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56dd23589a695914005b9507
Who was referenced as prime minister in a negative manner when the term was first used in its modern sense?
Sir Robert Walpole
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe term prime minister in the sense that we know it originated in the 18th century in the United Kingdom when members of parliament disparagingly used the title in reference to Sir Robert Walpole. Over time, the title became honorific and remains so in the 21st century." ]
56dd243f66d3e219004dac09
Who occupied the role that would later become prime minister under Henry VIII?
Thomas Cromwell
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen ...
56dd243f66d3e219004dac0a
Who held the equivalent of the post of prime minister under Queen Anne?
Godolphin
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen ...
56dd243f66d3e219004dac0c
Who served as the head minister under Charles II?
Clarendon
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen ...
56dd25349a695914005b950a
From whom did ministers derive their power?
the monarch
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority for their power. Although there was a cabinet, it was appointed entirely by...
56dd25349a695914005b950c
Who was responsible for naming people to serve in the cabinet?
the monarch
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority for their power. Although there was a cabinet, it was appointed entirely by...
56dd25a59a695914005b9511
Who are the two ministers used by Queen Anne simultaneously?
Harley and St John
[ "Prime_minister\n\nWhen the monarch grew tired of a first minister, he or she could be dismissed, or worse: Cromwell was executed and Clarendon driven into exile when they lost favour. Kings sometimes divided power equally between two or more ministers to prevent one minister from becoming too powerful. Late in Ann...
56dd25a59a695914005b9513
Who was exiled when he lost the favor of the monarch?
Clarendon
[ "Prime_minister\n\nWhen the monarch grew tired of a first minister, he or she could be dismissed, or worse: Cromwell was executed and Clarendon driven into exile when they lost favour. Kings sometimes divided power equally between two or more ministers to prevent one minister from becoming too powerful. Late in Ann...
56dd260266d3e219004dac12
What 1688 event helped the parliament solidy its power against the monarch?
Glorious Revolution
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax ...
56dd260266d3e219004dac13
What 1689 law contributed to parliament's growing power?
Bill of Rights
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax ...
56dd260266d3e219004dac14
What body was incorporated into the government as a result of the Bill of Rights?
House of Commons
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax ...
56dd26729a695914005b9520
The reign of which king was a turning point in the growth of the position of prime minister?
George I
[ "Prime_minister\n\nA tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In ...
56dd26729a695914005b9521
In what year did Queen Anne die?
1714
[ "Prime_minister\n\nA tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In ...
56dd26729a695914005b9522
Where was George I's home?
Hanover
[ "Prime_minister\n\nA tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In ...
56dd26ee9a695914005b9526
For how long did Robert Walpole serve as prime minister?
twenty-one years
[ "Prime_minister\n\nFrom 1721 this was the Whig politician Robert Walpole, who held office for twenty-one years. Walpole chaired cabinet meetings, appointed all the other ministers, dispensed the royal patronage and packed the House of Commons with his supporters. Under Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity de...
56dd26ee9a695914005b9527
What party did Walpole belong to?
Whig
[ "Prime_minister\n\nFrom 1721 this was the Whig politician Robert Walpole, who held office for twenty-one years. Walpole chaired cabinet meetings, appointed all the other ministers, dispensed the royal patronage and packed the House of Commons with his supporters. Under Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity de...
56dd26ee9a695914005b9528
What concept took shape during Walpole's tenure as prime minister?
doctrine of cabinet solidarity
[ "Prime_minister\n\nFrom 1721 this was the Whig politician Robert Walpole, who held office for twenty-one years. Walpole chaired cabinet meetings, appointed all the other ministers, dispensed the royal patronage and packed the House of Commons with his supporters. Under Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity de...
56dd26ee9a695914005b9529
What would a minister have to do if he did not publicly support a cabinet policy?
resign
[ "Prime_minister\n\nFrom 1721 this was the Whig politician Robert Walpole, who held office for twenty-one years. Walpole chaired cabinet meetings, appointed all the other ministers, dispensed the royal patronage and packed the House of Commons with his supporters. Under Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity de...
