id
stringlengths
36
36
question
stringlengths
8
990
A
stringlengths
1
284
B
stringlengths
1
250
C
stringlengths
1
278
D
stringlengths
1
297
choice_num
int64
2
9
target
stringclasses
6 values
category
int64
1
3
E
stringlengths
1
604
F
stringclasses
14 values
G
stringclasses
3 values
H
stringclasses
3 values
I
stringclasses
1 value
96b467fc-38df-52d7-90b7-96135a3c228f
An epidural test dose is used to determine which of the following?
The epidural catheter is not intravascular or intrathecal
That the epidural is in the lumbar region
The epidural isn't one-sided
That the epidural will function for surgical anesthesia
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
6407ee8a-c3ed-58b8-a3ee-39357c858444
A normal ICP is typically:
20-40 mm Hg
50-70 mm Hg
100-140 mm Hg
5-15 mm Hg
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
81ab6fed-e97a-53b5-bad3-7d63b2f35e40
An ICU patient has been on propofol, dexmedetomidine, and LR's infusions for the past 3 days. He develops a severe, unexplained metabolic acidosis. What is a potential cause of this condition?
Oxygen toxicity from being on FiO2 > 0.60
Decmedetomidine infusion syndrom (DIS)
Propofol-related infusion syndrome (PRIS)
Sodium toxicity from the LR's
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
4da61bb6-e647-5041-ac18-7030db1ee8e9
What is the trade name for remifentanil?
Sublimaze
Remizist
Remazicon
Ultiva
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
78fce303-f800-51e2-866e-26f2a39f96af
An 82-year-old female patient has a past medical history that includes aortic stenosis. Her anesthetic strategy includes which of the following:
Low HR
Maintain a very low BP
Only use Ketamine
High HR
4
A
2
null
null
null
null
null
25a93924-1608-56f7-adcd-9e63e0aa011e
A patient is emergently brought from the ICU to the OR for sepsis and dead bowel. The patient is hypotensive and on a norepinephrine infusion. The ABG is: pH 7.02 / PCO2 36 / PO2 108 / HCO3 12. Which medication might be considered to help with the BP in this context?
Phenylephrine
Intralipid
Vasopressin
Dobutamine
4
C
3
null
null
null
null
null
20a02ee6-987c-5009-ac6b-2b5f45aef1c3
A patient is to undergo a thyroidectomy due to thyroid cancer. The surgeon requests a special type of endotracheal tube for nerve monitoring during the procedure. Which nerve is monitored due to concerns about injury during thyroid surgeries?
Lateral pharyngeal nerve
Long thoracic nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
5d53c78e-469c-5c1a-a656-1e0aad5f081c
A patient is in the recovery room after having a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Suddenly he develops a narrow-complex tachyarrhythmia with an HR of 180. BP is 60/40. What is the appropriate treatment?
Magnesium
Diltiazem
Synchronized cardioversion
Esmolol
4
C
2
null
null
null
null
null
d4124be8-5267-5229-9830-61d75ae88420
Which IV fluid is considered physiologically hypotonic?
3% sodium chloride
Normal Saline (0.9% sodium chloride)
Plasma-Lyte
Lactated Ringer's
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
f35cb49b-97bf-557f-b0f9-3c4e09090aba
Lactated Ringer's, although compatible with PRBC administration under certain circumstances, is often avoided when transfusing PRBC's because:
The red blood cells in the PRBC's shrink because LR is hypertonic
It results in hyperkalemia
The lactate in LR builds up because of the PRBC's
The calcium in the LR can antagonize the citrate anticoagulant in the PRBC's and potentially result in clotting
4
D
2
null
null
null
null
null
0f0d80e4-c073-5b21-b0d9-6c4d83afaed8
Which type of blood product has the highest risk of bacterial contamination?
