Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

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57298eb13f37b3190047848f	What other architecture style did neoclassical share similarities and vocabulary?	Late Baroque architecture	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nHigh neoclassicism was an international movement. Though neoclassical architecture employed the same classical vocabulary as Late Baroque architecture, it tended to emphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes. Projections and recessions and their effects of light and...
57298eb13f37b31900478490	What qualities were more emphasized in neoclassical versus Baroque?	planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nHigh neoclassicism was an international movement. Though neoclassical architecture employed the same classical vocabulary as Late Baroque architecture, it tended to emphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes. Projections and recessions and their effects of light and...
57298eb13f37b31900478491	In addition to being flatter, how were individual features handled with neoclasic?	isolated rather than interpenetrating	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nHigh neoclassicism was an international movement. Though neoclassical architecture employed the same classical vocabulary as Late Baroque architecture, it tended to emphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes. Projections and recessions and their effects of light and...
57298eb13f37b31900478492	How broad was the reach of high neoclassicism?	international movement	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nHigh neoclassicism was an international movement. Though neoclassical architecture employed the same classical vocabulary as Late Baroque architecture, it tended to emphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes. Projections and recessions and their effects of light and...
57298fe16aef051400154fd4	What ancient civilization utilized neoclassicism in city planning?	ancient Romans	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassicism also influenced city planning; the ancient Romans had used a consolidated scheme for city planning for both defence and civil convenience, however, the roots of this scheme go back to even older civilizations. At its most basic, the grid system of streets, a central forum...
57298fe16aef051400154fd5	What basic civil planning system for streets is rooted in neoclassicism?	grid system	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassicism also influenced city planning; the ancient Romans had used a consolidated scheme for city planning for both defence and civil convenience, however, the roots of this scheme go back to even older civilizations. At its most basic, the grid system of streets, a central forum...
57298fe16aef051400154fd6	What are 2 benefits of leveraging neoclassicism for civil planning?	very logical and orderly	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassicism also influenced city planning; the ancient Romans had used a consolidated scheme for city planning for both defence and civil convenience, however, the roots of this scheme go back to even older civilizations. At its most basic, the grid system of streets, a central forum...
572990e16aef051400154fda	What direction did British architecture go in mid 18th century?	Ancient Greco-Roman ideal	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nFrom the middle of the 18th century, exploration and publication changed the course of British architecture towards a purer vision of the Ancient Greco-Roman ideal. James 'Athenian' Stuart's work The Antiquities of Athens and Other Monuments of Greece was very influential in this regar...
572990e16aef051400154fdb	What were Robert Wood's influential Greek monuments from mid 18th century?	Palmyra and Baalbec	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nFrom the middle of the 18th century, exploration and publication changed the course of British architecture towards a purer vision of the Ancient Greco-Roman ideal. James 'Athenian' Stuart's work The Antiquities of Athens and Other Monuments of Greece was very influential in this regar...
572990e16aef051400154fdc	Who began the revolution of Greek influenced architecture in Britain?	James 'Athenian' Stuart	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nFrom the middle of the 18th century, exploration and publication changed the course of British architecture towards a purer vision of the Ancient Greco-Roman ideal. James 'Athenian' Stuart's work The Antiquities of Athens and Other Monuments of Greece was very influential in this regar...
572990e16aef051400154fdd	What brothers were instrumental in this Greek movement of neoclassicism?	Adam Brothers	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nFrom the middle of the 18th century, exploration and publication changed the course of British architecture towards a purer vision of the Ancient Greco-Roman ideal. James 'Athenian' Stuart's work The Antiquities of Athens and Other Monuments of Greece was very influential in this regar...
5729922a1d0469140077954b	What author's 20th century writing caused interest in pure neoclassical design?	Albert Richardson	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn the early 20th century, the writings of Albert Richardson were responsible for a re-awakening of interest in pure neoclassical design. Vincent Harris (compare Harris's colonnaded and domed interior of Manchester Central Reference Library to the colonnaded and domed interior by John ...
5729922a1d0469140077954c	In what period did Percy Thomas design public building in neoclassical?	interwar period	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn the early 20th century, the writings of Albert Richardson were responsible for a re-awakening of interest in pure neoclassical design. Vincent Harris (compare Harris's colonnaded and domed interior of Manchester Central Reference Library to the colonnaded and domed interior by John ...
