Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
572f466bb2c2fd1400567fbd	What creations brought in the modern industrial economy?	transportation and communication infrastructure	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antit...
572f466bb2c2fd1400567fbe	What became the dominant form of business organization?	the corporation	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antit...
572f466bb2c2fd1400567fbf	What transformed business organization in 1890?	managerial revolution	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antit...
572f466bb2c2fd1400567fc0	The Sherman Antitrust Act is the source of what?	all American anti-monopoly laws.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antit...
572f466bb2c2fd1400567fc1	What was he Standard Oil Group determined to be by the courts?	an "unreasonable" monopoly	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antit...
572f47a7a23a5019007fc4f7	When did modern physics arise?	early 20th century	[ "Modern_history\n\nReplacing the classical physics in use since the end of the scientific revolution, modern physics arose in the early 20th century with the advent of quantum physics, substituting mathematical studies for experimental studies and examining equations to build a theoretical structure.[citation neede...
572f47a7a23a5019007fc4f8	What is the old Quantum theory?	a collection of results which predate modern quantum mechanics, but were never complete or self-consistent.	[ "Modern_history\n\nReplacing the classical physics in use since the end of the scientific revolution, modern physics arose in the early 20th century with the advent of quantum physics, substituting mathematical studies for experimental studies and examining equations to build a theoretical structure.[citation neede...
572f47a7a23a5019007fc4f9	The "fifth element" was disproved by what?	Michelson-Morley experiment	[ "Modern_history\n\nReplacing the classical physics in use since the end of the scientific revolution, modern physics arose in the early 20th century with the advent of quantum physics, substituting mathematical studies for experimental studies and examining equations to build a theoretical structure.[citation neede...
572f47a7a23a5019007fc4fa	What is the Michelson-Morley experiment?	an attempt to detect the motion of earth through the aether	[ "Modern_history\n\nReplacing the classical physics in use since the end of the scientific revolution, modern physics arose in the early 20th century with the advent of quantum physics, substituting mathematical studies for experimental studies and examining equations to build a theoretical structure.[citation neede...
572f47a7a23a5019007fc4fb	What does Darwinism promote?	the theory of natural selection.	[ "Modern_history\n\nReplacing the classical physics in use since the end of the scientific revolution, modern physics arose in the early 20th century with the advent of quantum physics, substituting mathematical studies for experimental studies and examining equations to build a theoretical structure.[citation neede...
572f494104bcaa1900d7680d	Why did Chinese philosophy begin to mix with western concepts?	as steps toward modernization	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. ...
572f494104bcaa1900d7680e	When did the Xinhai Revolution begin?	1911	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. ...
572f494104bcaa1900d7680f	What is the May Forth Movement?	to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. ...
572f494104bcaa1900d76810	What did Marxist-Leninst add to Chinese philosophy?	Marxist-Leninist thought	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. ...
572f494104bcaa1900d76811	During what event was Legalism abolished?	the Cultural Revolution	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. ...
572f4dbdb2c2fd1400567ff7	When was the enlightenment of spiritual philosophy challenged?	in various quarters around the 1900s.	[ "Modern_history\n\nStarting one-hundred years before the 20th century, the enlightenment spiritual philosophy was challenged in various quarters around the 1900s. Developed from earlier secular traditions, modern Humanist ethical philosophies affirmed the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to det...
572f4dbdb2c2fd1400567ff8	What were Humanist ethical philosophy's developed from?	earlier secular traditions	[ "Modern_history\n\nStarting one-hundred years before the 20th century, the enlightenment spiritual philosophy was challenged in various quarters around the 1900s. Developed from earlier secular traditions, modern Humanist ethical philosophies affirmed the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to det...
572f4dbdb2c2fd1400567ff9	Why did Kari Marx criticize Humanist Philosophy's?	it to be symptomatic of the very dehumanization it was supposed to oppose	[ "Modern_history\n\nStarting one-hundred years before the 20th century, the enlightenment spiritual philosophy was challenged in various quarters around the 1900s. Developed from earlier secular traditions, modern Humanist ethical philosophies affirmed the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to det...
