Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
572e8003c246551400ce425f	What did Great Britain gain in the West Indies from the war?	some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e8003c246551400ce4260	What did Great Britain gain in Africa from the war?	the colony of Senegal on the West African coast	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e8003c246551400ce4261	What happened to the scope of France's colonies as a result of the war?	France was deprived of many of its colonies	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e8003c246551400ce4262	How did the war impact France financially?	had saddled itself with heavy war debts that its inefficient financial system could barely handle	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e81f2cb0c0d14000f1204	What is the grandest label that historians have used to describe the Seven Years' War?	The war has been described as the first "world war"	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war has been described as the first \"world war\", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. ...
572e81f2cb0c0d14000f1205	What does the term "Second Hundred Years' War" describe?	The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war has been described as the first \"world war\", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. ...
572e81f2cb0c0d14000f1206	What is the precedent for the "Second Hundred Year's War?	reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war has been described as the first \"world war\", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. ...
572e81f2cb0c0d14000f1207	What was a later conflict that some considered the first World War?	to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war has been described as the first \"world war\", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. ...
572e83d3c246551400ce429e	What was Sweden's motivation to join the war?	Sweden, fearing Prussia's expansionist tendencies, went to war in 1757 to protect its Baltic dominions,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nRealizing that war was imminent, Prussia preemptively struck Saxony and quickly overran it. The result caused uproar across Europe. Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous...
572e83d3c246551400ce429f	What country did Spain invade?	Spain, bound by the Pacte de Famille, intervened on behalf of France and together they launched a disastrous invasion of Portugal	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nRealizing that war was imminent, Prussia preemptively struck Saxony and quickly overran it. The result caused uproar across Europe. Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous...
572e83d3c246551400ce42a0	When did Spain invade?	Spain, bound by the Pacte de Famille, intervened on behalf of France and together they launched a disastrous invasion of Portugal in 1762	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nRealizing that war was imminent, Prussia preemptively struck Saxony and quickly overran it. The result caused uproar across Europe. Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous...
572e83d3c246551400ce42a1	What was the result of the invasion by Spain?	Spain, bound by the Pacte de Famille, intervened on behalf of France and together they launched a disastrous invasion	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nRealizing that war was imminent, Prussia preemptively struck Saxony and quickly overran it. The result caused uproar across Europe. Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous...
572e83d3c246551400ce42a2	What region did Austria hope to recapture?	Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous war	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nRealizing that war was imminent, Prussia preemptively struck Saxony and quickly overran it. The result caused uproar across Europe. Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous...
572e8578c246551400ce42ba	Why did Denmark-Norway remain neutral rather than assisting its longtime ally, Britain?	The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fearing the odds against Britain and Prussia fighting the great powers of Europe	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nMany middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fe...
572e8578c246551400ce42bb	What did Russian Empress Elizabeth use the proceeds of the tax on salt and alcohol for?	the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nMany middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fe...
572e8578c246551400ce42bc	Why did Naples remain neutral?	Naples, Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party, declined to join the coalition under the fear of British power	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nMany middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fe...
572e8578c246551400ce42bd	Who would Sicily and Savoy normally align with?	Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nMany middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fe...
572e87fcc246551400ce42ee	What did Great Britain gain with respect to the French trading outposts on the subcontinent of India?	superiority over the French trading outposts	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e87fcc246551400ce42ef	What was the result for the Native American tribes?	The Native American tribes were excluded from the settlement	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e87fcc246551400ce42f0	What did the Native American tribes accomplish in the later Pontiac's War?	; a subsequent conflict, known as Pontiac's War, was also unsuccessful in returning them to their pre-war status.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e87fcc246551400ce42f1	What were two factors that redeemed the outcome for the Prussians?	good luck and successful strategy	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e87fcc246551400ce42f2	Who was the leader of Prussia?	King Frederick the Great	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. ...
572e89ce03f9891900756757	Who was the traditional partner with Great Britain at the beginning of the conflict?	Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Nei...
572e89ce03f9891900756758	What was the major gain by Great Britain by having Austria as it ally?	British subsidies to Austria had produced nothing of much help to the British	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Nei...
572e89ce03f9891900756759	What was gained or lost by Austria?	British military effort had not saved Silesia for Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Nei...
572e89ce03f989190075675a	Did the loss of Silesia by Austria intensify its battle with Prussia?	. Prussia, having secured Silesia, had come to terms with Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Nei...
572e89ce03f989190075675b	What alliances were formed in the "diplomatic reversal"?	The collapse of that system and the aligning of France with Austria and of Great Britain with Prussia constituted what is known as the “diplomatic revolution”	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Nei...
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f127e	What Russian-Austrian agreement preceded the Seven Years War that started in 1755-56?	June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They als...
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f127f	According to the Russian-Austrian pact of 1746, what would happen to Silesia in the event of hostilities with Prussia?	They also agreed to a secret clause that promised the restoration of Silesia and the countship of Glatz (now Kłodzko, Poland) to Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They als...
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f1280	What other area was mentioned regarding Prussian dominion in the Russian-Austrian pact?	the countship of Glatz (now Kłodzko, Poland) to Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They als...
