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dcf37b7c-c174-5d72-ab55-e17cb7677b27
Miosis, incontinence, excess salivation, and convulsions are toxic effects of
amphetamines
phenothiazines
cocaine
tricyclic antidepressants
5
E
1
organophosphate insecticides
null
null
null
null
c48c7153-6a46-59ad-bf26-1f755b18d01f
An otherwise healthy 42-year-old woman is referred for management of pain associated with adenocarcinoma of the breast and metastasis to the anterior body of L3. She perceives the pain as moderate and currently takes no pain medication. Her oncologist estimates her life expectancy to be 18 months. The most appropriate ...
a benzodiazepine as needed and at bedtime
an oxycodone preparation as needed and a tricyclic antidepressant at bedtime
intravenous patient-controlled analgesia
morphine infusion via an implanted epidural catheter
5
B
2
parenteral meperidine
null
null
null
null
175175d9-fcd1-50d5-9d9e-4bab1ad42767
A 70-kg, 50-year-old man is scheduled for muscle flap closure of a decubitus ulcer over the sacrum. He has been quadriplegic at the level of C6-7 for six years. Which of the following is most likely to result from subarachnoid anesthesia with tetracaine 10 mg for this procedure?
Atrioventricular block
Decreased risk for autonomic dysreflexia
Impaired expiratory muscle function
Impaired inspiratory muscle function
5
B
2
Inadequate block of spastic movements
null
null
null
null
b42f3efc-c6b4-5036-892c-c261d559fe44
Which of the following is the most likely cause of the increased incidence of right ventricular failure in patients with morbid obesity?
Chronic hypoxia
Chronic silent pulmonary aspiration
Chronic silent subendocardial ischemia
Decreased vital capacity
5
A
1
Increased pulmonary blood flow
null
null
null
null
202cabad-b37a-5712-83d4-7fbb303046ba
Succinylcholine can be administered safely to a patient with
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
cerebral palsy
a pelvic crush injury sustained two weeks ago
a 20% body surface area burn sustained 10 days ago
5
B
1
hemiparesis one month after a cerebrovascular accident
null
null
null
null
3454a868-7fb8-507d-880a-240b122e6a6f
The supine hypotensive syndrome of pregnancy
begins at 32 weeks' gestation
causes fetal distress by aortocaval compression
is corrected by Trendelenburg's position
is less likely following subarachnoid block than epidural block
5
B
1
occurs in 90% of supine women at 38 to 40 weeks' gestation
null
null
null
null
133d4077-1973-50f9-ab7a-64272e70f1b6
Ketamine decreases
bronchomotor tone
intracranial pressure
intraocular pressure
salivation
5
A
1
seizure threshold
null
null
null
null
c0c1b975-aaf2-5f04-a067-b5ad84ad8e5d
Each of the following statements about the anatomy of the autonomic nervous system is true EXCEPT:
Preganglionic cell bodies are located in the central nervous system
Postganglionic neurons are located in outlying ganglia
The parasympathetic ganglia are located near their target organs
The adrenal gland is innervated only by the sympathetic nervous system
5
E
1
The parasympathetic nervous system has thoracic and sacral segments
null
null
null
null
8570f8b7-bcc4-519e-9fa6-7de62b6e00eb
Cyanide toxicity from nitroprusside is unlikely in patients with renal dysfunction because
renal excretion of thiosulfate is decreased
metabolic acidosis inactivates cyanide
anemia inhibits breakdown of nitroprusside by oxyhemoglobin
thiocyanate is formed in the liver
5
A
1
the dose of nitroprusside necessary to lower blood pressure is greatly decreased
null
null
null
null
f7a11762-a57d-5668-941a-b7fd0a1ce48b
Each of the following is consistent with exposure to organophosphates EXCEPT
bronchodilation
muscle weakness
salivation
sweating
5
A
1
urinary retention
null
null
null
null
ef477dcd-d967-5b52-83ed-57bf7baee78e
Which of the following findings differentiates the pickwickian syndrome from morbid obesity?
Carbon dioxide retention
Upper airway obstruction
Decreased forced expiratory volume
Increased shunt fraction
5
A
1
Increased functional residual capacity
null
null
null
null
9d489c07-1fc1-5150-85b6-725860b0ce49
Compared with morphine 5 mg administered epidurally at T12, morphine 5 mg administered intravenously is associated with
greater incidence of urinary retention
less intense analgesia
less nausea and vomiting
longer duration of analgesia
5
B
1
longer time to maximum analgesia
null
null
null
null
26a06716-8f19-5cbd-a065-becd7822c665
During induction of anesthesia, a 56-year-old man with small bowel obstruction vomits a large quantity of undigested food particles and presumably aspirates. After instituting ventilation with pure oxygen, the most appropriate management is to
administer dexamethasone
administer penicillin G
perform bronchoscopy
ventilate with positive end-expiratory pressure 15 cmH2O
5
C
2
proceed with the anesthesia plan if the tracheal pH is greater than 2.5
null
null
null
null
7c650baa-9298-5c07-9049-43f5ca120d11
Which of the following statements concerning anesthesia machine flowmeters is true?