572f4dbdb2c2fd1400567ffa	What did Friedrinch Netzsche consider Humanism to be?	a secular version of theism	[ "Modern_history\n\nStarting one-hundred years before the 20th century, the enlightenment spiritual philosophy was challenged in various quarters around the 1900s. Developed from earlier secular traditions, modern Humanist ethical philosophies affirmed the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to det...
572f4dbdb2c2fd1400567ffb	Why does Friedrinch Netzsche believe human rights exist?	as a means for the weak to collectively constrain the strong.	[ "Modern_history\n\nStarting one-hundred years before the 20th century, the enlightenment spiritual philosophy was challenged in various quarters around the 1900s. Developed from earlier secular traditions, modern Humanist ethical philosophies affirmed the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to det...
572f4f3304bcaa1900d76831	What is Albert Einstein known for?	his theories of special relativity and general relativity	[ "Modern_history\n\nAlbert Einstein is known for his theories of special relativity and general relativity. He also made important contributions to statistical mechanics, especially his mathematical treatment of Brownian motion, his resolution of the paradox of specific heats, and his connection of fluctuations and ...
572f4f3304bcaa1900d76832	What did Einstein add to the Brownman Motion?	mathematical treatment	[ "Modern_history\n\nAlbert Einstein is known for his theories of special relativity and general relativity. He also made important contributions to statistical mechanics, especially his mathematical treatment of Brownian motion, his resolution of the paradox of specific heats, and his connection of fluctuations and ...
572f4f3304bcaa1900d76833	What did Einstein discover a resolution to?	the paradox of specific heats	[ "Modern_history\n\nAlbert Einstein is known for his theories of special relativity and general relativity. He also made important contributions to statistical mechanics, especially his mathematical treatment of Brownian motion, his resolution of the paradox of specific heats, and his connection of fluctuations and ...
572f4f3304bcaa1900d76834	What theory did Einstein have reservations about?	quantum field theory	[ "Modern_history\n\nAlbert Einstein is known for his theories of special relativity and general relativity. He also made important contributions to statistical mechanics, especially his mathematical treatment of Brownian motion, his resolution of the paradox of specific heats, and his connection of fluctuations and ...
572f527db2c2fd140056801d	What is the federation of Australia?	six separate British self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed one nation.	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1901, the Federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed one nation. They kept the systems of government that they had developed as separate colon...
572f527db2c2fd140056801e	What was the federal Government responsible for?	matters concerning the whole nation.	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1901, the Federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed one nation. They kept the systems of government that they had developed as separate colon...
572f527db2c2fd140056801f	When did the colonies collectively become a part of the Commonwealth of Australia?	When the Constitution of Australia came into force	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1901, the Federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed one nation. They kept the systems of government that they had developed as separate colon...
572f538ca23a5019007fc53f	What were the last days of the Qing dynasty marked by?	civil unrest and foreign invasions.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe last days of the Qing Dynasty were marked by civil unrest and foreign invasions. Responding to these civil failures and discontent, the Qing Imperial Court did attempt to reform the government in various ways, such as the decision to draft a constitution in 1906, the establishment of provinci...
572f538ca23a5019007fc540	What did the Qing dynasty attempt to do n the face of civil unrest?	attempt to reform the government in various	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe last days of the Qing Dynasty were marked by civil unrest and foreign invasions. Responding to these civil failures and discontent, the Qing Imperial Court did attempt to reform the government in various ways, such as the decision to draft a constitution in 1906, the establishment of provinci...
572f538ca23a5019007fc541	What happened to The reformers in the Qing dynasty?	either imprisoned or executed outright.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe last days of the Qing Dynasty were marked by civil unrest and foreign invasions. Responding to these civil failures and discontent, the Qing Imperial Court did attempt to reform the government in various ways, such as the decision to draft a constitution in 1906, the establishment of provinci...
572f538ca23a5019007fc542	What caused the revolution against the Qing dynasty?	failures of the Imperial Court to enact such reforming measures of political liberalization and modernization	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe last days of the Qing Dynasty were marked by civil unrest and foreign invasions. Responding to these civil failures and discontent, the Qing Imperial Court did attempt to reform the government in various ways, such as the decision to draft a constitution in 1906, the establishment of provinci...
572f54dba23a5019007fc551	When was the Republic of China established?	1912	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent ci...
