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Chapter\t33\n).\tThickened\tliquids\tand\ttexture-\nmodified\tfoods\tcan\thelp\tpeople\twith\tdysphagia\teat\tsafely\t(see\t\nAppendix\t20\n).\nGastric\tchanges\talso\tcan\toccur.\tEarly\tsatiety\tdue\tto\tage-related\tchanges\tin\n\tthe\tstomach\tin\ncombination\twith\timpaired\tgastric\tmucosal\tfunction\tleads\tto\t... | [
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result\tin\tulcers,\tcancer,\tand\tinfections.\tGastritis\tcauses\tinflammation\tand\tpain,\tdelayed\tgastric\nemptying,\tand\tdiscomfort.\tThese\taffect\tthe\tbioavailability\tof\tnutrients\tsuch\tas\tcalcium,\tB\n12,\n\tand\tzinc\nand\tincrease\tthe\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\ta\tchronic\tdeficiency\tdisease.\nAchlorhydri... | [
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Achlorhydria\n\tis\n\tthe\tinsufficient\tproduction\tof\tstomach\tacid.\tSufficient\tstomach\tacid\tand\tintrinsic\nfactor\tare\trequired\tfor\tthe\tabsorption\tof\tvitamin\tB\n12\n.\tAlthough\tsubstantial\tamounts\tare\tstored\tin\tthe\nliver,\tB\n12\n\tdeficiency\tdoes\toccur.\tSymptoms\tcan\toften\tbe\tmisdiagnosed\... | [
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Alzheimer’s\tdisease\tor\tother\tchronic\tconditions\tand\tinclude\textreme\tfatigue,\tdementia,\tconfusion,\nand\ttingling\tand\tweakness\n\tin\tthe\tarms\tand\tlegs\t(see\t\nChapter\t39\n).\tIt\thas\tbecome\tcommon\tpractice\tto\nuse\tcalcium\tcarbonate\tantacids\tas\ta\tway\tto\tsupplement\tcalcium\tintake,\tthough\... | [
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contraindicated\tin\tthe\telderly\twho\tare\talready\tat\trisk\tfor\tinadequate\tgastric\tacid.\nConstipation\n\tis\tdefined\tas\thaving\tfewer\tbowel\tmovements\tthan\tusual,\thaving\tdifficulty\tor\nexcessive\tstraining\tat\tstool,\tpainful\tbowel\tmovements,\thard\tstool,\n\tor\tincomplete\temptying\tof\tthe | [
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or\tincomplete\temptying\tof\tthe\nbowel.\tIt\tis\tone\tof\tthe\tmost\tcommon\tdisorders\tin\tthe\tU.S.\tpopulation,\tand\tits\tprevalence\tincreases\nwith\tage.\tPrimary\tcauses\tinclude\tinsufficient\tfluids,\tlack\tof\tphysical\tactivity,\tand\tlow\tintake\tof\ndietary\tfiber.\tStudies\thave\talso\tshown\tthat\tdist... | [
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occur\tin\tolder\tpeople.\tThey\tinclude\tmyenteric\tdysfunction,\tincreased\tcollagen\n\tdeposits\tin\tthe\tleft\ncolon,\treduced\tinhibitory\tnerve\tinput\tto\tthe\tcolon’s\tmuscle\tlayer,\tand\tincreased\tbinding\tof\tplasma\nendorphins\tto\tintestinal\treceptors\t(see\t\nChapter\t27\n).\nDiminished\tanal\tsphincter... | [
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rectal\twall\telasticity\tare\tage-related\tchanges.\tConstipation\talso\tis\tcaused\tby\tsome\tmedications\ncommonly\tused\tin\tolder\tpeople\tsuch\n\tas\tnarcotics\tand\tantidepressants\tthat\tactually\tslow\tintestinal\ntransit.\tDiuretics\tcan\tcause\tdecreased\tstool\tmoisture,\tanother\tcontributing\tfactor\tin\t... | [
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The\tincidence\tof\tdiverticulosis\tincreases\twith\tage.\tHalf\tof\tthe\tpopulation\tolder\tthan\tage\t60\tdevelop\nit,\tbut\tonly\t20%\tof\tthem\thave\tclinical\tmanifestations.\tThe\tmost\tcommon\tproblems\twith\tdiverticular\ndisease\tare\tlower\tabdominal\tpain\n\tand\tdiarrhea\t(see\t\nChapter\t27\n). | [
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disease\tare\tlower\tabdominal\tpain\n\tand\tdiarrhea\t(see\t\nChapter\t27\n).\nEach\tof\tthese\tchanges\tin\tthe\tGI\tcould\thave\tsubstantial\timpact\ton\tthe\toverall\tnutrition\tof\tthe\tolder\nadult\tas\tlimitations\tin\tability\tto\tconsume\tadequate\tfood\tquantity\tcoupled\twith\tdecreased\tnutrient\nabsorption... | [
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absorption\tcan\tresult\tin\tundernutrition.\nCardiovascular\nCVD,\tincluding\theart\tdisease\tand\tstroke,\tis\tthe\tleading\tcause\tof\tdeath\tin\tall\tgenders\tin\tall\tracial\tand\nethnic\n\tgroups\tand\tis\tnot\tnecessarily\ta\tdisease\tof\taging.\tCVD\tage-related\tchanges\tare\textremely | [
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variable\tand\tare\taffected\tby\tenvironmental\tinfluences\tsuch\tas\tsmoking,\texercise,\tand\tdiet.\tChanges\ncan\tinclude\tdecreased\tarterial\twall\tcompliance,\tdecreased\tmaximum\theart\trate,\tdecreased\nresponsiveness\tto\tbeta-adrenergic\tstimuli,\tincreased\tleft\tventricle\tmuscle\tmass,\tand\tslowed\nventr... | [
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ventricular\trelaxation.\tOften\n\tthe\tend\tresult\tof\thypertension\tand\tartery\tdisease\tis\tchronic\theart | [
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failure.\tOne\tin\tnine\thospital\tadmissions\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tinclude\tthe\tdiagnosis\tof\theart\tfailure.\tA\nlow-sodium\tdiet\tand\tfluid\trestriction\tare\tcommonly\tprescribed\tfor\tthis\tcondition.\tThese\tdiet\nrestrictions\tin\tconjunction\twith\tother\tside\teffects\tof\theart\tfailure\toften\tlead\tt... | [
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consumption.\tSee\t\nChapter\t32\n\tfor\n\tdiscussion\tof\tthe\tmultifaceted\tapproach\trequired\tto\tmanage\tCVD\nin\tolder\tadults.\nRenal\nAge-related\tchanges\tin\trenal\tfunction\tvary\ttremendously.\tSome\tolder\tadults\texperience\tlittle\tchange,\nwhereas\tothers\tcan\thave\tdevastating,\tlife-threatening\tchan... | [
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measured\tin\tcreatinine\tclearance\trates,\tdeclines\tby\tapproximately\t8\tto\t10\tmL/min/1.73m\n2\n\tper\ndecade\tafter\n\tage\t30\tto\t35.\tThe\tresulting\tincrease\tin\tserum\tcreatinine\tconcentrations\tshould\tbe\nconsidered\twhen\tdetermining\tmedication\tdosages.\tThe\tprogressive\tdecline\tin\trenal\tfunction... | [
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to\tan\tinability\tto\texcrete\tconcentrated\tor\tdilute\turine,\ta\tdelayed\tresponse\tto\tsodium\tdeprivation\tor\ta\nsodium\tload,\tand\tdelayed\tresponse\tto\tan\tacid\tload.\tRenal\tfunction\tis\talso\taffected\tby\tdehydration,\ndiuretic\tuse,\tand\n\tmedications,\tespecially\tantibiotics\t(see\t\nChapter\t34\n).... | [
