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Vinyl - substituted cyclopropanes are readily accessible intermediates that are commonly used in synthesis . Release of the cyclopropane ring strain provides a driving force for a variety of radical and metal - mediated transformations . The archetypical transformation is the rearrangement of vinylcyclopropanes to cycl... |
As depicted in figure 1a, the cortical activation necessary to maintain wakefulness is supported by an extensive network of subcortical structures and pathways . Major neurochemicals of this ascending arousal system include excitatory norepinephrine arising from the locus ceruleus (lc), serotonin from the midline raphe... |
Studies that only infuse oxytocin into participants and then make claims about human behavior are suspect . This approach does not identify what the brain itself is doing during social interactions, including neurochemical promotion and inhibition of oxytocin synthesis and dose - response relationships between oxytocin... |
Gaucher's disease is a progressive, debilitating, and some times life threatening disease . Symptoms of gaucher's disease can appear at any age, often at a very late age . It is the most common lysosomal storage disorder, gene defect leads to deficiency or decreased activity glucocerebrosidase followed by accumulation ... |
A 23-year - old male with no significant prior medical history underwent arthroscopic surgery due to a cruciate ligament injury five months before being referred to the department of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery in busan paik hospital . After surgery, a pulsatile mass was palpable around the previous surgical woun... |
The use of acid - suppressive medication is rapidly increasing . In the western world, proton pump inhibitors (ppis) are second only to statins in expenditures, and antisecretory medication constitutes a substantial part of the medical budget in the denmark and other western countries [13]. Most of the increased use of... |
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) has raised the life expectancy, reduced the incidence of opportunistic infections and improved the quality of life of hiv-1-infected individuals . Aids - related mortality in children has decreased significantly with the wide availability of cart . During recent years, multiple... |
Filarial nematodes of the genus setaria comprise more than 40 species of veterinary importance (sonin, 1977). The life cycle of setaria spp . Requires mosquitoes as obligate vectors that take up first stage microfilaria when blood - feeding on infected ungulates (anderson, 2000). Several mosquito species, mainly of the... |
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which results from defects in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, and increased glucose production by the liver [13]. The liver plays a critical role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis by ... |
Familial lecithin - cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency (fld) and fish eye disease (fed) are autosomal recessive disorders arising out of mutation in the lcat gene, which encodes for the enzyme lecithin - cholesterol acyltransferase . Patients with classic fld develop nephrotic syndrome progressing to end - stage re... |
The quest for a therapeutic to ameliorate ischemic and traumatic brain injury is certainly a noble ideal, but, thus far, a futile endeavor . In the previous issue of critical care, loetscher and colleagues provided further evidence that the inert, noble gases may have ameliorative properties in the setting of acute neu... |
Design and use of oligomers for pcr and hybridization is a common practice in molecular biology . The other possibility is a de novo design, using one of the numerous stand - alone softwares or web tools, such as primers 3 (1), primique (2) and oligo 7 (3). In many cases, primers specific for group of sequences are loo... |
More detail on the design of the underlying effectiveness trial and its clinical outcomes can be found in a companion publication11 and at http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/nct00718796 . In brief, the trial recruited workers aged 25 to 65 years, with a current primary care physician from three canada post corporation ... |
Female nod / ltj and nod.scid mice were obtained from the jackson laboratory (bar harbor, me) and maintained under pathogen - free conditions . Nod mice were screened for hyperglycemia at 12 weeks of age and diagnosed with diabetes when two consecutive glucose levels were> 200 mg / dl (2). Glucose levels were measured ... |
Polycystic kidney diseases (pkds) are a large family of disorders characterized by the formation and growth of renal cysts often leading to end - stage renal disease (esrd). The most common inherited pkds can be transmitted as autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive traits . Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disea... |
A central question in neuroscience is the mechanism by which memories can be preserved for years . Long - term memories are at least in part encoded as specific patterns, or engrams, of strengthened synapses [1, 2], and long - term synaptic potentiation (ltp) persists for months in vivo . How can specific groups of syn... |
