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c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] beta oxidation [1] | A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] beta (b) pleated sheet [1] | One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth, or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biennial [1] | A plant that requires two years to complete its life cycle. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] big-bang reproduction [1] | A life history in which adults have but a single reproductive opportunity to produce large numbers of offspring, such as the life history of the Pacific salmon. Also known as semelparity. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bilateral symmetry [1] | Characterizing a body form with a central longitudinal plane that divides the body into two equal but opposite halves. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bilateria [1] | Members of the branch of eumetazoans possessing bilateral symmetry. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bile [1] | A mixture of substances that is produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and acts as a detergent to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] binary fission [1] | The type of cell division by which prokaryotes reproduce. Each dividing daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] binomial [1] | The two-part latinized name of a species, consisting of genus and specific epithet. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biodiversity [1] | All of the variety of life; usually refers to the variety of species that make up a community; concerns both species richness (the total number of different species) and the relative abundance of the different species. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biodiversity crisis [1] | The current rapid decline in the variety of life on Earth, largely due to the effects of human culture. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biodiversity hot spot [1] | A relatively small area with an exceptional concentration of endemic species. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bioenergetics [1] | The study of how organisms manage their energy resources. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biogenesis [1] | The principle that all life arises by the reproduction of preexisting life. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biogenic amines [1] | Neurotransmitters derived from amino acids. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biogeochemical cycles [1] | Any of the various nutrient circuits, which involve both biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biogeography [1] | The study of the past and present distribution of species. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biological clock [1] | An internal timekeeper that controls an organism's biological rhythms; marks time with or without environmental cues but often requires signals from the environment to remain tuned to an appropriate period. See also circadian rhythm. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biological magnification [1] | A trophic process in which retained substances become more concentrated with each link in the food chain. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biological species concept [1] | The definition of a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential in nature to interbreed and produce fertile offspring; a biological species is also called a sexual species. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biomass [1] | The dry weight of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a particular habitat. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biome [1] | One of the world's major ecosystems, classified according to the predominant vegetation and characterized by adaptations of organisms to that particular environment. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bioremediation [1] | The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biosphere [1] | The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet's ecosystems. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biotechnology [1] | The manipulation of living organisms or their components to produce useful products. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biotic [1] | Pertaining to the living organisms in the environment. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] biotic components [1] | All the organisms that are part of the environment. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bipolar cell [1] | Neurons that synapse with the axons of rods and cones in the retina of the eye. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] birds [1] | Any of a class of warm-blooded vertebrates distinguished by having the body more or less completely covered with feathers and the forelimbs modified as wings. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] birth control pills [1] | Chemical contraceptives that inhibit ovulation, retard follicular development, or alter a woman's cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering the uterus. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bisexual flower [1] | A flower equipped with both stamens and carpels. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blade [1] | A leaflike structure of a seaweed that provides most of the surface area for photosynthesis. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blastocoel [1] | The fluid-filled cavity that forms in the center of the blastula embryo. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blastocyst [1] | An embryonic stage in mammals; a hollow ball of cells produced one week after fertilization in humans. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blastodisc [1] | An embryonic cap of dividing cells resting on a large undivided yolk. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blastomeres [1] | Small cells of an early embryo. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blastopore [1] | The opening of the archenteron in the gastrula that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blastula [1] | The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blood [1] | A type of connective tissue with a fluid matrix called plasma in which blood cells are suspended. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blood pressure [1] | The hydrostatic force that blood exerts against the wall of a vessel. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blood vessel [1] | A set of tubes through which the blood moves through the body. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] blood-brain barrier [1] | A specialized capillary arrangement in the brain that restricts the passage of most substances into the brain, thereby preventing dramatic fluctuations in the brain's environment. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] body cavity [1] | A fluid-containing space between the digestive tract and the body wall. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bolus [1] | A lubricated ball of chewed food. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bond energy [1] | The quantity of energy that must be absorbed to break a particular kind of chemical bond; equal to the quantity of energy the bond releases when it forms. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bone [1] | A type of connective tissue, consisting of living cells held in a rigid matrix of collagen fibers embedded in calcium salts. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] book lungs [1] | Organs of gas exchange in spiders, consisting of stacked plates contained in an internal chamber. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bottleneck effect [1] | Genetic drift resulting from the reduction of a population, typically by a natural disaster, such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bottom-up model [1] | A model of community organization in which mineral nutrients control community organization because nutrients control plant numbers, which in turn control herbivore numbers, which in turn control predator numbers. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Bowman's capsule [1] | A cup-shaped receptacle in the vertebrate kidney that is the initial, expanded segment of the nephron where filtrate enters from the blood. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] brachiopod [1] | Also called lamp shells, these animals superficially resemble clams and other bivalve mollusks, but the two halves of the brachiopod shell are dorsal and ventral to the animal rather than lateral, as in clams. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] brain hormone [1] | A hormone produced by neurosecretory cells in the insect brain. It promotes development by stimulating the prothoracic glands to secrete ecdysone. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] brainstem [1] | The hindbrain and midbrain of the vertebrate central nervous system. In humans, it forms a cap on the anterior end of the spinal cord, extending to about the middle of the brain. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] breathing control center [1] | A brain center that directs the activity of organs involved in breathing. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bronchioles [1] | Fine branches of the bronchus that transport air to alveoli. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bronchus [1] | One of a pair of breathing tubes that branch from the trachea into the lungs. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] brown algae [1] | One of a group of marine, multicellular, autotrophic protists, the most common type of seaweed. Brown algae include the kelps. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] brown fat [1] | A special tissue in some mammals, located in the neck and between the shoulders, that is specialized for rapid heat production. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Bryophyta [1] | The phylum of mosses. Note that the term "bryophyte " refers instead to the informal group of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, nonvascular plants that inhabit the land but lack many of the terrestrial adaptations of vascular plants. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bryophytes [1] | A moss, liverwort, or hornwort; a nonvascular plant that inhabits the land but lacks many of the terrestrial adaptations of vascular plants. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bryozoan [1] | Colonial animals that superficially resemble mosses. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] budding [1] | An asexual means of propagation in which outgrowths from the parent form and pinch off to live independently or else remain attached to eventually form extensive colonies. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] budgets [1] | Used in reference to the gains and losses of various materials and energy. Most energy and materials budgets are interconnected, with changes in the flux of one component affecting the exchanges of other components. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] buffer [1] | A substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bulbourethral gland [1] | One of a pair of glands near the base of the penis in the human male that secrete fluid that lubricates and neutralizes acids in the urethra during sexual arousal. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bulk flow [1] | The movement of water due to a difference in pressure between two locations. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bulk-feeder [1] | Animals that eat relatively large pieces of food. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] bundle-sheath cell [1] | A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] C3 plant [1] | A plant that uses the Calvin cycle for the initial steps that incorporate CO2 into organic material, forming a three-carbon compound as the first stable intermediate. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] C4 plant [1] | A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds, the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cadherins [1] | An important class of cell-to-cell adhesion molecules. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] calcitonin [1] | A mammalian thyroid hormone that lowers blood calcium levels. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] callus [1] | A mass of dividing, undifferentiated cells at the cut end of a shoot. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] calmodulin [1] | An intracellular protein to which calcium binds in its function as a second messenger in hormone action. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] calorie (cal) [1] | The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C; also the amount of heat energy that 1 g of water releases when it cools by 1°C. The Calorie (with a capital C), usually used to indicate the energy content of food, is a kilocalorie. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Calvin cycle [1] | The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions), involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] CAM plant [1] | A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism, an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions, first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids, which release CO2 for the Calvin cycle during the day, when stomata are closed. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] Cambrian explosion [1] | A burst of evolutionary origins when most of the major body plans of animals appeared in a relatively brief time in geologic history; recorded in the fossil record about 545 to 525 million years ago. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cAMP receptor protein (CRP) [1] | A regulatory protein that directly stimulates gene expression. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] canaliculi [1] | Minute canals in a bodily structure. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] canopy [1] | The uppermost layer of vegetation in a terrestrial biome. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] capillary [1] | A microscopic blood vessel that penetrates the tissues and consists of a single layer of endothelial cells that allows exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] capillary bed [1] | A network of capillaries that infiltrate every organ and tissue in the body. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] capsid [1] | The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped, polyhedral, or more complete in shape. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] capsule [1] | A sticky layer that surrounds the cell walls of some bacteria, protecting the cell surface and sometimes helping to glue the cell to surfaces. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carbohydrate [1] | A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides). | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carbon fixation [1] | The incorporation of carbon from CO2 into an organic compound by an autotrophic organism (a plant, another photosynthetic organism, or a chemoautotrophic bacterium). | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carbonyl group [1] | A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carboxyl group [1] | A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carboxylic acid [1] | An organic compound containing a carboxyl group. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carboxypeptidase [1] | An enzyme found within the small intestine that splits off one amino acid at a time, beginning at the end of the polypeptide that has a free carboxyl group. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carcinogen [1] | A chemical agent that causes cancer. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cardiac cycle [1] | The alternating contractions and relaxations of the heart. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cardiac muscle [1] | A type of muscle that forms the contractile wall of the heart; its cells are joined by intercalated discs that relay each heartbeat. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cardiac output [1] | The volume of blood pumped per minute by the left ventricle of the heart. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cardiovascular disease [1] | Diseases of the heart and blood vessels. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] cardiovascular system [1] | A closed circulatory system with a heart and branching network of arteries, capillaries, and veins; the system is characteristic of vertebrates. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carnites [1] | The group of birds with a carina, or sternal keel, supporting their large breast muscles. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carnivore [1] | An animal, such as a shark, hawk, or spider, that eats other animals. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
c02f025a_Glossary_Flashcards___Cram_com__1 | [2] carotenoid [1] | An accessory pigment, either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis. | [] | Biology Campbell Glossary Flashcards - Cram.com | 1 | http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biology-campbell-glossary-424037 | 34/1438042981753.21_20150728002301-00204-ip-10-236-191-2_369939429_0.json |
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