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medications,\tespecially\tantibiotics\t(see\t\nChapter\t34\n).\nNeurologic\nThere\tcan\tbe\tsignificant\tage-related\tdeclines\tin\tneurologic\tprocesses.\tCognition,\tsteadiness,\treaction\ntime,\tcoordination,\tgait,\tsensations,\tand\t\nactivities\tof\tdaily\tliving\t(ADLs)\n\t(toileting,\tbathing,\teating, | [
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activities\tof\tdaily\tliving\t(ADLs)\n\t(toileting,\tbathing,\teating,\ndressing)\toften\tdecline\twith\tage,\tbut\tthe\tvelocity\tof\tthe\tdecline\tvaries\tgreatly\tfrom\tone\tindividual\tto\nanother\tand\tis\n\tdependent\ton\tdisease\tas\tmuch\tas\ton\taging.\tOn\taverage,\tthe\tbrain\tloses\t5%\tto\t10%\tof | [
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its\tweight\tbetween\tthe\tages\tof\t20\tand\t90,\tbut\tmost,\tif\tnot\tall,\tneurons\tare\tfunctional\tuntil\tdeath\nunless\ta\tspecific\tpathologic\tcondition\tis\tpresent\t(\nGalvin\tand\tSadowsky,\t2012\n).\nIt\tis\timportant\tto\tmake\tthe\tdistinction\tbetween\tnormal,\tage-related\tdecline\tand\timpairment\tfrom... | [
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conditions\tsuch\tas\tdementia,\ta\tdisease\n\tprocess\t(\nGalvin\tand\tSadowsky,\t2012\n).\tMemory\tdifficulties\tdo\nnot\tnecessarily\tindicate\tdementia,\tAlzheimer’s\tdisease,\tParkinson’s\tdisease,\tor\tany\tmental\tdisorder\n(see\t\nChapters\t39\n\tand\t\n40\n).\tMany\tchanges\tin\tmemory\tcan\tbe\tattributed\tto... | [
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).\tMany\tchanges\tin\tmemory\tcan\tbe\tattributed\tto\tenvironmental\tfactors,\nincluding\tstress,\tchemical\texposure,\tand\tinadequate\tfood\tand\tfluid,\trather\tthan\tto\tphysiologic\nprocesses.\tUrinary\ttract\tinfections\tare\tassociated\n\twith\tchanges\tin\tcognition\tthat\tmimic\tdementia\tbut\nare\treversibl... | [
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are\treversible\twith\ttreatment\t(\nBeveridge\tet\tal,\t2011\n).\tHowever,\teven\tmild\tcognitive\timpairment\tmay\naffect\teating,\tchewing,\tand\tswallowing,\tthus\tincreasing\tthe\trisk\tof\tmalnutrition\t(\nLopes\tda\tSilva\tet\tal,\n2014\n).\tThe\tgreatest\trisk\tfactor\tfor\tdeveloping\tdementia\tis\tin\tfact\ta... | [
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Pressure\tinjuries\nPressure\tinjuries\n,\tformerly\tcalled\tpressure\n\tsores\tand\tbefore\tthat,\tbedsores\tor\tdecubitus\tulcers,\ndevelop\tfrom\tcontinuous\tpressure\tthat\timpedes\tcapillary\tblood\tflow\tto\tskin\tand\tunderlying\ttissue.\nSeveral\tfactors\tcontribute\tto\tthe\tformation\tof\tpressure\tinjuries,\... | [
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circulation,\tobesity,\tand\turinary\tincontinence\tare\tkey.\tOlder\tadults\twith\tneurologic\tproblems,\tthose\nheavily\tsedated,\tand\tthose\twith\tdementia\tare\toften\n\tunable\tto\tshift\tpositions\tto\talleviate\tpressure.\nParalysis,\tincontinence,\tsensory\tlosses,\tand\trigidity\tcan\tcontribute\tto\tthe\tpro... | [
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malnutrition\tand\tundernutrition\t(inadequate\tenergy\tintake)\tset\tthe\tstage\tfor\tits\tdevelopment\tand\ncan\tdelay\twound\thealing.\tThe\tescalating\tchronic\tnature\tof\tpressure\tinjury\tin\tnonambulatory\tor\nsedentary\tindividuals\trequires\tvigilant\tattention\tto\tnutrition.\nThe\tNational\tPressure\tInjury... | [
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0.02468612790107727,
0.0696569457... |
The\tNational\tPressure\tInjury\tAdvisory\tPanel\t(NPIAP),\tformerly\t\nNational\tPressure\tUlcer\tAdvisory\nPanel\t(NPUAP)\n,\tis\tan\tindependent\tnot-for-profit\tprofessional\torganization\tdedicated\tto\tthe\nprevention\tand\tmanagement\tof\tpressure\tinjuries.\tThe\tNPIAP\tBoard\tof\tDirectors\tis\tcomposed\tof | [
-0.010507061146199703,
0.0066315471194684505,
0.025376010686159134,
-0.019423527643084526,
-0.10440269112586975,
0.011367179453372955,
0.10041215270757675,
-0.009561073035001755,
0.04052833095192909,
0.07058940827846527,
0.09905598312616348,
-0.02560405805706978,
0.006462202873080969,
0.03... |
leading\tmultidisciplinary\texperts\twho\tshare\ta\tcommitment\tto\tthe\tprevention\tand\tmanagement\tof\npressure\tinjuries.\nThe\tmission\n\tof\tthe\tNational\tPressure\tInjury\tAdvisory\tPanel\t(NPIAP)\tis\tto\tprovide\tinterprofessional\nleadership\tto\timprove\tpatient\toutcomes\tin\tpressure\tinjury\tprevention\t... | [
-0.0018380905967205763,
0.01757395640015602,
0.03643190488219261,
-0.039889924228191376,
-0.10576239228248596,
0.013795210048556328,
0.06984798610210419,
-0.0006988184759393334,
0.003865513950586319,
0.035605400800704956,
0.10184004157781601,
-0.00942610576748848,
0.016013624146580696,
0.0... |
education,\tpublic\tpolicy\tand\tresearch.\tNPIAP\tprovides\tvital\tpublications\tfor\tmedical,\tnursing\tand\nnutrition\tprofessionals\tworking\tin\tall\thealthcare\tsettings.\nThe\t2019\t\nInternational\tClinical\tPractice\tGuideline\tfor\tthe\n\tPrevention\tand\tTreatment\tof\tPressure\nInjuries\t(CPG)\n\tpresents\t... | [
-0.0013677739771082997,
0.05221616104245186,
0.05205676704645157,
0.02140604518353939,
-0.06562831252813339,
0.032126571983098984,
0.032914578914642334,
0.027072908356785774,
-0.038837578147649765,
0.011422881856560707,
0.0725003331899643,
0.02637653239071369,
-0.0027959304861724377,
-0.01... |
injury\tprevention\tand\ttreatment.\tThe\tnew\tedition\twas\tdeveloped\tas\ta\tfour-year\tcollaboration\nbetween\tthe\tNational\tPressure\tInjury\tAdvisory\tPanel\t(NPIAP),\tthe\tEuropean\tPressure\tUlcer\tAdvisory\nPanel\t(EPUAP)\tand\tthe\tPan\tPacific\tPressure\tInjury\tAlliance\t(PPPIA).\tIt\tprovides\n\ta\tdetaile... | [
-0.005631207022815943,
-0.011850371025502682,
0.08817525953054428,
-0.018340611830353737,
-0.07004141807556152,
0.05462762340903282,
0.08808881789445877,
0.05008833482861519,
0.009248824790120125,
0.07456602901220322,
0.07532984763383865,
-0.02883986569941044,
-0.040829576551914215,
0.0666... |
a\tdetailed\tanalysis\nand\tdiscussion\tof\tavailable\tresearch,\tcritical\tevaluation\tof\tthe\tassumptions\tand\tknowledge\tin\tthe\nfield,\trecommendations\tfor\tclinical\tpractice,\timportant\timplementation\tconsiderations,\ta\tdescription\nof\tthe\tmethodology\tused\tto\tdevelop\tthe\tguideline,\tand\tacknowledgm... | [