572f54dba23a5019007fc552	Who was Inaugurated in Nanjing as the first provisional president?	Sun Yat-sen	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent ci...
572f54dba23a5019007fc553	Who had control of the Beiyang army?	Yuan Shikai	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent ci...
572f54dba23a5019007fc554	What did China agree to avoid the undermining of the Republic?	agreed to Army's demand that China be united under a Beijing government.	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent ci...
572f54dba23a5019007fc555	Who was sworn in as the second provisional president of the republic of China?	Beijing, Shikai	[ "Modern_history\n\nIn 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent ci...
572f56ddb2c2fd1400568049	What happened to China after the 20th century revolutions?	shifting alliances of China's regional warlords waged war for control of the Beijing government.	[ "Modern_history\n\nAfter the early 20th century revolutions, shifting alliances of China's regional warlords waged war for control of the Beijing government. Despite the fact that various warlords gained control of the government in Beijing during the warlord era, this did not constitute a new era of control or gov...
572f56ddb2c2fd140056804a	Who ultimately gained control of the Beijing government?	various warlords	[ "Modern_history\n\nAfter the early 20th century revolutions, shifting alliances of China's regional warlords waged war for control of the Beijing government. Despite the fact that various warlords gained control of the government in Beijing during the warlord era, this did not constitute a new era of control or gov...
572f56ddb2c2fd140056804b	Why was there not a new era of governance in Beijing?	because other warlords did not acknowledge the transitory governments in this period and were a law unto themselves.	[ "Modern_history\n\nAfter the early 20th century revolutions, shifting alliances of China's regional warlords waged war for control of the Beijing government. Despite the fact that various warlords gained control of the government in Beijing during the warlord era, this did not constitute a new era of control or gov...
572f56ddb2c2fd140056804c	What were the military dominated governments known as?	the Beiyang government	[ "Modern_history\n\nAfter the early 20th century revolutions, shifting alliances of China's regional warlords waged war for control of the Beijing government. Despite the fact that various warlords gained control of the government in Beijing during the warlord era, this did not constitute a new era of control or gov...
572f56ddb2c2fd140056804d	When did the warlord era end?	around 1927	[ "Modern_history\n\nAfter the early 20th century revolutions, shifting alliances of China's regional warlords waged war for control of the Beijing government. Despite the fact that various warlords gained control of the government in Beijing during the warlord era, this did not constitute a new era of control or gov...
572f588204bcaa1900d76877	When dd the Russo-Japanese war take place?	Four years into the 20th century	[ "Modern_history\n\nFour years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of t...
572f588204bcaa1900d76878	What did the battle of Port Arthur establish?	the Empire of Japan as a world power.	[ "Modern_history\n\nFour years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of t...
572f588204bcaa1900d76879	What were the Russians hoping to find in the pacific ocean?	warm water port	[ "Modern_history\n\nFour years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of t...
572f588204bcaa1900d7687a	Why did the Manchurian Campaign fight the Russians.	over Manchuria and Korea.	[ "Modern_history\n\nFour years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of t...
572f588204bcaa1900d7687b	How were the Japanese victories over the Russians views around the world?	unexpected	[ "Modern_history\n\nFour years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of t...
572f59f204bcaa1900d76891	What is the Edwardian era?	the period spanning the reign of King Edward VII up to the end of the First World War,	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Edwardian era in the United Kingdom is the period spanning the reign of King Edward VII up to the end of the First World War, including the years surrounding the sinking of the RMS Titanic. In the early years of the period, the Second Boer War in South Africa split the country into anti- and ...
572f59f204bcaa1900d76892	What event split the United Kingdom into two groups?	Second Boer War	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Edwardian era in the United Kingdom is the period spanning the reign of King Edward VII up to the end of the First World War, including the years surrounding the sinking of the RMS Titanic. In the early years of the period, the Second Boer War in South Africa split the country into anti- and ...
572f59f204bcaa1900d76893	In what year did the Liberals win huge in the general election?	1906	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Edwardian era in the United Kingdom is the period spanning the reign of King Edward VII up to the end of the First World War, including the years surrounding the sinking of the RMS Titanic. In the early years of the period, the Second Boer War in South Africa split the country into anti- and ...
