id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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5731bcb1b9d445190005e4e4 | The changes to the google+ additions allowed uploaders to better moderate and what to comments? | block | [
"YouTube\n\nOn November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos and making the comment system Google+ oriented. The changes are in large part an attempt to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTu... |
5731bcb1b9d445190005e4e5 | There were better sorting functions put in place in 2013 to make sure what kind of comments appeared on top? | more relevant discussions | [
"YouTube\n\nOn November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos and making the comment system Google+ oriented. The changes are in large part an attempt to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTu... |
5731bcb1b9d445190005e4e6 | What is youtube co-founder Karim's first name? | Jawed | [
"YouTube\n\nOn November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos and making the comment system Google+ oriented. The changes are in large part an attempt to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTu... |
5731bcb1b9d445190005e4e7 | How many thumbs down votes did youtube's official statement about the new commenting system get within two days? | 20,097 | [
"YouTube\n\nOn November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos and making the comment system Google+ oriented. The changes are in large part an attempt to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTu... |
5731bd48e17f3d1400422365 | youtube is completely what in some places? | blocked | [
"YouTube\n\nIn some countries, YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries. In other countries access to the website as a whole remains open,... |
5731bd48e17f3d1400422366 | Why besides limited periods of time would youtube not be allowed in a country? | long term standing ban | [
"YouTube\n\nIn some countries, YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries. In other countries access to the website as a whole remains open,... |
5731bd48e17f3d1400422367 | What might happen in a restrictive state even if you do have access to the youtube site itself? | specific videos is blocked | [
"YouTube\n\nIn some countries, YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries. In other countries access to the website as a whole remains open,... |
5731becde17f3d140042237b | How many independent labels did the Merlin Network represent? | 20,000 | [
"YouTube\n\nIn May 2014, prior to the launch of YouTube's subscription-based Music Key service, the independent music trade organization Worldwide Independent Network alleged that YouTube was using non-negotiable contracts with independent labels that were \"undervalued\" in comparison to other streaming services, ... |
5731becde17f3d140042237c | What was the percentage of labels youtube had signed contracts with prior to the planned launch date? | 90% | [
"YouTube\n\nIn May 2014, prior to the launch of YouTube's subscription-based Music Key service, the independent music trade organization Worldwide Independent Network alleged that YouTube was using non-negotiable contracts with independent labels that were \"undervalued\" in comparison to other streaming services, ... |
5731becde17f3d140042237d | What was youtube planning on doing to labels it did not reach a deal with? | block all music content | [
"YouTube\n\nIn May 2014, prior to the launch of YouTube's subscription-based Music Key service, the independent music trade organization Worldwide Independent Network alleged that YouTube was using non-negotiable contracts with independent labels that were \"undervalued\" in comparison to other streaming services, ... |
5731becde17f3d140042237e | Why did youtube want to ensure only contractees music was played? | to launch the enhanced music experience | [
"YouTube\n\nIn May 2014, prior to the launch of YouTube's subscription-based Music Key service, the independent music trade organization Worldwide Independent Network alleged that YouTube was using non-negotiable contracts with independent labels that were \"undervalued\" in comparison to other streaming services, ... |
5731becde17f3d140042237f | Which journalistic organization released the reports of youtube's agreement with the Merlin Network? | The Financial Times | [
"YouTube\n\nIn May 2014, prior to the launch of YouTube's subscription-based Music Key service, the independent music trade organization Worldwide Independent Network alleged that YouTube was using non-negotiable contracts with independent labels that were \"undervalued\" in comparison to other streaming services, ... |
5731b311b9d445190005e46b | Who made a metaphor about a wall of separation? | Jefferson | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments \"may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of ... |
5731b311b9d445190005e46c | What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly cited? | metaphor | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments \"may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of ... |
5731b311b9d445190005e46d | When was the case of Reynolds v. United States? | 1879 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments \"may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of ... |
5731b311b9d445190005e46e | What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the First Amendment? | authoritative declaration | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments \"may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of ... |
5731b311b9d445190005e46f | What was the clause against establishment of religion by law intended to erect? | a wall of separation between church and state | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments \"may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of ... |
5731b3b7b9d445190005e475 | What was one of the reason early immigrant groups came to America? | to worship freely | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nMany early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecuti... |
5731b3b7b9d445190005e476 | What were Protestant Christians fleeing from? | religious persecution | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nMany early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecuti... |
5731b3b7b9d445190005e477 | Who was persecuting the Puritans? | King of England | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nMany early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecuti... |
5731b3b7b9d445190005e478 | What did William Penn ensure the protection of in his colony? | religious minorities | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nMany early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecuti... |
5731b3b7b9d445190005e479 | What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both establish? | churches | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nMany early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecuti... |
5731b46ee99e3014001e61e6 | What may no person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them? | worshipping God | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: \"Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be ... |
5731b46ee99e3014001e61e7 | When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article IV, Section 10? | 1789 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: \"Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be ... |
