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to describe a full leaf tea with tips. Names like: Assam, Darjeeling, Yunnan, and Ceylon refer to the region where the tea was grown Lower quality black teas are prepared from fannings and dust (not full leaf) will taste bitter and harsh. Full leaf black teas will have aromas that |
are clean, nutty, and bright, with flavors that are brisk, full, coppery and soft. Pu·erh (pū-ĕr) is an ancient healing tea picked from 500 year old organic wild tea trees in the majestic mountains of China's Yunnan province. Pu·erh’s history began over 2000 years ago when tea was transported along |
five Tea Horse Roads’. The first and most traveled road began in the village of Pu Erh. In order to maximize their load, merchants compressed the tea, and to their surprise, the tea tasted better at the journey’s end and yielded additional health benefits. It is said the Last Emperor’s |
mother, known as the Beautiful Countenance, was cured of her gout by drinking Pu·erh Pu·erh is processed differently than traditional white, green, oolong, and black teas. Pu·erh undergoes a unique fermenting process: once picked, the leaves are piled, dampened, and turned, over a 60-day period. The tea is then dried |
and ready to be compressed into bricks for additional aging, or left as loose tea, which Numi uses in its tea bags. The resulting taste is rich and smooth with hints of malt - a great alternative to coffee. Numi is first to bring you this revolutionary healthy tea in |
tea bags, aged compressed tea bricks and bottled iced teas. Health & Vitality The roots of these mature trees gather more minerals from the earth resulting in elevated levels of antioxidants; more than most green teas. The unique fermentation process then acts on the nutrients that already exist in the |
tea leaves. Pu·erh has been purported in Chinese culture to aid digestion and metabolism, maintain healthy cholesterol levels, help with weight management and naturally boost energy (without the jitters).* According to independent ORAC tests, Numi’s bottled Puerh iced teas contain 3x more antioxidants than leading bran... |
teas. *Along with a healthy diet and exercise. After tea leaves are picked and still moist, they are sewn with cotton thread together with flowers into various shapes and bundles (tea leaves may also be scented with jasmine blossoms before sewing for a more floral flavor). Some shapes take one |
minute to sew, while other more elaborate designs containing lilies, chrysanthemum, or osmanthus flowers may take up to twelve minutes. The sewn leaves and flowers are shaped into bundles or rosettes and then undergo the usual drying and firing process. They require boiling water in order for the leaves to |
expand and unfurl. Tea is a misnomer for anything steeped in hot water. Teas come from the tea plant. “Teasan” is our term, from the French tisanes, for brewed herbal beverages; which, strictly speaking, are not from the camellia sinensis plant. Herbal teasans are dried pure herbs, fruits, spices and |
flowers, and are naturally caffeine free (with a few exceptions like Yerba Mate). Grown all over the world, teasans have been steeped in hot water since the beginning of time for a warm soothing beverage or an inigorating boost to the day. “Tea absorbs yesterday’s weather” and soaks in anything |
around it. It is recommended to store loose leaf tea in an air-tight container that is placed in a dry cool area away from light and strong scented items such as coffee or spices. Stored in this fashion, tea will remain fresh for approximately 6 - 9 months. We offer |
small and large storage containers. Tea is one of the few beverages naturally containing caffeine and has been enjoyed for millennia as an enlivened boost with focused clarity. Unlike coffee which is absorbed quickly and can cause unpleasant jitters and an afternoon crash, the caffeine in tea provides a gentle |
and sustained energy balanced by the calming effect of theanine, another compound found naturally in tea leaves. This unique combination makes tea the perfect beverage to enjoy throughout the day. A 6 to 8 ounce cup of tea generally contains between 15 and 70 milligrams of caffeine. Remember, 8 ounces |
of brewed coffee has a range of 95-200 miligrams, so you can be sure that your cup of tea will always be lower in caffeine. We’re asked all the time how many milligrams of caffeine are in a particular tea, and the honest answer is: we don’t know for sure! |
The environment each year, location of the bush, processing style and method of steeping all has an effect on the amount in your cup, so we can only provide a range. We use the lower, medium, high and higher caffeine labeling on our package based on past tests and the |
proportion of tea to ingredients in each blend. Our decaffeinated teas have 99.9% of the caffeine removed with a beneficial process known as effervescence that leaves no-residue and preserves the antioxidants. Herbal teasans are derived from a variety of plants and herbs that naturally do not contain caffeine and are |
|NIH Guidance on Informed Consent For Gene Transfer Research NIH GUIDELINES: "How will the major points covered in Appendix M-II, Description of Proposal, be disclosed to potential participants and/or their |
parents or guardians in a language that is understandable to them?" Improving Comprehensibility of the Consent Form: Comprehensibility of the consent form is promoted by: The text of the consent |
form can then provide detailed information about the particular study, and may repeat some of the summarized issues in the context of the particular study. Sometimes, "research" and "treatment" terms |
