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22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
utility questions regarding internal consistency [goals of a theory]
weaknesses of SI
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to the breadth of cx behaviors covered in the theory [goals of a theory]
scope
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
criteria for evaluating theories; refers to the internal loginc in the theoretical statements [goals of a theory]
logical consistency
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
the simplicity of the explanation provided by the teory [goals of a theory]
parsimony
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
the thoery's usefulness of practicalness [goals of a theory]
utility
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
refers to our ability to test the accuracy of a theory's claims [goals of a theory]
testability (falsifiability)
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
the amount of research and new thinking stimulated by the theory [goals of a theory]
heurism
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
durability over time [goals of a theory]
test of time
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
communication is the process of creating and maintaing social reality through shared meaning mulitple realites - together create a new reality [goals of a theory]
Coordinated Management of Meaning
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
the meanings that a person brings to the conversaiton - unique experience [goals of a theory]
personal meaning - CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
the meaning that results when the communicators agree on each other's interpretations of an interaction a result of the conversation [goals of a theory]
interpersonal meaning - CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
rules of meaning (constitutive) -what does this speech act mean in this context? rules of action (regulatory) -based upon my interpretation, what should Ido next? [goals of a theory]
Rules of CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
Try to make sense of the sequence of messages in their conversation a process of attempting to make sense of interaction by using rules to navigate the hierarchy of contexts --complete/perfect coordination: shared meaning --partial coordination: some shared meaning --no coordination: different meanings [goals of a theory]
Coordination of Meaning
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
CMM all levels happen simultaneously content speech acts contract episodes life scripts cultural patterns [goals of a theory]
6 levels of meaning
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
raw data - un-interpreted stimuli first step of converting data into meaning [goals of a theory]
Content (most specifc) CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
questioning complimenting threatening communication of the speakers intention [goals of a theory]
speech acts CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
the relationship or understnaidng between people help set guidleines and prescribe behavior suggest a future communicate relational boundaries especially important when discussing difficult issues [goals of a theory]
contract (relationship) CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
cx routines that have recognized beginnings, middles, and endings individuals may differ in how they punctuate or emphasize an episode people bring many cultural expectations for how an episode should be executed [goals of a theory]
episodes CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
clusters of past or present episodes that create a system of manageable meanings with others a life script is an individuals sense of self that both shapes and is shaped by cx [goals of a theory]
life scripts (self) CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
resources available to an individual -stories -symbols -images that people use to make sense of their world the rules [goals of a theory]
influences of the coordination process of CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
meditation facilitaion marriage and family counseling [goals of a theory]
applications of CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
internal consistency high explanatory power/broad scope utility [goals of a theory]
strengths of CMM
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
heurism [goals of a theory]
weaknesses of cmm
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
people seek information in order to understand and predict others' behaviors [goals of a theory]
uncertainty reduction theory
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
URT entry - small talk personal - interst with person, exchanging more info exit - good bye, leave convo [goals of a theory]
3 phases in intial interaction
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
reward/incentive value anticipation of future interaction deviance ---intrigued by them [goals of a theory]
Motivations for info seeking URT
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
cognitive: beliefs and attitudes behavioral: predictability of actions [goals of a theory]
Two Types of Uncertainty
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
passive: observing active:asking about person interactive: speaking directly to the person [goals of a theory]
Strategies for Reducing Uncertainty
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
7 axioms 21 theorems [goals of a theory]
Axioms and Theorems
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
makes 9!! [goals of a theory]
two additional axioms
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
heurism external consistency falsifiability parsimony utility [goals of a theory]
strength of URT
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
22217ce3__Midterm_Flashcards___Cram_com__goals_of_a_theory
internal consistency parsimony - deeper in the theory [goals of a theory]
weaknesses of URT
[]
Comm 89 Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com
goals of a theory
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/comm-89-midterm-1648953
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00109-ip-10-236-191-2_386688439_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] star [2]
large, glowing balls of gas that generate hear and light through nuclear fusion in their cores
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] planet [2]
(1) orbits a star, (2) is large enough for its own gravity to make it round, (3) has cleared most other objects from its path
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] moon [2]
an object that orbits a planet
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] asteroid [2]
a relatively small and rocky object that orbits a star
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] comet [2]
a relatively small and ice-rich object that orbits a star
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] solar system [2]
a star system, including a star and planets that orbit it
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] star system [2]
a star and any planets and other materials that orbit it
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] galaxy [2]
a great island of stars in space, containing a few hundred million to a trillion stars, all held together by gravity and orbiting a common center
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] cluster [2]
a collection of galaxies bound together by gravity
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] supercluster [2]
a gigantic region of space where many individual galaxies and many groups and clusters of galaxies are packed more closely together than elsewhere in the universe
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] universe [2]
the sum total of all matter and energy
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] observable universe [2]
the portion of the entire universe that can be seen from earth.
