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8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What is the sometimes present valve of the coronary sinus?
The Thebesian valve
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
Where are the pectinate muscles found?
On the underside of the R atrial appendage
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What is the crista terminalis?
Runs from SVC to IVC and is important in cardiac electrophys.
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What is the place where valve leaflets attach called?
The annulus--to have proper valve function, the annulus must be of adequate size
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What attaches into the annuluses?
The leaflets--the tricuspid has 3: septal, anterior, and posterior
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What are the 4 structures found in all valves?
Annulus, leaflets, chordae tendinae, and papillary muscles
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What attaches the leaflets to the papillary muscles?
the chordae tendinae
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
Which valve is an exception to the 4 element rule?
The pulmonary valve--has only 2 structures = the annulus and leaflets
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What does the RV have that makes its valves different than the LV?
The conus arteriosus(crista supraventriculnaris) that causes a discontinuity between the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. The bicuspid and aortic valve are continuous due to the fibrous continuity between the anterior mitral leaflet and aortic valve
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What is different about the papillary muscles of the LV verses the RV?
They are more developed due to the higher pressures
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
True/False: Both papillary muscles get chordae from the ANTERIOR leaflet, whel the posterior leaflet will only send chordae to one muscle or the other
TRUE
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
Which ventricle has a thicker wall? Thicker trabeculations? Always?
Left ventricle has a thicker wall but thinner trabceulations, except for heart failure patients, whose trabeculae become thick
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
True/False: The anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is part of both the inflow track and the outflow track
TRUE--due to the fibrous continuity
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
How many cusps does the aortic valve have and which has the fibrous continuity?
3 cusps and the Posterior Non-Coronary Artery cusp
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
Which is bigger--tricuspid or pulmonary valve? Mitral or aortic?
Tricuspid--Mitral
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
What is the pacemaker of the heart?
The SA node!
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
8cc54074__Anatomy_Flashcards___Cram_com__mulates_in_the_pericardial_sac
Where is the conduction system found? Review the membraneous septum from the script...
In the endocardial surface
[]
CARDIO LECTURE 1--Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards - Cram.com
Cardiac tamponade--blood accumulates in the pericardial sac
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/cardio-lecture-1-cardiac-anatomy-2035407
6/1438042988860.4_20150728002308-00065-ip-10-236-191-2_385012400_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Why are workovers performed?
For Data gathering (cased hole logging - production or injection logging) Integrity monitoring on tubing, casing , and/or packers Well repair To Improve performance (production/injection)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do workovers imporove production/injection?
You can cleanout debris, solids, formation solids, deposited solids. Flow assurance preventative or remediation. Stimulation artificial lift, and you can change intervals connected to the reservoir. Shutoff flow from/to an interval (plug isolate) Deepen or sidetrack well
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What type of surface equipment can be used to do a workover?
Through Wireline Fullbore pumping of fluid/chemicals through well tubing Through Tubing By Pulling tubing
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] When pumping through tubing intervetion with a coiled tubing cleanout what are the steps to make a wellbore clean?
you fill covering perfs and then forward or reverse jetting to remove the excess crap
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you plug the bottom interval?
Bottom perfs watered out use coil or work string to lay sand, cement (and/or plug)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How does a cement squeeze operate to seal performations?
Protect the oil zone push cement down to the perfs then remove wellbore cement Then remove the protection for the oil zone and return to service
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are common causes of excess water production?
Open water zone flow behind pipe and casing leaks Channeling from injector or aquifer via fracture/fault coning or cusping
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two classes of chemical watershut off?
matrix-penetrating gelant flowing gel (can only enter fractures or other larger features)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you design a matrix gel treatment?
Treat matrix depth to withstand expected pressure change Account for voids, uneven penetration, losses Pressure response may dictate volume change Use established zone isolation options
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the established zone isolation options?
bridge plug sand plug inflatable packer or retainer dual injection with protective fluid
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is a bullhead shutoff?
A shutoff to push gel into a fracture to block the water produced from there without damaging the formation
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the safety valves used for?
To shut off flow if equipment above mud line is damaged.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Where were safety valves initially developed for?
Offshore wells
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the different types of valves?
Ball Valves Butterfly valves gate valve flapper valve pneumatic surface safety valve hydraulic surface safety valve
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the difference between flapper valve vs ball valve?
Flapper valve is simpler to operate (sliding sleeve vs rotation) Flapper valve less affected by scale, paraffin
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are chokes used for?
Used to slow flow down
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two types of choke?
Fixed (also known as positive) Adjustable
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do chokes work?
They limit production rate by increasing bottom hole flowing pressure
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Why would you use chokes?
Regulations Slugging, problems handling raet at surface Sand Production Water or gas coning Other reservoir management items
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the typical choke valves
Classic adjustable choke subsea retrievable choke
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the general pump types?