0.044394269585609436,
-0.031662195920944214,
0.04657040908932686,
-0.03043888695538044,
-0.11351913213729858,
0.004433292429894209,
0.08091902732849121,
-0.012195180170238018,
0.014937861822545528,
0.05739303678274155,
0.0590372234582901,
-0.027775080874562263,
0.04952669516205788,
0.03160... |
involved\tin\tthe\tdevelopment\tprocess.\tThe\tguideline\tmay\tbe\tpurchased\tat\t\nwww.guidelinesales.com\n.\nSeveral\tclassification\tsystems\tdescribe\tpressure\tinjuries.\tThe\tsix\tstages\tof\tinjury,\tbased\ton\tthe\ndepth\tof\tthe\tsore\tand\tlevel\tof\ttissue\tinvolvement,\tare\tdescribed\tin\t\nTable\t19.2\n.\... | [
0.0016811381792649627,
0.0027035626117140055,
-0.005112387705594301,
-0.01567867211997509,
-0.052178774029016495,
0.009297158569097519,
0.028094304725527763,
0.0028425012715160847,
-0.07205195724964142,
-0.0035879926290363073,
0.1030028760433197,
0.013248970732092857,
0.02309044823050499,
... |
Table\t19.2\n.\tAs\twound\tnutrition\ntends\tto\tequal\twhole-body\tnutrition,\tcoordinated\tefforts\tof\ta\tmultidisciplinary\ttreatment\tteam\tare\nimportant.\tThe\tbenefits\tof\tspecific\tlevels\tof\tenergy\t(30-35\tkcal/kg)\tand\tprotein\t(1.25-1.5\tg/kg)\tfor\nprevention\tof\tpressure\tinjuries\tin\tpatients\tat\t... | [
0.04716808348894119,
0.00297013227827847,
0.026396868750452995,
0.029654962942004204,
-0.09769022464752197,
-0.005073185544461012,
0.05945778638124466,
0.09509629756212234,
-0.05802679434418678,
0.0037894342094659805,
0.08969561755657196,
-0.07473839074373245,
0.029970811679959297,
0.02084... |
guidelines\tare\tnow\tconsidered\tinconclusive.\tThe\t2019\tguidelines\tfocus\ton\tindividualized\tassessment\nby\tthe\tRDN\trather\tthan\tstandardized\tprescriptions.\tHowever\tthe\trecommendation\tabove\tfor\tcalories\nand\tprotein\tremain\tfor\tindividuals\twith\texisting\tpressure\tinjuries.\tAdditionally,\ta\thigh... | [
-0.028708860278129578,
-0.02658199332654476,
0.07032185792922974,
-0.03482305258512497,
-0.10549209266901016,
-0.029294071719050407,
0.05141858756542206,
0.027031436562538147,
-0.0398111417889595,
0.017235899344086647,
0.04001164808869362,
0.007763325236737728,
0.028404710814356804,
0.0222... |
protein\n\tsupplement\tis\trecommended\tfor\tthose\twith\ta\tpressure\tinjury\twho\tare\tmalnourished\tand\nunable\tto\tmeet\ttheir\tneeds\tthrough\tdiet\talone.\tRecommendations\tfor\ta\tprotein\tsupplement\thigh\tin\narginine,\tzinc\tand\tantioxidants\twas\tincluded\tfor\tstage\tII,\tIII\tand\tIV\tpressure\tinjuries\... | [
-0.009392429143190384,
-0.06574127078056335,
0.03825007751584053,
-0.03387969359755516,
-0.07040609419345856,
-0.005398713517934084,
0.10508962720632553,
0.03782978653907776,
-0.03275173529982567,
0.02596009150147438,
0.05481908097863197,
0.002077206503599882,
0.0021014707162976265,
0.0358... |
European\nPressure\tUlcer\tAdvisory\tPanel,\tNational\tPressure\tInjury\tAdvisory\tPanel\tand\tPan\tPacific\tPressure | [
0.04722454026341438,
-0.012871754355728626,
0.026510436087846756,
-0.001760869869031012,
-0.0967298075556755,
-0.0020124956499785185,
0.11025219410657883,
-0.004139947704970837,
0.012917310930788517,
0.00338942208327353,
0.11904527992010117,
-0.1173340380191803,
-0.04432748630642891,
0.029... |
Injury\tAlliance,\t2019\n).\nTABLE\t19.2\nPressure\tInjury\tStages\nDeep\tTissue\tInjury\nDeep\tTissue\tPressure\tInjury:\tPersistent\tnonblanchable\tdeep\tred,\tmaroon,\tor\tpurple\tdiscoloration\nIntact\tor\tnonintact\tskin\twith\tlocalized\tarea\tof\tpersistent\tnonblanchable\tdeep\tred,\tmaroon,\tor\tpurple | [
-0.02460898831486702,
-0.0016997805796563625,
0.04101167991757393,
-0.0749811977148056,
-0.0335572212934494,
0.08913633972406387,
0.11840025335550308,
0.03865400329232216,
-0.004012581426650286,
0.04279737174510956,
0.06453954428434372,
-0.009899317286908627,
0.011109340004622936,
0.056239... |
discoloration\tor\tepidermal\tseparation\trevealing\ta\tdark\twound\tbed\tor\tblood-filled\tblister.\tPain\tand\ntemperature\tchange\toften\tprecede\tskin\n\tcolor\tchanges.\tDiscoloration\tmay\tappear\tdifferently\tin\ndarkly\tpigmented\tskin.\tThis\tinjury\tresults\tfrom\tintense\tand/or\tprolonged\tpressure\tand\tsh... | [
-0.009775266982614994,
-0.03787565603852272,
0.08158525079488754,
-0.007534671109169722,
-0.06677170097827911,
-0.005810405593365431,
0.12121689319610596,
0.011845709756016731,
-0.004698180593550205,
0.03414556756615639,
0.07160749286413193,
-0.02094910480082035,
0.04084979370236397,
0.020... |
at\tthe\tbone-muscle\tinterface.\tThe\twound\tmay\tevolve\trapidly\tto\treveal\tthe\tactual\textent\tof\ttissue\ninjury\tor\tmay\tresolve\twithout\ttissue\tloss.\tIf\tnecrotic\ttissue,\tsubcutaneous\ttissue,\tgranulation\ttissue,\nfascia,\tmuscle,\tor\tother\tunderlying\tstructures\n\tare\tvisible,\tthis\tindicates\ta\... | [
0.009738251566886902,
-0.04672654718160629,
0.07260343432426453,
-0.015338243916630745,
-0.13676047325134277,
-0.024459458887577057,
0.05711693689227104,
-0.03334987163543701,
-0.01568581722676754,
0.07171359658241272,
0.10177595913410187,
-0.0373905710875988,
0.04653855785727501,
0.009353... |
are\tvisible,\tthis\tindicates\ta\tfull\tthickness\tpressure\ninjury\t(unstageable,\tstage\t3\tor\tstage\t4).\tDo\tnot\tuse\tDeep\tTissue\tPressure\tInjury\t(DTPI)\tto\tdescribe\nvascular,\ttraumatic,\tneuropathic,\tor\tdermatologic\tconditions.\nStage\t1\nStage\t1\tPressure\tInjury:\tNonblanchable\terythema\tof\tintac... | [
0.011487011797726154,
-0.047733597457408905,
0.02165936678647995,
-0.028680751100182533,
-0.1067548468708992,
-0.009685864672064781,
0.08389090746641159,
0.010843990370631218,
-0.011400427669286728,
0.06544813513755798,
0.07198861986398697,
-0.013541551306843758,
0.04232698678970337,
0.093... |
Stage\t1\tPressure\tInjury:\tNonblanchable\terythema\tof\tintact\tskin\nIntact\tskin\twith\ta\tlocalized\tarea\tof\tnonblanchable\terythema,\twhich\tmay\tappear\tdifferently\tin\tdarkly\npigmented\n\tskin.\tPresence\tof\tblanchable\terythema\tor\tchanges\tin\tsensation,\ttemperature,\tor\tfirmness | [
0.0019854900892823935,
-0.01935318484902382,
0.04572552815079689,
-0.041340865194797516,
-0.10054486989974976,
0.019766462966799736,
0.09947296977043152,
-0.0053068590350449085,
0.008362756110727787,
0.017444277182221413,
0.0825800746679306,
-0.055795200169086456,
0.032186150550842285,