572f59f204bcaa1900d76894	What led to a reduction in the power of the peers?	Conflict between the two Houses of Parliament over the People's Budget	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Edwardian era in the United Kingdom is the period spanning the reign of King Edward VII up to the end of the First World War, including the years surrounding the sinking of the RMS Titanic. In the early years of the period, the Second Boer War in South Africa split the country into anti- and ...
572f59f204bcaa1900d76895	Who held the balance of power in the 1910 election?	Labour and Irish Nationalist members.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Edwardian era in the United Kingdom is the period spanning the reign of King Edward VII up to the end of the First World War, including the years surrounding the sinking of the RMS Titanic. In the early years of the period, the Second Boer War in South Africa split the country into anti- and ...
572f5c00947a6a140053c8be	What is The Triple Entente?	the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe causes of World War I included many factors, including the conflicts and antagonisms of the four decades leading up to the war. The Triple Entente was the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. T...
572f5c00947a6a140053c8bf	When was the Anglo -Russia Entente signed?	1907.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe causes of World War I included many factors, including the conflicts and antagonisms of the four decades leading up to the war. The Triple Entente was the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. T...
572f5c00947a6a140053c8c0	The Triple Entente served as a counter to what agreement?	Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy,	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe causes of World War I included many factors, including the conflicts and antagonisms of the four decades leading up to the war. The Triple Entente was the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. T...
572f5c00947a6a140053c8c1	What was the origin of the war?	the decisions taken by statesmen and generals during the July Crisis of 1914	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe causes of World War I included many factors, including the conflicts and antagonisms of the four decades leading up to the war. The Triple Entente was the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. T...
572f5c00947a6a140053c8c2	Who was murdered in Austria?	Archduke Franz Ferdinand	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe causes of World War I included many factors, including the conflicts and antagonisms of the four decades leading up to the war. The Triple Entente was the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. T...
572f5f7a947a6a140053c8d0	Where was the Baghdad Railway Suppose to connect?	Ottoman Empire cities of Konya and Baghdad with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria and Iraq	[ "Modern_history\n\nHowever, the crisis did not exist in a void; it came after a long series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over European and colonial issues in the decade prior to 1914 which had left tensions high. The diplomatic clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe sin...
572f5f7a947a6a140053c8d1	What fundamental cause started the war in 1914?	tensions over territory in the Balkans.	[ "Modern_history\n\nHowever, the crisis did not exist in a void; it came after a long series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over European and colonial issues in the decade prior to 1914 which had left tensions high. The diplomatic clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe sin...
572f5f7a947a6a140053c8d2	Who did Austria-Hungary war with over territory?	Serbia and Russia	[ "Modern_history\n\nHowever, the crisis did not exist in a void; it came after a long series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over European and colonial issues in the decade prior to 1914 which had left tensions high. The diplomatic clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe sin...
572f5f7a947a6a140053c8d3	Where did the Balkan wars take place?	South-eastern Europe	[ "Modern_history\n\nHowever, the crisis did not exist in a void; it came after a long series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over European and colonial issues in the decade prior to 1914 which had left tensions high. The diplomatic clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe sin...
572f5f7a947a6a140053c8d4	Why did Albania fall out with Thessaly, Macedonia and Epirus?	over the division of the spoils	[ "Modern_history\n\nHowever, the crisis did not exist in a void; it came after a long series of diplomatic clashes between the Great Powers over European and colonial issues in the decade prior to 1914 which had left tensions high. The diplomatic clashes can be traced to changes in the balance of power in Europe sin...
572f6140947a6a140053c8f4	When did the first World War begin?	1914	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe First World War began in 1914 and lasted to the final Armistice in 1918. The Allied Powers, led by the British Empire, France, Russia until March 1918, Japan and the United States after 1917, defeated the Central Powers, led by the German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire...
572f6140947a6a140053c8f5	Who led the Allied powers?	British Empire, France, Russia	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe First World War began in 1914 and lasted to the final Armistice in 1918. The Allied Powers, led by the British Empire, France, Russia until March 1918, Japan and the United States after 1917, defeated the Central Powers, led by the German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire...