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f1281	What individual was the main target of the pact?	Their real desire, however, was to destroy Frederick’s power altogether	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They als...
572e8c2fcb0c0d14000f1282	Why couldn't Petrovich persuade Austria to invade Prussia?	he could not persuade Austrian statesman Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz to commit to offensive designs against Prussia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn 1756 Austria was making military preparations for war with Prussia and pursuing an alliance with Russia for this purpose. On June 2, 1746, Austria and Russia concluded a defensive alliance that covered their own territory and Poland against attack by Prussia or the Ottoman Empire. They als...
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d11f	What was the house of king George II?	Hanover	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had t...
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d120	Name two diverse geographies that king George II had to protect.	his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had t...
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d121	How anxious was France to assist Prussia to take over Hanover?	it had no desire to divert forces to central Europe for Prussia's interest.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had t...
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d122	Why would France want to invade Hanover?	France was very much interested in colonial expansion and was willing to exploit the vulnerability of Hanover in war against Great Britain	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had t...
572e8e84dfa6aa1500f8d123	What was Britain's obligation to Hanover if colonial expansion via war with France was to be resumed?	Hanover had to be secured against Franco-Prussian attack	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had t...
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1d7	What was the objective of le Secret du roi?	goal of pursuing personal political objectives that were often at odds with France’s publicly stated policies	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrench policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives ...
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1d8	Who did King Louis XV want on the Polish throne?	his kinsman Louis François de Bourbon, prince de Conti,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrench policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives ...
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1d9	What was King Louis XV's secret ambition for Sweden and Turkey?	Sweden, and Turkey as French client states in opposition to Russian and Austrian interests	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrench policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives ...
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1da	What French official was kept in the dark about le Secret du roi?	Unbeknownst to his foreign minister,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrench policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives ...
572e99e7dfa6aa1500f8d1db	What countries did King Louis XV want keep in his sphere of influence to thwart the interests of Russia?	Poland, Sweden, and Turkey as French client states in opposition to Russian	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrench policy was, moreover, complicated by the existence of the le Secret du roi—a system of private diplomacy conducted by King Louis XV. Unbeknownst to his foreign minister, Louis had established a network of agents throughout Europe with the goal of pursuing personal political objectives ...
572e9cadc246551400ce43ec	What two geographies did Frederick want for Prussia?	Saxony and Polish west Prussia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hered...
572e9cadc246551400ce43ed	What country would refuse support if Frederick wen to war for Saxony and west Prussia?	could not expect French support	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hered...
572e9cadc246551400ce43ee	What was his concern about trying take Hanover from the British?	he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hered...
572e9cadc246551400ce43ef	What kept Augustus III from consolidating Saxony and Poland?	the two territories were physically separated by Brandenburg and Silesia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hered...
572e9cadc246551400ce43f0	Who was Poland's ancient ally?	Poland, despite its union with the ancient lands of Lithuania,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hered...
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f1388	What country was pleased that Britain used its Hanover vote to elect Joseph as Te Holy Roman Emperor?	Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complic...
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f1389	What country and person were displeased that Britain used it Hanover vote to elect Joseph as the Holy Roman Emporer?	Frederick and Prussia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complic...
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f138a	What was the French view about the dismemberment of Prussia?	saw the complete dismemberment of Prussia as unacceptable to the stability of Central Europe.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complic...
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f138b	What was a major objective of Britain in joining the Austro-Russian alliance?	to protect Hanover's interests against France.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complic...
572e9f64cb0c0d14000f138c	What was Kaunitz's objective with the French?	Kaunitz kept approaching the French in the hope of establishing such alliance with Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nIn the attempt to satisfy Austria at the time, Britain gave their electoral vote in Hanover for the candidacy of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph, as the Holy Roman Emperor, much to the dismay of Frederick and Prussia. Not only that, Britain would soon join the Austro-Russian alliance, but complic...
572ea33603f989190075687f	What was Kaunitz of Austria willing to trade for French help in capturing Silesia?	willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nYears later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision a...
572ea33603f9891900756880	What did Russia use Britain's money for?	to station 50,000 troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border, so they could defend Britain's interests in Hanover	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nYears later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision a...
572ea33603f9891900756881	What countries teamed together at the Convention of Westminster?	Britain and Prussia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nYears later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision a...
572ea33603f9891900756882	When was the Convention of Westminster signed?	January 16, 1756	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nYears later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision a...
572ea33603f9891900756883	Why was Beshuzev happy to put the troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border?	Besthuzev, assuming the preparation was directed against Prussia,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nYears later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision a...
572ea61f03f98919007568a3	What was the response of Empress Elizabeth of Russia to the English-Prussian agreement?	Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its...
572ea61f03f98919007568a4	Why was France mad at the British-Prussian agreement?	France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its...
572ea61f03f98919007568a5	France was now in a desperate position, what did they do?	France was forced to accede to the Austro-Russian alliance	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its...
572ea61f03f98919007568a6	Who were the parties to the treaty of Versailles?	Austria, particularly Kaunitz, used this situation to their utmost advantage. The now-isolated France	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its...
