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573046f904bcaa1900d7745c
How many full time firefighters do Charleston have?
300
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Fire Department consists over 300 full-time firefighters. These firefighters operate out of 19 companies located throughout the city: 16 engine companies, two tower companies, and one ladder company. Training, Fire Marshall, Operations, and Administration are th...
573046f904bcaa1900d7745d
Who was the Fire Chief until June 2008?
Russell (Rusty) Thomas
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Fire Department consists over 300 full-time firefighters. These firefighters operate out of 19 companies located throughout the city: 16 engine companies, two tower companies, and one ladder company. Training, Fire Marshall, Operations, and Administration are th...
573046f904bcaa1900d7745e
Who became the Fire Chief in November 2008?
Chief Thomas Carr
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Fire Department consists over 300 full-time firefighters. These firefighters operate out of 19 companies located throughout the city: 16 engine companies, two tower companies, and one ladder company. Training, Fire Marshall, Operations, and Administration are th...
573046f904bcaa1900d7745f
How many tower companies does the fire department have?
two
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Fire Department consists over 300 full-time firefighters. These firefighters operate out of 19 companies located throughout the city: 16 engine companies, two tower companies, and one ladder company. Training, Fire Marshall, Operations, and Administration are th...
5730483ea23a5019007fd067
What is the largest police department of South Carolina?
The City of Charleston Police Department
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to...
5730483ea23a5019007fd068
How many reserve police officers do the Charleston Police Department have?
27
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to...
5730483ea23a5019007fd069
How many civilians serve on the Charleston Police Department?
137
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to...
5730483ea23a5019007fd06a
Who is the current Chief of the Charleston Police Department?
Greg Mullen
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to...
5730483ea23a5019007fd06b
What year did Reuben Greenberg retire as Chief of Charleston Police Department?
2005
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to...
57304973947a6a140053d3ae
What is the state's first school of medicine?
Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the primary medical center for the eastern portion of the state. The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital. MUSC is the state's fir...
57304973947a6a140053d3af
Where is East Cooper Regional Medical Center?
Mount Pleasant
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the primary medical center for the eastern portion of the state. The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital. MUSC is the state's fir...
57304973947a6a140053d3b0
Where is the Trident Regional Medical Center is located?
City of North Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the primary medical center for the eastern portion of the state. The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital. MUSC is the state's fir...
57304973947a6a140053d3b1
Bon Secours-St Francis Xavier Hospital is located at what portion of the city?
West Ashley portion
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the primary medical center for the eastern portion of the state. The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital. MUSC is the state's fir...
57304973947a6a140053d3b2
What medical district is experiencing growth in biotechnology and medical research field?
The downtown medical district
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston is the primary medical center for the eastern portion of the state. The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital. MUSC is the state's fir...
57304a9c8ab72b1400f9c3ea
What airport provides service to the City to Charleston?
Charleston International Airport
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston is served by the Charleston International Airport. It is located in the City of North Charleston and is about 12 miles (20 km) northwest of downtown Charleston. It is the busiest passenger airport in South Carolina (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS). The airport shares run...
57304a9c8ab72b1400f9c3eb
The Charleston International Airport is located in what city?
North Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston is served by the Charleston International Airport. It is located in the City of North Charleston and is about 12 miles (20 km) northwest of downtown Charleston. It is the busiest passenger airport in South Carolina (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS). The airport shares run...
57304a9c8ab72b1400f9c3ec
How far is the airport from downtown Charleston?
12 miles (20 km)
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston is served by the Charleston International Airport. It is located in the City of North Charleston and is about 12 miles (20 km) northwest of downtown Charleston. It is the busiest passenger airport in South Carolina (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS). The airport shares run...
57304a9c8ab72b1400f9c3ed
Charleston Executive Airport is located where?
the John's Island section of the city of Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston is served by the Charleston International Airport. It is located in the City of North Charleston and is about 12 miles (20 km) northwest of downtown Charleston. It is the busiest passenger airport in South Carolina (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS). The airport shares run...
57304a9c8ab72b1400f9c3ee
What military base is located near the airport?
Charleston Air Force Base
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe City of Charleston is served by the Charleston International Airport. It is located in the City of North Charleston and is about 12 miles (20 km) northwest of downtown Charleston. It is the busiest passenger airport in South Carolina (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS). The airport shares run...