5729922a1d0469140077954d	Sir Edwin Lutyens' city planning in what city marked a shift in design?	New Delhi	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn the early 20th century, the writings of Albert Richardson were responsible for a re-awakening of interest in pure neoclassical design. Vincent Harris (compare Harris's colonnaded and domed interior of Manchester Central Reference Library to the colonnaded and domed interior by John ...
5729922a1d0469140077954e	What new design was trending after neoclassical?	Gothic Revival	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn the early 20th century, the writings of Albert Richardson were responsible for a re-awakening of interest in pure neoclassical design. Vincent Harris (compare Harris's colonnaded and domed interior of Manchester Central Reference Library to the colonnaded and domed interior by John ...
5729939d1d04691400779553	What is the name of the first wave of neoclassicism in France?	Louis XVI style	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the \"Louis XVI style\" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and \"Empire\", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomph...
5729939d1d04691400779554	France's second phase of neoclassic is known as what?	Directoire and "Empire"	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the \"Louis XVI style\" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and \"Empire\", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomph...
5729939d1d04691400779555	What architect typifies the first style of neoclassical in England?	Robert Adam	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the \"Louis XVI style\" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and \"Empire\", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomph...
5729939d1d04691400779556	Structure of whom characterize England's second phase of neoclassical?	Sir John Soane	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the \"Louis XVI style\" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and \"Empire\", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomph...
5729939d1d04691400779557	Who styled the court in France for more modern design after 1771?	Marie Antoinette	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the \"Louis XVI style\" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and \"Empire\", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomph...
572994ff1d0469140077955d	What is the earliest example of Greek architecture in France?	Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nWhat little there was, started with Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80), and Claude Nicolas Ledoux's Barriere des Bonshommes (1785–89). First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-...
572994ff1d0469140077955e	How concerned was France with Greek architecture?	Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nWhat little there was, started with Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80), and Claude Nicolas Ledoux's Barriere des Bonshommes (1785–89). First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-...
572994ff1d0469140077955f	Who's influence brought about Greek revival in France?	Laboustre	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nWhat little there was, started with Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80), and Claude Nicolas Ledoux's Barriere des Bonshommes (1785–89). First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-...
572994ff1d04691400779560	In which wave of neoclassical was the greek revival in France?	second Empire	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nWhat little there was, started with Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80), and Claude Nicolas Ledoux's Barriere des Bonshommes (1785–89). First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-...
572995f63f37b319004784ab	In what town is the oldest neoclassical architecture in Hungary?	Vác	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe earliest examples of neoclassical architecture in Hungary may be found in Vác. In this town the triumphal arch and the neoclassical façade of the baroque Cathedral were designed by the French architect Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval (Isidore Canevale) in the 1760s. Also the work...
572995f63f37b319004784ac	What French architect designed important neoclassical structures in 1760s?	Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe earliest examples of neoclassical architecture in Hungary may be found in Vác. In this town the triumphal arch and the neoclassical façade of the baroque Cathedral were designed by the French architect Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval (Isidore Canevale) in the 1760s. Also the work...
572995f63f37b319004784ad	Who designed the Esterhazy Palace?	Charles Moreau	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe earliest examples of neoclassical architecture in Hungary may be found in Vác. In this town the triumphal arch and the neoclassical façade of the baroque Cathedral were designed by the French architect Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval (Isidore Canevale) in the 1760s. Also the work...
572995f63f37b319004784ae	Who is famous for Cathedral Eger and Esztergom?	József Hild	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nThe earliest examples of neoclassical architecture in Hungary may be found in Vác. In this town the triumphal arch and the neoclassical façade of the baroque Cathedral were designed by the French architect Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval (Isidore Canevale) in the 1760s. Also the work...
572996c36aef051400154ffe	When was Malta introduced to neoclassical architecture?	late 18th century	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassical architecture was introduced in Malta in the late 18th century, during the final years of Hospitaller rule. Early examples include the Bibliotheca (1786), the De Rohan Arch (1798) and the Hompesch Gate (1801). However, neoclassical architecture only became popular in Malta ...
