task
stringlengths
37
71
input
stringlengths
0
2.6k
output
stringlengths
1
4.09k
options
list
pageTitle
stringlengths
25
141
outputColName
stringlengths
1
1.03k
url
stringlengths
41
153
wdcFile
stringlengths
71
73
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] external economies of scale
Productivity gains and cost reductions that an individual firm reaps from the expansion of other firms in the same geographic area.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] gravity model of trade
The theory that trade between two countries increases as the size and proximity of the countries increase.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] internal economies of scale
Productivity gains and cost reductions that a firm reaps from expanding its own scale of production.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] intra-industry trade
Two way trade in similar products between countries. IIT can be measured as the difference between total trade [X+M] and net trade │X-M│.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] monopolistic competition
A market structure with many firms selling differentiated products, and low barriers to entry and exit in the industry. It is like monopoly in that each firm has some control over the price it charges, because products are differentiated. Yet, like perfect competition, free entry and exit of other firms in the industry...
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] oligopoly
A market structure with a few firms supplying most of the output. Firms know that their actions affect each other.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] ad valorem tariff
A tariff that is set as a percentage of a value of a good when it reaches the importing country.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] consumption effect
The welfare loss to consumers in the importing nation that corresponds to their being forced to cut their total purchases of a good as a result of the tariff.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] deadweight loss
Consumer loss from a tariff that accrues to neither the government nor producers.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] effective rate of production
The percentage by which the entire set of a nation’s trade barriers raises the industry’s value added per unit of output.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] nationally optimal tariff
A tariff set at the rate that maximizes the gains for a large country (at the expense of foreign countries). Technically, the optimal rate, as a fraction of the price paid to foreigners, equals the reciprocal of the elasticity of supply of a country’s imports.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] price-taking countries
“Small” countries that cannot affect the world price of the goods and services they trade. In these countries, the import supply curve is infinitely elastic.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] production effect
The cost of shifting to more expensive domestic production from an import competing sector that is protected by a tariff on foreign goods
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] prohibitive tariff
A tariff set so high that it reduces imports to zero.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] specific tariff
A tariff stipulated as a money amount per physical unit of the import.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] world trade organization
An international organization of most of the world’s countries; it oversees governmental policies regarding international trade. Its chief purposes are to liberalize trade and limit unfair export policies such as subsidies.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] domestic content requirements
Directs that a product made or assembled in a country must have a certain amount of “domestic value,” in the form of local factors of production that are used in (or locally made components that are part of) the finished product.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] fixed favoritism
A way of allocating import licenses in which the government simply assigns fixed shares to firms, often based on the shares of imports the firms had before the quota was imposed.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] import license
A legal right to import goods subject to quotas or other nontariff barriers. Import licenses can be allocated by governments using competitive auction, fixed favoritism, or resource using application procedures.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] import quota
A limit on total quantity of imports allowed into a country each year, the most common nontariff trade barrier
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] most favored nation status
An agreement between two nations to levy tariffs on each other at rates as low as those levied on any other country.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] Section 301
Part of the U.S. Trade Act of 1974. It gives the President power to impose import barriers against goods from a country using “unfair trade practices” to limit imports from the U.S. and other countries.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] Voluntary export restraints
Nontariff barriers to trade that are equivalent to quotas. Exporting countries are coerced by the importing country into allocating a limited quota of exports. They are not legislated and can be imposed with or without formal international negotiations.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] adjustment assistance
Government financial assistance to relocate and retrain workers (and firms) for re employment in expanding sectors and away from sectors that are declining as a result of import competition.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] distortions
Conditions that prevent the market from equating the social costs and benefits with the private costs and benefits of an economic activity. For example, the market price of cigarettes does not reflect the indirect effect (externality) on third parties (other than the producer and the smoker), resulting in too many ciga...
