instruction stringlengths 4 924 | prompt stringlengths 144 1.4k | input stringlengths 0 1.16k | output stringlengths 1 10.7k |
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How can a drought impact food supplies, and what effect does this change have? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How can a drought impact food supplies, and what effect does this change have?
### Response:
| A drought can reduce the amount of crops that can be grown due to less water being available for the farms in an area. In turn, fewer crops lead to smaller harvests, which can lead to issues supplying food to the area. These can lead to high food prices, or in severe cases, this can lead to famines. | |
Tell me about the American Civil War | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Tell me about the American Civil War
### Response:
| The American Civil War was fought from 1861 - 1865 between the Union (North) and Confederate (South) armies. The Union was thought to have an easy path to victory since it enjoyed the advantages of a more modern industrial economy and greater numbers of fighting aged-men. However, the war dragged on for much longer, and at a higher cost than most initially imagined - carrying on 4 years and at a cost of about 600,000 dead. The Union won, and the United States was saved from a constitutional crisis as a result. | |
Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD?
### Response:
| A PhD degree is an essential qualification and prerequisite towards the Academia carrier; in order to be able to teach University students and also progress the research interests and activities. From the first semesters of the PhD studies, candidates will be encouraged to practice their teaching skills, by giving seminars or lectures to undergraduate students. | |
What is the population of Breezy Point city in Minnesota? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is the population of Breezy Point city in Minnesota?
### Input:
Breezy Point is a city in Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,346 at the 2010 census.
### Response:
| Breezy Point is a city in Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,346 at the 2010 census. | Breezy Point's population was 2,346 at the 2010 census. |
How do you play Baseball? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How do you play Baseball?
### Response:
| Baseball is a game between two teams involving a baseball, which is a ball that is about 2 inches in diameter, and a bat used to hit the ball. Two teams alternate turns pitching and hitting the ball. The hitting team attempts to score as many runs by advancing through the four bases, prior to their team getting three outs during their turn hitting. The pitching team's objective is to prevent the hitting team from scoring runs. Games traditionally last 9 innings, with each team having the opportunity to both hit and pitch 9 times. The team with the most runs after 9 innings wins the game. | |
What is Docker? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is Docker?
### Response:
| Docker takes away repetitive, mundane configuration tasks and is used throughout the development lifecycle for fast, easy and portable application development – desktop and cloud. Docker’s comprehensive end to end platform includes UIs, CLIs, APIs and security that are engineered to work together across the entire application delivery lifecycle. | |
Write a paragraph on why visit and stay at Marysville in Victoria Australia. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Write a paragraph on why visit and stay at Marysville in Victoria Australia.
### Response:
| Maryville is located 120km from Melbourne. Nestled just past the Victorian Yarra Valley, Marysville offers a range of activities for the outdoor enthusiast. Mountain Biking, Bush Walking and during winter Marysville's Lake Mountain is the closest snow resort to the Melbourne CBD. Marysville has some fantastic accommodation options from Caravan Parks all the way to high-end houses for multiple families to enjoy time together. A magnificent location to get away and feel connected with nature. Marysville also has some amazing places to enjoy a meal. From the Duck Inn Pub to the various other eatery options Marysville caters for all tastes and budgets. | |
Brainstorm sea shanty lyrics | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Brainstorm sea shanty lyrics
### Response:
| There once was a ship that went to sea, and they named her the O'Malley. It bobbed in the waves and tipped you see! The sea was rough and the weather went sour. Then the crew heaved every hour! Oh no, down she goes! Oh no, down she goes; Down O'Malley into the sea! | |
Give me some tips to impress my aspiring Father-in-law. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Give me some tips to impress my aspiring Father-in-law.
### Response:
| 1. Try to be authentic self. It will cause you less stress in long run and also provide a chance to the other person to get to know you better.
2. Be respectful. It is always good to understand other person's perspective specially when they are coming from a different generation.
3. Light the conversation over the lighter topics or if required keep yourself up to date with the recent events happening in the world. Bonus points if you also know about the topics of interest for the other party.
4. Relax and try to enjoy the time together. At the end of the day, both of you would like to know each other better. There can always be some judgement in the equation but with openness and mindful transparency, things should evolve constructively. | |
List some of the characters on The X-Files who were infected by, but did not die from, exposure to the alien black oil virus. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
List some of the characters on The X-Files who were infected by, but did not die from, exposure to the alien black oil virus.
### Response:
| Alex Krycek, Dana Scully, Fox Mulder, Marita Covarrubias, Dmitri, Bernard Gauthier, Joan Gauthier | |
Given a reference text about David Allan Farrish, tell me how many games he played in the NHL. | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Given a reference text about David Allan Farrish, tell me how many games he played in the NHL.
### Input:
David Allan Farrish (born August 1, 1956) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played 430 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the New York Rangers, Quebec Nordiques, and Toronto Maple Leafs between 1976 and 1984. He featured in the 1979 Stanley Cup Finals with the Rangers.
He also played in the American Hockey League and won the Eddie Shore Award as the league's best defenceman during the 1981–82 season.[1] After his playing career Farrish worked as a coach.
### Response:
| David Allan Farrish (born August 1, 1956) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played 430 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the New York Rangers, Quebec Nordiques, and Toronto Maple Leafs between 1976 and 1984. He featured in the 1979 Stanley Cup Finals with the Rangers.
He also played in the American Hockey League and won the Eddie Shore Award as the league's best defenceman during the 1981–82 season.[1] After his playing career Farrish worked as a coach. | David Allan Farrish played 430 games in the NHL. |
Based on this paragraph, tell me who was responsible for the discovery of nuclear fission. | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Based on this paragraph, tell me who was responsible for the discovery of nuclear fission.
### Input:
Nuclear fission of heavy elements was discovered on Monday 19 December 1938 in Berlin, by German chemist Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann in cooperation with Austrian-Swedish physicist Lise Meitner. Hahn understood that a "burst" of the atomic nuclei had occurred.[1][2] Meitner explained it theoretically in January 1939 along with her nephew Otto Robert Frisch. Frisch named the process by analogy with biological fission of living cells. In their second publication on nuclear fission in February of 1939, Hahn and Strassmann predicted the existence and liberation of additional neutrons during the fission process, opening up the possibility of a nuclear chain reaction.