Centrigual pump Positive Displacement Gas Lift Jet, Eductor
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the different positive displacement pumps?
piston Diaphragm Progressing cavity
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are centrifugal pumps used for?
Large volume Low Pressure Low Viscosity Generates high shear as fluid passes through vanes. These pumps cannot self-prime It does poorly with liquid + gas combination
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are centrifugal pumps based on?
Based on the concept of raising the pressure of a liquid indirectly by increasing the kinetic energy via the centrifugal action of the impeller and converting this kinetic energy to the P/pho term. They can be used for a wide flowrate range but a narrow pressure range
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are positive displacement pumps based on?
It works on the principle of letting fluid flow into a cavity from a low pressure source, trapping the fluid, and forcing it out to a high pressure receiver by decreasing the volume of the cavity They can be used for a narrow flowrate range, but a high pressure increase range
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are reciprocating piston pumps usually used for?
Crude oil
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two types of reciprocating piston pump?
Single action (used for pumps with 3 or more pistons, and provides higher pressure) Double action piston stroke (used for duplex pumps, provide higher flow rates)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is a Diaphragm Pump used for?
Viscous fluid or slurries Low Rate Low Pressure It is pneumatic operates
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What do we separate?
Gas (C1-C4, H2S, CO2, N2) Oil Water Dissolved Solids Solids
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the key principles are used in separators?
Density and Gravity
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What can be done to increase the efficency of separators?
Add mist extractor Add baffles and diverters and residence time Use centrifugal force to increase gravity
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Vertical Two Phase Separator are meant for what?
A low GOR and a low total output.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What problem can be caused by low flowrate in a Vertical Two Phase Separator?
Gas blowby, because the fluid level is not high enough
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two constraints in picking a separator?
It must be able to contain gas and liquid. The liquid must be able to stay long enough so that the gas can separate from the liquid.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is the retention time needed for a liquid droplet to attain gas-liquid equilibrium?
.5 -3 mins
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is the controling parameter for low pressure with low GOR in a separator?
Liquid Capacity Constraint
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] When is artificial lift needed?
When there is insufficient reservoir energy to produce reservoir fluids to surface at adeguate rates
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two different flowing pressure regimes that need improvement?
Low Pwf - Better IPR, poor VLP High Pwf - Better VLP, poor IPR
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is artifical lift designed to help?
Intake side for low pressure (for IPR) and Discharage side for high pressure (for VLP)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What percent of wells need Artifical Lift?
50%
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two main methods for artificial lift?
Gas Lift (add natural gas to tubing via annulus) Bottom Hole Pumping (Sucker Rod Pump, ESP, ect)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How does Gas lift work?
By injecting gas into the lower part of production tubing, the gas aerates the flowing fluid, reducing the fluid comlumn hydrostatic pressure. This lowers bottom hole pressure
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How does Bottom Hole pumping work?
It boosts transfer of liquid to wellhead by increasing pressure at turbing inlet. This decreases Pwf by transferring fluid more rapidly to tubing at higher pressure
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] When is gas lift chosen for artifical lift?
When there is gas available in moderate to deep wells with high fluid rates. There can be a low or high GOR as long as the oil is not heavy. Solids are okay, but may increase maintenance cost. They are low to moderate expensivily when first put in place, but have a lot of maintenance required.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] When are rod pumps used for artifcial lift?
When there is low or no free gas in a low pressure well that has a low to fairly high flowrate. There can be any type of oil as long as the hole is straight.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] When are ESP's used for artificial lift?
When there is a moderate to deep well with high flow rate. The well can be any type of deviation but it requires a low GOR and a light oil because it can't handle high viscosity. They are very expesnive to put in and to maintain.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Why don't gas lift or pumps have to be set at the bottom?
The depth must just be deep enough to give you the Pwf you need for the rate desired.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two types of gas lift operations?
Continuous (steady state flow to surface) Intermittent (start and stop flow to surface)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How does a suck rod pump move oil?
Rotary motion of crank translated to reciprocating motion of polished rod  Sucker rod transmits reciprocating motion of rod to down-hole pump  The pump with barrel (with standing valve) and plunger (with traveling valve)  When plunger moves up, standing valve opens to fill barrel with fluid  On down stroke, traveli...
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you determine the pressure increase needed for a sucker rod pump?
 Input pressure to pump: • From IPR, determine bottom-hole flowing pressure (Pwf ) at the given reservoir pressure and desired production rate • Subtract pressure drop in wellbore from bottomhole location to location of pump to bottom-hole flowing pressure  Output pressure from pump: • From VLP (pressure drop in well...
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are some common ESP issues with C-PUmps?
There are cavitation problems (gas and heavy oil or any vicous fluid) Erosion or efficiency decerase by solids
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are some common ESP issues with their motors?
