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572ece1adfa6aa1500f8d3f0
Which mountain in Washington receives the most amount of snowfall?
Mount Rainier
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOn average, the mountains of the western states receive the highest levels of snowfall on Earth. The greatest annual snowfall level is at Mount Rainier in Washington, at 692 inches (1,758 cm); the record there was 1,122 inches (2,850 cm) in the winter of 1971–72. This record was b...
572ece1adfa6aa1500f8d3f1
What is the record amount of snowfall at Mount Rainer?
1,122 inches
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOn average, the mountains of the western states receive the highest levels of snowfall on Earth. The greatest annual snowfall level is at Mount Rainier in Washington, at 692 inches (1,758 cm); the record there was 1,122 inches (2,850 cm) in the winter of 1971–72. This record was b...
572ece1adfa6aa1500f8d3f2
In what year did Mount Rainer receive a record amount of snowfall?
1998-99
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOn average, the mountains of the western states receive the highest levels of snowfall on Earth. The greatest annual snowfall level is at Mount Rainier in Washington, at 692 inches (1,758 cm); the record there was 1,122 inches (2,850 cm) in the winter of 1971–72. This record was b...
572ece1adfa6aa1500f8d3f3
The Sierra Nevadas are located near which lake?
Lake Tahoe
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOn average, the mountains of the western states receive the highest levels of snowfall on Earth. The greatest annual snowfall level is at Mount Rainier in Washington, at 692 inches (1,758 cm); the record there was 1,122 inches (2,850 cm) in the winter of 1971–72. This record was b...
572ecf3bcb0c0d14000f15be
Which regions in the East receives the most amount of snowfall?
Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn the east, while snowfall does not approach western levels, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Wash...
572ecf3bcb0c0d14000f15bf
Which region of the US receives the most amount of rainfall?
northwestern Pacific coast
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn the east, while snowfall does not approach western levels, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Wash...
572ecf3bcb0c0d14000f15c0
What is the average amount of rainfall that the Quinault rainforest in Washington receives?
137 inches
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn the east, while snowfall does not approach western levels, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Wash...
572ecf3bcb0c0d14000f15c1
Which state receives an average of 460 inches of rainfall per year?
Hawaii
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn the east, while snowfall does not approach western levels, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Wash...
572ecf3bcb0c0d14000f15c2
What is the name of the desert that is located in the driest region in the US?
Mojave Desert
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn the east, while snowfall does not approach western levels, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Wash...
572ed039c246551400ce46d6
Where are tornadoes most common on Earth?
central portions of the U.S.
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are more common than anywhere else on Earth and touch down most commonly in the spring and summer. Deadly and destructive hurricanes occur almost every year along the Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian region and th...
572ed039c246551400ce46d7
During which seasons are tornados most common?
spring and summer
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are more common than anywhere else on Earth and touch down most commonly in the spring and summer. Deadly and destructive hurricanes occur almost every year along the Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian region and th...
572ed039c246551400ce46d8
Which regions experience the worst flooding in the US?
Appalachian region and the Midwest
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are more common than anywhere else on Earth and touch down most commonly in the spring and summer. Deadly and destructive hurricanes occur almost every year along the Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian region and th...
572ed039c246551400ce46d9
Which region experiences the worst droughts in the US?
Southwest
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are more common than anywhere else on Earth and touch down most commonly in the spring and summer. Deadly and destructive hurricanes occur almost every year along the Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian region and th...
572ed039c246551400ce46da
What type of disasters affects the western US every year?
wildfires
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nIn central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are more common than anywhere else on Earth and touch down most commonly in the spring and summer. Deadly and destructive hurricanes occur almost every year along the Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian region and th...
572ed0fadfa6aa1500f8d3f9
The Great Mississippi occurred during what year?
1927
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOccasional severe flooding is experienced. There was the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the Great Flood of 1993, and widespread flooding and mudslides caused by the 1982-1983 El Niño event in the western United States. Localized flooding can, however, occur anywhere, and mudslid...
572ed0fadfa6aa1500f8d3fa
What fuels wildfires and causes them to spread in the west?
desert shrub
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOccasional severe flooding is experienced. There was the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the Great Flood of 1993, and widespread flooding and mudslides caused by the 1982-1983 El Niño event in the western United States. Localized flooding can, however, occur anywhere, and mudslid...