are used interchangeably in consent forms. Consistent use of terms is preferred, however, to help minimize the potential for confusion. For example, one term should be used to describe the |
experimental gene transfer intervention, instead of calling it, at various places, study injection, delivery of a modified virus vector, or gene shot. One term should be used to refer to |
the investigator (instead of using, for example, both "researcher" and "study doctor"), and one term should refer to participants (instead of using, for example, both "patients" and "subjects" to refer |
to those enrolled in the study). Furthermore, consent forms should be written in the second person rather than the first person. Telling potential subjects, "This is what will happen to |
you if you are in this study" conveys information more clearly than "I have been told that if I join this study, this will happen to me" - a construction |
that can be awkward and confusing. In addition, the use of emphatic and directive language should be avoided. A common example is "You understand that....". This construction should never be |
used in consent forms because it conveys a presumption about what the participants comprehend and detracts from the consent form's proper educational focus on providing information and explanations to potential |
participants. Various tools exist to gauge the comprehensibility of the consent form before it is used with potential participants. Such tools include: Improving Comprehensibility of the Consent Process: In some |
studies that are especially complicated or risky, or that propose to enroll especially vulnerable participants, it may be desirable to develop a communication evaluation plan to ensure that study personnel |
have clearly and thoroughly explained key information and that potential participants understand key issues. Such evaluation can take many forms, including: Communicating with Non-English Speakers: Federal regulations require that consent |
be provided in a language understood by the potential participant. For potential participants who do not understand English, it may be advisable for the consent form and any supplementary materials |
to be professionally translated and for the translation to be checked for scientific accuracy so that important nuances are properly conveyed. In addition, investigators, institutional review boards, institutional biosafety committees, |
and institutions should have appropriate plans in place for use of interpreters experienced with the translation of medical information in all verbal communication during the consent process and throughout the |
The good news just keeps rolling in for sharks – this time from Toronto and Taiwan. Yesterday the Toronto City Council voted to ban the sale and use of shark |
fins in the city; the ban will take effect in September 2012. Meanwhile, Taiwan has announced its intention to ban the practice of shark finning starting next year, a step |
forward in promoting the sustainable fishing and humane treatment of sharks. Shark finning is the practice of cutting the valuable fins off of sharks, and throwing the dead or dying |
body back in the ocean. Shark fins are used to make shark fin soup, a popular and expensive dish that is served primarily in China and Taiwan. While the new |
regulation won’t stop the catching of sharks, it will mean that boats have to bring the whole shark in to port. This means that the species and size of the |
caught sharks can be monitored, and therefore can help assess the trends in populations. While this is a step in the right direction, it is important to reduce the demand |
for shark fins as well. Up to 73 million sharks are killed each year for the global shark fin trade, and according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, |
about 20 percent of all sharks are threatened with extinction. That’s why Oceana works to save sharks from overfishing. You can help by supporting our work to protect sharks! - |
Disabled Killer Whale Survives with Help from Its Pod Posted Tue, May 21, 2013 - Oceana CEO Andy Sharpless Discusses His New Book, The Perfect Protein Posted Wed, May 22, |
leafscale gulper shark Today the European Commission proposed new catch limits for 2013 and 2014 that will allow fishermen to exploit some little-known but important deep-sea fishes against the advice of scientists. As this video of the European deep-sea prepared by our European office demonstrates, even though light d... |
the animals themselves often have fittingly strange names, like the Mediterranean slimehead, greater forkbeard, and conger, to name a few. Some species, like the roundnose grenadier, blue ling and red seabream, need special protection. Executive Director of Oceana Europe, Xavier Pastor explains why: “Due to their biolo... |
overexploitation. Their management must, now more than ever, follow the precautionary approach.” European fishermen have increasingly turned to scouring the deep-sea for fish as more traditional stocks have fallen and pirate fishermen have been able to hammer stocks of threatened deep-sea sharks through the sale of sha... |
the picturesque Algarve section of Portugal using an underwater robot, known as an ROV, to explore and document the scarcely seen world of seamounts, deep-sea coral reefs and seafloor habitat. It’s an effort that will help scientists develop conservation proposals and better protect this vital ecosystem--one that can b... |
Seco de los Olivos: Overview Located in front of the coast of Almeria (southeast Spain), the Chella Bank (Seco de los Olivos in Spanish) is a seamount whose top is |
