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96b467fc-38df-52d7-90b7-96135a3c228f | An epidural test dose is used to determine which of the following? | The epidural catheter is not intravascular or intrathecal | That the epidural is in the lumbar region | The epidural isn't one-sided | That the epidural will function for surgical anesthesia | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
6407ee8a-c3ed-58b8-a3ee-39357c858444 | A normal ICP is typically: | 20-40 mm Hg | 50-70 mm Hg | 100-140 mm Hg | 5-15 mm Hg | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
81ab6fed-e97a-53b5-bad3-7d63b2f35e40 | An ICU patient has been on propofol, dexmedetomidine, and LR's infusions for the past 3 days. He develops a severe, unexplained metabolic acidosis. What is a potential cause of this condition? | Oxygen toxicity from being on FiO2 > 0.60 | Decmedetomidine infusion syndrom (DIS) | Propofol-related infusion syndrome (PRIS) | Sodium toxicity from the LR's | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
4da61bb6-e647-5041-ac18-7030db1ee8e9 | What is the trade name for remifentanil? | Sublimaze | Remizist | Remazicon | Ultiva | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
78fce303-f800-51e2-866e-26f2a39f96af | An 82-year-old female patient has a past medical history that includes aortic stenosis. Her anesthetic strategy includes which of the following: | Low HR | Maintain a very low BP | Only use Ketamine | High HR | 4 | A | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
25a93924-1608-56f7-adcd-9e63e0aa011e | A patient is emergently brought from the ICU to the OR for sepsis and dead bowel. The patient is hypotensive and on a norepinephrine infusion. The ABG is: pH 7.02 / PCO2 36 / PO2 108 / HCO3 12. Which medication might be considered to help with the BP in this context? | Phenylephrine | Intralipid | Vasopressin | Dobutamine | 4 | C | 3 | null | null | null | null | null |
20a02ee6-987c-5009-ac6b-2b5f45aef1c3 | A patient is to undergo a thyroidectomy due to thyroid cancer. The surgeon requests a special type of endotracheal tube for nerve monitoring during the procedure. Which nerve is monitored due to concerns about injury during thyroid surgeries? | Lateral pharyngeal nerve | Long thoracic nerve | Glossopharyngeal nerve | Recurrent laryngeal nerve | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
5d53c78e-469c-5c1a-a656-1e0aad5f081c | A patient is in the recovery room after having a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Suddenly he develops a narrow-complex tachyarrhythmia with an HR of 180. BP is 60/40. What is the appropriate treatment? | Magnesium | Diltiazem | Synchronized cardioversion | Esmolol | 4 | C | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
d4124be8-5267-5229-9830-61d75ae88420 | Which IV fluid is considered physiologically hypotonic? | 3% sodium chloride | Normal Saline (0.9% sodium chloride) | Plasma-Lyte | Lactated Ringer's | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
f35cb49b-97bf-557f-b0f9-3c4e09090aba | Lactated Ringer's, although compatible with PRBC administration under certain circumstances, is often avoided when transfusing PRBC's because: | The red blood cells in the PRBC's shrink because LR is hypertonic | It results in hyperkalemia | The lactate in LR builds up because of the PRBC's | The calcium in the LR can antagonize the citrate anticoagulant in the PRBC's and potentially result in clotting | 4 | D | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
0f0d80e4-c073-5b21-b0d9-6c4d83afaed8 | Which type of blood product has the highest risk of bacterial contamination? | Cryoprecipitate | PRBC's | FFP | Platelets | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
9b0d74c0-255e-5573-91a4-763da7fd31c6 | The MAC of a volatile anesthetic is defined as: | The alveolar concentration where 95% of patients don't move to surgical stimulation | The minimum concentration the vaporizer can be set to | The alveolar concentration where 50% of patients don't move to surgical stimulation | The point at which toxicity develops | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