572f6140947a6a140053c8f6	Who defeated the Central Powers led by the German Empire Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire??	Japan and the United States	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe First World War began in 1914 and lasted to the final Armistice in 1918. The Allied Powers, led by the British Empire, France, Russia until March 1918, Japan and the United States after 1917, defeated the Central Powers, led by the German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire...
572f6140947a6a140053c8f7	What were the Allied powers referred to before 1917?	Triple Entente	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe First World War began in 1914 and lasted to the final Armistice in 1918. The Allied Powers, led by the British Empire, France, Russia until March 1918, Japan and the United States after 1917, defeated the Central Powers, led by the German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire...
572f6140947a6a140053c8f8	How many Empires did the war cause destruction to?	four empires	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe First World War began in 1914 and lasted to the final Armistice in 1918. The Allied Powers, led by the British Empire, France, Russia until March 1918, Japan and the United States after 1917, defeated the Central Powers, led by the German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire...
572f6309b2c2fd140056809d	Where did most of the fighting in World War I take place?	along the Western Front	[ "Modern_history\n\nMuch of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network...
572f6309b2c2fd140056809e	What is the Western Front?	a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a "No man's land") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland.	[ "Modern_history\n\nMuch of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network...
572f6309b2c2fd140056809f	What prevented a trench warfare stalemate?	On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network	[ "Modern_history\n\nMuch of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network...
572f6309b2c2fd14005680a0	How many soldiers died? in World War I?	More than 9 million	[ "Modern_history\n\nMuch of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network...
572f6309b2c2fd14005680a1	Where did hostiles appear for the first time during the war?	from the air.	[ "Modern_history\n\nMuch of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network...
572f64c9a23a5019007fc5c3	In what century did the Nationalistic revolutions occur?	mid-19th century's	[ "Modern_history\n\nUltimately, World War I created a decisive break with the old world order that had emerged after the Napoleonic Wars, which was modified by the mid-19th century's nationalistic revolutions. The results of World War I would be important factors in the development of World War II approximately 20 y...
572f64c9a23a5019007fc5c4	How many years after world war I did world war II start?	20 years later.	[ "Modern_history\n\nUltimately, World War I created a decisive break with the old world order that had emerged after the Napoleonic Wars, which was modified by the mid-19th century's nationalistic revolutions. The results of World War I would be important factors in the development of World War II approximately 20 y...
572f64c9a23a5019007fc5c5	What withdrew the political boundaries of West Asia?	partitioning of the Ottoman Empire	[ "Modern_history\n\nUltimately, World War I created a decisive break with the old world order that had emerged after the Napoleonic Wars, which was modified by the mid-19th century's nationalistic revolutions. The results of World War I would be important factors in the development of World War II approximately 20 y...
572f64c9a23a5019007fc5c6	What did the partitioning of the Otto Empire bring about?	the modern Arab world and the Republic of Turkey.	[ "Modern_history\n\nUltimately, World War I created a decisive break with the old world order that had emerged after the Napoleonic Wars, which was modified by the mid-19th century's nationalistic revolutions. The results of World War I would be important factors in the development of World War II approximately 20 y...
572f64c9a23a5019007fc5c7	Who did The League of Nations grant France mandates over?	Syria and Lebanon	[ "Modern_history\n\nUltimately, World War I created a decisive break with the old world order that had emerged after the Napoleonic Wars, which was modified by the mid-19th century's nationalistic revolutions. The results of World War I would be important factors in the development of World War II approximately 20 y...
572f6ea004bcaa1900d76949	What is the Russian Revolution?	the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolutio...
572f6ea004bcaa1900d7694a	What happened when Nicholas II was removed from power?	the Russian Provisional Government was established.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolutio...
572f6ea004bcaa1900d7694b	What event happened in October of 1917?	a red faction revolution	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolutio...
572f6ea004bcaa1900d7694c	What happened during the red faction revolution?	armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolutio...
572f714b04bcaa1900d7695b	When was the armistice signed between Russia and Central powers?	1917	[ "Modern_history\n\nAnother action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nati...
572f714b04bcaa1900d7695c	What did Central powers concede in exchange for peace?	huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire	[ "Modern_history\n\nAnother action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nati...
572f714b04bcaa1900d7695d	Who did the Bolsheviks make peace with?	the German Empire	[ "Modern_history\n\nAnother action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nati...