Cryoprecipitate
PRBC's
FFP
Platelets
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
9b0d74c0-255e-5573-91a4-763da7fd31c6
The MAC of a volatile anesthetic is defined as:
The alveolar concentration where 95% of patients don't move to surgical stimulation
The minimum concentration the vaporizer can be set to
The alveolar concentration where 50% of patients don't move to surgical stimulation
The point at which toxicity develops
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
d0b5c1c5-e7e3-5fbb-97a6-c7527e80f46e
According to Bernoulli's Principle, a fast-flowing fluid has _________ pressure compared to a slower-flowing fluid.
Can be either higher or lower
Lower
The same
Higher
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
d75da3ee-fe5a-537b-9a11-dffcb0136ed9
OR's have isolated electrical supplies due to:
Isolation capacitors
Double circuit breakers
Faraday cage
Isolation transformers
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
b065a392-eb84-519a-9f0a-384b76c232d2
A patient has high acute blood loss in the OR and receives 7 PRBC's. What electrolyte abnormalities might be expected as a result of the multiple PRBC transfusions?
Low potassium and high calcium
High potassium and high calcium
High potassium and low calcium
Low potassium and low calcium
4
C
2
null
null
null
null
null
cc7d3af7-6aed-52f8-b931-f8fb8780b900
The clinical indication for administration of FFP is:
Reduced platelet function due to renal failure
Need for increased oxygen-carrying capacity
High plasma osmolarity
Treatment of coagulopathy/administration of clotting factors
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
3dd0d48a-84db-5b93-b2ab-bd0c604fe794
The high pressure system in an anesthesia machine consists of:
The APL valve
The flowmeters
The wall gas connectors
The tanks mounted to the back of the anesthesia machine
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
650a4436-4ec5-5a83-bfb3-b83477540bc9
EKG lead II uses which electrodes?
Left Arm (LA) and Left Leg (LL)
Left Arm (LA) and Right Arm (RA)
Left Arm (LA) and Right Leg (RL)
Right Arm (RA) and Left Leg (LL)
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
c04714de-c46b-5eac-b350-e3f4ce308658
A patient is going to have a large spine surgery with both MEP and SSEP monitoring. What is true about an appropriate anesthetic for this case?
TIVA with an infusion of neuromuscular blocker to maintain about 2/4 twitches is a good choice of anesthetic
Ketamine is contraindicated
High-dose volatile anesthetic will improve the signals
Avoidance of any NMBD's
4
A
2
null
null
null
null
null
a5db76d6-64e6-59bb-b179-95006e2157cf
All of the following are risk factors for carbon monoxide formation in the anesthesia breathing system EXCEPT:
Moist absorbent
Low fresh gas flowrates
The use of desflurane (vs sevoflurane)
Non-use of the absorber for 2 or more days
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
9bfe383f-1134-56fd-8e72-d67506415086
The line isolation monitor outside of an OR shows a leakage current of 8 mA. This most likely indicates:
There is no problem; this is a normal leakage current for an OR
An automatic oxygen turnoff valve will stop the flow of oxygen to that room
There is likely a device with a wiring fault
If 100% of this leakage current was directed through the patient's packing wires, it would be below the threshold of injury for microshock and therefore harmless
4
C
2
null
null
null
null
null
b9af78ef-a266-581b-b76f-c4c95ef43d09
What is the trade name for fentanyl?
Sublimaze
Sufenta
Versed
Norcuron
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
e074b60e-8139-541e-9c69-6e8534432155
All of the following are requirements for an OR fire EXCEPT:
A source of ignition (electrocautery, lasers, etc...)
Oxygen
Line isolation monitor failure
Fuel (such as surgical drapes, etc...)
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
fe5652f7-d0a0-5b4a-81af-e89e405223c4
Which is correct regarding proper patient arm positioning to reduce the risk of a nerve injury?
The arms should be extended at least 90 degrees
There can never be any straps holding the arm to the armboard
The area under the elbow should be padded
The palm should be facing downward
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
e3c75038-5340-5af8-9d7a-e9b72fd25eb9
A patient with a known pseudocholinesterase deficiency comes to the OR for elective surgery. Which medication's effects would be expected to be significantly prolonged in this patient?