d0b5c1c5-e7e3-5fbb-97a6-c7527e80f46e | According to Bernoulli's Principle, a fast-flowing fluid has _________ pressure compared to a slower-flowing fluid. | Can be either higher or lower | Lower | The same | Higher | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
d75da3ee-fe5a-537b-9a11-dffcb0136ed9 | OR's have isolated electrical supplies due to: | Isolation capacitors | Double circuit breakers | Faraday cage | Isolation transformers | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
b065a392-eb84-519a-9f0a-384b76c232d2 | A patient has high acute blood loss in the OR and receives 7 PRBC's. What electrolyte abnormalities might be expected as a result of the multiple PRBC transfusions? | Low potassium and high calcium | High potassium and high calcium | High potassium and low calcium | Low potassium and low calcium | 4 | C | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
cc7d3af7-6aed-52f8-b931-f8fb8780b900 | The clinical indication for administration of FFP is: | Reduced platelet function due to renal failure | Need for increased oxygen-carrying capacity | High plasma osmolarity | Treatment of coagulopathy/administration of clotting factors | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
3dd0d48a-84db-5b93-b2ab-bd0c604fe794 | The high pressure system in an anesthesia machine consists of: | The APL valve | The flowmeters | The wall gas connectors | The tanks mounted to the back of the anesthesia machine | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
650a4436-4ec5-5a83-bfb3-b83477540bc9 | EKG lead II uses which electrodes? | Left Arm (LA) and Left Leg (LL) | Left Arm (LA) and Right Arm (RA) | Left Arm (LA) and Right Leg (RL) | Right Arm (RA) and Left Leg (LL) | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
c04714de-c46b-5eac-b350-e3f4ce308658 | A patient is going to have a large spine surgery with both MEP and SSEP monitoring. What is true about an appropriate anesthetic for this case? | TIVA with an infusion of neuromuscular blocker to maintain about 2/4 twitches is a good choice of anesthetic | Ketamine is contraindicated | High-dose volatile anesthetic will improve the signals | Avoidance of any NMBD's | 4 | A | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
a5db76d6-64e6-59bb-b179-95006e2157cf | All of the following are risk factors for carbon monoxide formation in the anesthesia breathing system EXCEPT: | Moist absorbent | Low fresh gas flowrates | The use of desflurane (vs sevoflurane) | Non-use of the absorber for 2 or more days | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
9bfe383f-1134-56fd-8e72-d67506415086 | The line isolation monitor outside of an OR shows a leakage current of 8 mA. This most likely indicates: | There is no problem; this is a normal leakage current for an OR | An automatic oxygen turnoff valve will stop the flow of oxygen to that room | There is likely a device with a wiring fault | If 100% of this leakage current was directed through the patient's packing wires, it would be below the threshold of injury for microshock and therefore harmless | 4 | C | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
b9af78ef-a266-581b-b76f-c4c95ef43d09 | What is the trade name for fentanyl? | Sublimaze | Sufenta | Versed | Norcuron | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
e074b60e-8139-541e-9c69-6e8534432155 | All of the following are requirements for an OR fire EXCEPT: | A source of ignition (electrocautery, lasers, etc...) | Oxygen | Line isolation monitor failure | Fuel (such as surgical drapes, etc...) | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
fe5652f7-d0a0-5b4a-81af-e89e405223c4 | Which is correct regarding proper patient arm positioning to reduce the risk of a nerve injury? | The arms should be extended at least 90 degrees | There can never be any straps holding the arm to the armboard | The area under the elbow should be padded | The palm should be facing downward | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
e3c75038-5340-5af8-9d7a-e9b72fd25eb9 | A patient with a known pseudocholinesterase deficiency comes to the OR for elective surgery. Which medication's effects would be expected to be significantly prolonged in this patient? | Remifentanil | Midazolam | Cisatracurium | Succinylcholine | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
