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Central noradrenergic pathways are involved in regulating cardiovascular function, as well as in the control of food intake [3, 4]. Norepinephrine (ne) levels and sympathetic activity are responsive to stressors and glycemic fluctuations [57]. Central - acting pharmacological compounds that have actions on norepinephri... |
Uric acid (ua) is an end product of purine base metabolism and an antioxidant agent . Serum ua concentration is influenced by several factors such as overproduction, decreased glomerular filtration or renal hypoperfusion, enhanced tubular reabsorption or diminished elimination . That is degraded by urate oxidase (ureas... |
In keeping with the mission of a liberal arts education, denison s neuroscience concentration provides our students with a challenging interdisciplinary perspective on the complex relationships between brain and behavior . In this way, students who pursue the concentration are exposed to a number of perspectives within... |
Despite recent developments in adhesive dentistry to reduce the number of working steps and to simplify the clinical procedure, bonding to dentin and complete sealing of the exposed dentinal surfaces remained problematic.1 the new simplified adhesives do not produce better results in in vitro tests2 or improve clinical... |
Although the efficacy and effectiveness, as well as the cost - effectiveness, of screening and brief alcohol interventions (sbi) have been shown to be strong, the implementation of sbi into routine care practice has not been satisfactory; it seems to be difficult to motivate health care professionals to deliver sbi [16... |
Under various experimental conditions the onset of atrial fibrillation (af) has been attributed to aberrant electrical impulses originating in the area of the left atrium (la) providing a left to right atrial (ra) gradient for the initiation and perpetuation of reentry circuits . In turn these multiple circuits constit... |
Clinical studies have already confirmed a strong relationship between obesity and hypertension with visceral obesity seeming to represent the most important risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease . Although the exact mechanism of how obesity is a cause of hypertension is unknown, many theories have bee... |
We report the case of a 25-year - old caucasian male who developed an acute right scrotum secondary to bile within peritoneal fluid that entered the scrotum through a previously undiagnosed communicating hydrocele . To the best of our knowledge, approximately 10 ml to 15 ml of bile was spilled during the procedure afte... |
According to the national statistical office (nso) of korea, korea became an aging society when elderly people above the age of 65 make up 13.1% of the population in 20151 . The nso of korea expects the population of the elderly would be 14.3% in 20182 . Although the increase in population of the elderly can be conside... |
Shm is characterized by specific types of base substitutions in the variable portion of immunoglobulin genes which occur at a million - fold higher frequency than normal somatic mutations (10/bp versus 10/bp). V region mutations at g: c and a: t sites occur on both strands of dna in vivo . Mutations at g: c sites tend ... |
, stroke patients can usually recover to some extent, which may be related to structural and functional modifications in surviving brain tissue . Studies on stroke rats and patients have revealed that spontaneous recovery of the motor function after stroke is associated with brain plasticity [15]. Neuroimaging techniqu... |
Accurately computing the free energy of binding a ligand to a protein is a task of essential importance in biochemical and biophysical studies that still presents us considerable difficulty to overcome . An effective approach in the current literature is to use the relationship between the potential of mean force (pmf)... |
Hydrometrocolpos is a rare congenital anomaly formed by cystic dilatation of vagina and uterus due to conditions like imperforated hymen, distal vaginal atresia or transverse vaginal septum . Ca 19 - 9 is widely used as a tumor marker for cancers of the pancreas, stomach, colon, cholangial duct, ovaries, endometrium, a... |
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal and second most common gynecologic malignancy in the united states, with an estimated 21,980 new cases and 14,270 deaths expected in 2014 . First progression typically occurs within 18 months, and overall survival (os) is typically <4 years [25]. Most patients are present with advanced... |
Since 2004, the province of quebec has devoted significant efforts to unify the governance of the main health and social care organizations of its various territories . Notwithstanding the uniformity of the national plan s prescription, the territorial integration modalities greatly vary across the province . This rese... |
Ozone is an important disinfecting agent due to its antibacterial action . Recent research revealed the bactericidal action of ozone against s. mutans and other bacteria commonly found in cervical carious lesions . In these studies, a 20 s healozone application resulted in a 99.9% reduction in microorganisms . Since it... |
The popular surgical methods among tissue grafts include thin thiersch's graft, suction blister graft, punch grafting and mini punch grafting (mpg). It is indicated in almost all sites especially in acral vitiligo involving palms, fingers, nipples and lips . The time consumed in mpg using punches of less than 1.5 mm is... |