5731b46ee99e3014001e61e8 | What can a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do? | attend any place of worship contrary to his own faith and judgment | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: \"Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be ... |
5731b46ee99e3014001e61e9 | What is constitutionally forbidden to be established in the state of Georgia? | No one religious society | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: \"Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be ... |
5731b46ee99e3014001e61ea | What will no person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles? | any civil right | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: \"Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be ... |
5731b510e99e3014001e61f0 | When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church? | 1776 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Artic... |
5731b510e99e3014001e61f1 | What religious denomination was the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835? | Protestants | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Artic... |
5731b510e99e3014001e61f2 | What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1835 to 1876? | Christians | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Artic... |
5731b510e99e3014001e61f3 | What part of the NC Constitution forbids atheists from holding public office? | Article VI, Section 8 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Artic... |
5731b510e99e3014001e61f4 | When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses forbidding people from holding public office based on their religion was unenforceable? | 1961 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\n^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Artic... |
5731b5b50fdd8d15006c646f | What shows support for the separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century? | The Flushing Remonstrance | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: \"The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptian... |
5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6470 | What were the Remonstrance opposed to? | religious persecution of any sort | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: \"The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptian... |
5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6471 | When did a group of English citizens sign a document condemning hatred, war and bondage? | December 27, 1657 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: \"The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptian... |
5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6472 | Who were the signers of the document affronted by the persecution of? | Quakers | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: \"The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptian... |
5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6473 | What had Peter Stuyvesant formally banned all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church? | religions | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: \"The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptian... |
5731b690b9d445190005e49d | What did an established church, even at the state level, have? | opponents | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThere were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: \"Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingd... |
5731b690b9d445190005e49e | What was Issac Backus' profession? | Baptist minister | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThere were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: \"Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingd... |
5731b690b9d445190005e49f | What region did Isaac Backus come from? | New England | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThere were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: \"Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingd... |
5731b690b9d445190005e4a0 | When did Isaac Backus write against a state sanctioned religion? | 1773 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThere were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: \"Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingd... |
5731b690b9d445190005e4a1 | When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom enacted? | 1786 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThere were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: \"Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingd... |
5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6483 | Who was Roger Williams? | Baptist theologian | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe phrase \"[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world\" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. T... |
5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6484 | What phrase did Roger Williams first use? | "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe phrase \"[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world\" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. T... |
5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6485 | What colony was Roger Williams the founder of? | Rhode Island | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe phrase \"[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world\" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. T... |
5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6486 | When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published? | 1644 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe phrase \"[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world\" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. T... |
5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6487 | Who used William's phrase as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? | Thomas Jefferson | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe phrase \"[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world\" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. T... |
5731b79a0fdd8d15006c648d | Whose conceptions of separation have long been argued over? | Jefferson and James Madison's | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Vi... |
5731b79a0fdd8d15006c648e | What did Jefferson refuse to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency? | Proclamations of Thanksgiving | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Vi... |
5731b79a0fdd8d15006c648f | How many religious proclamations did Madison issue while President? | four | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Vi... |
5731b79a0fdd8d15006c6490 | Where did both Jefferson and Madison attend religious services? | at the Capitol | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Vi... |
5731b79a0fdd8d15006c6491 | What is essential to the purity of both religion and civil government? | practical distinction | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Vi... |
5731b868e17f3d1400422311 | What did Jefferson's opponents accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity? | destruction | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though ... |
5731b868e17f3d1400422312 | What did Jefferson encourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own? | preachers | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though ... |