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] free-rider problem
A case in which agents believe that a goal will be achieved (or will fail) regardless of their own contribution. Thus, they do not contribute, in the hope of “riding free” if the cause succeeds.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] developing government argument
The notion that tariffs are an important source of public revenues for poor countries because it is difficult for them to collect taxes.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] infant industry argument
The argument that a new industry (especially in a less-developed country) needs protection until it attains a competitive level of cost (and output) in world markets.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] second best world
A world that contains market distortions.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] specificity rule
This guideline states that it is more efficient to use those policy tools that are closest to the sources of the distortions separating private and social benefits or costs.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] sudden damage effect
Public sympathy for groups whose incomes fall due to import competition, either suddenly or during a general economic depression.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] tariff escalation
When the free-rider problem results in a tendency for tariffs and other import barriers to be higher on finished goods sold to large groups of consumers than on intermediate goods sold to smaller purchasers from industry.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] antitdumping duty
Tariffs sanctioned under the International Anti Dumping Code (signed by most members of the WTO) to counteract or prevent dumping. Some countries may levy antidumping duties not to counteract export dumping but to further protect domestic import-competing producers without levying import tariffs.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] countervailing import duty
Retaliatory duties against a foreign government that is subsidizing exports into your national market.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] dumping
A form of international price discrimination in which an exporting firm either sells at a lower price in a foreign market than it charges in other markets (usually its domestic market) or sells its exports at a price that is below its costs or fair market value.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] export subsidy
Government policy to encourage export of goods and discourage sale of goods on the domestic market through low cost loans or tax relief for exporters, or government-financed international advertising or research and development (R&D). The WTO prohibits most subsidies directly linked to the volume of exports.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] persistent dumping
Dumping that goes on indefinitely, as opposed to predatory dumping or “cyclical dumping,” which occurs only during periods of economic downturn. It is used by firms that can price-discriminate between markets.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] predatory dumping
Dumping that occurs when an exporting firm temporarily reduces the price charged to some foreign buyers with the intent of eliminating competitors and later raising its price after the competition is dead.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] safeguard policy
Temporary protection against a sudden surge of imported goods
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a7b6ac76_new_econ_Flashcards___Cram_com__igher_price_in_another_market_
[arbitrage] strategic trade policy
A government campaign to develop export advantage in targeted sectors or to gain market share in global industries characterized by oligopolies.
[]
new econ Flashcards - Cram.com
Buying something at a low price in one market and reselling it at a higher price in another market.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/new-econ-1919858
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00296-ip-10-236-191-2_382963749_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
A contractual object is possible or impossible according to its own nature and not according to the parties' ability to perform. [Freedom of parties.]
Possible or impossible object
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
The object of a contract must be determined at least as to its kind. The quantity of a contractual object may be undetermined, provided it is determinable. [Freedom of parties.]
Object determined as to kind.
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
The quantity of a contractual object may be determined by the output of one party or the requirements of the other. In such a case, output or requirements must be measured in good faith. [Freedom of parties.]
Output or requirements.
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
When the performance consists of giving a thing that is determined as to its kind only, the obligor need not give one of the best quality but he may not tender one of the worst. [Freedom of parties.]
Quality of thing to be given.
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
The object of a contract may be that a third person will incur an obligation or render a performance. [Freedom of parties.]
Obligation or performance by a third person.
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
A contracting party may stipulate a benefit for a third person called a third party beneficiary. [Freedom of parties.]
Stipulation for a third party
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
a963e89b_Object_Flashcards___Cram_com__Freedom_of_parties_
The stipulation may be revoked only by the stipulator and only before the third party has manifested his intention of availing himself of the benefit. If the promisor has an interest in performing, however, the stipulation may not be revoked without his consent. [Freedom of parties.]
Revocation.
[]
Object Flashcards - Cram.com
Freedom of parties.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/object-2022028
22/1438042990177.43_20150728002310-00003-ip-10-236-191-2_390892573_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Tips for using statistics (6)
1) Use statistics to quantify your ideas 2) Use sparingly 3) Identify 4) Explain 5) Round off complicated statistics 6) Use visual aids
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Hypothetical Example
an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Mean
the average value of a groups number
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Paraphrase
to restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Mode
the number that occurs the most frequently in a group number
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Median
the middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Peer Testimony
testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Checklist for using testimony (6)
1)Do I use testimony to support my ideas? 2) Do I use testimony from qualified sources? 3) Do I use testimony from unbiased sources? 4) Do I distinguish between expert testimony and peer testimony? 5) Do I identify the sources of all testimony? 6) Do I quote and paraphrase all sources of testimony with complete accurac...
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Expert Testimony
testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields (most reliable especially for controversial or skeptical speeches
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Three major kinds of supporting materials
1) Examples- specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like 2) Statistics- numerical data 3) Testimony- quotations or paraphrases used to support a point
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] 5 basic patterns of organization used most often by public speakers
1) Chronological order 2) Spatial order 3) Casual order 4) Problem-solution order 5) Topical order- main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Internal summary
a statement of the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker's preceding point or points (Reminds listeners what they just heard)
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Transitions
a word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Causal order
a method of speech organization in which they main points show a cause-effect relationship
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Internal preview
a statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss (audience knows exactly that to listen to as the speaker develops their main points)
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Chronological order
a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Connective
a word or phrase that connects the idea of a speech and indicates the relationship between them.