572ed0fadfa6aa1500f8d3fb
What type of storms can cause most activity to stop?
Nor'Easter snowstorms
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOccasional severe flooding is experienced. There was the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the Great Flood of 1993, and widespread flooding and mudslides caused by the 1982-1983 El Niño event in the western United States. Localized flooding can, however, occur anywhere, and mudslid...
572ed0fadfa6aa1500f8d3fc
What is the name of the event that caused major flooding in the western US?
El Niño
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nOccasional severe flooding is experienced. There was the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the Great Flood of 1993, and widespread flooding and mudslides caused by the 1982-1983 El Niño event in the western United States. Localized flooding can, however, occur anywhere, and mudslid...
572ed29703f9891900756a53
What is the area in the pacific known for heavy volcanic activity?
Pacific Ring of Fire
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nThe West Coast of the continental United States and areas of Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands, the Alaskan Peninsula and southern Alaskan coast) make up part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of heavy tectonic and volcanic activity that is the source of 90% of the world's...
572ed29703f9891900756a54
The Pacific Ring of Fire contains what percentage of the earthquakes on Earth?
90%
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nThe West Coast of the continental United States and areas of Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands, the Alaskan Peninsula and southern Alaskan coast) make up part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of heavy tectonic and volcanic activity that is the source of 90% of the world's...
572ed29703f9891900756a55
Which Hawaiin volcano has been erupting since 1983?
Kilauea
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nThe West Coast of the continental United States and areas of Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands, the Alaskan Peninsula and southern Alaskan coast) make up part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of heavy tectonic and volcanic activity that is the source of 90% of the world's...
572ed29703f9891900756a56
When was the last time that the Hawaiin islands experienced a life threatening volcanic eruption?
17th century
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nThe West Coast of the continental United States and areas of Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands, the Alaskan Peninsula and southern Alaskan coast) make up part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of heavy tectonic and volcanic activity that is the source of 90% of the world's...
572ed29703f9891900756a57
What year did Mt St. Helens erupt causing devastating damage?
1980
[ "Geography_of_the_United_States\n\nThe West Coast of the continental United States and areas of Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands, the Alaskan Peninsula and southern Alaskan coast) make up part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of heavy tectonic and volcanic activity that is the source of 90% of the world's...
572ec5f7cb0c0d14000f1536
When did Audio CDs become available for purchase?
1982
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCompact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R),...
572ec5f7cb0c0d14000f1537
What does CD stand for?
Compact Disc
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCompact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R),...
572ec5f7cb0c0d14000f1539
What were CD's originally created to store?
sound recordings
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCompact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R),...
572f5fe6947a6a140053c8db
What does SVCD stand for?
Super Video Compact Disc
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCompact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R),...
572f5fe6947a6a140053c8dc
In what year were compact discs realesed for purchase?
1982
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCompact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R),...
572f5fe6947a6a140053c8de
What was the original intended format for CDs?
data storage
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCompact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format. The format was originally developed to store and play only sound recordings but was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R),...
572ec816c246551400ce4656
In what year were digital and physical music sales the same?
2014
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. CDs are increasingly being replaced by other forms of digital storage and distribution, with the result that audio CD sales rates in the U.S. have dropped about...
572ec816c246551400ce4657
How many CDs had been distrubuted worldwide by 2007?
200 billion
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. CDs are increasingly being replaced by other forms of digital storage and distribution, with the result that audio CD sales rates in the U.S. have dropped about...
572ec816c246551400ce4658
What percent decrease did audio CD sales experience?
50%
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. CDs are increasingly being replaced by other forms of digital storage and distribution, with the result that audio CD sales rates in the U.S. have dropped about...
572f6096b2c2fd140056808c
How many CDs had been distrubuted around the world by 2007?
200 billion
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. CDs are increasingly being replaced by other forms of digital storage and distribution, with the result that audio CD sales rates in the U.S. have dropped about...
572f6096b2c2fd140056808d
In 2004 how many CDs had been sold around the world?
