Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
572f6abab2c2fd14005680ed	What type of trains became more energy-efficient in the former Soviet Union?	electric	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nIn the former Soviet Union, electric traction eventually became somewhat more energy-efficient than diesel. Partly due to inefficient generation of electricity in the USSR (only 20.8% thermal efficiency in 1950 vs. 36.2% in 1975), in 1950 diesel traction was about twice as energy ...
572f6abab2c2fd14005680ee	What year could be marked as year when electric railways more efficient than diesel ones?	1965	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nIn the former Soviet Union, electric traction eventually became somewhat more energy-efficient than diesel. Partly due to inefficient generation of electricity in the USSR (only 20.8% thermal efficiency in 1950 vs. 36.2% in 1975), in 1950 diesel traction was about twice as energy ...
572f6abab2c2fd14005680ef	How much fuel did electric train used less than diesel in the middle of 1970 in USSR?	25% less fuel per ton-km	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nIn the former Soviet Union, electric traction eventually became somewhat more energy-efficient than diesel. Partly due to inefficient generation of electricity in the USSR (only 20.8% thermal efficiency in 1950 vs. 36.2% in 1975), in 1950 diesel traction was about twice as energy ...
572f6abab2c2fd14005680f0	What could be a factor of lower energy consumption for electric trains?	better operating conditions on electrified lines	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nIn the former Soviet Union, electric traction eventually became somewhat more energy-efficient than diesel. Partly due to inefficient generation of electricity in the USSR (only 20.8% thermal efficiency in 1950 vs. 36.2% in 1975), in 1950 diesel traction was about twice as energy ...
572f6abab2c2fd14005680f1	How much more expensive was diesel compare to electricity per unit?	1.5 times more (per unit of heat energy content	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nIn the former Soviet Union, electric traction eventually became somewhat more energy-efficient than diesel. Partly due to inefficient generation of electricity in the USSR (only 20.8% thermal efficiency in 1950 vs. 36.2% in 1975), in 1950 diesel traction was about twice as energy ...
572f6d47a23a5019007fc60d	What caused the energy efficiency to go up?	energy-intensity dropping	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nBesides increased efficiency of power plants, there was an increase in efficiency (between 1950 and 1973) of the railway utilization of this electricity with energy-intensity dropping from 218 to 124 kwh/10,000 gross tonne-km (of both passenger and freight trains) or a 43% drop. S...
572f6d47a23a5019007fc60e	Elimination of what helped the efficiency of diesel traction to go up?	2-axle freight cars	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nBesides increased efficiency of power plants, there was an increase in efficiency (between 1950 and 1973) of the railway utilization of this electricity with energy-intensity dropping from 218 to 124 kwh/10,000 gross tonne-km (of both passenger and freight trains) or a 43% drop. S...
572f6d47a23a5019007fc60f	What type of locomotives got improved during 1950-1973 in Soviet Union?	electric	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nBesides increased efficiency of power plants, there was an increase in efficiency (between 1950 and 1973) of the railway utilization of this electricity with energy-intensity dropping from 218 to 124 kwh/10,000 gross tonne-km (of both passenger and freight trains) or a 43% drop. S...
572f6d47a23a5019007fc610	How much of energy was saved and re-used due to regenerative braking in 1989?	2.65%	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nBesides increased efficiency of power plants, there was an increase in efficiency (between 1950 and 1973) of the railway utilization of this electricity with energy-intensity dropping from 218 to 124 kwh/10,000 gross tonne-km (of both passenger and freight trains) or a 43% drop. S...
572f6d47a23a5019007fc611	Was there an energy efficiency improvement in the period 1974 through 1980?	no improvement	[ "Railway_electrification_system\n\nBesides increased efficiency of power plants, there was an increase in efficiency (between 1950 and 1973) of the railway utilization of this electricity with energy-intensity dropping from 218 to 124 kwh/10,000 gross tonne-km (of both passenger and freight trains) or a 43% drop. S...
572e867adfa6aa1500f8d09f	How many people speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States?	There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States,	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of...
572e867adfa6aa1500f8d0a0	How many Hispanics speak English too?	Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of...
572e867adfa6aa1500f8d0a1	What other language is often spoken in the United states?	The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of...
