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instruction stringlengths 4 924	prompt stringlengths 144 1.4k	input stringlengths 0 1.16k	output stringlengths 1 10.7k
Who was Alexander Greek Thomson	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who was Alexander Greek Thomson ### Input: Alexander "Greek" Thomson (9 April 1817 – 22 March 1875) was an eminent Scottish architect and architectural theorist who was a pioneer in sustainable building. Although his work was published in the architectural press of his day, it was little appreciated outside Glasgow during his lifetime. It has only been since the 1950s and 1960s that his critical reputation has revived—not least of all in connection with his probable influence on Frank Lloyd Wright.[3] Henry-Russell Hitchcock wrote of Thomson in 1966: "Glasgow in the last 150 years has had two of the greatest architects of the Western world. C. R. Mackintosh was not highly productive but his influence in central Europe was comparable to such American architects as Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. An even greater and happily more productive architect, though one whose influence can only occasionally be traced in America in Milwaukee and in New York City and not at all as far as I know in Europe, was Alexander Thomson".[4] ### Response:	Alexander "Greek" Thomson (9 April 1817 – 22 March 1875) was an eminent Scottish architect and architectural theorist who was a pioneer in sustainable building. Although his work was published in the architectural press of his day, it was little appreciated outside Glasgow during his lifetime. It has only been since the 1950s and 1960s that his critical reputation has revived—not least of all in connection with his probable influence on Frank Lloyd Wright.[3] Henry-Russell Hitchcock wrote of Thomson in 1966: "Glasgow in the last 150 years has had two of the greatest architects of the Western world. C. R. Mackintosh was not highly productive but his influence in central Europe was comparable to such American architects as Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. An even greater and happily more productive architect, though one whose influence can only occasionally be traced in America in Milwaukee and in New York City and not at all as far as I know in Europe, was Alexander Thomson".[4]	Alexander Greek Thomson (9 April 1817 – 22 March 1875) was an eminent Scottish architect and architectural theorist who was a pioneer in sustainable building. Although his work was published in the architectural press of his day, it was little appreciated outside Glasgow during his lifetime. It has only been since the 1950s and 1960s that his critical reputation has revived—not least of all in connection with his probable influence on Frank Lloyd Wright. Henry-Russell Hitchcock wrote of Thomson in 1966: "Glasgow in the last 150 years has had two of the greatest architects of the Western world. C. R. Mackintosh was not highly productive but his influence in central Europe was comparable to such American architects as Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. An even greater and happily more productive architect, though one whose influence can only occasionally be traced in America in Milwaukee and in New York City and not at all as far as I know in Europe, was Alexander Thomson".
Vanessa and Lauren are both 32-year-old women with different levels of exercise experience. Vanessa, who weighs 124 lbs, has lifted weights before but Lauren, who weighs 166 lbs, has never participated in resistance training. Both women participate in initial fitness assessments and want your advice about starting a muscular fitness program at your exercise facility. Choose a different test to measure each woman's upper body muscular strength. Briefly explain the procedures for each assessment. What common errors should you watch for?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Vanessa and Lauren are both 32-year-old women with different levels of exercise experience. Vanessa, who weighs 124 lbs, has lifted weights before but Lauren, who weighs 166 lbs, has never participated in resistance training. Both women participate in initial fitness assessments and want your advice about starting a muscular fitness program at your exercise facility. Choose a different test to measure each woman's upper body muscular strength. Briefly explain the procedures for each assessment. What common errors should you watch for? ### Response:		For Vanessa, we’ll choose for her to perform a one-rep max assessment, specifically with the bench press. This is because she has experience with lifting weights. To start, she should warm up by completing several submaximal repetitions. We’re going to select an initial weight of 50-70% of her capacity, and progressively increase resistance by 2.5 to 20 kg until the subject cannot complete the repetitions. The final weight lifted should be the absolute 1-RM. Some common error we want to watch for is to make sure that the repetitions are performed at the same speed of movement and range of motion to ensure consistency. Additionally, on the setup portion, we should check the surroundings for hazards, set the bar to the right height for Vanessa based on her arm length, remove safety bars from both sides of the rack, secure weights correctly with safety clips, and have a spotter present. We should also make sure there is a proper progression of weight lifted, she’s not bouncing the bar off her chest, that she’s maintaining a neutral spine, and that she is breathing during the lift. For Lauren, because she has never participated in resistance training, we will select the flexed arm support test, as she may not be able to perform the dynamic push-up assessment properly. To start, she should have her hands outside her shoulders, and keep her back and legs straight. She should lower her body until the upper arm is parallel to the floor or the elbow is flexed at 90 degrees. She should be supporting her body in a push-up position from the knees. Some common mistakes include not breathing during the assessment, having a too-wide or too-narrow width for her hands, not maintaining a straight back and legs, and not lowering her body enough for the assessment.