4c977b27-e6b5-5dd4-92da-e95ac9cfc91d | Which medication is a pure alpha-1 agonist? | Phenylephrine | Dopamine | Norepinephrine | Ephedrine | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
c403e2e3-4973-5052-9888-0ce111c526f6 | What is the trade name for cefazolin? | Unasyn | Moxasyn | Zosyn | Ancef | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
6b95b47a-c74e-5cbe-bb2f-70e9812aa940 | Which of the following patients in most at risk for microshock? | A patient with a central line | A patient with a BIS monitor attached | A patient on the Wilson Frame | Intraoperative radiation therapy | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
b890a3b8-036a-50f1-bef2-34938bbc5bad | Which of the following medical gasses is matched incorrectly with the standard color of its holding canister? | Air : Yellow | Oxygen : Green | Carbon Dioxide : Orange | Nitrous Oxide : Blue | 5 | C | 1 | Nitrogen : Black | null | null | null | null |
6656b43a-ef07-51ff-b04d-570a149e7a7d | Which of the following explains the monitor reading seen here? | Incompetent inspiratory valve | Incompetent expiratory valve | Incompetent pop off valve | Breathing circuit air leak | 8 | F | 3 | Exhausted CO2 absorbent | More than one of the above | More than two of the above | None of the above | null |
4d5db762-f64f-5df4-8e54-eff5f3191ff6 | An incompetent pressure relief valve will result in which of the following? | Hypoxia | Barotrauma | Hypoventilation | Hyperventilation | 5 | C | 2 | A low-circuit pressure signal | null | null | null | null |
54d70b8e-825a-56cf-b4e4-bf848d85253b | Which of the following values (in PSI) corresponds with the pressure inside a standard Oxygen canister at 100%, 50%, and 25% volume respectively? | 4000, 4000, 4000 | 4000, 2000, 1000 | 2200, 2200, 2200 | 2200, 1100, 550 | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
a0b63624-47d3-5cac-b9bd-99ea00242064 | According to the ASA 2008 Recommendations, which of the following machine checks should be completed before each case? | Test scavenging system function | Verify that there are no leaks in the gas supply lines between the flowmeters and the common gas outlet | Verify that patient suction is adequate to clear the airway | Calibrate the oxygen monitor and check the low oxygen alarm | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
9f6bdacd-1b20-5ecd-b3cc-920d44223d83 | Which of the following values (in PSI) corresponds with the pressure inside a standard nitrous oxide canister at 100%, 50%, and 25% volume respectively? | 2200, 2200, 2200 | 2200, 1100, 550 | 745, 745, 745 | 745, 373, 187 | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
96c5545f-cb00-5505-9602-04cc8b6aee67 | The presence of a bubble in the tubing between the transducer and catheter of an arterial line is which of the following: | Not significant | Leads to an artificially high reading | Leads to a damping of the tracing | Has the greatest effect on the mean blood pressure | 5 | C | 1 | Has a greater effect on the mean blood pressure | null | null | null | null |
eb6f9cf6-0436-57a1-9bed-956cf1b1b49a | The device on anesthesia machines that most reliably detects delivery of hypoxic gas mixtures is which of the following? | Fail-safe valve | O2 analyzer | Gas rotamers | Disconnection alarm | 5 | B | 1 | Diameter index safety system | null | null | null | null |
a230617d-93ec-55f5-a4ff-90f8eaaa2778 | As the surgeon is closing from a laparotomy for small bowel obstruction, the hospital central oxygen line stops working, and the size E oxygen cylinder comes on automatically. The pressure gauge says 550 psi. If the patient requires 4L by nasal cannula, how long will the canister last? | 36 minutes | 42 minutes | 58 minutes | 67 minutes | 5 | B | 2 | > 75 minutes | null | null | null | null |
31b56f82-2211-58d5-a858-89e8e3eb5fe3 | A 26 yo F with no PMHx is getting a rhinoplasty. As the surgeon is using the bovie, flames start shooting out of the ET tube. Which of the following is the best next step? | Disconnect the ET tube | Extubate the patient | Cover the area with water | Use the fire extinguisher | 4 | A | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