### Response:
| Nuclear fission of heavy elements was discovered on Monday 19 December 1938 in Berlin, by German chemist Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann in cooperation with Austrian-Swedish physicist Lise Meitner. Hahn understood that a "burst" of the atomic nuclei had occurred.[1][2] Meitner explained it theoretically in January 1939 along with her nephew Otto Robert Frisch. Frisch named the process by analogy with biological fission of living cells. In their second publication on nuclear fission in February of 1939, Hahn and Strassmann predicted the existence and liberation of additional neutrons during the fission process, opening up the possibility of a nuclear chain reaction. | Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann achieved nuclear fission in the laboratory, but could not explain what had happened. It was Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Robert Frisch that interpreted the laboratory results and discovered that nuclear fission had occurred. |
In dimensional modeling, what is a bus matrix? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
In dimensional modeling, what is a bus matrix?
### Response:
| A bus matrix is a logical construct, it has nothing to do with tables or data sources, at least not directly.
You put business processes (things that generate facts) on the rows and dimensions (attributes about events) on the columns, and then identify which dimensions apply to which process.
In totality it defines a logical model which can be translated to a physical dimensional model.
It helps you understand what dimensions to conform, what granularity you need to support, and how your various facts are interrelated, especially causally (e.g. this process produces these facts, which in turn influence this process which produces these facts, and so on ..)
Mostly it's a way to talk to the business in their own language about the types of analysis they want to do, introducing concepts like dimensions, facts, schemas, and measures in a way that is meaningful to how the business operates. | |
What is the primary cause of rain? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is the primary cause of rain?
### Response:
| The primary cause of rain is when water condenses in a cloud and gets heavy enough to fall. | |
What rank did Elvis Presley hold in the US Army? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What rank did Elvis Presley hold in the US Army?
### Input:
Elvis Aaron Presley[a] (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), often referred to mononymously as Elvis, was an American singer, actor and sergeant in the United States Army. Dubbed the "King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style, combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines during a transformative era in race relations, led him to both great success and initial controversy.
### Response:
| Elvis Aaron Presley[a] (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), often referred to mononymously as Elvis, was an American singer, actor and sergeant in the United States Army. Dubbed the "King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style, combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines during a transformative era in race relations, led him to both great success and initial controversy. | Elvis Presley held the rank of sergeant in the United States Army. |
What are the best places to eat and top Japanese sushi restaurant in San Mateo? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are the best places to eat and top Japanese sushi restaurant in San Mateo?
### Response:
| The best Japanese Restaurant in San Mateo are Sushi Sam and Sushi Maruyama | |
What are some common sauces or toppings for tacos? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are some common sauces or toppings for tacos?
### Response:
| Common toppings and sauces for tacos include guacamole, salsa, queso, sour cream, shredded cheese, hot sauce, cilantro, lime juice, green onion, and jalapeno. | |
What are the five highest peaks in the world, their altitude, and the countries where are they located? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are the five highest peaks in the world, their altitude, and the countries where are they located?
### Response:
| - Everest Mount, 8849 meters, is located in the Himalayas chain at the Nepalese border with China
- K2, 8611 meters, located in the Karakoram mountain range in Pakistan and China
- Kangchenjunga, 8586 meters, located in the Himalaya chain across Nepal & India
- Lhotse, 8,516 meters, still located in the Himalayas chain in China and Nepal
- Makalu, 8,485 meters, located in the Himalayas chain across Nepal and China | |
Extract the names of individuals in the passage who have eponymous laws. | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Extract the names of individuals in the passage who have eponymous laws.
### Input:
This list of eponymous laws provides links to articles on laws, principles, adages, and other succinct observations or predictions named after a person. In some cases the person named has coined the law – such as Parkinson's law. In others, the work or publications of the individual have led to the law being so named – as is the case with Moore's law. There are also laws ascribed to individuals by others, such as Murphy's law; or given eponymous names despite the absence of the named person.
### Response:
| This list of eponymous laws provides links to articles on laws, principles, adages, and other succinct observations or predictions named after a person. In some cases the person named has coined the law – such as Parkinson's law. In others, the work or publications of the individual have led to the law being so named – as is the case with Moore's law. There are also laws ascribed to individuals by others, such as Murphy's law; or given eponymous names despite the absence of the named person. | Parkinson, Moore, and Murphy are listed as examples of individuals who have an eponymous law. |
Imagine you are walking alone on the sidewalk of a residential street, and a large dog comes running toward you. It does not look aggressive, but it is also showing no fear. What might be an appropriate course of action. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Imagine you are walking alone on the sidewalk of a residential street, and a large dog comes running toward you. It does not look aggressive, but it is also showing no fear. What might be an appropriate course of action.
### Response:
| Because you are in a residential area, it is likely that the dog is someone's lost pet. If you are comfortable around dogs, it would be good to allow the dog to come close enough to you that you can see whether it has a collar and tags, and if so, to contact the owner listed on the tags. If the dog has no identification, it might be best to call animal control. And of course, be wary of signs of aggression, including any symptoms of rabies. | |
What are the most airplanes to learn how to fly? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are the most airplanes to learn how to fly?
### Response:
| The most popular single engine propeller plane in the United States is Cessna 172 model, where it gives pilots the ability to complete visual flight rules (VFR) flying as well as Instrument flight rules (IFR). Cessnas tend to be reliable and safe planes with proper maintenance. | |
How can you identify and suss out misinformation seen in so-called news stories and on social media? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How can you identify and suss out misinformation seen in so-called news stories and on social media?
### Response:
| Be sure to inspect the source of the content - look for known news organizations that are domestic or internationally recognized. Be leery of sources that you've never heard of (even if these sound legitimate) and when in doubt, search for information about the publication's ownership. It may be a government-backed entity or some other group regurgitating propaganda to further a specific cause. It is also important to go to the primary source wherever possible. This means if the article quotes a person/company/government/other entity, check that entity's website or social media feed to see if you can independently verify the information. Sometimes, propaganda can manufacture quotes or attribution and simply corroborating on your own can uncover lies and misinformation. | |
Which of these actions should we do and not to do in case of security incidents? deleting forensic artefacts, hiding the security incident, informing the security team. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which of these actions should we do and not to do in case of security incidents? deleting forensic artefacts, hiding the security incident, informing the security team.
### Response:
| In case of security incidents, first you need to inform the security team. It is important to not delete any forensic artefacts or files so the security team can check what has happened. Hiding the security incident can have serious consequences for the company and should not be done. | |
How do I wire an electrical outlet? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How do I wire an electrical outlet?