Tell me whether a human has two or one of each of the following body parts: eye, mouth, nose, leg, ear, neck	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Tell me whether a human has two or one of each of the following body parts: eye, mouth, nose, leg, ear, neck ### Response:		Eye: Two Mouth: One Nose: One Leg: Two Ear: Two Neck: One
Classify each of the following as either a deciduous or evergreen tree: Oak, Pine, Spruce, Maple, Fir, Elm	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a deciduous or evergreen tree: Oak, Pine, Spruce, Maple, Fir, Elm ### Response:		Deciduous trees include Oak, Maple, and Elm. Evergreen trees include Pine, Spruce, and Fir.
The only known monotremes in the animal kingdom are the echidna and which other creature?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: The only known monotremes in the animal kingdom are the echidna and which other creature? ### Response:		The platypus.
What is the Monty Hall problem?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the Monty Hall problem? ### Response:		The Monty Hall problem is a probability brain teaser that many consider to be counterintuitive. The problem is stated as follows: Imagine you are a contestant on a game show and the host shows you 3 doors. Behind one of the doors is a car and behind the other two are goats. The prizes have been randomly assigned to the doors and you want to win the car. The host allows you to pick one of the doors as a first selection. Then, the host opens one of the remaining doors and reveals a goat is behind it. The host now allows you to decide if you want to switch from your selected door to the remaining unopened door. Should you switch, to maximize your probability of winning the car? Most people believe switching does not improve your probability of winning the car. However switching does increase your probability of winning the car from 1/3 to 2/3. An intuitive way to understand this problem is by first considering the initial state. At your first selection the probability that you have selected the right door is 1/3 and the probability that the car remains behind one of the two unselected doors is 2/3. Then the host reveals more information. The host reveals that one of the unselected doors does not have the car behind it. The probability that the originally unselected doors must have the car behind one of them is still 2/3, but you now know one of them specifically which does not have the car. Therefore, the remaining unopened unselected door must have a probability of 2/3 to contain the car, and your originally selected door must have a probability of 1/3. When offered the chance, you should switch to maximize your chances of winning the car.
Classify the movies into Thriller and Action genres. Aks, Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya, Vadh, Farz, Angaar: The Fire	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify the movies into Thriller and Action genres. Aks, Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya, Vadh, Farz, Angaar: The Fire ### Response:		Thriller: Aks, Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya, Vadh Action: Farz, Angaar: The Fire
Imagine you are the last person on Earth. Write a diary entry describing your thoughts and feelings.	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Imagine you are the last person on Earth. Write a diary entry describing your thoughts and feelings. ### Response:		I finally witness the day when humanity was brought to an end. It wasn't due to a technological explosion, depletion of resources, or uncontrolled wars. It was arrogance, the innate arrogance of humanity, that brought everything to an end. And now, this is the end of my life but will also mark the beginning of all cycles.
What is the list of football clubs in England by competitive honours won?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the list of football clubs in England by competitive honours won? ### Response:		This article lists English association football clubs whose men's sides have won competitive honours run by official governing bodies. Friendly competitions and matches organized between clubs are not included. The football associations FIFA and UEFA run international and European competitions; while The Football Association, and its mostly self-governing subsidiary bodies the English Football League and Premier League, run national competitions. The European governing body UEFA was founded in 1954, and created their first and most prestigious competition, the European Cup, the next year. It was expanded and renamed in 1992 as the UEFA Champions League. Liverpool hold the English record, with six wins. Parallel to UEFA, various officials created the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1955, but this competition was disbanded when UEFA created the replacement tournament, UEFA Cup, in 1971 (renamed the UEFA Europa League in 2009) The English record number of Europa League wins is three, also held by Liverpool. Another