0.0... |
may\tprecede\tvisual\tchanges.\tColor\tchanges\tdo\tnot\tinclude\tpurple\tor\tmaroon\tdiscoloration;\tthese\nmay\tindicate\tdeep\ttissue\tpressure\tinjury,\theralding\tsign\tof\trisk.\nStage\t2\nStage\t2\tPressure\tInjury:\tPartial-thickness\tskin\tloss\twith\texposed\tdermis\nPartial-thickness\tloss\tof\tskin\twith\te... | [
-0.010678145103156567,
0.017960449680685997,
0.05721196532249451,
-0.05376608669757843,
-0.06110760569572449,
-0.02420174516737461,
0.09605135023593903,
-0.024492435157299042,
-0.013482942245900631,
0.06113193556666374,
0.07904084771871567,
-0.05389964580535889,
0.10861209779977798,
0.0088... |
bed\tis\tviable,\tpink\tor\tred,\tmoist,\tand\tmay\nalso\tpresent\tas\tan\tintact\tor\truptured\tserum-filled\tblister.\tAdipose\t(fat)\tis\tnot\tvisible\tand\tdeeper\ntissues\tare\tnot\tvisible.\tGranulation\ttissue,\tslough,\tand\teschar\tare\tnot\tpresent.\tThese\tinjuries\ncommonly\tresult\tfrom\tadverse\tmicroclim... | [
0.022887757048010826,
-0.06353717297315598,
0.0704357773065567,
0.00035965756978839636,
-0.0992797315120697,
0.030824262648820877,
0.11494069546461105,
-0.02264857105910778,
0.015053383074700832,
0.049433786422014236,
0.04471490532159805,
-0.04104849696159363,
0.027812929823994637,
0.02159... |
heel.\tThis\tstage\tshould\tnot\tbe\tused\tto\tdescribe\tmoisture\tassociated\n\tskin\tdamage\t(MASD)\tincluding\nincontinence\tassociated\tdermatitis\t(IAD),\tintertriginous\tdermatitis\t(ITD),\tmedical\tadhesive\trelated\nskin\tinjury\t(MARSI),\tor\ttraumatic\twounds\t(skin\ttears,\tburns,\tabrasions).\nStage\t3\nSta... | [
-0.0456402525305748,
-0.06857813149690628,
0.08642247319221497,
-0.025180382654070854,
-0.11016884446144104,
-0.040539637207984924,
0.04972022771835327,
0.061287276446819305,
-0.0655316412448883,
0.03841837868094444,
0.07905955612659454,
-0.007094923406839371,
0.0313933864235878,
0.0871347... |
Stage\t3\nStage\t3\tPressure\tInjury:\tFull-thickness\tskin\tloss\nFull-thickness\tloss\tof\tskin,\tin\twhich\tadipose\t(fat)\tis\tvisible\tin\tthe\tulcer\tand\tgranulation\ttissue\tand\nepibole\t(rolled\twound\tedges)\n\tare\toften\tpresent.\tSlough\tand/or\teschar\tmay\tbe\tvisible.\tThe\tdepth\tof | [
-0.014390186406672001,
-0.03497724235057831,
0.04129992425441742,
-0.034223224967718124,
-0.11204514652490616,
-0.012090767733752728,
0.09607237577438354,
0.02596203237771988,
0.003017993178218603,
0.017246607691049576,
0.07687293738126755,
-0.049269720911979675,
0.0014165330212563276,
0.0... |
are\toften\tpresent.\tSlough\tand/or\teschar\tmay\tbe\tvisible.\tThe\tdepth\tof\ntissue\tdamage\tvaries\tby\tanatomic\tlocation;\tareas\tof\tsignificant\tadiposity\tcan\tdevelop\tdeep\twounds.\nUndermining\tand\ttunneling\tmay\toccur.\tFascia,\tmuscle,\ttendon,\tligament,\tcartilage,\tand/or\tbone\tare | [
0.027656663209199905,
-0.027296196669340134,
0.06509768217802048,
-0.03607892245054245,
-0.06923893839120865,
0.03740501403808594,
0.11037792265415192,
-0.03691937401890755,
0.02745163068175316,
0.06209831312298775,
0.09619072079658508,
-0.03498192876577377,
0.03582698479294777,
0.04344505... |
not\texposed.\tIf\tslough\tor\teschar\tobscures\tthe\textent\tof\ttissue\tloss,\tthis\tis\tan\tunstageable\tpressure\ninjury.\nStage\t4\nStage\t4\n\tPressure\tInjury:\tFull-thickness\tskin\tand\ttissue\tloss\nFull-thickness\tskin\tand\ttissue\tloss\twith\texposed\tor\tdirectly\tpalpable\tfascia,\tmuscle,\ttendon,\tliga... | [
-0.009419730864465237,
0.028311893343925476,
0.027389412745833397,
0.00040733758942224085,
-0.08935950696468353,
-0.0017137544928118587,
0.07819361239671707,
-0.02609473653137684,
0.010502112098038197,
0.04068387299776077,
0.09495300054550171,
0.035947587341070175,
0.0711187794804573,
0.03... |
cartilage,\tor\tbone\tin\tthe\tulcer.\tSlough\tand/or\teschar\tmay\tbe\tvisible.\tEpibole\t(rolled\tedges),\nundermining,\tand/or\ttunneling\toften\toccur.\tDepth\tvaries\tby\tanatomic\tlocation.\tIf\tslough\tor\teschar\nobscures\tthe\textent\tof\ttissue\tloss\tthis\tis\tan\tunstageable\n\tpressure\tinjury.\nUnstageabl... | [
-0.006944796070456505,
-0.03206976130604744,
0.07138991355895996,
-0.028337527066469193,
-0.1095578670501709,
-0.012131748721003532,
0.11017533391714096,
-0.024256523698568344,
-0.0037157759070396423,
0.06861388683319092,
0.13301552832126617,
0.01808285340666771,
0.017222458496689796,
0.03... |
pressure\tinjury.\nUnstageable\nUnstageable\tPressure\tInjury:\tObscured\tfull-thickness\tskin\tand\ttissue\tloss\nFull-thickness\tskin\tand\ttissue\tloss\tin\twhich\tthe\textent\tof\ttissue\tdamage\twithin\tthe\tulcer\tcannot\tbe\nconfirmed\tbecause\tit\tis\tobscured\tby\tslough\tor\teschar.\tIf\tslough\tor\teschar\ti... | [
-0.04743504151701927,
-0.0030772702302783728,
0.023137446492910385,
-0.018674923107028008,
-0.08941975235939026,
-0.019574927166104317,
0.1347990334033966,
-0.01723925769329071,
0.0053317551501095295,
0.026002908125519753,
0.08396843820810318,
-0.03425731137394905,
0.06336438655853271,
0.0... |
stage\t4\tpressure\tinjury\twill\tbe\trevealed.\tStable\teschar\t(i.e.,\tdry,\tadherent,\tintact\twithout\n\terythema,\nor\tfluctuance)\ton\tthe\theel\tor\tischemic\tlimb\tshould\tnot\tbe\tsoftened\tor\tremoved.\nNational\tPressure\tUlcer\tAdvisory\tPanel\t(NPUAP)\tannounces\ta\tchange\tin\tterminology\tfrom\tpressure\... | [
0.004172752145677805,
-0.03126196935772896,
0.05652574822306633,
-0.07369665801525116,
-0.15833869576454163,
-0.009894080460071564,
0.08049620687961578,
-0.023385971784591675,
0.01966189406812191,
0.0392846055328846,
0.09841209650039673,
-0.054415907710790634,
0.042132437229156494,
0.01738... |
of\tpressure\tinjury.\tApril\t2016.\nQuality\tof\tlife\nQuality\tof\tlife\n\tis\ta\tgeneral\tsense\tof\thappiness\tand\tsatisfaction\twith\tone’s\tlife\tand\tenvironment.\nHealth-related\n\tquality\tof\tlife\tis\tthe\tpersonal\tsense\tof\tphysical\tand\tmental\thealth\tand\tthe\tability\tto\nreact\tto\tfactors\tin\tthe... | [
0.035637158900499344,
-0.015223057009279728,
0.05275056138634682,
-0.004946903791278601,
-0.07711070030927658,
0.013311842456459999,
0.06603323668241501,
-0.01918880268931389,
-0.027478650212287903,
0.05880168080329895,
0.09666641801595688,
-0.06687019020318985,
0.029823586344718933,
0.041... |