The heat (when placed above fluid inflow)and when the ESP is placed deep in the well the running temp will be much higher.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are some common ESP issues with cost?
Very expensive to install and repair (because you need to pull tubing)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you design a ESP?
pick the flowrate desired, then choose the pump that can produce that flowrate. From that pump determine the pwf that it will produce. With that pwf find the depth needed to produce, and then find the required discharge pressure. Then determine the Pump pressure and head requirements. Form this find the total power req...
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Why meter flow in the industry?
b/c you need to know what is going where accurately
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Where is measurement needed?
at each major step (from separator to treating facilties to storage/transport lines)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What can metering be used for?
reservoir management, prdouction optimization, history matching, well testing, production allocation, custody transfer, fiscal metering, downhole metering and allocation.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Why is metering accuracy required?
With large flowrates, small inaccuracies can cost companies large amount money.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is linearity when dealing with a meter?
the deviation of the meter's response is within a certain percent of an ideal relationship between flow rate variations and output
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is error when considering meters?
the difference between the meter output and the true value of the flow rate at the time of the mesaurement.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are some types of flow measurement devices?
turbine meter orifice plate meter venturi meter coriolis meter ultrasonic meter
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the basic flow metering concepts?
conservation of mass, energy and momentum friction reynolds number gas laws liquid expansion
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the two different types of pressure measurements for a flow meter?
Hydrostatic pressure and dynamic pressure
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are common causes of sand production?
Poorly Consolidated formation Decrease in reservoir pressure Drag Forces (high flow rate and/or water breakthrough)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are common sand production problems?
solid buildup in wellbore additional pressure drop voids behind pipe (loss of zone isolation and/or casing or hole collapse) erosion of turbulars solids fill surface vessels
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are common sand control methods?
Live with it Control production rate (drop it) Put a screen in the wellbore Gravel Pack Frac and Pack Chemical consolidation
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] Slotted liners are used where?
Because they are simple and inexpensive, they are used in many horizontal open holes to prevent hole collapse. However they are not very effective at filtering small grains.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are classic wire-wrapped screens used as?
They are used alone b/c the wrapped wire is usually keystone shaped and the material that passes through the outer constiction continues to flow through the screen. It can also be used inside the gravel pack.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is a pre packed screen?
A screen that filters sand, however since it is pre packed with uniformly sized sand, it allows for better filtration with minimum flow restriction.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is a premium stainless mesh filtration screen? Why do they fail?
It has a small mesh to filter solids and fines, however they fail due to plugging or erosion
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are expandable screens used for?
To hold the formation in place and to filter sands and fines
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do expandable screens expand?
Either a fixed cone is pushed down the drillstring to expand it. or pressure cycling from a hydraulic expansion tool causes it to expand
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is important for a gravel pack?
Formation grain size distribution
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is a gravel pack made of?
Sized particles placed in the annular space between an unconsolidated formation and a centralized screen
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How is a gravel pack placed?
First a screen is placed, then gravel is filled in the hole to stabilize the hole and sands formation.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is insitu consolidation?
A resin or other "glue" is pumped down the well to the formation to cement the formation sand grains together.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What is resin coated gravel?
heat or chemicall set material pre coated on properly sized gravel pack grains. They are put in place, cured, and then drilled out to keep formation in place and act as a screen.
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are common production problems?
low productivity excessive gas production excessive water production sand production liquid loading (only in gas wells)
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you diagnosis what the causes of a production problem is?
By doing pressure transient testing to determine factors affecting reservoir inflow perfomrnane Production logging to determine actual production profile and pressure profile in wellbore Production and pressure history - acutal data
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are causes of low productivity?
Reservoir issues (lower than expected reservoir properties, low relative permeability, heterogeneity) Flow restictions near wellbore (formation damage, plugged completions) wellbore restictions
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you diagnosis low productivity?
Meaure reservior (kH) and skin from pressure transient testing Caliper log (identify any wellbore restiction) production logging - identify location and vertical extent of impairment
[]
325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] What are the causes of gas or water production?
casing leaks or channeling behind casing preferential flow though high permeability zones coning (gas from top/ water from bottom) connecting fracture systems for water
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325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json
a3b31e0d_25_Final_Flashcards___Cram_com__ervention_in_a_completed_well_
[What is a workover?] How do you diagnosis gas or water production?
For casing leaks cement bond or ultrasonic logs production lgos for flow behind casing remedial action - cement squeeze For preferential flow through high permeability zones production logs - determine flow profile and entry location run a cement squeeze Coning Run production logs - determine flow profile and entry loc...
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325 Final Flashcards - Cram.com
It is an intervention in a completed well.
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/325-final-1750721
6/1438042981576.7_20150728002301-00029-ip-10-236-191-2_385778138_0.json