572996c36aef051400154fff	What was the ruler at the time of neoclassical introduction?	Hospitaller	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassical architecture was introduced in Malta in the late 18th century, during the final years of Hospitaller rule. Early examples include the Bibliotheca (1786), the De Rohan Arch (1798) and the Hompesch Gate (1801). However, neoclassical architecture only became popular in Malta ...
572996c36aef051400155000	When was RNH Bighi built?	1832	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassical architecture was introduced in Malta in the late 18th century, during the final years of Hospitaller rule. Early examples include the Bibliotheca (1786), the De Rohan Arch (1798) and the Hompesch Gate (1801). However, neoclassical architecture only became popular in Malta ...
572996c36aef051400155001	In what year did the St Paul's Pro-Cathedral get built?	1844	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nNeoclassical architecture was introduced in Malta in the late 18th century, during the final years of Hospitaller rule. Early examples include the Bibliotheca (1786), the De Rohan Arch (1798) and the Hompesch Gate (1801). However, neoclassical architecture only became popular in Malta ...
572999673f37b319004784df	In what are of architecture is neoclassical currently classed?	New Classical Architecture	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAs of the first decade of the 21st century, contemporary neoclassical architecture is usually classed under the umbrella term of New Classical Architecture. Sometimes it is also referred to as Neo-Historicism/Revivalism, Traditionalism or simply neoclassical architecture like the histo...
572999673f37b319004784e0	What is the term for sincere traditional-style architecture that sticks to regional architecture?	Traditional Architecture	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAs of the first decade of the 21st century, contemporary neoclassical architecture is usually classed under the umbrella term of New Classical Architecture. Sometimes it is also referred to as Neo-Historicism/Revivalism, Traditionalism or simply neoclassical architecture like the histo...
572999673f37b319004784e1	What is the award for major contributions to traditional of classical architecture in 21st century?	The Driehaus Architecture Prize	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAs of the first decade of the 21st century, contemporary neoclassical architecture is usually classed under the umbrella term of New Classical Architecture. Sometimes it is also referred to as Neo-Historicism/Revivalism, Traditionalism or simply neoclassical architecture like the histo...
572999673f37b319004784e2	What is another name for New Classical Architecture?	Neo-Historicism/Revivalism, Traditionalism	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAs of the first decade of the 21st century, contemporary neoclassical architecture is usually classed under the umbrella term of New Classical Architecture. Sometimes it is also referred to as Neo-Historicism/Revivalism, Traditionalism or simply neoclassical architecture like the histo...
5729996c1d0469140077956f	When was the lull in neoclassical architecture?	roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAfter a lull during the period of modern architectural dominance (roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s), neoclassicism has seen somewhat of a resurgence. This rebirth can be traced to the movement of New Urbanism and postmodern architecture's embrace of classical elements as i...
5729996c1d04691400779570	What is the movement that caused resurgence of neoclassicism?	New Urbanism	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAfter a lull during the period of modern architectural dominance (roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s), neoclassicism has seen somewhat of a resurgence. This rebirth can be traced to the movement of New Urbanism and postmodern architecture's embrace of classical elements as i...
5729996c1d04691400779571	Many post modern designs feature classic elements in what way?	ironic	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAfter a lull during the period of modern architectural dominance (roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s), neoclassicism has seen somewhat of a resurgence. This rebirth can be traced to the movement of New Urbanism and postmodern architecture's embrace of classical elements as i...
5729996c1d04691400779572	What recent architect began to take elements of classicism seriously?	Thomas Gordon Smith	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nAfter a lull during the period of modern architectural dominance (roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s), neoclassicism has seen somewhat of a resurgence. This rebirth can be traced to the movement of New Urbanism and postmodern architecture's embrace of classical elements as i...
57299b841d04691400779577	Who has stirred controversy for development and design of Chelsea Barracks?	Prince Charles	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former ca...
57299b841d04691400779578	What family was funding the development of former Chelsea Barracks?	Qatari Royal family	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former ca...
57299b841d04691400779579	What new library illustrates the traditional style of neoclassicism?	Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former ca...
57299b841d0469140077957a	What is the name of the library that illustrates the unconventional style of neoclassical?	ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former ca...
57299b841d0469140077957b	Is neoclassical design current in Britain?	a number of architects are active in the neoclassical	[ "Neoclassical_architecture\n\nIn Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former ca...
