id
stringlengths
24
24
question
stringlengths
1
270
answer
stringlengths
1
239
documents
listlengths
1
1
572edaa9c246551400ce4738
How popular are Spanish language classes in the U.S,?
Spanish is the most widely taught language in American colleges and universities with 53 percent of the total number of people enrolled
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American c...
572edaa9c246551400ce4739
What other languages are popular among American students?
French (14.4%), German (7.1%), Italian (4.5%), American Sign language (4.3%), Japanese (3.7%), and Chinese (2.4%)
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American c...
572edaa9c246551400ce473a
Are these other languages learned in the U.S. as popular as Spanish?
totals remain relatively small in relation to the total U.S population.
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nSpanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American c...
572edab0cb0c0d14000f1608
What political speaches are delivered in English and Spanish?
The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians flue...
572edab0cb0c0d14000f1609
Was this always the case in American political addresses?
following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov.
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians flue...
572edab0cb0c0d14000f160a
Does Washington (government) operate in both languages (bilingual-Spanish?)
politicians fluent in Spanish-speak in Spanish to Hispanic majority constituencies
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians flue...
572edab0cb0c0d14000f160b
If someone is not bilingual and only speaks Spanish, how do they learn about current events?
There are 500 Spanish newspapers, 152 magazines, and 205 publishers in the United States; magazine and local television
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians flue...
572edab0cb0c0d14000f160c
Is the Hispanic population relevant to the American media?
local television advertising expenditures for the Hispanic market have increased much from 1999 to 2003, with growth of 58 percent and 43 percent, respectively.
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nThe State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians flue...
572edab303f9891900756a8b
Are there studies on Hispanic-American language?
Calvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nCalvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates ...
572edab303f9891900756a8c
What is Calvin Veltman' study about?
the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nCalvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates ...
572edab303f9891900756a8d
What was Calvin Veltman' findings?
high bilingualism rates and subsequent adoption of English as the preferred language of Hispanics, particularly by the young and the native-born.
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nCalvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates ...
572edab303f9891900756a8e
Is Calvin Veltman' relevant to today's Hispanic Americans?
his study based itself upon a large 1976 sample from the Bureau of the Census (which has not been repeated),
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nCalvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates ...
572edab303f9891900756a8f
Are there other similar findings similar to Calvin Veltman' for the modern age?
data from the 1990 Census tend to confirm the great Anglicization of the US Hispanic American origin population.
[ "Spanish_language_in_the_United_States\n\nCalvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates ...
572e8700cb0c0d14000f1252
What is the oldest city in South Carolina?
Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572e8700cb0c0d14000f1253
What county is Charleston, South Carolina located in?
Charleston County
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572e8700cb0c0d14000f1254
Charleston is located on what harbor?
Charleston Harbor
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572e8700cb0c0d14000f1255
Charleston Harbor is an inlet of what ocean?
Atlantic Ocean
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572e8700cb0c0d14000f1256
What river mergers with the Cooper River to form Charleston Harbor?
Ashley Rivers
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572ff8ff947a6a140053ceb5
What county is Charleston located in?
Charleston County
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572ff8ff947a6a140053ceb7
Charleston Harbor is formed on what ocean?
Atlantic Ocean
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572ff8ff947a6a140053ceb8
What river merges with the Ashley River to from the Charleston Harbor?
Cooper Rivers
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of Sou...
572e898bc246551400ce42f8
What year was Charleston founded?
1670
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572e898bc246551400ce42f9
What was Charleston's original name?
Charles Town
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572e898bc246551400ce42fa
Charles Town was named after which king?
King Charles II of England
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572e898bc246551400ce42fb
Where was the city originally located?
Albemarle Point
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572e898bc246551400ce42fc
What was Charleston's population in 2010?
120,083
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572ff90304bcaa1900d76f83
What year was Charleston originally founded?
1670
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572ff90304bcaa1900d76f84
What was the originally name of Charleston?
Charles Town
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572ff90304bcaa1900d76f85
Who was Charles Town named after?