### Response:
| While wiring an outlet can be a fairly simple task when following all safety precautions, if you are unsure about anything or have a complicated scenario, it is best to consult a licensed electrician that understands local electrical code and laws.
Tools and Materials Needed:
Outlet, of appropriate amperage
Electrical box - (Old-work type for adding an outlet to your home)
Non-metallic (NM) cable (also known as Romex) of appropriate gauge and length
Wire connectors (twist type or lever-nut type)
Non-Contact Voltage Detector
Wire stripper
Screwdriver
Steps If you are installing new outlet:
1. Turn off the power to the circuit you'll be working on by turning off the breaker
2. Locate a nearby junction box, and confirm there is no power running to it with the non-contact voltage detector.
3. Once deemed safe, remove the cover plate.
4. Run a new length of Romex cable from the junction box to the location of the new outlet. You may need to drill holes through studs, floors, or even cut holes in the wall to achieve this.
5. If the old outlet has connection screws that are not used, you may attach the new wire to the old outlet to run power to the new outlet. These are usually labeled “load” on the outlet. Otherwise, you will need to detach existing wiring and combine wiring colors together (black to black, white, to white, etc) and use pigtails to wire run a single wire to the outlet.
6. Follow the same steps as you would connecting wire to the new outlet found below to attach wiring to the existing outlet.
7. At the new location, cut a hole in the wall where you want the outlet to be.
8. Attach an electrical box (old-work type) to the wall using screws to tension the boxes tabs and secure it in place.
Steps to follow for both new outlet installation and replacing existing outlets:
1. Strip the outer insulation from the cable and separate the wires.
2. Strip about ½ inch of insulation from each wire (black, white, and green or bare). Depending on your house and wiring, you may have a 4th gray wire or even a red wire in place of black. The gray wire is the neutral wire that is often needed for smart devices to correctly function. If your device specifies the need for this wire, and you do not have one, please consult an electrician. A red wire indicates the outlet is switched, and is also “hot” like a black wire. One will commonly find these routed to lights or fans.
3. Connect the black wire to the brass-colored screw on the outlet (designated as “line”) and tighten the screw. This wire is the "hot" wire and carries the electrical current.
4. Connect the white wire to the silver-colored screw (designated as “line”) on the outlet and tighten the screw. This wire is the "neutral" wire and completes the circuit.
5. Connect the green or bare wire to the green screw on the outlet and tighten the screw. This wire is the "ground" wire and provides a path for electricity to safely flow to the ground in case of a short circuit.
6. Gently push the outlet into the box, making sure not to pinch any wires.
7. Screw the outlet into the box.
8. Install the cover plate.
9. Turn the power back on and test the outlet to make sure it's working. | |
How do I decorate my new home? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How do I decorate my new home?
### Response:
| To decorate your new home, its good to get a strong sense of your own personal style and to seek inspiration from things you like. There are certain platforms like Pinterest where you can save images that you like to get inspiration from others, and see patterns in what type of decor speaks to you. Its good to invest in certain pieces that you will use a lot, like a mattress or couch, and then search for bargains on other pieces on secondhand marketplaces like Craigslist or Facebook marketplace. If you feel totally lost and overwhelmed, there are also interior design services available online to do remotely or you can hire a personal interior designer. Sometimes it is good to live in your space for a bit before making big purchases since your ideas on how to utilize the space may evolve as you spend more time in it. | |
What makes The Blade Itself by Joe Abercrombie good? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What makes The Blade Itself by Joe Abercrombie good?
### Response:
| I re-read this book 7 years later, after recently reading book 4 and book 5 of the series.
Gosh I've forgotten how excellent the first book is. It's hilarious, grim/dark, witty, with a fantastic cast of characters and a nuanced worldbuilding that I'm dying to uncover. | |
What are some things that I could gift a curious toddler? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are some things that I could gift a curious toddler?
### Response:
| Toddlers are at an age where they are very curious and are learning by observing and playing with things around them. Some toys that you could gift a curious toddler are:
* Building blocks
* Picture books
* Simple puzzles
* A scooter
* Toys that play nursery rhymes
* Balls of different sizes
* Bubble gun
... and many more. | |
What is a automatic winding mechanical watch? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is a automatic winding mechanical watch?
### Response:
| A mechanical watch utilizes a non-electronic mechanism to provide the time of day. A mainspring is used to store energy in order for the mechanism to operate. An automatic winding mechanical watch utilizes a free rotating weight to wind the mainspring as the watch is worn on the wrist. In contrast, a manual winding watch requires the wearer to manually wind the mainspring. | |
What are the words of House Footly? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are the words of House Footly?
### Response:
| "Tread Lightly Here" | |
Classify each of the following as either a pokemon or a pokemon trainer: Charmander, Squirtle, Bulbasaur, Ash, Brock, Golem, Arbok | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as either a pokemon or a pokemon trainer: Charmander, Squirtle, Bulbasaur, Ash, Brock, Golem, Arbok
### Response:
| Charmander, Squirtle, Bulbasaur, Golem and Arbok are pokemon. Ash and Brock are pokemon trainers. | |
Identify which car manufacturer is Italian or American: Pagani, Panoz | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Identify which car manufacturer is Italian or American: Pagani, Panoz
### Response:
| Pagani is Italian, Panoz is American | |
Write a friendly email to my teacher asking her to postpone our quiz schedule for tomorrow to next week because our basketball team is in the championship game tonight and all students will be out late celebrating our schools victory with pride! | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Write a friendly email to my teacher asking her to postpone our quiz schedule for tomorrow to next week because our basketball team is in the championship game tonight and all students will be out late celebrating our schools victory with pride!
### Response:
| Dear Mrs. Johnson,
I'm writing to request that you move tomorrows chemistry quiz to next week's class. As you know, our school basketball team is in the conference championship tonight. Most of the student body will either be in attendance or watching on TV (until late into the night.) We expect to win and to be celebrating our wonderful schools accomplishments. Given that this is such a great opportunity for our school to celebrate together, I think more students would attend and also do better on the quiz if it was postponed.
Respectfully,
Your best student Joe | |
Does the position of a dog's tail communicate how it is feeling? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Does the position of a dog's tail communicate how it is feeling?
### Response:
| Yes, the position of a dog's tail will communicate how the dog is feeling. For example, if a dog's tail wags back and forth, the dog feels relaxed. If a dog's tail is standing straight up, the dog is alert and tense. When a dog's tail is tucked down low, it is nervous. If the dog's tail is moving in circles, the dog is happy. | |
Give me a list of the best PC games of all time. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Give me a list of the best PC games of all time.