Viruses and cells: the 766 bvdv isolates were kindly provided from 14 livestock hygiene service centers in hokkaido prefecture, japan, from 2006 to 2014 . These viruses were isolated from serum, buffy coat, nasal discharge, pleural effusion, fecal specimen or emulsion of an organ (lung, liver, kidney, spleen, heart or ... |
Insufficiency fractures occur in weakened bones unable to withstand even the stresses of normal daily activities . Spine, pelvis and long bones of lower extremities are common sites of insufficiency fracture . Cases of sternal insufficiency fracture have been rarely reported in an elderly patient with osteoporosis or c... |
Forward head posture is anterior positioning of the cervical spine, which is regarded as a bad head posture and is commonly found in patients who experience problems with the head and neck1 . Particularly, forward head posture is frequently found in people sitting in front of a computer for prolonged periods . Load inc... |
In the previous issue of critical care, nakos and colleagues presented interesting experimental research in sheep, reporting beneficial effects of the prone position on the damage of mechanical ventilation (mv) on lung tissue and apoptosis in several vital organs . These observations are an interesting addition to a nu... |
Pollens are important allergens which trigger symptoms in patients with allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (ar) and asthma . Pollens during pollination period generally trigger asthma . At the time of seasonal peaks, large number of pollen grains are liberated from the trees and remain suspended in the air . I... |
Drug addiction is a multifactorial disorder caused by the interaction of individual and environmental factors . Among the underlying factors that contribute to an enhanced predisposition to drug addiction are the existence of a vulnerable personality or phenotype [15], early exposure to drugs of abuse [68], and the pre... |
The pol3/cdc2 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes the catalytic subunit of the dna polymerase . The coding sequence includes a catalytic domain, a nucleotide binding domain, and an exonuclease proofreading site . Pol has a primase activity and is involved in initiation of both the leading and lagging strands . Bot... |
Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (fjhn1; mim 162000) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by defective urinary concentrating ability, gouty arthritis, interstitial nephritis, and chronic renal failure . It is a genetically heterogeneous condition, caused due to mutation in three genes: uromodulin... |
Escherichia fergusonii was described as a new species of the genus escherichia, family enterobacteriaceae in 1985 . It is closely related to e. coli, with whom it shares many of its biochemical properties and resembles the genus salmonella in the lack of lactose breakdown activity . When first identified, the clinical ... |
One hundred sixty - four maine clinics were contacted in february 2003 and invited to join the study; 69 of these agreed to participate . Clinics were instructed to record results of all idexx 3dx lyme disease tests that were conducted as part of a routine health screen, to record town of residence, and to record if a ... |
A 29-year - old female patient reported to the department of periodontics with a complaint of progressive spacing between maxillary right central and lateral incisors . The patient reported a history of composite restoration 2 years back in relation to tooth #7 in a private dental clinic . Following 6 months of restora... |
Culturally sensitive dialog tools promoting patient - provider communication and healthy behaviors improve patient outcomes . However, few studies explicate methods of achieving cultural sensitivity in interventions like diabetes education, including how and if members of the target population were involved . (e.g. Mat... |
Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal death worldwide with one million deaths directly resulting from premature birth . More children under the age of 5 years die due to preterm birth than to aids, malaria, or tuberculosis recently, the importance of epigenetics as a regulator of gene expression has become app... |
Inherited retinal diseases include some of the commonest causes of blindness in the developed world [1, 2]. Prominent examples included age - related macular degeneration (amd), diabetic retinopathy, and the numerous monogenic conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa (rp), stargardt's disease, and x - linked retinoschis... |
Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor, and cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of premature morbidity and mortality in china . The joint national committee 7 (jnc 7) report describes prehypertension as an independent category of blood pressure . With the exception of people who take antihypertensive ... |
The isolation and initial characterization of tm171 - 03 have been described elsewhere (2). For genomic sequencing, rna was extracted from infected vero cell culture supernatant (second vero cell passage from the original brain material, designated v2) using the qiaamp kit (qiagen inc ., valencia, ca), reverse transcri... |
Acute kidney injury (aki) is a common complication that occurs in some of the hospitalized patients especially in intensive care units . Renal ischemia reperfusion (ir) is one of the most important causative mechanisms of aki . Renal ir injury may also lead to the failure of other systems like lung, brain, and liver [1... |