common\tmeasures\tand\tscales,\teither\tgeneral\tor\tdisease-specific,\tcan\tbe\tused.\tBecause\tolder\tage\noften\tis\tassociated\twith\thealth\tproblems\tand\tdecrease\tin\tfunctionality,\tquality-of-life\tissues\tbecome\nrelevant.\nDepression\nPsychological\tchanges\toften\tmanifest\tas\tdepression,\tand\tits\texten... | [
0.04103785380721092,
-0.06106194108724594,
0.0725424587726593,
-0.020709557458758354,
-0.10352873802185059,
-0.012449808418750763,
0.08251254260540009,
0.004114980343729258,
-0.023536015301942825,
0.0778426006436348,
0.09700219333171844,
-0.04418232664465904,
0.016937343403697014,
0.052029... |
person.\tAmong\tolder\tpersons\tdepression\toften\tis\tcaused\tby\tother\tconditions\tsuch\tas\theart\tdisease,\nstroke,\tdiabetes,\tcancer,\tgrief,\tor\tstress.\tDepression\tin\tolder\tpeople\tfrequently\tis\tundiagnosed\tor\nmisdiagnosed\tbecause\tsymptoms\tare\tconfused\twith\tother\tmedical\tillnesses.\tUntreated\t... | [
-0.018434859812259674,
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0.04091006517410278,
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-0.08535051345825195,
0.018414778634905815,
0.11412768810987473,
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0.055185332894325256,
0.090337373316288,
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0.049874626100063324,
0.0... |
can\thave\tserious\tside\teffects\tfor\tolder\tadults.\tIt\tdiminishes\tthe\tpleasures\tof\tliving,\tincluding\teating;\nit\tcan\texacerbate\tother\tmedical\tconditions;\tand\tit\tcan\tcompromise\timmune\tfunction.\tDepression\tis\nassociated\twith\tdecreased\tappetite,\tweight\tloss,\tand\tfatigue.\tNutritional\tcare\... | [
0.002003698842599988,
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0.076298289000988,
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0.12619881331920624,
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0.060356542468070984,
0.05552811548113823,
-0.03792222961783409,
0.052991706877946854,
0.039... |
in\taddressing\tthis\tcondition\t(see\t\nChapter\t40\n).\tProviding\tnutrient-\tand\tcalorie-dense\tfoods,\n\tadditional\nbeverages,\ttexture-modified\tfoods,\tand\tfavorite\tfoods\tat\ttimes\twhen\tpeople\tare\tmost\tlikely\tto\teat\tthe\ngreatest\tquantity\tcan\tbe\tvery\teffective.\tIn\tthat\tcomorbidities\tlead\tto... | [
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0.06094574183225632,
0.007417327258735895,
-0.03993941470980644,
0.005909349303692579,
0.0986839160323143,
-0.01702280156314373,
0.013168507255613804,
0.029286501929163933,
0.1502961963415146,
-0.0806460827589035,
0.04019802808761597,
-0.011444... |
regarding\tdrug-drug\tinteractions,\tproviders\tmay\tchoose\tto\tomit\tantidepressants,\twhich\tleaves\tthe\ndepression\tuntreated.\nGiven\tthe\tuntoward\tconsequences\tof\tunintentional\tweight\tloss\twith\taging\n\tand\tthe\tlack\tof\tFood\tand\nDrug\tAdministration–approved\tmedications\tfor\tappetite\tstimulation\t... | [
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0.023878835141658783,
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0.007503468543291092,
0.05908196046948433,
0.010027144104242325,
0.03483911231160164,
0.03... |
nutritional\tinterventions\talong\twith\tthe\ttreatment\tof\tunderlying\tconditions\tthat\tcontribute\tto\tweight\nloss,\tsuch\tas\tpoor\tdentition,\tdeserve\tgreater\tattention.\tOne\tantidepressant,\tmirtazapine\t(Remeron),\nhas\thelped\tincrease\tappetite\tand\tweight\tgain\tin\tdepressed\telderly\tpatients.\n\tWith... | [
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0.042180877178907394,
0.051438331604003906,
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0.015164855867624283,
0.12710238993167877,
0.05130935087800026,
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0.09090366214513779,
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-0... |
With\tappropriate\nmonitoring\tfor\tside\teffects,\tmirtazapine\tmay\tbe\ta\tdrug\tof\tchoice\tfor\tolder\tpersons\texperiencing\nweight\tloss\tand\tdepression\t(\nRudolph,\t2009\n)\tand\tcould\tpotentially\tdecrease\tgastroparesis,\tnausea,\nand\tvomiting\t(\nMalamood\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nFood\tand\tnutrition\tcontribu... | [
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0.005089857149869204,
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0.032471101731061935,
0.09690525382757187,
0.0025212739128619432,
0.01513182558119297,
0.0300... |
(\nRaymond,\t2019\n).\tA\tmeasure\tof\tnutrition-related\tquality\n\tof\tlife\thas\tbeen\tproposed\tto\tdocument\nquality-of-life\toutcomes\tfor\tindividuals\treceiving\tmedical\tnutrition\ttherapy.\tEffective\tstrategies\tto\nimprove\teating\tand\tthereby\timprove\tnursing\thome\tresidents’\tquality\tof\tlife\tare\twe... | [
0.03300497680902481,
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0.06327717006206512,
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0.05731530860066414,
0.04701200872659683,
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0.052104201167821884,
0.10384756326675415,
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0.00635... |
could\tbe\tmore\twidely\timplemented\t(\nBernstein\tand\tMunoz,\t2012\n)\t(see\t\nNew\tDirections:\n\tCulture\nChange\n).\n\t\nNew\tDirections\nCulture\tChange\nCulture\tchange\tin\tlong-term\tcare\nThe\tPioneer\tNetwork\twas\tformed\tin\t1997\tby\ta\tsmall\tgroup\tof\tprominent\tprofessionals\t(including | [
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0.06331180781126022,
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0.06110898405313492,
0.04564611241221428,
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0.02361484244465828,
0.018093714... |
dietitians)\tworking\tin\tlong-term\tcare\tto\tadvocate\tfor\tperson-directed\tcare.\tThis\tgroup\tcalled\tfor\ta\nradical\tchange\tin\tthe\tculture\tof\taging\tso\tthat\twhen\tour\tgrandparents,\tparents—and\tultimately\twe\n—go\tto\ta\tnursing\thome\tor\tother\tcommunity-based\n\tsetting,\tit\tis\tto\tthrive,\tnot\tt... | [
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0.017524870112538338,
-0.013900... |
setting,\tit\tis\tto\tthrive,\tnot\tto\tdecline.\tThis\nmovement,\taway\tfrom\tinstitutional\tprovider-driven\tmodels\tto\tmore\thumane\tconsumer-driven\nmodels\tthat\tembrace\tflexibility\tand\tself-determination,\thas\tcome\tto\tbe\tknown\tas\tthe\t\nculture\nchange\tmovement\n.\tThe\tbelief\tis\tthat\tthe\tquality\t... | [