572f714b04bcaa1900d7695e	What were Vladimir Lenin's decisions caused by?	his sponsorship by the foreign office of Wilhelm II	[ "Modern_history\n\nAnother action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nati...
572f714b04bcaa1900d7695f	Who did the German sponsorship of Lenin's Petrograd upset?	Western Allies	[ "Modern_history\n\nAnother action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nati...
572f74b6947a6a140053c97a	Where did Soviets under the rule of the Bolshevik first assume power during the Russian Civil War?	Petrograd (St. Petersburg)	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and then in other places. In the wake of the...
572f74b6947a6a140053c97b	In the wake of the October resolution, what happened to the Russian Imperial Army?	demobilized	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and then in other places. In the wake of the...
572f74b6947a6a140053c97c	What was Bolshevik's main military force?	volunteer-based Red Guard	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and then in other places. In the wake of the...
572f74b6947a6a140053c97d	How did the Red red Army overcome their foes?	by taking hostages and shooting them when necessary in order to force compliance.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and then in other places. In the wake of the...
572f74b6947a6a140053c97e	How were former Tsarist Officers utilized?	as "military specialists"	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and then in other places. In the wake of the...
572f766d04bcaa1900d769ab	Who was the principal fighting between?	Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, yet many volunteer foreigners fought in both sides of the Russian Civil War. Other nationalist and regional political groups...
572f766d04bcaa1900d769ac	In what time period did the most brutal battles occur?	1918 to 1920	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, yet many volunteer foreigners fought in both sides of the Russian Civil War. Other nationalist and regional political groups...
572f766d04bcaa1900d769ad	When did the major military operation end?	25 October 1922	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, yet many volunteer foreigners fought in both sides of the Russian Civil War. Other nationalist and regional political groups...
572f766d04bcaa1900d769ae	What general was defeated in 1920?	General Pyotr Wrangel	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, yet many volunteer foreigners fought in both sides of the Russian Civil War. Other nationalist and regional political groups...
572f766d04bcaa1900d769af	Where did the last Resistance from the White movement occur?	Far East	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army and the forces of the White Army. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, yet many volunteer foreigners fought in both sides of the Russian Civil War. Other nationalist and regional political groups...
572f78e104bcaa1900d769c7	What did the May Fourth movement help do?	rekindle the then-fading cause of republican revolution.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe May Fourth Movement helped to rekindle the then-fading cause of republican revolution. In 1917 Sun Yat-sen had become commander-in-chief of a rival military government in Guangzhou in collaboration with southern warlords. Sun's efforts to obtain aid from the Western democracies were ignored, ...
572f78e104bcaa1900d769c8	Sun Yat-Sen became the leader of what military group.	a rival military government in Guangzhou	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe May Fourth Movement helped to rekindle the then-fading cause of republican revolution. In 1917 Sun Yat-sen had become commander-in-chief of a rival military government in Guangzhou in collaboration with southern warlords. Sun's efforts to obtain aid from the Western democracies were ignored, ...
572f78e104bcaa1900d769c9	What did Sun Yat-Sen hope to get from western democracies?	aid	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe May Fourth Movement helped to rekindle the then-fading cause of republican revolution. In 1917 Sun Yat-sen had become commander-in-chief of a rival military government in Guangzhou in collaboration with southern warlords. Sun's efforts to obtain aid from the Western democracies were ignored, ...
572f78e104bcaa1900d769ca	Who did Sun Yet-Sen turn in 1930 for help?	the Soviet Union	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe May Fourth Movement helped to rekindle the then-fading cause of republican revolution. In 1917 Sun Yat-sen had become commander-in-chief of a rival military government in Guangzhou in collaboration with southern warlords. Sun's efforts to obtain aid from the Western democracies were ignored, ...
572f78e104bcaa1900d769cb	How did the Soviets try to befriend the Chinese Revolutionist?	by offering scathing attacks on Western imperialism.	[ "Modern_history\n\nThe May Fourth Movement helped to rekindle the then-fading cause of republican revolution. In 1917 Sun Yat-sen had become commander-in-chief of a rival military government in Guangzhou in collaboration with southern warlords. Sun's efforts to obtain aid from the Western democracies were ignored, ...

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