text stringlengths 0 868k |
|---|
Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (vain) or carcinoma in situ (cis) of the vagina is an uncommon premalignant condition of the vaginal epithelium that occurs most commonly in patients who had undergone hysterectomy for cervical neoplasia . Vain is a clinically unique and rare condition, but has become much more recogni... |
Lesions in the thalamus and those extending into the midbrain can cause various movement disorders such as dystonia, asterixis, and ballism - chorea . Convulsive movements have been reported in bilateral paramedian thalamic and midbrain infarction [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. We here report on the case of a patient with clonic ... |
The following strains were maintained in accord with iacuc approved procedures: ab *, tg(top: gfp), tg(-6.0itga2b: egfp), tg(hsp70l: gal4), tg(uas: myc - notch1a - intra), tg(tp1-mmhbb: egfp), tg(tp1-mmhbb: kaede), tg(cmyb: egfp), tg(kdrl: rfp), and dlc . Probes and mrna were synthesized from published constructs or cl... |
Cutaneous lymphomas are the second most common lymphoma form within the group of extra - nodal, non - hodgkin lymphomas . Primary cutaneous lymphomas are located in the skin and as a rule remain there for at least 6 months, while the secondary cutaneous lymphomas represent the cutaneous manifestation of primarily disse... |
Three patients were admitted to our hospital with neurological deficits within 3 hours from symptom onset . They all presented with a high national institutes of health stroke scale (nihss) score and brain computed tomography (ct) that showed no hemorrhagic density . Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator was adminis... |
Better access to both role models and effective mentoring for urm students is key to our mission as academics . As just one example of the importance of urm role models, umbach (2006) noted that the percentage of students of color who enter a university is tied to the number of faculty of color on staff there furthermo... |
Renal tubular acidosis is considered when a relatively normal glomerular filtration rate is associated with metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremia and a normal plasma anion gap . Distal renal tubular acidosis (drta) is characterized by an impairment of net acid secretion by the distal tubule and may be associated with hypo... |
The cytochrome p450 (cyp) enzymes are active in the metabolism of xenobiotics, as well as of endogenous compounds . In the human genome, 57 genes coding for active cyp enzymes and 58 pseudogenes have been identified . The cyp enzymes can be divided into two major classes: those that are active in the metabolism of exog... |
Severe cutaneous adverse reactions to drugs (scars) include syndromes such as stevens - johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis (sjs / ten) and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (dress) or drug - induced hypersensitivity syndrome (dihs) [1, 2]. Although the incidence of sjs and ten is very low... |
Portal vein gas is an uncommon ominous radiological sign usually harbouring an intra abdominal catastrophe . We present the case of a 66 years old female presented with acute lower abdominal pain . General examination revealed tachycardia and pallor . On abdominal examination, there was tenderness and rigidity in the l... |
They bind to the 3-untranslated region (3utr) of target mrna based on sequence complementarity and result in target mrna degradation or suppression of translation, . Initial discoveries of mirnas were made in caenorhabditis elegans, but have now been extended to majority of vertebrates and several hundred mirnas have b... |
Although endovascular aneurysm repair (evar) has been established as a standard intervention for abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) (1, 2), it is not ideal or feasible for the patients who have challenging anatomic features that cannot be overcome by the design of currently available devices (3 - 6). The estimated proport... |
Results from rodent studies have showed that dietary n-3 long - chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lcpufas) increase fat oxidation and prevent high fat and sugar - induced obesity [1, 2]. Human studies have indicated similar effects of fish oil . A study by couet et al . With healthy adults and a study by kabir et al .... |
Hope has an enduring ability to influence the health and wellbeing of individuals across the lifespan . It is described as a key psychosocial resource that helps individuals through a variety of difficult circumstances in their lives [15]. Further, hope has been identified as an important ingredient in fostering a sens... |
The ability of high - throughput gene expression technologies to reproducibly capture differences between populations stratified by a clinical covariate, such as cancer metastasis, is difficult when the sample size is small . When increasing the sample size of a study is not possible due to limited resources, approache... |
Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of breast cancer patients . For patients with locally advanced breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer patients who achieved pathological complete remission (pcr) after neoadjuvant therapy had a superior outcome compared with those wi... |