Acute sacroiliac joint pyogenic infections are rare and account for 1 - 2% of orthopedic infections . Up to 60% of these patients have predisposing risk factors such as previous trauma, immune deficiency, intra - venous drug abuse, pelvic inflammatory diseases and pregnancy . Most of the reports however are of cases in... |
Infectious diseases are the second - most common cause of death (after cardiovascular disease) in end - stage renal disease (esrd) patients . Cardiovascular diseases and infections account for 50% and 20%, respectively, of all deaths in esrd patients (2). Currently, the number of patients that require dialysis as a res... |
Many japanese women experience health issues associated with menstruation; these can include menstrual pain also referred to as dysmenorrhea, heavy menstrual bleeding (hmb) also referred to as menorrhagia, and premenstrual syndrome (pms).13 dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological complaint associated with menstru... |
Data on case investigation timelines in 2002 were collected from records at state and local health departments and public health laboratories in each of 6 states for <100 salmonella spp . Participating states included 1 with a large population (> 6 million), 3 with a medium - sized population, and 2 with a small (<2 mi... |
In spite of the efficacy of standard androgen deprivation therapy for metastasis tumors of prostate gland, almost all of the patients progress with their disease . In the last few years the prostate tumors progress although the androgen blockade is defined as castration - resistant prostate cancer despite obvious effor... |
Japanese encephalitis, one of the leading forms of endemic encephalitis in eastern and southern asia, is caused by japanese encephalitis virus (jev), which belongs to the family flaviviridae . Approximately 45,000 cases of the disease are reported annually, resulting in 10,000 to 15,000 deaths . The clinical symptoms i... |
Causality assessment of adverse drug reactions (adrs) is formally undertaken by the pharmaceutical industry, regulators and researchers in clinical trials but rarely by clinicians . For example, regulatory authorities use causality assessment to assess spontaneous adr reports to help with signal detection and inform ri... |
Though a vertebral artery (va) anomaly is rare, tokuda et al.10) have reported that in a series of 300 va angiograms, 2.3% had va anomalies . Mostly cases are asymptomatic, but a few cases have been reported with cervical pain, occipital pain, and myelopathy . Here, we report a rare case of cervical compressive myelopa... |
Atopic dermatitis (ad) is a most common chronic inflammatory skin disease, affecting about 10 million people in the world, leading to a significant reduction in quality of life, and its incidence is continuously increasing in westernized countries [1, 2]. The pathogenesis of ad is unknown, but the disease seems to be c... |
Acute kidney injury (aki) is a severe complication of several different clinical conditions . Apart from intrinsic renal diseases (i.e., glomerulonephritis, acute tubular necrosis, and interstitial nephritis) or postrenal diseases triggered by an obstruction along the urinary tract, aki development is mainly related wi... |
Compound 1 was isolated as a white powder after multiple rounds of chromatography . High - resolution mass spectrometry gave a protonated molecule at m / z 317.1747 [m + h]. This datum is consistent with a molecular formula of c19h24o4 and indicated eight double - bond equivalents . The carbon spectrum showed seven sp ... |
Recently, a covered self - expandable metal stent (sems) is being used . The advantages of the covered sems is prolonged patency, lower failure, few complications, and more easiness in its removal.1 however, a rare complication of stent fracture is reported due to the possibility of metal fatigue, tearing of polyuretha... |
Incidence in the head and neck region is rare and it is usually found in muscles of the extremity . In the head and neck region, involvement of temporalis, masseter, buccinator, platysma, and sternocleidomastoid muscles is known . Fifty - one cases of myositis ossificans traumatica involving the head and neck region ha... |
Due to the habit of eating raw foods, parasitic infection does occur in many developing areas of the world . Humans are accidental hosts and become infected by ingesting third - stage larvae from raw intermediate hosts such as snails, slugs, frogs, prawns, and crabs . Infection has also rarely occurred by consuming con... |
Participants were selected from the framingham heart study multidetector ct substudy of the community - based framingham heart study offspring cohort; inclusion criteria have been described previously (1). Beginning in 1971, the offspring study enrolled the offspring and spouses of the offspring whose parents were in t... |
Obesity, declared a global epidemic by the world health organization, is associated with a number of illnesses such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer (http://www.who.int). Equally, obesity is a significant risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (osa), the most prevalent sleep disordered breathing problem ... |