572975a8af94a219006aa46d	What were some of the names given to language during period of foreign control?	"Slavic", "Illyrian", or according to region, "Bosnian", "Serbian" and "Croatian"	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSouth Slavic dialects historically formed a continuum. The turbulent history of the area, particularly due to expansion of the Ottoman Empire, resulted in a patchwork of dialectal and religious differences. Due to population migrations, Shtokavian became the most widespread in the western Balkans...
572975a8af94a219006aa46e	What specific historical event caused a group of religious and verbal differences in South Slavic dialect?	expansion of the Ottoman Empire	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSouth Slavic dialects historically formed a continuum. The turbulent history of the area, particularly due to expansion of the Ottoman Empire, resulted in a patchwork of dialectal and religious differences. Due to population migrations, Shtokavian became the most widespread in the western Balkans...
572975a8af94a219006aa46f	Why was Shtokavian the most widespread culture in the western Balkans?	population migrations	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSouth Slavic dialects historically formed a continuum. The turbulent history of the area, particularly due to expansion of the Ottoman Empire, resulted in a patchwork of dialectal and religious differences. Due to population migrations, Shtokavian became the most widespread in the western Balkans...
572976773f37b3190047843b	What were both Serbian and Croation standards based on?	Shtokavian subdialect, Eastern Herzegovinian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSerbo-Croatian was standardized in the mid-19th-century Vienna Literary Agreement by Croatian and Serbian writers and philologists, decades before a Yugoslav state was established. From the very beginning, there were slightly different literary Serbian and Croatian standards, although both were b...
572976773f37b3190047843c	Which language officially served the Kingdom of Yugoslavia?	Serbo-Croatian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSerbo-Croatian was standardized in the mid-19th-century Vienna Literary Agreement by Croatian and Serbian writers and philologists, decades before a Yugoslav state was established. From the very beginning, there were slightly different literary Serbian and Croatian standards, although both were b...
572976773f37b3190047843d	What ethnic names does Serbo-Croatian associate with?	Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and sometimes Montenegrin and Bunjevac	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSerbo-Croatian was standardized in the mid-19th-century Vienna Literary Agreement by Croatian and Serbian writers and philologists, decades before a Yugoslav state was established. From the very beginning, there were slightly different literary Serbian and Croatian standards, although both were b...
572976fd3f37b31900478451	How many vowels does the Serbo-Croatian language have?	five	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike other South Slavic languages, Serbo-Croatian has a simple phonology, with the common five-vowel system and twenty-five consonants. Its grammar evolved from Common Slavic, with complex inflection, preserving seven grammatical cases in nouns, pronouns, and adjectives. Verbs exhibit imperfectiv...
572976fd3f37b31900478452	How many consonants does the Serbo-Croatian language have?	twenty-five	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike other South Slavic languages, Serbo-Croatian has a simple phonology, with the common five-vowel system and twenty-five consonants. Its grammar evolved from Common Slavic, with complex inflection, preserving seven grammatical cases in nouns, pronouns, and adjectives. Verbs exhibit imperfectiv...
572976fd3f37b31900478453	From where does Serbo-Croatian derive its grammar?	Common Slavic	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike other South Slavic languages, Serbo-Croatian has a simple phonology, with the common five-vowel system and twenty-five consonants. Its grammar evolved from Common Slavic, with complex inflection, preserving seven grammatical cases in nouns, pronouns, and adjectives. Verbs exhibit imperfectiv...
572976fd3f37b31900478454	Which alphabets can be used to express the Serbo-Croatian language?	Serbian Cyrillic or Gaj's Latin	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike other South Slavic languages, Serbo-Croatian has a simple phonology, with the common five-vowel system and twenty-five consonants. Its grammar evolved from Common Slavic, with complex inflection, preserving seven grammatical cases in nouns, pronouns, and adjectives. Verbs exhibit imperfectiv...
572985b41d0469140077950b	Did South Slav languages develop coherently or independently?	independently	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThroughout the history of the South Slavs, the vernacular, literary, and written languages (e.g. Chakavian, Kajkavian, Shtokavian) of the various regions and ethnicities developed and diverged independently. Prior to the 19th century, they were collectively called \"Illyric\", \"Slavic\", \"Slavo...