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (t2d) has increased significantly over the last several decades (24, 42), and management of the disease presents a significant health challenge . T2d is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose and insulin insensitivity, and can lead to many health complications, including the de... |
A biotage 5 ml microwave vial containing a stirring bar was charged with [rh(acac)(co2)] (2 mol%, 4.3 mg, 0.0166 mmol), (r, r)-ph - bpe (3 mol%, 12.6 mg, 0.0249 mmol) and paraformaldehyde (6 equiv, 150 mg). The vial was sealed with a crimp cap, purged with three vacuum / argon cycles and left under an argon atmosphere ... |
To report an unusual case of suicide attempt secondary complicated of pulmonary and systemic embolisms . A 49-year - old - woman, with a factor v leiden mutation and a notion of chronic depression, admitted to our intensive care unit for a suicide attempt by ingestion ofmepronizine and lormetazepam . We report the rare... |
Image bioinformatics as a field is characterized by an odd mixture of tremendous advances in its computational statistics aspects while suffering from a persistent resistance to their use by biomedical domain experts . The image analysis platform with the deepest domain penetration in the research community is probably... |
According to the latest classification of the world health organization classification of tumors published 2008th in lyon, molecular, biological and clinical studies have recognized within non hodgkin lymphoma - diffuse large b cell lymphoma (dlbc) morphological, molecular and immunohistochemical subgroups and entities... |
Convenience of administration and patient compliance are gaining significant importance in the design of dosage forms . Recently more stress is laid down on the development of organoleptically elegant and patient friendly drug delivery systems . Although various novel and advanced drug delivery systems have been introd... |
For a long time, child protection in general has been perceived as a matter for the professionals specializing in social service, health, mental health, and justice systems . However, this problem remains a duty to all, and more so a concern for other social scientists such as anthropologists, economists, historians, p... |
Antimicrobial cationic peptides are host defense molecules produced by the innate immune system of organisms all across the evolutionary spectrum . Indolicidin, encoded by a member of cathelicidin gene family, a cationic antimicrobial tridecapeptide amide (h - ile - leu - pro - trp - lys - trp - pro - trp - trp - pro -... |
A 63-year - old man underwent open left nephrectomy for a nonfunctional kidney secondary to stricture urethra . He also had bilateral inguinal hernia for which he underwent bilateral inguinal hernia repair with mesh reconstruction . An abscess developed over the site of previous epidural puncture, which ruptured and dr... |
Posterior cervical fixation by lateral mass screw insertion and rod fixationhas been frequently used to manage instability caused by trauma, extensive laminectomy state, and destruction by tumors . This technique was first described by roy - camille et al.21), and several modified techniques of lateral mass screw inser... |
Alcoholic liver - disease patients frequently display evidence of iron overload [15]. Alcohol - induced iron overload enhances the production of free radicals and proinflammatory cytokines [6, 7]. However, the underlying mechanisms of iron accumulation observed in alcoholic liver disease are unclear . We and others hav... |
The goals of total knee arthroplasty (tka) are to relieve pain, maintain knee function and kinematics, and restore stability and range of motion (rom) to facilitate daily activities . Of these, restoration of rom has been considered important especially in eastern countries where high flexion is required for religious ... |
In this paper i summarize our recent investigations (park and kim, phys chem c 111:14903, 2007; solid state ionics 179:1329, 2008) on the origin of the grain - boundary resistance in a doped lagao3, a perovskite - structured solid electrolyte . The partial electronic and ionic resistances of the bulk and the grain boun... |
As the most common form of dementia, alzheimer disease is characterized by progressive loss of memory and deterioration of cognitive functions . It is predicted that about 75.63 million people would suffer from dementia by 2030 . Accordingly, in the present study, the intended remedy was selected and an appropriate pha... |
Asian americans comprise the fastest growing immigrant population in the united states (usa) and currently number about 18 million or 6% of the total usa population . Vietnamese americans represent the fourth largest subgroup of asian americans with 1.6 million individuals . A significant proportion of vietnamese ameri... |
Over the last two decades, morphological cardiac changes induced by athletic conditioning have been of great interest.1 several studies have been orchestrated to delineate features of the athlete s heart such as left ventricular (lv) and left atrial remodelling.2 accordingly, relevant studies are still being performed ... |
Autophagy, or the process of degradation of intracellular components in lysosomes, has been traditionally linked to cellular energy balance and to the cellular nutritional status [1, 2]. In fact, although during the recent revival of the autophagic process, most of the emphasis has been placed on its role in other cell... |