Much of the extant research on weight loss and weight management in adults has focused on the factors associated with adherence during, or after, programs which are typically staged in academic or clinical settings, using randomized controlled designs [1, 2]. Despite the controlled settings and the high level of staff ... |
Aortic dissection is a life - threatening condition affecting up to 30 people per million each year . It remains a devastating disease with one of the highest mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases and multiple unanswered questions regarding treatment . Endovascular repair of uncomplicated acute aortic type b disse... |
Cancer survivors are at an increased risk for developing cancers compared to the general population . In the united states, where cancer survivors comprise 3.5% of the total population, approximately 10% of all new cancers are diagnosed from a population of cancer survivors, and 8% of survivors have been affected by ca... |
Excess or prolonged inflammation can cause harm even though it is essentially beneficial to maintaining homeostasis . Systemic inflammatory response syndrome can result in multiple organ failure, which is associated with a high death rate . Polymorphonuclear (pmn) cells form an essential part of early induced innate im... |
Closure of large soft tissue defects following ablative surgery or trauma, constitutes a substantial and common reconstructive challenge . Immediate primary suture closure of wounds is commonly the optimal solution because of its simplicity and acceptable outcome, yet it may be impeded by high - tension closure . The a... |
Renal tubular potassium (k) channels are involved in a wide spectrum of the transepithelial transport in the kidney [1, 2]. They contribute to the formation of the cell - negative potential, which serves as a driving force for the electrogenic passive transport of solutes, such as apical na entries through the na - glu... |
The restorative treatment of deep carious lesions in young permanent molars presents a challenge for dentists because complete caries removal can expose the pulp tissue, leading to more complex treatments such as an endodontic procedure . To avoid this, the complete removal of the carious tissue is no longer recommende... |
Renewable chemical fuels can be synthesized through solardriven electro, photo, and thermochemical splitting of co2 and h2o.1 the latter approach utilizes the entire spectrum of concentrated solar radiation as hightemperature process heat for the production of co and h2 (syngas) via metal oxide redox cycles.1b, 2 a cri... |
The original method to remove the epithelium before the excimer laser ablation was manual mechanical scraping, which was later enhanced by using an alcohol solution or brush . In 2003, camellin proposed a new alcohol - assisted technique called laser - assisted subepithelial keratectomy (lasek) that enabled the epithel... |
Clinical and epidemiological studies have identified several factors that increase the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attack . These factors include gender, ageing, heredity, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, physical inactivity, obesity and overweight, and diabetes mellitus . Risk factors often oc... |
Introduction of ocular response analyzer (ora) provided a simple but reliable method to assess the cornea in clinical settings as well.1 keratoconus is a noninflammatory disease, which affects mainly the central cornea and leads both anatomical and biomechanical changes in corneal tissue.2 corneal hysteresis (ch) and c... |
The first reports of the existence of a factor stimulating blood formation were reported in 1906, when carnot and deflandre discovered the substance in rabbit blood and called it hematopoietin . However, the relationship between erythropoiesis and hypoxia were discovered a just few years earlier in 1893 by meischer . I... |
Complex fractures of the tibial plateau are difficult to treat and present a high complication rate . The goal of this report is to describe a combined biological and mechanical approach to restore all morphological and functional knee properties . We treated a 50-year - old woman, who was affected by a posttraumatic o... |
The reverse shoulder prosthesis is one surgical option for treatment of cuff tear arthropathy and shoulder pseudoparalysis resulting from a massive cuff tear, severe fractures, prosthetic revision, and tumor surgery . Owing to the mechanical advantage of a medialized center of rotation, the reverse shoulder prosthesis ... |
Major depressive disorder (mdd) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, with a lifetime prevalence of 17% in the united states and 4% worldwide (eaton et al ., 2008, kessler et al ., 2005). In terms of years lost to disability, mdd is considered one of the most disabling medical conditions and is predicted to ... |
Reliable estimates of population sizes of target species are of central importance to many conservation programs . Density estimates provide baseline data on species abundance and allow the monitoring of population sizes, which is important in assessing the suitability of conservation strategies . However, few studies ... |
Modified and deformable bioactive substrates can enhance osteoblast adhesion and proliferation . The surface reactivity and interfacial adhesion of such substrates to bone cells can be attributed to the nature / type of surface modifications and functionalized layers attached to the bioactive materials . Bone cells tra... |