56dd26ee9a695914005b952a
Who is another prime minister who reiterated the principles of cabinet solidarity?
Lord Melbourne
[ "Prime_minister\n\nFrom 1721 this was the Whig politician Robert Walpole, who held office for twenty-one years. Walpole chaired cabinet meetings, appointed all the other ministers, dispensed the royal patronage and packed the House of Commons with his supporters. Under Walpole, the doctrine of cabinet solidarity de...
56dd2d7d9a695914005b9530
Aside from Walpole, who else denied that there was no such thing as the prime minister?
parliamentarians and legal scholars
[ "Prime_minister\n\nWalpole always denied that he was \"prime minister\", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution. George II and George III made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the i...
56dd2d7d9a695914005b9531
Which kings tried to get power back to the monarchy?
George II and George III
[ "Prime_minister\n\nWalpole always denied that he was \"prime minister\", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution. George II and George III made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the i...
56dd2d7d9a695914005b9533
During whose government did prime minister first see use on official state documents?
Benjamin Disraeli
[ "Prime_minister\n\nWalpole always denied that he was \"prime minister\", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution. George II and George III made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the i...
56dd2d7d9a695914005b9534
When was the position of prime minister finally formalized?
1905
[ "Prime_minister\n\nWalpole always denied that he was \"prime minister\", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution. George II and George III made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the i...
56dd2e5966d3e219004dac1f
In the U.S. and governments modeled on it, who holds executive power?
president
[ "Prime_minister\n\nBy the late 20th century, the majority of the world's countries had a prime minister or equivalent minister, holding office under either a constitutional monarchy or a ceremonial president. The main exceptions to this system have been the United States and the presidential republics in Latin Amer...
56dd2ea866d3e219004dac23
Which non-elected official has held the longest term as prime minister?
Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah
[ "Prime_minister\n\nBahrain's prime minister, Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah has been in the post since 1970, making him the longest serving non-elected prime minister." ]
56dd2ea866d3e219004dac24
When did Khalifa first take the post of prime minister?
1970
[ "Prime_minister\n\nBahrain's prime minister, Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah has been in the post since 1970, making him the longest serving non-elected prime minister." ]
56dd2ea866d3e219004dac25
What country does Khalifah serve for as prime minister?
Bahrain
[ "Prime_minister\n\nBahrain's prime minister, Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah has been in the post since 1970, making him the longest serving non-elected prime minister." ]
56dd2f1f9a695914005b9545
Greece, Finland, Romania and Turkey use what kind of government?
parliamentary republics
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional monarchies (such as Belgium, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Malaysia, Morocco, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom), and in parliamentary republics in which the h...
56dd2f1f9a695914005b9546
In whic type of government is the leader elected?
parliamentary republics
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional monarchies (such as Belgium, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Malaysia, Morocco, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom), and in parliamentary republics in which the h...
56dd2f9a66d3e219004dac2b
What is the term for the head of China's government?
Premier of the State Council
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThis contrasts with the presidential system, in which the president (or equivalent) is both the head of state and the head of the government. In some presidential or semi-presidential systems, such as those of France, Russia or South Korea, the prime minister is an official generally appointed by...
56dd2f9a66d3e219004dac2c
What is another name for the Republic of China?
Taiwan
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThis contrasts with the presidential system, in which the president (or equivalent) is both the head of state and the head of the government. In some presidential or semi-presidential systems, such as those of France, Russia or South Korea, the prime minister is an official generally appointed by...
56dd2f9a66d3e219004dac2d
Whose consent is not required for the Taiwanese premier to take office?
legislature
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThis contrasts with the presidential system, in which the president (or equivalent) is both the head of state and the head of the government. In some presidential or semi-presidential systems, such as those of France, Russia or South Korea, the prime minister is an official generally appointed by...