572e867adfa6aa1500f8d0a2	What type of language id Spanish?	Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of...
572e867adfa6aa1500f8d0a3	How many Spanish speaking students are there in the United States?	six million Spanish language students.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of...
572e8a7bc246551400ce430c	How old is the Spanish language in the United States?	The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and Califor...
572e8a7bc246551400ce430d	Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States?	Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and Califor...
572e8a7bc246551400ce430e	Where in the United States did the Spanish explore?	The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and Califor...
572e8a7bc246551400ce430f	Were there states ruled by the Spanish?	western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800,	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and Califor...
572e8a7bc246551400ce4310	Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers?	after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and Califor...
572e9c77c246551400ce43dc	When did the Spanish arrive to America?	Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as o...
572e9c77c246551400ce43dd	Did Europeans speak Spanish in America?	Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as o...
572e9c77c246551400ce43de	Where is the oldest settlement in America?	St. Augustine, Florida	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as o...
572e9c77c246551400ce43df	What is the oldest city of the United States territory?	The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as o...
572e9c77c246551400ce43e0	How was St. Augustine founded?	the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as o...
572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1f9	Was Texas a part of Mexico?	In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely \"American\" Texans,...
572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fa	When did the Americans come to Texas?	A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely \"American\" Texans,...
572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fb	Was there a war between the Mexicans and the Texans?	Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely \"American\" Texans,...
572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fc	When did Texas become a state?	In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely \"American\" Texans,...
572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fd	Was Texas a primarily a Spanish speaking state?	Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely \"American\" Texans,...
572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135c	When did other states become part of Mexico?	After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAfter the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Okl...
572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135d	What states made up of Alta California	California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAfter the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Okl...
572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135e	What states were part of Santa Fe de Nuevo	most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAfter the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Okl...
572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135f	Why is there still Bilingual spoken in these states?	The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAfter the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Okl...
572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f0	Why isn't the southwest Spanish speaking?	Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThrough the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingual...
572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f1	Is Canada bilingual?	United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThrough the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingual...
572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f2	Was California a bilingual state?	California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish,	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThrough the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingual...
572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f3	Why didn't California officially become bilingual?	the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThrough the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingual...
572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f4	Was there a court ruling?	the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThrough the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingual...
572ea6dc03f98919007568af	Did America try to make Puerto Rico an English speaking territory?	U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nFor decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948....
572ea6dc03f98919007568b0	How did America try to make Puerto Rico's language English?	making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nFor decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948....
572ea6dc03f98919007568b1	Was English in Puerto Rico successful?	It was completely unsuccessful,	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nFor decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948....
572ea6dc03f98919007568b2	How did Puerto Rico stay a Spanish speaking territory?	Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nFor decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948....
572ea6dc03f98919007568b3	Does Puerto Rico have many English speaking residents?	the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nFor decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948....
572eac16c246551400ce44ae	How many Puerto Ricans are there?	At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAt over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Pu...
572eac16c246551400ce44af	Do they speak Spanish fluently?	Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAt over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Pu...
572eac16c246551400ce44b0	Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland?	many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAt over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Pu...
572eac16c246551400ce44b1	Does Florida have a high Hispanic population?	increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAt over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Pu...
572eac16c246551400ce44b2	Are Hispanics in Hawaii?	7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAt over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Pu...
572eacbb03f9891900756915	Why did Cubans come to the United States?	Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nImmigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to th...
572eacbb03f9891900756916	What year did most Cubans start coming to America?	The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nImmigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to th...
572eacbb03f9891900756917	Where do most Cuban Americans live?	, most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nImmigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to th...
572eacbb03f9891900756918	Do Cubans speak Spanish in America?	most are fluent in Spanish	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nImmigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to th...
572eacbb03f9891900756919	Is there a particular place where Cubans live and speak Spanish in the U.S.?	In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nImmigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to th...
572eaddec246551400ce44e6	What other Spanish Speaking people come to America?	Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nLikewise the migration of Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans also began as a result of political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s. The uprising of the Sandinista revolution which toppled the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 caused many Nicaraguans to migrate parti...
572eaddec246551400ce44e7	Why did the Nicaraguans come to America?	political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nLikewise the migration of Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans also began as a result of political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s. The uprising of the Sandinista revolution which toppled the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 caused many Nicaraguans to migrate parti...