competition absorbed into the UEFA Cup, in 1999, was the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, which was created in 1960 and featured the winners of national knockout competitions The winners of this competition played the European Cup winners in the UEFA Super Cup, starting in 1972 (recognised by UEFA in 1973), which now features the winners of the Champions League and Europa League.Liverpool also hold the English record, with four wins, in the UEFA Super Cup. The International Football Cup, also known as the UEFA Intertoto Cup, was a competition for clubs not participating in the European Cup, UEFA Cup or Cup Winners' Cup. The tournament commenced in 1961, but UEFA officially recognised it only in 1995, and discontinued in 2008, with the Europa League expanded to accommodate Intertoto Cup clubs. UEFA and CONMEBOL also created an intercontinental competition in 1960, the Intercontinental Cup, featuring continental champions from both associations. In 2000, the international governing body FIFA created the FIFA Club World Cup and in 2004 the Intercontinental Cup was merged into it. Manchester United are the only English club to have won the Intercontinental Cup, while United, Chelsea and Liverpool are the only English teams to have lifted the Club World Cup. England's first competition organised by a national body, the FA Cup, began in the 1871–72 season, making it one of the oldest football competitions in the world.Arsenal hold the record number of wins, with 14. League football began in the next decade with the founding of The Football League in 1888–89. The name First Division was adopted in 1892, when The Football League gained a second division. The First Division remained the highest division of the English league system until 1992, when the Premier League was founded. Manchester United have won the most top division titles, 20. The English equivalent of the super cup began in 1898 with the inauguration of the Sheriff of London Charity Shield, pitting the best professional and amateur sides of the year against each other. The trophy would develop into the FA Charity Shield in 1908, which was later renamed the FA Community Shield in 2002. Manchester United also hold the record here, with 21 wins. The Football League created its own knockout competition in 1960, the League Cup. Its current record is nine wins, held by Liverpool. The Anglo-Italian League Cup was created in 1969 to match English cup winners against the winners of the Coppa Italia, and was permanently disbanded in 1976. In 1985, the Full Members' Cup and Football League Super Cup were created as substitutes for UEFA competitions after UEFA responded to the Heysel Stadium disaster by banning English clubs. They finished in 1992 and 1986, respectively. The Football League Centenary Trophy marked The Football League's 100th birthday, in the 1988–89 season Lower down in the hierarchy of English football are many other competitions, not included in the tables on this page. These include competitions run by the above national governing bodies, but organised for clubs ineligible for higher competitions. For example, the Texaco Cup and EFL Trophy. Regional competitions are organised by County Football Associations. In the years when league football was unavailable or only available to northern and midlands clubs, the county competitions coexisted with the FA Cup as the main tournaments for clubs. Nowadays, county cups are contested by lower or regional division teams and those that still participate generally field youth or reserve sides.
Classify these tasks by how easy they would be for a 10 year old to do (either easy or hard): drive a car, tie their shoes, throw a baseball, go to college, ride a bike, spell the word "water"	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify these tasks by how easy they would be for a 10 year old to do (either easy or hard): drive a car, tie their shoes, throw a baseball, go to college, ride a bike, spell the word "water" ### Response:		drive a car: hard, tie their shoes: easy, throw a baseball: easy, go to college: hard, ride a bike: easy, spell the word "water": easy
What is kindergarten?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is kindergarten? ### Response:		Kindergarten is the first year of public school education, for children who are 5 or 6 years old. The curriculum helps children learn their colors, shapes, numbers, letters, and letter sounds with the goal of helping children to read independently by the end of the school year.
What are some of the languages spoken in Spain?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some of the languages spoken in Spain? ### Response:		Most languages spoken in Spain belong to the Romance language family, of which Spanish is the only language which has the "official" status for the whole country. There are other languages that have recognized status in specific territories such as: Basque in the Basque Country, Catalan spoken in Catalonia, Valencian in the Valencian community and Gallician the adjancent western parts of the principality of Asturias.