5731b868e17f3d1400422313 | How was the state banned from supporting a Professorship of Divinity? | Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though ... |
5731b868e17f3d1400422314 | What scheme did Jefferson apparently support when it came to University students? | attend religious worship each morning | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though ... |
5731b868e17f3d1400422315 | What does Mark David Hall think people focus on way too much? | one Jeffersonian letter | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though ... |
5731b8f8e17f3d1400422325 | When did Jefferson's letter enter American jurisprudence? | 1878 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited... |
5731b8f8e17f3d1400422326 | What was the case that used Jefferson's letter? | Reynolds v. U.S. | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited... |
5731b8f8e17f3d1400422327 | What was the topic of Reynolds v. U.S.? | Mormon polygamy | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited... |
5731b8f8e17f3d1400422328 | What was the court seeking, in using Jefferson's letter? | legal definition for the word religion | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited... |
5731b8f8e17f3d1400422329 | What did the court rule outlawing polygamy was? | constitutional | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited... |
5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c5 | What approach was not the only one taken in the 18th century? | Jefferson and Madison's | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denominat... |
5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c6 | What did Jefferson draft his Statute of Religious Freedom in opposition to? | a bill | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denominat... |
5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c7 | Who was the chief supporter of the bill that got Jefferson motivated to draft his Statute? | Patrick Henry | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denominat... |
5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c8 | What did Patrick Henry want to require Virginians to pay taxes to support? | some denomination | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denominat... |
5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c9 | What did the Constitution of Massachusetts express no one would be restrained from doing? | worshipping God | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nJefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denominat... |
5731ba670fdd8d15006c64ab | What did the Duke of York require every community in his lands to support? | some church | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican. Some chose to support more than one church. He also ordained that... |
5731ba670fdd8d15006c64ac | Instead of Anglican, what were the churches most often supported in New York and New Jersey? | Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican. Some chose to support more than one church. He also ordained that... |
5731ba670fdd8d15006c64ad | What were taxpayers free to do after they paid the Duke of York his local tax? | to choose their own church | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican. Some chose to support more than one church. He also ordained that... |
5731ba670fdd8d15006c64ae | Why was the Duke not a friend of Anglicanism? | openly divine-right Catholic, | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican. Some chose to support more than one church. He also ordained that... |
5731ba670fdd8d15006c64af | When did the first Anglican minister arrive in New Jersey? | 1698 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican. Some chose to support more than one church. He also ordained that... |
5731bb10b9d445190005e4cf | What did the original charter of the Province of East Jersey restrict membership in its Assembly to? | Christians | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe original charter of the Province of East Jersey had restricted membership in the Assembly to Christians; the Duke of York was fervently Catholic, and the proprietors of Perth Amboy, New Jersey were Scottish Catholic peers. The Province of West Jersey had d... |
5731bb10b9d445190005e4d0 | What was the Duke of York's relationship to his religion described as being? | fervently Catholic | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe original charter of the Province of East Jersey had restricted membership in the Assembly to Christians; the Duke of York was fervently Catholic, and the proprietors of Perth Amboy, New Jersey were Scottish Catholic peers. The Province of West Jersey had d... |
5731bb10b9d445190005e4d1 | What religious sect were the proprietors of Perth Amboy? | Scottish Catholic | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe original charter of the Province of East Jersey had restricted membership in the Assembly to Christians; the Duke of York was fervently Catholic, and the proprietors of Perth Amboy, New Jersey were Scottish Catholic peers. The Province of West Jersey had d... |
5731bb10b9d445190005e4d2 | What did the Province of West Jersey specify there would not be for those running for an office, in 1681? | religious test | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe original charter of the Province of East Jersey had restricted membership in the Assembly to Christians; the Duke of York was fervently Catholic, and the proprietors of Perth Amboy, New Jersey were Scottish Catholic peers. The Province of West Jersey had d... |
5731bb10b9d445190005e4d3 | When was an oath requiring militia to abjure the pretensions of the pope replaced? | 1799 | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe original charter of the Province of East Jersey had restricted membership in the Assembly to Christians; the Duke of York was fervently Catholic, and the proprietors of Perth Amboy, New Jersey were Scottish Catholic peers. The Province of West Jersey had d... |
5731bbb5e99e3014001e622c | What does the first amendment to the US Constitution state? | "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof" | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe first amendment to the US Constitution states \"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof\" The two parts, known as the \"establishment clause\" and the \"free exercise clause\" respectivel... |
5731bbb5e99e3014001e622d | What is the first part of the First Amendment know as? | "establishment clause" | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe first amendment to the US Constitution states \"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof\" The two parts, known as the \"establishment clause\" and the \"free exercise clause\" respectivel... |
5731bbb5e99e3014001e622e | What is the last part of the sentence of the First Amendment known as? | "free exercise clause" | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe first amendment to the US Constitution states \"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof\" The two parts, known as the \"establishment clause\" and the \"free exercise clause\" respectivel... |
5731bbb5e99e3014001e622f | What do the two clauses of the First Amendment for the basis of? | the Supreme Court's interpretations of the "separation of church and state" doctrine. | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe first amendment to the US Constitution states \"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof\" The two parts, known as the \"establishment clause\" and the \"free exercise clause\" respectivel... |