At high gas flows, viscosity is the predominant determinant of flow rate
At low flow rates, gas density is the predominant determinant of flow rate
Flowmeters should be upstream from the oxygen fail-safe device
The oxygen flowmeter should be upstream from other flowmeters
5
E
1
Tapered flow tubes allow a constant decrease in pressure across the float
null
null
null
null
e5577db0-aae1-51f2-87cf-e911ca264686
The condition LEAST likely to be associated with sustained pain relief following a nerve block is
causalgia
myofascial pain
diabetic neuropathy
acute herpes zoster
5
C
1
reflex sympathetic dystrophy
null
null
null
null
1758dd6f-57df-5969-9d08-6e33c842aeef
A 70-kg, 22-year-old man who is unconscious after a closed head injury is to undergo emergency splenectomy. He is anesthetized with thiopental, given pancuronium for paralysis, and started on nitrous oxide and oxygen 50% each with controlled ventilation (tidal volume 700 ml, rate 10/min). Pulse is 70 bpm, blood pressur...
Add 10 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), increase respiratory rate to 14/min
Add sufficient PEEP to increase PaO2 to 80 mmHg
Add 10 cmH2O PEEP, increase FlO2 to 1.0
Increase tidal volume to 1000 ml, increase FiO2 to 1.0
5
D
3
Increase tidal volume to 1200 ml, decrease respiratory rate to 8/min
null
null
null
null
e07766d2-168c-50c6-ad54-20290b4668e8
A woman is in labor at 40 weeks' gestation and the fetus is in breech presentation. Which of the following will provide adequate uterine relaxation for vaginal delivery?
Spinal anesthesia
Epidural anesthesia
Halothane anesthesia
Pudendal nerve block
5
C
2
Magnesium sulfate
null
null
null
null
88532865-cafd-525d-a1b8-b358870e9849
Which of the following can be used as a sole criterion for brain death?
Absence of cerebral blood flow
Absence of doll's eye movements
Fixed, dilated pupils
Isoelectric EEG
5
A
1
Unresponsiveness to all externally applied stimuli
null
null
null
null
7dc34298-265c-5aad-b9c6-091781f29982
Severe nausea and vomiting in the PACU is most effectively treated with a drug that acts as an antagonist at which of the following receptors?
Alpha-adrenergic
Beta-adrenergic
Dopamine
GABA
5
C
1
Glutamate
null
null
null
null
5f142ec6-7795-541f-b392-9e39770116ae
During postoperative indirect laryngoscopy, the vocal cords appear symmetric during quiet breathing and approximate to the left of midline during phonation. The most likely cause is
pure abductor paralysis of the left cord
pure abductor paralysis of the right cord
abductor and adductor paralysis of the left cord
abductor and adductor paralysis of the right cord
5
C
3
adductor paralysis of both cords
null
null
null
null
a941e31b-a74b-5e07-a9e6-7530f12933a3
In patients who have undergone cardiopulmonary bypass, administration of milrinone is most likely to result in an increase in which of the following?
Arterial blood pressure
Heart rate
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Stroke volume
5
D
1
Systemic vascular resistance
null
null
null
null
d1fa6b3c-3573-50ac-8f10-dc1936c8ce52
DC shocks of 200 joules applied directly to the heart are likely to
worsen coronary perfusion
prevent postshock arrhythmias
produce myocardial contractile abnormalities
increase myocardial impedance
5
C
1
decrease myocardial temperature
null
null
null
null
344bb25a-ca09-5547-9c1b-194718c1d978
Which of the following statements concerning use of temperature-corrected blood gas measurement (pH-stat) during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass is true?
Blood gas analysis is performed at the patient's temperature
Carbon dioxide should not be added to the bypass circuit
The carbon dioxide content of the patient's blood is greater than it would be without temperature correction
The incidence of postoperative neurologic deficits is increased compared with the alpha-stat method
5
C
1
The patient's temperature should be maintained above 25°C
null
null
null
null
f31902ac-b364-5dc3-846e-b17000f06da3
A 14-month-old child has tetralogy of Fallot with dynamic obstruction to right ventricular outflow. Which of the following is most likely to decrease cyanosis in this child?