### Response:
| Disco Elysium: The Final Cut
Half-Life 2
Grand Theft Auto V
The Orange Box
Half-Life
BioShock
Baldur's Gate II: Shadows of Amn
Persona 5 Royal
Portal 2
The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim | |
Does Alaska have six months of darkness and six months of light? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Does Alaska have six months of darkness and six months of light?
### Response:
| Contrary to what many people assume, Alaska does not have six exact months of darkness and six months of light. Depending on the time of year and the tilt of the Earth on its axis, Alaska will receive significantly less or more daylight than the contiguous United States due to how much closer the land is positioned near the North Pole. The further away from the equator means the more extreme the sun exposure or darkness will be. The northernmost city in Alaska, Utqiagvik, will be plunged in perpetual darkness for 64 days in the winter time; conversely, in the summer time, a similar amount of time will experience perpetual sunlight. | |
if i wanted to ski the best snow on earth where would i go | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
if i wanted to ski the best snow on earth where would i go
### Response:
| utah | |
What is significant about Octavia Butler? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is significant about Octavia Butler?
### Input:
Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an American science fiction author and a multiple recipient of the Hugo and Nebula awards. In 1995, Butler became the first science-fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship. Born in Pasadena, California, Butler was raised by her widowed mother. Extremely shy as a child, Butler found an outlet at the library reading fantasy, and in writing. She began writing science fiction as a teenager. She attended community college during the Black Power movement. While participating in a local writer's workshop, she was encouraged to attend the Clarion Workshop, then held in Pennsylvania, which focused on science fiction.
### Response:
| Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an American science fiction author and a multiple recipient of the Hugo and Nebula awards. In 1995, Butler became the first science-fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship. Born in Pasadena, California, Butler was raised by her widowed mother. Extremely shy as a child, Butler found an outlet at the library reading fantasy, and in writing. She began writing science fiction as a teenager. She attended community college during the Black Power movement. While participating in a local writer's workshop, she was encouraged to attend the Clarion Workshop, then held in Pennsylvania, which focused on science fiction. | She was the first science fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship. |
List the types of chess pieces | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
List the types of chess pieces
### Input:
Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no use of dice or cards. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. White moves first, followed by Black. Checkmating the opponent's king involves putting the king under immediate attack (in "check") whereby there is no way for it to escape. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw.
### Response:
| Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no use of dice or cards. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. White moves first, followed by Black. Checkmating the opponent's king involves putting the king under immediate attack (in "check") whereby there is no way for it to escape. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw. | Pawn, knight, bishop, rook, queen and king |
Is a person with dark brown hair considered a brunette? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Is a person with dark brown hair considered a brunette?
### Response:
| Yes, a brunette is a person with brown or black hair color. It typically refers to people with darker hair color which includes black and dark brown hair. There is no separate term for people with black hair. Brunette refers to a female with darker hair and and brunet refers to a male with darker hair. | |
Describe a plan for a road trip across Northern Italy | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Describe a plan for a road trip across Northern Italy
### Response:
| Begin your trip in Turin, an important centre of Piedmont with a rich cultural history and host of the 2006 Winter Olympics. Next, move to Alba and visit the vineyards, taking day trips to towns such as Barolo and Barbaresco.
After this, you can continue moving east to Parma, a great place for the foodie searching for Prosciutto. Close by is Modena, home of the luxury automotive industry in Italy - Ferrari, Lamborghini, De Tomaso, Pagani and Maserati all have had (or still have) headquarters here.
Bologna is a fine place to finish your trip | |
What is the difference between their, there, and they're? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is the difference between their, there, and they're?
### Response:
| Their, there, and they're are homophones. Homophones are words that sound similar but have different meanings and spellings. Their is a possessive pronoun, as in "their bicycle is green". They're is a contraction of "they are", as in "they're going to the game tomorrow". There is an adjective, as in "she is always there for her friends". There can also be used as a noun, as in "stay out of there", or as an adverb, as in "stop over there". | |
Who wrote the second episode of season four of Game of Thrones? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Who wrote the second episode of season four of Game of Thrones?
### Response:
| George R.R. Martin wrote "The Lion and the Rose." The TV series is also based off of his series, A Song of Ice and Fire. | |
How to bake the perfect flourless cheesecake? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How to bake the perfect flourless cheesecake?
### Response:
| 1. Assemble the following ingredients: 500 gm quark, mascarpone cheese 250gm (alternatively cream cheese 420gm and heavy cream 200gm), 3 eggs, 2 egg yolks, 50gm sugar, lemon juice 10gm (2 teaspoons). Make sure that all ingredients are at room temperature.
2. Crack the eggs and whisk them until they form a smooth mixture. Don't overdo it.
3. In a mixing bowl, add the quark, mascarpone cheese and sugar. Mix till it is well incorporated. Then gradually add the whisked eggs.
4. Whisk the mixture while adding the lemon juice. You may add a flavouring essence of your choice, such as vanilla. Blend everything well.
5. Preheat the oven at 210 degree Celsius.
6. Apply butter on the inner sides and bottom of the baking tin and stick butter paper or baking paper to cover all inner surfaces.
7. Pour the batter prepared in step 4 into the baking tin and put the tin in the preheated oven
8. Bake for 20-25 minutes until the top of the cheesecake is burnt to a shade of brown.
9. Remove the baking tin from the oven and let it cool down in open air
10. Once cooled, chill the cheesecake in the fridge overnight for then best taste and texture. However it can also be enjoyed without refrigerating. | |
Give me a list of the best rappers of all time | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Give me a list of the best rappers of all time
### Response:
| Eminem
Andre 3000
Tupac
Jay-Z
Kanye West
Kendrick Lamar
Lauryn Hill
Nas | |
When was the last flight of Concorde? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
When was the last flight of Concorde?
### Response:
| On 26 November 2003 | |
Who introduced primogeniture into East Frisia? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Who introduced primogeniture into East Frisia?
### Input:
Johan I of East Frisia (1506–1572) was a member of the house of Cirksena and a non-reigning Count of East Frisia and later imperial governor of Limburg. His father, Edzard the Great, had introduced primogeniture in the county of East Frisia, so that his older brother Enno II of East Frisia inherited the county alone and he had to hold back. Despite his ambitions, he always acknowledged his brother's rights and did not dispute the inheritance.