Remifentanil
Midazolam
Cisatracurium
Succinylcholine
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
4c977b27-e6b5-5dd4-92da-e95ac9cfc91d
Which medication is a pure alpha-1 agonist?
Phenylephrine
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Ephedrine
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
c403e2e3-4973-5052-9888-0ce111c526f6
What is the trade name for cefazolin?
Unasyn
Moxasyn
Zosyn
Ancef
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
6b95b47a-c74e-5cbe-bb2f-70e9812aa940
Which of the following patients in most at risk for microshock?
A patient with a central line
A patient with a BIS monitor attached
A patient on the Wilson Frame
Intraoperative radiation therapy
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
b890a3b8-036a-50f1-bef2-34938bbc5bad
Which of the following medical gasses is matched incorrectly with the standard color of its holding canister?
Air : Yellow
Oxygen : Green
Carbon Dioxide : Orange
Nitrous Oxide : Blue
5
C
1
Nitrogen : Black
null
null
null
null
6656b43a-ef07-51ff-b04d-570a149e7a7d
Which of the following explains the monitor reading seen here?
Incompetent inspiratory valve
Incompetent expiratory valve
Incompetent pop off valve
Breathing circuit air leak
8
F
3
Exhausted CO2 absorbent
More than one of the above
More than two of the above
None of the above
null
4d5db762-f64f-5df4-8e54-eff5f3191ff6
An incompetent pressure relief valve will result in which of the following?
Hypoxia
Barotrauma
Hypoventilation
Hyperventilation
5
C
2
A low-circuit pressure signal
null
null
null
null
54d70b8e-825a-56cf-b4e4-bf848d85253b
Which of the following values (in PSI) corresponds with the pressure inside a standard Oxygen canister at 100%, 50%, and 25% volume respectively?
4000, 4000, 4000
4000, 2000, 1000
2200, 2200, 2200
2200, 1100, 550
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
a0b63624-47d3-5cac-b9bd-99ea00242064
According to the ASA 2008 Recommendations, which of the following machine checks should be completed before each case?
Test scavenging system function
Verify that there are no leaks in the gas supply lines between the flowmeters and the common gas outlet
Verify that patient suction is adequate to clear the airway
Calibrate the oxygen monitor and check the low oxygen alarm
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
9f6bdacd-1b20-5ecd-b3cc-920d44223d83
Which of the following values (in PSI) corresponds with the pressure inside a standard nitrous oxide canister at 100%, 50%, and 25% volume respectively?
2200, 2200, 2200
2200, 1100, 550
745, 745, 745
745, 373, 187
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
96c5545f-cb00-5505-9602-04cc8b6aee67
The presence of a bubble in the tubing between the transducer and catheter of an arterial line is which of the following:
Not significant
Leads to an artificially high reading
Leads to a damping of the tracing
Has the greatest effect on the mean blood pressure
5
C
1
Has a greater effect on the mean blood pressure
null
null
null
null
eb6f9cf6-0436-57a1-9bed-956cf1b1b49a
The device on anesthesia machines that most reliably detects delivery of hypoxic gas mixtures is which of the following?
Fail-safe valve
O2 analyzer
Gas rotamers
Disconnection alarm
5
B
1
Diameter index safety system
null
null
null
null
a230617d-93ec-55f5-a4ff-90f8eaaa2778
As the surgeon is closing from a laparotomy for small bowel obstruction, the hospital central oxygen line stops working, and the size E oxygen cylinder comes on automatically.  The pressure gauge says 550 psi.  If the patient requires 4L by nasal cannula, how long will the canister last?
36 minutes
42 minutes
58 minutes
67 minutes
5
B
2
> 75 minutes
null
null
null
null
31b56f82-2211-58d5-a858-89e8e3eb5fe3
A 26 yo F with no PMHx is getting a rhinoplasty.  As the surgeon is using the bovie, flames start shooting out of the ET tube.  Which of the following is the best next step?