King Charles II of England
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572ff90304bcaa1900d76f86
How many people lived in Charleston in 2010?
120,083
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572ff90304bcaa1900d76f87
Where was Charleston's first location?
Albemarle Point
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nFounded in 1670 as Charles Town in honor of King Charles II of England, Charleston adopted its present name in 1783. It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point. By 1690, Charles Town was the fi...
572ffb39947a6a140053cedc
How large is Charleston, South Carolina?
127.5 square miles (330.2 km2)
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians...
572ffb39947a6a140053cedd
Which city blocks Charleston for expanding up the peninsula?
North Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians...
572ffb39947a6a140053cede
How much of Charleston is covered by water?
18.5 square miles (47.9 km2)
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians...
572ffb39947a6a140053cedf
How of Charleston's total area is dry land?
109.0 square miles (282.2 km2)
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians...
572ffb39947a6a140053cee0
What town occupies the land directly east of the Cooper River?
Mount Pleasant
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians...
573003bda23a5019007fcc47
What season is the wettest in Charleston?
Summer
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
573003bda23a5019007fcc48
In what form does half of Charleston's annual rainfall occur?
thundershowers
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
573003bda23a5019007fcc49
What season is characterized as short in Charleston?
Winter
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
57300539b2c2fd1400568743
What is Charleston's seasonal record of snowfall?
8.0 in (20 cm)
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
57300539b2c2fd1400568744
What season is considered short in Charleston?
Winter
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
57300539b2c2fd1400568745
What is the wettest season in Charleston?
Summer
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
57300539b2c2fd1400568746
Half of Charleston's annual rainfall occurs in what form?
thundershowers
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
57300539b2c2fd1400568747
How much snow did Charleston's Airport recieve on December, 23 1989?
6.0 in (15 cm
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. ...
573007ceb2c2fd1400568761
What is hottest temperature recorded with Charleston's city limits?
104 °F
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to...
573007ceb2c2fd1400568762
What type of storm is a major threat to Charleston in the summer and early fall?
Hurricanes
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to...
573007ceb2c2fd1400568763
What hurricane hit Charleston in 1989?
Hurricane Hugo
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to...
573007ceb2c2fd1400568764
What was the lowest temperature ever recorded Charleston's city limit?
7 °F (−14 °C)
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to...
573007ceb2c2fd1400568765
What day did Charleston's airport hit the coldest day on record?
January 21, 1985
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to...
57300a06b2c2fd1400568789
How many people lived in the Charleston=North Charleston Urban Area in 2010?
548,404
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of three counties: Charleston, Berkeley, and Dorchester. As of the 2013 U.S. Census, the metropolitan statistical area had a total population of 712,239 people. North Charleston is the second-largest ci...
57300a06b2c2fd140056878a
What is the third largest city in South Carolina?
North Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of three counties: Charleston, Berkeley, and Dorchester. As of the 2013 U.S. Census, the metropolitan statistical area had a total population of 712,239 people. North Charleston is the second-largest ci...
57300a06b2c2fd140056878b
How many people lived in Moncks Corner in 2000?
9,123
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of three counties: Charleston, Berkeley, and Dorchester. As of the 2013 U.S. Census, the metropolitan statistical area had a total population of 712,239 people. North Charleston is the second-largest ci...
57300a06b2c2fd140056878c
Charleston and Berkeley is combined with what other county to form a metropolitan statistical area?
Dorchester
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of three counties: Charleston, Berkeley, and Dorchester. As of the 2013 U.S. Census, the metropolitan statistical area had a total population of 712,239 people. North Charleston is the second-largest ci...
57300a06b2c2fd140056878d
In which county is Moncks Corner located?
Berkeley County
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of three counties: Charleston, Berkeley, and Dorchester. As of the 2013 U.S. Census, the metropolitan statistical area had a total population of 712,239 people. North Charleston is the second-largest ci...
57300bc2947a6a140053cfe6
What era brought counties to South Carolina?
