id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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56de4b924396321400ee279e | How many years of study would it take to obtain a degree from a polytechnic in Singapore? | three | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics offer three-year diploma courses in fields such as information technology, engineering subjects and other vocational fields, like psychology and nursing. There are 5 polytechnics in Singapore. They are namely:"
] |
56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e1 | What queen set up the Banská Akadémia? | queen Maria Theresa | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThe world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold... |
56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e2 | What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | 1735 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThe world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold... |
56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e3 | The Banská Akadémia was originally intended for training workers in what two precious metals? | silver and gold | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThe world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold... |
56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e4 | What year did teaching start at the Banská Akadémia? | 1764 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThe world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold... |
56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e5 | What are the university buildings still standing at the Banská Akadémia used for now? | teaching | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThe world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold... |
56de4fd14396321400ee27d7 | What are polytechnics called in South Africa? | Technikons | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nSouth Africa has completed a process of transforming its \"higher education landscape\". Historically a division has existed in South Africa between Universities and Technikons (polytechnics) as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings. In 1993 Technik... |
56de4fd14396321400ee27d8 | What year did Technikons gain the ability to give out technology degrees? | 1993 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nSouth Africa has completed a process of transforming its \"higher education landscape\". Historically a division has existed in South Africa between Universities and Technikons (polytechnics) as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings. In 1993 Technik... |
56de50decffd8e1900b4b7fb | When did Technikons start being integrated with traditional South African universities? | 2004 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nBeginning in 2004 former Technikons have either been merged with traditional Universities to form Comprehensive Universities or have become Universities of Technology, however the Universities of Technology have not to date acquired all of the traditional rights and privileges of a Unive... |
56de523ccffd8e1900b4b808 | Most institutes of technology in Thailand were born out of what other type of institutions? | technical colleges | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nMost of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technolog... |
56de523ccffd8e1900b4b809 | What type of degree were Thailand's technical colleges historically not allowed to confer? | bachelor's degrees | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nMost of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technolog... |
56de523ccffd8e1900b4b80a | What's the new name of Pathumwan Technical School? | Pathumwan Institute of Technology | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nMost of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technolog... |
56de52a24396321400ee2803 | What did the Thonburi Technology Institute become after its name change? | King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThere are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to \"University of Technology\": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Inst... |
56de52a24396321400ee2804 | What was the previous name of Rajamangala University of Technology? | Institute of Technology and Vocational Education | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nThere are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to \"University of Technology\": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Inst... |
56de55694396321400ee2815 | What is the name of Thammasat University's engineering school? | Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the onl... |
56de55694396321400ee2816 | What is Thailand's only government-established and owned institute of technology? | Suranaree University of Technology | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the onl... |
56de55694396321400ee2817 | What year was Suranaree University of Technology founded? | 1989 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the onl... |
56de55694396321400ee2818 | What is the name of the best-known private institute of technology in Thailand? | Mahanakorn University of Technology | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the onl... |
56de57394396321400ee282f | What institute of technology opened in Bursa in 2010? | Bursa Technical University | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nIn Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In 1950s, 2 technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yil... |
56de57394396321400ee2830 | When Konya Technical University opens, how many total institutes of technology will there be in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire? | six | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nIn Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In 1950s, 2 technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yil... |
56de57394396321400ee2831 | What two cities in Turkey acquired institutes of technology in the 1950s? | Ankara and Trabzon | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nIn Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In 1950s, 2 technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yil... |
56de59f24396321400ee2845 | What year did UK polytechnics start functioning in a binary education system? | 1970 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the nati... |
56de59f24396321400ee2846 | What organization validates degrees received from polytechnic schools? | the UK Council for National Academic Awards | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the nati... |
56de59f24396321400ee2847 | What two-word term does Scotland use to describe their technological universities? | Central Institutions | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the nati... |
56de59f24396321400ee2848 | What was the first polytechnic in Britain originally named? | Royal Polytechnic Institution | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the nati... |
56de5ba04396321400ee284d | How many Institutes of Science and Technology were affiliated with the University of Wales? | two | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nIn 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation College of Advanced Technology. They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees. The designation \"Institute of Technology\" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions... |
56de5ba04396321400ee284e | What was the name Loughborough University was known by from 1966 to 1996? | Loughborough University of Technology | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nIn 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation College of Advanced Technology. They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees. The designation \"Institute of Technology\" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions... |
56de5ba04396321400ee284f | In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation? | 1960s | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nIn 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation College of Advanced Technology. They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees. The designation \"Institute of Technology\" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions... |
56de5c204396321400ee2853 | What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities? | the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics were granted university status under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. This meant that Polytechnics could confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization. These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities."