30 billion
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. CDs are increasingly being replaced by other forms of digital storage and distribution, with the result that audio CD sales rates in the U.S. have dropped about...
572ec92bdfa6aa1500f8d3b5
Who created Compact Disc prototypes in the 1970s?
Philips and Sony
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572ec92bdfa6aa1500f8d3b6
How lond did the creation of Red Book CD-DA standard take?
a year
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572ec92bdfa6aa1500f8d3b8
How many CD players were sold in the United States in their first year?
400,000
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572f6c84b2c2fd1400568101
What did the CD evolve from?
LaserDisc
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572f6c84b2c2fd1400568102
What made it possible for CDs to be played on any companies CD player?
unified design
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572f6c84b2c2fd1400568103
To what does the compact disc owe its prosperity?
cooperation between Philips and Sony
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572f6c84b2c2fd1400568104
What year did CD players become available for purchase?
1982
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology, where a focused laser beam is used that enables the high information density required for high-quality digital audio signals. Prototypes were developed by Philips and Sony independently in the late 1970s. In 1979, Sony and Philips set up a j...
572ecc7bdfa6aa1500f8d3d3
In what year did Philips institute a laboratory to create a digital audio disc?
1977
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 1974, L. Ottens, director of the audio division of Philips, started a small group with the aim to develop an analog optical audio disc with a diameter of 20 cm and a sound quality superior to that of the vinyl record. However, due to the unsatisfactory performance of the analog format, two Phili...
572ecc7bdfa6aa1500f8d3d4
What was the proposed diameter for the original compact disc?
11.5 cm
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 1974, L. Ottens, director of the audio division of Philips, started a small group with the aim to develop an analog optical audio disc with a diameter of 20 cm and a sound quality superior to that of the vinyl record. However, due to the unsatisfactory performance of the analog format, two Phili...
572ecc7bdfa6aa1500f8d3d5
What year did Philips propse the idea of a digital audio format?
1974
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 1974, L. Ottens, director of the audio division of Philips, started a small group with the aim to develop an analog optical audio disc with a diameter of 20 cm and a sound quality superior to that of the vinyl record. However, due to the unsatisfactory performance of the analog format, two Phili...
572ecc7bdfa6aa1500f8d3d6
Who was the director of the Philips audio division in 1974?
L. Ottens
[ "Compact_disc\n\nIn 1974, L. Ottens, director of the audio division of Philips, started a small group with the aim to develop an analog optical audio disc with a diameter of 20 cm and a sound quality superior to that of the vinyl record. However, due to the unsatisfactory performance of the analog format, two Phili...
572ecf7acb0c0d14000f15c8
Where was the 62nd AES Convention held?
Brussels
[ "Compact_disc\n\nHeitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After...
572ecf7bcb0c0d14000f15c9
Who was the general manger of Sony's audio department in 1971?
Heitaro Nakajima
[ "Compact_disc\n\nHeitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After...
572ecf7bcb0c0d14000f15ca
What year did Sony first exhibit the use of an optical digital audio disc?
1976
[ "Compact_disc\n\nHeitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After...
572ecf7bcb0c0d14000f15cc
Where was the Philips Introduce Compact disc conference held?
Eindhoven, Netherlands
[ "Compact_disc\n\nHeitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After...
572f62b404bcaa1900d768b5
What did Nakajima's team use to create a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder?
Betamax video recorder
[ "Compact_disc\n\nHeitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After...
572f62b404bcaa1900d768b9
When did Sony release it's AES technical paper?
1 March 1979
[ "Compact_disc\n\nHeitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After...
572ed1a3dfa6aa1500f8d401
In what year did Sony and Philips band together to design a new digital audio disc?
1979
[ "Compact_disc\n\nAs a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by engineers Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi, the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force ...
572ed1a3dfa6aa1500f8d402
What year was the Red Book CD-DA standard released?
1980
[ "Compact_disc\n\nAs a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by engineers Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi, the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force ...
572ed1a3dfa6aa1500f8d403
When did the IEC isntigate the Red Book CD-DA as an international standard?
1987
[ "Compact_disc\n\nAs a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by engineers Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi, the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force ...
572ed1a3dfa6aa1500f8d404
Who headed the 1979 Sony and Philips digital audio disc task force?
Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi
[ "Compact_disc\n\nAs a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by engineers Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi, the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force ...
572ed426dfa6aa1500f8d41b
Who first sold a million copies on CD?
Dire Straits
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the \"Big Bang\" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especia...
572ed426dfa6aa1500f8d41c
Which artist was the first to have their full catalogue converted to CD?
David Bowie
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the \"Big Bang\" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especia...
572ed426dfa6aa1500f8d41d
What year was the Dire Straits album Brothers in Arms released?
1985
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the \"Big Bang\" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especia...
572ed426dfa6aa1500f8d41f
How many CDs were mass produced in 1988?
400 million
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the \"Big Bang\" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especia...
572f63fc04bcaa1900d768cb
How many studio albums did David Bowie release in February 1985?
15
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the \"Big Bang\" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especia...
572ed6a6dfa6aa1500f8d439
What does ROM stand for?
read-only memory
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe CD was planned to be the successor of the gramophone record for playing music, rather than primarily as a data storage medium. From its origins as a musical format, CDs have grown to encompass other applications. In 1983, following the CD's introduction, Immink and Braat presented the first exp...
572ed6a6dfa6aa1500f8d43a
What year did Sony and Philips release CD-Recordable?
1990
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe CD was planned to be the successor of the gramophone record for playing music, rather than primarily as a data storage medium. From its origins as a musical format, CDs have grown to encompass other applications. In 1983, following the CD's introduction, Immink and Braat presented the first exp...
572ed6a6dfa6aa1500f8d43c
What year was the 73rd AES Convention?
1983
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe CD was planned to be the successor of the gramophone record for playing music, rather than primarily as a data storage medium. From its origins as a musical format, CDs have grown to encompass other applications. In 1983, following the CD's introduction, Immink and Braat presented the first exp...
572f6486b2c2fd14005680af
What was the CDs predecessor?
gramophone record
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe CD was planned to be the successor of the gramophone record for playing music, rather than primarily as a data storage medium. From its origins as a musical format, CDs have grown to encompass other applications. In 1983, following the CD's introduction, Immink and Braat presented the first exp...
572eda3ec246551400ce4727
What portion of music sales did CDs and DVDs account for in the United States as of 2012?
34 percent
[ "Compact_disc\n\nMeanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD s...
572eda3ec246551400ce4728
Which country attributes over 80 percent of its music sales to physical formats?
Japan
[ "Compact_disc\n\nMeanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD s...
572eda3ec246551400ce4729
How are MP3s compressed?
lossily-compressed
[ "Compact_disc\n\nMeanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD s...
572f657cb2c2fd14005680c4
When did CD sales experience their original decline?
2000s
[ "Compact_disc\n\nMeanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD s...
572f657cb2c2fd14005680c5
What has caused a decrease in CD sales?
Internet-based distribution of files
[ "Compact_disc\n\nMeanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD s...
572f6665a23a5019007fc5d7
How are CDs mass produced?
hydraulic press
[ "Compact_disc\n\nReplicated CDs are mass-produced initially using a hydraulic press. Small granules of heated raw polycarbonate plastic are fed into the press. A screw forces the liquefied plastic into the mold cavity. The mold closes with a metal stamper in contact with the disc surface. The plastic is allowed to ...
572f6665a23a5019007fc5d8
What type of material is used to make CDs?
raw polycarbonate plastic
[ "Compact_disc\n\nReplicated CDs are mass-produced initially using a hydraulic press. Small granules of heated raw polycarbonate plastic are fed into the press. A screw forces the liquefied plastic into the mold cavity. The mold closes with a metal stamper in contact with the disc surface. The plastic is allowed to ...
572f6665a23a5019007fc5d9
What size is the diameter of the center hole in a CD?
15 mm
[ "Compact_disc\n\nReplicated CDs are mass-produced initially using a hydraulic press. Small granules of heated raw polycarbonate plastic are fed into the press. A screw forces the liquefied plastic into the mold cavity. The mold closes with a metal stamper in contact with the disc surface. The plastic is allowed to ...