### Response:
| Johan I of East Frisia (1506–1572) was a member of the house of Cirksena and a non-reigning Count of East Frisia and later imperial governor of Limburg. His father, Edzard the Great, had introduced primogeniture in the county of East Frisia, so that his older brother Enno II of East Frisia inherited the county alone and he had to hold back. Despite his ambitions, he always acknowledged his brother's rights and did not dispute the inheritance. | Edzard the Great |
Give me a list of some American states which border Mexico | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Give me a list of some American states which border Mexico
### Response:
| California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas all border Mexico | |
Which TV show features a team of teenagers that power up with powers given to them by Zordon to save the world from monsters? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which TV show features a team of teenagers that power up with powers given to them by Zordon to save the world from monsters?
### Response:
| The Mighty Morphin Power Rangers. | |
When did Felix Luna die? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
When did Felix Luna die?
### Input:
Félix César Luna (30 September 1925 – 5 November 2009) was an Argentine writer, lyricist and historian.
### Response:
| Félix César Luna (30 September 1925 – 5 November 2009) was an Argentine writer, lyricist and historian. | Felix Luna died on November 5th, 2009 |
How to travel from Hamburg to Munich? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How to travel from Hamburg to Munich?
### Response:
| There are several options to travel from Hamburg to Munich in Germany. Flying is the quickest way to travel between the two cities, there are direct connections with a flight time of around 1 hour 15 minutes. However it can also be the most expensive option and has a high carbon emission. Going by train takes about 6 hours, has less carbon emission and can be a cheaper option. You can also drive by car, the distance is about 800 kilometres and takes around 8 hours. | |
Why Indians are so beautiful | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Why Indians are so beautiful
### Response:
| Indians have many culture and the color of Asian subcontinent skin is makes them looks exceptional. Indian are Vibrant | |
Who is considered the G.O.A.T. in basketball? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Who is considered the G.O.A.T. in basketball?
### Response:
| Michael Jordan, Lebron James, Kobe Bryant | |
Is tempeh a vegetarian food? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Is tempeh a vegetarian food?
### Response:
| Yes, tempeh is a plant based food | |
Give me a list of the past five United Kingdom Prime Ministers | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Give me a list of the past five United Kingdom Prime Ministers
### Response:
| The last five UK Prime Ministers, including the current are:
1. Rishi Sunak (since 2022)
2. Elizabeth Truss (2022)
3. Boris Johnson (2019-2022)
4. Theresa May (2016-2019)
5. David Cameron (2010-2016) | |
What is C++? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is C++?
### Response:
| C++ (pronounced "C plus plus") is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup. First released in 1985 as an extension of the C programming language, it has since expanded significantly over time; modern C++ currently has object-oriented, generic, and functional features, in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers, including the Free Software Foundation, LLVM, Microsoft, Intel, Embarcadero, Oracle, and IBM. | |
Can you tell me the root of these language? Hebrew. English, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Arabic, Farsi, Italian | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Can you tell me the root of these language? Hebrew. English, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Arabic, Farsi, Italian
### Response:
| Yes sure!
Hebrew root is Northwest Semitic language
English is of Germanic origins
Spanish is of Latin origins
Portuguese is of Latin origins
Romanian is of Latin origins
Arabic is a Semitic language
Farsi is of west Iranian origins
Italian is of Latin origins | |
What is an enzyme inhibitor? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is an enzyme inhibitor?
### Response:
| An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme's active site, or another site on the enzyme, and blocks the enzyme's catalysis of the reaction. Enzyme inhibitors are generally specific to one enzyme and control that enzyme's activity. They also control essential enzymes such as proteases or nucleases that, if left unchecked, may damage a cell.
Many poisons produced by animals or plants are enzyme inhibitors, and many drug molecules are enzyme inhibitors that inhibit an aberrant human enzyme or an enzyme critical for the survival of a pathogen. Since anti-pathogen inhibitors generally target only one enzyme, such drugs are highly specific and generally produce few side effects in humans.
Medicinal enzyme inhibitors often have low dissociation constants, meaning a minute amount of the inhibitor will inhibit the enzyme. The discovery of enzyme inhibitors and their refinement are researched in biochemistry and pharmacology. | |
Should we continue to use Daylight savings? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Should we continue to use Daylight savings?
### Response:
| While it is hard for our bodies to adjust to and oftentimes inconvenient, daylight savings time should be maintained in the USA as it saves energy, money, and lives.
Daylight savings, though sometimes disrupting, helps to limit the energy wasted by Americans during the summer months. Source A reveals that, beginning in the USA in 1918, daylight saving time was originally a way to reduce energy usage during World War I. While it was repealed shortly thereafter, daylight savings was again suggested by President Roosevelt during World War II. Though inconvenient, Americans did take notice of the benefits: saving money on energy. The continued testing of daylight savings’ effects on Americans lasted through the 20th century and was written into law in 2005. Despite the skepticism from Americans over the potential drawbacks of daylight saving, the reaped benefits of saved energy and money mutually benefited the American government, economy, and citizens, all of which are still benefitting today.
The ability to save unnecessary energy now benefit’s the American economy in the long run. In Source B, Longley cites a 1970s study by the U.S. Department of Transportation, which revealed that while daylight savings is in effect, America's electricity consumption is reduced by about one percent. Reducing one percent of America’s energy consumption would save Americans money. Also in Source B is the proposal for a provision to the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which would extend daylight savings an extra month and would allow oil drilling in Alaska, both of which would boost the American economy. The extension of daylight savings would overall save more money than it would spend.
Despite the beneficial economic aspects of daylight saving, many dislike the time change because it affects their body schedules and daily routines. Source E claims that when the clock is moved forward or back, the body’s internal clock cannot adjust so quickly, leading to restlessness, sleep disruption, and shorter sleeping periods. The time change has also been found to link with increased heart attacks, suicides, and accidents. While the body’s internal clock may take a longer time to adjust to daylight savings time, it doesn’t outweigh the economic benefits the USA gains as a whole. Source E cites a study of 55,000 people whose sleep schedules were tracked after the time change, claiming that the subjects tended to sleep on standard time rather than daylight time, not taking into account the potential variables of age, weekend events or activities, or even the body’s natural reaction to wake up at a certain time. The study also reveals no harmful effects of the difference between sleeping on standard versus daylight savings time.