09d6773f-7f9a-5bed-941a-ff49a3086bf6 | What is the end product of the reaction of soda-lime with CO2? | CaCO3 + H2O | NaHCO3 + H2O | NaCO3 + H2O | None of the above | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
23f77be9-9bb0-57aa-935f-d954effdbbe0 | The most frequent cause of mechanical failure to deliver adequate FiO2 is which of the following? | Attachment of the wrong compression gas cylinder to the O2 yoke | Crossing the pipelines during daily set-up | Malfunctioning rotamer | Fresh gas line disconnection from the machine to the hospital supply | 5 | E | 1 | Disconnection of the O2 supply system from the patient | null | null | null | null |
2893d11e-0cb6-5d81-a137-84f5f5e3706a | Which of the following breathing systems is most efficient for a patient with controlled ventilation? | Mapleson A | Mapleson B | Mapleson C | Mapleson D | 6 | D | 1 | Mapleson E | Bain Modification | null | null | null |
3cfbf8b3-52ad-58ac-a75f-01d572804446 | A radial arterial line is zeroed with the transducer level to a position 12 cm posterior to the patient's sternal border. While positioning the patient, the arm with the arterial line is elevated, and the catheter rests 10 cm above the transducer. The blood pressure currently is measured as 130 / 72. Which of the fo... | 118 / 60 | 130 / 72 | 142 / 84 | 142 / 72 | 5 | A | 2 | 130 / 84 | null | null | null | null |
5a8ae324-bd8f-5400-9d2f-fd125cce89c0 | Which of the following breathing systems is most efficient for a patient with spontaneous ventilation? | Mapleson A | Mapleson B | Mapleson C | Mapleson D | 6 | A | 1 | Mapleson E | Bain Circuit | null | null | null |
ad135d32-5a52-545e-b365-e2f825917e92 | A healthy 25 yo M is in sitting position for an open craniotomy under general anesthesia when his ETCO2 and HR suddenly drop significantly. Rank the following from most sensitive to least in diagnosing this patient's most likely problem:
1. Increased HR
2. Decreased CVP
3. Transesophageal Echo
4. Pre-cordial dopp... | 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 | 4, 3, 5, 2, 1 | 4, 3, 5, 2, 1 | 3, 4, 5, 2, 1 | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
2dcafa72-9c85-56ab-85b0-e77f17dbdc2f | A patient in Denver is going to have an exploratory laparotomy with sevoflurane. When compared to a patient at sea level with the same setting on the vaporizer, what are the changes in the percentage of sevoflurane delivered as well as the sevoflurane partial pressure in the gas mixture? | None of the above | Percent sevoflurane delivered will increase, partial pressure of sevoflurane will also increase | Percent sevoflurane delivered will increase, partial pressure of sevoflurane will remain the same | Percent sevoflurane delivered will remain the same, partial pressure of sevoflurane will also remain the same | 5 | C | 2 | Percent sevoflurane delivered will decrease, and partial pressure of sevoflurane will also decrease | null | null | null | null |
81de2840-892f-5e21-8d33-2596ba430eb9 | Which of the following will increase the damping of an arterial line? | Air bubbles between the catheter and transducer | A kink in the tubing between the catheter and the transducer | A blood clot within the catheter | Using soft tubing | 5 | E | 1 | All of the above | null | null | null | null |
644fb857-8a79-51a9-96a1-645aef1ee02a | Nerve impulses travel in myelinated nerves by a process called what? | Domino effect | Saltatory conducation | Relative refractory | Nodes of Ranvier | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
f5b7a500-ece3-5275-a2d4-5897ac1ef1ce | Which portion of the nerve do local anesthetics work on? | Neuron | Dendrites | Nerve membrane | Myelinated sheath | 5 | C | 1 | Schwann cells | null | null | null | null |
5c24f55b-47c1-55c3-815f-d3341299be2c | What is one important way that local anesthetic drugs differ from all other drugs used in dentistry? | High potential of overdose | Route of administration | Rate of uptake into bloodstream | Action ceased when absorbed into bloodstream | 5 | D | 1 | Blood levels must be sufficient to exert effect | null | null | null | null |
