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own pace, meeting with teachers to decide what part of the curriculum to tackle. Teachers still instruct students as a group if it’s needed, but often students are working individually or in small groups on projects that are tailored to their skill level. For instance, in a classroom learning about |
currency, one group could draw pictures of pennies and nickels. A student who has mastered that skill might use pretend money to practice making change. Students who progress quickly can finish high school material early and move forward with college coursework. Alternatively, in some districts, high-schoolers who need... |
can stick around for another year. Advocates say the approach cuts down on discipline problems because advanced students aren’t bored and struggling students aren’t frustrated. Kansas City’s traditional public schools have seen enrollment fall by half as students move to suburbs or enroll in charter or private schools;... |
that at this point you haven’t mastered the competencies yet and when you do, you will move to the next level.” In a Marzano Research Laboratory study of 15 school districts in Alaska, Colorado and Florida, “researchers found that students who learned through the different approach were 2.5 times more |
likely to score at a level that shows they have a good grasp of the material on exams for reading, writing, and mathematics.” Greg Johnson, director of curriculum and instruction for the Bering Strait School District in Alaska, recalled that before the switch there were students who had been on |
honor roll throughout high school then failed a test the state requires for graduation. Now, he said if students are on pace to pass a class like Algebra I, the likelihood of them passing the state exam covering that material is more than 90 percent. Teachers love the new approach, |
The Library of Congress has recently digitalized a collection of over 10,000 photographs, taken by the "American Colony" in Jerusalem, a group of Christian utopians who lived in Jerusalem between 1881 and the 1940s. The photographers returned to the US, |
and bequeathed their massive collection to the Library of Congress in 1978. The collection includes Winston Churchill's visit to Jerusalem, Jewish expulsions from the Old City during riots, and the building of Tel Aviv. By some accounts, the Valero family |
arrived in Jerusalem in the 18th or 19th centuries from Turkey. Researchers have even suggested that the family were once Conversos - secret Jews who were forced to convert to Christianity in Spain. They later traveled to Turkey and returned |
to their Jewish faith. In Jerusalem, the family took up residence in the Old City of Jerusalem. According to a monograph by Hebrew University's Prof. Ruth Kark and Joseph Glass, Ya'akov Valero arrived in Jerusalem in 1835 from Istanbul. Originally |
a ritual slaughterer, Valero opened a private bank - the first in Palestine - in 1848, located inside Jaffa Gate in the Old City. When Ya'akov died in 1874, the banking and real estate enterprise was eventually taken over by |
his son Chaim Aharon. Among the Valeros' land holdings were tracts outside of the Old City on Jaffa Road, the area that eventually became the Mahane Yehuda market, the grounds of the Bikur Holim hospital, and several acres around Damascus |
Gate, a hub of commerce in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Prior to World War I Chaim Aharon built and leased stores at the entrance of Damascus Gate, seen in the pictures above. In the 1930s, the British authorities |
Ever promised yourself that this year you were definitely going to give that bad habit the flick, only to give into your vice again after only a couple of hours? |
Well, the good news is that ‘bad’ habit may not actually be as harmful as you think. Here are 10 common ‘bad’ habits that are actually good for your health. |
Most of us love a good gossip, whether we’re giggling over a colleague’s new romance or passing an opinion on someone’s outfit choice or behaviour, and the good news is |
that gossiping could actually be good for us. Not only does listening to gossip help us to learn more about the characters of those around us, bonding and having a |
laugh with your peers also releases feel-good hormones which help to relieve stress and anxiety. Although drinking too much coffee can be detrimental to your health, in smaller quantities the |
popular hot drink can actually be good for you. When drunk in moderation (no more than three cups per day), caffeine can speed up your metabolism, boost exercise endurance and |
reduce your risk of gallstones and kidney stones. A study by the Harvard Medical School has also found that women who drink two or more cups of coffee a day |
are less likely to be depressed, while separate research has shown that drinking three cups cuts risk of age-related diabetes. It’s the bane of school teachers everywhere, yet research suggests |
that fidgeting may be no bad thing – at least in us adults. Research suggests that fidgeting can burn up to 350 extra calories a day, helping you to keep |
off those excess pounds. To further increase your calorie burn, try to squeeze in more incidental exercise, such as getting up to change the channel rather than using the remote |