It is important to understand the mechanism of the oxidatively generated damage to guanines in dna . The reason is that the damage causes mutations and cancer, and it is an obstacle to use dna as a molecular device. (1) in the case of the damage due to a one - electron oxidant, the reactions occur as follows . It then ... |
The akaki river in ethiopia is purported to be contaminated with multiple toxic agents, including metals . The river runs through residential, commercial, and industrial areas of the capital city of addis ababa (figure 1), where it can be subjected to industrial (e.g., tanneries and battery factories) [13] and human (e... |
, brescia, italy) is an innovative pre - analytical specimen collection device that is compatible with all diagnostic tests, from culture to molecular amplifications assays . The flocked swab contains short nylon fibre strands attached to molded plastic, with a hydrophilic layer of nylon pile that results in efficient ... |
Spinal muscular atrophy (sma) is characterized by motor neuron degeneration with muscular atrophy, paralysis, and an attenuated lifespan . Sma exhibits an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance with an incidence of 1 in 6,00010,000 newborns and a carrier frequency of about 1: 35 [2, 3]. Based on age of onset and ac... |
In a low - temperature fuel cell, polarization often occurs at the oxygen electrode . In order to reduce the effect of polarization on the electrode, it is necessary to enhance the activity of the electrocatalysts involved in the oxygen reduction reaction . Frequently, spherical pt nanoparticles are used as the electro... |
The prefrontal cortex (pfc) is implicated in cognitive processes including working memory, temporal processing, decision making, flexibility, and goal - oriented behavior [14]. Alterations in some of these processes are observed in alzheimer's disease (ad) patients [5, 6], and they correlate with amyloid beta (a) pepti... |
The past two decades have witnessed major strides in the treatment of several pediatric and adult cancers, particularly with the use of multiagent chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and recently, monoclonal antibodies . Nevertheless, a subset of these patients will develop resistance to these modalities, leaving few trea... |
A 30-year - old male patient reported to the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics with decayed tooth and associated pain over his left mandibular region . The tooth exhibited no mobility, was mildly tender to percussion, and gave a negative response to heat test and a mild reaction to an electric pulp t... |
Advances in noninvasive technologies in cardiology are growing and improving both the diagnosis of heart disease and the guidance of therapy . There are currently many emerging technologies, which are being used in the alternative and complementary medicine practice, including computer meridian diagnostics and virtual ... |
In the pediatric population, the reported incidence of pheochromocytoma (pheo) is as high as 0.3 per million per year (1)., 56% of patients with sporadic pheo who are less than 18 yr of age have germline dna mutations (1). Genes thought to be associated with pheos include the ret proto - oncogene, vhl (von hippel - lin... |
Stimulation of enteric motor neuron releases many neurotransmitters and neuropeptides . To evoke post - junctional electrical responses, many ion channels in smooth muscle cells (smcs) or specialized cells (e.g., interstitial cells of cajal [icc] and platelet - derived growth factor receptor -positive [pdgfr] cells) ca... |
One of the main responsibilities of acute pain services (apss) is the provision of effective and safe postoperative pain relief . An unexpected or unintended event under anesthesia care, which causes or has the potential to lead to negative effects on the outcome if left to progress . In our hospital voluntary, anonymo... |
The reported rates range from 4% to 18%, with highest prevalence observed in people with temporal lobe seizures . Antipsychotic - induced seizures appear to be relatively uncommon in patients lacking risk factors, however, they have been found to induce electroencephalographic (eeg) abnormalities resembling seizure act... |
Hypovolemic shock, a condition in which tissue perfusion is disturbed to sustain aerobic metabolism, occurs due to improper low intravascular volume leading to decrease preload, stroke volume, and cardiac output [2, 3]. Hemorrhagic shock (hs) usually happens when trauma is accompanied with intense blood loss, and in su... |
Since the advent of nanotechnology, nanoscale particle - based sensors have attracted tremendous attention from scientists, because of their unique optical and electrical properties.14 localized surface plasmon resonance (lspr), which is recognized as one of the special optical properties of noble metallic nanoparticle... |
Optical coherence tomography (oct) is a noninvasive technique that provides high - resolution images of the macular layers.1 pars plana vitrectomy (ppv) with silicone oil (sio) tamponade has been used for complicated retinal detachment (rd) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (pvr) and proliferative diabetic retinopat... |
Today, clinical research is strongly regulated with the aim of ensuring that clinical trials are well designed and conducted in an ethical manner . In europe, several guidelines, directives and regulations pertaining to clinical trials have been released by the european parliament, council and commission [13]. One in p... |