found at a depth of 80 metres. It is a set of elevations that houses a very rich biodiversity, including deep-sea coral reefs, cetaceans, sharks and lots of fish. Oceana |
is responsible for documenting this area as a partner of the LIFE+ INDEMARES project of the European Union, with the objective of turning it into a protected marine area within |
the Natura 2000 Network. In the frame of this project, Oceana has obtained never before seen images of the bank with an underwater robot (ROV). As well as these videos, |
which reach 600 metres depth, the on board diaries which are identified with the logo LIFE+ INDEMARES illustrate the main findings of the 2010, 2011 and 2012 expeditions and also |
explain the threats presented by aggressive fishing and rubbish. Oceana first documented Chella Bank in 2006 and the following year found in these waters the first carnivorous sponge observed in |
Spain. All the details put together up to now demonstrate that this site in the Alboran sea is an ecologically important area within the Mediterranean and it is necessary to |
Beersheba - A Spring and an Oath Be’er means a spring and Sheva means an oath, and the two combine to form the name of the city that is known as the capital of the Negev of modern Israel. Ancient |
Beersheba is where the Patriarch Avraham discovered a spring and where he made a covenant with the Philistines which he sealed with an oath. The well built on this spring was eventually stuffed up by the Philistines until the Patriarch |
Yitzchak restored it to use. Like his father he also made a covenant with the Philistines and reinstituted the name given to it, which became the name of the city that grew around it. |
PBS P.O.V - Standing Silent Nation (2007) What does a family have to endure to create a future for itself? In April 2000, Alex White Plume and his Lakota family planted industrial hemp on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South |
Dakota after other crops had failed. They put their hopes for a sustainable economy in hemp's hardiness and a booming worldwide demand for its many products, from clothing to food. Although growing hemp, a relative of marijuana, was banned in |
the U.S., Alex believed that tribal sovereignty, along with hemp's non-psychoactive properties, would protect him. But when federal agents raided the White Plumes' fields, the Lakota Nation was swept into a Byzantine struggle over tribal sovereignty, economic rights and common |
This article is about monastic cells (living quarters). The term cell applies to such a living space in a building, usually within a cenobitic monastery, which consists of rooms for each monk or nun, as well as a hermit's primitive solitary living space (possibly a cave, hut in the desert, deep forest, etc.) isolated f... |
also contains communal rooms for eating. In 2005, the oldest physical example of living quarters for Christian monks was found by renovators who were repairing paintings in a fifteenth-century church at the site of the ancient Monastery of St. Anthony in Egypt, near the Red Sea. The monastery was founded in the mid-fou... |
Theophany (from Greek theophania, meaning "appearance of God") is one of the Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church, celebrated on January 6. It is the feast which reveals the Most |
Holy Trinity to the world through the Baptism of the Lord (Mt.3:13-17; Mark 1:9-11; Luke 3:21-22). Baptism of Christ This observance commemorates Christ's baptism by John the Forerunner in the |
River Jordan, and the beginning of Christ's earthly ministry. The Feast of Theophany is the culmination of the Christmas Season, which starts on December 25 and ends on January 6. |
In mystic commemoration of this event, the Great Blessing of Water is performed on this day, and the holy water so blessed is used by the local priest to bless |
the homes of the faithful. The feast is called Theophany because at the baptism of Christ the Holy Trinity appeared clearly to mankind for the first time -- the Father's |
voice is heard from Heaven, the Son of God is incarnate and standing physically in the Jordan, and the Holy Spirit descends on Him in the form of a dove. |
This feast is also sometimes referred to as Epiphany by English-speaking Orthodox Christians, but that name more properly refers to the Western Christian feast falling on that same day and |
commemorating the visit of the Magi to the child Jesus. The term "Epiphany" does appear in the services for this feast, however. Originally, there was just one Christian feast of |
the shining forth of God to the world in the human form of Jesus of Nazareth. It included the celebration of Christ's birth, the adoration of the Wisemen, and all |
of the childhood events of Christ such as his circumcision and presentation to the temple as well as his baptism by John in the Jordan. There seems to be little |
doubt that this feast, like Easter and Pentecost, was understood as the fulfillment of a previous Jewish festival, in this case the Feast of Lights. Celebration of the feast The |
services of Theophany are set up exactly as those of the Nativity. Historically the Christmas services were established later. - For as many as been baptized into Christ, - have |
put on Christ The gospel readings of all the services tell of the Lord's baptism by John in the Jordan River. The epistle reading of the Divine Liturgy tells of |
the consequences of the Lord's appearing which is the divine epiphany. Since the main feature of the feast is the blessing of water. It is prescribed to follow both the |
Divine Liturgy of the eve of the feast and the Divine Liturgy of the day itself. But most local parishes do it only once when most of the parishioners can |