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Signposts
a very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Spatial order
a method or speech organization in which the main points follow a directional path
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Crescendo Ending
a conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Preview Statement
a statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Tips for preparing the introduction (5)
1) Keep the introduction brief (10%-20% of speech) 2) Introductory materials 3) Be creative 4) Don't worry about exact wording 5) Work out in detail
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Dissolve Ending
a conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step-by-step to a dramatic final statement
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Two kinds of meaning that words have
1) Denotative Meaning- the literal or dictionary meaning of a word 2)Connotative Meaning- the meaning suggested by the associations or emotions triggered by a word or phrase (gives words their intensity and emotional appeal)
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Principles for inclusive language (5)
Inclusive language- language that doesn't stereotype or demean people 1) Avoid the Generic "He" 2) Avoid the use of "man" when referring to women and men 3) Avoid stereotyping jobs and social role by gender 4) Avoid identifying personal traits that are unrelated to the topic 5) Use names that groups use to identify the...
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Alliteration
Repetition of the initial constant sound of close or adjoining words
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Cliche
A trite or overused expression ("fresh as a daisy")
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Parallelism
the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Metaphor
a implicit comparison, not introduced with the word "like" or "as", between two things that are essentially different yet have something in common
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Simile
an explicit comparison, introduced with the word "like" or "as" between things that are essentially different yet have something in common
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Antithesis
the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structure
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Repetition
the reiteration of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Five step method for practicing delivery
1) Go through presentation (out loud) 2) Prepare speaking outline 3) Prepare aloud several times 4) Polish and define your delivery 5) Dress rehearsal (practice with conditions same as presentation)
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Impromptu Speech
a speech delivered with little or or no immediate preparation
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Manuscript Speech
a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Aspects of voice you should try to control (8)
1)Volume- loudness/softness 2)Pitch- high/lowness 3) Rate-speed 4) Pauses- momentary break 5) Vocal variety- changes in the pitch and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness 6) Pronunciation 7) Articulation 8) Dialect
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Guidelines for presenting visual aids (7)
1) Avoid using chalkboards 2) Display visual aids where they can be seen 3) Avoid passing visual aids among audience 4) Display only when discussing them 5) Talk to audience not the visual aid 6) Explain visual aid vividly and concisely 7) Practice with visual aids
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Pie Graph
a graph that highlights segments of a circle to show simple distribution patterns
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Bar Graph
a graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to show comparison among two or more items
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Jargon
the specialized or technical language of trade, profession, or similar group
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Guidelines for informative speaking (5)
1) Don't overestimate what the audience knows 2) Relate the subject to the audience 3) Don't be too technical 4) Avoid abstractions (descriptions; contrast and comparison) 5) Personalize your ideas
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Informative Speaking
a speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Three basic issues when you discuss a question of policy
1) Need-Is there a serious problem or need that requires a change from current policy? 2) Plan- Does the speaker have a plan to solve the problem? 3) Practicality- Will it solve the problem or will it create more problems?
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Organizing speeches on the question of value
Organized Topically (Specific Point)Point 1: Standard for your value judgement (Central Idea) Point 2: Applying Standards to subject of speech Example: Capital Punishment Specific Point: To persuade my audience that Capital Punishment is morally wrong Central Idea: Capital Punishment violates that both the Bible and U....
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Organizing speeches on the question of policy (4 methods/orders)
1) Problem-Solution Order 2) Problem-Cause-Solution Order 3) Comparative Advantage Order- each main point explains why a speaker's solution to a problem is preferable to other proposed solutions 4) Monroe's Motivated Sequence -seek immediate action
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Questions of fact
a question about the truth or falsity of an assertion
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Monroe's Motivated Sequence (5)
1) Attention-audience attention 2) Need- show need for change 3) Satisfaction- solution to problem 4) Visualization- visualize it's benefits 5) Action- "call for action"
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Questions of value
a question about the worth, rightness, morality, and so forth of an idea or action
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Questions of policy
a question about whether a specific course of actions should not be taken
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Organizing speeches on the question of fact
Logically Each main point will present a reason why someone should agree with you
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Initial Credibility
the credibility of a speaker before he or she speaks
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Terminal Credibility
the credibility of a speaker at the end of the speech
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json
dbe9bb71_nal_Exam_Flashcards___Cram_com__e_length_to_illustrate_a_point
[Extended Example] Four basic methods of reasoning and how to use them
1) Reasoning from specific instances- progress from a number of facts-conclusion 2) Reasoning from principle- general principle to specific conclusion 3) Casual Reasoning- establish the relationship between cause and effect 4) Analogical Reasoning- a speaker compares two similar cases and infers that what is true for t...
[]
Public Speaking Final Exam Flashcards - Cram.com
A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/public-speaking-final-exam-548904
22/1438043062635.98_20150728002422-00143-ip-10-236-191-2_380403795_0.json