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] astronomical units [2]
the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, about 150 million kilometers
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] light-year [2]
distance light can travel in one year--9.46 trillion kilmeters
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] rotation [2]
the spinning of an object on its axis
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] orbit (revolution) [2]
the orbital motion of one object around another
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] expansion [2]
the average distance between galaxies is increasing
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] age of the universe [2]
about 14 billion years (13.7)
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] age of our solar system [2]
4.6 billion years
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] constellation [2]
region of the sky with well-defined borders; also stars which seem to lie close to each other on the celestial sphere and seem to make a pattern
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] celestial sphere [2]
the seeming dome around the earth which the stars appear to lie on
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] north celestial pole [2]
the point directly over the north pole on the celestial sphere
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] south celestial pole [2]
the point directly over the south pole on the celestial sphere
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] celestial equator [2]
the projection of the earth's equator on the celestial sphere
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] ecliptic [2]
the path the sun follows as it appears from Earth
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] local sky [2]
our half of the celestial sphere
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] horizon [2]
the boundary between Earth and sky
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] zenith [2]
the point directly over head
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] meridian [2]
an imaginary half circle stretching from the horizon due south through the zenith, to the horizon due north
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] angular size [2]
the angle an object appears to span in your field of view
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] angular distance [2]
the angle that appears to separate two objects
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] arcminutes [2]
60 in each degree
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] zodiac [2]
the constellations along the eliptic
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] summer solstice [2]
when the sun is highest in the sky (for Northern hemisphere)
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] winter solstice [2]
when the sun is lowest in the sky (for Northern hemisphere)
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] equinox [2]
when sunlight falls equally on both hemipheres
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] sidereal period [2]
the time it takes to orbit the sun
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
da0cbaba_r_System_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] synodic period [2]
the time between alignments
[]
Sun and Solar System Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/sun-and-solar-system-506636
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00312-ip-10-236-191-2_386835259_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Asteroidea
class of sea stars
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Ophiuroidea
class of brittle stars
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Echinoidea
class of sea urchins
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Holothuroidea
class of sea cucumbers
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Crinoidea
class of feather stars and sea lilies
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Chordata
phylum that includes amphioxus and ciona
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Urochordata
subphylum of ciona
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] Cephalochordata
subphylum of amphioxus
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
57dd214f_Language_Flashcards___Cram_com__des_starfish_and_sea_cucumbers
[Echinodermata] deuterostomes
branch of organisms that include echinodermata
[]
zoology lab chap 16 and 17 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com
phylum that includes starfish and sea cucumbers
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/zoology-lab-chap-16-and-17-535435
8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00298-ip-10-236-191-2_385164993_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Tenants duties
not commit waste, leave fixtures, pay rent
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Fixtures and tenants
Tenants cannot remove fixtures, even when the tenant has installed it… fixtures are objectively seen as thigns meant to permanently improve the property (lighting, storm windows, furnace)
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Landlord's options to get rent
either sue for rent owed, or continue relationship and sue for lost rent. MUST NOT ENGAGE IN SELF HELP OF CHANGING LOCKS OR TAKING PROPERTY. SELF HELP IS CRIMINAL AND CIVILALLY PUNISHABLE
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Landlord options when tenant leaves
"SIR- surrender (landlord just lets the tenant leave, landlord accepts this) Ignore- hold Tenant responsible for rent (available in only a minority of states) Re-let the premises- Re-let the tenancy and hold the wrong doer former tenant for any deficiency. Try to mitigate"
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Landlord Duty
"must give physical possession of the premises at the start of the lease Implied duty of quiet enjoyment "