073a849b-578f-5de0-be4d-2ff235e9f580 | When procaine undergoes metabolic breakdown, the major metabolic product (metabolite) is what? | Pseudocholinesterase | Chloroprocaine | PAMA | Succinylcholine | 5 | E | 1 | Para-aminobenzoic acid | null | null | null | null |
03de0b5d-0408-5e8a-aeff-df1b705da8fd | Biotransformation of amides takes place where? | Liver | Kidneys | Blood plasma | Spleen | 5 | A | 1 | Bloodstream | null | null | null | null |
74500cbc-edd4-5ccc-b7bd-eea4d3dc6e03 | The concentration of epinephrine that is optimal for hemostasis is what? | 1:5000 | 1:50,000 | 1:150,000 | 1:100,000 | 5 | B | 1 | 1:200,000 | null | null | null | null |
399ce52a-316a-5175-b3f9-702da1853f8b | All of the following are reasons to include a vasoconstrictor, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? | Lower blood flow to injection site | Increase anesthetic blood levels | Increase duration of local anesthetic | Lower anesthetic toxicity | 5 | B | 1 | Improve field of vision for treatment | null | null | null | null |
2853400a-5e15-5998-8ca4-f3e0c3ac1941 | When it is necessary to administer more than one anesthetic drug, a safe total dose should be determined by not exceeding what? | The lower of the two maximum doses for the individual agents | The maximum dose of each drug being administered | 25% of the maximum dose of each drug being administered | 35% of the maximum dose of each drug being administered | 5 | A | 1 | Dental work being done in many more than on quadrant | null | null | null | null |
fbe25aed-0266-5649-afb0-7a021ed9afed | One of the many proprietary names for lidocaine is what? | Xylocaine HCL | 3% Polocaine | Sandonest HCL | Mepivicaine | 5 | A | 1 | Candicaine HCL | null | null | null | null |
74dec2c7-429f-5136-a620-dae66e2e03ef | A healthy patient weighing 155 lbs has been given 2 cartridges of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000. How many MORE cartridges of 3% Arestocaine can they have? | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 5 | B | 2 | None | null | null | null | null |
c20f1873-7d1f-51dd-ac2b-9c2042d39d0b | All of the following are ways of caring for a syringe EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? | Place in an ultrasonic bath | Dismantle and lubricate every 5 uses | Sharpen or replace harpoon as needed | Rinse syringe of saliva and foreign matter | 5 | E | 1 | Clean with an ultrasonic instrument | null | null | null | null |
580b967c-eba7-5eb9-9b10-03cea6f35536 | In the dental office, the MOST important consideration when selecting a syringe-type is the ability of the syringe to: | Deliver anesthetic solution to a patient | Aspirate | Accept a 30 guage needle | Not frighten patients | 5 | B | 1 | Be cost effective | null | null | null | null |
462729fd-0b69-5b49-b0f9-1af179b990c5 | In local anesthetic dissociation, tissues with a low pH would have what effect on base (RN) and cations (RNH+) in the solution? | A lower protion of RN and a higher portion of RNH+ | A loswer protion of RNH+ and a higher portion of RN | Rapid onset of local anesthetic | Increase duration of local anesthetic | 5 | A | 1 | Decrease potency of local anesthetic | null | null | null | null |
6b881f2a-7f9e-5bb5-9731-c35f0583da8f | After properly loading the cartridge into the syringe, a few drops of local anesthetic should be expelled. Why? | The ensure proper placement of the harpoon | To ensure free flow of the solution | The ensure the correct anesthetic has been used | To ensure the needle has not been barbed | 5 | B | 1 | To ensure the ability to aspirate | null | null | null | null |
fec26951-3d42-54ed-aca6-94cc113a4ba4 | The major factor influencing the ability to aspirate is what? | Gauge of the needle | Size of clinician's hands | Site of injection | Size of thumb ring | 5 | A | 1 | Harpoon being sterile | null | null | null | null |
c7c25b45-fee0-5991-8600-f99f8f528178 | All of the following methods will REDUCE the chance of needle breakage, EXCEPT one - which one is the exception? | Establishing a firm hand rest | Using a larger gauge needle | Burying the needle to the hub | Minimizing the need for redirection in tissue | 5 | C | 2 | Not beding the needle excessively | null | null | null | null |
