Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
5727a7852ca10214002d92ff	Who was discovered to be selling peerages?	Lloyd George	[ "Political_party\n\nIn the United Kingdom, it has been alleged that peerages have been awarded to contributors to party funds, the benefactors becoming members of the House of Lords and thus being in a position to participate in legislating. Famously, Lloyd George was found to have been selling peerages. To prevent...
5727a7852ca10214002d9300	What act did parliament put into place to stop such corruptions?	Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act	[ "Political_party\n\nIn the United Kingdom, it has been alleged that peerages have been awarded to contributors to party funds, the benefactors becoming members of the House of Lords and thus being in a position to participate in legislating. Famously, Lloyd George was found to have been selling peerages. To prevent...
5727a7852ca10214002d9301	What did the Honours act do?	outright sale of peerages and similar honours became a criminal act	[ "Political_party\n\nIn the United Kingdom, it has been alleged that peerages have been awarded to contributors to party funds, the benefactors becoming members of the House of Lords and thus being in a position to participate in legislating. Famously, Lloyd George was found to have been selling peerages. To prevent...
5727a7852ca10214002d9302	How did people attempt to overcome this law?	cloaking their contributions as loans	[ "Political_party\n\nIn the United Kingdom, it has been alleged that peerages have been awarded to contributors to party funds, the benefactors becoming members of the House of Lords and thus being in a position to participate in legislating. Famously, Lloyd George was found to have been selling peerages. To prevent...
5727ac44ff5b5019007d9244	What are the two categories of public funding?	direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect	[ "Political_party\n\nThere are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample ...
5727ac44ff5b5019007d9245	Which percentage of nations provide no direct or indirect public funding?	25%	[ "Political_party\n\nThere are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample ...
5727ac44ff5b5019007d9246	What percentage of nations provide direct funding?	58%	[ "Political_party\n\nThere are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample ...
5727ac44ff5b5019007d9247	Are parties required to reveal their funding?	required to disclose their finances to the Election management body.	[ "Political_party\n\nThere are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample ...
5727ac44ff5b5019007d9248	What percentage of nations provide indirect funding?	60%	[ "Political_party\n\nThere are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample ...
5727ada7ff5b5019007d9268	What can also be provided by foreign aid?	funding	[ "Political_party\n\nIn fledgling democracies funding can also be provided by foreign aid. International donors provide financing to political parties in developing countries as a means to promote democracy and good governance. Support can be purely financial or otherwise. Frequently it is provided as capacity devel...
5727ada7ff5b5019007d9269	What do international donors do to promote democracy?	provide financing to political parties in developing countries	[ "Political_party\n\nIn fledgling democracies funding can also be provided by foreign aid. International donors provide financing to political parties in developing countries as a means to promote democracy and good governance. Support can be purely financial or otherwise. Frequently it is provided as capacity devel...
5727ada7ff5b5019007d926a	What is another common occurrence of international support for a party?	Developing links between ideologically linked parties	[ "Political_party\n\nIn fledgling democracies funding can also be provided by foreign aid. International donors provide financing to political parties in developing countries as a means to promote democracy and good governance. Support can be purely financial or otherwise. Frequently it is provided as capacity devel...
5727ada7ff5b5019007d926b	What does the overseas development institute want to do?	to increase support to political parties	[ "Political_party\n\nIn fledgling democracies funding can also be provided by foreign aid. International donors provide financing to political parties in developing countries as a means to promote democracy and good governance. Support can be purely financial or otherwise. Frequently it is provided as capacity devel...
5727aec94b864d1900163a54	What parties is the color green for?	Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties	[ "Political_party\n\nGreen is the color for green parties, Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties. Orange is sometimes a color of nationalism, such as in the Netherlands, in Israel with the Orange Camp or with Ulster Loyalists in Northern Ireland; it is also a color of reform such as ...
5727aec94b864d1900163a55	What was purple considered the color for?	royalty	[ "Political_party\n\nGreen is the color for green parties, Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties. Orange is sometimes a color of nationalism, such as in the Netherlands, in Israel with the Orange Camp or with Ulster Loyalists in Northern Ireland; it is also a color of reform such as ...