0.013639034703373909,
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0.048335492610931396,
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0.10366293042898178,
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0.03847798705101013,
0.00... |
a\tsupportive\tcommunity\tand\tcemented\tby\trelationships\tthat\trespect\teach\n\tindividual\tregardless\tof\nage,\tmedical\tcondition,\tor\tlimitations.\nThe\tmission\tof\tthe\tPioneer\tNetwork\tis\tto:\n•\t\nCreate\tcommunication,\tnetworking,\tand\tlearning\topportunities\n•\t\nBuild\tand\tsupport\trelationships\ta... | [
0.0324551984667778,
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0.08359707146883011,
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0.05787801742553711,
0.09166686981916428,
0.003632020903751254,
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0.0344... |
•\t\nBuild\tand\tsupport\trelationships\tand\tcommunity\n•\t\nIdentify\tand\tpromote\ttransformations\tin\tpractice,\tservices,\tpublic\tpolicy,\tand\tresearch\n•\t\nDevelop\tand\tprovide\taccess\tto\tresources\tand\tleadership\nValues\tand\tprinciples\n•\t\nKnow\teach\tperson.\n•\t\nEach\tperson\tcan\tand\tdoes\tmake\... | [
0.025801580399274826,
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0.060437530279159546,
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Know\teach\tperson.\n•\t\nEach\tperson\tcan\tand\tdoes\tmake\ta\tdifference.\n•\t\nRelationship\tis\tthe\tfundamental\tbuilding\tblock\tof\ta\ttransformed\tculture.\n•\t\nRespond\tto\tspirit,\tas\twell\tas\tmind\tand\tbody.\n•\t\nRisk-taking\tis\ta\tnormal\tpart\tof\tlife.\n•\t\nPut\tperson\tbefore\ttask.\n•\t\nAll\tel... | [
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0.010058321058750153,
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0.0942901074886322,
0.10038258880376816,
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0.014270047657191753,
0.014086... |
All\telders\tare\tentitled\tto\tself-determination\twherever\tthey\tlive.\n•\t\nCommunity\tis\tthe\tantidote\tto\tinstitutionalization.\n•\t\nDo\tunto\n\tothers\tas\tyou\twould\thave\tthem\tdo\tunto\tyou.\n•\t\nPromote\tthe\tgrowth\tand\tdevelopment\tof\tall.\n•\t\nShape\tand\tuse\tthe\tpotential\tof\tthe\tenvironment\... | [
0.04403292015194893,
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0.08025386184453964,
0.10870153456926346,
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0.002... |
psycho/social/spiritual.\n•\t\nPractice\tself-examination,\tsearching\tfor\tnew\tcreativity\tand\topportunities\tfor\tdoing\tbetter.\n•\t\nRecognize\tthat\tculture\tchange\tand\ttransformation\tare\tnot\tdestinations\tbut\ta\tjourney,\talways\na\twork\tin\tprogress.\nFunctionality | [
0.035952337086200714,
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0... |
a\twork\tin\tprogress.\nFunctionality\nFunctionality\tand\tfunctional\tstatus\tare\tterms\tused\tto\tdescribe\tphysical\tabilities\tand\tlimitations\tin,\nfor\texample,\tambulation.\t\nFunctionality\n,\tthe\tability\tto\tperform\tself-care,\tself-maintenance,\tand\nphysical\tactivities,\tcorrelates\twith\tindependence\... | [
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0.0512... |
adults\tare\tdeclining,\tbut\tthe\tactual\tnumber\tconsidered\n\tdisabled\tis\tincreasing\tas\tthe\tsize\tof\tthe\taging\npopulation\tgrows.\tLimitations\tin\tADLs\t(toileting,\tbathing,\teating,\tdressing)\tand\t\ninstrumental\nactivities\tof\tdaily\tliving\t(IADLs)\n\tsuch\tas\tmanaging\tmoney,\tshopping,\ttelephone\... | [
0.02350820042192936,
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0.08380278944969177,
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0.08865949511528015,
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0.0480314... |
such\tas\tmanaging\tmoney,\tshopping,\ttelephone\tuse,\ttravel\tand\ntransportation,\thousekeeping,\tpreparing\tmeals,\ttaking\tmedications\tcorrectly,\tand\tother\tindividual\nself-performance\tskills\tneeded\tin\teveryday\tlife,\tare\tused\tto\n\tmonitor\tphysical\tfunction\t(\nFederal\nInteragency\tForum\ton\tAging-... | [
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0.09898950159549713,
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0.034661538898944855,
0.011... |
Federal\nInteragency\tForum\ton\tAging-Related\tStatistics,\t2012\n).\nMany\tnutrition-related\tdiseases\taffect\tfunctional\tstatus\tin\tolder\tindividuals.\tInadequate\tnutrient | [
0.05936804041266441,
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0.01... |
intake\tmay\thasten\tloss\tof\tmuscle\tmass\tand\tstrength,\twhich\tcan\thave\ta\tnegative\teffect\ton\tperforming\nADLs.\tAmong\tthe\tolder\tadults\twho\thave\tone\tor\tmore\tnutrition-related\tchronic\tdiseases,\timpaired\nphysical\tfunction\n\tmay\tcause\tgreater\tdisability,\twith\tincreased\tmorbidity,\tnursing\th... | [
0.009287180379033089,
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0.07719031721353531,
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0.07859143614768982,
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0.017447350... |
or\tdeath.\nFrailty\tand\tfailure\tto\tthrive\nThe\tfour\tsyndromes\tknown\tto\tbe\tpredictive\tof\tadverse\toutcomes\tin\tolder\tadults\tthat\tare\tprevalent\tin\npatients\twith\tfrailty\tor\t“geriatric\tfailure\tto\tthrive”\tinclude\timpaired\tphysical\tfunctioning,\nmalnutrition,\tdepression,\tand\tcognitive\timpair... | [
0.04103350639343262,
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0.04247423633933067,
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0.07403053343296051,
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0.0394727885723114,
0.0880768895149231,
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0.04285868629813194,
0.03277992457... |
decreased\nappetite,\tpoor\tnutrition,\tdehydration,\tinactivity,\tand\timpaired\timmune\tfunction.\tInterventions\tshould\nbe\tdirected\tat\teasily\tremediable\tcontributors\tin\tthe\thope\tof\timproving\toverall\tfunctional\tstatus.\nOptimal\tmanagement\trequires\ta\tmultidisciplinary,\tmultifaceted\tapproach.\tOccup... | [
0.07007674872875214,
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0.08257704973220825,
0.012533514760434628,