Acute lung injury (ali) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) are life - threatening syndromes that cause high morbidity and mortality . Epidemiologic data have revealed that the incidence of ali / ards varies widely by geographic location . The incidence ranges from 64.2 to 78.9 cases/100.000 person - years i... |
We present a case of a papillary urothelial bladder carcinoma in a direct inguinal hernia . A 79-year - old man presented to our department with a swelling in the left groin evolving over 10 years without any symptoms . The patient was operated using the transurethral resection of bladder tumor (tur - bt) technique 3 m... |
Cognitive impairment caused by various diseases associated with the aging of the population has become a recent concern1 . Although many studies have been done on patients with cognitive disorders, a clinical screening tool for specific cognitive characteristics has not been developed3 . Stroke patients show cognitive ... |
Gestational trophoblastic disease (gtd) encompasses a spectrum of pregnancy - related disorders that includes benign, pre - malignant disorders (complete and partial hydatidiform mole), and persistent, malignant disorders (invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor and epithelial trophoblastic t... |
Intussusception is not a rare disease in children, however in adults it accounts for only 1% of bowel obstructions, and 5% of all intussusceptions . We herein report a preoperatively diagnosed case of adult intussusception caused by a small bowel lipoma . A 33-year - old man was admitted to our hospital with three week... |
Ropivacaine is a local anaesthetic (la) effective for both intraoperative anaesthesia and post - operative analgesia . For peripheral nerve blockade, however, the lower lipid solubility of ropivacaine causes greater sensory and motor differential blockade . Though this is an advantage when analgesia with minimal motor ... |
3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl coenzyme a (hmg - coa) reductase inhibitors (statins) are cholesterol - lowering drugs which work by blocking the rate - limiting step in the cholesterol synthesis pathway (fig . 1). Stains are the most frequently and widely used medication in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, diabetes,... |
We included all children up to the age of 18 years, who sustained ocular injuries with firecrackers and presented to us during the festive season of diwali from 2009 to 2013 on 3 consecutive days - the day of diwali, 1 day before, and 1 day after diwali . The study was conducted in a tertiary care eye center in tamil n... |
It has a profound impact on every aspect of quality of life and is thus the dominant cause of total suffering for cancer patients even though pain relief is achievable in more than 90% of the cases . Inadequate pain relief in practice is well documented and can involve up to 40% of patients . Nurses have a key role in ... |
Reticulate acropigmentation of kitamura (rak) and dowling - degos disease (ddd) are part of a spectrum of rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis, characterized by progressive, symmetric and asymptomatic reticulated pigmented macules affecting the dorsa of the hands, in the former, and the flexures, in the latter . Hype... |
The metabolic syndrome (ms) consists of multiple and interrelated risk factors of metabolic origin that appear to directly promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease . The ms strongly associates with type 2 diabetes mellitus, or the risk for this condition . Although the exact etiology of the ms ... |
The evolution of the nervous system in the animal kingdom is currently under major debate in evolutionary developmental biology and comparative embryology 1 . In this context, the evolutionary path that leads to the morphological complexity of the nervous system passes through the invertebrate / vertebrate transition .... |
In the analysis of the overall evolution of life on the planet the tree of life (tol) hypothesis has dominated for almost two centuries, though networks, ladders and other kinds of structures have been employed both before and since the tol hypothesis became established . Naturally, because the tol hypothesis predated ... |
A medline search revealed a report of olanzapine - induced hyponatremia, and three such cases have been reported at a dutch pharmacovigilance centre . Hyponatremia has also been reported with other typical and atypical antipsychotics . A systemic review by meulendijks et al . Included four studies and 91 publications c... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40119 - 015 - 0050 - 2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Current guidelines call for lifelong aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid; asa) with consideration of up to 6 months of clopidogrel following transcatheter aortic valve replacement... |
Carbon nanotubes (cnts) belong to the nanomaterials family . Due to their unique specific properties (e.g., size, strength, and electrical conductivity), their use is planned in many industrial areas, including electronics, the medical and pharmaceutical industries, and aeronautics . Cnts make up a complex family, comp... |
The medial entorhinal cortex is critically involved in spatial navigation and memory . Among other functionally specialized cell types 2008), it contains grid cells (hafting et al ., 2005), spatially modulated neurons which show periodic, hexagonally arranged spatial firing fields . Given the striking regularity and in... |