572eaddec246551400ce44e8	When did the Nicaraguans arrive?	Throughout the 1980s with the United States supported Contra War (or Contra-revolutionary war) which continued up until 1988	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nLikewise the migration of Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans also began as a result of political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s. The uprising of the Sandinista revolution which toppled the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 caused many Nicaraguans to migrate parti...
572eaddec246551400ce44e9	Where did Nicaraguans settle in America?	The states of the United States where most Nicaraguans migrated to include Florida, California and Texas.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nLikewise the migration of Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans also began as a result of political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s. The uprising of the Sandinista revolution which toppled the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 caused many Nicaraguans to migrate parti...
572eaddec246551400ce44ea	Was there a specific reason many Nicaraguans fled to the U.S.?	the economic collapse of the country many more Nicaraguans migrated to the United States amongst other countries.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nLikewise the migration of Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans also began as a result of political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s. The uprising of the Sandinista revolution which toppled the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 caused many Nicaraguans to migrate parti...
572eaf07dfa6aa1500f8d2b7	Why did Salvadorans come to America?	The exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems. The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s, in which 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escape...
572eaf07dfa6aa1500f8d2b8	When did Salvadorans come to America?	The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems. The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s, in which 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escape...
572eaf07dfa6aa1500f8d2b9	How many Salvadorans immigrated?	20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escaped headed to the United States,	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems. The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s, in which 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escape...
572eaf07dfa6aa1500f8d2ba	What is the population of Salvadorans living in America?	United States, which was already home to over 10,000 Salvadorans, making Salvadorans Americans the fourth-largest Hispanic and Latino American group	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems. The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s, in which 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escape...
572eaf07dfa6aa1500f8d2bb	Where do Salvadorans fall on the scale for Hispanic living in America?	Salvadorans Americans the fourth-largest Hispanic and Latino American group, after the Mexican-American majority, stateside Puerto Ricans, and Cubans.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems. The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s, in which 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escape...
572eb75ec246551400ce4554	Why did Central Americans flee to the U.S.?	civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAs civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,0...
572eb75ec246551400ce4555	When did Salvadorans flee	Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAs civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,0...
572eb75ec246551400ce4556	Are the Salvadorans a large population in the U.S.?	the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,000 to 465,000.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAs civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,0...
572eb75ec246551400ce4557	Is the Salvadoran population still growing?	the United States continued to grow in the 1990s and 2000s as a result of family reunification and new arrivals fleeing a series of natural disasters	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAs civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,0...
572eb75ec246551400ce4558	How many Salvadorans are in America now?	By 2008, there were about 1.1 million Salvadoran immigrants in the United States.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAs civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,0...
572eb7eddfa6aa1500f8d309	When did the Venezuelans emigrate to the united states?	Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nUntil the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States. Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela, only to later migrate to the United States along with the...
572eb7eddfa6aa1500f8d30a	Does Venezuela have immigrates from other countries?	Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nUntil the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States. Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela, only to later migrate to the United States along with the...
572eb7eddfa6aa1500f8d30b	Why did Venezuelans come to America?	Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain in there following graduation.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nUntil the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States. Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela, only to later migrate to the United States along with the...
572eb7eddfa6aa1500f8d30c	Do Venezuelans still come to America for the same reasons as they did before?	since the early 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan emigration have changed to include hopes of earning a higher salary	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nUntil the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States. Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela, only to later migrate to the United States along with the...
572eb8ccc246551400ce4564	How did Chavez affect the Venezuelans?	In the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in ...
572eb8ccc246551400ce4565	What areas of America did the Venezuelans settle in?	mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in South Florida	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in ...
572eb8ccc246551400ce4566	Are there any other areas of America Venezuelans settled in?	New York, California, Texas (adding their existing Hispanic populations), New Jersey, Massachusetts and Maryland.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in ...
572eb8ccc246551400ce4567	Where are the most populated city's Venezuelan live in?	Some of the urban areas with a high Venezuelan community include Miami, New York City, Los Angeles, and Washington, D.C.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in ...
572eda92dfa6aa1500f8d459	What language is spoken in the U.S.A?	English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAlthough the United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere. Virtually all state and federal government agencies and large corporations use E...