Calcium
Epinephrine
Nitroglycerin
Nitroprusside
5
E
2
Propranolol
null
null
null
null
510369ab-777b-571e-a5ec-1141c87f4240
During direct intra-arterial measurement of blood pressure
the mean arterial pressure will be unaffected by small air bubbles in the system
an underdamped system will overestimate the mean arterial pressure
an underdamped system will overestimate the diastolic pressure
long tubing from the catheter to the transducer will tend to decrease resonance in the system
5
A
1
calibration of the transducer by opening a stopcock to air at the sternal angle will overestimate the mean
null
null
null
null
9ed89293-0e46-5087-afbb-985f7547cf0e
A patient has a seizure within seconds after receiving a retrobulbar injection of 0.5% bupivacaine with epinephrine 1:200,000. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Air embolism
Oculocardiac reflex
Ophthalmic artery injection
Retrobulbar hemorrhage
5
C
1
Subdural injection
null
null
null
null
d7a310cd-38fd-541d-9575-12e46381e371
After the bronchial and tracheal cuffs of a right endobronchial tube are inflated, ventilation through the tracheal lumen is not possible. This finding is most consistent with
cuff occlusion of the right upper lobe bronchus
intubation of the left bronchus
left-sided tension pneumothorax
overinflation of the bronchial cuff
5
E
2
positioning of both cuffs in the trachea
null
null
null
null
78d29de8-91d7-5793-aaf0-313c198e1872
Which of the following cardiovascular abnormalities is LEAST likely to be present in a patient with end-stage alcoholic cirrhosis?
Decreased myocardial contractility
High cardiac index
High mixed venous oxygen saturation
Increased peripheral vascular resistance
5
D
2
Low blood viscosity
null
null
null
null
ac8b7075-fae1-5e4b-b384-7d98b51809d5
Which of the following statements concerning pipecuronium is true?
It has a faster onset than pancuronium
It increases systemic vascular resistance
It induces tachycardia
It is eliminated by the kidney
5
D
1
It induces histamine release
null
null
null
null
eb36991e-54bf-5bc4-b20b-e6936b424f9c
When compared with a healthy 30-year-old man, which of the following respiratory parameters is decreased in an otherwise healthy 80-year-old man?
Alveolar to arterial oxygen gradient
Lung compliance
Ratio of functional residual capacity to total lung capacity
Resting tidal volume
5
E
1
Ventilatory response to carbon dioxide
null
null
null
null
d792ca45-231d-51b2-b528-bd27cc28790a
In a patient who is receiving nitroglycerin intravenously after a coronary artery operation, peripheral oxygen saturation is 85% and PaO2 is 200 mmHg. The most appropriate management is administration of
exchange transfusion
hydroxocobalamin
methylene blue
pure oxygen at 3 atmospheres
5
C
2
thiocyanate
null
null
null
null
57790b70-7d7e-5891-abb0-44ba3a6b2aee
A 50-year-old man with alcoholism and jaundice is scheduled to undergo umbilical herniorrhaphy. An increase in which of the following best indicates impaired synthetic hepatic function?
Prothrombin time
Serum alanine aminotransferase concentration
Serum albumin/globulin ratio
Serum alkaline phosphatase concentration
5
A
1
Serum bilirubin concentration
null
null
null
null
6a1f3918-f4d1-5a9e-a1f3-d0c8ed8d6a72
A 19-year-old man is undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy. He is anesthetized with a spinal block supplemented with midazolam and fentanyl. During the procedure, he has sudden loss of consciousness, profound hypotension, and bradycardia; systolic pressure is 40 mmHg and heart rate is 30 bpm. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation ...
atropine
ephedrine
epinephrine
flumazenil
5
C
2
naloxone
null
null
null
null
e283a818-9f4f-510f-ba19-1a286885de26
In a patient with peripheral vascular disease, the most likely result of lumbar sympathetic block is
increased blood flow to skin and decreased blood flow to muscle
increased blood flow to skin and unchanged blood flow to muscle
increased blood flow to skin and muscle
decreased blood flow to skin and muscle
5
B
2
decreased blood flow to skin and unchanged blood flow to muscle
null
null
null
null
206743b7-512b-5054-947f-9fdd2058f604
Which of the following statements concerning carbon monoxide poisoning is true? A 38-year-old woman with a large goiter has undergone subtotal thyroidectomy. Airway obstruction is noted immediately after extubation despite normal vocal cord function on laryngoscopy. Which of the following is the most likely explanation...
Arytenoid dislocation
Hematoma
Hypocalcemia
Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
5
E
3
Tracheomalacia
null
null
null
null
d123c244-7d86-5d32-a09b-b25718b5fc26
A 75-year-old woman with significant carotid artery stenosis is scheduled for general anesthesia for repair of a fractured hip. Which of the following is the greatest disadvantage of using propofol as an induction agent in this patient?
Decreased arterial blood pressure
Pain during intravenous injection
Prolonged apnea after induction
Prolonged awakening
5
A
2
Prolonged elimination half-life
null
null
null
null
6fe0c725-9910-5a6c-ad66-df7df1444e7b
Two opened oxygen cylinders, one full and one empty, are attached to an anesthesia machine. The check valve to the empty cylinder fails. This is expected to result in
activation of the fail-safe device
cessation of oxygen flow to the anesthesia circuit
filling of the empty cylinder with a mixture of all gases supplied to the anesthesia machine
increase in the temperature of the empty cylinder
5
D
3
interruption of gas delivery from the central oxygen source
null
null
null
null
45ccc5f1-e5e5-5b72-86d3-1a9c17bd33c2
A 25-year-old woman is undergoing emergency appendectomy at 36 weeks' gestation. Following subarachnoid injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine and placement in the supine position, the patient has nausea; heart rate is 105 bpm and blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
Displacement of the uterus to the left
Immediate tracheal intubation
Intramuscular administration of ephedrine
Placement of the operating table in the reverse Trendelenburg position
5
A
2
Ventilation by mask with 100% oxygen
null
null
null
null
ddff903e-6424-5247-9e2a-356c4f97ca2a
A 64-year-old patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease sustained fractures of ribs 4 through 8 on the left one hour ago. Examination shows agitation, heart rate of 120 bpm, respiratory rate of 30/min, and blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg. PaO2 is 70 mmHg and PaCO2 is 35 mmHg on room air. Radiographs of the ches...