5727aec94b864d1900163a56	What parties is the color black associated with?	fascist parties	[ "Political_party\n\nGreen is the color for green parties, Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties. Orange is sometimes a color of nationalism, such as in the Netherlands, in Israel with the Orange Camp or with Ulster Loyalists in Northern Ireland; it is also a color of reform such as ...
5727aec94b864d1900163a57	Brown is associated with what parties?	Nazism	[ "Political_party\n\nGreen is the color for green parties, Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties. Orange is sometimes a color of nationalism, such as in the Netherlands, in Israel with the Orange Camp or with Ulster Loyalists in Northern Ireland; it is also a color of reform such as ...
5727aec94b864d1900163a58	What color is orange associated with?	nationalism	[ "Political_party\n\nGreen is the color for green parties, Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties. Orange is sometimes a color of nationalism, such as in the Netherlands, in Israel with the Orange Camp or with Ulster Loyalists in Northern Ireland; it is also a color of reform such as ...
5727af4f3acd2414000de99b	What is the color red associated with?	right-wing Republican Party	[ "Political_party\n\nPolitical color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those col...
5727af4f3acd2414000de99c	What political party is the color blue associated with?	left-wing Democratic Party	[ "Political_party\n\nPolitical color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those col...
5727af4f3acd2414000de99d	Did the political parties choose those colors?	unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those colors	[ "Political_party\n\nPolitical color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those col...
5727af4f3acd2414000de99e	In what year did the occurrence of using different color schemes for the parties stop?	2000	[ "Political_party\n\nPolitical color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those col...
5727affd4b864d1900163a68	When did political parties organize themselves into international organizations?	19th and 20th century	[ "Political_party\n\nDuring the 19th and 20th century, many national political parties organized themselves into international organizations along similar policy lines. Notable examples are The Universal Party, International Workingmen's Association (also called the First International), the Socialist International ...
5727affd4b864d1900163a69	What are some examples of this?	The Universal Party, International Workingmen's Association	[ "Political_party\n\nDuring the 19th and 20th century, many national political parties organized themselves into international organizations along similar policy lines. Notable examples are The Universal Party, International Workingmen's Association (also called the First International), the Socialist International ...
5727affd4b864d1900163a6a	Name an example of an administration that outlaws links between local and foreign political organizations.	Hong Kong	[ "Political_party\n\nDuring the 19th and 20th century, many national political parties organized themselves into international organizations along similar policy lines. Notable examples are The Universal Party, International Workingmen's Association (also called the First International), the Socialist International ...
5727b09f4b864d1900163a6e	Who drew a difference between cadre parties and mass parties?	Maurice Duverger	[ "Political_party\n\nFrench political scientist Maurice Duverger drew a distinction between cadre parties and mass parties. Cadre parties were political elites that were concerned with contesting elections and restricted the influence of outsiders, who were only required to assist in election campaigns. Mass parties...
5727b09f4b864d1900163a6f	What are cadre parties?	political elites that were concerned with contesting elections and restricted the influence of outsiders	[ "Political_party\n\nFrench political scientist Maurice Duverger drew a distinction between cadre parties and mass parties. Cadre parties were political elites that were concerned with contesting elections and restricted the influence of outsiders, who were only required to assist in election campaigns. Mass parties...
5727b09f4b864d1900163a70	What are mass parties?	Mass parties tried to recruit new members who were a source of party income and were often expected to spread party ideology	[ "Political_party\n\nFrench political scientist Maurice Duverger drew a distinction between cadre parties and mass parties. Cadre parties were political elites that were concerned with contesting elections and restricted the influence of outsiders, who were only required to assist in election campaigns. Mass parties...
5727b09f4b864d1900163a71	What is an example of a mass party?	Socialist parties	[ "Political_party\n\nFrench political scientist Maurice Duverger drew a distinction between cadre parties and mass parties. Cadre parties were political elites that were concerned with contesting elections and restricted the influence of outsiders, who were only required to assist in election campaigns. Mass parties...
5727b09f4b864d1900163a72	What type of parties are the two major parties in the United States?	cadre parties	[ "Political_party\n\nFrench political scientist Maurice Duverger drew a distinction between cadre parties and mass parties. Cadre parties were political elites that were concerned with contesting elections and restricted the influence of outsiders, who were only required to assist in election campaigns. Mass parties...