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Constructive eviction by landlord
"Tenant must show the landlord ""SING""s SI-Substantial Interferrence (A regularly recurring problem… every time it rains, the apartment floods) N- Notice. Tenant must give Landlord Notice of the problem, and landlord must fail to act meaningfully G- Get out. Tenant must vacate in a reasonable time after Landlord does not correct the problem"
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Fixed term Tenancy
transfer of possessory interest in property for a detminate set of time. terminates at the end of the lease with no notice that the lease is about to expire Statute of frauds requires a writing for any term longer than a year in many jurisdictions
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Option to renew v. option to extend
Renew can have new terms... option to extend is just keeeping the same lease over a longer period of time
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Periodic Tenancy
A lease giving tenant possession of the leased property for successive identical periods is periodic can be indefinite, because the party that owns just has to keep giving the option to lease (open ended) Landlord OR tenant can give proper notice to terminate "To T for year to year"…. "T for week to week"
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Notice for Periodic Tenancy
6 months for a year to year tenancy or greater notice equal to the length of the period if its less than a year (month for a month to month tenancy) Most modern statutes provide for at least 60 days notice. TDate for termination must be at the end of the period THIS TIME OF NOTICE IS ALL IN THE ABSENCE OF LANGUAGE TO THE CONTRARY
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Tenacy at will
can be terminated at the election of either party, no fixed duration. (This exists because they allow it… it will end when they demand it" common law- no advance notice of temination statutory- some difference for time to notify termination
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Tenancy at sufferance
a person who remains on a leased property after the termination of the lease Landlord can treat him as a trespasser or a new tenant In issues of “hold over” in some states, if the tenant does not state to the contrary and continues acting as he did under contract and if the lease was a year or over, the hold over can be assumed to have entered a new 1 year lease
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Quiet enjoyment during the lease term
a covenant of quiet enjoyment is implied in leases in virtually all states and expressly included in many written leases. This is breached when evicted by the land lord, by someone acting under the landlord’s authority, or by someone asserting paramount title. (Example would be renovation that removes space leased... a reduction in size of the property)
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Eviction by Paramount title
Eviction by paramount title occurs when landlord does not own the leased property and true owner demands possession, or when a prior mortgage on the property is forclosed
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Constructive eviction
tenant does not have to pay rent if the landlord interferes with the tenant’s possession of the premises (landlord beaches some duty to the tenant, such as failed to make repairs as required by the lease) Tenants have to actually vacate the premises for it to be an eviction
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Partial actual eviction
if a landlord changes the dimensions of the space without knowledge by the parties (who don’t notice until after) the lease in SOME states may not necessarily end the lease or other obligations such as keeping the building in repair.
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Security deposits
covered by statute (In PA, double recovery by breach by landlord)
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Tenable repairs
under some contracts, there is an implied covenant to make gradual repairs. A landlord may not be liable for gradual change, but a sudden act (flood) would requre landlord to fix things
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Voluntary Waste
any substantial injury doen to the inheritance, during the continuance of an estate... as applied to tenant laws, whenever you voluntarily chane a property in material manners, is waste you cannot make changes without the consent of the landlord (voluntary waste) Under modern law, a change that increases value to the property may be looked at.... it has to be enough of a change that is material (a change of 800 dollars in valuet to a 25000 property is not material)
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Permissive waste
"a. Failure of tenant to undertaken the ordinary care that a tenant would take b. Common law: when tenant sees a roof leak, cannot ignore it and then use subsequent deterioration as excuse to not pay rent, no requirement to make substantial repairs "
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json
200931e9_d_Tenant_Flashcards___Cram_com___voluntary_or_permissive_waste
[Tenants and waste] Duration of lease and waste
"a. If the lease is for 99 years, then obviously there is going to be some obsolescence that requires the tenant to make substantial changes to have a fruitful enjoyment of the property b. But for a short-term lease, the landlord is interested in the rental income but as well the basic integrity of the structures which will shortly return to his possession "
[]
Landlord Tenant Flashcards - Cram.com
Tenants are not to commit voluntary or permissive waste
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/landlord-tenant-2164898
8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00060-ip-10-236-191-2_400274261_0.json