] |
56de5c204396321400ee2854 | The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allows polytechnics to award degrees without what organization's approval? | CNAA | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnics were granted university status under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. This meant that Polytechnics could confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization. These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities."
] |
56de5d2a4396321400ee2857 | If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become? | university colleges | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nSchools called \"technical institute\" or \"technical school\" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated universi... |
56de5d2a4396321400ee2858 | What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes? | 20th century | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nSchools called \"technical institute\" or \"technical school\" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated universi... |
56de5d2a4396321400ee2859 | A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what? | high school | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nSchools called \"technical institute\" or \"technical school\" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated universi... |
56de5e5b4396321400ee285d | In what year was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? | 1824 | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnic Institutes are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of world-renowned Elite American universities include the phrases \"Institute of Technology\", \"Polytechnic Institute\", \"Polytechnic University\", or similar phrasing in their na... |
56de5e5b4396321400ee285e | Which of the three earliest technological universities was founded most recently, in 1861? | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nPolytechnic Institutes are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of world-renowned Elite American universities include the phrases \"Institute of Technology\", \"Polytechnic Institute\", \"Polytechnic University\", or similar phrasing in their na... |
56de5ef44396321400ee2861 | What type of economy was technical education in Venezuela intended to support? | middle class | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts. At that time, technical education was considered essential for the development of a sound middle class e... |
56de5ef44396321400ee2862 | When did Venezuela begin to create institutes of technology? | 1950s | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nInstitutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts. At that time, technical education was considered essential for the development of a sound middle class e... |
56de5fbccffd8e1900b4b834 | What city in Venezuela had the first IUT? | Caracas | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nMost of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. D... |
56de5fbccffd8e1900b4b835 | Who pioneered using the French system of technological education? | Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio | [
"Institute_of_technology\n\nMost of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. D... |
56ddb46c9a695914005b958e | Where does the information stored on the Wayback Machine come from? | World Wide Web | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content fro... |
56ddb46c9a695914005b958f | Which company made the Wayback Machine? | Internet Archive | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content fro... |
56ddb46c9a695914005b9590 | Where is Internet Archive headquartered? | San Francisco | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content fro... |
56ddb46c9a695914005b9591 | What individuals founded Internet Archive? | Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content fro... |
56ddb46c9a695914005b9592 | What is the term used by Internet Archive to describe the Wayback Machine? | three dimensional index | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content fro... |
56ddb53b66d3e219004daca3 | What operating system is used on Wayback Machine's servers? | Linux | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nSince 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent... |
56ddb53b66d3e219004daca4 | When does Wayback Machine save a copy of a website? | if the content has changed | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nSince 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent... |
56ddb53b66d3e219004daca5 | What is the ultimate aim of the Wayback Machine? | to archive the entire Internet | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nSince 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent... |
56ddb92966d3e219004daca9 | What TV show served as inspiration for the Wayback Machine's name? | The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe name Wayback Machine was chosen as a droll reference to a plot device in an animated cartoon series, The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. In one of the animated cartoon's component segments, Peabody's Improbable History, lead characters Mr. Peabody and Sherman routinely used a time machine called ... |
56ddb92966d3e219004dacaa | Which characters on The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show used a device that allowed them to travel through time? | Mr. Peabody and Sherman | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe name Wayback Machine was chosen as a droll reference to a plot device in an animated cartoon series, The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. In one of the animated cartoon's component segments, Peabody's Improbable History, lead characters Mr. Peabody and Sherman routinely used a time machine called ... |
56ddb92966d3e219004dacab | What was the machine used by Mr. Peabody and Sherman named? | WABAC machine | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThe name Wayback Machine was chosen as a droll reference to a plot device in an animated cartoon series, The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. In one of the animated cartoon's component segments, Peabody's Improbable History, lead characters Mr. Peabody and Sherman routinely used a time machine called ... |
56ddbae166d3e219004dacaf | When was the program necessary to crawl and archive the web created? | 1996 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 1996 Brewster Kahle, with Bruce Gilliat, developed software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages, the Gopher hierarchy, the Netnews (Usenet) bulletin board system, and downloadable software. The information collected by these \"crawlers\" does not include all the... |
56ddbae166d3e219004dacb0 | What is a term used for programs that automatically visit websites and record the data they find? | crawlers | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 1996 Brewster Kahle, with Bruce Gilliat, developed software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages, the Gopher hierarchy, the Netnews (Usenet) bulletin board system, and downloadable software. The information collected by these \"crawlers\" does not include all the... |