What is a 4x4?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a 4x4? ### Response:		A 4x4 is a type of vehicle with four wheel drive. It is also know as a SUV, a sports utility vehicle. They are typically higher off the ground than standard cars, with more room inside the cabin. 4x4s typically are heavier with poorer handling, but have the capacity to drive off-road and cope with poor weather conditions much better.
What is the capital of Norway and when was it founded?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the capital of Norway and when was it founded? ### Response:		Oslo is the capital of Norway. It was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 and was given the name Ánslo in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. Haakon V of Norway declared Oslo the capital around 1300. The city was destroyed by a fire in 1624 and then rebuilt.
Give me a list of the dog breeds	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me a list of the dog breeds ### Input: This list of dog breeds includes both extant and extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. A research article on dog genomics published in Science/AAAS defines modern dog breeds as "a recent invention defined by conformation to a physical ideal and purity of lineage".[1] ### Response:	This list of dog breeds includes both extant and extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. A research article on dog genomics published in Science/AAAS defines modern dog breeds as "a recent invention defined by conformation to a physical ideal and purity of lineage".[1]	Affenpinscher[7] Afghan Hound[8] Africanis[9] Aidi[10] Airedale Terrier[11] Akbash[12] Akita[13] Aksaray Malaklisi Alano Español[14] Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog[15] Alaskan Husky[16] Alaskan Klee Kai[17] Alaskan Malamute[18] Alopekis Alpine Dachsbracke[19] American Bulldog[20] American Bully American Cocker Spaniel[21] American English Coonhound[22] American Eskimo Dog[23] American Foxhound[24] American Hairless Terrier[25] American Leopard Hound American Pit Bull Terrier[26] American Staffordshire Terrier[26] American Water Spaniel[27] Anglo-Français de Petite Vénerie[28] Appenzeller Sennenhund[29] Ariège Pointer Ariegeois[30] Armant[31] Armenian Gampr Artois Hound[32] Assyrian Mastiff Australian Cattle Dog[33] Australian Kelpie[33] Australian Shepherd[34] Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog[35] Australian Terrier[36] Austrian Black and Tan Hound[37] Austrian Pinscher[38] Azawakh[39] Bắc Hà dog Bakharwal dog Banjara Hound[40] Bankhar Dog Barak hound Barbado da Terceira[41] Barbet[42] Basenji[43] Basque Shepherd Dog[44] Basset Artésien Normand[45] Basset Bleu de Gascogne[46] Basset Fauve de Bretagne[47] Basset Hound[48] Bavarian Mountain Hound[49] Beagle[48] Beagle-Harrier[50] Bearded Collie[51] Beauceron[52] Bedlington Terrier[53] Belgian Shepherd[54] Bergamasco Shepherd[55] Berger Picard[56] Bernese Mountain Dog[29] Bichon Frisé[57] Billy[58] Black and Tan Coonhound[59] Black Norwegian Elkhound[60] Black Russian Terrier[61] Black Mouth Cur[62] Bloodhound[63] Blue Lacy[64] Blue Picardy Spaniel[65] Bluetick Coonhound[59] Boerboel[66] Bohemian Shepherd[67] Bolognese[68] Border Collie[69] Border Terrier[70] Borzoi[71] Boston Terrier[72] Bouvier des Ardennes[73] Bouvier des Flandres[74] Boxer[75] Boykin Spaniel[76] Bracco Italiano[77] Braque d'Auvergne[78] Braque du Bourbonnais[79] Braque Français[80] Braque Saint-Germain[79] Briard[52] Briquet Griffon Vendéen[81] Brittany[65] Broholmer[82] Bruno Jura Hound[83] Brussels Griffon[84] Bucovina Shepherd Dog[85] Bull Arab Bull Terrier[86] Bulldog[87] Bullmastiff[87] Bully Kutta Burgos Pointer[88] Ca Mè Mallorquí[89] Ca de Bou Cairn Terrier[90] Calupoh Campeiro Bulldog Can de Chira Can de Palleiro Canaan Dog[91] Canadian Eskimo Dog[18] Cane Corso[10] Cane di Oropa Cane Paratore Cantabrian Water Dog Cão da Serra de Aires[92] Cão de Castro Laboreiro[93] Cão de Gado Transmontano[94] Cão Fila de São Miguel[95] Cardigan Welsh Corgi[96] Carea Castellano Manchego[97] Carea Leonés Carolina Dog[98] Carpathian Shepherd Dog[99] Catahoula Leopard Dog[100] Catalan Sheepdog[101] Caucasian Shepherd Dog[102] Cavalier King Charles Spaniel[103] Central Asian Shepherd Dog[104] Cesky Fousek[105] Cesky Terrier[106] Chesapeake Bay Retriever[107] Chien Français Blanc et Noir[108] Chien Français Blanc et Orange[109] Chien Français Tricolore[108] Chihuahua[110] Chilean Terrier Chinese Crested Dog[111] Chinook[112] Chippiparai[113] Chongqing dog Chortai[114] Chow Chow[115] Chukotka sled dog Cimarrón Uruguayo Cirneco dell'Etna[116] Clumber Spaniel[117] Colombian fino hound Continental bulldog Coton de Tuléar[118] Cretan Hound[119] Croatian Sheepdog[99] Curly-Coated Retriever[107] Cursinu[67] Czechoslovakian Wolfdog[120] D–K Dachshund[121] Dalmatian[122] Dandie Dinmont Terrier[123] Danish Spitz