control. Swearing: it’s not big and it’s not clever… but studies suggest that in certain situations it may actually be good for you. According to a study by the University |
of East Anglia, swearing at work could help employees cope with stress and maintain solidarity. Meanwhile, researchers at Keele University’s School of Psychology found that swearing can provide effective short-term |
relief from pain. However, the study also notes that swearing should be reserved for crises only, as the higher the daily swearing frequency was for participants, the less pain relief |
they experienced. Skipping a shower OK, so repeatedly missing showers may not win you any friends, but if you are ever tempted to skip a shower here and there, research |
suggests that you could be doing your health (and the environment) a favour. Daily washing not only strips your skin of the natural oils that keep it hydrated and supple, |
it could also strip your skin of good bacteria that help to prevent disease. If you do decide to skip a shower, just try to do it on a day |
when you won’t be vigorously working out! Losing your temper Many of us have been brought up to believe that losing our temper is the ultimate social faux pas. To |
an extent this is true (nobody wants to hang out with that person who is always losing their cool and shouting their mouth off), however research has found that losing |
your temper could actually be good for your health. Venting your emotions is believed to reduce the effects of stress, while a Swedish study found that men who bottled up |
their anger when unfairly treated at work doubled their risk of having a heart attack. In recent years, official advice has been that we should cover up in the sun |
at all times to protect ourselves from skin cancer. However, more recently experts have stated that actually little and frequent sun exposure is good for us. In the UK, where |
vitamin D deficiency is common, seven leading health groups and charities have issued a statement advising everyone to spend 10 minutes in the midday sun without sunblock in order to |
avoid rickets. Meanwhile, a US study has stated that the vitamin D produced by the sun could help ward off colds and flu. However, experts have stressed that people should |
cover up after 10 minutes, and skin should never be red at the end of the day. Having a lie-in Feeling guilty about your weekend lie-in? Don’t be! Research has |
found that sleep can help you live longer, boost your memory and reduce stress, while not getting enough can lead to accidents, weight gain, and increased risk of heart disease. |
Furthermore, delaying your morning workout in favour of some shut-eye may have health benefits, as research from Brunel University found that heavy training sessions early in the morning can compromise |
the immune system. Giving in to your cravings Although constantly giving into junk food cravings is a sure-fire way to sabotage your healthy eating success, allowing yourself the odd treat |
will not only boost your happiness, it will also help you keep motivated to stay on track. Also, as many people crave the foods that they most attempt to resist, |
allowing yourself a little of what you fancy can actually help to reduce cravings. If you have imposed extreme restrictions on your diet and cut out entire food groups, cravings |
could also be a sign of a nutrient deficiency in your diet. Many of us view daydreaming as a sign of laziness or form of procrastination; however, researchers at the |
University of British Columbia have found that letting your mind wander can actually help boost your problem-solving abilities. The study found that when participants minds wandered, the parts of their |
brain associated with problem-solving became more active than when focused on routine tasks. So, while daydreaming can increase the time it takes to complete your present task, it can allow |
you to unconsciously sort through other important problems in your life. Realbuzz.com is a healthy lifestyle blog which will keep you informed on most aspects of a healthy lifestyle. You |
When you are injected with the flu vaccine, your body reacts as if it has been infected with the actual living virus and makes antibodies that provide immunity against the real virus. These antibodies remain at high levels for only six to nine months. These waning antibody levels are one |
reason why you need to be revaccinated each year. The main reason you should be revaccinated yearly is the flu virus is constantly changing and evolving into new strains. Each year the CDC attempts to predict which flu strain will be predominant. The CDC works with vaccine manufacturers to produce |
the specific vaccine that will combat the predicted strain. If you are concerned about the cost of a flu immunization, check with your local health department for locations in your area where free flu shots are given. Treating yourself at home When you are exposed to the flu, the virus |
incubates for three to five days before symptoms begin. You probably have the flu if you come down with a high fever, sore throat, muscle aches, a runny or stuffy nose, and a cough (usually dry). The symptoms in children may also include vomiting, diarrhea and ear infections. Flu is |