572eda92dfa6aa1500f8d45a	Is there such a thing as bilingual state?	Some states, such as New Mexico, provide bilingual legislated notices and official documents	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAlthough the United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere. Virtually all state and federal government agencies and large corporations use E...
572eda92dfa6aa1500f8d45b	Do American Hispanics speak English in the home?	there was a trend that most Americans and American residents who are of Hispanic descent speak only English in the home.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAlthough the United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere. Virtually all state and federal government agencies and large corporations use E...
572eda92dfa6aa1500f8d45c	Is there an official language of the United States?	United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nAlthough the United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere. Virtually all state and federal government agencies and large corporations use E...
572eda97c246551400ce472e	Has some states like Arizona embraced their Mexican history?	The state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico. The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory. The area of the for...
572eda97c246551400ce472f	What is the states history?	The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico. The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory. The area of the for...
572eda97c246551400ce4730	Has New Mexico had a majority of Spanish speaking natives.	The area of the former Gadsden Purchase contained a majority of Spanish-speakers until the 1940s	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico. The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory. The area of the for...
572eda97c246551400ce4731	Are Arizona and New Mexico residents speaking Spanish or English?	the continuous arrival of Mexican settlers increases the number of Spanish-speakers.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico. The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory. The area of the for...
572eda9dcb0c0d14000f1600	Does New Mexico have an official language?	the state has no official language.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nNew Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English....
572eda9dcb0c0d14000f1601	What language is New Mexico's language written in?	New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nNew Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English....
572eda9dcb0c0d14000f1602	How long has New Mexico been speaking Spanish?	Spanish has been spoken in the New Mexico-Colorado border and the contemporary U.S.–Mexico border since the 16th century	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nNew Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English....
572eda9dcb0c0d14000f1603	Is New Mexico known for the Spanish language?	New Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nNew Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English....
572edaa1dfa6aa1500f8d461	Why is New Mexico always an after thought in American -Spanish speaking society?	Because of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nBecause of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its ...
572edaa1dfa6aa1500f8d462	Is New Mexico's language different than from other Spanish dialect	, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nBecause of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its ...
572edaa1dfa6aa1500f8d463	How does New Mexico's Spanish dialect differ?	has developed its own vocabulary. In addition, it contains many words from Nahuatl, the language spoken by the ancient Aztecs of Mexico.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nBecause of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its ...
572edaa1dfa6aa1500f8d464	Does New Mexico's language also include other dialect?	New Mexican Spanish also contains loan words from the Pueblo languages of the upper Rio Grande Valley, Mexican-Spanish words (mexicanismos)	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nBecause of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its ...
572edaa1dfa6aa1500f8d465	Does New Mexico also use language from the American language when spoken in Spanish?	borrowings from English. Grammatical changes include the loss of the second person verb form, changes in verb endings	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nBecause of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its ...
572edaa503f9891900756a83	What is Texas official language?	In Texas, English is the state's de facto official language	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn Texas, English is the state's de facto official language (though it lacks de jure status) and is used in government. However, the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas. Texas's counties bordering Mexico are mostly Hispan...
572edaa503f9891900756a84	Are there exceptions to Texas official language?	, the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn Texas, English is the state's de facto official language (though it lacks de jure status) and is used in government. However, the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas. Texas's counties bordering Mexico are mostly Hispan...
572edaa503f9891900756a85	How does Texas handle people who don't speak English, but live in Mexico?	. The Government of Texas, through Section 2054.116 of the Government Code, mandates that state agencies provide information on their websites in Spanish	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn Texas, English is the state's de facto official language (though it lacks de jure status) and is used in government. However, the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas. Texas's counties bordering Mexico are mostly Hispan...
572edaa503f9891900756a86	How does this mandate help Spanish speaking residents?	websites in Spanish to assist residents who have limited English proficiency.	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nIn Texas, English is the state's de facto official language (though it lacks de jure status) and is used in government. However, the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas. Texas's counties bordering Mexico are mostly Hispan...
572edaa9c246551400ce4736	What language, other than English, is spoken in the U.S.?	Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American c...
572edaa9c246551400ce4737	Are students taught Spanish in american schools?	More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses	[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American c...

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