572ea61f03f98919007568a7	How many troops did Austria and France pledge to defend each other?	24.000 troops	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its...
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25b	Where did the French build Fort Duquesne?	the Forks" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at \"the Forks\" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French p...
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25c	What city is now located where Fort Duquesne was built?	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at \"the Forks\" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French p...
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25d	Were the British successful in stopping the building of Fort Duquesne?	British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at \"the Forks\" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French p...
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25e	Who led the British militia to drive the French out of Fort Duquesne?	Led by George Washington	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at \"the Forks\" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French p...
572ea780dfa6aa1500f8d25f	Where did the French for General George Washington's surrender?	Fort Necessity	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe most important French fort planned was intended to occupy a position at \"the Forks\" where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meet to form the Ohio River (present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Peaceful British attempts to halt this fort construction were unsuccessful, and the French p...
572ea92e03f98919007568d1	Which country dispatched regular troops to North America?	Britain and France	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nNews of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Be...
572ea92e03f98919007568d2	What was the result of the British attack on Ft Duquesne?	the expedition ended in disastrous defeat	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nNews of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Be...
572ea92e03f98919007568d3	Who led the British assault on Ft. Duquesne?	British Major General Edward Braddock	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nNews of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Be...
572ea92e03f98919007568d4	What was the result of the naval encounter between Britain and France?	Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship Alcide on 8 June 1755, capturing it and two troop ships	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nNews of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Be...
572ea92e03f98919007568d5	Who won the Battle of Lake George?	inconclusive	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nNews of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Be...
572eab27cb0c0d14000f142e	How much effort did France put into wars to defend its colonies?	It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFor much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyw...
572eab27cb0c0d14000f142f	Identify a major factor in this feckless strategy by France of not defending its colonies with enthusiasm?	geography, coupled with the superiority of the British navy, made it difficult	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFor much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyw...
572eab27cb0c0d14000f1430	Why did the French rulers need a large domestic army?	several long land borders made an effective domestic army imperative	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFor much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyw...
572eab27cb0c0d14000f1431	In treaty negotiations, what trades did France hope to make.	in treaty negotiations, to trade territorial acquisitions in Europe to regain lost overseas possessions.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFor much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyw...
572eab27cb0c0d14000f1432	How much success did France have in adding European territory with this approach?	France had few counterbalancing European successes.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFor much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyw...
572ead8003f989190075691f	How did the British avoid having large contingents of troops in continental Europe?	allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies,	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of ...
572ead8003f9891900756920	Identify an advantage that Britain had during the Seven Year's War.	Britain could turn London's enormous financial power to military advantage	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of ...
572ead8003f9891900756921	Who led the armies supporting British interests in central Europe?	Frederick the Great of Prussia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of ...
572ead8003f9891900756922	What country was driven into an alliance with France by the British pairing with Prussia?	leaving Austria to side with France	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of ...
572ead8003f9891900756923	How did the British behave in defending their colonies compared to the French approach?	In marked contrast to France, Britain strove to prosecute the war actively in the colonies	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of ...
572eb0c2c246551400ce4520	What was the grand strategy of prime minister William Pitt?	a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nWilliam Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India...
572eb0c2c246551400ce4521	What locations did Pitt want from France?	North America and India	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nWilliam Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India...
572eb0c2c246551400ce4522	What was Pitt's primary military advantage?	Britain's main weapon was the Royal Navy	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nWilliam Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India...
572eb0c2c246551400ce4523	How did Pitt plan to augment the British regular troops?	He also planned to use colonial forces from the Thirteen American colonies	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nWilliam Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India...
572eb0c2c246551400ce4524	How did Pitt's strategy affect Britain's future plans?	even after that the British continued his strategy	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nWilliam Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India...
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149a	What was the reason that the British Prime Minister thought that ware in Europe could be prevented?	the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Medite...
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149b	What country initiated conflict?	the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Medite...
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149c	What was the result for Admiral Byng?	Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Medite...
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149d	When was war declared between Britain and France?	War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Medite...
572eb4c8cb0c0d14000f149e	How did the timing of the declaration of war compare to the conflicts in North America between Britain and France?	nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country.	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nThe British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Medite...
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a4	How did Frederick II of Prussia respond to news of British and French clashes in North America?	he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of a...
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a5	What country was Saxony aligned with?	Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of a...
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a6	Fpr what possession of Prussia was the Saxony invasion a distraction?	pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French invasion of Silesia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of a...
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a7	What was one goal of the invasion of Saxony?	he would seize Saxony and eliminate it as a threat to Prussia	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of a...
572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a8	What was another goal of the invasion of Saxony?	to advance into Bohemia where he might set up winter quarters at Austria's expense	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nFrederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of a...
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14ae	How did Frederick protect Silesia when he went to invade Saxony?	leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nAccordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxo...
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14af	How did Frederick protect East Prussia when he went to invade Saxony?	leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nAccordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxo...
572eb7dfcb0c0d14000f14b0	Describe the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick.	a column of about 15,000 men	[ "Seven_Years%27_War\n\nAccordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxo...

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