56ddbae166d3e219004dacb1 | What rule do crawlers abide by when determining which sites to record? | robots exclusion standard | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 1996 Brewster Kahle, with Bruce Gilliat, developed software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages, the Gopher hierarchy, the Netnews (Usenet) bulletin board system, and downloadable software. The information collected by these \"crawlers\" does not include all the... |
56ddbae166d3e219004dacb2 | What site was created to mitigate issues with incomplete copies of websites? | Archive-It.org | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 1996 Brewster Kahle, with Bruce Gilliat, developed software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages, the Gopher hierarchy, the Netnews (Usenet) bulletin board system, and downloadable software. The information collected by these \"crawlers\" does not include all the... |
56ddbb4b66d3e219004dacb7 | What medium was originally used to keep Internet Archive's data? | digital tape | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nInformation had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley.... |
56ddbb4b66d3e219004dacb8 | Who were sometimes permitted to use the Archive's database? | researchers and scientists | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nInformation had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley.... |
56ddbb4b66d3e219004dacb9 | At what milestone was the archive made public? | fifth anniversary | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nInformation had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley.... |
56ddbb4b66d3e219004dacba | Where was the event launching the publicly-available archive held? | University of California, Berkeley | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nInformation had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley.... |
56ddbc0e66d3e219004dacbf | What are the saved versions of a site called? | Snapshots | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nSnapshots usually become available more than six months after they are archived or, in some cases, even later; it can take twenty-four months or longer. The frequency of snapshots is variable, so not all tracked web site updates are recorded. Sometimes there are intervals of several weeks or ye... |
56ddbc0e66d3e219004dacc0 | What is the minimum amount of time that elapses before most snapshots are released for viewing? | six months | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nSnapshots usually become available more than six months after they are archived or, in some cases, even later; it can take twenty-four months or longer. The frequency of snapshots is variable, so not all tracked web site updates are recorded. Sometimes there are intervals of several weeks or ye... |
56ddbc0e66d3e219004dacc1 | What term characterizes the rate at which snapshots are made of websites? | variable | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nSnapshots usually become available more than six months after they are archived or, in some cases, even later; it can take twenty-four months or longer. The frequency of snapshots is variable, so not all tracked web site updates are recorded. Sometimes there are intervals of several weeks or ye... |
56ddbc9766d3e219004dacc5 | When did it become a requirement for websites to appear on Open Directory for inclusion in the Archive? | After August 2008 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAfter August 2008 sites had to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included. According to Jeff Kaplan of the Internet Archive in November 2010, other sites were still being archived, but more recent captures would become visible only after the next major indexing, an infrequent operat... |
56ddbc9766d3e219004dacc6 | Who stated that sites not on Open Directory were still being saved but would not be released until the Archive was reindexed? | Jeff Kaplan | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAfter August 2008 sites had to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included. According to Jeff Kaplan of the Internet Archive in November 2010, other sites were still being archived, but more recent captures would become visible only after the next major indexing, an infrequent operat... |
56ddbc9766d3e219004dacc7 | When did Kaplan make comments about the status of non-Open Directory sites? | November 2010 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAfter August 2008 sites had to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included. According to Jeff Kaplan of the Internet Archive in November 2010, other sites were still being archived, but more recent captures would become visible only after the next major indexing, an infrequent operat... |
56ddbd6d66d3e219004daccb | In 2009, what size did the data saved by Wayback Machine reach? | three petabytes | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAs of 2009[update], the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month; the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month. The data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies."
] |
56ddbd6d66d3e219004daccc | As of 2003, what was the rate of increase in the amount of data recorded by the Wayback Machine? | 12 terabytes/month | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAs of 2009[update], the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month; the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month. The data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies."
] |
56ddbd6d66d3e219004daccd | Where does Wayback Machine keep its information stored? | PetaBox rack systems | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAs of 2009[update], the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month; the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month. The data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies."
] |
56ddbd6d66d3e219004dacce | Who makes PetaBox rack systems? | Capricorn Technologies | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nAs of 2009[update], the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month; the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month. The data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies."
] |
56ddc1d966d3e219004dacd3 | When did Internet Archive chance its platform for data storage? | 2009 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, and hosts a new data center in a Sun Modular Datacenter on Sun Microsystems' California campus."
] |
56ddc1d966d3e219004dacd4 | Which platform did Internet Archive adopt in 2009? | Sun Open Storage | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, and hosts a new data center in a Sun Modular Datacenter on Sun Microsystems' California campus."