usually self-treatable but has to run its course. You can treat symptoms by getting bed rest, drinking plenty of fluids, taking acetaminophen for aches and pains, and using a humidifier to keep nasal passages moist. Expect the flu to last about five days, which is the time it takes your |
body to produce the antibodies that finally beat the infection. You will be protected from that strain of influenza for the rest of the season. Some people continue to feel ill and cough for more than two weeks. In some cases, the flu can make health conditions such as asthma |
or diabetes worse or lead to complications such as bacterial pneumonia. Adults older than 65 and people with chronic health conditions have the greatest risk for complications from the flu, the CDC says. Antiviral medications are also recommended to treat the flu--amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivir and oseltamivir--but... |
the first two days of illness to be effective, the CDC says. They can reduce the length of time flu symptoms are present. These medications usually are used in hospitals, nursing homes and other institutions where people are at high risk for complications of the flu. Some side effects may |
result from taking these medications, such as nervousness, lightheadedness, or nausea. Individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are cautioned about using zanamivir. Talk to your health care provider if you think you should take one of these medications. These medications are not meant as a subst... |
It's been nearly 10 years since Tropical Storm Allison devastated the Houston area with 40 inches of rain. The floodwaters shut down hospitals, destroyed thousands of homes and killed 23 people in Texas. The storm caused flooding the first time it passed over the bayou city on June 4, 2001. |
But the worst flooding came a few days later when it turned around and targeted Houston again. Allison caused $5.5 billion in damages and taught Houstonians that tropical storms can be even more dangerous than hurricanes. It remains the deadliest and costliest storm in U.S. history. |
'Huge' Gaps In Mental Health Care For Children, Experts Warn NBCNEWS.COM - The U.S. mental health system has huge gaps that prevent many children with psychological problems from receiving effective treatment that could prevent tragic consequences later in life, experts told U.S. lawmakers on Thursday. Just over a mont... |
psychological disorders usually emerge before people enter high school but that only one-quarter of children with problems see trained professionals and often the care is not "We see the results of insufficient mental health care in school failure and suicide. How do we do better?" Michael Hogan, head of the President'... |
testimony to the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. "While the gaps in children's mental health care are huge, there is also reason for hope," he added. "In part, this is because we know more about what works, and what doesn't." Hogan, a former New York mental health commissioner, was scheduled to ... |
the Senate committee's first hearing on mental health issues since the presidency of Republican George W. Bush, who set up the commission Hogan now chairs. The hearing was scheduled in response to the shootings at Newtown's Sandy Hook Elementary School where Adam Lanza, a young man described as having mental issues, gu... |
an AR-15-type assault rifle on Dec. 14. The tragedy and other mass shootings in recent years have ignited a debate about gun control and mental health, including a push by President Barack Obama for stronger gun controls and better mental health training for schools and communities. Robert Vero, chief executive of a ne... |
health professionals who work with children also lack access to parents and other relatives whose problems may contribute to a child's troubles, sometimes due to inadequate insurance "We need to be able to teach parenting skills if we want the child's behavior to change," said Vero. "We need to be able to address the p... |
credited Obama's healthcare reform law, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, with making a step forward by requiring insurers including Medicaid to provide coverage for mental But they said the American social safety net still fails to provide adequate access for the poor and elderly, noting that state menta... |
a result of budget constraints posed by recession and the weak economic recovery. Monday, May 20 2013 11:47 PM EDT2013-05-21 03:47:27 GMT KHQ.COM - Time-lapsed video of a massive 2-mile-wide tornado rips through southern Oklahoma City on Monday. This footage has been sped up by 10X.>> KHQ.COM - Time-lapsed video of a m... |
on Monday. This footage has been sped up by 10X. So far more than 50 people have died, including 20 children, following the tornado that tore through Moore, Oklahoma Monday. Officials say that number is expected rise as crews work through the night to find people buried in the rubble. >> Sunday, May 19 2013 7:54 PM EDT... |
KHQ.COM - The 2013 Spokane Lilac Festival Armed Forces Torchlight Parade is in the books. >> KHQ.COM - The 2013 Spokane Lilac Festival Armed Forces Torchlight Parade is in the books. With tens of thousands of people in downtown Spokane watching the parade, the floats, the marching bands, we know you took plenty of pict... |