Disconnect the ET tube
Extubate the patient
Cover the area with water
Use the fire extinguisher
4
A
2
null
null
null
null
null
09d6773f-7f9a-5bed-941a-ff49a3086bf6
What is the end product of the reaction of soda-lime with CO2?
CaCO3 + H2O
NaHCO3 + H2O
NaCO3 + H2O
None of the above
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
23f77be9-9bb0-57aa-935f-d954effdbbe0
The most frequent cause of mechanical failure to deliver adequate FiO2 is which of the following?
Attachment of the wrong compression gas cylinder to the O2 yoke
Crossing the pipelines during daily set-up
Malfunctioning rotamer
Fresh gas line disconnection from the machine to the hospital supply
5
E
1
Disconnection of the O2 supply system from the patient
null
null
null
null
2893d11e-0cb6-5d81-a137-84f5f5e3706a
Which of the following breathing systems is most efficient for a patient with controlled ventilation?
Mapleson A
Mapleson B
Mapleson C
Mapleson D
6
D
1
Mapleson E
Bain Modification
null
null
null
3cfbf8b3-52ad-58ac-a75f-01d572804446
A radial arterial line is zeroed with the transducer level to a position 12 cm posterior to the patient's sternal border.  While positioning the patient, the arm with the arterial line is elevated, and the catheter rests 10 cm above the transducer.  The blood pressure currently is measured as 130 / 72.  Which of the fo...
118 / 60
130 / 72
142 / 84
142 / 72
5
A
2
130 / 84
null
null
null
null
5a8ae324-bd8f-5400-9d2f-fd125cce89c0
Which of the following breathing systems is most efficient for a patient with spontaneous ventilation?
Mapleson A
Mapleson B
Mapleson C
Mapleson D
6
A
1
Mapleson E
Bain Circuit
null
null
null
ad135d32-5a52-545e-b365-e2f825917e92
A healthy 25 yo M is in sitting position for an open craniotomy under general anesthesia when his ETCO2 and HR suddenly drop significantly. Rank the following from most sensitive to least in diagnosing this patient's most likely problem: 1. Increased HR 2. Decreased CVP 3. Transesophageal Echo 4. Pre-cordial dopp...
3, 4, 2, 1, 5
4, 3, 5, 2, 1
4, 3, 5, 2, 1
3, 4, 5, 2, 1
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
2dcafa72-9c85-56ab-85b0-e77f17dbdc2f
A patient in Denver is going to have an exploratory laparotomy with sevoflurane.  When compared to a patient at sea level with the same setting on the vaporizer, what are the changes in the percentage of sevoflurane delivered as well as the sevoflurane partial pressure in the gas mixture?
None of the above
Percent sevoflurane delivered will increase, partial pressure of sevoflurane will also increase
Percent sevoflurane delivered will increase, partial pressure of sevoflurane will remain the same
Percent sevoflurane delivered will remain the same, partial pressure of sevoflurane will also remain the same
5
C
2
Percent sevoflurane delivered will decrease, and partial pressure of sevoflurane will also decrease
null
null
null
null
81de2840-892f-5e21-8d33-2596ba430eb9
Which of the following will increase the damping of an arterial line?
Air bubbles between the catheter and transducer
A kink in the tubing between the catheter and the transducer
A blood clot within the catheter
Using soft tubing
5
E
1
All of the above
null
null
null
null
644fb857-8a79-51a9-96a1-645aef1ee02a
Nerve impulses travel in myelinated nerves by a process called what?
Domino effect
Saltatory conducation
Relative refractory
Nodes of Ranvier
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
f5b7a500-ece3-5275-a2d4-5897ac1ef1ce
Which portion of the nerve do local anesthetics work on?