] |
56ddc1d966d3e219004dacd5 | Where does Internet archive run a datacenter? | Sun Microsystems' California campus | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, and hosts a new data center in a Sun Modular Datacenter on Sun Microsystems' California campus."
] |
56ddc21866d3e219004dacd9 | When was an upgrade of the Wayback Machine released for testing? | 2011 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn 2011 a new, improved version of the Wayback Machine, with an updated interface and fresher index of archived content, was made available for public testing."
] |
56ddc47666d3e219004dacdd | When were details of the test version of the updated Wayback Machine released? | March 2011 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn March 2011, it was said on the Wayback Machine forum that \"The Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into 2010, and will continue to be updated regularly. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a little bit of materi... |
56ddc47666d3e219004dacde | The older version of Wayback Machine did not have much new data past what year? | 2008 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn March 2011, it was said on the Wayback Machine forum that \"The Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into 2010, and will continue to be updated regularly. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a little bit of materi... |
56ddc47666d3e219004dacdf | The newer version of the Wayback Machine included date up to and including what year? | 2010 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn March 2011, it was said on the Wayback Machine forum that \"The Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into 2010, and will continue to be updated regularly. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a little bit of materi... |
56ddc4d99a695914005b95bc | What was the functionality called that gave users the ability to save a snapshot of a site? | Save a Page | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn October 2013, the company announced the \"Save a Page\" feature which allows any Internet user to archive the contents of a URL. This became a threat of abuse by the service for hosting malicious binaries."
] |
56ddc4d99a695914005b95bd | When was Save a Page made available? | October 2013 | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn October 2013, the company announced the \"Save a Page\" feature which allows any Internet user to archive the contents of a URL. This became a threat of abuse by the service for hosting malicious binaries."
] |
56ddc5e59a695914005b95c0 | What 2009 court battle involved the Wayback Machine? | Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc. | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn a 2009 case, Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc., defendant Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file on its web site that was causing the Wayback Machine to retroactively remove access to previous versions of pages it had archived from Nebula's site, pages... |
56ddc5e59a695914005b95c1 | Which company thought that Wayback Machine data was important for its argument? | Chordiant | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn a 2009 case, Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc., defendant Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file on its web site that was causing the Wayback Machine to retroactively remove access to previous versions of pages it had archived from Nebula's site, pages... |
56ddc5e59a695914005b95c2 | What did Chordiant request that the court deactivate on Netbula's website? | the robots.txt file | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn a 2009 case, Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc., defendant Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file on its web site that was causing the Wayback Machine to retroactively remove access to previous versions of pages it had archived from Nebula's site, pages... |
56ddc68966d3e219004dace5 | Who did Netbula believe was the entity that should be responsible for the availability of its snapshots? | Internet Archive | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nNetbula objected to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbula's web site and that they should have subpoenaed Internet Archive for the pages directly. An employee of Internet Archive filed a sworn statement supporting Chordiant's motion, however, stating that it could... |
56ddc68966d3e219004dace6 | Which party did Internet Archive side with? | Chordiant | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nNetbula objected to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbula's web site and that they should have subpoenaed Internet Archive for the pages directly. An employee of Internet Archive filed a sworn statement supporting Chordiant's motion, however, stating that it could... |
56ddc6e266d3e219004daceb | Which judge presided over the Netbula v. Chordiant case? | Magistrate Judge Howard Lloyd | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nMagistrate Judge Howard Lloyd in the Northern District of California, San Jose Division, rejected Netbula's arguments and ordered them to disable the robots.txt blockage temporarily in order to allow Chordiant to retrieve the archived pages that they sought."
] |
56ddc6e266d3e219004dacec | In what jurisdiction was the Netbula v. Chordiant case tried? | Northern District of California, San Jose Division | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nMagistrate Judge Howard Lloyd in the Northern District of California, San Jose Division, rejected Netbula's arguments and ordered them to disable the robots.txt blockage temporarily in order to allow Chordiant to retrieve the archived pages that they sought."
] |
56ddc6e266d3e219004daced | Which party won its argument regarding Netbula's robots.txt file? | Chordiant | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nMagistrate Judge Howard Lloyd in the Northern District of California, San Jose Division, rejected Netbula's arguments and ordered them to disable the robots.txt blockage temporarily in order to allow Chordiant to retrieve the archived pages that they sought."