The pathophysiology of atheroma, a process causing hardening of arterial innermost layer, is triggered by the development of fatty streaks of cholesterol, fatty acids, and inflammatory and immune cells in the tunica intima . Clinically, atheroma could remain asymptomatic for decades and is difficult to diagnose until i... |
The international diabetes federation estimates that 285 million people have diabetes internationally, with this number expected to rise to 438 million over the next 20 years, at a rate of a 7 million people annually . The current criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes require a fasting plasma glucose (fpg) and 75-g or... |
Left ventricular (free wall) rupture is the major culprit in up to 10% of in - hospital deaths following acute myocardial infarction (mi), usually between 3 to 6 days after the infarction . It typically involves the anterior or lateral wall, at the terminal region of the left anterior descending coronary artery distrib... |
The ovary is a common site of metastases from other primary malignancies, and 5 - 30% of ovarian cancers are metastatic malignancies . The most common primary origins are the breast, colon, and stomach (1). The incidence rate of metastatic ovarian cancer appears to be somewhat higher in asia compared to western countri... |
This diarrheal disease is caused by the vibrio cholerae bacteria, but it is the cholera toxin (ct) it produces that is the actual pathogenic species . The toxin attaches itself to the intestinal cell wall where it is subsequently internalized and the a - subunit of this ab5 toxin1 subsequently initiates the disease by ... |
There has been a dramatic increase in the proportion of babies with congenital heart disease (chd) surviving to adulthood . Advances in pediatric surgery and pediatric cardiology are directly responsible for this favorable outcome.1 over 90% of children born with chd in the modern era are now expected to survive to adu... |
If intraocular pressure (iop) is not controlled in early childhood, this can result in devastating consequences for the patient s vision . This was the case with our patient, such that his left vision was very poor . As a result of coexisting left amblyopia and glaucoma, the eye had poor vision at best corrected visual... |
Of the 149 countries for which the who provides data, 98 had a peak hiv prevalence that never went above 1% and only in 20 countries peak hiv prevalence exceeded 5% . South africa (sa), and the united states of america (usa), for example, hiv prevalence varied by a factor of 20, 40, and 7.8, respectively, between the r... |
The aging process is marked by the diminishing physiological and functional capabilities in older adults . This decline in function result from the loss of muscular strength and related impaired functional mobility1, which often leads to falls, low back pain, reduced independence, and increased health - care costs2 . A... |
Disorders of the respiratory system, particularly the lower airways, are the most frequently diagnosed conditions in sport horses evaluated for poor performance [1, 2]. Equine recurrent airway obstruction (rao) and iad represent a spectrum of chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in horses resembling human asthma... |
The aortic origin of the right or left pulmonary artery is an infrequent cardiac anomaly whose incidence is <1% of all the congenital cardiac malformations . The right pulmonary artery (rpa) arises directly from the ascending aorta in 70 - 80% cases, and is associated with a patent ductus arteriosus (pda) in 75% of cas... |
Association of cns cryptococcosis and tuberculosis meningitis remains extremely rare event, especially when a concurrent severe immunodeficiency state such as hiv disease is excluded (1). Thus, limited anecdotal cases of concomitant cns cryptococcsis and tuberculosis were reported in international literatures . Of our ... |
Etoposide is a cytotoxic agent (anticancer drug) which has been used in the treatment of a variety of malignant conditions . Etoposide is an essential component of chemotherapy in patients with rare gynecological malignancies such as germ cell tumors and gestational trophoblastic disease . Hypersensitivity reactions (h... |
Activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (gr), a member of the ligand - dependent nuclear receptor superfamily, regulates a variety of essential biological functions, including immune response, glucose homeostasis, inflammatory response, metabolism, and cellular survival.14 the gr regulates these functions through the... |
Young adulthood, defined as 1825 years of age, is an important transitional period from adolescence to adulthood, during which long - term health behavior patterns are formed and established . This life stage is critical as many changes occur during it, such as the development of self - identity, leaving home, and incr... |
A total of 29 with 15 male and 14 female skulls and mandibles were used for this study . 18 of the specimens are the collection in department of anatomy and cell biology, college of veterinary medicine, seoul national university, and the other 11 specimens are the collection in korean otter research center . Only adult... |
Pharmacotherapy for glaucoma is commonly commenced with a single topical ocular hypotensive agent.1 monotherapy, however, may be insufficient in many cases, owing to an inability in achieving target intraocular pressure (iop) and/or preventing glaucoma progression . In other cases, a single drug may lose its effectiven... |