However, several fractures of glenoid fossa are managed nonoperatively, even if displaced, due to high incidence of associated injuries which may render patient unfit to undergo major orthopaedic surgery . There is a relative paucity of articles reporting on outcome of treatment of glenoid fossa fractures . We present ... |
The congenital dermal sinus (cds) is a type of closed spinal dysraphism in which an epithelium - lined sinus tract from the dorsal skin surface extends inwards for a variable distance . It occurs during neurulation when the neural groove closes to form the neural tube on day 26 of gestation and results from a failure o... |
Subjects with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection are at increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis, and chronic hepatitis [24]. Hong kong, as part of china, is a high - prevalence area for hbv infection according to the who definition, and antenatal screening for maternal infection, in the form of scr... |
High dose rate brachytherapy treatment is accepted as a highly effective and safe mode of treatment of various cancers . The irradiation of the healthy organs is unavoidable during brachytherapy treatments although the maximum dose is delivered to tumor volume . The doses to the healthy organs being considerably high, ... |
T1d is characterized by progressive autoimmune / autoinflammatory destruction of pancreatic -cells over a period of years, resulting in absolute insulin deficiency and the need for lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration . In addition, t1d increases the high risk of one or more acute and late disease - ... |
Study area - posadas is located on the northeastern border of argentina (2723 s 5553w, 120 m above sea level) and is the most populated city of misiones, with more than 320,000 inhabitants (national institute of statistics and census 2010) (indec.com.ar). The city is located on the shore of the paran river in the paran... |
Cutaneous complications caused by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome have been reported, including, all kinds of opportunistic infections, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, hairy leucoplakia, and granuloma annulare, among others . Alopecia areata and vitiligo are generally frequent i... |
Follicular lymphoma (fl) cases comprise approximately 35 and 22% of all adult non - hodgkin lymphomas in the usa and worldwide, respectively . Fl has a chronic relapsing - remitting disease course, and there are several treatment options ranging from watchful waiting to chemoimmunotherapy using rituximab in combination... |
Current guidelines recommend implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) implantation for brugada syndrome (brs) patients with a history of ventricular fibrillation (vf). However; patients whose first presentation is vf are at high risk of recurrent vf episodes and/or electrical storm . Here we report a case of brs wh... |
A 67-year - old female presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain secondary to diverticulitis and was found to have a large left renal mass . The patient's medical history was significant for hyperlipidemia and diverticulitis; however, there was no past or family medical history of urologic malignancies . An a... |
Systemic local anesthetic toxicity is a rare but potentially fatal complication that is intractable to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation . Systemic local anesthetic toxicity also has a risk of progressing to " recurrent systemic local anesthetic toxicity after successful resuscitation " . Intravenous infusion ... |
Skeletal muscle glucose uptake is the rate - limiting step of glucose utilization, and it is physiologically regulated by an insulin - dependent and an insulin - independent signaling pathways, both leading to the translocation of glut4 glucose transporter to the plasma membrane . While insulin - stimulated glucose uti... |
The pioneering studies of ramon y cajal demonstrated that injured neurons in the central nervous system (cns) have a strong capacity to extend new axons into the peripheral nervous system (pns; cajal, 1928). This observation was reinvestigated by aguayo and colleagues (richardson et al ., 1980; aguayo et al ., 1987) ca... |
United nations estimated that, in 2006, the number of elderly people in the world was 678,923,000, which is expected to increase to 1,968,153,000 by 2050 . In iran, the population is moving toward senility . According to the latest statistics of population census in 2011, lifestyle modification and paying attention to ... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13539 - 011 - 0027 - 5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Cachexia is a term originating from the greek: kakos and hexis meaning bad condition . The cachectic state is observed in many pathological conditions such as cancer, chroni... |
The role of obesity in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease has received considerable attention since the discovery of biologically active adipose - tissue - derived circulatory proteins (adipocytokines) [13]. It is proposed over- or underproduction of adipocytokines in overweight individuals generates an adipose - sp... |
