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33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
How does depletion of neurotransmitters during Anti-Depressants occur
due to excessive reuptake or by excessive breakdown by monoamine oxidase (MAO)
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Why do clients get discouraged when taking anti-depressants
symptoms does not improve for about 4 weeks
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
What kind of response does anti-depressants have
therapeutic responses vary
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
How does anti-seizure meds exert a therapertic effects
Anti-seizure agents raise the seizure threshold by inhibiting excitatory activity in the motor cortex of the brain
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
(3) Mechanism Anti-seizure drugs exert a therapeutic effect
1) suppression of sodium influx, 2) suppression of calcium influx or 3) potentiation of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Classificiations of Anti-Seizure Agents
Hydantoins Iminostilbenes Barbituates Benzodiazepines Valporic Acids Succinides
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Barbituates agents exert their pharmacological effect by
potentiating GABA and decreasing the conduction of impulses
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Barbituates are used for.....and are....
seizures and are sedating
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Barbituates use with other drugs
may be used in conjunction with other anti-convulsants
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
What Benzodiazepines will be used during coma or respiratory depression and how long does it take to work
(Romazicon) may be given IV, will work within 2 min.
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Non-Benzodiazepine Somnifacients agents exert their pharmacological effect by
potentiating GABA
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Non-Bonzodiazepines effects over Bonzodiazepines
have less residual effect and are thought to cause less physiological and psychological dependence
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Non-Benzodiazepine Somnifacients effect on food
decrease food bioavailability
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Effect on person if awakened while taking Non-Benzodiazepine Somnifacients
short term anesia
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Pharmacological effect of NON-BENZODIAZEPINE ANXIOLYTIC: buspirone (BuSpar)
Binds to serotonin and dopamine receptors in the CNS resulting in decreased transmission of these neurotransmitters
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
NON-BENZODIAZEPINE ANXIOLYTIC nursing considerations
monitor for (EPS) extrapyramidal side effects abnormal movements, eg. Parkinson dystonia tardive dyskinesia
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
hormones: melatonin
synthesized from serotonin and is secreted by the pineal gland
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
melantonin secretions is stimulated by
darkness and suppressed by light received through the retina
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
hormones: melatonin nursing considerations
act very rapidly decreases food bioavailability short-term amnesia i awakened alcohol increase action causing psycho-motor impairments
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
DRUGS USED FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT (Analgesics
opiods
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Opiods pharmacological effects
bind with opiate receptors in the central nervous system altering the perception of and the emotional response to pain
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
besides reducing pain opiods.....
can be used to suppress cough, slow respiratory rate and decrease peristalsis, pre-medication before surgery
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Analgesia is more effective if
given before the pain becomes severe
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
best way to manage chronic pain
Chronic pain is better managed by scheduled doses around the clock rather than by PRN administration
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Effect when meperidine is given with MAOI's
hyperpyrexia
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Assessment of pain includes
location, intensity (use intensity scale) quality pattern precipitating factors alleviating factors associated symptoms coping mechanisms
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Opioid Agonists/Antagonists: are thought to have _____addiction potential because________.
a lower addiction potential because of their antagonistic properties
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Opioid Agonists/Antagonists are________ likely to cause respiratory depression
less likely to cause respiratory depression
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Opioid Agonists/Antagonists cause___________if given to a client who is _______.
withdrawal symptoms, opiod dependent
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Opiods Nursing Considerations
shouldnt be given in head trauma(can mask symptoms) shouldnt be given in shock (decrease BP) shouldnt be given in respiratory depression use caution in clients with history of addition (dont deny pain control) use cautiously in pt with urinary retention/asthma cause constipation dont crush SR preparations-respiratory d...
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Opioid Antagonists are used
for opioid overdoses
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
compete with opiates for binding sites
Opioid Antagonists
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
used to relieve anxiety
anxiolytics and somnifacients
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
produce sedation before surgeries and procedures and to induce sleep, not an analgesic
anxiolytics and somnifacients
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
DRUGS USED TO TREAT ANXIETY AND SLEEP DISORDERS
anxiolytic and somnifacients
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
can be used as adjuncts to analgesia
anxiolytic and somnifacients
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Hydantonins pharmacological effects
decrease excitability in the motor cortex of the brain by suppressing sodium influx through the sodium channels
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
hydantoins
decreases the neuronal action potential highly protein bound narrow therapeutic index hepatoxic
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Classifications of Anti-Depressants
(TCA's) Tricyclic Anti-Depressants (MAOI's) Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors (SSRI's) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
TCA's pharmacological effect
reuptake of serotonin 5HT and norepinephrine by the pre-synaptic region
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Problems associated with TCA's
1) sedation 2) lowered seizure threshold 3) heart block with large doses 4) orthostatic hypotension 5) anti-cholinergic effects 6) increased appetite with weight gain and 7) inorgasmia.