572985b41d0469140077950c	What were the names given to the various dialects predating the 19th century?	"Illyric", "Slavic", "Slavonian", "Bosnian", "Dalmatian", "Serbian" or "Croatian"	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThroughout the history of the South Slavs, the vernacular, literary, and written languages (e.g. Chakavian, Kajkavian, Shtokavian) of the various regions and ethnicities developed and diverged independently. Prior to the 19th century, they were collectively called \"Illyric\", \"Slavic\", \"Slavo...
572985b41d0469140077950d	Who first used the term Serbo-Croatian in 1824?	Jacob Grimm	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThroughout the history of the South Slavs, the vernacular, literary, and written languages (e.g. Chakavian, Kajkavian, Shtokavian) of the various regions and ethnicities developed and diverged independently. Prior to the 19th century, they were collectively called \"Illyric\", \"Slavic\", \"Slavo...
572985b41d0469140077950e	For what reason is the term "Serbo-Croatian" controversial today?	prejudice that nation and language must match	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThroughout the history of the South Slavs, the vernacular, literary, and written languages (e.g. Chakavian, Kajkavian, Shtokavian) of the various regions and ethnicities developed and diverged independently. Prior to the 19th century, they were collectively called \"Illyric\", \"Slavic\", \"Slavo...
57298de23f37b31900478487	Which dialect did writers and linguists of both Serbian and Croatian backgrounds wish to use as their common standard language?	Shtokavian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn the mid-19th century, Serbian (led by self-taught writer and folklorist Vuk Stefanović Karadžić) and most Croatian writers and linguists (represented by the Illyrian movement and led by Ljudevit Gaj and Đuro Daničić), proposed the use of the most widespread dialect, Shtokavian, as the base for...
57298de23f37b31900478488	Why was Shtokavian suggested as a common language base?	most widespread dialect	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn the mid-19th century, Serbian (led by self-taught writer and folklorist Vuk Stefanović Karadžić) and most Croatian writers and linguists (represented by the Illyrian movement and led by Ljudevit Gaj and Đuro Daničić), proposed the use of the most widespread dialect, Shtokavian, as the base for...
57298de23f37b31900478489	What 1850 document formally declared the intent to create a unified standard?	Vienna Literary Agreement	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn the mid-19th century, Serbian (led by self-taught writer and folklorist Vuk Stefanović Karadžić) and most Croatian writers and linguists (represented by the Illyrian movement and led by Ljudevit Gaj and Đuro Daničić), proposed the use of the most widespread dialect, Shtokavian, as the base for...
57298de23f37b3190047848a	After whose death in 1907 was the "Bosnian" name changed to "Serbo-Creation"?	administrator von Kállay	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn the mid-19th century, Serbian (led by self-taught writer and folklorist Vuk Stefanović Karadžić) and most Croatian writers and linguists (represented by the Illyrian movement and led by Ljudevit Gaj and Đuro Daničić), proposed the use of the most widespread dialect, Shtokavian, as the base for...
572994856aef051400154fe2	What is the term used for books that lay out spelling rules?	pravopis	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nWest European scientists judge the Yugoslav language policy as an exemplary one: although three-quarters of the population spoke one language, no single language was official on a federal level. Official languages were declared only at the level of constituent republics and provinces, and very ge...
572994856aef051400154fe3	Which language was that of 3/4 of the population?	Serbo-Croatian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nWest European scientists judge the Yugoslav language policy as an exemplary one: although three-quarters of the population spoke one language, no single language was official on a federal level. Official languages were declared only at the level of constituent republics and provinces, and very ge...
572994856aef051400154fe4	Of the two Serbo-Croatian variants, which had twice as many speakers as the other?	Serbian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nWest European scientists judge the Yugoslav language policy as an exemplary one: although three-quarters of the population spoke one language, no single language was official on a federal level. Official languages were declared only at the level of constituent republics and provinces, and very ge...
57299518af94a219006aa533	What three noun genders does Serbo-Croatian have?	masculine, feminine, and neuter	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike most Slavic languages, there are mostly three genders for nouns: masculine, feminine, and neuter, a distinction which is still present even in the plural (unlike Russian and, in part, the Čakavian dialect). They also have two numbers: singular and plural. However, some consider there to be t...