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0.05397205799818039,
0.08353491872549057,
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0.03010101430118084,
0.034002918... |
and\tspeech\ttherapists\tare\tessential\tto\tcomprehensive\tcare\tmanagement.\tNutrition\tinterventions,\nespecially\tthose\trectifying\tprotein-energy\tmalnutrition,\tare\tessential\tbut\toften\tdifficult\tto\timplement\nin\tan\tolder\tperson\twho\tis\tdisinterested\tin\teating.\tBecause\toverall\tdiet\tquality\thas\t... | [
0.004953842610120773,
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0.07749715447425842,
0.007701362948864698,
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0.12899358570575714,
0.004983887542039156,
0.007733413949608803,
0.07432147860527039,
0.047139156609773636,
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0.025575898587703705,
0.045... |
associated\tinversely\twith\tprevalent\tand\tfuture\tfrailty\tstatus\tin\ta\tlarge\tcohort\tof\tcommunity-living\nolder\tmen,\tmore\tattention\tto\tthe\ttotal\tdietary\tintakes\twhen\tadvancing\tage\tis\tcritical\t(\nGalvin\tand\nSadowsky,\t2012\n).\tLiberalization\tof\toverly\trestrictive\tdiet\tprescriptions\tis\toft... | [
0.03558973968029022,
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0.050850190222263336,
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0.07257431000471115,
0.11459742486476898,
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0.029838288202881813,
0.053159... |
calorie\tintake\tand\tdietary\tquality\t(\nRaymond,\t2019\n).\tIt\tis\timportant\tto\trecognize\twhen\tfailure\tto\nthrive\tis\tactually\tnormal\tend\tof\tlife.\tSpiritual\tsupport\tis\tan\timportant\tcomponent\tof\tthe\tcare.\nWeight\tmaintenance\nObesity\nThe\tprevalence\tof\tobesity\tin\tall\tages\thas\tincreased\td... | [
0.042201556265354156,
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0.04659326747059822,
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0.056079693138599396,
0.08657848089933395,
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0.013663600198924541,
0.02430... |
States;\nolder\tadults\tare\tno\texception.\tObesity\trates\tare\tgreater\tamong\tthose\tages\t65\tto\t74\tthan\tamong\nthose\tage\t75\tand\tolder.\tObesity\tis\ta\tmajor\tcause\tof\tpreventable\tdisease\tand\tpremature\tdeath.\tBoth\nare\tlinked\tto\tincreased\trisk\tof\tcoronary\theart\tdisease,\ttype\t2\tdiabetes,\t... | [
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0.05160710960626602,
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0.049347855150699615,
0.04512285813689232,
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0.06704853475093842,
0.03042... |
postmenopausal\tbreast,\tand\tother\tcancers,\tasthma\tand\tother\trespiratory\tproblems,\tosteoarthritis,\nand\tdisability.\n\tObesity\tcauses\ta\tprogressive\tdecline\tin\tphysical\tfunction,\twhich\tmay\tlead\tto\tincreased\nfrailty.\tOverweight\tand\tobesity\tcan\tlead\tto\ta\tdecline\tin\tIADLs. | [
0.02282322570681572,
-0.05499320477247238,
0.05324709042906761,
0.014093516394495964,
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0.08258175104856491,
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0.04428... |
frailty.\tOverweight\tand\tobesity\tcan\tlead\tto\ta\tdecline\tin\tIADLs.\nWeight\tloss\ttherapy\tthat\tmaintains\tmuscle\tand\tbone\tmass\tis\trecommended\tfor\tobese\tolder\tadults\nbecause\tit\timproves\tphysical\tfunction\tand\tquality\tof\tlife\tand\treduces\tthe\tmultiple\tmedical\ncomplications\tassociated\twith... | [
0.017417872324585915,
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0.026328... |
complications\tassociated\twith\tobesity.\tWeight\tmaintenance,\n\tnot\tweight\tloss,\tshould\tbe\tthe\tgoal\tin\tthe\nvery\told\tbecause\textra\tweight\tis\tactually\ta\tbenefit.\tNormal\tBMI\tstandards\tare\tnot\tappropriate\tfor\nthe\tvery\told\tsince\tthey\thave\tnot\tbeen\tvalidated\tin\tthis\tpopulation. | [
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0.01908... |
the\tvery\told\tsince\tthey\thave\tnot\tbeen\tvalidated\tin\tthis\tpopulation.\nWeight\tloss\tof\tno\tmore\tthan\t10%\tof\ttotal\tbody\tweight\tover\t6\tmonths\tshould\tbe\tthe\tinitial\tgoal\tin\nthose\twho\tare\tappropriate\tfor\tweight\tintervention.\tMild\tcalorie\trestriction\tand\tincreased\n\tactivity\nshould\tb... | [
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0.10157973319292068,
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0.... |
activity\nshould\tbe\tencouraged\t(see\t\nChapter\t20\n).\nHaving\ta\thigher\tbody\tweight\tafter\tage\t70\tmay\tbe\thealth\tprotective.\tA\tstudy\treviewed\tdata\tfrom\ntwo\tlong-term\tstudies\tand\tfound\tthat\tadults\twho\twere\toverweight\taveraged\ta\t13%\tlower\trisk\tof\ndeath\tfrom\tany\tcause\tover\t10\tyears,... | [
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0.06923101097345352,
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0.09079252183437347,
0.0368... |
(\nFlicker\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tThose\twho\twere\tunderweight\twere\t76%\tmore\tlikely\n\tto\tdie,\talthough\tthe\tobese\nhad\tthe\tsame\tmortality\trisk\tas\tthose\tof\twithin\tthe\toptimal\tBMI\trange.\tThe\tresearchers\tconcluded\nthat\tthe\tbody\tmass\tindex\t(BMI)\tthresholds\tfor\toverweight\tand\tobese\tmay\tbe\t... | [
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older\tadults.\tNotably,\tthe\tresearchers\talso\tfound\tthat\tbeing\tsedentary\tincreased\tthe\trisk\tof\tdeath\tin\nmen\tby\t28%;\tin\twomen,\tthe\trisk\twas\tdoubled.\nUnderweight\tand\tmalnutrition\nThe\tactual\tprevalence\tof\tunderweight\tamong\tolder\tadults\tis\tlow;\twomen\tolder\tthan\tage\t65\tare\tthree\nti... | [
-0.0039238170720636845,
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0.059476565569639206,
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0.05634712055325508,
-0.031... |
times\tas\tlikely\tas\ttheir\tmale\tcounterparts\tto\tbe\tunderweight\t(\nWinter\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tHowever,\tmany\nolder\tadults\tare\tat\trisk\tfor\tundernutrition\tand\tmalnutrition\t(\nFederal\tInteragency\tForum\ton\tAging-\nRelated\tStatistics,\t2012\n).\tAmong\tthose\thospitalized,\t40%\tto\t60%\tare\tmalnouris... | [
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0.041756339371204376,