Neuron
Dendrites
Nerve membrane
Myelinated sheath
5
C
1
Schwann cells
null
null
null
null
5c24f55b-47c1-55c3-815f-d3341299be2c
What is one important way that local anesthetic drugs differ from all other drugs used in dentistry?
High potential of overdose
Route of administration
Rate of uptake into bloodstream
Action ceased when absorbed into bloodstream
5
D
1
Blood levels must be sufficient to exert effect
null
null
null
null
073a849b-578f-5de0-be4d-2ff235e9f580
When procaine undergoes metabolic breakdown, the major metabolic product (metabolite) is what?
Pseudocholinesterase
Chloroprocaine
PAMA
Succinylcholine
5
E
1
Para-aminobenzoic acid
null
null
null
null
03de0b5d-0408-5e8a-aeff-df1b705da8fd
Biotransformation of amides takes place where?
Liver
Kidneys
Blood plasma
Spleen
5
A
1
Bloodstream
null
null
null
null
74500cbc-edd4-5ccc-b7bd-eea4d3dc6e03
The concentration of epinephrine that is optimal for hemostasis is what?
1:5000
1:50,000
1:150,000
1:100,000
5
B
1
1:200,000
null
null
null
null
399ce52a-316a-5175-b3f9-702da1853f8b
All of the following are reasons to include a vasoconstrictor, EXCEPT one.  Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Lower blood flow to injection site
Increase anesthetic blood levels
Increase duration of local anesthetic
Lower anesthetic toxicity
5
B
1
Improve field of vision for treatment
null
null
null
null
2853400a-5e15-5998-8ca4-f3e0c3ac1941
When it is necessary to administer more than one anesthetic drug, a safe total dose should be determined by not exceeding what?
The lower of the two maximum doses for the individual agents
The maximum dose of each drug being administered
25% of the maximum dose of each drug being administered
35% of the maximum dose of each drug being administered
5
A
1
Dental work being done in many more than on quadrant
null
null
null
null
fbe25aed-0266-5649-afb0-7a021ed9afed
One of the many proprietary names for lidocaine is what?
Xylocaine HCL
3% Polocaine
Sandonest HCL
Mepivicaine
5
A
1
Candicaine HCL
null
null
null
null
74dec2c7-429f-5136-a620-dae66e2e03ef
A healthy patient weighing 155 lbs has been given 2 cartridges of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000.  How many MORE cartridges of 3% Arestocaine can they have?
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
5
B
2
None
null
null
null
null
c20f1873-7d1f-51dd-ac2b-9c2042d39d0b
All of the following are ways of caring for a syringe EXCEPT one.  Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Place in an ultrasonic bath
Dismantle and lubricate every 5 uses
Sharpen or replace harpoon as needed
Rinse syringe of saliva and foreign matter
5
E
1
Clean with an ultrasonic instrument
null
null
null
null
580b967c-eba7-5eb9-9b10-03cea6f35536
In the dental office, the MOST important consideration when selecting a syringe-type is the ability of the syringe to:
Deliver anesthetic solution to a patient
Aspirate
Accept a 30 guage needle
Not frighten patients
5
B
1
Be cost effective
null
null
null
null
462729fd-0b69-5b49-b0f9-1af179b990c5
In local anesthetic dissociation, tissues with a low pH would have what effect on base (RN) and cations (RNH+) in the solution?
A lower protion of RN and a higher portion of RNH+
A loswer protion of RNH+ and a higher portion of RN
Rapid onset of local anesthetic
Increase duration of local anesthetic
5
A
1
Decrease potency of local anesthetic
null
null
null
null
6b881f2a-7f9e-5bb5-9731-c35f0583da8f
After properly loading the cartridge into the syringe, a few drops of local anesthetic should be expelled. Why?
The ensure proper placement of the harpoon
To ensure free flow of the solution
The ensure the correct anesthetic has been used
To ensure the needle has not been barbed
5
B
1
To ensure the ability to aspirate
null
null
null
null
fec26951-3d42-54ed-aca6-94cc113a4ba4
The major factor influencing the ability to aspirate is what?