Pelvic floor muscle dysfunction may cause severe problems in women such as fecal and urinary incontinence and anorgasm, which decreases the quality of life . One of the factors affecting perineal injuries during childbirth is the way the mother pushes in the second stage of labor . There are two methods for handling th... |
Fungal keratitis (fk) is an ulcerative and sight - threatening infection of the cornea that sometimes leads to blindness . Although patients with fk have been treated with antifungal drugs that prevent the progression of corneal pathogenesis, further study is still needed . The objectives of this study were to investig... |
Each species of lice dwell in a particular host and a particular part of body 1 . The female louse produces about 130 eggs (nits) in its life . After about 9 days, the nymph molts several times over the course of 15 days and becomes an adult louse 3 . Away from host, mature lice survive just for 3 days, but this surviv... |
The united states population living with heart failure (hf) is aging . As of 2013, 80% of patients with hf were aged 65 years, and 25% were aged 80 years.1 mortality is high, with 50% of medicare beneficiaries surviving <3 years following hospitalization for hf . In the united states, costs associated with hf future co... |
Insulin plays a critical role in glucose homeostasis by regulating the balance between glucose production by the liver and glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissues . In adipocytes and myocytes, insulin regulates glucose transport by controlling the translocation of the glucose transporter, (glut)4 . Ir has a rather... |
End - stage knee osteoarthritis (oa) is one of the most common debilitating diseases and is a leading cause of pain, stiffness, edema, disability, and functional limitation in older adults1,2,3 . Several studies have reported that when patients with end - stage knee oa are asked to complete a self - reported questionna... |
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (icp) is liver disease which could lead to premature birth, fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia, and increasing risk of fetal morbidity and mortality . The incidence of icp varies throughout the world from 0.4% to 15% [2, 3]. The best biomarker for diagnosis and follow - up of icp... |
Smartphone market penetration in the republic of korea has gradually increased from 23 million people owning a smartphone in 2012 to 33 million owning one in january 2013 . The age group of smartphone users varies, ranging from students to workers to elderly people1 . Since smartphone users search the internet, chat wi... |
Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic infection caused by a group of saprophytic fungi, belonging to the order mucorales and class zygomycetes . The spores of these organisms are dispersed into the air from decaying material, and the mode of infection is via the inhalation route and infection begins first in the nose an... |
Primary biliary cirrhosis (pbc) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease found predominantly in middle - aged women . Although the precise pathogenesis of pbc is unclear, both b - cell and t - cell responses to the e2 subunit of the inner mitochondrial membrane pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdc - e2) have been implicat... |
The underlying cause for enzymatic catalysis is stabilization of the transition state by interactions with the protein catalyst . Interactions between protein catalysts and a nonreacting substrate phosphodianion are utilized to provide ca . 12 kcal / mol stabilization of transition states of a diverse set of enzymatic ... |
Pertussis (whooping cough) is a major acute respiratory infection caused by bordetella pertussis bacteria and is associated with severe respiratory illness in children and persistent cough in adolescents and adults . The most effective method to prevent and control pertussis is immunization; however, the incidence of p... |
At present, enterobacteriaceae producing broad - spectrum beta - lactamases belong to the most feared group of bacterial pathogens . Of particular clinical importance are esbl and ampc enzymes capable of hydrolyzing broad - spectrum penicillins, monobactams and cephalosporins . The prevalence of broad - spectrum beta -... |
Worldwide, 1 in 5 men over the age of 50 is likely to have osteoporosis . Although osteoporosis is less common in men than women, 2530% of all hip fractures are in men and the risk of mortality after osteoporotic fractures is greater in men than in women . The 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures increas... |
The occurrence of myocardial infarction in newborns has been associated with cardiac malformations and abnormalities of the coronary arteries or thromboembolism . The syndrome of hypoxemia - related myocardial dysfunction in newborns occurs in about 30% of asphyxiated infants and is usually more relevant in preterm inf... |
Eccrine poroma is a benign neoplasm of the eccrine gland commonly seen over the palms and soles . Lesions on atypical sites present a diagnostic challenge and histopathologic features are the key to confirmation of the diagnosis . We report a patient with a slow - growing ulcerated nodule over the face clinically simul... |
A 25-year - old gravida-2 para-1 female presented at labor and delivery suite with no significant ante - natal history except idiopathic new onset migraines with no organic causes (ruled out by magnetic resonance angiography) and history of allergy in the form of hives to loestrin 21 1/20 (each oral contraceptive table... |