Continuous epidural analgesia using local anesthetics
Mechanical ventilation
Infusion of midazolam
Patient-controlled analgesia with morphine sulfate
5
A
3
Surgical stabilization of rib fractures
null
null
null
null
609085f4-7735-587f-b198-ced12118e868
Metoclopramide
decreases gastric acid secretion
decreases gastroesophageal sphincter tone
is contraindicated in patients with Parkinson's disease
is most effective when administered in combination with atropine
5
C
1
requires an intact vagus nerve for gastrointestinal effects
null
null
null
null
8934fe9a-b332-5887-8f8d-08a6c76dbf4f
Which of the following is an effect of ritodrine?
Anisocoria
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypokalemia
5
D
1
Urinary retention
null
null
null
null
7702e931-6003-512f-b906-066496c51b23
An obese patient and a lean patient receive halothane for the same duration and at the same inspired tension. Postoperatively, the obese patient would demonstrate
higher serum creatinine concentration
higher serum fluoride concentration
lower eosinophil count
lower serum alkaline phosphate activity
5
B
2
lower serum bromide concentration
null
null
null
null
e081ac0a-fed9-5162-8c70-97a7f524d709
Which of the following statements concerning interscalene brachial plexus block is true?
The three trunks of the plexus are in the same fascial plane as the internal jugular vein
Distal spread of anesthetic past the humeral head is accelerated by adduction of the arm
Anesthetic solution can spread up the fascial sheaths to involve the stellate ganglion
Ipsilateral diaphragmatic paralysis results from epidural spread
5
C
1
Rich vascularity in the sheaths promotes rapid vascular uptake of anesthetic
null
null
null
null
b30de8f6-9bba-523b-a943-28df897efea2
High positive end-expiratory pressure can result in each of the following EXCEPT
decreased venous return
increased functional residual capacity
a left-to-right shift of the ventricular septum
decreased PaO2
5
C
1
pulmonary barotrauma
null
null
null
null
616b6554-275d-5f0f-9dc6-d5ffccf25d8d
A 95-kg, 65-year-old woman receives sevoflurane and pancuronium during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Three minutes after administration of neostigmine 5 mg and atropine 1.2 mg, the twitch height returns to normal. Spontaneous tidal volume is 500 ml when the endotracheal tube is removed. In the PACU she reports dyspne...
Atelectasis
Cholinergic crisis
Pain
Residual enflurane
5
E
3
Residual muscle paralysis
null
null
null
null
ec14ad80-f634-5a88-99a0-53a645672268
An advantage of CPDA-1 over CPD for storage of packed red blood cells is
greater enhancement of red cell survival
lesser increase in plasma hemoglobin concentration
lesser increase in PC02 of stored blood
better maintenance of blood pH
5
A
1
better maintenance of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration
null
null
null
null
b3431a29-a421-5803-b06d-07961351e2f1
Compared with isoflurane, desflurane
causes higher plasma norepinephrine levels
has greater biodegradability
has a higher blood/gas partition coefficient
has a lower MAC value
5
A
1
has a lower vapor pressure
null
null
null
null
97722ab4-0c11-516b-b938-45f03cd6597e
Epinephrine is less effective in prolonging epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine than epidural anesthesia with lidocaine because
peak bupivacaine concentrations are decreased less than peak lidocaine concentrations
the acidic pH of epinephrine decreases the concentration of the nonionized bupivacaine
bupivacaine produces more vasoconstriction than lidocaine
the duration of action of bupivacaine is independent of local blood flow
5
D
3
bupivacaine antagonizes the vasoconstrictor activity of epinephrine
null
null
null
null
738ae9be-3e26-59c1-9849-b9e358a6d33f
Which of the following results in decreased mixed venous oxygen saturation?
Cardiogenic shock
Decreased metabolic rate
Increased cardiac output
Left-to-right intracardiac shunt
5
A
2
Pulmonary vasodilation
null
null
null
null
f17893e5-7f04-5c7e-872c-43f6f49a781f
Compared with other volatile inhalation anesthetics, desflurane has which of the following characteristics?