Danish-Swedish Farmdog[124] Denmark Feist[125] Dingo [note 1] Dobermann[49] Dogo Argentino[127] Dogo Guatemalteco Dogo Sardesco Dogue Brasileiro[127] Dogue de Bordeaux[128] Donggyeongi Drentse Patrijshond[129] Drever[130] Dunker[131] Dutch Shepherd[132] Dutch Smoushond[133] East Siberian Laika[134] East European Shepherd[135] Ecuadorian Hairless Dog[136] English Cocker Spaniel[137] English Foxhound[138] English Mastiff[128] English Setter[139] English Shepherd[140] English Springer Spaniel[141] English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)[142] Entlebucher Mountain Dog[143] Estonian Hound[144] Estrela Mountain Dog[93] Eurasier[115] Field Spaniel[145] Fila Brasileiro[127] Finnish Hound[146] Finnish Lapphund[147] Finnish Spitz[148] Flat-Coated Retriever[149] French Bulldog[150] French Spaniel[151] Galgo Español[152] Garafian Shepherd[153] Gascon Saintongeois[28] Georgian Shepherd German Hound German Longhaired Pointer[154] German Pinscher[7] German Roughhaired Pointer[155] German Shepherd[156] German Shorthaired Pointer[154] German Spaniel[117] German Spitz[157] German Wirehaired Pointer[154] Giant Schnauzer[158] Glen of Imaal Terrier[159] Golden Retriever[160] Gończy Polski[161] Gordon Setter[139] Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir[162] Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Orange[162] Grand Anglo-Français Tricolore[162] Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen[163] Grand Bleu de Gascogne[164] Grand Griffon Vendéen[81] Great Dane[165] Greater Swiss Mountain Dog[143] Greek Harehound[166] Greek Shepherd[167] Greenland Dog[168] Greyhound[71] Griffon Bleu de Gascogne[46] Griffon Fauve de Bretagne[47] Griffon Nivernais[45] Gull Dong Gull Terrier Hällefors Elkhound Halden Hound Hamiltonstövare[169] Hanover Hound[170] Harrier[171] Havanese[68] Himalayan Sheepdog[172] Hierran Wolfdog Hmong bobtail dog Hokkaido[13] Hovawart[173] Huntaway[174] Hygen Hound[146] Ibizan Hound[116] Icelandic Sheepdog[175] Indian pariah dog Indian Spitz Irish Red and White Setter[176] Irish Setter[176] Irish Terrier[11] Irish Water Spaniel[177] Irish Wolfhound[178] Istrian Coarse-haired Hound[179] Istrian Shorthaired Hound[180] Italian Greyhound[181] Jack Russell Terrier[182] Jagdterrier[106] Jämthund[183] Japanese Chin[184] Japanese Spitz[185] Japanese Terrier[186] Jindo[187] Jonangi Kai Ken Kaikadi[188] Kangal Shepherd Dog[12] Kanni[40] Karakachan dog Karelian Bear Dog[189] Kars[190] Karst Shepherd[191] Keeshond[192] Kerry Beagle[50] Kerry Blue Terrier[193] Khala [194] King Charles Spaniel[184] King Shepherd[73] Kintamani Kishu[195] Kokoni Kombai[196] Komondor[197] Kooikerhondje[198] Koolie Koyun dog Kromfohrländer[186] Kuchi[199] Kunming dog Kurdish Mastiff Kuvasz[200] L–R Labrador Retriever[201] Lagotto Romagnolo[202] Lakeland Terrier[70] Lancashire Heeler[34] Landseer[203] Lapponian Herder[148] Large Münsterländer[204] Leonberger[127] Levriero Sardo Lhasa Apso Liangshan Dog[205] Lithuanian Hound[144] Lobito Herreño Löwchen[118] Lupo Italiano Mackenzie River husky Magyar agár[206] Mahratta Greyhound[207] Maltese[57] Manchester Terrier[142] Maneto[208] Maremmano-Abruzzese Sheepdog[55] McNab dog Miniature American Shepherd Miniature Bull Terrier[86] Miniature Fox Terrier Miniature Pinscher[38] Miniature Schnauzer[209] Molossus of Epirus Mongrel Montenegrin Mountain Hound[210] Mountain Cur[166] Mountain Feist[125] Mucuchies[211] Mudhol Hound[212] Mudi[213] Neapolitan Mastiff[214] Nenets Herding Laika New Guinea singing dog New Zealand Heading Dog Newfoundland[215] Norfolk Terrier[90] Norrbottenspets[216] Northern Inuit Dog Norwegian Buhund[175] Norwegian Elkhound[217] Norwegian Lundehund[218] Norwich Terrier[219] Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever[198] Old Danish Pointer[220] Old English Sheepdog[59] Old English Terrier[221] Olde English Bulldogge[20] Otterhound[138] Pachon Navarro Pampas Deerhound Papillon[222] Parson Russell Terrier[223] Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai Patagonian Sheepdog Patterdale Terrier[224] Pekingese[225] Pembroke Welsh Corgi[96] Perro Majorero Perro de Pastor Mallorquin Perro de Presa Canario[226] Perro de Presa Mallorquin[227] Peruvian Inca Orchid[228] Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen[163] Petit Bleu de Gascogne[164] Phalène[222] Pharaoh Hound[229] Phu Quoc Ridgeback Picardy Spaniel[151] Plummer Terrier[224] Plott Hound[230] Podenco Andaluz Podenco Canario[91] Podenco Valenciano Pointer[149] Poitevin[179] Polish Greyhound[231] Polish Hound[232] Polish Lowland Sheepdog[233] Polish Tatra Sheepdog[234] Pomeranian[235] Pont-Audemer Spaniel[236] Poodle[237] Porcelaine[58] Portuguese Podengo[238] Portuguese Pointer[239] Portuguese Water Dog[240] Posavac Hound[241] Pražský Krysařík[242] Pudelpointer[220] Pug[150] Puli[240] Pumi[197] Pungsan dog Pyrenean Mastiff[243] Pyrenean Mountain Dog[243] Pyrenean Sheepdog[215] Rafeiro do Alentejo[244] Rajapalayam[245] Rampur Greyhound[34] Rat Terrier[246] Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz Ratonero Mallorquin Ratonero Murciano Ratonero Valenciano Redbone Coonhound[247] Rhodesian Ridgeback[170] Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog[99] Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog[99] Rottweiler[165] Rough Collie[69] Russian Spaniel Russian Toy[213][248] Russo-European Laika[134] Ryukyu Inu S–Z Saarloos Wolfdog[120] Sabueso Español[249] Saint Bernard[203] Saint Hubert Jura Hound[83] Saint Miguel Cattle Dog Saint-Usuge Spaniel Saluki[152] Samoyed[185] Sapsali Sarabi dog[250] Sardinian Shepherd Dog Šarplaninac[99] Schapendoes[56] Schillerstövare[130] Schipperke[251] Schweizer Laufhund[109] Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund[252] Scottish Deerhound[178] Scottish Terrier[253] Sealyham Terrier[123] Segugio dell'Appennino Segugio Italiano[249] Segugio Maremmano Serbian Hound[254] Serbian Tricolour Hound[210] Serrano Bulldog Shar Pei Shetland Sheepdog[255] Shiba Inu[256] Shih Tzu[205] Shikoku[112] Shiloh Shepherd[242] Siberian Husky[168] Silken Windhound Silky Terrier[36] Sinhala Hound Skye Terrier[253] Sloughi[39] Slovakian Wirehaired Pointer[155] Slovenský Cuvac[200] Slovenský Kopov[232] Smalandstövare[161] Small Greek domestic dog Small Münsterländer[204] Smithfield Smooth Collie[255] Smooth Fox Terrier[257] Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier[159] South Russian Ovcharka[258] Spanish Mastiff[214] Spanish Water Dog[177] Spino degli Iblei Spinone Italiano[77] Sporting Lucas Terrier[124] Stabyhoun[129] Staffordshire Bull Terrier[259] Standard Schnauzer[158] Stephens Stock[260] Styrian Coarse-haired Hound[19] Sussex Spaniel[145] Swedish Lapphund[183] Swedish Vallhund[74] Swinford Bandog Taigan[207] Taiwan Dog Tamaskan Dog Tang Dog Tazy Teddy Roosevelt Terrier Telomian Tenterfield Terrier Terrier Brasileiro[246] Thai Bangkaew Dog Thai Ridgeback[261] Tibetan Kyi Apso Tibetan Mastiff[262] Tibetan Spaniel[263] Tibetan Terrier[263] Tonya Finosu Torkuz[172] Tornjak[172] Tosa Inu[264] Toy Fox Terrier[72] Toy Manchester Terrier[142] Transylvanian Hound[265] Treeing Cur Treeing Feist[266] Treeing Tennessee Brindle Treeing Walker Coonhound[230] Trigg Hound[267] Tyrolean Hound[268] Vikhan[269] Villano de Las Encartaciones Villanuco de Las Encartaciones Vizsla[270] Volpino Italiano[235] Weimaraner[271] Welsh Hound Welsh Sheepdog Welsh Springer Spaniel[141] Welsh Terrier[193] West Country Harrier[272] West Highland White Terrier[219] West Siberian Laika[189] Westphalian Dachsbracke[130] Wetterhoun[236] Whippet[206] White Shepherd White Swiss Shepherd Dog[67] Wire Fox Terrier[257] Wirehaired Pointing Griffon[273] Wirehaired Vizsla Xiasi Dog Xoloitzcuintle[274] Yakutian Laika Yorkshire Terrier[275] Zerdava
Tell me whether these operation systems are open-source of proprietary; Ubuntu, iOS , Debian, Fedora, CentOS, macOS, Open Suse, Windows	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Tell me whether these operation systems are open-source of proprietary; Ubuntu, iOS , Debian, Fedora, CentOS, macOS, Open Suse, Windows ### Response:		Definitely I can do that. Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, CentOS and Open Suse are open-source operating systems. On the other hand, Windows, macOS and iOS are proprietary.
How are clouds formed?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How are clouds formed? ### Response:		It all begins with aerosols. Aerosols are tiny airborne particles typically from natural sources such as dust from soil or volcanic ash, sea salt, etc or artificial sources such as carbon from fossil fuels. These aerosols are light enough to be airborne for long periods of time or only a few hours. These serve as condensation nuclei for evaporated water that rises and cools. These aerosols act as a magnet for the vapor and allow it to condense around it and thus form water droplets. A large amount of these water droplets is what makes up a cloud.
Which of the following are types of tea and which are types of coffee: chamomile, herbal, French roast, double latte, Earl grey, English breakfast, and a cappuccino.	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which of the following are types of tea and which are types of coffee: chamomile, herbal, French roast, double latte, Earl grey, English breakfast, and a cappuccino. ### Response:		The teas are chamomile, herbal, Earl grey, and English breakfast, and the coffees are French roast, double latte, and cappuccino.
Classify the animals based on their food habits into Herbivores or Carnivores. Jackal, Hyena, Zebra, Giraffe	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify the animals based on their food habits into Herbivores or Carnivores. Jackal, Hyena, Zebra, Giraffe ### Response:		Herbivores - Zebra, Giraffe Carnivores. - Jackal, Hyena
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Allosaurus, Amur Leopard	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Allosaurus, Amur Leopard ### Response:		Allosaurus is extinct, Amur Leopard is alive.