Gauge of the needle
Size of clinician's hands
Site of injection
Size of thumb ring
5
A
1
Harpoon being sterile
null
null
null
null
c7c25b45-fee0-5991-8600-f99f8f528178
All of the following methods will REDUCE the chance of needle breakage, EXCEPT one - which one is the exception?
Establishing a firm hand rest
Using a larger gauge needle
Burying the needle to the hub
Minimizing the need for redirection in tissue
5
C
2
Not beding the needle excessively
null
null
null
null
7f873bb2-97de-58c2-be93-8a745199ae4a
The antioxidant used to preserve epinephrine in a local anesthetic solution is:
Sodium bisulfate
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium chloride
Sodium pentathol
5
A
1
Sodium hydrochloride
null
null
null
null
a7fc1256-da39-5ef4-a656-f32e98535d0e
A small bubble of approximately 1 to 2 mm diameter will frequently be found in the local anesthetic cartridge. These bubbles are caused by?
The anesthetic solution being frozen
The cartridge was stored in a chemical disinfectant
Nitrogen gas being pumped in during manufacturing
Oxygen being trapped in the cartridge
5
C
1
Shaking the cartridge vigorously
null
null
null
null
df516ab4-bbc9-5164-8531-d1152c203680
Distilled water is added to the cartridge for what purpose?
To make the solution isotonic with the tissues of the body
To increase the safely and the duration of the anesthetic
To prevent the biodegradation of the vasopressor
To provide the volume of the solution
5
D
1
To prevent the propagation of nerve impulses
null
null
null
null
9ca13342-9b7b-5670-8f17-67b1e35bbe88
Topical antiseptic does which of the following?
Numbs 2-3 mm of tissue prior to injection
Makes patient more comfortable during initial penetration
Lessens the chance of inflammation or infection
Allows the clinician to practice their site of penetration
5
C
1
Reduces the risk of a local anesthetic overdose
null
null
null
null
b7ae8d87-12c3-51e1-93ba-b0bae7d68ab1
What is the MOST important reason hemostats/cotton roll pliers are part of the armamentarium?
They are used to remove the Dentipatch
They are used to place a cotton roll on the needle
They are used for the retrieval of a broken needle
They are used to place the plastic cap on the needle
5
C
1
They are used to unscrew the needle from the syringe
null
null
null
null
b14bae2f-9342-5196-96d6-75dded0d3b3b
At what time are professionals MOST at risk for a needle stick?
Disassembly of syringe
Recapping
Assembling the syringe
Giving the injection
5
B
1
Unsheathing the needle
null
null
null
null
3ffdd2a2-0ed3-542d-8d3d-4e1441d899a6
All of the following are acceptable ways of recapping a needle EXCEPT:
Carefully directing the cap over needle with fingers
Utilizing "card" or other holding device
Performing the one handed scoop technique
Implementing cotton roll pliers or a hemostat
5
A
1
Securing cap with fingers on vertical syringe
null
null
null
null
b8e774aa-0895-5461-a3a2-596e6fca4b5d
Stacey, an 18-year-old soccer player, arrives for the extraction of teeth #4, 12, 20, and 28.  She is given 5 cartridges of 4% Articaine with epi 1:100,000.  Her mother calls 3 hours following the appointment stating that Stacey appears cyanotic and sluggish. Her nail beds look dark blue and the blood in the extraction...
Aytpical plasma cholinesterase
Methemoglobinemia
Malignant hyperthermia
Local anesthetic overdose
5
B
2
Local anesthetic allergy
null
null
null
null
1d716087-03c3-5280-8a03-cd4aa95af3c9
A patient with epilepsy is scheduled for root planing and scaling with local anesthetic today. What should the dental hygienist know about this condition?