It has been applied to treat animal models with ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and choroid neovascularization . Good performance of intravitreous injection has 3 aspects: 1) the injection site should not disrupt retina structure, 2) bleeding should be avoided to reduce the risk of infection, and 3) the... |
Metformin is a first - line drug in the pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes . Apart from the low cost, good efficacy, and beneficial effects on body weight, several studies have reported association of vitamin b12 deficiency in type 2 diabetes patients treated with metformin . The reported vitamin b12 deficiency in the ... |
Primary open - angle glaucoma is a chronic disease that is characterized by a progressive optic neuropathy and degeneration of the retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl), resulting in a distinct appearance of the optic nerve head (onh) and concomitant visual field (vf) loss . Examination of the rnfl and the onh are recognize... |
Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female reproductive tract in developed countries . The highest incidence rates are in western europe and north america with world age standardized incidence per 100,000 being 11.2 and 16.4, respectively in 2008, compared to 1.9 in western and middle africa and a w... |
Long - term nonprogressor hiv infection (ltnp - hiv) is seen in <1% hiv positive population . So far, there are no studies on cancers in ltnp - hiv patients in the literature . We report here a very rare case of follicular thyroid carcinoma in ltnp - hiv infection a 30-year - old female, doctor by profession, presented... |
Reduced c1-compounds, such as methane and methanol, are relatively abundant in nature . Methylotrophs, that have the ability to utilize c1-compounds as the sole source of carbon and energy, also appear to be ubiquitous in nature . A diverse range of prokaryotes and eukaryotes can utilize c1-compounds for growth, and me... |
Laparoscopic varicocelectomy was first introduced as an efficient treatment for male infertility in 1992 . Within more than 2 decades, this laparoscopic procedure has evolved into superior techniques such as robot - assisted, lymphatic sparing, and single - port laparoscopic varicocelectomies . Recent published article... |
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) is a systemic disease characterized primarily by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia; the classic pentad that includes fever, neurologic complications, and renal failure is variably seen today due to early recognition and prompt initiation of total plasma exc... |
It is caused by viruses, drugs, alcohol, fat tissue replacement, and other factors . Hepatitis b has occurred throughout the world, and there are more than 400 million people with its chronic form . In iran, the occurrence rate of this disease within the general population is between 1.4% to 6.5%, which is considered t... |
Complementary and alternative medicine (cam) is a broad field of medical therapies outside the mainstream practice of hospitals . One study conducted in 2007 by the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) showed that approximately 38% of americans (across age groups) had used some sort of cam practice . A 2015... |
In the field of medical imaging and noninvasive measurement, computed tomography (ct) plays an important role in diagnosis . The tomography image is reconstructed from a series of projection data, which are transmitted signals throughout an object, such as x - rays, in multiple directions . Radon transform is usually u... |
As the human and economic costs of type 2 diabetes have surged, focus on its prevention has intensified . Clinical trials (17) aimed at diabetes prevention have universally enrolled participants with prediabetes (i.e., impaired glucose tolerance [igt] and/or impaired fasting glucose [ifg] levels) because of their high ... |
The respiratory system is always exposed to ambient air that contains significant numbers of infectious microbes . The innate immune system in respiratory mucosa is important as a first line of host defense against microbes . These inflammatory responses should be regulated thoroughly to prevent tissue injury caused by... |
The study population was drawn from the european prospective investigation of cancer norfolk cohort study . Briefly, we recruited 25,639 men and women aged 4079 years using general practice age sex registers from norfolk, uk, during 19931997, and followed them up for health outcomes . The norwich district ethics commit... |
The rate at which organic matter is produced per unit area of the earth s surface (commonly referred to as net primary production or npp) influences virtually all ecological processes . Not surprisingly, there is growing interest and concern regarding the extent to which patterns of npp are being altered by global and ... |
Neurotrophins were the first extracellular signals identified as regulators of somatosensory neuron development nerve growth factor (ngf), a founding member of the neurotrophin family, was discovered over 60 years ago for its role in maintaining sensory neuron survival . Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown... |
Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, with an unfavorable prognosis . Patients diagnosed with gbm have a median survival time of 1218 months and few patients survive more than 5 years from initial diagnosis . The classic treatment typically consists of maximal feasible resection, followed by radiothe... |
Peritoneal dialysis (pd) as an alternative to hemodialysis (hd) is variably used for renal replacement therapy in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease who wait for or cannot receive a renal transplant . The relatively high technique failure rate, mainly due to pd catheter malfunction, is an important reason for... |
Secreted phospholipase a2 (spla2) cleave glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 ester bond . They are excreted at the extracellular side of the plasma membrane and are overexpressed in a variety of tumors, e.g., up to 22-fold in prostate cancer . These enzymes have been hypothesized to be targets to control drug release from... |
Diabetes is characterized by an inability to synthesize, secrete, and/or, in some cases, respond to insulin . Without this vital hormone, cells and tissues cannot absorb glucose, and the patients cells can starve to death, despite high levels of glucose in the bloodstream . Among the two major types of diabetes, type 1... |
However higher dose frequency, especially more than two administrations per day, is usually associated with increased glaucoma medication nonadherence.59 adherence to medication regimes is also attributable to side effects,10,11 the cost of medication,8,12 and noon - time doses.13,14 recently, various fixed - combinati... |
A continuous increase in cancer incidence and decrease in cancer mortality have resulted in a rising number of people living with cancer . As cancer patients live longer, psychological wellbeing of both cancer patients and their family members is becoming a growing concern . Previous studies have focused on the psychol... |
A 17-year - old biological male, currently studying in 11 standard was brought to our psychiatry outpatient department (opd) with complaints of anger and irritability, decreased sleep and repeated threats of running away from home and harming himself for past 78 days . In addition to these complaints, the patient (refe... |
Phthalates are used commonly as plasticizers in a number of industrial and consumer products . Some examples include plastic food packaging, shower curtains, vinyl flooring, and cosmetic products such as fragrances and lotions . Because phthalates are not chemically bound to plastics, they can leach into food, water, d... |
Self - assembled semiconductor quantum dots (qds) have attracted considerable attention within the nanostructure research field in recent years due to their possible optical and optoelectronic applications [1 - 3]. The discrete energy levels in qds also open up novel possibilities for studies of the physics in a zero -... |
Adp - ribosylation factors (arfs) are a family of closely related gtp - binding proteins that are best known for their roles in the regulation of vesicular transport . In the active, gtp - bound state, arfs nucleate the assembly of a variety of coat protein complexes at sites of carrier vesicle formation . These includ... |
An increasing body of evidence suggests that retinal neurodegeneration and inflammation occur in human diabetes even before the development of clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy (dr). Retinal neural cell loss (neurodegeneration) has already been demonstrated in vivo (as thinning of retinal nerve fiber and ganglion ... |
This disease may be considered a reactive process, often associated with a systemic condition . Ep is seen more frequently in females than males (3:1); it tends to occur in the third as well as in the sixth decade . The lesions may be single or multiple, mainly affecting the legs, arms, trunk, and face in decreasing or... |
A 56-year - old male presented with complaints of pain that had gradually been getting worse in both hip regions for the past 4 years . He was a known case of histiocytosis, diagnosed and treated 18 years back for skin lesions . On general physical examination, the patient had deformities of bilateral hands-"opera glas... |
The prostate is a muscular, walnut - sized gland that surrounds part of the urethra, the tube that transports urine and sperm out of the body . A gland is a group of cells that secrete chemicals that act on or control the activity of other cells or organs . Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed and pote... |
Osteoporosis is the most common non - infectious metabolic disease that causes disability and diminished quality of life1,2,3,4 . Characteristics of osteoporosis include decreased bone mass and bone change, and women are four times more likely than men to develop osteoporosis5, 6 . In addition, among non - infectious d... |
Benzoxazole derivatives are one of the most important bioactive heterocyclic organic compounds in pharmaceutical chemistry . They have been used as a starting material for synthesis of bioactive structures of pharmaceutical drugs, such as the antibiotic calcimycin that includes a 2-substituted benzoxazole ring in its m... |
Local antibiotic delivery has become the mainstay for long term antibiotic management in orthopedics.1 in infected total joint replacements, two stage surgical procedures with antibiotic cement spacer followed by revision surgery with antibiotic cement is the standard protocol.2 in compound trauma, antibiotic cement sp... |
Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin - producing beta cells of islets of langerhans . The majority of young patients depend on life - long treatment with insulin injections to control hyperglycemia . However, an exogenous supp... |
Desertification is a degradation problem caused by a decrease in moisture in an area previously not arid . Deterioration occurs in soil and plant cover due to drought and a change in area water content causing desiccation . The dryness and adverse effects that differ from the normal condition is largely the result of h... |
Bromodomain modules selectively recognize acetylated lysine (kac) containing sequences, a post - translational modification that is highly abundant in histones and other nuclear proteins . Interest in these so - called epigenetic reader proteins has risen as it has become clear that the interaction between the proteins... |
The preparation of teeth for indirect bonded restorations involves the cutting of dentin and hence the exposure of dentinal tubules . More conservative approaches to restorative dentistry have been made possible by the advent of adhesive technology which also enables sealing of these exposed dentin tubules . It is poss... |
Shear wave elastography (swe) measures the shear wave velocity (swv) generated by the acoustic radiation force impulse (arfi). Thus, swe can be used to evaluate tissue stiffness, both quantitatively and objectively . Some authors have described the utility of swe for differentiating thyroid nodules from normal surround... |
Rhabdomyolysis is defined as a clinical and biochemical syndrome resulting from the lysis of skeletal muscle cells . It usually affects healthy individuals following excessive physical activity, trauma, infections, use of medications or illicit drugs and other toxic agent s consumption . They result due to an inability... |
It is well known that the maternal cardiovascular system undergoes significant circulatory changes, including increases in cardiac output (co) and blood volume and reductions in systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure.1,2 although these physiological adaptations are well tolerated by healthy woman, they migh... |
To test and quantify the usual amount of a surgeon's manual distraction force applied to the spreader device for gap estimation during tka procedure, a conventional spreader (aesculap, tuttlingen, germany) was set on the instron universal tester (model 5567; instron, norwood, ma, usa). Three skilled orthopedic surgeons... |
Nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are the most widely prescribed group of therapeutic drugs worldwide, and include many common analgesics and anti - inflammatory agents.1 selective cox-2-is have demonstrated improved gastrointestinal tract (gi) safety over nonselective nsaids.23 the clinical trials have e... |
Diabetes mellitus is the major cause of end stage renal disease (esrd).1 about 20% of patients with either type 1 diabetes (t1 dm) or type 2 diabetes (t2 dm) develop nephropathy after many years of diabetes, but we cannot predict which patient will be affected, and the pathophysiological mechanisms that are critically ... |
, a resident must be exposed to a wide variety of complaints and presentations as a physician - in - training, which is reflected in the total number of patients seen . Resident productivity (defined as the number of patients evaluated per hour) becomes an important factor in maximizing exposure to a broad range of com... |
Since the 1970s, the idea that forced expiratory volume in 1-second (fev1) decline accelerates with age has been generally accepted . Fletcher and peto1 suggested a model of lung function decline across the lifespan of an individual the fletcher the fletcher peto curve, which was obtained by extrapolating data from 792... |
Avian influenza viruses (aivs) were previously considered to be species - specific, while wild aquatic birds and poultry are the primordial reservoirs . However, antigenic drifts and shifts, as well as genetic reassortment, of aivs afford considerable opportunities to cross the species barrier to infect mammals . A new... |
We do nt know that what the new anti - diabetic agents long - term or unknown rare side - effects are on patients . By the time, we will be experienced their rare or long - term side - effects together . In this case, we aim to make health care providers alert to focus on a possible side effect of sitagliptin that may ... |
All animal experiments followed the guidelines established by the arvo statement for the use of animals in ophthalmic and vision research and were approved by the institutional animal care and use committees . Conditional vegf ko mice were generated by mating floxed vegf mice with transgenic mice expressing cre recombi... |
The daphniphyllum alkaloids, a family of natural products numbering more than 200 members, have attracted considerable attention due to both their diverse biological activities and structural complexities . For example, in the late 1980s, heathcock and co - workers proposed an innovative biosynthetic pathway for these ... |
One advantage laparoscopy has over traditional open surgery is an excellent view of the operative field that can be shared by all persons involved in the surgical procedure . Often, open procedures provide suboptimal visualization for surgical residents in training because of the size of the skin incision or its locati... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.