It is well known that early diagnosis and management of neonatal infection is mandatory for outcome . Clinical difficulties in identifying early the infection in neonates and also in discriminating between bacterial and viral aetiology have led to the evaluation of several biomarkers including hematologic parameters, a... |
The importance of epidemiological monitoring of yeasts involved in pathogenic processes is unquestionable due to the increase of these infections over the last decade; so are the changes observed in species causing candidiasis and empirical antifungal treatment . Although c. albicans is the organism most often associat... |
Metal organic frameworks (mofs) are materials formed via the coordination of metal centers and organic linkers in three dimensions . The varied chemical compositions and structural topologies of mofs make them suitable for a broad range of applications including gas storage and separation, solar energy conversion, and ... |
Studies concerning the epidemiology in dentistry have showed that dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most prevalent pathologies that affect the oral cavity . Previous studies performed by american researchers had suggested that dental caries was the main reason for teeth extraction, and other studies accomp... |
Spinal cord injuries (scis) cause substantial social, economic, and health burdens . In the majority of cases, the spinal cord is not completely severed and thus some fiber tracts and segmental spinal cord circuits remain intact, which determine the preserved functions and provide the basis for functional restoration .... |
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (pres) is a clinico - radiological entity characterized by a varying combination of symptoms and signs that include impaired consciousness, seizure activity, headache, visual abnormalities, nausea / vomiting, and focal neurological deficits.16)27) this syndrome was first rep... |
Otitis media with effusion (ome) is a disease that's characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear . Despite the substantial investigation that has been done on ome, several cytokines, including interleukin-1beta (il-1), il-8 and tumor necrosis factor - alpha (tnf-), and complement c3 are considered to play ... |
The traditional approach to wound care was that it was delivered by individual specialists and disciplines . Gottrup proposed to gather these specialists and disciplines together in a single team to deliver standardized protocol based treatment with optimal resource allocation . The centres would deliver a broad spectr... |
Lower gastrointestinal (gi) bleed due to hemangioma in rectum is an uncommon problem . A hemangioma generally has a feeding and draining vessel and the collection of contrast in hemangioma helps in its identification during computed tomography (ct) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (mri). A 19-year - old female patien... |
The new zealand census - mortality study is a population - wide cohort study, in which the cohort consists of the entire 1996 resident population (n=3 732 000) and the outcome of interest is mortality . For this analysis, records from the 1996 census were anonymously linked to 3 years of subsequent mortality data, crea... |
A five - month - old male infant (weight, 6 kg; height, 64 cm) underwent elective repair of a large perimembranous - type ventricular septal defect (vsd). He had no discernible anomaly other than vsd; his preoperative routine laboratory values were all within normal limits, and he had no family history of genetic disea... |
Human cutaneous malignant melanoma (cmm) basically corresponds to an uncontrolled overgrowth of neoplastic melanocytes . However, the extracellular matrix (ecm) and the connective tissue cells adjacent to the neoplasm probably represent more than passive bystanders in cmm . The biology and prognostic significance of so... |
The role of bacteria in initiating and perpetuating pulp and periapical disease is well established . Therefore, the purpose of endodontic treatment is to eliminate microorganisms from the root canal system, and to prevent recontamination by creating a fluid - tight seal between the canal and the obturating material . ... |
The oregon health authority conducts active, laboratory - based surveillance for all cases of nts infection . Physicians and laboratories are required by law to report laboratory - confirmed and clinically suspected cases of salmonellosis to the patient s local health department; reports should contain the patient s da... |
Food allergy, the adverse immune response to foods, currently affects approximately 8% of children and 4% of adults . Its prevalence is rapidly increasing due to unknown reasons causing it to become a major public health concern in westernized and developed countries (12). Although hundreds of foods can trigger an alle... |
This study was approved by the institutional review board of the duke university health system, and all subjects participated with full informed consent . A group of 14 ophthalmic surgeons - in - training were recruited from duke university ophthalmology residents . The subjects were randomized into two groups balanced... |