Epilepsy is a realtive contraindication to ester type anesthtetics
In low doses local anesthetic is an anti-convulsant
The patient should be pre-medicated prior to treatment
Epilepsy is an absolute contraindication to amide type anesthetics
5
B
1
Oxygen should be available to deliver in an emergency
null
null
null
null
65dd5019-1ee4-5d0e-9fd9-30839a441bf2
Which of the following anesthetic agents is a potent intravenous analgesic with minimal cardiovascular effects but can cause chest wall rigidity?
Propofol
Ketamine
Fentanyl
Midazolam
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
7e761ef1-3189-5445-9b2c-4822f9ae8eb9
Define Pharmacodynamics.
The time necessary for plasma drug concentration to fall by 50% or other % after a continuous infusion or specific duration.
Is the relationship between the dose of the drug given and its observed plasma concentration and/or tissue concentration
What the body does to the drug
Describes the relationship between the drug concentration and the response.
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
76eb9b68-e748-5dee-b3d1-7fc15cacd601
PK and PD can vary between patients.  Which of the following would be a reason for variation?
AGE
Concominant Medications
Concurrent Illness
All of the Above
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
b75f65fa-b22d-580a-8d08-02b4e978376d
What is assumed if the oral dose of a drug is the same as the IV dose of the same drug?
The drug is liquid in oral form.
The drug is bound to protein.
There is little first dose metabolism
The patient has a big mouth
4
C
2
null
null
null
null
null
fe1cf33e-b52d-5b16-8306-b8a00bf19270
The transfer of drug across a membrane is based on what?
Molecular size
Degree of ionization
Lipid solublity
Protein binding
5
E
1
All of the above
null
null
null
null
c228e1fe-b2cb-5dd0-a5d2-6a356a5dbab6
What is the pKa of a drug?
An estimate of the osmotic gradient of the drug
Is the ph at which ionized vs nonionized form of the drug are the same.
The kick after a touchdown worth one point.
The amount of drug bound to protein.
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
de9d4eab-fe85-5bfd-8fac-ce81138144ab
Define pH.
An estimate of the osmotic gradient of the drug
The natural log [H+]
The negative log [H+].
A new application for the Iphone
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
fe70d657-e746-5396-850d-bed72642d868
Which anesthetic agent has analgesic effects?
Desflurane
Sevoflurane
Isoflurane
Nitrous oxide
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
02af059f-3f41-55ed-a7da-77bde29e8f7c
What was the main problem with early anesthetic agents?
Early agents needed CO2 to vaporize
They caused coronay steal
Early agents were toxic
All of the above
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
917294bb-4f47-59a3-bbdf-91b6255635d9
When is a basic drug ionized.
When it is eliminated by the body.
When the pH is less than the pKa
When the pH is more than the pKa
When the pH is equal to the pKa
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
04502ff0-1950-5be4-964f-27ae4f06d907
What helped decreased flammability of the anesthetic agents
Elimintating the use of oxygen in the ventilator
Combining carbon with fluorine
The use of industrial gas cylinders
The use of the positive pressure scavenging system
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
52ba718d-3367-5a57-8014-8339812efdca
Which drug has the tendency to potentiate cardiac arrythmias when halothane is used?
Lidocaine
Atropine
Epinepherine
Adenosine
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
5fce192e-1316-5423-b3ae-df97a6830846
Which inhaled agent can cause renal failure?
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Desflurane
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
5653f786-74d9-54a0-aabc-b97dafc6d0b2
The less soluble the agent....
The slower the patient falls to sleep
The more nephrotoxic the drug is
The faster the drug goes to the brian
The slower the drug goes to the brain
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
00cfd55d-6017-5b60-af8d-ff03d5323fce
Why do babies and infants require more anesthetic agent?