7f873bb2-97de-58c2-be93-8a745199ae4a | The antioxidant used to preserve epinephrine in a local anesthetic solution is: | Sodium bisulfate | Sodium bicarbonate | Sodium chloride | Sodium pentathol | 5 | A | 1 | Sodium hydrochloride | null | null | null | null |
a7fc1256-da39-5ef4-a656-f32e98535d0e | A small bubble of approximately 1 to 2 mm diameter will frequently be found in the local anesthetic cartridge. These bubbles are caused by? | The anesthetic solution being frozen | The cartridge was stored in a chemical disinfectant | Nitrogen gas being pumped in during manufacturing | Oxygen being trapped in the cartridge | 5 | C | 1 | Shaking the cartridge vigorously | null | null | null | null |
df516ab4-bbc9-5164-8531-d1152c203680 | Distilled water is added to the cartridge for what purpose? | To make the solution isotonic with the tissues of the body | To increase the safely and the duration of the anesthetic | To prevent the biodegradation of the vasopressor | To provide the volume of the solution | 5 | D | 1 | To prevent the propagation of nerve impulses | null | null | null | null |
9ca13342-9b7b-5670-8f17-67b1e35bbe88 | Topical antiseptic does which of the following? | Numbs 2-3 mm of tissue prior to injection | Makes patient more comfortable during initial penetration | Lessens the chance of inflammation or infection | Allows the clinician to practice their site of penetration | 5 | C | 1 | Reduces the risk of a local anesthetic overdose | null | null | null | null |
b7ae8d87-12c3-51e1-93ba-b0bae7d68ab1 | What is the MOST important reason hemostats/cotton roll pliers are part of the armamentarium? | They are used to remove the Dentipatch | They are used to place a cotton roll on the needle | They are used for the retrieval of a broken needle | They are used to place the plastic cap on the needle | 5 | C | 1 | They are used to unscrew the needle from the syringe | null | null | null | null |
b14bae2f-9342-5196-96d6-75dded0d3b3b | At what time are professionals MOST at risk for a needle stick? | Disassembly of syringe | Recapping | Assembling the syringe | Giving the injection | 5 | B | 1 | Unsheathing the needle | null | null | null | null |
3ffdd2a2-0ed3-542d-8d3d-4e1441d899a6 | All of the following are acceptable ways of recapping a needle EXCEPT: | Carefully directing the cap over needle with fingers | Utilizing "card" or other holding device | Performing the one handed scoop technique | Implementing cotton roll pliers or a hemostat | 5 | A | 1 | Securing cap with fingers on vertical syringe | null | null | null | null |
b8e774aa-0895-5461-a3a2-596e6fca4b5d | Stacey, an 18-year-old soccer player, arrives for the extraction of teeth #4, 12, 20, and 28. She is given 5 cartridges of 4% Articaine with epi 1:100,000. Her mother calls 3 hours following the appointment stating that Stacey appears cyanotic and sluggish. Her nail beds look dark blue and the blood in the extraction... | Aytpical plasma cholinesterase | Methemoglobinemia | Malignant hyperthermia | Local anesthetic overdose | 5 | B | 2 | Local anesthetic allergy | null | null | null | null |
1d716087-03c3-5280-8a03-cd4aa95af3c9 | A patient with epilepsy is scheduled for root planing and scaling with local anesthetic today. What should the dental hygienist know about this condition? | Epilepsy is a realtive contraindication to ester type anesthtetics | In low doses local anesthetic is an anti-convulsant | The patient should be pre-medicated prior to treatment | Epilepsy is an absolute contraindication to amide type anesthetics | 5 | B | 1 | Oxygen should be available to deliver in an emergency | null | null | null | null |
65dd5019-1ee4-5d0e-9fd9-30839a441bf2 | Which of the following anesthetic agents is a potent intravenous analgesic with minimal cardiovascular effects but can cause chest wall rigidity? | Propofol | Ketamine | Fentanyl | Midazolam | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