56dd2ff966d3e219004dac33
What is the term for a situation in which the president and prime minister come from different political parties?
cohabitation
[ "Prime_minister\n\nAppointment of the prime minister of France requires no approval by the parliament either, but the parliament may force the resignation of the government. In these systems, it is possible for the president and the prime minister to be from different political parties if the legislature is control...
56dd2ff966d3e219004dac34
What can the French parliament cause in order to oust the prime minister?
resignation of the government
[ "Prime_minister\n\nAppointment of the prime minister of France requires no approval by the parliament either, but the parliament may force the resignation of the government. In these systems, it is possible for the president and the prime minister to be from different political parties if the legislature is control...
56dd304366d3e219004dac37
Which constitution details the role and abilities of the prime minister?
Bangladesh's
[ "Prime_minister\n\nBangladesh's constitution clearly outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dismissal." ]
56dd304366d3e219004dac38
What other considerations are included in the constitution of Bangladesh as regards the prime minister?
the process of his/her appointment and dismissal
[ "Prime_minister\n\nBangladesh's constitution clearly outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dismissal." ]
56dd30949a695914005b954c
What is directly above the premier in the People's Republic of China?
the National People's Congress
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China. Premier read as (Simplified Chinese: 总理; pinyin: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese." ]
56dd30949a695914005b954d
What is the pinyin form of premier?
Zŏnglĭ
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China. Premier read as (Simplified Chinese: 总理; pinyin: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese." ]
56dd310066d3e219004dac3c
Which law first referred to the prime minister in Canada?
the Constitution Act
[ "Prime_minister\n\nCanada's constitution, being a 'mixed' or hybrid constitution (a constitution that is partly formally codified and partly uncodified) originally did not make any reference whatsoever to a prime minister, with her or his specific duties and method of appointment instead dictated by \"convention\"....
56dd310066d3e219004dac3d
When was the Constitution Act passed?
1982
[ "Prime_minister\n\nCanada's constitution, being a 'mixed' or hybrid constitution (a constitution that is partly formally codified and partly uncodified) originally did not make any reference whatsoever to a prime minister, with her or his specific duties and method of appointment instead dictated by \"convention\"....
56dd310066d3e219004dac3e
The Constitution Act mentions the prime minister in the context of which kinds of other ministers?
federal and provincial first ministers
[ "Prime_minister\n\nCanada's constitution, being a 'mixed' or hybrid constitution (a constitution that is partly formally codified and partly uncodified) originally did not make any reference whatsoever to a prime minister, with her or his specific duties and method of appointment instead dictated by \"convention\"....
56dd312c9a695914005b9558
What document details the role and abilities given to the prime minister of the Czech Republic?
constitution
[ "Prime_minister\n\nCzech Republic's constitution clearly outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dismissal." ]
56dd322166d3e219004dac44
When was prime minister first mentioned in a government document in the UK?
first decade of the twentieth century
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said...
56dd322166d3e219004dac46
Who was the last prime minister to serve simultaneously as Chancellor of the Exchequer?
Balfour
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said...
56dd322166d3e219004dac47
When did Balfour last hold the titles of prime minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer?
1905
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said...
56dd328e66d3e219004dac4d
Which prime minister was appointed only one time?
Margaret Thatcher
[ "Prime_minister\n\nMost prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously ...
56dd328e66d3e219004dac4e
When was Thatcher appointed prime minister?
1979
[ "Prime_minister\n\nMost prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously ...
56dd328e66d3e219004dac4f
When did Thatcher last hold power?
1990
[ "Prime_minister\n\nMost prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously ...
56dd328e66d3e219004dac50
What did Margaret Thatcher reconfigure following each general election?
cabinet
[ "Prime_minister\n\nMost prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously ...
56dd32e966d3e219004dac55
What is the name of the prime ministerial position in Ireland?