572782eb5951b619008f8bc1	What does A cappella mean in the Italian language?	in the manner of the chapel	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella [a kapˈpɛlla] (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term \"a cappella\" was originally inten...
572782eb5951b619008f8bc2	What is another term occasionally used to refer to A cappella?	alla breve	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella [a kapˈpɛlla] (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term \"a cappella\" was originally inten...
572782eb5951b619008f8bc3	At what point did Renaissance polyphony become popular again?	19th century	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella [a kapˈpɛlla] (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term \"a cappella\" was originally inten...
572782eb5951b619008f8bc4	How is A cappella currently defined?	group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella [a kapˈpɛlla] (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term \"a cappella\" was originally inten...
572782eb5951b619008f8bc5	A cappella was originally used to tell the difference between which two styles?	Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella [a kapˈpɛlla] (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term \"a cappella\" was originally inten...
572784ba708984140094dfd5	What form of music was A cappella predominately used for in its early years?	religious music	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an in...
572784ba708984140094dfd6	What was considered part of A cappella until the Baroque period?	The madrigal	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an in...
572784ba708984140094dfd7	The madrigal became what type of form that prevented it from being accompanied with A cappella?	instrumentally-accompanied	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an in...
572784ba708984140094dfd8	In what era was most of the vocal music considered A cappella?	Renaissance	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an in...
5727876f5951b619008f8c7b	Who was a known composer of A cappella music in the 15th century?	Josquin des Prez	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, although this instrument would merely double the singers' parts and was not independent...
5727876f5951b619008f8c7c	Bach was influenced by a popular A cappella composer heavily for what composition?	Mass in B Minor	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, although this instrument would merely double the singers' parts and was not independent...
5727876f5951b619008f8c7d	How many of Schutz's Easter pieces were in the A cappella style?	three	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, although this instrument would merely double the singers' parts and was not independent...
5727876f5951b619008f8c7e	Lagrime d'amante al sepolcro dell'amata's well known A cappella composition was written in what year?	1610	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, although this instrument would merely double the singers' parts and was not independent...
5727876f5951b619008f8c7f	Some compositions were found after which composer's death?	Andrea Gabrieli	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, although this instrument would merely double the singers' parts and was not independent...
572789a1708984140094e03b	When did Russian musika show up?	khorovïye kontsertï	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn the Byzantine Rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, the music performed in the liturgies is exclusively sung without instrumental accompaniment. Bishop Kallistos Ware says, \"The service is sung, even though there may be no choir... In the Orthodox Church today, as...
572789a1708984140094e03c	khorovïye kontsertï were typically done similar to what pieces?	Venetian-styled	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn the Byzantine Rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, the music performed in the liturgies is exclusively sung without instrumental accompaniment. Bishop Kallistos Ware says, \"The service is sung, even though there may be no choir... In the Orthodox Church today, as...
572789a1708984140094e03d	What bible passage gave rise to certain a cappella attitudes?	Psalms 150	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn the Byzantine Rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, the music performed in the liturgies is exclusively sung without instrumental accompaniment. Bishop Kallistos Ware says, \"The service is sung, even though there may be no choir... In the Orthodox Church today, as...
572789a1708984140094e03e	Who composed a popular Venetian-styled piece in 1675?	Nikolai Diletsky	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn the Byzantine Rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, the music performed in the liturgies is exclusively sung without instrumental accompaniment. Bishop Kallistos Ware says, \"The service is sung, even though there may be no choir... In the Orthodox Church today, as...
57278b02708984140094e061	What is the name of the religious a cappella style used with shape notes?	Sacred Harp	[ "A_cappella\n\nPresent-day Christian religious bodies known for conducting their worship services without musical accompaniment include some Presbyterian churches devoted to the regulative principle of worship, Old Regular Baptists, Primitive Baptists, Plymouth Brethren, Churches of Christ, the Old German Baptist B...