Reconstruction Era
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe traditional parish system persisted until the Reconstruction Era, when counties were imposed.[citation needed] Nevertheless, traditional parishes still exist in various capacities, mainly as public service districts. When the city of Charleston was formed, it was defined by the li...
57300bc2947a6a140053cfe7
Counties replaced what system in South Carolina?
traditional parish system
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe traditional parish system persisted until the Reconstruction Era, when counties were imposed.[citation needed] Nevertheless, traditional parishes still exist in various capacities, mainly as public service districts. When the city of Charleston was formed, it was defined by the li...
57300bc2947a6a140053cfe8
What is the main use of the parish system nowadays?
public service districts
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe traditional parish system persisted until the Reconstruction Era, when counties were imposed.[citation needed] Nevertheless, traditional parishes still exist in various capacities, mainly as public service districts. When the city of Charleston was formed, it was defined by the li...
57300bc2947a6a140053cfe9
The city of Charleston is defined by the limits of the Parish of St. Michael and what other parish?
Parish of St. Philip
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe traditional parish system persisted until the Reconstruction Era, when counties were imposed.[citation needed] Nevertheless, traditional parishes still exist in various capacities, mainly as public service districts. When the city of Charleston was formed, it was defined by the li...
57300bc2947a6a140053cfea
What other parish besides St. John's Parish is mostly an incorporated rural parish?
St. Andrew's Parish
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe traditional parish system persisted until the Reconstruction Era, when counties were imposed.[citation needed] Nevertheless, traditional parishes still exist in various capacities, mainly as public service districts. When the city of Charleston was formed, it was defined by the li...
57300d74a23a5019007fcccf
What year was Charles Town founded?
1670
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter Charles II of England (1630–1685) was restored to the English throne in 1660 following Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate, he granted the chartered Province of Carolina to eight of his loyal friends, known as the Lords Proprietors, on March 24, 1663. It took seven years before the g...
57300d74a23a5019007fccd0
How long did it take to establish settlement expeditions for the Province of Carolina?
seven years
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter Charles II of England (1630–1685) was restored to the English throne in 1660 following Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate, he granted the chartered Province of Carolina to eight of his loyal friends, known as the Lords Proprietors, on March 24, 1663. It took seven years before the g...
57300d74a23a5019007fccd1
What was the plan to settle and develop the Province of Carolina?
the Grand Model
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter Charles II of England (1630–1685) was restored to the English throne in 1660 following Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate, he granted the chartered Province of Carolina to eight of his loyal friends, known as the Lords Proprietors, on March 24, 1663. It took seven years before the g...
57300d74a23a5019007fccd2
Who prepared the plan known as "the Grand Model"?
John Locke
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter Charles II of England (1630–1685) was restored to the English throne in 1660 following Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate, he granted the chartered Province of Carolina to eight of his loyal friends, known as the Lords Proprietors, on March 24, 1663. It took seven years before the g...
57300d74a23a5019007fccd3
When was Charles II of England restored to the throne?
1660
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter Charles II of England (1630–1685) was restored to the English throne in 1660 following Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate, he granted the chartered Province of Carolina to eight of his loyal friends, known as the Lords Proprietors, on March 24, 1663. It took seven years before the g...
57300f27b2c2fd14005687bb
Where did Charleston's original settlers come from?
Bermuda
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a ...
57300f27b2c2fd14005687bc
Bermuda is located near which North Carolina town?
Cape Hatteras
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a ...
57300f27b2c2fd14005687bd
Who was the first governor of Charleston?
William Sayle
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a ...
57300f27b2c2fd14005687be
Who predicted Charleston would become a 'great port towne'?
Earl of Shaftesbury
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a ...
57300f27b2c2fd14005687bf
The settlement was relocated east to what river?
Ashley River
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a ...
573012e9947a6a140053d048
What religious group was not allowed to settle in South Carolina?
Catholics
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe first settlers primarily came from England, its Caribbean colony of Barbados, and its Atlantic colony of Bermuda. Among these were free people of color, born in the West Indies of alliances and marriages between Africans and Englanders, when color lines were looser among the worki...