Cancer is an aberrant net accumulation of atypical cells, which can arise from an excess of proliferation, an insufficiency of apoptosis, or a combination of the two . The frequency of apoptosis could contribute to cell loss in tumours and promote tumour regression . Thus, in cancer therapy, the focus is on strategies ... |
Stabilization exercise is an effective intervention method for relieving the pain and dysfunction associated with low back pain and for decreasing its recurrence . Stabilization exercise programs typically include the motor control training of abdominal muscle . Among the abdominal muscles, the transversus abdominis (t... |
Enantiomerically pure alcohols and amines constitute important synthetic building blocks and key targets in the manufacturing of a wide range of chemical products, such as agrochemicals, food additives, fragrances, and pharmaceuticals . Consequently, significant efforts have been dedicated to the enantioselective synth... |
Over - the - counter (otc) and prescription drug misuse are the nonmedical use of medication, which is used without a prescription or for the feeling caused by the drug . Otc and prescription drugs are fast becoming the drugs of choice for adolescents, with the national center on addiction and substance abuse reporting... |
Complementary and alternative medicine (cam) is an additional health care system, comprising mind / body practices and natural products that are not regarded as part of conventional medicine12). Conventional medicine is used together when complementary medicine is applied, and alternative medicine is employed instead o... |
Abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, flooding, temperature extremes, and improper agricultural techniques have a negative impact on final yield of cultivated plants . Drought triggers the signal transduction of the phytohormone abscisic acid, aba, a key hormone involved in stomata closure to reduce transpiration . ... |
The health effects of smoking are well - documented and it is estimated that half of those who smoke and fail to stop will die from their habit . Cigarette smoking is the major cause of many chronic and deadly diseases, such as, heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, ... |
Undescended testis is one of the most common disorders of childhood, with a rate of 3.68% among full - term infants managed by surgical correction . Surgical intervention is warranted during early infancy to avoid secondary degeneration of the testis, to improve fertility later, to help with the detection of malignancy... |
A 67-year - old female patient with adrenal insufficiency in drug - induced hepatic failure previously had a cancer on the left breast, which had been treated by modified radical mastectomy followed by an unknown regimen of adjuvant chemotherapy . Thereafter, she had experienced jaundice with mental change and had been... |
The first two - dimensional (2d) and three - dimensional (3d) superlattices were observed with ag2s and cdse nanocrystals, respectively [1 - 4]. Since then, many researchers have studied various self - organized lattices of silver [5 - 14], gold [15 - 25], cobalt, and cobalt oxide . Thiol - stabilized gold nanoparticle... |
In the management of patients with stiff thoracic scoliosis and kyphosis, anterior spinal release is helpful in increasing the spinal flexibility and therefore, the result of deformity correction . However, cutting of the chest - wall muscles is associated with complications such as reduced ventilation, post - operativ... |
Vitamin d deficiency is prevalent in the us and has been attributed to multiple medical problems including rickets in children and osteoporosis in older adults . In addition to skeletal problems, deficient vitamin d states have been linked to extra - skeletal diseases including cardiovascular disease in some observatio... |
The assessment of a new medical procedure requires comprehensive evaluation of all conceivable benefits and risks . In the context of coronary computed tomography angiography (ccta), measurements of the absorbed radiation dose using 64 row detector ct have been assessed and results previously published . Despite public... |
During the development of occlusion of teeth, a pediatric dentist is often faced with some challenging situations where deviations from the normal eruption sequence, position or abnormalities in the morphology of the teeth are observed . There are a series of factors that can influence the normal development of the occ... |
Orthodontic treatment ensures proper alignment of the teeth and improves the occlusal and jaw relationship . This not only aids in better mastication, speech, and facial aesthetics, but also contributes to general and oral health, thereby improving the quality of life . Like any other treatment modalities, orthodontic ... |
As surgical specialties, neurosurgery and ophthalmology require the development of dexterity and skills for a variety of surgical procedures . In delicate organs such as the central nervous system and eye, the surgeon's individual skills play a crucial role in determining patients outcome . Hence, the emphasis has been... |
Over the past few decades, and particularly since the world summit for children in 1990, there has been growing interest in measuring child mortality, both as a health indicator and as a basic measure of human development . More than 8 million children die each year all over the world and child mortality has received s... |
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