Kidney Stones in Children On this page: - What is a kidney stone? - What is the urinary tract? - Are kidney stones common in children? - What causes kidney stones in children? - What are the signs and symptoms of kidney stones in children? - What types of kidney stones occur in children? - How are kidney stones in |
children diagnosed? - How are kidney stones in children treated? - How are kidney stones in children prevented? - Eating, Diet, and Nutrition - Points to Remember - Hope through Research - For More Information What is a kidney stone? A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when substances tha... |
in the urine become highly concentrated. A stone may stay in the kidney or travel down the urinary tract. Kidney stones vary in size. A small stone may pass out of the body causing little or no pain. A larger stone may get stuck along the urinary tract and can block the flow of urine, causing severe pain or blood |
that can be seen in the urine. What is the urinary tract? The urinary tract is the body’s drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist and located below the ... |
on each side of the spine, toward the middle of the back. Every minute, a person’s kidneys filter about 3 ounces of blood, removing wastes and extra water. The wastes and extra water make up the 1 to 2 quarts of urine an adult produces each day. Children produce less urine each day; the amount produced depends on their... |
The urine travels from the kidneys down two narrow tubes called the ureters. The urine is then stored in a balloonlike organ called the bladder. When the bladder empties, urine flows out of the body through a tube called the urethra at the bottom of the bladder. Are kidney stones common in children? No exact informatio... |
kidney stones in children is available, but many kidney specialists report seeing more children with this condition in recent years. While kidney stones are more common in adults, they do occur in infants, children, and teenagers from all races and ethnicities What causes kidney stones in children? Kidney stones can fo... |
and phosphorous—become highly concentrated due to one or more causes: - Defects in the urinary tract may block the flow of urine and create pools of urine. In stagnant urine, stone-forming substances tend to settle together into stones. Up to one-third of children who have stones have an anatomic abnormality in their u... |
genetic cause. In other words, the tendency to form stones can run in families due to inherited factors. - An unhealthy lifestyle may make children more likely to have kidney stones. For example, drinking too little water or drinking the wrong types of fluids, such as soft drinks or drinks with caffeine, may cause subs... |
too concentrated. Similarly, too much sodium, or salt, in the diet may contribute to more chemicals in the urine, causing an increase in stone formation. Some doctors believe increases in obesity rates, less active lifestyles, and diets higher in salt may be causing more children to have kidney stones. - Sometimes, a u... |
form. Some types of bacteria in the urinary tract break down urea—a waste product removed from the blood by the kidneys—into substances that form stones. - Some children have metabolic disorders that lead to kidney stones. Metabolism is the way the body uses digested food for energy, including the process of breaking d... |
and removing the wastes that remain. The most common metabolic disorder that causes kidney stones in children is hypercalciuria, which causes extra calcium to collect in the urine. Other more rare metabolic conditions involve problems breaking down oxalate, a substance made in the body and found in some foods. These co... |
oxalosis, characterized by deposits of oxalate and calcium in the body’s tissues. Another rare metabolic condition called cystinuria can cause kidney stones. Cystinuria is an excess of the amino acid cystine in the urine. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. What are the signs and symptoms of kidney stones ... |
while urinating, see blood in the urine, or feel a sharp pain in the back or lower abdomen. The pain may last for a short or long time. Children may experience nausea and vomiting with the pain. However, children who have small stones that pass easily through the urinary tract may not have symptoms at all. What types o... |
stones occur in children? Four major types of kidney stones occur in - Calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stone and occur in two major forms: calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Calcium oxalate stones are more common. Calcium oxalate stone formation has various causes, which may include high calcium e... |
phosphate stones are caused by alkaline urine. - Uric acid stones form when the urine is persistently acidic. A diet rich in purines—substances found in animal proteins such as meats, fish, and shellfish—may cause uric acid. If uric acid becomes concentrated in the urine, it can settle and form a stone by itself or alo... |
result from kidney infections. Eliminating infected stones from the urinary tract and staying infectionfree can prevent more struvite stones. - Cystine stones result from a genetic disorder that causes cystine to leak through the kidneys and into the urine in high concentration, forming crystals that tend to accumulate... |