57304b80069b531400832009
What area in Charleston is considered the 'industrial area'?
the city's Neck area
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nInterstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street. Heading northwest, it connects the city to North Charleston, the Charleston International Airport, Interstate 95, and Columbia. The Arthur Ravene...
57304b80069b53140083200a
What highways is King Street in downtown Charleston?
U.S. Highway 78
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nInterstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street. Heading northwest, it connects the city to North Charleston, the Charleston International Airport, Interstate 95, and Columbia. The Arthur Ravene...
57304b80069b53140083200b
U.S. Highway 78 merges with what street?
Meeting Street
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nInterstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street. Heading northwest, it connects the city to North Charleston, the Charleston International Airport, Interstate 95, and Columbia. The Arthur Ravene...
57304b80069b53140083200c
Interstate 526 begins and ends at what Highway?
U.S. Highway 17
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nInterstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street. Heading northwest, it connects the city to North Charleston, the Charleston International Airport, Interstate 95, and Columbia. The Arthur Ravene...
57304b80069b53140083200d
Interstate 26 begins on what part of Charleston?
downtown Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nInterstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street. Heading northwest, it connects the city to North Charleston, the Charleston International Airport, Interstate 95, and Columbia. The Arthur Ravene...
57304c812461fd1900a9ccfb
What year did the Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge open?
2005
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed] The bridge links Mount Pleasant with downtown Charleston, and has eight lanes plus a 12-foot ...
57304c812461fd1900a9ccfc
What is linked to downtown Charleston by the bridge?
Mount Pleasant
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed] The bridge links Mount Pleasant with downtown Charleston, and has eight lanes plus a 12-foot ...
57304c812461fd1900a9ccfd
What year was the Grace Memorial Bridge built?
1929
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed] The bridge links Mount Pleasant with downtown Charleston, and has eight lanes plus a 12-foot ...
57304c812461fd1900a9ccfe
What year was the Silas N. Pearman Bridge built?
1966
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed] The bridge links Mount Pleasant with downtown Charleston, and has eight lanes plus a 12-foot ...
57304c812461fd1900a9ccff
The Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge crosses what river?
Cooper River
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed] The bridge links Mount Pleasant with downtown Charleston, and has eight lanes plus a 12-foot ...
57304d34069b531400832023
Some of the oldest private schools in Charleston date back how long?
150 years
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education also operates out of the city and oversees several K-8 parochial schools, such as Blessed Sacrament School, Christ Our King School, Charleston Catholic School, Nativity School, and Divine Redeemer School, all of which are \"...
57304d34069b531400832024
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston oversees what kind of schools?
K-8 parochial schools
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education also operates out of the city and oversees several K-8 parochial schools, such as Blessed Sacrament School, Christ Our King School, Charleston Catholic School, Nativity School, and Divine Redeemer School, all of which are \"...
57304e4b069b531400832037
How old are some of Charleston's private school?
150 years
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education also operates out of the city and oversees several K-8 parochial schools, such as Blessed Sacrament School, Christ Our King School, Charleston Catholic School, Nativity School, and Divine Redeemer School, all of which are \"...
57304e4b069b531400832038
Which school is Charleston's diocesan high school?
Bishop England High School
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education also operates out of the city and oversees several K-8 parochial schools, such as Blessed Sacrament School, Christ Our King School, Charleston Catholic School, Nativity School, and Divine Redeemer School, all of which are \"...
57304e4b069b531400832039
Which organization oversees several K-8 Parochial Schools?
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education also operates out of the city and oversees several K-8 parochial schools, such as Blessed Sacrament School, Christ Our King School, Charleston Catholic School, Nativity School, and Divine Redeemer School, all of which are \"...
57304e4b069b53140083203a
Bishop England High school , Porter-Gaud School and a what other school is among Charleston's most prominent private schools?
Ashley Hall
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Office of Education also operates out of the city and oversees several K-8 parochial schools, such as Blessed Sacrament School, Christ Our King School, Charleston Catholic School, Nativity School, and Divine Redeemer School, all of which are \"...
57304f4f8ab72b1400f9c424
What is the nation's 13th-oldest university?
College of Charleston
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nPublic institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including th...
57304f4f8ab72b1400f9c425
Where is the Art Institute of Charleston located?
downtown on North Market Street
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nPublic institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including th...