57299518af94a219006aa534	Where are adjectives properly placed in the Serbo-Croatian language?	in front of the noun they modify	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike most Slavic languages, there are mostly three genders for nouns: masculine, feminine, and neuter, a distinction which is still present even in the plural (unlike Russian and, in part, the Čakavian dialect). They also have two numbers: singular and plural. However, some consider there to be t...
57299518af94a219006aa535	Which number in the Serbo-Croatian language is treated as an adjective?	one [jedan]	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nLike most Slavic languages, there are mostly three genders for nouns: masculine, feminine, and neuter, a distinction which is still present even in the plural (unlike Russian and, in part, the Čakavian dialect). They also have two numbers: singular and plural. However, some consider there to be t...
572996166aef051400154ff2	What is the term used when shifing the acent to the next preceding syllable?	"Neoshtokavian retraction"	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nComparative and historical linguistics offers some clues for memorising the accent position: If one compares many standard Serbo-Croatian words to e.g. cognate Russian words, the accent in the Serbo-Croatian word will be one syllable before the one in the Russian word, with the rising tone. Histo...
572996166aef051400154ff3	Which dialects did not follow the Neoshtokavian retraction?	Chakavian, Kajkavian and the Old Shtokavian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nComparative and historical linguistics offers some clues for memorising the accent position: If one compares many standard Serbo-Croatian words to e.g. cognate Russian words, the accent in the Serbo-Croatian word will be one syllable before the one in the Russian word, with the rising tone. Histo...
572996166aef051400154ff4	Where can one look for memorization clues concerning accent positions?	Comparative and historical linguistics	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nComparative and historical linguistics offers some clues for memorising the accent position: If one compares many standard Serbo-Croatian words to e.g. cognate Russian words, the accent in the Serbo-Croatian word will be one syllable before the one in the Russian word, with the rising tone. Histo...
572996956aef051400154ff8	Serbo-Croatian is the only Slavic language to use what two scripts together?	Latin and Cyrillic	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe Croatian Latin alphabet (Gajica) followed suit shortly afterwards, when Ljudevit Gaj defined it as standard Latin with five extra letters that had diacritics, apparently borrowing much from Czech, but also from Polish, and inventing the unique digraphs \"lj\", \"nj\" and \"dž\". These digraph...
572996956aef051400154ff9	Which version, Latin or Cyrillic, is most commonly used?	Latin	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe Croatian Latin alphabet (Gajica) followed suit shortly afterwards, when Ljudevit Gaj defined it as standard Latin with five extra letters that had diacritics, apparently borrowing much from Czech, but also from Polish, and inventing the unique digraphs \"lj\", \"nj\" and \"dž\". These digraph...
572996956aef051400154ffa	How many extra letters does the Croatian Latin alphabet have?	five	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe Croatian Latin alphabet (Gajica) followed suit shortly afterwards, when Ljudevit Gaj defined it as standard Latin with five extra letters that had diacritics, apparently borrowing much from Czech, but also from Polish, and inventing the unique digraphs \"lj\", \"nj\" and \"dž\". These digraph...
572996e06aef051400155006	What is a dialect continuum?	each dialect has some similarities with the neighboring one, and differences grow with distance.	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSouth Slavic historically formed a dialect continuum, i.e. each dialect has some similarities with the neighboring one, and differences grow with distance. However, migrations from the 16th to 18th centuries resulting from the spread of Ottoman Empire on the Balkans have caused large-scale popula...
572996e06aef051400155007	What caused the dialect continuum to become fractured?	migrations from the 16th to 18th centuries resulting from the spread of Ottoman Empire on the Balkans	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSouth Slavic historically formed a dialect continuum, i.e. each dialect has some similarities with the neighboring one, and differences grow with distance. However, migrations from the 16th to 18th centuries resulting from the spread of Ottoman Empire on the Balkans have caused large-scale popula...
572996e06aef051400155008	Contrary to the 16th and 18th centuries, what caused migrations in the 20th century?	urbanization and wars	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nSouth Slavic historically formed a dialect continuum, i.e. each dialect has some similarities with the neighboring one, and differences grow with distance. However, migrations from the 16th to 18th centuries resulting from the spread of Ottoman Empire on the Balkans have caused large-scale popula...