] |
56ddc9d49a695914005b95cd | What does Telewizja Polska operate? | TVP Polonia | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No. 02 C 3293, 65 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 673 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 15, 2004), a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, perhaps for the first time. Telewizja Polska is the provide... |
56ddc9d49a695914005b95ce | What is EchoStar's platform? | the Dish Network | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No. 02 C 3293, 65 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 673 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 15, 2004), a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, perhaps for the first time. Telewizja Polska is the provide... |
56ddc9d49a695914005b95cf | Which judge denied Telewizja Polska's attempt to block the use of Internet Archive contents as evidence? | Magistrate Judge Arlander Keys | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No. 02 C 3293, 65 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 673 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 15, 2004), a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, perhaps for the first time. Telewizja Polska is the provide... |
56ddc9d49a695914005b95d0 | Which judge overturned Keys' ruling? | district Court Judge Ronald Guzman | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No. 02 C 3293, 65 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 673 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 15, 2004), a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, perhaps for the first time. Telewizja Polska is the provide... |
56ddca9d9a695914005b95d7 | When are Internet Archive timestamps useful for patent offices? | in examining a patent application | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nProvided some additional requirements are met (e.g. providing an authoritative statement of the archivist), the United States patent office and the European Patent Office will accept date stamps from the Internet Archive as evidence of when a given Web page was accessible to the public. These da... |
56ddca9d9a695914005b95d8 | What is an example of a condition that must be met for the Internet Archive data to be considered acceptable for submission to patent offices in the US and Europe? | authoritative statement of the archivist | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nProvided some additional requirements are met (e.g. providing an authoritative statement of the archivist), the United States patent office and the European Patent Office will accept date stamps from the Internet Archive as evidence of when a given Web page was accessible to the public. These da... |
56ddcf4166d3e219004dacf7 | What kind of limitations exist in keeping copies of a website? | technical | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThere are technical limitations to archiving a web site, and as a consequence, it is possible for opposing parties in litigation to misuse the results provided by web site archives. This problem can be exacerbated by the practice of submitting screen shots of web pages in complaints, answers, or... |
56ddcf4166d3e219004dacf8 | The omission of what element in screenshots can make them unreliable as evidence? | underlying links | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThere are technical limitations to archiving a web site, and as a consequence, it is possible for opposing parties in litigation to misuse the results provided by web site archives. This problem can be exacerbated by the practice of submitting screen shots of web pages in complaints, answers, or... |
56ddcf4166d3e219004dacf9 | What elements of webpages are not used by Wayback Machine? | forms | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThere are technical limitations to archiving a web site, and as a consequence, it is possible for opposing parties in litigation to misuse the results provided by web site archives. This problem can be exacerbated by the practice of submitting screen shots of web pages in complaints, answers, or... |
56ddcf4166d3e219004dacfa | What kind of sites contain information that the Wayback Machine does not record? | e-commerce | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nThere are technical limitations to archiving a web site, and as a consequence, it is possible for opposing parties in litigation to misuse the results provided by web site archives. This problem can be exacerbated by the practice of submitting screen shots of web pages in complaints, answers, or... |
56ddd0509a695914005b95ec | What kinds of laws could the Wayback Machine be viewed as breaking in Europe? | copyright laws | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn Europe the Wayback Machine could be interpreted as violating copyright laws. Only the content creator can decide where their content is published or duplicated, so the Archive would have to delete pages from its system upon request of the creator. The exclusion policies for the Wayback Machin... |
56ddd0509a695914005b95ed | What would the Internet Archive have to do if requested by someone whose content is available on Wayback Machine? | delete pages from its system | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn Europe the Wayback Machine could be interpreted as violating copyright laws. Only the content creator can decide where their content is published or duplicated, so the Archive would have to delete pages from its system upon request of the creator. The exclusion policies for the Wayback Machin... |
56ddd0509a695914005b95ee | In what part of the website are Wayback Machine's rules regarding removing content? | FAQ | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn Europe the Wayback Machine could be interpreted as violating copyright laws. Only the content creator can decide where their content is published or duplicated, so the Archive would have to delete pages from its system upon request of the creator. The exclusion policies for the Wayback Machin... |
56ddd22366d3e219004dacff | Web pages that contained content critical of what religous movement were taken off of the Internet Archive in 2002? | Scientology | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn late 2002, the Internet Archive removed various sites that were critical of Scientology from the Wayback Machine. An error message stated that this was in response to a \"request by the site owner.\" Later, it was clarified that lawyers from the Church of Scientology had demanded the removal ... |
56ddd22366d3e219004dad00 | Who was mistakenly credited for having the sites with criticism of Scientology removed from the Internet Archive? | the site owner | [
"Wayback_Machine\n\nIn late 2002, the Internet Archive removed various sites that were critical of Scientology from the Wayback Machine. An error message stated that this was in response to a \"request by the site owner.\" Later, it was clarified that lawyers from the Church of Scientology had demanded the removal ... |
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