57304f4f8ab72b1400f9c426
What year did the Art institute of Charleston open?
2007
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nPublic institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including th...
57304f4f8ab72b1400f9c427
What Charleston College offers a degree in Building Arts?
The American College of the Building Arts
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nPublic institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including th...
57304f4f8ab72b1400f9c428
What Technical college have a campus at downtown Charleston?
Trident Technical College
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nPublic institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including th...
573051b9069b53140083203f
What is the name of Charleston's sister city?
Spoleto
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has one official sister city, Spoleto, Umbria, Italy. The relationship between the two cities began when Pulitzer Prize-winning Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti selected Charleston as the city to host the American version of Spoleto's annual Festival of Two Worlds. \"Loo...
573051b9069b531400832040
In what country is Spoleto located?
Italy
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has one official sister city, Spoleto, Umbria, Italy. The relationship between the two cities began when Pulitzer Prize-winning Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti selected Charleston as the city to host the American version of Spoleto's annual Festival of Two Worlds. \"Loo...
573051b9069b531400832041
Who selected Charleston to host an American version of a festival?
Gian Carlo Menotti
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has one official sister city, Spoleto, Umbria, Italy. The relationship between the two cities began when Pulitzer Prize-winning Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti selected Charleston as the city to host the American version of Spoleto's annual Festival of Two Worlds. \"Loo...
573051b9069b531400832042
What is the name of festival held in Spoleto?
Festival of Two Worlds
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has one official sister city, Spoleto, Umbria, Italy. The relationship between the two cities began when Pulitzer Prize-winning Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti selected Charleston as the city to host the American version of Spoleto's annual Festival of Two Worlds. \"Loo...
573051b9069b531400832043
What is the profession of Gian Carlo Menotti?
composer
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nCharleston has one official sister city, Spoleto, Umbria, Italy. The relationship between the two cities began when Pulitzer Prize-winning Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti selected Charleston as the city to host the American version of Spoleto's annual Festival of Two Worlds. \"Loo...
573051c18ab72b1400f9c45a
What year was the Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic station closed?
1996
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nDuring this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's loadout base for all nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN \"Boomer\" squadrons and a submarine tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a submarine...
573051c18ab72b1400f9c45b
How many nuclear warheads were stored at the Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic station?
2,500 nuclear warheads
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nDuring this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's loadout base for all nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN \"Boomer\" squadrons and a submarine tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a submarine...
573051c18ab72b1400f9c45c
How many SSBN "Boomer" squadrons were homeported at the Weapons Station?
Two
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nDuring this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's loadout base for all nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN \"Boomer\" squadrons and a submarine tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a submarine...
573051c18ab72b1400f9c45d
Submarine Squadron 4 is homeported at what type of military base?
Naval Base
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nDuring this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's loadout base for all nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN \"Boomer\" squadrons and a submarine tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a submarine...
573051c18ab72b1400f9c45e
What type of security force guards the 2500 nuclear warheads?
a U.S. Marine Corps security force company.
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nDuring this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's loadout base for all nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN \"Boomer\" squadrons and a submarine tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a submarine...
573053c88ab72b1400f9c464
What year did South Carolina pass a law allowing them to repeal Federal Law?
1832
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nIn 1832, South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, a procedure by which a state could, in effect, repeal a federal law; it was directed against the most recent tariff acts. Soon, federal soldiers were dispensed to Charleston's forts, and five United States Coast Guard cutte...
573053c88ab72b1400f9c465
After South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, who was sent to Charleston's forts?
federal soldiers
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nIn 1832, South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, a procedure by which a state could, in effect, repeal a federal law; it was directed against the most recent tariff acts. Soon, federal soldiers were dispensed to Charleston's forts, and five United States Coast Guard cutte...
573053c88ab72b1400f9c466
After South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, who was sent to Charleston Harbor?
five United States Coast Guard cutters
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nIn 1832, South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, a procedure by which a state could, in effect, repeal a federal law; it was directed against the most recent tariff acts. Soon, federal soldiers were dispensed to Charleston's forts, and five United States Coast Guard cutte...