57278b02708984140094e062	A cappella exists in some liturgical churches as an influence from what era?	apostolic times	[ "A_cappella\n\nPresent-day Christian religious bodies known for conducting their worship services without musical accompaniment include some Presbyterian churches devoted to the regulative principle of worship, Old Regular Baptists, Primitive Baptists, Plymouth Brethren, Churches of Christ, the Old German Baptist B...
57278b02708984140094e063	In the modern day, what broad religious group is most known to implement a cappella?	Christian religious bodies	[ "A_cappella\n\nPresent-day Christian religious bodies known for conducting their worship services without musical accompaniment include some Presbyterian churches devoted to the regulative principle of worship, Old Regular Baptists, Primitive Baptists, Plymouth Brethren, Churches of Christ, the Old German Baptist B...
57278c6cdd62a815002ea004	Why were instruments more unwelcome to Christians?	They were considered a Catholic innovation	[ "A_cappella\n\nInstruments have divided Christendom since their introduction into worship. They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther (1483–1546), Ulrich Zwingli, John Ca...
57278c6cdd62a815002ea005	What was the name of the book in which Jeanie Deans is the protagonist?	The Heart of Midlothian	[ "A_cappella\n\nInstruments have divided Christendom since their introduction into worship. They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther (1483–1546), Ulrich Zwingli, John Ca...
57278c6cdd62a815002ea006	Who is quoted for saying instruments in religious services are like "A cow bell in a concert"	Alexander Campbell	[ "A_cappella\n\nInstruments have divided Christendom since their introduction into worship. They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther (1483–1546), Ulrich Zwingli, John Ca...
57278c6cdd62a815002ea007	Who authored The Heart of the Midlothian?	Sir Walter Scott	[ "A_cappella\n\nInstruments have divided Christendom since their introduction into worship. They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther (1483–1546), Ulrich Zwingli, John Ca...
57279bfadd62a815002ea1e6	What does the rejection of instruments in Christian music likely stem from?	an interpretation of history	[ "A_cappella\n\nThose who subscribe to this interpretation believe that since the Christian scriptures never counter instrumental language with any negative judgment on instruments, opposition to instruments instead comes from an interpretation of history. There is no written opposition to musical instruments in any...
57279bfadd62a815002ea1e7	During what time is there no record of Christians using instruments for worship?	33 AD to 180AD	[ "A_cappella\n\nThose who subscribe to this interpretation believe that since the Christian scriptures never counter instrumental language with any negative judgment on instruments, opposition to instruments instead comes from an interpretation of history. There is no written opposition to musical instruments in any...
57279bfadd62a815002ea1e8	At what point did instruments begin to receive condemnation from Christians?	the 2nd century	[ "A_cappella\n\nThose who subscribe to this interpretation believe that since the Christian scriptures never counter instrumental language with any negative judgment on instruments, opposition to instruments instead comes from an interpretation of history. There is no written opposition to musical instruments in any...
57279bfadd62a815002ea1e9	For what reason do modern Christians continue to oppose the use of instruments?	Church Fathers had a better understanding of God's desire for the church	[ "A_cappella\n\nThose who subscribe to this interpretation believe that since the Christian scriptures never counter instrumental language with any negative judgment on instruments, opposition to instruments instead comes from an interpretation of history. There is no written opposition to musical instruments in any...
5727a03f3acd2414000de837	On what day is using musical instruments not allowed?	Sabbath	[ "A_cappella\n\nWhile worship in the Temple in Jerusalem included musical instruments (2 Chronicles 29:25–27), traditional Jewish religious services in the Synagogue, both before and after the last destruction of the Temple, did not include musical instruments given the practice of scriptural cantillation. The use o...
5727a03f3acd2414000de838	In what style do Jewish families typically sing Sabbath songs?	a cappella	[ "A_cappella\n\nWhile worship in the Temple in Jerusalem included musical instruments (2 Chronicles 29:25–27), traditional Jewish religious services in the Synagogue, both before and after the last destruction of the Temple, did not include musical instruments given the practice of scriptural cantillation. The use o...
5727a03f3acd2414000de839	What is a cappella music occasionally called among those of Jewish faith?	sefirah music	[ "A_cappella\n\nWhile worship in the Temple in Jerusalem included musical instruments (2 Chronicles 29:25–27), traditional Jewish religious services in the Synagogue, both before and after the last destruction of the Temple, did not include musical instruments given the practice of scriptural cantillation. The use o...