Taoiseach
[ "Prime_minister\n\nSome states, however, do have a term of office of the prime minister linked to the period in office of the parliament. Hence the Irish Taoiseach is formally 'renominated' after every general election. (Some constitutional experts have questioned whether this process is actually in keeping with th...
56dd32e966d3e219004dac56
From where is the Irish prime minister usually selected?
the political party that commands majority of seats in the lower house of parliament
[ "Prime_minister\n\nSome states, however, do have a term of office of the prime minister linked to the period in office of the parliament. Hence the Irish Taoiseach is formally 'renominated' after every general election. (Some constitutional experts have questioned whether this process is actually in keeping with th...
56dd32e966d3e219004dac57
When is the Irish Taoiseach renominated?
after every general election
[ "Prime_minister\n\nSome states, however, do have a term of office of the prime minister linked to the period in office of the parliament. Hence the Irish Taoiseach is formally 'renominated' after every general election. (Some constitutional experts have questioned whether this process is actually in keeping with th...
56dd337966d3e219004dac5b
Most parliamentary governments need to have the support of what governmental body?
lower house of parliament
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn parliamentary systems, governments are generally required to have the confidence of the lower house of parliament (though a small minority of parliaments, by giving a right to block supply to upper houses, in effect make the cabinet responsible to both houses, though in reality upper houses, e...
56dd337966d3e219004dac5c
Which political division does not often utilize its power, if it has any?
upper houses
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn parliamentary systems, governments are generally required to have the confidence of the lower house of parliament (though a small minority of parliaments, by giving a right to block supply to upper houses, in effect make the cabinet responsible to both houses, though in reality upper houses, e...
56dd337966d3e219004dac5d
What kind of referendum can the lower house of parliament take against the government?
vote of confidence
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn parliamentary systems, governments are generally required to have the confidence of the lower house of parliament (though a small minority of parliaments, by giving a right to block supply to upper houses, in effect make the cabinet responsible to both houses, though in reality upper houses, e...
56dd34f19a695914005b955a
Who can put a stop the parliamentary attempts at dissovling itself in some areas?
head of state
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe latter in effect allows the government to appeal the opposition of parliament to the electorate. However, in many jurisdictions a head of state may refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of the prime minister and his or her government. In most modern parliamentary syste...
56dd34f19a695914005b955b
If the head of state prevents the dissolution of parliament, what needs to happen?
resignation of the prime minister and his or her government
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe latter in effect allows the government to appeal the opposition of parliament to the electorate. However, in many jurisdictions a head of state may refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of the prime minister and his or her government. In most modern parliamentary syste...
56dd34f19a695914005b955c
In contemporary parliamentary governments, which official is usually in charge of asking parliament to dissolve?
prime minister
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe latter in effect allows the government to appeal the opposition of parliament to the electorate. However, in many jurisdictions a head of state may refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of the prime minister and his or her government. In most modern parliamentary syste...
56dd35839a695914005b9560
When was the convention of prime ministers initiating the dissolution of parliament started?
1918
[ "Prime_minister\n\nOlder constitutions often vest this power in the cabinet. In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918. Prior to then, it was the entire government that made the request. Similarly, though the modern...
56dd35839a695914005b9561
In Ireland, when was the power to dissolve parliament assigned to the prime minister?
1937
[ "Prime_minister\n\nOlder constitutions often vest this power in the cabinet. In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918. Prior to then, it was the entire government that made the request. Similarly, though the modern...
56dd35839a695914005b9562
The 1922 Irish Free State Constitution previously gave what body the power to dissolve parliament?
the Executive Council
[ "Prime_minister\n\nOlder constitutions often vest this power in the cabinet. In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918. Prior to then, it was the entire government that made the request. Similarly, though the modern...
56dd35839a695914005b9563
What was the Executive Council an alternate name for?
cabinet
[ "Prime_minister\n\nOlder constitutions often vest this power in the cabinet. In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918. Prior to then, it was the entire government that made the request. Similarly, though the modern...