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
best time to take TCA's
at bedtime
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
SSRI's
increase the level of serotonin in the brain by decreasing presynaptic neuronal reuptake
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
have fewer side effects
SSRI's
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
SSRI's side efects
loss of appetite and decrease sexual function
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Anti-Depressant therapeutic effects seen in
4-6 weeks
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Anti- Depressant therapy is seen within
should be seen at least 6 months to 1 year
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Nursing Considerations for Anti-Depressants
4-6 weeks to see effects therapy is 6 months -1year increase suicidal ideation in teenagers avoid taking meds with grapefruit and grapefruit juice
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Anti Manic agents are used for
bipolar disorder by blocking release of dopamine and norepinephrine
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Anti-Manic's
has a very narrow therapeutic index fluid intake of 2500-3500 per day adequate NA intake
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Anti-Manic pregnancy category
D
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Benzodiazepines pharmacologial effects
CNS depression by potentiating GABA and inhibiting impulses subcortically in the limbic system, thalamus and hypothalamus
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
3 types of Non-Opiods
NSAIDS Acetaminophen Salicytes
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
used as adjuncts for chronic pain, raise pain threshold
anti-depressants & anti-convulsants
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Parkinson’s disease
a degenerative disorder of the CNS caused by the destruction of the neurons in the substantia nigra that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
neurons during Parkinson's Disease controls
balance, posture and involuntary muscle movement
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Why is dopamine used in Parkinson's Disease
Dopaminergic drugs are used to increase dopamine levels
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Parkinson's disease dopamenergic nursing considerations
1. Administer anti-Parkinson medications on time to avoid a worsening of symptoms. 2. Abrupt discontinuation of these drugs can lead to a Parkinsonian crisis. 3. Foods high in pyridoxine (vitamin B6) can decrease the effects of these drugs. 4. Change positions slowly to avoid faintness or dizziness.
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
33888fc9_Module_6_Flashcards___Cram_com__lar_disorder__mental_disorder_
Parkinson's disease nursing considerations
1. Monitor for anti-cholinergic effects such as blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation and tachycardia
[]
Module 6 Flashcards - Cram.com
generalized and partial seizures and bipolar disorder (mental disorder)
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/module-6-2131052
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00163-ip-10-236-191-2_381801501_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What always flow from area of ___ potential to areas of ___ potential
high, low
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is the water potential gradient?
The movement of water when water potential differences within a series are contrasted
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What factors affect water potential?
Osmosis, solute/osmotic potential, Turgor pressure, pressure potential
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across membranes in response to differences in water potential
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How do you calculate water potential?
Pressure potential + solute potential
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is solute/osmotic pressure?
difference in solute concentrations between two cells
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is turgor pressure?
The force of the cell membrane swelling and pushing against the cell wall
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is pressure potential?
the sum of all the types of pressures on water
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is a megapascal (MPa)?
unit of measurement for pressure
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] If the water potential in the space that surrounds a cell drops. What which direction will the water go and what will the cell do?
water moves out of the cell and the cell shrinks
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] Why do plants tend to gain water from the soil and lose it to the atmosphere?
Because water movies along the water potential gradient
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How does water move up a tree?
Water is carried up a tree through the xylem tissue in a process called transpiration. Constant evaporation from the leaf creates a flow of water from root to shoot. The roots of a tree absorb the vast majority of water that a tree needs. The properties of cohesion and adhesion allow the water to move up a tree regardl...
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What are the three ways that water can reach the vascular tissue?
transmembrane route, apoplast, symplast
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is the Casparian strip?
It prevents water from creeping through the walls of the enodermal cells
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is responsible for Root pressure?
endodermi
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] what is guttation?
Water droplets forced out of leaves
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How does water move in the capillaries? (three forces)
Surface tension, adhesion, cohesion
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is surface tension?
Downward pull that exist on water molecules at an air-water interface
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is adhesion?
the attraction of unlike molecules
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is cohesion?
mutual attractions amoung like molecules,
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] According to the Cohesion-Tension Theory what happens to tree trunks because of water tension?
They shrink
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is the most important features of the cohesion-tension theory?
It does not require the expenditure of energy
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How does a plant do to limit water loss?
1 Thick cuticule on the upper surface of the leaves 2. Several layers of epidermis 3. stomata located in deep pits on the undersides of leaves.
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How do the stomata open and close?
Each stoma has two bean shaped guard cells which have thich inner walls.During daytime, they get filled with water, due to which they bulge out and thus open. At nightime, they lose the water. Hence, they lose their turgidity and close.
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is Crassulacean acid metabolism?
plants open their stomata at night and store the CO2 that diffuse into their tissues by adding organic acides
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is translocation?
The movement of sugars through a plant
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is a sink?
a tissue where sugar exits the phloem
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is a sieve plate?
The perforated end wall
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is the pressure flow hypothesis?
The events at source tissues and at sink tissues create a steep pressure potential gradient
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How is sucrose and other solutes transported across Membranes?
Passive transport, facilitated diffusion, active transport
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] What is bulk flow?
a mass movement of molecules along a pressure gradient
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] How are sugars concentrated in Sieve-tube members at sources?
phloem loading
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
ad31173b_apter_37_Flashcards___Cram_com___compared_to_control_condition
[what is water potential?] That is phloem loading?
sugar is loaded into sieve-tube elements against a concentration gradient
[]
Biology Chapter 37 Flashcards - Cram.com
The potential energy that water has in a particular environment compared to control condition
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-chapter-37-1988093
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00220-ip-10-236-191-2_385542495_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
Adenine and Guanine [Define osmosis]
What are the purines?
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
Thymine and cytosine [Define osmosis]
What are the pyramidines?
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
Matter moving from high concentration to low until equilibrium is reached [Define osmosis]
Define Diffusion
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
the solute concentration. [Define osmosis]
What determines osmotic pressure?
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
phospholipid bilayer [Define osmosis]
What is the cell membrane also called in a cell?
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
passive trasporters travel from a low solute concentration to high solute concentration while active transporters go against the natural flow. [Define osmosis]
Differentiate between passive and active transporters
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
glycogen [Define osmosis]
Which carbohydrate was released in bone from cellular respiration?
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json
8ac6ea8b_f_bio101_Flashcards___Cram_com__Define_osmosis
CO2 and H2O [Define osmosis]
What waste is produced from aerobic respiration?
[]
Anatomy and Physiology 2: Review vocab of bio101 Flashcards - Cram.com
Define osmosis
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/anatomy-and-physiology-2-review-vocab-of-bio101-1358539
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00155-ip-10-236-191-2_385191986_0.json