While Source E argued that daylight savings time had more dangerous effects on people than remaining on standard time, daylight savings time can actually benefit people’s safety. In Source C, a cited study by the U.S. Department of Transportation found that during daylight saving time, there was a severe reduction in crime by ten to thirteen percent. By changing the clocks and altering the amount of sunlight during the day, people were generally less likely to become involved in any street crime taking place. The Department of Transportation also found that daylight savings time helped to increase traffic safety, as the clocks were altered to match the periods of daylight, causing fewer accidents. Daylight savings overall led to safer daily activities, while still saving money and energy.
Daylight savings has been long disputed over: should we inconvenience ourselves just to save a little energy? Despite many people’s dislike of the changing times, daylight savings is generally beneficial to America, as it saves energy, reduces energy costs and bills for Americans, and creates a safer environment for people to live in. Daylight savings time should be continued as it ultimately benefits the American public as a whole. | |
Give me a bulleted list of reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of all time. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Give me a bulleted list of reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of all time.
### Response:
| The following are reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player:
1. He has won 7 Ballon d'Or awards
2. He has won 4 Champions League titles
3. He won the World Cup
4. He won the Copa America
5. He has over 800 goals and over 300 assists in his career | |
What are some examples of a woodwind instrument? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are some examples of a woodwind instrument?
### Response:
| Some examples of woodwind instruments include flute, clarinet, and oboe. | |
What is JSON? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is JSON?
### Response:
| JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It is easy for machines to parse and generate. It is a common data format with diverse uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers. | |
What's the largest bird in the world? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What's the largest bird in the world?
### Response:
| Ostrich | |
What are the official languages of Canada? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are the official languages of Canada?
### Response:
| The official languages of Canada are English and French. | |
How do I change a light bulb? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How do I change a light bulb?
### Response:
| In order to change a light bulb, you will first need to find a replacement. Make sure to disable power to the bulb before removing or installing it. You can find the size, type, and wattage written on the bulb you are trying to replace. If the information isn't on the bulb, you can take the bulb with you to the store to help you match it to a replacement. Remove the dead bulb and install the replacement. Then restore power to the bulb to test it. | |
How should I choose what cheese to buy? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How should I choose what cheese to buy?
### Response:
| There are many different types of cheese, so choosing what cheese to buy depends on personal preference, availability, and intended use. Washed-rind cheeses are often strongly flavored and runny so are best as a topping for bread or crackers. Harder cheeses can be eaten as a snack or grated on top of pasta. | |
Which of the following wars took place in the twentieth century: World War II, American Revolution, French Revolution, Hundred Years War, and the Vietnam War? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which of the following wars took place in the twentieth century: World War II, American Revolution, French Revolution, Hundred Years War, and the Vietnam War?
### Response:
| World War II and the Vietnam war took place in the twentieth century. | |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Zill, Epinette des Vosges | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Zill, Epinette des Vosges
### Response:
| Epinette des Vosges is string, Zill is percussion. | |
Why do i see a dark section near the CD Drive ring, when looked from a tilted angle? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Why do i see a dark section near the CD Drive ring, when looked from a tilted angle?
### Response:
| Those darker regions closer to the ring lock on CD Drive are an indication of how much of the CD Drive space is written with data. CD Drive has sectors and the rpm of the CD drive Optical Reader will read these sectors and show it into the file system of the operating system you are using. The dark section does not necessarily show how much is available space but can be an indicator of if the CD drive is empty | |
Tell me about toys that can help children learn to write. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Tell me about toys that can help children learn to write.
### Response:
| Toys that help children learn to write typically involve increasing their hand strength and gross motor skills: toys such as play-doh and blocks increase hand strength. Also, practicing writing letters in sand prepares them for the motion of writing. | |
Classify the celebrities based on whether they were born in 1990 or 1991.
Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence, Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Classify the celebrities based on whether they were born in 1990 or 1991.
Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence, Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth
### Response:
| Born in 1990 - Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence
Born in 1991 - Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth | |
What makes a good cocktail? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What makes a good cocktail?
### Response:
| There are many elements to a good cocktail, and these can often be modified to fit individual tastes. In general, a cocktail contains a base spirit, flavors from bitters or amaros, and something to sweeten. There are optional ingredients to add as well, like fruit, juice, or herbs.
The amount of each ingredient can vary the flavor significantly, so it is important to understand the impact of each ingredient. For example, very strong flavors like bitters or absinthe should be used in very small quantities. Sometimes even a rinse in the cocktail glass or spritz on the top of the prepared cocktail is enough to add the desired amount of flavor.
A good cocktail comes about from a balance in flavors that build and develop off one another. The deep wooden flavor in whiskey is brightened by the citrus twist of an old fashioned. The sweetness from pineapple juice is deepened by the bitterness of campari in a jungle bird. The bitterness of ginger syrup is balanced with the tartness of lemon juice in a penicillin.
Many newer cocktails are spins off a classic. Each builds off a flavor profile and modifies some of the more subtle flavors therein. If one wants to experiment with creating a new cocktail, starting with a classic favorite could be a good place to start.
It is also possible to create the same balanced flavors without the use of spirits (or with the use of alcohol free spirits). | |
Is organic food healthier? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Is organic food healthier?
### Response:
| Whether a food is organic or not does not change the nutritional value of those foods. The idea that organic food is healthier than non organic food can be supported by the premise that potential chemicals or pesticides found in or non organic food are harmful and therefore unhealthy. | |
Tell me whether these athletes play or have played in the National Football League (NFL) or the National Basketball Association (NBA): Kobe Bryant, Kawhi Leonard, LeBron James, Larry Bird, Michael Jordan | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Tell me whether these athletes play or have played in the National Football League (NFL) or the National Basketball Association (NBA): Kobe Bryant, Kawhi Leonard, LeBron James, Larry Bird, Michael Jordan
### Response:
| National Basketball Association (NBA) | |
What's the different between a plantain and a banana? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What's the different between a plantain and a banana?
### Response:
| Plantains are a type of banana, which are a family edible fruits from the genus Musa. In the West, "bananas" refer the sweet, yellow type. Plantains are a starchy variety that are typically cooked. | |
Who won the 2016 Nobel Prize? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Who won the 2016 Nobel Prize?