572f6665a23a5019007fc5da
How long does it take to stamp out one CD?
two to three seconds
[ "Compact_disc\n\nReplicated CDs are mass-produced initially using a hydraulic press. Small granules of heated raw polycarbonate plastic are fed into the press. A screw forces the liquefied plastic into the mold cavity. The mold closes with a metal stamper in contact with the disc surface. The plastic is allowed to ...
572f6665a23a5019007fc5db
What is the term for the center hole in a CD?
stacking ring
[ "Compact_disc\n\nReplicated CDs are mass-produced initially using a hydraulic press. Small granules of heated raw polycarbonate plastic are fed into the press. A screw forces the liquefied plastic into the mold cavity. The mold closes with a metal stamper in contact with the disc surface. The plastic is allowed to ...
572f671cb2c2fd14005680dd
What materials can be used to make the reflective layer on a CD?
usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThis method produces the clear plastic blank part of the disc. After a metallic reflecting layer (usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal) is applied to the clear blank substrate, the disc goes under a UV light for curing and it is ready to go to press. To prepare to press a CD, a glas...
572f671cb2c2fd14005680de
What type of light is used to cure CDs?
UV
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThis method produces the clear plastic blank part of the disc. After a metallic reflecting layer (usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal) is applied to the clear blank substrate, the disc goes under a UV light for curing and it is ready to go to press. To prepare to press a CD, a glas...
572f671cb2c2fd14005680df
What is a glass master?
positive image of the desired CD surface
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThis method produces the clear plastic blank part of the disc. After a metallic reflecting layer (usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal) is applied to the clear blank substrate, the disc goes under a UV light for curing and it is ready to go to press. To prepare to press a CD, a glas...
572f671cb2c2fd14005680e0
How are glass masters created?
high-powered laser
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThis method produces the clear plastic blank part of the disc. After a metallic reflecting layer (usually aluminium, but sometimes gold or other metal) is applied to the clear blank substrate, the disc goes under a UV light for curing and it is ready to go to press. To prepare to press a CD, a glas...
572f67c704bcaa1900d768e5
What is the term for a negative image of the glass master?
die
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe die is a negative image of the glass master: typically, several are made, depending on the number of pressing mills that are to make the CD. The die then goes into a press, and the physical image is transferred to the blank CD, leaving a final positive image on the disc. A small amount of lacqu...
572f67c704bcaa1900d768e6
How is the positive image on a CD protected?
lacquer
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe die is a negative image of the glass master: typically, several are made, depending on the number of pressing mills that are to make the CD. The die then goes into a press, and the physical image is transferred to the blank CD, leaving a final positive image on the disc. A small amount of lacqu...
572f67c704bcaa1900d768e7
How is lacquer distrubted on a CD?
rapid spinning
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe die is a negative image of the glass master: typically, several are made, depending on the number of pressing mills that are to make the CD. The die then goes into a press, and the physical image is transferred to the blank CD, leaving a final positive image on the disc. A small amount of lacqu...
572f68b3a23a5019007fc5e1
What is the priciest component of a CD?
jewel case
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe most expensive part of a CD is the jewel case. In 1995, material costs were 30 cents for the jewel case and 10 to 15 cents for the CD. Wholesale cost of CDs was $0.75 to $1.15, which retailed for $16.98. On average, the store received 35 percent of the retail price, the record company 27 percen...
572f68b3a23a5019007fc5e2
Why did the cost of audio music increase when the production costs decreased?
value increased
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe most expensive part of a CD is the jewel case. In 1995, material costs were 30 cents for the jewel case and 10 to 15 cents for the CD. Wholesale cost of CDs was $0.75 to $1.15, which retailed for $16.98. On average, the store received 35 percent of the retail price, the record company 27 percen...
572f68b3a23a5019007fc5e3
What did CDs retail for in 1995?
$16.98
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe most expensive part of a CD is the jewel case. In 1995, material costs were 30 cents for the jewel case and 10 to 15 cents for the CD. Wholesale cost of CDs was $0.75 to $1.15, which retailed for $16.98. On average, the store received 35 percent of the retail price, the record company 27 percen...
572f68b3a23a5019007fc5e4
Who received the most profit from the sale of CDs?
the store
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe most expensive part of a CD is the jewel case. In 1995, material costs were 30 cents for the jewel case and 10 to 15 cents for the CD. Wholesale cost of CDs was $0.75 to $1.15, which retailed for $16.98. On average, the store received 35 percent of the retail price, the record company 27 percen...