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kebero, Vlier	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kebero, Vlier ### Response:		Vlier is string, Kebero is percussion.
How to get an efficient cardio workout and improve your speed, and gain other health benefits?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How to get an efficient cardio workout and improve your speed, and gain other health benefits? ### Response:		In this day and age when many are busy with work, family, electronic gadgets, social media it becomes increasingly challenging to find the time to exercise. Staying healthy will allow you to enjoy those distractions longer, but jokes aside it will make you feel energized, motivated and bring out the best in you. When new discoveries in scenic areas are correctly applied, you don’t need to spend multiple hours at the gym, you don’t have to starve to achieve your goals, this concept was very enticing to me when I first learnt about the Sprint 8 program at my local gym. I decided to give this a try! Sprint 8 - Its a 20 minute routine, where you spend the first 30 seconds working out at the highest level of intensity (go all out) followed by 90 seconds of active recovery, repeat this 8 times.. You can use a bike, treadmill, elliptical whichever suits your style. In all my life of being fairly active, Sprint 8 has the toughest workout, but over a year I could see significant results. I was able to run faster, lower blood pressure, reduce fat percentage, and improve muscle mass. The key differentiator about this program is that it engages all the three muscle fiber types and releases exercise induced growth hormones to help your body become stronger, leaner and healthier. Another advantage is that this program really reduces any change of injury that one may face by running, heavy weight lifting etc therefore allowing you to sustain the exercise program for years to come. Give this a try and gain the benefits of efficient exercising.
When did Rolex introduce the Batman GMT	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: When did Rolex introduce the Batman GMT ### Input: In 2013, Rolex created the first two-tone ceramic bezel, in blue and black, for the steel GMT-Master II nicknamed “Batman”. The blue and black bezel is made of Cerachrom, Rolex's patented version of ceramic; it is produced through a patented process of creating two colors out of a mono-block Cerachrom bezel.[9] ### Response:	In 2013, Rolex created the first two-tone ceramic bezel, in blue and black, for the steel GMT-Master II nicknamed “Batman”. The blue and black bezel is made of Cerachrom, Rolex's patented version of ceramic; it is produced through a patented process of creating two colors out of a mono-block Cerachrom bezel.[9]	The Batman was introduced in 2013 with a black and blue bezel
Segregate the below words as palindrome or not. kayak, deified, rotator, repaper, deed, peep, wow, noon, taste, bait, not, built	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Segregate the below words as palindrome or not. kayak, deified, rotator, repaper, deed, peep, wow, noon, taste, bait, not, built ### Response:		Palindrome - kayak, deified, rotator, repaper, deed, peep, wow, noon Not a palindrome - taste, bait, not, built
Classify each of the countries as "English Speaking" or "Spanish Speaking": Costa Rica, USA, Canada, Ecuador, Peru	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the countries as "English Speaking" or "Spanish Speaking": Costa Rica, USA, Canada, Ecuador, Peru ### Response:		Costa Rica: Spanish Speaking USA: English Canada: English Ecuador: Spanish Peru: Spanish
Explain the best way to swing a golf iron compared to a golf driver.	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Explain the best way to swing a golf iron compared to a golf driver. ### Response:		When hitting an iron you want to make a downward striking motion in the grass. The driver is more of a sweeping motion through the ball. Overall, shorten the back swing on the driver and it will help gain control.
How did Chiune Sugihara save lives?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did Chiune Sugihara save lives? ### Input: Chiune Sugihara (杉原千畝, Sugihara Chiune, 1 January 1900 – 31 July 1986)[1] was a Japanese diplomat who served as vice-consul for the Japanese Empire in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his job and the lives of his family.[2][3] The fleeing Jews were refugees from German-occupied Western Poland and Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland, as well as residents of Lithuania. In 1985, the State of Israel honored Sugihara as one of the Righteous Among the Nations for his actions. He is the only Japanese national to have been so honored. The year 2020 was "The Year Chiune Sugihara" in Lithuania. It has been estimated as many as 100,000 people alive today are the descendants of the recipients of Sugihara visas. ### Response:	Chiune Sugihara (杉原千畝, Sugihara Chiune, 1 January 1900 – 31 July 1986)[1] was a Japanese diplomat who served as vice-consul for the Japanese Empire in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his job and the lives of his family.[2][3] The fleeing Jews were refugees from German-occupied Western Poland and Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland, as well as residents of Lithuania. In 1985, the State of Israel honored Sugihara as one of the Righteous Among the Nations for his actions. He is the only Japanese national to have been so honored. The year 2020 was "The Year Chiune Sugihara" in Lithuania. It has been estimated as many as 100,000 people alive today are the descendants of the recipients of Sugihara visas.	He issued transit visas to Jews fleeing Europe during World War II, so they could travel through Japanese territory.