7e761ef1-3189-5445-9b2c-4822f9ae8eb9 | Define Pharmacodynamics. | The time necessary for plasma drug concentration to fall by 50% or other % after a continuous infusion or specific duration. | Is the relationship between the dose of the drug given and its observed plasma concentration and/or tissue concentration | What the body does to the drug | Describes the relationship between the drug concentration and the response. | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
76eb9b68-e748-5dee-b3d1-7fc15cacd601 | PK and PD can vary between patients. Which of the following would be a reason for variation? | AGE | Concominant Medications | Concurrent Illness | All of the Above | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
b75f65fa-b22d-580a-8d08-02b4e978376d | What is assumed if the oral dose of a drug is the same as the IV dose of the same drug? | The drug is liquid in oral form. | The drug is bound to protein. | There is little first dose metabolism | The patient has a big mouth | 4 | C | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
fe1cf33e-b52d-5b16-8306-b8a00bf19270 | The transfer of drug across a membrane is based on what? | Molecular size | Degree of ionization | Lipid solublity | Protein binding | 5 | E | 1 | All of the above | null | null | null | null |
c228e1fe-b2cb-5dd0-a5d2-6a356a5dbab6 | What is the pKa of a drug? | An estimate of the osmotic gradient of the drug | Is the ph at which ionized vs nonionized form of the drug are the same. | The kick after a touchdown worth one point. | The amount of drug bound to protein. | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
de9d4eab-fe85-5bfd-8fac-ce81138144ab | Define pH. | An estimate of the osmotic gradient of the drug | The natural log [H+] | The negative log [H+]. | A new application for the Iphone | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
fe70d657-e746-5396-850d-bed72642d868 | Which anesthetic agent has analgesic effects? | Desflurane | Sevoflurane | Isoflurane | Nitrous oxide | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
02af059f-3f41-55ed-a7da-77bde29e8f7c | What was the main problem with early anesthetic agents? | Early agents needed CO2 to vaporize | They caused coronay steal | Early agents were toxic | All of the above | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
917294bb-4f47-59a3-bbdf-91b6255635d9 | When is a basic drug ionized. | When it is eliminated by the body. | When the pH is less than the pKa | When the pH is more than the pKa | When the pH is equal to the pKa | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
04502ff0-1950-5be4-964f-27ae4f06d907 | What helped decreased flammability of the anesthetic agents | Elimintating the use of oxygen in the ventilator | Combining carbon with fluorine | The use of industrial gas cylinders | The use of the positive pressure scavenging system | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
52ba718d-3367-5a57-8014-8339812efdca | Which drug has the tendency to potentiate cardiac arrythmias when halothane is used? | Lidocaine | Atropine | Epinepherine | Adenosine | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
5fce192e-1316-5423-b3ae-df97a6830846 | Which inhaled agent can cause renal failure? | Methoxyflurane | Enflurane | Isoflurane | Desflurane | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
5653f786-74d9-54a0-aabc-b97dafc6d0b2 | The less soluble the agent.... | The slower the patient falls to sleep | The more nephrotoxic the drug is | The faster the drug goes to the brian | The slower the drug goes to the brain | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
00cfd55d-6017-5b60-af8d-ff03d5323fce | Why do babies and infants require more anesthetic agent? | They have large heads compared to their chest | Because they have less surface area than adults | They have higher metabolic rates | They don't, they require less | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
3f0f80d5-8a44-523b-81d8-1e3a157a4381 | Which patient will require the least anesthetic | A chronic alcoholic | A heavily intoxicated high school student | An infant | An chronic heroin user | 4 | B | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