Periodontal disease is an infection of the tooth supporting structure and is divided into two main groups of gingivitis and periodontitis . Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis that affects up to 30% of adults . In 713% of patients periodontal disease is initiated by the accumulation of bacter... |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (s1p), a highly active lipid mediator, exhibits a broad range of cellular activities including proliferation, survival, adhesion, and migration [1, 2]. S1p is critical for mammalian cardiac development and for maturation of the systemic circulatory system . These biological actions are carried o... |
Total knee arthroplasty (tka), involving the replacement of both sides of the knee joint, is an effective surgical treatment for patients with end - stage degenerative arthritis of the knee . The goal of tka is to relieve the pain and to improve the knee function and range of motion (rom) for activities of daily living... |
Considerable effort has been devoted to the study of gold nanoparticles with variable size and shape due to their unique geometry - dependent optical, electronic, and catalytic properties in electronics and optics [1 - 5], particularly in the fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology [6 - 8]. Recently, gold nanorods (... |
The diagnosis of cardiac disorders becomes more and more important with the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (ami) commanding one of the highest mortality rates in the us and around the world . Each year, approximately 635,000 people suffer from ami, among whom it is estimated that 50% will die within the first... |
Chemotherapy - induced nausea and vomiting (cinv) associated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (hec) adversely affects the quality of life of patients; it is especially challenging to manage in the delayed phase (24120 hours after chemotherapy)1 and affects chemotherapy compliance.2,3 hec includes chemotherapeutic ag... |
Dry socket is a common complication following a tooth extraction, with a peak incidence in the 4045 year - old age group . It has an incidence of 1%4% for all routine dental extractions and is more frequent in female patients [1, 2]. It is a self - limiting disease that often will take 510 days to disappear, even witho... |
Few countries have traditionally regarded alcohol as a public health issue to the same extent as the nordic countries . As a result, the alcohol policies of particularly sweden, finland and norway have been very restrictive, the goal being to limit not only alcohol consumption among problem drinkers but also the overal... |
A total of 204 patients were diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by a ruptured intracranial aneurysm in a single medical center between november 2011 and october 2013 . Among these, 109 cases underwent clipping by the same neurosurgeon . The conventional supraorbital keyhole approach were allocated to group 1... |
Over the past two decades, the principles underlying nucleic acid structure and the polymeric characteristics of oligonucleotides have been exploited for creation of special ligand sequences that bind specific target molecules with high affinity and specificity [1, 2]. These special sequences or aptamers are discovered... |
With the rising incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (dtc), particularly in younger women, dtc is the second most common cancer diagnosed around the time of pregnancy with a prevalence of 14 per 100,000 . Normal physiological changes occurring during pregnancy and concerns regarding fetal well - being pose distin... |
She presented with a 5-day history of behavioral change, in the form of incomprehensive talking visual and auditory hallucinations, and short attention span . She had sleep disturbance, labile mood, and decreased appetite with loss of sphincter control . One month prior to this episode, she had one attack of unprovoked... |
Study design: the study was performed from july 2011 to september 2011 at a commercial pig farm located in jitian village, shuangliu county, chengdu, sichuan province, china . There had been no mass outbreaks of disease and less antimicrobial use at the farm in the past year . A total of 26 finishing pigs were selected... |
Sodium - ion batteries (nibs) are of great interest as a complementary technology to lithium - ion batteries in applications such as grid - storage, where cost and sustainability are of greater importance than high energy density . However, graphite, the anode of choice for lithium - ion batteries, shows almost no capa... |
The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity gradually increases, even in preschool - age children . Globally, more than 20 million children who are below the age of 5 are overweight . The finding that overweight in preschool children is an indicator of five times more overweight in adolescence and four times mor... |
Low back pain is common during pregnancy and has been reported in as many as 56% of pregnant woman because of hormonal changes and mechanical strain . However, the incidence of symptomatic lumbar disk herniation during pregnancy is very rare, occurring in only 1 in approximately 10,000 pregnancies . Cauda equine syndro... |
Linagliptin (tradjenta, boehringer ingelheim, ridgefield, ct, usa) is a newly approved medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.1 this agent is a potent inhibitor of the serine protease enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (dpp-4), which is responsible for rapid degradation of two incretin hormones, glucagon ... |
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