In accordance with existentialism, does life have universal meaning?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In accordance with existentialism, does life have universal meaning? ### Response:		The philosophical theory of Existentialism developed by Jean-Paul Sartre in the 20th century revolves around the idea of no objective purpose to life. Life itself has no universal meaning true for all beings. However, according to Sartre, that does not render our existence and actions as purposeless, but it is an encouragement to seek out our own understanding of purpose. So the meaning of life in accordance with this philosophy is individual and personal, varying from one human to another.
What do people paint?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What do people paint? ### Response:		Painting is an activity that is for everyone. Artist paint as a career but regular people also paint because it can be therapeutic, relaxing and a great way to relieve stress. You don't even have to be good at painting to get all the benefits that come from painting. Painting is great way to learn to appreciate what is in front of you and what you have created and can even give you a better outlook on life and improve your own spirituality.
Who are some notable guests on Between Two Ferns?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who are some notable guests on Between Two Ferns? ### Response:		Between Two Ferns, a show where Zach Galifianakis conducts awkward interviews with famous celebrities and public figures, has seen many notable guests. These include Michael Cera, Conan O'Brien, Will Ferrell, President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, and Paul Rudd.
Which country was the first to introduce old age pensions	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which country was the first to introduce old age pensions ### Response:		Germany
which of these is a musical movie: Despicable Me 1, John Wick 4, Avengers or Singin' in the Rain?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: which of these is a musical movie: Despicable Me 1, John Wick 4, Avengers or Singin' in the Rain? ### Response:		Singin' in the Rain
classify each of these as either computer software or hardware: RAM, SSD, keyboard, mouse, trackpad, python, R, Scala, Google, Gmail, Figma, camera, screen	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: classify each of these as either computer software or hardware: RAM, SSD, keyboard, mouse, trackpad, python, R, Scala, Google, Gmail, Figma, camera, screen ### Response:		Computer software: python, R, Scala, Google, Gmail, Figma Computer hardware: RAM, SSD, keyboard, mouse, trackpad, camera, screen
Which of these are soccer players? Maradona, Joe Biden, Michelle Platini, John Terry, John Oliver, Mike Anderson, Steven Gerrard, Mo Salah, Obama, Michael Jordan	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which of these are soccer players? Maradona, Joe Biden, Michelle Platini, John Terry, John Oliver, Mike Anderson, Steven Gerrard, Mo Salah, Obama, Michael Jordan ### Response:		Maradona, Michelle Platini, John Terry, Steven Gerrard and Mo Salah are soccer players.
What type of kitchen knife should I buy?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What type of kitchen knife should I buy? ### Response:		Every household should have at a minimum: a serrated knife, a paring knife, and a chef's knife. The serrated knife is good for cutting breads. A paring knife is handy for peeling and slicing smaller objects such as fruits. A chef's knife is a multi-purpose workhorse that can be used to accomplish most tasks such as slicing and dicing meats, vegetables, and fruits.
Identify the bird from the list: Hoot, Coot, Foot	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify the bird from the list: Hoot, Coot, Foot ### Response:		Coot
How to take care of indoor plants?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How to take care of indoor plants? ### Response:		In general, there are three things to consider when taking care of indoor plants. First, plants need to be watered regularly. Second, plants need to be placed in a location where they receive a sufficient amount of light. Finally, plants need to be repotted occasionally. While these three tasks apply to every indoor plant, individual plants have different requirements. For example, some plants need more water while others should only be watered rarely. In terms of light exposure, some plants require a lot of direct light whereas others need to be placed in a less bright location. Hence, it is important to understand the specifics of each plant.
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Saber-Toothed Tiger, Mountain Plover	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Saber-Toothed Tiger, Mountain Plover ### Response:		Mountain Plover is alive, Saber-Toothed Tiger is extinct.
How do I save for retirement?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How do I save for retirement? ### Response:		First thing is to make a plan and the key is to start saving today no matter how small that amount might be. You will be refining this plan as you move forward to achieving your financial goals. You should always "Pay Yourself" first by allocating a percentage of your pay checks into a company 401K retirement plan or an IRA or Roth IRA. A certain portion of your monthly pay will be pulled out tax free and put into a retirement savings account. You should consult with a tax professional to understand the tax implications. Also, you can work with a professional planner to help create a comprehensive long term plan. This retirement plan will take into account your target financial goals, desired annual spend, investments, social security, pensions, and other financial sources.
Is tomato a fruit or a vegetable ?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is tomato a fruit or a vegetable ? ### Response:		Tomatoes are both a fruit and a vegetable. It is considered as a fruit by botanists because it grows from a flower and contains seeds. It is considered as a vegetable by nutritionists because it does not contain as much fructose as other fruits like oranges or apples and consequently they are not served in many cultures as deserts but rather as a first dish and cooked in a second dish.