e308f3c7-5a6a-5bc3-a01c-b179b66926f0 | Why is isoflurane not the best choice for inhalation induction in children | Agent is too powerful for a child | Agent has pungent odor | Isoflurane is the best choice for inhalation induction | It requires higher peak pressures to deliver the agent to the patient | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
656913b2-32da-558a-b1a7-d581bddf46af | Which agent is least likely to form carbon monxide when introduced to co2 absorbers? | N20 | Halothan | Sevoflurane | Desflurane | 4 | C | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
75b724ca-407a-5464-b003-ba3aafb800ed | What is the blood-gas solubility coefficient an indicator of? | Which fluid compartment the anesthetic will occupy | Speed of uptake and elimination | If the anesthetic is a gas or liquid at room temperature | The relative toxicity of the drug | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
4583e888-83a3-5234-bc0d-4e8d1f5c5122 | What does the Oil-gas coefficient represent? | The lower the coefficient the more potent the gas | The higer the coefficient the more potent the gas | The proper placement of a hanger yoke | The acceptable trace levels of oils in the vaporizers | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
101e2a8c-fd2f-53bc-a3d1-a42e7f561143 | Define general anesthesia. | An altered physiologic state characterized by loss of consciousness analgesia of the entire body, amnesia, and to some degree muscle relaxation | When 50 percent of the population between 33 and 55 years old has complete muscle relaxation | When a patient is able to respond to commands during anesthesia however is able to make their own adjustments in regards to airway management | Minimum alveolar concentration | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
f412cfb4-48bc-5417-8859-4135f400f5e4 | Factors that influence the magnitude of
carbon monoxide production from volatile anesthetics include: | Dryness of the carbon dioxide absorbent with hydration preventing formation | High temperatures of carbon dioxide absorbent as during low fresh gas flows and/or increased metabolic production of carbon dioxide. | Prolonged high fresh gas flows that cause dryness. | Type of carbon dioxide absorbent. | 5 | E | 1 | All of the above | null | null | null | null |
ad080796-4548-5bfb-aacb-acc94087a2e1 | What is Monday morning phenomena. | When Co2 absorbers have been left out of the anesthesia machine | When CO2 absorbers have been exhausted over the weekend from lack of use and are no longer effective | The phenomena of more accidents occuring on Mondays in the OR | The phenomena of Miami Dolphins fans questioning the effectiveness of the "wildcat" offense | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
202e0a65-d39d-5d2d-bb73-5b7a32c4c184 | Which inhaled agent causes the largest increase in heart rate | Desflurane | Isoflurane | N2O | Halothane | 4 | B | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
a6481447-4216-5f97-b7d9-d91f7a2c46ee | Which inhalation agent has the least amount of effects on BP? | N2O | Isoflurane | Desflurane | Sevoflurane | 4 | D | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
feaaa9dc-3b99-51b5-8528-9496bd3ef75c | Which agent's use has the highest incident of coronary steal? | Isoflurane | N2O | Desflurane | Sevoflurane | 4 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
52775ee5-c806-5353-9e8f-ec3ec0d08665 | Which inhaled agent would be best for a patient with an ischemic CVA | Sevoflurane | Desflurane | Isoflurane | N2O | 4 | C | 2 | null | null | null | null | null |
60b7d47e-75f9-5248-9023-339b8239ab29 | What is the meyer-overton theory? | Explains the increasing oil-gas partition pressure coefficient that is correlated with anesthetic potency | Explains the increasing blood-gas partition pressure coefficient that is correlated with anesthetic potency | null | null | 2 | A | 1 | null | null | null | null | null |
c7e4cdc1-90a2-533c-82ee-02a415ba15b9 | Which of the following agents does not have any muscle relaxing properties? | Isoflurane | Sevoflurane | N2O | Desflurane | 5 | C | 1 | Halothane | null | null | null | null |
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