They have large heads compared to their chest
Because they have less surface area than adults
They have higher metabolic rates
They don't, they require less
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
3f0f80d5-8a44-523b-81d8-1e3a157a4381
Which patient will require the least anesthetic
A chronic alcoholic
A heavily intoxicated high school student
An infant
An chronic heroin user
4
B
2
null
null
null
null
null
e308f3c7-5a6a-5bc3-a01c-b179b66926f0
Why is isoflurane not the best choice for inhalation induction in children
Agent is too powerful for a child
Agent has pungent odor
Isoflurane is the best choice for inhalation induction
It requires higher peak pressures to deliver the agent to the patient
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
656913b2-32da-558a-b1a7-d581bddf46af
Which agent is least likely to form carbon monxide when introduced to co2 absorbers?
N20
Halothan
Sevoflurane
Desflurane
4
C
1
null
null
null
null
null
75b724ca-407a-5464-b003-ba3aafb800ed
What is the blood-gas solubility coefficient an indicator of?
Which fluid compartment the anesthetic will occupy
Speed of uptake and elimination
If the anesthetic is a gas or liquid at room temperature
The relative toxicity of the drug
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
4583e888-83a3-5234-bc0d-4e8d1f5c5122
What does the Oil-gas coefficient represent?
The lower the coefficient the more potent the gas
The higer the coefficient the more potent the gas
The proper placement of a hanger yoke
The acceptable trace levels of oils in the vaporizers
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
101e2a8c-fd2f-53bc-a3d1-a42e7f561143
Define general anesthesia.
An altered physiologic state characterized by loss of consciousness analgesia of the entire body, amnesia, and to some degree muscle relaxation
When 50 percent of the population between 33 and 55 years old has complete muscle relaxation
When a patient is able to respond to commands during anesthesia however is able to make their own adjustments in regards to airway management
Minimum alveolar concentration
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
f412cfb4-48bc-5417-8859-4135f400f5e4
Factors that influence the magnitude of carbon monoxide production from volatile anesthetics include:
Dryness of the carbon dioxide absorbent with hydration preventing formation
High temperatures of carbon dioxide absorbent as during low fresh gas flows and/or increased metabolic production of carbon dioxide.
Prolonged high fresh gas flows that cause dryness.
Type of carbon dioxide absorbent.
5
E
1
All of the above
null
null
null
null
ad080796-4548-5bfb-aacb-acc94087a2e1
What is Monday morning phenomena.
When Co2 absorbers have been left out of the anesthesia machine
When CO2 absorbers have been exhausted over the weekend from lack of use and are no longer effective
The phenomena of more accidents occuring on Mondays in the OR
The phenomena of Miami Dolphins fans questioning the effectiveness of the "wildcat" offense
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
202e0a65-d39d-5d2d-bb73-5b7a32c4c184
Which inhaled agent causes the largest increase in heart rate
Desflurane
Isoflurane
N2O
Halothane
4
B
1
null
null
null
null
null
a6481447-4216-5f97-b7d9-d91f7a2c46ee
Which inhalation agent has the least amount of effects on BP?
N2O
Isoflurane
Desflurane
Sevoflurane
4
D
1
null
null
null
null
null
feaaa9dc-3b99-51b5-8528-9496bd3ef75c
Which agent's use has the highest incident of coronary steal?
Isoflurane
N2O
Desflurane
Sevoflurane
4
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
52775ee5-c806-5353-9e8f-ec3ec0d08665
Which inhaled agent would be best for a patient with an ischemic CVA
Sevoflurane
Desflurane
Isoflurane
N2O
4
C
2
null
null
null
null
null
60b7d47e-75f9-5248-9023-339b8239ab29
What is the meyer-overton theory?
Explains the increasing oil-gas partition pressure coefficient that is correlated with anesthetic potency
Explains the increasing blood-gas partition pressure coefficient that is correlated with anesthetic potency
null
null
2
A
1
null
null
null
null
null
c7e4cdc1-90a2-533c-82ee-02a415ba15b9
Which of the following agents does not have any muscle relaxing properties?
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane
N2O
Desflurane
5
C
1
Halothane
null
null
null
null