573053c88ab72b1400f9c467
The federal action of sending soldiers to Charleston in 1832 is known as what?
the Charleston incident
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nIn 1832, South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, a procedure by which a state could, in effect, repeal a federal law; it was directed against the most recent tariff acts. Soon, federal soldiers were dispensed to Charleston's forts, and five United States Coast Guard cutte...
573053c88ab72b1400f9c468
A compromise law from the state politicans achieved what?
in Washington to gradually reduce the tariffs
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nIn 1832, South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, a procedure by which a state could, in effect, repeal a federal law; it was directed against the most recent tariff acts. Soon, federal soldiers were dispensed to Charleston's forts, and five United States Coast Guard cutte...
573054fb396df91900096088
What industry depended on the port of Charleston?
The slave trade
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ...
573054fb396df91900096089
Where was fresh food sold daily in Charleston in 1840?
the Market Hall and Sheds
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ...
573054fb396df9190009608a
What year did the legal importation of slaves end?
1808
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ...
573054fb396df9190009608b
The region where cotton plantations were developed was known as what?
Black Belt
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ...
573054fb396df9190009608c
In what era did one million slaves get trade throughout the South?
in the antebellum years
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nBy 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ...
5730564e396df91900096092
What percentage of those elected from 1868 to 1876 were Freemen?
26%
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter the defeat of the Confederacy, federal forces remained in Charleston during the city's reconstruction. The war had shattered the prosperity of the antebellum city. Freed slaves were faced with poverty and discrimination, but a large community of free people of color had been wel...
5730564e396df91900096093
Freeman became the leaders of what party in Charleston?
postwar Republican Party
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter the defeat of the Confederacy, federal forces remained in Charleston during the city's reconstruction. The war had shattered the prosperity of the antebellum city. Freed slaves were faced with poverty and discrimination, but a large community of free people of color had been wel...
5730564e396df91900096094
What else did freed slaves face in postwar Charleston besides discrimination?
poverty
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter the defeat of the Confederacy, federal forces remained in Charleston during the city's reconstruction. The war had shattered the prosperity of the antebellum city. Freed slaves were faced with poverty and discrimination, but a large community of free people of color had been wel...
5730564e396df91900096095
For what did the Federal forces remain in Charleston?
city's reconstruction
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter the defeat of the Confederacy, federal forces remained in Charleston during the city's reconstruction. The war had shattered the prosperity of the antebellum city. Freed slaves were faced with poverty and discrimination, but a large community of free people of color had been wel...
5730564e396df91900096096
Which side was defeated in the war before Reconstruction?
Confederacy
[ "Charleston,_South_Carolina\n\nAfter the defeat of the Confederacy, federal forces remained in Charleston during the city's reconstruction. The war had shattered the prosperity of the antebellum city. Freed slaves were faced with poverty and discrimination, but a large community of free people of color had been wel...
572e8b8fc246551400ce4320
What was the beginning date of the aerial raids on Great Britain?
7 September 1940
[ "The_Blitz\n\nBetween 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941, 16 British cities suffered aerial raids with at least 100 long tons of high explosives. Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull th...
572e8b8fc246551400ce4321
How many days did the aerial raids on Great Britain last?
267 days
[ "The_Blitz\n\nBetween 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941, 16 British cities suffered aerial raids with at least 100 long tons of high explosives. Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull th...
572e8b8fc246551400ce4322
How many times was London attacked?
71 times
[ "The_Blitz\n\nBetween 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941, 16 British cities suffered aerial raids with at least 100 long tons of high explosives. Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull th...
572e8b8fc246551400ce4323
Who was the UK Prime Minster at the time of the aerial raids?
Winston Churchill
[ "The_Blitz\n\nBetween 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941, 16 British cities suffered aerial raids with at least 100 long tons of high explosives. Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull th...
572e8b8fc246551400ce4324
What city did Winston Churchill bomb in retaliation for the killing of civilians?
Berlin
[ "The_Blitz\n\nBetween 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941, 16 British cities suffered aerial raids with at least 100 long tons of high explosives. Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull th...
572e8d9adfa6aa1500f8d115
How many nights did the Luftwaffe bomb London?
57 consecutive nights
[ "The_Blitz\n\nFrom 7 September 1940, one year into the war, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 57 consecutive nights. More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, almost half of them in London. Ports and industrial centres outside London were also att...
572e8d9adfa6aa1500f8d116
What north sea port was the secondary target for bombers that could not find their primary target?