diagnosing any illness begins with consideration of the symptoms. Pain or bloody urine may be the first symptom. Urine, blood, and imaging tests will help determine whether symptoms are caused by a stone. Urine tests can be used to check for infection and for substances that form stones. Blood tests can be used to chec... |
lead to kidney stones. Various imaging techniques can be used to locate the stone: - Ultrasound uses a device, called a transducer, that bounces safe, painless sound waves off organs to create an image of their structure. An abdominal ultrasound can create images of the entire urinary tract. The procedure is performed ... |
or hospital by a specially trained technician, and the images are interpreted by a radiologist—a doctor who specializes in medical imaging; anesthesia is not needed. The images can show the location of any stones. This test does not expose children to radiation, unlike some other imaging tests. Although other tests are... |
in the lower portion of the ureter, ultrasound is considered by many health care providers to be the best screening test to look for stones. - Computerized tomography (CT) scans use a combination of x rays and computer technology to create threedimensional (3-D) images. A CT scan may include the injection of a special ... |
require the child to lie on a table that slides into a tunnel-shaped device where the x rays are taken. The procedure is performed in an outpatient center or hospital by an x-ray technician, and the images are interpreted by a radiologist; anesthesia is not needed. CT scans may be required to get an accurate stone coun... |
being considered for urologic surgery. Because CT scans expose children to a moderate amount of radiation, health care providers try to reduce radiation exposure in children by avoiding repeated CT scans, restricting the area scanned as much as possible, and using the lowest radiation dose that will provide the needed ... |
of the child’s urinary tract. The images can be taken at an outpatient center or hospital by an x-ray technician, and the images are interpreted by a radiologist; anesthesia is not needed. The x rays are used to locate many kinds of stones. A conventional x ray is generally less informative than an ultrasound or CT sca... |
less expensive and can be done more quickly than other imaging procedures. How are kidney stones in children treated? The treatment for a kidney stone usually depends on its size and what it is made of, as well as whether it is causing symptoms of pain or obstructing the urinary tract. Small stones usually pass through... |
treatment. Still, children will often require pain control and encouragement to drink lots of fluids to help move the stone along. Pain control may consist of oral or intravenous (IV) medication, depending on the duration and severity of the pain. IV fluids may be needed if the child becomes dehydrated from vomiting or... |
a larger stone, or one that blocks urine flow and causes great pain, may need to be hospitalized for more urgent treatment. Hospital treatments may include - Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). A machine called a lithotripter is used by the doctor to crush the kidney stone. In SWL, the child lies on a table or, less commonly... |
of water above the lithotripter. The lithotripter generates shock waves that pass through the child’s body to break the kidney stone into smaller particles to pass more readily through the urinary tract. Children younger than age 12 may receive general anesthesia during the procedure. Older children usually receive an ... |
a ureteroscope. A ureteroscope is a long, tubelike instrument used to visualize the urinary tract. After the child receives a sedative, the doctor inserts the ureteroscope into the child’s urethra and slides the scope through the bladder and into the ureter. Through the ureteroscope, which has a small basket attached t... |
and remove the stone in the ureter. - Lithotripsy with a ureteroscope. Another way to treat a kidney stone through a ureteroscope is to extend a flexible fiber through the scope up to the stone. The fiber is attached to a laser generator. Instead of shock waves, the fiber delivers a laser beam to break the stone into s... |
that can pass out of the body in the urine. The child may receive general anesthesia or - Percutaneous nephrolithotomy. In this procedure, a tube is inserted directly into the kidney through an incision in the child’s back. Using a wire-thin viewing instrument called a nephroscope, the doctor locates and removes the st... |
acts as a lithotripter may be needed to deliver shock waves that break the stone into small pieces that can be removed more easily. Children receive general anesthesia for percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Often, children stay in the hospital for several days after the procedure and may have a small tube called a nephrosto... |
The nephrostomy tube drains urine and any residual stone fragments from the kidney into a urine collection bag. The tube usually is left in the kidney for 2 or 3 days while the child remains in How are kidney stones in children prevented? To prevent kidney stones, health care providers and their patients must understan... |
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