5727a03f3acd2414000de83a	How many days are counted between Passover and Shavuot?	49	[ "A_cappella\n\nWhile worship in the Temple in Jerusalem included musical instruments (2 Chronicles 29:25–27), traditional Jewish religious services in the Synagogue, both before and after the last destruction of the Temple, did not include musical instruments given the practice of scriptural cantillation. The use o...
5727a03f3acd2414000de83b	What is part of the time between Passover and Shavuot thought to be?	a time of semi-mourning	[ "A_cappella\n\nWhile worship in the Temple in Jerusalem included musical instruments (2 Chronicles 29:25–27), traditional Jewish religious services in the Synagogue, both before and after the last destruction of the Temple, did not include musical instruments given the practice of scriptural cantillation. The use o...
5727a4444b864d190016391a	What is the name of the philosopher who praised music without instruments?	Philo	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that \"silent singing\" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted wit...
5727a4444b864d190016391b	What did Philo's views on the absence of instruments clash with?	Jewish scriptures	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that \"silent singing\" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted wit...
5727a4444b864d190016391c	What is the one instrument still in use today by the synagogue?	shofar	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that \"silent singing\" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted wit...
5727a4444b864d190016391d	The shofar stops being used at the end of what Jewish event?	Yom Kippur	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that \"silent singing\" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted wit...
5727a4444b864d190016391e	How is the shofar used?	by itself, without any vocal accompaniment	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that \"silent singing\" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted wit...
5727a9504b864d19001639cc	When did a cappella begin to take hold in the United States?	1911	[ "A_cappella\n\nA strong and prominent a cappella tradition was begun in the midwest part of the United States in 1911 by F. Melius Christiansen, a music faculty member at St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota. The St. Olaf College Choir was established as an outgrowth of the local St. John's Lutheran Church, wh...
5727a9504b864d19001639cd	What was the name of the choir F. Mellus Christiansen used?	The St. Olaf College Choir	[ "A_cappella\n\nA strong and prominent a cappella tradition was begun in the midwest part of the United States in 1911 by F. Melius Christiansen, a music faculty member at St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota. The St. Olaf College Choir was established as an outgrowth of the local St. John's Lutheran Church, wh...
5727a9504b864d19001639ce	How many singers are typically in the choirs?	40 to 80	[ "A_cappella\n\nA strong and prominent a cappella tradition was begun in the midwest part of the United States in 1911 by F. Melius Christiansen, a music faculty member at St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota. The St. Olaf College Choir was established as an outgrowth of the local St. John's Lutheran Church, wh...
5727a9504b864d19001639cf	Who did the St. Olaf Choir influence?	other regional conductors	[ "A_cappella\n\nA strong and prominent a cappella tradition was begun in the midwest part of the United States in 1911 by F. Melius Christiansen, a music faculty member at St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota. The St. Olaf College Choir was established as an outgrowth of the local St. John's Lutheran Church, wh...
5727ac192ca10214002d9358	What a cappella group rose to popularity in 1943?	The Song Spinners	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with \"Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer\". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced comp...
5727ac192ca10214002d9359	What was boycotted by American musicians in 1943?	US recording studios	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with \"Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer\". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced comp...
5727ac192ca10214002d935a	Who is credited for first introducing elements of Jazz into a cappella?	The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with \"Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer\". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced comp...
5727ac192ca10214002d935b	What number one song was covered by an a cappella group in 1983?	"Only You"	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with \"Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer\". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced comp...
5727ac192ca10214002d935c	During and after the 80's, what helped a cappella music rise in popularity?	the success of Top 40 recordings	[ "A_cappella\n\nIn July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with \"Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer\". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced comp...
5727ae364b864d1900163a1e	In place of instruments, what do some modern a cappella groups implement?	vocal percussion	[ "A_cappella\n\nContemporary a cappella includes many vocal groups and bands who add vocal percussion or beatboxing to create a pop/rock/gospel sound, in some cases very similar to bands with instruments. Examples of such professional groups include Straight No Chaser, Pentatonix, The House Jacks, Rockapella, Mosaic...