Sea port of Hull
[ "The_Blitz\n\nFrom 7 September 1940, one year into the war, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 57 consecutive nights. More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, almost half of them in London. Ports and industrial centres outside London were also att...
572e8d9adfa6aa1500f8d117
How many homes in London were destroyed in London?
More than one million
[ "The_Blitz\n\nFrom 7 September 1940, one year into the war, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 57 consecutive nights. More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, almost half of them in London. Ports and industrial centres outside London were also att...
572e8d9adfa6aa1500f8d118
How many people were killed in Liverpool?
nearly 4,000 deaths
[ "The_Blitz\n\nFrom 7 September 1940, one year into the war, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 57 consecutive nights. More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, almost half of them in London. Ports and industrial centres outside London were also att...
572e8d9adfa6aa1500f8d119
Which city centre was destroyed?
Coventry
[ "The_Blitz\n\nFrom 7 September 1940, one year into the war, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 57 consecutive nights. More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, almost half of them in London. Ports and industrial centres outside London were also att...
572edc20c246551400ce474a
What was the name of the Luftwaffe plan to invade Britain?
Operation Sea Lion
[ "The_Blitz\n\nThe bombing failed to demoralise the British into surrender or significantly damage the war economy. The eight months of bombing never seriously hampered British production and the war industries continued to operate and expand. The Blitz was only authorised when the Luftwaffe had failed to meet preco...
572edc20c246551400ce474b
How many people died in the bombing of Hamburg?
42,000
[ "The_Blitz\n\nThe bombing failed to demoralise the British into surrender or significantly damage the war economy. The eight months of bombing never seriously hampered British production and the war industries continued to operate and expand. The Blitz was only authorised when the Luftwaffe had failed to meet preco...
572edc20c246551400ce474c
What was the date of the bombing of Hamburg?
July 1943
[ "The_Blitz\n\nThe bombing failed to demoralise the British into surrender or significantly damage the war economy. The eight months of bombing never seriously hampered British production and the war industries continued to operate and expand. The Blitz was only authorised when the Luftwaffe had failed to meet preco...
572edc20c246551400ce474d
Who was the leader of the Luftwaffe?
Hitler
[ "The_Blitz\n\nThe bombing failed to demoralise the British into surrender or significantly damage the war economy. The eight months of bombing never seriously hampered British production and the war industries continued to operate and expand. The Blitz was only authorised when the Luftwaffe had failed to meet preco...
572eddf0cb0c0d14000f1640
In the 1920's and 30's to theorist thought wars could be won by air forces what were their names?
Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn the 1920s and 1930s, air power theorists Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell espoused the idea that air forces could win wars by themselves, without a need for land and sea fighting. It was thought there was no defence against air attack, particularly at night. Enemy industry, their seats of governmen...
572eddf0cb0c0d14000f1641
Bombing of civilian's was believed to cause what?
collapse of civilian will
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn the 1920s and 1930s, air power theorists Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell espoused the idea that air forces could win wars by themselves, without a need for land and sea fighting. It was thought there was no defence against air attack, particularly at night. Enemy industry, their seats of governmen...
572eddf0cb0c0d14000f1642
What kind of populace was believed to be most vulnerable?
Democracies
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn the 1920s and 1930s, air power theorists Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell espoused the idea that air forces could win wars by themselves, without a need for land and sea fighting. It was thought there was no defence against air attack, particularly at night. Enemy industry, their seats of governmen...
572eddf0cb0c0d14000f1643
What does USAAC stand for?
United States Army Air Corps
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn the 1920s and 1930s, air power theorists Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell espoused the idea that air forces could win wars by themselves, without a need for land and sea fighting. It was thought there was no defence against air attack, particularly at night. Enemy industry, their seats of governmen...
572eddf0cb0c0d14000f1644
What kind of bombing raids were most favored?
night
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn the 1920s and 1930s, air power theorists Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell espoused the idea that air forces could win wars by themselves, without a need for land and sea fighting. It was thought there was no defence against air attack, particularly at night. Enemy industry, their seats of governmen...
572edf54dfa6aa1500f8d489
Who believe air power alone would not be decisive?
Luftwaffe
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWithin the Luftwaffe, there was a more muted view of strategic bombing. The OKL did not oppose the strategic bombardment of enemy industries and or cities, and believed it could greatly affect the balance of power on the battlefield in Germany's favour by disrupting production and damaging civilian mo...