56dd362466d3e219004dac63
What process signals the need for the prime minister to resign in Australia?
spill motion
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn Australia, the Prime Minister is expected to step down if s/he loses the majority support of his/her party under a spill motion as have many such as Tony Abbott, Julia Gillard and Kevin Rudd." ]
56dd36749a695914005b9568
What is the Russian term for prime minister?
Chairman of the government
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning \"head of the government\". In many cases, though co...
56dd36749a695914005b9569
What is the Israeli term for prime minister?
Rosh HaMemshalah
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning \"head of the government\". In many cases, though co...
56dd36749a695914005b956a
What is the term used in spain for prime minister?
President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno)
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning \"head of the government\". In many cases, though co...
56dd36749a695914005b956b
What is the Irish term for prime minister?
Taoiseach
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning \"head of the government\". In many cases, though co...
56dd36df66d3e219004dac67
What is the Italian term for the prime minister?
president of the council of ministers
[ "Prime_minister\n\nOther common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. ministe...
56dd36df66d3e219004dac68
What is the native term for prime minister in Scandinavia?
statsminister
[ "Prime_minister\n\nOther common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. ministe...
56dd374a66d3e219004dac6d
What is a term that is used to mean prime minister?
premier
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government \"prime minister\" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rul...
56dd374a66d3e219004dac6e
Which countries use the term chancellor to denote the head of government?
Germany and Austria
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government \"prime minister\" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rul...
56dd374a66d3e219004dac6f
What is the head of Monaco's government called?
Minister of State
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government \"prime minister\" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rul...
56dd374a66d3e219004dac70
What is the term for the highest position in government in Vatican City?
Secretary of State
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government \"prime minister\" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rul...
56dd374a66d3e219004dac71
What is the head of Iran's government called?
President
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government \"prime minister\" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rul...
56dd37fe66d3e219004dac77
In what kinds of nations can the head of government attain the title of Excellency?
non-Commonwealth countries
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kin...
56dd37fe66d3e219004dac78
What honorific title can be given to prime ministers in commonwealth nations?
Right Honourable
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kin...
56dd37fe66d3e219004dac79
What are British prime ministers part of that grants them the title Right Honourable?
Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kin...
56dd37fe66d3e219004dac7a
What is an example of a country where prime ministers can be called Right Honourable solely because of their position?
Canada
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kin...
56dd398c66d3e219004dac7f
What kind of government is in operation in the United Kingdom?
devolved
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as \"Pradhan Mantri\", meaning \"prime minister\". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as \"Wazir-e...
56dd398c66d3e219004dac80
What are the heads of government in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland called?
First Minister
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as \"Pradhan Mantri\", meaning \"prime minister\". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as \"Wazir-e...
56dd398c66d3e219004dac81
What is the Indian term for Prime Minister?
Pradhan Mantri
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as \"Pradhan Mantri\", meaning \"prime minister\". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as \"Wazir-e...
56dd398c66d3e219004dac82
What is the term for prime minister in Pakistan?
Wazir-e-Azam
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as \"Pradhan Mantri\", meaning \"prime minister\". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as \"Wazir-e...
56dd398c66d3e219004dac83
What does Wazir-e-Azam mean in English?
Grand Vizier
[ "Prime_minister\n\nIn the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as \"Pradhan Mantri\", meaning \"prime minister\". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as \"Wazir-e...
56dd39ee66d3e219004dac89
What is the head of government's office called in Canada?
Office of the Prime Minister
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe Prime Minister's executive office is usually called the Office of the Prime Minister in the case of the Canada and other Commonwealth countries, it is called Cabinet Office in United Kingdom. Some Prime Minister's office do include the role of Cabinet. In other countries, it is called the Pri...
56dd39ee66d3e219004dac8a
What is the head of government's office called in the UK?