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0.03997392952442169,
0.11325415223836899,
-0.08131268620491028,
0.022657787427306175,
0.00941... |
malnutrition,\n\t40%\tto\t85%\tof\tnursing\thome\tresidents\thave\tmalnutrition,\tand\t20%\tto\t60%\tof\thome\ncare\tpatients\tare\tmalnourished.\tMany\tcommunity-residing\tolder\tpersons\tconsume\tfewer\tthan\t1000\nkcal/day,\tan\tamount\tnot\tadequate\tto\tmaintain\tgood\tnutrition.\tSome\tcauses\tof\tundernutrition\... | [
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0.008726352825760841,
-0.023362318... |
medications,\tdepression,\tdecreased\tsense\tof\ttaste\tor\tsmell,\tpoor\toral\thealth,\tchronic\tdiseases,\ndysphagia,\tand\tother\tphysical\n\tproblems\tthat\tmake\teating\tdifficult.\tSocial\tcauses\tmay\tinclude\tliving\nalone,\tinadequate\tincome,\tlack\tof\ttransportation,\tand\tlimitations\tin\tshopping\tfor\tan... | [
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0.0... |
Health\tcare\tprofessionals\tfrequently\toverlook\tprotein-energy\tmalnutrition\t(PEM).\tThe\tphysiologic\nchanges\tof\taging,\tas\twell\tas\tchanges\tin\tliving\tconditions\tand\tincome,\tcontribute\tto\tthe\tproblem.\nSymptoms\tof\tPEM\toften\tare\tattributed\n\tto\tother\tconditions,\tleading\tto\tmisdiagnosis.\tSom... | [
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0.017627... |
to\tother\tconditions,\tleading\tto\tmisdiagnosis.\tSome\tcommon\nsymptoms\tare\tconfusion,\tfatigue,\tand\tweakness.\tOlder\tadults\twith\tlow\tincomes,\twho\thave\tdifficulty\nchewing\tand\tswallowing\tmeat,\twho\tsmoke,\tor\twho\tengage\tin\tlittle\tor\tno\tphysical\tactivity\tare\tat\nincreased\trisk\tof\tdevelopin... | [
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0.026... |
increased\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\tPEM.\nStrategies\tto\tdecrease\tPEM\tinclude\tincreased\tcaloric\tand\tprotein\tintake.\tStrategies\tto\timprove\nintake\tin\ta\tlong-term\n\tcare\tcommunity\tshould\tbe\tindividualized\tbased\ton\tthe\tspecific\tsituation.\nNutrition\trisk\tscreening\tis\tan\timportant\tfirst\tstep\t(s... | [
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0.03544811... |
Chapter\t4\n).\nIn\tcommunity\tsettings\tolder\tadults\tshould\tbe\tencouraged\tto\teat\tenergy-dense\tand\thigh-protein\nfoods.\tFederal\tfood\tand\tnutrition\tservices\tare\talso\tavailable\tfor\tthe\tmany\twho\treside\tat\thome\t(see\nsections\tbelow\tand\t\nFocus\tOn:\n\tFood\tFirst!\n).\tDiets\tshould\tbe\tindivid... | [
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).\tDiets\tshould\tbe\tindividualized\n\trather\tthan\trestricted\tto\noffer\tmore\tchoices\tand\thonor\tpersonal\tpreference\t(\nDorner\tand\tFriedrich,\t2018\n).\tSimple,\tpractical\napproaches,\tsuch\tas\tadding\tgravies\tand\tcreams,\tcan\tincrease\tcalories\tand\tsoften\tfoods\tfor\teasier\nchewing. | [
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0.00801... |
When\tdifficulties\tmeeting\tnutritional\tneeds\tarise\tin\tthe\tolder\tadult,\tthere\tmay\tbe\ta\tquestion\tas\tto\nthe\tbenefits\tof\tplacing\ta\tfeeding\ttube\tand\tadministering\tartificial\n\tnutrition.\tThough\tthis\tcan\tbe\tan\noption\tfor\tsome\tolder\tadults\twith\tsignificant\tswallowing\tdifficulties\twho\t... | [
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0.043136123567819595,
0.0243... |
the\tposition\tof\tthe\tAmerican\tGeriatrics\tSociety\t(2014)\tthat\tfeeding\ttubes\tare\tnot\trecommended\tfor\nadults\twith\tadvanced\tdementia.\tIn\tolder\tadults\twith\tadvanced\tdementia,\tfeeding\ttubes\thave\tbeen\nassociated\twith\tincreased\tagitation,\tuse\tof\tchemical\tand\tphysical\trestraints,\n\ttube-rel... | [
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0.012385022826492786,
0.02832756... |
tube-related\ncomplications\tincluding\thospital\tvisits,\trisk\tof\taspiration,\tand\tgreater\tlikelihood\tof\tnew\tpressure\ninjury\tdevelopment.\tFor\tthose\twith\tadvanced\tdementia,\tit\tis\trecommended\tthat\tclose\tattention\tbe\npaid\tto\tassistance\tat\tmeals,\tindividual-centered\tapproaches\tto\teating\tand\... | [
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0.05345... |
altering\tthe\tenvironment\tto\tmaximize\toral\tintake\tfor\tthe\tolder\tadult\twith\tadvanced\n\tdementia.\n\t\nFocus\tOn\nFood\tFirst!\nThere\tare\tmany\treasons\tfor\tpractitioners\tto\tconsider\tchanging\tfrom\tthe\tuse\tof\tcommercially\nmanufactured\tnutritional\tsupplements\tto\tnutrient-dense\treal\tfood.\tAlth... | [
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0.08953231573104858,
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0.00... |
nutritional\tsupplements\tare\tconvenient\tto\tuse\tand\tprovide\thigh\tcalories\tand\thigh\tprotein,\tpeople\nlike\tto\teat\n\tfood\tand\tdrink\tfluids\tthat\ttaste\tgood,\tprovide\ta\tvariety\tof\tflavors,\tand\tare\tfamiliar\tto\nthem.\tFood\tis\tmore\tthan\ta\tcan\tof\tmilk\tprotein\twith\tadded\tvitamins\tand\tmin... | [
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-0.0... |
tradition,\tand\tpart\tof\tlife\tcelebrations.\tThe\tsmell\tof\tfood\tand\tappearance\ton\ta\tplate\tis\tpart\tof\tthe\noverall\teating\texperience.\nFortified\tfoods\tat\tmeals\tand\tsnack\ttime\tin\tlieu\tof\tcommercially\tprepared\tsupplements\n\tcan\nsatisfy\tthe\tmost\tdemanding\tpalate\tbecause\tthey\tcan\tbe\tfl... | [
0.03416987508535385,
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0.06407807022333145,
0.06657999008893967,
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0.02037905529141426,
0.0015692... |
food\tcan\tbe\tcalorie\tenhanced;\tmany\tcan\tbe\tprotein\tenhanced.\nFortified\tfood\tprograms\thave\tbeen\tknown\tby\ta\tvariety\tof\tnames:\tEvery\tBite\tCounts,\tNutrition\nIntervention\tProgram,\tEnhanced\tFood\tProgram,\tSuper\tFoods,\tor\tFood\tFortification\tProgram.\nToday,\tthanks\tto\tthe\tDining\tPractice\t... | [
0.0030929367057979107,
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0.045231737196445465,
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0.02715374529361725,
0.12319833040237427,
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0.03937786445021629,
0.12386878579854965,
-0.04816857725381851,
0.07639420032501221,
-0.016... |
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