572edf54dfa6aa1500f8d48a
What was the name of the Luftwaffe's bombing raids?
terror bombing
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWithin the Luftwaffe, there was a more muted view of strategic bombing. The OKL did not oppose the strategic bombardment of enemy industries and or cities, and believed it could greatly affect the balance of power on the battlefield in Germany's favour by disrupting production and damaging civilian mo...
572edf54dfa6aa1500f8d48b
What year did the terror bombing policy become official?
1942
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWithin the Luftwaffe, there was a more muted view of strategic bombing. The OKL did not oppose the strategic bombardment of enemy industries and or cities, and believed it could greatly affect the balance of power on the battlefield in Germany's favour by disrupting production and damaging civilian mo...
572f58c5b2c2fd1400568053
Who said the Luftwaffe General Staff should be taught grand strategy?
Wever
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWever argued that the Luftwaffe General Staff should not be solely educated in tactical and operational matters. He argued they should be educated in grand strategy, war economics, armament production, and the mentality of potential opponents (also known as mirror imaging). Wever's vision was not real...
572f58c5b2c2fd1400568054
What is the mentality of potential opponents also known as?
mirror imaging
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWever argued that the Luftwaffe General Staff should not be solely educated in tactical and operational matters. He argued they should be educated in grand strategy, war economics, armament production, and the mentality of potential opponents (also known as mirror imaging). Wever's vision was not real...
572f58c5b2c2fd1400568055
What did the Air Academies not focus on?
independent strategic air offensives
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWever argued that the Luftwaffe General Staff should not be solely educated in tactical and operational matters. He argued they should be educated in grand strategy, war economics, armament production, and the mentality of potential opponents (also known as mirror imaging). Wever's vision was not real...
572f58c5b2c2fd1400568056
What army does the general staff belong to?
the Luftwaffe
[ "The_Blitz\n\nWever argued that the Luftwaffe General Staff should not be solely educated in tactical and operational matters. He argued they should be educated in grand strategy, war economics, armament production, and the mentality of potential opponents (also known as mirror imaging). Wever's vision was not real...
572f5af4947a6a140053c8b4
How did Wever die?
air crash
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close a...
572f5af4947a6a140053c8b5
What year did Wever die?
1936
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close a...
572f5af4947a6a140053c8b6
Who took over for Wever after his death?
Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close a...
572f5af4947a6a140053c8b7
What two men were the most important in ground support?
Hugo Sperrle and Hans Jeschonnek
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close a...
572f5af4947a6a140053c8b8
What long time careers were Sperrle and Jeschonnek involved in?
German air services
[ "The_Blitz\n\nIn 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close a...
572f5d5eb2c2fd1400568081
What year was the beginning of enemy bombing first promoted by Hitler?
1930s
[ "The_Blitz\n\nAdolf Hitler failed to pay as much attention to bombing the enemy as he did to protection from enemy bombing, although he had promoted the development of a bomber force in the 1930s and understood that it was possible to use bombers for major strategic purposes. He told the OKL in 1939 that ruthless e...
572f5d5eb2c2fd1400568082
Who had skepticism towards strategic bombing?
Adolf Hitler
[ "The_Blitz\n\nAdolf Hitler failed to pay as much attention to bombing the enemy as he did to protection from enemy bombing, although he had promoted the development of a bomber force in the 1930s and understood that it was possible to use bombers for major strategic purposes. He told the OKL in 1939 that ruthless e...
572f5d5eb2c2fd1400568083
Why did Hitler feel bombing wasn't working?
inability to damage industries
[ "The_Blitz\n\nAdolf Hitler failed to pay as much attention to bombing the enemy as he did to protection from enemy bombing, although he had promoted the development of a bomber force in the 1930s and understood that it was possible to use bombers for major strategic purposes. He told the OKL in 1939 that ruthless e...
572f5d5eb2c2fd1400568084
In 1939 Hitler said bombing of Britain would begin when?
the moment was right
[ "The_Blitz\n\nAdolf Hitler failed to pay as much attention to bombing the enemy as he did to protection from enemy bombing, although he had promoted the development of a bomber force in the 1930s and understood that it was possible to use bombers for major strategic purposes. He told the OKL in 1939 that ruthless e...