Equipotency to isoflurane
Greater extent of biotransformation than enflurane
Less airway irritation than halothane
Lower blood gas solubility coefficient than enflurane
5
D
1
Lower vapor pressure than isoflurane
null
null
null
null
502f29cb-4b9d-5df0-aa3e-270ed4a0b945
An anesthesia machine is set to deliver oxygen 2 L/min, nitrous oxide 2 L/min, and sevoflurane. After 30 minutes of stable anesthesia, which of the following, is the most likely cause of a decrease in the oxygen analyzer reading from 50% to 30%?
A leak in the ventilator bellows
Accumulation of water on the oxygen sensor membrane
Calibration at 100% oxygen using less than 100% oxygen
Disconnection of the wall oxygen hose
5
B
2
Presence of the oxygen analyzer in the expiratory limb
null
null
null
null
49d0498c-e598-5900-a6fd-10ed38c37d0f
Diplopia following lumbar puncture with a 25-gauge, 3 1/2-inch needle is the result of
stretching the abducens nerve
pressure on the optic nerve
distortion of the oculomotor nucleus from collapse of the wall of the third ventricle
the severity of the accompanying headache
5
A
1
compensatory cerebral swelling
null
null
null
null
e42c3b0b-0c0b-55d0-9312-069206750e92
A child undergoing general anesthesia is breathing spontaneously using the Jackson-Rees modification of the Ayres T-piece. Respiratory rate is 20/min and tidal volume is 75 ml. What is the minimum fresh gas flow required to prevent rebreathing?
750 ml/min
1500 ml/min
2250 ml/min
4500 ml/min
5
D
2
6000 ml/min
null
null
null
null
4f050889-e0dc-5e03-a0c2-3c7c0eb40c79
Immediately after a retrobulbar block for cataract surgery, the eye grossly protrudes and the patient has the sensation of pressure in the eye. The most appropriate initial intervention is
hyperventilation
surgical drainage of a hematoma
manual compression of the globe
administration of atropine intravenously
5
B
2
administration of mannitol intravenously
null
null
null
null
19318858-a355-5bfa-ab22-bb1e5105dcd8
A 75-year-old man in the PACU complains of severe pain following thoracotomy. Respiratory rate is 30/min; arterial blood gas values are PaO2 70 mmHg, PaCO2 56 mmHg, and pH 7.28 at an FiO2 of 0.6. The patient has a thoracic epidural catheter and received epidural morphine 2 mg 45 minutes earlier. Which of the following ...
Intravenous administration of naloxone
Epidural administration of additional morphine
Epidural administration of 0.125% bupivacaine
Epidural administration of fentanyl
5
C
3
Intubation of the trachea
null
null
null
null
0c6dbb4b-2790-51f8-9d45-5b02afe161a2
Intractable pain due to unresectable pancreatic carcinoma is most effectively treated with
bilateral neurolytic intercostal blocks at T10-12
bilateral sympathetic blocks with phenol
celiac plexus block with alcohol
epidural block with phenol
5
C
1
subarachnoid block with alcohol
null
null
null
null
f26edd7d-4f49-58d6-b285-678e55ed727b
Each of the following is an effect of electroconvulsive therapy EXCEPT
increased intracranial blood volume
increased oxygen consumption
inhibition of parasympathetic activity
retrograde amnesia
5
C
1
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
null
null
null
null
4c3e5a69-5176-5049-84c3-7727b7b3ca31
When methylmethacrylate is inserted into the femur, each of the following may occur EXCEPT
monomer metabolic breakdown
vasodilation
hypercarbia
hypoxia
5
C
1
increased intramedullary pressure
null
null
null
null
4f0a0cfa-8489-544e-9fd2-c575345007a6
Each of the following statements about muscle rigidity induced by opioids is true EXCEPT:
The degree of rigidity is related to the rate of opioid administration
It is more apparent during the administration of nitrous oxide
Muscles of the trunk are affected more than muscles of the extremities
It results from a direct effect of the opioid on skeletal muscles
5
D
1
It can be produced by large doses of morphine
null
null
null
null
77d678bb-d549-5745-acac-c4a6d99a8cae
Following a vaginal hysterectomy in the lithotomy position under general anesthesia, a patient has numbness of the lateral aspect of the left calf and medial half of the dorsum of the left foot. On physical examination she has footdrop and the toes cannot be extended. Which nerve is most likely to be involved?
