, even if... |
56d23b26b329da140004ec2e | Of the eight precepts which one is on sexual misconduct? | third | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the eight precepts, the third precept on sexual misconduct is made more strict, and becomes a precept of celibacy. The three additional precepts are:"
] |
56d23b26b329da140004ec2f | What is the third strict precept on sexual misconduct? | a precept of celibacy | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the eight precepts, the third precept on sexual misconduct is made more strict, and becomes a precept of celibacy. The three additional precepts are:"
] |
56d23c30b329da140004ec3c | How many precepts are on the list? | ten | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe complete list of ten precepts may be observed by laypeople for short periods. For the complete list, the seventh precept is partitioned into two, and a tenth added:"
] |
56d23c30b329da140004ec3e | In the complete list of precepts, which one is partitioned into two? | seventh | [
"Buddhism\n\nThe complete list of ten precepts may be observed by laypeople for short periods. For the complete list, the seventh precept is partitioned into two, and a tenth added:"
] |
56d23cc4b329da140004ec42 | How many basic precepts are there for monastics? | the ten precepts | [
"Buddhism\n\nVinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different s... |
56d23cc4b329da140004ec43 | What is the specific moral code for monks and nuns? | vinaya | [
"Buddhism\n\nVinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different s... |
56d23cc4b329da140004ec44 | How many rules dows the patimokkha have? | 227 | [
"Buddhism\n\nVinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different s... |
56d23cc4b329da140004ec45 | What are the scriptures on vinaya called? | vinayapitaka | [
"Buddhism\n\nVinaya is the specific moral code for monks and nuns. It includes the Patimokkha, a set of 227 rules for monks in the Theravadin recension. The precise content of the vinayapitaka (scriptures on Vinaya) differs slightly according to different schools, and different schools or subschools set different s... |
56d23d72b329da140004ec4c | Regarding the monastic rules, the Buddha reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that what? | counts | [
"Buddhism\n\nRegarding the monastic rules, the Buddha constantly reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that counts. On the other hand, the rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying life, and provide a perfect springboard for the higher attainments. Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as \"... |
56d23d72b329da140004ec4d | The rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying what? | life | [
"Buddhism\n\nRegarding the monastic rules, the Buddha constantly reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that counts. On the other hand, the rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying life, and provide a perfect springboard for the higher attainments. Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as \"... |
56d23d72b329da140004ec4e | The rules are a perfect springboard for what? | higher attainments | [
"Buddhism\n\nRegarding the monastic rules, the Buddha constantly reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that counts. On the other hand, the rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying life, and provide a perfect springboard for the higher attainments. Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as \"... |
56d23d72b329da140004ec4f | Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as what? | islands unto themselves | [
"Buddhism\n\nRegarding the monastic rules, the Buddha constantly reminds his hearers that it is the spirit that counts. On the other hand, the rules themselves are designed to assure a satisfying life, and provide a perfect springboard for the higher attainments. Monastics are instructed by the Buddha to live as \"... |
56d23eaeb329da140004ec54 | Distinctive Vinaya and ethics are contained within what sutra? | Mahayana Brahmajala | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn Eastern Buddhism, there is also a distinctive Vinaya and ethics contained within the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra (not to be confused with the Pali text of that name) for Bodhisattvas, where, for example, the eating of meat is frowned upon and vegetarianism is actively encouraged (see vegetarianism in ... |
56d23eaeb329da140004ec55 | Bodhisattvas are not encouraged to eat what? | meat | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn Eastern Buddhism, there is also a distinctive Vinaya and ethics contained within the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra (not to be confused with the Pali text of that name) for Bodhisattvas, where, for example, the eating of meat is frowned upon and vegetarianism is actively encouraged (see vegetarianism in ... |