572997743f37b319004784c7	Which dialect covers more area than all other dialects combined?	Štokavian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe Serbo-Croatian dialects differ not only in the question word they are named after, but also heavily in phonology, accentuation and intonation, case endings and tense system (morphology) and basic vocabulary. In the past, Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects were spoken on a much larger territory,...
572997743f37b319004784c8	What is morphology to a language?	tense system	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe Serbo-Croatian dialects differ not only in the question word they are named after, but also heavily in phonology, accentuation and intonation, case endings and tense system (morphology) and basic vocabulary. In the past, Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects were spoken on a much larger territory,...
572997743f37b319004784c9	What has caused Stokavian to become more widely spoken?	migrations caused by Ottoman Turkish conquest of the Balkans	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe Serbo-Croatian dialects differ not only in the question word they are named after, but also heavily in phonology, accentuation and intonation, case endings and tense system (morphology) and basic vocabulary. In the past, Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects were spoken on a much larger territory,...
572998533f37b319004784cd	How many standard variants of the Serbo-Croatian are spoken?	four	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nEnisa Kafadar argues that there is only one Serbo-Croatian language with several varieties. This has made possible to include all four varieties into a new grammar book. Daniel Bunčić concludes that it is a pluricentric language, with four standard variants spoken in Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro a...
572998533f37b319004784ce	In which areas are the four standard Serbo-Croatian variants spoken?	Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina.	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nEnisa Kafadar argues that there is only one Serbo-Croatian language with several varieties. This has made possible to include all four varieties into a new grammar book. Daniel Bunčić concludes that it is a pluricentric language, with four standard variants spoken in Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro a...
572998533f37b319004784cf	Who concluded that Serbo-Croatian is a pluricentric language?	Daniel Bunčić	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nEnisa Kafadar argues that there is only one Serbo-Croatian language with several varieties. This has made possible to include all four varieties into a new grammar book. Daniel Bunčić concludes that it is a pluricentric language, with four standard variants spoken in Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro a...
572998533f37b319004784d0	Who believes Serbo-Croatian is one language with multiple variants?	Enisa Kafadar	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nEnisa Kafadar argues that there is only one Serbo-Croatian language with several varieties. This has made possible to include all four varieties into a new grammar book. Daniel Bunčić concludes that it is a pluricentric language, with four standard variants spoken in Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro a...
572999813f37b319004784e7	Is it the majority or minority opinion that two different standard languages existed and overlapped at some historical point?	majority	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe opinion of the majority of Croatian linguists[citation needed] is that there has never been a Serbo-Croatian language, but two different standard languages that overlapped sometime in the course of history. However, Croatian linguist Snježana Kordić has been leading an academic discussion on ...
572999813f37b319004784e8	Who stated that the argument between pluricentric or dual standard classifications has been the "longest, most serious, and most acrid discussion in 21st century Croatian culture?"	Igor Mandić	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe opinion of the majority of Croatian linguists[citation needed] is that there has never been a Serbo-Croatian language, but two different standard languages that overlapped sometime in the course of history. However, Croatian linguist Snježana Kordić has been leading an academic discussion on ...
572999813f37b319004784e9	Which Croatian linguist agrees with Igor Mandic and feels that Serbo-Croatian language is pluricentric?	Croatian linguist Snježana Kordić	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe opinion of the majority of Croatian linguists[citation needed] is that there has never been a Serbo-Croatian language, but two different standard languages that overlapped sometime in the course of history. However, Croatian linguist Snježana Kordić has been leading an academic discussion on ...
572a0b606aef0514001551fe	Which language groups lived in Dalmation city-states prior to the 19th century?	Italian or Slavic	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe topic of language for writers from Dalmatia and Dubrovnik prior to the 19th century made a distinction only between speakers of Italian or Slavic, since those were the two main groups that inhabited Dalmatian city-states at that time. Whether someone spoke Croatian or Serbian was not an impor...
572a0b606aef0514001551ff	Today's Croatian language has its roots in what other language?	Old Croatian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe topic of language for writers from Dalmatia and Dubrovnik prior to the 19th century made a distinction only between speakers of Italian or Slavic, since those were the two main groups that inhabited Dalmatian city-states at that time. Whether someone spoke Croatian or Serbian was not an impor...