### Input:
The word "autophagy" was in existence and frequently used from the middle of the 19th century.[11] In its present usage, the term autophagy was coined by Belgian biochemist Christian de Duve in 1963 based on his discovery of the functions of lysosome.[3] The identification of autophagy-related genes in yeast in the 1990s allowed researchers to deduce the mechanisms of autophagy,[12][13][14][15][16] which eventually led to the award of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.[17]
### Response:
| The word "autophagy" was in existence and frequently used from the middle of the 19th century.[11] In its present usage, the term autophagy was coined by Belgian biochemist Christian de Duve in 1963 based on his discovery of the functions of lysosome.[3] The identification of autophagy-related genes in yeast in the 1990s allowed researchers to deduce the mechanisms of autophagy,[12][13][14][15][16] which eventually led to the award of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.[17] | The Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi. |
What is the difference in the US between a stop sign and a traffic light? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is the difference in the US between a stop sign and a traffic light?
### Response:
| A stop sign is a red, eight-sided metal sign that requires a driver to stop and then proceed when it is safe to do so. Many intersections have either two or four stop signs. When more than one car arrives at the intersection, the car that arrived first has the right of way. If more than one car arrives at the same time, then the car to the right has the right of way. An electric traffic light typically has three different signals: red indicates drivers should stop until the light changes; a yellow light indicates that the driver should stop if it is safe to do so because the signal is changing from red to green; and a green light means that drivers may proceed through the intersection without stopping. | |
Unicorns, sharks, dragons, pythons, minotaurs, alligators, platypuses and griffins. Which of these creatures are real, and which are imaginary? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Unicorns, sharks, dragons, pythons, minotaurs, alligators, platypuses and griffins. Which of these creatures are real, and which are imaginary?
### Response:
| Sharks, pythons, alligators and platypuses are all real creatures. Unicorns, dragons, minotaurs and griffins are all imaginary creatures. | |
What is JavaScript? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is JavaScript?
### Response:
| JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language that is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS. As of 2022, 98% of websites use JavaScript on the client side for webpage behavior, often incorporating third-party libraries. All major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute the code on users' devices. | |
Can you suggest 3 disadvantages of Genetic modification technologies like CRISPR ? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Can you suggest 3 disadvantages of Genetic modification technologies like CRISPR ?
### Response:
| 1.Uncontrollable mutations
2.Uncontrollable population growth
3.Strong ethical concerns about discrimination | |
Tell me which of these countries has more than 1 billion populations: Japan, Canada, United States, Russia | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Tell me which of these countries has more than 1 billion populations: Japan, Canada, United States, Russia
### Response:
| None of these | |
When was Heineken founded? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
When was Heineken founded?
### Response:
| Heineken was founded on February 15th 1864 in Amsterdam. Heineken is a well know beer brand. | |
What is fractional-reserve banking? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is fractional-reserve banking?
### Response:
| Fractional-reserve banking is the system of banking operating in almost all countries worldwide, under which banks that take deposits from the public are required to hold a proportion of their deposit liabilities in liquid assets as a reserve, and are at liberty to lend the remainder to borrowers. Bank reserves are held as cash in the bank or as balances in the bank's account at the central bank. The country's central bank determines the minimum amount that banks must hold in liquid assets, called the "reserve requirement" or "reserve ratio". Most commercial banks hold more than this minimum amount as excess reserves.
Bank deposits are usually of a relatively short-term duration, and may be "at call", while loans made by banks tend to be longer-term, resulting in a risk that customers may at any time collectively wish to withdraw cash out of their accounts in excess of the bank reserves. The reserves only provide liquidity to cover withdrawals within the normal pattern. Banks and the central bank expect that in normal circumstances only a proportion of deposits will be withdrawn at the same time, and that reserves will be sufficient to meet the demand for cash. However, banks may find themselves in a shortfall situation when depositors wish to withdraw more funds than the reserves held by the bank. In that event, the bank experiencing the liquidity shortfall may borrow short-term funds in the interbank lending market from banks with a surplus. In exceptional situations, such as during an unexpected bank run, the central bank may provide funds to cover the short-term shortfall as lender of last resort. | |
give me a bulleted list of ways to get to the other side of a lake. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
give me a bulleted list of ways to get to the other side of a lake.
### Response:
| - walk across the suspension bridge hovering over the lake
- swim across the lake
- if you are a scorpion, hitch a ride on a frogs back and behave
- canoe across the lake
- drive around the lake and reach the other side
- zip line across the lake
- skate across the lake in the winter when the lake is frozen
- water ski across the lake
- lay on a float and hope you end up on the other side of the lake
- drain the lake and walk across on the lake bed
- take a ferry across the lake
- scuba dive across the lake | |
What are the best Classic Rock bands? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are the best Classic Rock bands?
### Response:
| While subjective, most Classic Rocks fans would all agree that Led Zeppelin, The Who, Pink Floyd, Cream, The Doors, Queen, The Rolling Stones, Yes, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, The Moody Blues and Allman Brothers would all make the list. There are many others like the Beatles and Grateful Dead etc that might be considered Classic Rock but also fall in other genres. | |
What are some of the reasons people like to visit Brazil? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What are some of the reasons people like to visit Brazil?
### Response:
| Brazil is a South American country with a diverse landscape and cultural mix. From subtropical grasslands in the South to drier biomes in the northeast to the Amazon rainforest, many people visit the country to experience one of the world's biodiverse hotspots. Several species are endemic to Brazil, particularly in the Amazon region. The country is also known for a culture that blends European, African and Indigenous influences. Many visitors are intrigued by its diverse culture. The nation received many migrants from all over the world in the 19th and 20th centuries, leading to the largest Japanese community outside of Japan, largest Italian population outside of Italy, and the largest population of SubSaharan African descent outside of Nigeria. Many of the cultural expressions of Brazil - capoeira, the large Carnaval parades, Brazilian soccer and jiu-jitsu - have found a devotees outside of the country. | |
What does FAS, MTO and ATO stand for? | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What does FAS, MTO and ATO stand for?
### Input:
Final Assembly Schedule, often abbreviated as FAS and sometimes referred to as finishing schedule, is a schedule of end items to finish the product for specific customer orders in a make to order (MTO) or assemble-to-order (ATO) environment.
### Response:
| Final Assembly Schedule, often abbreviated as FAS and sometimes referred to as finishing schedule, is a schedule of end items to finish the product for specific customer orders in a make to order (MTO) or assemble-to-order (ATO) environment. | FAS = Final Assembly Schedule
MTO = make to order
ATO = assemble-to-order |
What is the purpose of a shot clock in basketball? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is the purpose of a shot clock in basketball?