572f68b3a23a5019007fc5e5
How much did a jewel case cost in 1995?
30 cents
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe most expensive part of a CD is the jewel case. In 1995, material costs were 30 cents for the jewel case and 10 to 15 cents for the CD. Wholesale cost of CDs was $0.75 to $1.15, which retailed for $16.98. On average, the store received 35 percent of the retail price, the record company 27 percen...
572f696704bcaa1900d768fd
How long are CDs expected to last?
20 to 100 years
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCD-R recordings are designed to be permanent. Over time, the dye's physical characteristics may change causing read errors and data loss until the reading device cannot recover with error correction methods. The design life is from 20 to 100 years, depending on the quality of the discs, the quality...
572f696704bcaa1900d768fe
What can cause sudden disc degradation?
disc rot
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCD-R recordings are designed to be permanent. Over time, the dye's physical characteristics may change causing read errors and data loss until the reading device cannot recover with error correction methods. The design life is from 20 to 100 years, depending on the quality of the discs, the quality...
572f696704bcaa1900d768ff
Are CDs meant for permanent or temporary use?
permanent
[ "Compact_disc\n\nCD-R recordings are designed to be permanent. Over time, the dye's physical characteristics may change causing read errors and data loss until the reading device cannot recover with error correction methods. The design life is from 20 to 100 years, depending on the quality of the discs, the quality...
572f6a6504bcaa1900d76903
What does SCMS stand for?
Serial Copy Management System
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which will not (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the Unit...
572f6a6504bcaa1900d76904
What does DRM stand for?
digital rights management
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which will not (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the Unit...
572f6a6504bcaa1900d76905
What does AHRA stand for?
Audio Home Recording Act
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which will not (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the Unit...
572f6a6504bcaa1900d76906
What type of CD is intended to be used in a Consumer audio CD Recorder?
ReWritable Audio CD
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which will not (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the Unit...
572f6a6504bcaa1900d76907
Which is less expensive, the ReWritable Audio CD or a CD-RW?
CD-RW
[ "Compact_disc\n\nThe ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which will not (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the Unit...
572f6b14a23a5019007fc5f3
How fast could the first ReWritable CD be written?
4x speed
[ "Compact_disc\n\nDue to technical limitations, the original ReWritable CD could be written no faster than 4x speed. High Speed ReWritable CD has a different design, which permits writing at speeds ranging from 4x to 12x. Original CD-RW drives can only write to original ReWritable CDs. High Speed CD-RW drives can ty...
572f6b14a23a5019007fc5f4
Which CD has writing speeds betwen 4x and 12x?
High Speed ReWritable CD
[ "Compact_disc\n\nDue to technical limitations, the original ReWritable CD could be written no faster than 4x speed. High Speed ReWritable CD has a different design, which permits writing at speeds ranging from 4x to 12x. Original CD-RW drives can only write to original ReWritable CDs. High Speed CD-RW drives can ty...
572f6b14a23a5019007fc5f5
How fast can Ultra Speed+ CDs write?
32x
[ "Compact_disc\n\nDue to technical limitations, the original ReWritable CD could be written no faster than 4x speed. High Speed ReWritable CD has a different design, which permits writing at speeds ranging from 4x to 12x. Original CD-RW drives can only write to original ReWritable CDs. High Speed CD-RW drives can ty...
572f6b14a23a5019007fc5f6
How fast can Ultra Speed CDs write?
16x to 24x
[ "Compact_disc\n\nDue to technical limitations, the original ReWritable CD could be written no faster than 4x speed. High Speed ReWritable CD has a different design, which permits writing at speeds ranging from 4x to 12x. Original CD-RW drives can only write to original ReWritable CDs. High Speed CD-RW drives can ty...
572f6eacb2c2fd1400568109
Where is the semiconductor laser found in a CD player?
on a swing arm
[ "Compact_disc\n\nA CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with ...
572f6eacb2c2fd140056810a
What wavelenght is used to pull data from a CD?
780 nm
[ "Compact_disc\n\nA CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with ...