572a0b606aef051400155200	Prior to the 19th century, why was it irrelevant whether a person spoke Croatian or Serbian?	two languages were not distinguished by most speakers	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe topic of language for writers from Dalmatia and Dubrovnik prior to the 19th century made a distinction only between speakers of Italian or Slavic, since those were the two main groups that inhabited Dalmatian city-states at that time. Whether someone spoke Croatian or Serbian was not an impor...
572a0e246aef05140015520e	To which group did the people of the Catholic faith refer to themselves primarily?	Catholic Christendom	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nHowever, most intellectuals and writers from Dalmatia who used the Štokavian dialect and practiced the Catholic faith saw themselves as part of a Croatian nation as far back as the mid-16th to 17th centuries, some 300 years before Serbo-Croatian ideology appeared. Their loyalty was first and fore...
572a0e246aef05140015520f	After allowing for their religion, did the people of the Catholic faith see themselves as Serbian or Croatian?	Croatian	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nHowever, most intellectuals and writers from Dalmatia who used the Štokavian dialect and practiced the Catholic faith saw themselves as part of a Croatian nation as far back as the mid-16th to 17th centuries, some 300 years before Serbo-Croatian ideology appeared. Their loyalty was first and fore...
572a0e246aef051400155210	Ivan Broz stated that a Dalmatian identifiying as a Serb was just as foreign as what two other ethnicities?	Macedonian or Greek	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nHowever, most intellectuals and writers from Dalmatia who used the Štokavian dialect and practiced the Catholic faith saw themselves as part of a Croatian nation as far back as the mid-16th to 17th centuries, some 300 years before Serbo-Croatian ideology appeared. Their loyalty was first and fore...
572a0e601d04691400779711	What was the first book published in Serbo-Croatian?	Glagolitic Missale Romanum Glagolitice (1483)	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe luxurious and ornate representative texts of Serbo-Croatian Church Slavonic belong to the later era, when they coexisted with the Serbo-Croatian vernacular literature. The most notable are the \"Missal of Duke Novak\" from the Lika region in northwestern Croatia (1368), \"Evangel from Reims\"...
572a0e601d04691400779712	For what was "Evangel from Reims" named?	the town of its final destination	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe luxurious and ornate representative texts of Serbo-Croatian Church Slavonic belong to the later era, when they coexisted with the Serbo-Croatian vernacular literature. The most notable are the \"Missal of Duke Novak\" from the Lika region in northwestern Croatia (1368), \"Evangel from Reims\"...
572a0e601d04691400779713	In what year was the first book printed in Serbo-Croatian?	(1483)	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nThe luxurious and ornate representative texts of Serbo-Croatian Church Slavonic belong to the later era, when they coexisted with the Serbo-Croatian vernacular literature. The most notable are the \"Missal of Duke Novak\" from the Lika region in northwestern Croatia (1368), \"Evangel from Reims\"...
572a0efb3f37b31900478679	Which agreement was signed in 1954 by writers, linguists, and literary critics?	Novi Sad Agreement	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn 1954, major Serbian and Croatian writers, linguists and literary critics, backed by Matica srpska and Matica hrvatska signed the Novi Sad Agreement, which in its first conclusion stated: \"Serbs, Croats and Montenegrins share a single language with two equal variants that have developed around...
572a0efb3f37b3190047867a	On what principle did the Novi Sad Agreement focus upon?	equal status	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn 1954, major Serbian and Croatian writers, linguists and literary critics, backed by Matica srpska and Matica hrvatska signed the Novi Sad Agreement, which in its first conclusion stated: \"Serbs, Croats and Montenegrins share a single language with two equal variants that have developed around...
572a0efb3f37b3190047867b	Who was given the task of creating a dictionary in the Novi Sad Agreement?	Matica hrvatska and Matica srpska	[ "Serbo-Croatian\n\nIn 1954, major Serbian and Croatian writers, linguists and literary critics, backed by Matica srpska and Matica hrvatska signed the Novi Sad Agreement, which in its first conclusion stated: \"Serbs, Croats and Montenegrins share a single language with two equal variants that have developed around...

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