be present. The blessing verifies that mankind, and all of creation, were created to be filled with the sanctifying presence of God. - When You, O Lord were baptized in |
the Jordan - The worship of the Trinity was made manifest - For the voice of the Father bore witness to You - And called You His beloved Son. - |
And the Spirit, in the form of a dove, - Confirmed the truthfulness of His word. - O Christ, our God, You have revealed Yourself - And have enlightened the |
world, glory to You! Kontakion (Tone 4) - Today You have shown forth to the world, O Lord, - and the light of Your countenance has been marked on us. |
- Knowing You, we sing Your praises. - You have come and revealed Yourself, - O unapproachable Light. Troparion (Tone 4) - Today the Lord enters the Jordan and cries |
out to John: - "Do not be afraid to baptize me. - For I have come to save Adam, the first-formed man." Kontakion (Tone 4) - Prepare, O Zebulon, - |
And adorn yourself, O Naphtali; - River Jordan, cease flowing - And receive with joy the Master coming to be baptized. - Adam, rejoice with our First Mother - And |
do not hide yourself as you did of old in Paradise; - For having seen you naked, - He has appeared to clothe you with the first garment. - Christ |
has appeared to renew all creation. Eve and Afterfeast hymn Troparion (Tone 4) - Of old, the river Jordan - Turned back before Elisha's mantle at Elijah's ascension. - The |
waters were parted in two - And the waterway became a dry path. - This is truly a symbol of baptism - By which we pass through this mortal life. |
- Christ has appeared in the Jordan to sanctify the waters! - Discourse On the Day of the Baptism of Christ Saint John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople - Epiphany The |
Orthodox Faith by Fr. Thomas Hopko - Feast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ - OCA website - The Baptism of Christ - Uncovering Bethany beyond |
What is the CA 19-9 Radioimmunoassay (RIA) test? What does the CA 19-9 test measure? The CA 19-9 Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a simple blood test that measures the level of tumor-associated antigens found in the blood serum of a person who has pancreatic cancer. Antigens are substances that cause the |
immune system to make a specific immune response. CA 19-9 antigens are foreign substances released by pancreatic tumor cells. The normal range of CA 19-9 in the blood of a healthy individual is 0-37 U/ml (Units per milliliter). CA 19-9 associated antigen levels are elevated in the blood of many |
patients with pancreatic cancer. It is important to note that not every patient with pancreatic cancer will have an elevated CA 19-9 level and some non-cancerous conditions can cause high CA 19-9 levels. For these reasons, the CA 19-9 test cannot be used as a diagnostic or screening test for |
pancreatic cancer. When is the CA 19-9 test performed? After the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is confirmed and if the individual’s CA 19-9 level was elevated before treatment, the CA 19-9 test is used periodically to judge the effectiveness of various treatments. What do the values or numbers of a |
CA 19-9 test mean? In general, if CA 19-9 values increase, then progression or growth of the tumor is indicated. If the values remain the same, then the disease is stable. Finally, if CA 19-9 values decrease, then a response to treatment is indicated. A decline in CA 19-9 levels |
after treatment for pancreatic cancer followed by a rise later may suggest tumor recurrence. Why is the CA 19-9 test performed? Changes in CA 19-9 levels help determine if the tumor is progressing, remaining stable or responding to treatment. This test helps doctors decide if treatment should be changed or |
if additional tests or scans are necessary. How is the CA 19-9 test performed? A blood sample is taken from the patient and then sent to a laboratory for testing to determine the level of CA 19-9 present in the blood. This blood sample is measured using a radioimmunoassay, or |
RIA, test. Radioimmunoassay is a laboratory technique that can identify specific substances in the blood. How often is the CA 19-9 test performed? The doctor will determine how frequently the CA 19-9 tests should be performed. If the tumor seems to be growing despite treatment efforts, the CA 19-9 test |
may be repeated weekly or after each round of treatment is completed. In a patient who is not currently receiving treatment, the CA 19-9 test may be used periodically over time to determine if that patient should resume treatment or undergo additional testing. People who had their tumors surgically removed |
might have periodic CA 19-9 tests as part of their follow-up care. Can conditions other than pancreatic cancer cause an elevated CA 19-9? Yes. While a high CA 19-9 is most commonly associated with pancreatic cancer, other cancers, such as colorectal, lung, and gall bladder cancers, can also cause elevated |
levels. High CA 19-9 levels can also be caused by non-cancerous conditions such as gall stones, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and liver disease. During radiation therapy, CA 19-9 levels might be elevated due to the dying cancer cells releasing CA 19-9. Since the results of a CA 19-9 test are not |
accurate, the test is not performed while the patient receives radiation treatment. The information and services provided by the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, Inc. are for informational purposes only. The information and services are not intended to be substitutes for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treat... |
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