5731bbb5e99e3014001e6230 | What are citizens of the United States free to embrace or reject as they choose? | a faith | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe first amendment to the US Constitution states \"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof\" The two parts, known as the \"establishment clause\" and the \"free exercise clause\" respectivel... |
5731bcdc0fdd8d15006c64c3 | What is John Baker of LSU's profession? | legal scholars | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nSome legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a \"national religion\"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general \"religion\" in an... |
5731bcdc0fdd8d15006c64c4 | Why was a more general "religion" used in the language of the First Amendment? | to appease the Anti-Federalists | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nSome legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a \"national religion\"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general \"religion\" in an... |
5731bcdc0fdd8d15006c64c5 | Why was the word "national" a cause for alarm to both Federalists and Anti-Federalists? | because of the experience under the British crown | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nSome legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a \"national religion\"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general \"religion\" in an... |
5731bcdc0fdd8d15006c64c6 | Who took issue with Madison's language during the debate over the establishment clause? | Elbridge Gerry | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nSome legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a \"national religion\"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general \"religion\" in an... |
5731bcdc0fdd8d15006c64c7 | What was Elbridge Gerry's constituency? | Massachusetts | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nSome legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a \"national religion\"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general \"religion\" in an... |
5731bd5e0fdd8d15006c64cd | Where was Representative Roger Sherman from? | Connecticut | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nOthers, such as Rep. Roger Sherman of Connecticut, believed the clause was unnecessary because the original Constitution only gave Congress stated powers, which did not include establishing a national religion. Anti-Federalists such as Rep. Thomas Tucker of So... |
5731bd5e0fdd8d15006c64ce | Why did Sherman believe the establishment clause was unnecessary? | Constitution only gave Congress stated powers | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nOthers, such as Rep. Roger Sherman of Connecticut, believed the clause was unnecessary because the original Constitution only gave Congress stated powers, which did not include establishing a national religion. Anti-Federalists such as Rep. Thomas Tucker of So... |
5731bd5e0fdd8d15006c64cf | What power was not granted to Congress by the Constitution? | establishing a national religion | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nOthers, such as Rep. Roger Sherman of Connecticut, believed the clause was unnecessary because the original Constitution only gave Congress stated powers, which did not include establishing a national religion. Anti-Federalists such as Rep. Thomas Tucker of So... |
5731bd5e0fdd8d15006c64d0 | Where was Representative Thomas Tucker from? | South Carolina | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nOthers, such as Rep. Roger Sherman of Connecticut, believed the clause was unnecessary because the original Constitution only gave Congress stated powers, which did not include establishing a national religion. Anti-Federalists such as Rep. Thomas Tucker of So... |
5731bd5e0fdd8d15006c64d1 | What was Tucker concerned the establishment clause could preempt? | religious clauses in the state constitutions | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nOthers, such as Rep. Roger Sherman of Connecticut, believed the clause was unnecessary because the original Constitution only gave Congress stated powers, which did not include establishing a national religion. Anti-Federalists such as Rep. Thomas Tucker of So... |
5731bde8b9d445190005e4f7 | When was the 14th Amendment to the US Constitution created? | post-Civil War | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments, intended to secure rights for former slaves. It includes the due process and equal protection clauses among others. The amendment introduces the... |
5731bde8b9d445190005e4f8 | What was the intent of the 14th Amendment? | secure rights for former slaves | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments, intended to secure rights for former slaves. It includes the due process and equal protection clauses among others. The amendment introduces the... |
5731bde8b9d445190005e4f9 | What clauses does the 14th Amendment include? | due process and equal protection clauses | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments, intended to secure rights for former slaves. It includes the due process and equal protection clauses among others. The amendment introduces the... |
5731bde8b9d445190005e4fa | What does the 14th Amendment also introduce the concept of? | incorporation of all relevant federal rights against the states | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments, intended to secure rights for former slaves. It includes the due process and equal protection clauses among others. The amendment introduces the... |
5731bde8b9d445190005e4fb | What has the doctrine of incorporation been used to ensure? | application of most of the rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights to the states | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments, intended to secure rights for former slaves. It includes the due process and equal protection clauses among others. The amendment introduces the... |
5731bedce99e3014001e623e | What landmark case has impacted all subsequent interpretations of the separation of church and state in regard to state governments? | Everson v. Board of Education | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe incorporation of the First Amendment establishment clause in the landmark case of Everson v. Board of Education has impacted the subsequent interpretation of the separation of church and state in regard to the state governments. Although upholding the stat... |
5731bedce99e3014001e623f | What did the Supreme Court uphold in Everson v. Board of Education? | state law | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe incorporation of the First Amendment establishment clause in the landmark case of Everson v. Board of Education has impacted the subsequent interpretation of the separation of church and state in regard to the state governments. Although upholding the stat... |
5731bedce99e3014001e6240 | What did the Supreme Court hold the First Amendment establishment clause was fully applicable to? | state governments | [
"Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States\n\nThe incorporation of the First Amendment establishment clause in the landmark case of Everson v. Board of Education has impacted the subsequent interpretation of the separation of church and state in regard to the state governments. Although upholding the stat... |
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