Cabinet Office
[ "Prime_minister\n\nThe Prime Minister's executive office is usually called the Office of the Prime Minister in the case of the Canada and other Commonwealth countries, it is called Cabinet Office in United Kingdom. Some Prime Minister's office do include the role of Cabinet. In other countries, it is called the Pri...
56dda3d266d3e219004dac8f
What's a common abbreviation for the term institute of technology?
IT
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitute of technology (also: university of technology, polytechnic university, technikon, and technical college) is a designation employed for a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable levels of the educational system. It ...
56dda5109a695914005b957c
In what century did the term polytechnic first show up?
19th century
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French École Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. The French term comes from the Greek πολύ (polú or polý) meaning \"many\" and τεχνικός (tekhnikós) meaning \"arts\"." ]
56dda5109a695914005b957d
What school founded in 1794 first used a form of the word polytechnic in its name?
École Polytechnique
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French École Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. The French term comes from the Greek πολύ (polú or polý) meaning \"many\" and τεχνικός (tekhnikós) meaning \"arts\"." ]
56dda5109a695914005b957e
What language does the French word polytechnique come from?
Greek
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French École Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. The French term comes from the Greek πολύ (polú or polý) meaning \"many\" and τεχνικός (tekhnikós) meaning \"arts\"." ]
56dda5689a695914005b9582
What word means the same thing as "institute of technology"?
polytechnic
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nWhile the terms \"institute of technology\" and \"polytechnic\" are synonymous, the preference concerning which one is the preferred term varies from country to country.[citation needed]" ]
56dda6db66d3e219004dac91
What was the first institute of technology in the world?
the Berg-Schola
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization. The world's first insti...
56dda6db66d3e219004dac92
What war led to the increased popularity of institutes of technology and polytechnics?
World War II
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization. The world's first insti...
56dda6db66d3e219004dac93
What was the founding name of the Braunschweig University of Technology?
Collegium Carolinum
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization. The world's first insti...
56dda6db66d3e219004dac94
In what year was the École Polytechnique founded?
1794
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nThe institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization. The world's first insti...
56dda8f166d3e219004dac99
What kind of institutions do countries like Germany and Switzerland consider institutes of technology to be?
institutions of higher education
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nIn several countries, like Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Turkey, institutes of technology and polytechnics are institutions of higher education, and have been accredited to award academic degrees and doctorates. Famous examples are the Istanbul Technical University, ETH Zuric...
56ddaa9b9a695914005b9584
In what year were polytechnics in the UK given the university designation?
1992
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nIn countries like Iran, Finland, Malaysia, Portugal, Singapore or the United Kingdom, there is often a significant and confused distinction between polytechnics and universities. In the UK a binary system of higher education emerged consisting of universities (research orientation) and P...
56ddaa9b9a695914005b9585
What is the name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution now?
University of Westminster
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nIn countries like Iran, Finland, Malaysia, Portugal, Singapore or the United Kingdom, there is often a significant and confused distinction between polytechnics and universities. In the UK a binary system of higher education emerged consisting of universities (research orientation) and P...
56ddaa9b9a695914005b9586
What street is the University of Westminster on?
Regent Street
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nIn countries like Iran, Finland, Malaysia, Portugal, Singapore or the United Kingdom, there is often a significant and confused distinction between polytechnics and universities. In the UK a binary system of higher education emerged consisting of universities (research orientation) and P...
56ddaea49a695914005b958a
What term was used in some countries to describe select universities that focus on technological education in applied science and engineering?
polytechnics
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nIn a number of countries, although being today generally considered similar institutions of higher learning across many countries, polytechnics and institutes of technology used to have a quite different statute among each other, its teaching competences and organizational history. In ma...
56ddb03066d3e219004dac9b
What name did some universities switch to in the 1990s for marketing purposes?
University of Technology
[ "Institute_of_technology\n\nDuring the 1970s to early 1990s, the term was used to describe state owned and funded technical schools that offered both vocational and higher education. They were part of the College of Advanced Education system. In the 1990s most of these merged with existing universities, or formed n...