Common peroneal nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
Posterior tibial nerve
Saphenous nerve
5
A
1
Sciatic nerve
null
null
null
null
888c55c7-366a-5050-86ae-847f378b713c
Each of the following indicates a hemolytic transfusion reaction in an anesthetized patient EXCEPT
bleeding diathesis
wheezing
hypotension
hemoglobinuria
5
B
1
decreased serum haptoglobin concentration
null
null
null
null
89e618cc-1480-5ff2-a4a9-b3e09e008ebd
A patient is anesthetized using an inhaled anesthetic with a blood/gas partition coefficient of 13.0. Recovery time depends primarily on
oil/gas solubility of the drug
cardiac output
tidal volume
duration of administration
5
D
2
MAC of the drug
null
null
null
null
77b08b6f-e1ca-573d-b89d-74758c9065df
Inhibition of labor by terbutaline causes each of the following maternal side effects EXCEPT
hyperkalemia
hypotension
ventricular dysrhythmias
hyperglycemia
5
A
1
pulmonary edema
null
null
null
null
d7088c9b-9be2-5a79-b091-66ffedde865b
The primary determinant of the duration of an intravenous regional block sufficient to provide surgical anesthesia of an upper extremity is
duration of tourniquet inflation
capacitance of the venous system of the extremity
local anesthetic agent injected
volume of anesthetic solution injected
5
A
1
method of exsanguinating the arm
null
null
null
null
e38d89d6-ecf7-5496-8e41-fca72e187341
Thirty-six hours after primary repair of meningomyelocele, a term newborn has frequent periods of apnea lasting 25 seconds and associated with oxygen desaturation to 80%. The most likely explanation is
hyperglycemia
loss of cerebrospinal fluid
obstructive hydrocephalus
residual anesthetic effect
5
C
3
normal postoperative events
null
null
null
null
b403c0b9-e5d4-5426-9287-a21ae2d13589
Administration of succinylcholine 1 mg/kg to a pregnant woman rarely causes fetal neuromuscular blockade. Which characteristic of succinylcholine best explains this phenomenon?
High protein binding
Ionization
Lack of passive placental diffusion
Lipid solubility
5
B
1
Metabolism in the fetal liver
null
null
null
null
f2956634-111e-5504-abab-d2bd0f0c7343
A patient has pain in the left thoracic wall associated with metastatic rib lesions. An intrathecal neurolytic block with 6% phenol in glycerin is planned for pain relief. Prior to performing the block, the patient should be placed in which of the following positions?
Left lateral semisupine
Right lateral semisupine
Left lateral semiprone
Right lateral semiprone
5
A
1
Prone
null
null
null
null
40a6a0a7-728e-50a2-84aa-2313f48baa11
Which of the following is the primary factor regulating normal coronary blood flow?
Aortic diastolic pressure
Coronary perfusion pressure
Heart rate
Myocardial oxygen consumption
5
D
1
Systolic wall tension
null
null
null
null
4825872b-5979-5db0-b7d6-a956f63767a3
A 1150-g, 10-day-old infant is undergoing a bowel resection for necrotizing enterocolitis. Heart rate is 200 bpm and blood pressure measured through a femoral artery catheter is 45/24 mmHg. The most appropriate next step is administration of
calcium gluconate
epinephrine
esmolol
fentanyl
5
E
2
normal saline solution
null
null
null
null
58f76473-a262-57c4-a32d-e2e50cc747bf
An obese, 35-year-old man had an episode of coughing followed by vomiting during induction of anesthesia for arthroscopy of the left knee. Intense wheezing developed bilaterally over five minutes. PaO2 is 60 mmHg, PaCO2 is 42 mmHg, and pH is 7.35. Optimal management following intubation of the trachea includes
mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), cancellation of surgery, and transfer to the intensive care unit
saline lavage and continuation of surgery using halothane anesthesia
cancellation of surgery and administration of corticosteroids and antibiotics
thorough suctioning and proceeding with halothane anesthesia
5
A
3
cancellation of surgery, vigorous mechanical ventilation, thorough suctioning, and administration of aminophylline
null
null
null
null
97932750-4e38-5baf-a0b6-3d732ece0b2d
A 69-year-old man is confused and agitated one hour after preoperative intramuscular administration of scopolamine for awake fiberoptic laryngoscopy. SpO2 measured by pulse oximetry is 97%. Which of the following drugs is most appropriate for treatment of the change in mental status?
Fentanyl
Flumazenil
Midazolam
Neostigmine
5
E
2
Physostigmine
null
null
null
null
dc4516ea-41df-5d81-9bb6-5f657c8bddad
Which of the following muscle relaxants has a prolonged duration of action in a patient who is homozygous for atypical plasma cholinesterase?
Atracurium
Doxacurium
Mivacurium
Pipecuronium
5
C
1
Vecuronium
null
null
null
null
daac56f4-ea7f-5d7b-8d19-4700ed3bd2f4
Intravenous administration of mannitol during a craniotomy
decreases intracranial pressure relative to dosage
hastens excretion of pancuronium
induces metabolic alkalosis
produces a sustained increase in intravascular volume
5
E
1
requires an intact blood-brain barrier to decrease brain water
null
null
null
null
2dff275d-35f2-522e-aef4-3636be6a7e25
An 8-year-old child with chronic renal failure is scheduled for an operation to create an arteriovenous fistula. Laboratory studies include: Hemoglobin 6.5 g/dl, Blood gases (breathing air) : PaO2 97 mmHg, PaCO2 29 mmHg, pH 7.30 Sodium 129 mEq/L Potassium 5.5 mEq/L Chloride 101 mEq/L Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L. Before induci...