### Response:
| The shot clock is intended to increase the pace of play. By having a limited amount of time to shoot, teams are encouraged to shoot more frequently, leading to a faster moving game. | |
Any tips for figuring out where to enter the water when surfing a new beach? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Any tips for figuring out where to enter the water when surfing a new beach?
### Response:
| There is a lot of local knowledge required to be efficient at entering the water of a new beach. It helps to know what kind of a wave break it is - is it a surf break or a reef break for example. But if you see others in the water and it looks like a reasonable surf spot then here are a couple of pointers. First, stand on the beach and watch what is happening for 3-5 minutes. You'll soak up a lot just taking the time to really observe. Second, check-out where the other surfers are entering and where they are swimming out to. Obvious, I know, but surprisingly people will sometimes skip this step. Third, see if you can figure out where the channels are - he channel is where the waves are breaking towards. If you see two waves coming toward the shore in synchronization with each other, but separated by a patch of calmer water in between - the channel is typically below that calmer water. | |
What is epistatis? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is epistatis?
### Response:
| Epistasis is a phenomenon in genetics in which the effect of a gene mutation is dependent on the presence or absence of mutations in one or more other genes, respectively termed modifier genes. In other words, the effect of the mutation is dependent on the genetic background in which it appears. Epistatic mutations therefore have different effects on their own than when they occur together. Originally, the term epistasis specifically meant that the effect of a gene variant is masked by that of a different gene.
The concept of epistasis originated in genetics in 1907 but is now used in biochemistry, computational biology and evolutionary biology. The phenomenon arises due to interactions, either between genes (such as mutations also being needed in regulators of gene expression) or within them (multiple mutations being needed before the gene loses function), leading to non-linear effects. Epistasis has a great influence on the shape of evolutionary landscapes, which leads to profound consequences for evolution and for the evolvability of phenotypic traits. | |
What is Twenty20 or T20 in cricket? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is Twenty20 or T20 in cricket?
### Response:
| Twenty20 or T20 for short is a shortened version of the game of cricket in which each side faces a maximum of 20 overs. The game typically lasts about 4 hours with a quick turn between innings unlike other forms of the game, thus increasing its viewership and popularity.
This format was introduced by the England Cricket Board in an inter-county competition back in 2003. Since then, its become really popular with several international competitions and country wide leagues across all the major cricket playing nations world wide | |
Extract the names of the islands located on the Eastern Group of the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma. | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Extract the names of the islands located on the Eastern Group of the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma.
### Input:
These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo.
### Response:
| These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo. | Flores and Corvo |
Imagine you have won the lottery, and have 5 million dollars after tax to spend in San Francisco, where you currently rent a 2 bedroom apartment with three roommates who are your best friends but who you hate living. Describe how you would use the money, keeping in mind you don't have a high paying job so you want to do fun things and also set yourself up for the future. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Imagine you have won the lottery, and have 5 million dollars after tax to spend in San Francisco, where you currently rent a 2 bedroom apartment with three roommates who are your best friends but who you hate living. Describe how you would use the money, keeping in mind you don't have a high paying job so you want to do fun things and also set yourself up for the future.
### Response:
| First, I would use half the money to buy myself my own home in San Francisco. I wouldn't buy anything too fancy, but I would want my own place in a good neighborhood where I wouldn't have to share a room with a roommate. With the remaining 2.5 million I'd set aside 500 thousand in an account for future maintenance of the house and property taxes. Then I'd put aside 1 million for my retirement savings, putting it in a longterm investment account. With the remaining million, I'd use another 500k for short term savings, and put that in a more aggressive investment. I'd spend the rest of the money on a few fun items, like taking a big trip with all of my roommates and buying a new car and some nice clothing. For our trip, we'd live the life of luxury, taking first class flights and staying in nice resorts across the world, visiting places like Paris, Rome, Singapore and Tahiti. | |
Classify each of the following as being part of a car, house, or both: window, steering wheel, air conditioner, couch, kitchen, engine | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as being part of a car, house, or both: window, steering wheel, air conditioner, couch, kitchen, engine
### Response:
| Window: Both
Steering Wheel: Car
Air Conditioner: Both
Couch: Car
Kitchen: House
Engine: Car | |
Who is Oren Middlebrook | Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Who is Oren Middlebrook
### Input:
Oren Middlebrook (born January 23, 1953) is a former American football wide receiver. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1978.[1][2]
### Response:
| Oren Middlebrook (born January 23, 1953) is a former American football wide receiver. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1978.[1][2] | Oren Middlebrook (born January 23, 1953) is a former American football wide receiver. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1978. |
How many bridges are in the Florida Keys? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
How many bridges are in the Florida Keys?
### Response:
| A modern wonder, the 113 miles of roadway from Key Largo to Key West incorporates an astonishing 42 bridges leapfrogging from key to key in a series of giant arches of concrete and steel over the open waters of the Atlantic Ocean, Florida Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. | |
Who is the first king in China history? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Who is the first king in China history?
### Response:
| Qin Shi Huang (Chinese: 秦始皇, 259–210 BC) was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of a unified China. Rather than maintain the title of "king" (王 wáng) borne by the previous Shang and Zhou rulers, he ruled as the First Emperor (始皇帝) of the Qin dynasty from 221 to 210 BC. His self-invented title "emperor" (皇帝 huángdì) would continue to be borne by Chinese rulers for the next two millennia. | |
Which of the following drinks are considered safe for children? Beer, cocktail, coffee, tea, boba, juice, water, milk, coke, lemonade. | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which of the following drinks are considered safe for children? Beer, cocktail, coffee, tea, boba, juice, water, milk, coke, lemonade.
### Response:
| Water, lemonade, milk, and juice are generally safe for children, even though excessive intake of lemonade / juice can lead to obesity / dental problems. Coffee, tea, boba and coke should be limited (if not completely avoided) since they contain caffeine. Alcoholic drinks like beer and cocktail are not safe for children and should be avoided completely. | |
Which numbers between 1 to 10 are prime numbers and which are composite numbers? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which numbers between 1 to 10 are prime numbers and which are composite numbers?
### Response:
| 2,3,5,7 are prime numbers. 4,6,8,9,10 are composite numbers. | |
Which is a species of fish? Snook or Sneak | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Which is a species of fish? Snook or Sneak
### Response:
| Snook | |
What is Luxembourg? | Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
What is Luxembourg?
### Response:
| Luxembourg is a country in Western Europe surrounded by Belgium, France and Germany |
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