5727ae364b864d1900163a1f	Where does a cappella still maintain a heavy presence?	Christian music	[ "A_cappella\n\nContemporary a cappella includes many vocal groups and bands who add vocal percussion or beatboxing to create a pop/rock/gospel sound, in some cases very similar to bands with instruments. Examples of such professional groups include Straight No Chaser, Pentatonix, The House Jacks, Rockapella, Mosaic...
5727ae364b864d1900163a20	In a cappella, what do the voices not contributing lead vocals or a bass line contribute?	chordal or polyphonic accompaniment	[ "A_cappella\n\nContemporary a cappella includes many vocal groups and bands who add vocal percussion or beatboxing to create a pop/rock/gospel sound, in some cases very similar to bands with instruments. Examples of such professional groups include Straight No Chaser, Pentatonix, The House Jacks, Rockapella, Mosaic...
5727af6c3acd2414000de9a3	How many works of a cappella in musical theater have been successful in Off-Broadway productions?	four	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times. The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances. It was produced by ...
5727af6c3acd2414000de9a4	What was the name of the a cappella musical that first opened 28 January 1994?	Avenue X	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times. The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances. It was produced by ...
5727af6c3acd2414000de9a5	What time period was Avenue X set in?	the 1960s	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times. The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances. It was produced by ...
5727af6c3acd2414000de9a6	What was the final number of performances in Avenue X's original run?	77	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times. The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances. It was produced by ...
5727af6c3acd2414000de9a7	Who was responsible for the lyrics of Avenue X?	Ray Leslee	[ "A_cappella\n\nA cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times. The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances. It was produced by ...
5727b0c94b864d1900163a78	What Off-Broadway theater did Perfect Harmony open at?	Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in S...
5727b0c94b864d1900163a79	Before coming to New York, at what theater had Perfect Harmony previously been successful?	Stoneham Theatre	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in S...
5727b0c94b864d1900163a7a	Perfect Harmony has been called a combination of which two musicals?	Altar Boyz and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee.	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in S...
5727b0c94b864d1900163a7b	In what month was Perfect Harmony's Off-Brodway debut?	October	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in S...
5727b0c94b864d1900163a7c	What genre best describes Perfect Harmony?	comedy	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in S...
5727b2003acd2414000de9f7	What is the name of the a cappella musical that debuted Off-Broadway in the same year as Perfect Harmony?	In Transit	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features...
5727b2003acd2414000de9f8	Where does most of In Transit take place?	the New York City subway system	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features...
5727b2003acd2414000de9f9	What a cappella vocal style is implemented in many of In Transit's songs?	beat boxing	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features...
5727b2003acd2414000de9fa	How many Lucille Lortel Awards was In Transit nominated for?	four	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features...
5727b2003acd2414000de9fb	What is the name of the actor who played the subway beat boxer?	Chesney Snow	[ "A_cappella\n\nThe fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features...
5727b6c44b864d1900163b1a	What type of a cappella music is specific to American culture?	Barbershop music	[ "A_cappella\n\nBarbershop music is one of several uniquely American art forms. The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans. The earliest documented quartets all began in barbershops. In 1938, the first formal men's barbershop organization was formed, known as the Society for th...
5727b6c44b864d1900163b1b	What did the a cappella organization founded in 1938 change its name to in 2004?	Barbershop Harmony Society	[ "A_cappella\n\nBarbershop music is one of several uniquely American art forms. The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans. The earliest documented quartets all began in barbershops. In 1938, the first formal men's barbershop organization was formed, known as the Society for th...
5727b6c44b864d1900163b1c	How many people currently have membership to the BHS?	over 22,000	[ "A_cappella\n\nBarbershop music is one of several uniquely American art forms. The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans. The earliest documented quartets all began in barbershops. In 1938, the first formal men's barbershop organization was formed, known as the Society for th...
5727b6c44b864d1900163b1d	What racial group was primarily involved in babershop a cappella in its earliest days?	African Americans	[ "A_cappella\n\nBarbershop music is one of several uniquely American art forms. The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans. The earliest documented quartets all began in barbershops. In 1938, the first formal men's barbershop organization was formed, known as the Society for th...

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