573012e9947a6a140053d049
About what year did Charleston cease to have the wealthiest Jewish community in America?
1830
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe first settlers primarily came from England, its Caribbean colony of Barbados, and its Atlantic colony of Bermuda. Among these were free people of color, born in the West Indies of alliances and marriages between Africans and Englanders, when color lines were looser among the worki...
573012e9947a6a140053d04a
What European country did many of the first Charleston settlers come from?
England
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe first settlers primarily came from England, its Caribbean colony of Barbados, and its Atlantic colony of Bermuda. Among these were free people of color, born in the West Indies of alliances and marriages between Africans and Englanders, when color lines were looser among the worki...
573012e9947a6a140053d04b
After what war did the state ban on Catholics end?
American Revolution
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe first settlers primarily came from England, its Caribbean colony of Barbados, and its Atlantic colony of Bermuda. Among these were free people of color, born in the West Indies of alliances and marriages between Africans and Englanders, when color lines were looser among the worki...
573012e9947a6a140053d04c
Along with Bermuda, what other English colony did many settlers come from?
Barbados
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe first settlers primarily came from England, its Caribbean colony of Barbados, and its Atlantic colony of Bermuda. Among these were free people of color, born in the West Indies of alliances and marriages between Africans and Englanders, when color lines were looser among the worki...
5730141804bcaa1900d77131
Which country along with France contested England's claim to the Charleston region?
Spain
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-calle...
5730141804bcaa1900d77132
Which group raided the settlement as a means to protect themselves from settlers?
Native Americans
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-calle...
5730141804bcaa1900d77133
Whose 1704 plan was used to fortified the city?
Governor Johnson
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-calle...
5730141804bcaa1900d77134
The majority of the fort walls were removed in what decade?
1720s
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-calle...
5730141804bcaa1900d77135
Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else attacked the Charleston settlement?
pirates
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-calle...
57301654a23a5019007fcd47
What author paid for the simple bench at Sullivan's Island?
Toni Morrison
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfricans were brought to Charles Town on the Middle Passage, first as \"servants\", then as slaves. Ethnic groups transported here included especially Wolof, Yoruba, Fulani, Igbo, Malinke, and other people of the Windward Coast. An estimated 40% of the total 400,000 Africans transport...
57301654a23a5019007fcd48
What percentage of those sold as slaves in North America landed at Sullivan's Island?
40%
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfricans were brought to Charles Town on the Middle Passage, first as \"servants\", then as slaves. Ethnic groups transported here included especially Wolof, Yoruba, Fulani, Igbo, Malinke, and other people of the Windward Coast. An estimated 40% of the total 400,000 Africans transport...
57301654a23a5019007fcd49
What stage of the slave trade provided slaves to Charles Town?
Middle Passage
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfricans were brought to Charles Town on the Middle Passage, first as \"servants\", then as slaves. Ethnic groups transported here included especially Wolof, Yoruba, Fulani, Igbo, Malinke, and other people of the Windward Coast. An estimated 40% of the total 400,000 Africans transport...
57301654a23a5019007fcd4a
What peoples were brought to Charles Town to be slaves?
Africans
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfricans were brought to Charles Town on the Middle Passage, first as \"servants\", then as slaves. Ethnic groups transported here included especially Wolof, Yoruba, Fulani, Igbo, Malinke, and other people of the Windward Coast. An estimated 40% of the total 400,000 Africans transport...
57301654a23a5019007fcd4b
Which African coast did many slaves that were sold in Charles Town come from?
Windward Coast
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfricans were brought to Charles Town on the Middle Passage, first as \"servants\", then as slaves. Ethnic groups transported here included especially Wolof, Yoruba, Fulani, Igbo, Malinke, and other people of the Windward Coast. An estimated 40% of the total 400,000 Africans transport...
57301dd3a23a5019007fcdb1
African slaves had great knowledge of the cultivation of what product?
rice
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nColonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Ca...
57301dd3a23a5019007fcdb2
Which nation subsidized indigo crops from the Lowcountry?