Anemia
Metabolic acidosis
Potassium concentration
Anemia, metabolic acidosis, and potassium concentration
5
E
3
None of the above
null
null
null
null
eb108ebf-8d26-5334-9007-7128cce5b9e1
Each of the following conditions is associated with upregulation of the acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction EXCEPT
burn injuries
myasthenia gravis
prolonged bed rest
prolonged use of neuromuscular relaxants
5
B
1
upper motor neuron injury
null
null
null
null
2b992da9-c919-5c15-970b-acc4700a5b2a
Which of the following statements concerning the cardiovascular effects of intravenous bupivacaine is true?
Intralipid is effective in treating bupivacaine-induced ventricular arrhythmias
Cardiovascular toxicity is decreased during pregnancy
Cardiovascular toxicity occurs at lower blood levels than central nervous system toxicity
Systemic vascular resistance is unchanged
5
A
1
The rate of impulse conduction through the heart is increased
null
null
null
null
4c4399fe-bcff-5c48-97b9-ddad63bfb01d
A patient who had liver transplantation two years ago now requires general anesthesia for ENT surgery. Minimal rejection has occurred on a regimen of cyclosporine and prednisone. Which of the following is most likely?
Hypoalbuminemia
Hypocalcemia
Episodic hypoglycemia
Increased serum creatinine concentration
5
D
2
Prolonged prothrombin time
null
null
null
null
7864fcdc-e27a-51cc-8aef-18d6f4c7f4f0
Each of the following is a recognized complication during a transurethral resection for which glycine is used as an irrigant EXCEPT
disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
hemolysis
hyperammonemia
shoulder pain
5
B
1
transient blindness
null
null
null
null
ac0a9fe2-c160-5ffc-9b73-ca16d4b993ac
The fail-safe mechanism on an anesthesia machine is activated by
a wall-oxygen pressure of less than 25 psi
a disconnection between the endotracheal tube and the machine
a nitrous oxide concentration in excess of 85%
an incompetent expiratory valve
5
A
1
no oxygen flow
null
null
null
null
0fe60c64-de4b-5d1b-9f1c-00a890290f63
Intraocular pressure is
decreased by glycopyrrolate
increased by hyperventilation
decreased by halothane
increased by nondepolarizing muscle relaxants
5
C
1
increased by phenylephrine eye drops
null
null
null
null
51c96382-fc02-569b-a127-7b8c4e21dd16
Which of the following vaporizer filling errors is most likely to result in inadvertent anesthetic overdose?
Sevoflurane in a halothane vaporizer
Sevoflurane in an isoflurane vaporizer
Halothane in an sevoflurane vaporizer
Halothane in an isoflurane vaporizer
5
C
2
Isoflurane in an sevoflurane vaporizer
null
null
null
null
eb0fc0ae-0dca-5329-8014-87d29afe7d62
During an otherwise uneventful nitrous oxide-sevoflurane anesthetic in a spontaneously breathing patient, 85% nitrous oxide is accidently administered, resulting in a PO2 of 48 mmHg. Which of the following would be expected?
Tachycardia
Sweating
Tachypnea
Hyperactive EEG
5
E
2
None of the above
null
null
null
null
b33c2a5e-1329-5070-8333-cc3aa9a41d88
Proper zeroing of an arterial pressure transducer attached to a supine anesthetized patient is best accomplished by
continuous flow of fluid through the intravascular catheter
opening the system to air at heart level
placement of the transducer diaphragm at heart level
proper damping of the transducer system
5
B
1
zeroing the transducer during the expiration phase of mechanical ventilation
null
null
null
null
a92b8231-4484-5a37-bd1c-64799ddf78ac
Carbon monoxide poisoning with a carboxyhemoglobin concentration of 20% is characterized by each of the following EXCEPT
decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin
decreased PaO2
shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left
normal minute volume of ventilation
5
B
1
headache and nausea
null
null
null
null
df989236-b8d7-5b77-87f1-afd6803df9aa
The flow proportioning system on an anesthesia machine
is regulated primarily by changes in oxygen input pressure
limits nitrous oxide flow when oxygen pressure falls below a preset value
maintains a minimum ratio of oxygen to nitrous oxide in fresh gas flow
precludes the use of a closed system
5
C
1
regulates flows of oxygen and nitrous oxide to maintain a fixed FlO:
null
null
null
null
9c8d70f7-c793-52e6-a8bb-cfe339ce7cbc
Systemic hypothermia to 30°C is accompanied by
a shift to the right of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
a decrease in carbon dioxide dissolved in plasma
a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate
an increase in MAC of volatile inhalation agents
5
C
1
low-voltage, high-frequency EEG pattern
null
null
null
null
066d216f-db12-5bce-86c4-8de5944d0da6
In a patient with chronic renal failure, which of the following statements concerning muscle relaxants is true?