56d23eaeb329da140004ec57 | Where is the monastic vinaya displaced and clergy is allowed to marry? | Japan | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn Eastern Buddhism, there is also a distinctive Vinaya and ethics contained within the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra (not to be confused with the Pali text of that name) for Bodhisattvas, where, for example, the eating of meat is frowned upon and vegetarianism is actively encouraged (see vegetarianism in ... |
56d24042b329da140004ec6a | In Chinese Buddhism what meditation is more popular? | Zen | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhist meditation is fundamentally concerned with two themes: transforming the mind and using it to explore itself and other phenomena. According to Theravada Buddhism the Buddha taught two types of meditation, samatha meditation (Sanskrit: śamatha) and vipassanā meditation (Sanskrit: vipaśyanā). In ... |
56d24042b329da140004ec6c | Evidence has shown some lay people got to proficiency in all eight what? | jhānas | [
"Buddhism\n\nBuddhist meditation is fundamentally concerned with two themes: transforming the mind and using it to explore itself and other phenomena. According to Theravada Buddhism the Buddha taught two types of meditation, samatha meditation (Sanskrit: śamatha) and vipassanā meditation (Sanskrit: vipaśyanā). In ... |
56d240dbb329da140004ec76 | What does the word samyaksamadhi mean? | right concentration | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the language of the Noble Eightfold Path, samyaksamādhi is \"right concentration\". The primary means of cultivating samādhi is meditation. Upon development of samādhi, one's mind becomes purified of defilement, calm, tranquil, and luminous."
] |
56d240dbb329da140004ec77 | Meditation is the primary means of cultivating what? | samādhi | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the language of the Noble Eightfold Path, samyaksamādhi is \"right concentration\". The primary means of cultivating samādhi is meditation. Upon development of samādhi, one's mind becomes purified of defilement, calm, tranquil, and luminous."
] |
56d240dbb329da140004ec78 | Upon development of samadhi, a person gets rid of what? | defilement, calm, tranquil, and luminous | [
"Buddhism\n\nIn the language of the Noble Eightfold Path, samyaksamādhi is \"right concentration\". The primary means of cultivating samādhi is meditation. Upon development of samādhi, one's mind becomes purified of defilement, calm, tranquil, and luminous."
] |
56d2415fb329da140004ec7c | What is powerful concentration called? | jhāna | [
"Buddhism\n\nOnce the meditator achieves a strong and powerful concentration (jhāna, Sanskrit ध्यान dhyāna), his mind is ready to penetrate and gain insight (vipassanā) into the ultimate nature of reality, eventually obtaining release from all suffering. The cultivation of mindfulness is essential to mental concent... |
56d2415fb329da140004ec7d | What is the term when the mind is ready to penetrate and gain insight? | vipassanā | [
"Buddhism\n\nOnce the meditator achieves a strong and powerful concentration (jhāna, Sanskrit ध्यान dhyāna), his mind is ready to penetrate and gain insight (vipassanā) into the ultimate nature of reality, eventually obtaining release from all suffering. The cultivation of mindfulness is essential to mental concent... |
56d2415fb329da140004ec7e | Mindfulness is essential to concentration, which is neede to achieve what? | insight | [
"Buddhism\n\nOnce the meditator achieves a strong and powerful concentration (jhāna, Sanskrit ध्यान dhyāna), his mind is ready to penetrate and gain insight (vipassanā) into the ultimate nature of reality, eventually obtaining release from all suffering. The cultivation of mindfulness is essential to mental concent... |
56d24217b329da140004ec8a | Samatha meditation starts from being mindful of an object or what? | idea | [
"Buddhism\n\nSamatha meditation starts from being mindful of an object or idea, which is expanded to one's body, mind and entire surroundings, leading to a state of total concentration and tranquility (jhāna). There are many variations in the style of meditation, from sitting cross-legged or kneeling to chanting or... |
56d24217b329da140004ec8b | What is the term for tranquility? | jhāna | [
"Buddhism\n\nSamatha meditation starts from being mindful of an object or idea, which is expanded to one's body, mind and entire surroundings, leading to a state of total concentration and tranquility (jhāna). There are many variations in the style of meditation, from sitting cross-legged or kneeling to chanting or... |
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