Britain
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nColonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Ca...
57301dd3a23a5019007fcdb3
By what year was indigo was a leading export for the Lowcountry?
1750
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nColonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Ca...
57301dd3a23a5019007fcdb4
By what year was rice a successful commodity crop for the Lowcountry?
1700
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nColonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Ca...
57301dd3a23a5019007fcdb5
What products were exported along with indigo from the Lowcountry?
naval stores
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nColonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Ca...
57301f89a23a5019007fcdd9
What lucrative trade contributed greatly to Charles Town's growth?
slave trade
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy the mid-18th century, Charles Town had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies. Charles Towne was also the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia, in part because of the lucrative slave trade. By 1770, it was the fourth-lar...
57301f89a23a5019007fcdda
When did Charles Town become the fourth largest colonial port?
1770
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy the mid-18th century, Charles Town had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies. Charles Towne was also the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia, in part because of the lucrative slave trade. By 1770, it was the fourth-lar...
57301f89a23a5019007fcddb
Who made up the majority of Charles Town population in 1708?
slaves
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy the mid-18th century, Charles Town had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies. Charles Towne was also the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia, in part because of the lucrative slave trade. By 1770, it was the fourth-lar...
57301f89a23a5019007fcddc
People of African descent were the majority in Charleston until what mass movement?
the Great Migration
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy the mid-18th century, Charles Town had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies. Charles Towne was also the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia, in part because of the lucrative slave trade. By 1770, it was the fourth-lar...
57301f89a23a5019007fcddd
When did the Great Migration occur?
the early 20th century
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy the mid-18th century, Charles Town had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies. Charles Towne was also the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia, in part because of the lucrative slave trade. By 1770, it was the fourth-lar...
573021c8a23a5019007fce01
What other Native American nation supplied Charles Town with deer hides other than the Cherokee nation?
Creek nations
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharles Town was a hub of the deerskin trade, the basis of its early economy. Trade alliances with the Cherokee and Creek nations insured a steady supply of deer hides. Between 1699 and 1715, colonists exported an average of 54,000 deer skins annually to Europe through Charles Town. B...
573021c8a23a5019007fce02
What is the estimation of deer slaughtered in Charles Town from 1739 to 1761?
500,000 to 1,250,000
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharles Town was a hub of the deerskin trade, the basis of its early economy. Trade alliances with the Cherokee and Creek nations insured a steady supply of deer hides. Between 1699 and 1715, colonists exported an average of 54,000 deer skins annually to Europe through Charles Town. B...
573021c8a23a5019007fce03
Records indicate how many pounds of deer skins were exported from Charles Town during the height of its deerskin trade?
5,239,350
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharles Town was a hub of the deerskin trade, the basis of its early economy. Trade alliances with the Cherokee and Creek nations insured a steady supply of deer hides. Between 1699 and 1715, colonists exported an average of 54,000 deer skins annually to Europe through Charles Town. B...
573021c8a23a5019007fce04
What trade was the basis of Charles Town's original economy?
the deerskin trade
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharles Town was a hub of the deerskin trade, the basis of its early economy. Trade alliances with the Cherokee and Creek nations insured a steady supply of deer hides. Between 1699 and 1715, colonists exported an average of 54,000 deer skins annually to Europe through Charles Town. B...
573021c8a23a5019007fce05
What was the average amount of deer skins that Charles Town exported to Europe between 1699 to 1715?
54,000
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharles Town was a hub of the deerskin trade, the basis of its early economy. Trade alliances with the Cherokee and Creek nations insured a steady supply of deer hides. Between 1699 and 1715, colonists exported an average of 54,000 deer skins annually to Europe through Charles Town. B...
5730235ba23a5019007fce23
What is the oldest college in South Carolina?
College of Charles Towne
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAs Charles Town grew, so did the community's cultural and social opportunities, especially for the elite merchants and planters. The first theatre building in America was built in 1736 on the site of today's Dock Street Theatre. Benevolent societies were formed by different ethnic gro...