Duration of action of vecuronium is prolonged
The elimination half-life of atracurium is tripled
Reversal with neostigmine is con train dicated
The onset of action of mivacurium is delayed
5
A
1
Succinylcholine is contraindicated
null
null
null
null
ac8a193d-dd15-55d0-9b2a-0126d2909fa1
During the first stage of labor, the pain of uterine contractions and cervical dilatation is transmitted via the spinal cord segments
T6 to L1
T6 to S5
T10 to L1
T10 to S1
5
C
1
T10 to S5
null
null
null
null
d5438ac2-48a9-57a3-b796-ad62c73f7a64
A 30-year-old man who is undergoing laparotomy and resection of a large kidney tumor has a decrease in SpO2 from 100% to 92% and an increase in peak airway pressure from 20 to 35 cm H2O. Plateau pressure is unchanged at 18 cm H2O. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Abdominal packing
Inadequate anesthesia
Inadequate muscle relaxation
Obstruction of the endotracheal tube
5
D
2
Pneumothorax
null
null
null
null
c80f13b2-dcec-584e-bf72-589d9b78de9f
An air/oxygen blender with E-size cylinders is supplying gas to a Mapleson D circuit being used to ventilate a neonate during transport. The air tank is full (psi= 1900/625 L) and flow is 4 L/min. The oxygen tank flow is 5 L/min and the pressure gauge indicates 500 psi. If the flow rates remain unchanged, which of the ...
The air tank will be empty in 90 minutes
The oxygen tank will be empty in 30 minutes
The concentration of oxygen in the circuit is 60%
The oxygen tank will fill with air when the pressure gauge falls below 50 psi
5
B
2
The volume of oxygen remaining can be determined only by weighing the tank
null
null
null
null
f894a097-3efe-5e25-9b76-779b01b707fb
Which of the following is most likely to be effective in the treatment of clinically evident cerebral vasospasm occurring after subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Administration of nimodipine
Administration of thiopental
Decreasing cerebral perfusion pressure
Hypercarbia
5
A
1
Hypocarbia
null
null
null
null
42797ce5-b9cd-5e16-8c6e-d43bd1ccf7b2
Which of the following statements regarding latex allergy is true?
Diphenhydramine is the treatment of choice for latex-induced anaphylactic reaction
Hospital workers are at equal risk as the general population
It is more common in patients with frequent urethral catheterizations
Latex gloves can be rinsed free of antigens
5
C
1
Skin testing should be performed immediately after an acute reaction in the operating room
null
null
null
null
e90fd454-49d5-5026-8791-2684a45dbc9b
Which of the following drugs administered to a parturient eliminates fetal heart rate variability?
Atropine
Ephedrine
Hydralazine
Magnesium sulfate
5
A
1
Terbutaline
null
null
null
null
4f35548f-5add-5d89-8a49-81024b1451fe
Each of the following factors decreases uterine blood flow EXCEPT
aortocaval compression
hypocarbia
hypoxia
sympathetic block
5
C
1
uterine contractions
null
null
null
null
9e17d60a-1f6e-5aba-8b23-2e8f44d79cef
The best premedication regimen for a known active narcotic addict would include
secobarbital
diazepam
nalbuphine
morphine
5
D
2
droperidol
null
null
null
null
97ea27bf-240d-5f5c-b760-57726d534f60
A patient who is scheduled for emergency laparotomy for bowel obstruction has had oliguria for three hours. She has had hypertension for 10 years. Which of the following laboratory findings would indicate preoperative fluid challenge?
Urine osmolality: 300 mOsm/L
Urine specific gravity: 1.015
Urine sodium concentration: 35 mmol/L
Fractional excretion of sodium: 0.5
5
D
2
Ratio of urine-to-plasma creatinine concentrations: 8
null
null
null
null
945028b7-3ccc-5365-9358-36a328aa49ca
Two months ago a 68-year-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus had a transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anesthesia with tetracaine plus epinephrine. He now has numbness and tingling in both feet and disturbance of gait. Physical examination demonstrates stocking-type hypesthesia of both fee...
anterior spinal artery syndrome
diabetic neuropathy
adhesive arachnoiditis
cauda equina syndrome
5
B
2
peripheral nerve injury from the lithotomy position
null
null
null
null
e22f57aa-1e29-5eef-b657-577ba33e4aeb
An acutely ill 65-year-old man with sepsis has severe hypophosphatemia. Which of the following is most likely to result from this electrolyte disorder?
Bronchospasm
Diarrhea
Muscle weakness
Seizures
5
C
1
Ventricular ectopy
null
null
null
null
194ffbe2-2824-566c-a466-d7823168b667
A 5-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot is scheduled for elective inguinal herniorrhaphy. Which of the following would require the operation to be postponed?
Current propranolol therapy
Hematocrit of 65%
History of "tet spells"
Patent ductus arteriosus
5
B
3
Room air oxygen saturation of 82%
null
null
null
null
de9129cc-d77e-5233-896e-d3a9230806e3
While delivering nitrous oxide 1.5 L/min, oxygen 1.5 L/min, and sevoflurane 2%, a leak in the oxygen flowmeter would most likely be detected by the
low airway pressure alarm
"fail-safe" system
oxygen analyzer on the expiratory limb
oxygen flowmeter reading
5
E
1
mass spectrometric analysis of gases
null
null
null
null