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Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in new zealand and the third leading cause of cancer death.1 in 2011, the most - recent full year for which statistics are available, 2,867 new cases of breast cancer and 636 deaths were reported.2 approximately 18% of breast cancers in new zealand are human epidermal grow... |
Painful uterine contractions cause maternal hyperventilation and increased catecholamine concentration resulting in maternal and foetal hypoxaemia . An effective analgesia takes away the disadvantages and results in better maternal and foetal outcome . Hence, the control of pain should form an integral part of labour m... |
It stimulates the dopamine (d2) receptors and also inhibits the gamma amino butyric acid release in central nervous system . Common therapeutic doses of tramadol are 50 mg orally and 100 mg with parenteral and rectal route of administration up to 400 mg / day . The main adverse drug reactions of tramadol are nausea, di... |
Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (fgd) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from adrenal unresponsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth). This disease is characterized by low serum cortisol concentrations in the presence of grossly elevated plasma acth levels . Affected individuals typically presen... |
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (pavm), first described in 1897 by churton, is characterized by abnormal communications between pulmonary veins and arteries, and is known to disturb the filtering action of pulmonary capillaries, causing thromboembolic event in systemic circulation . Most of the pavms have no sympt... |
Although chronic hepatitis c (chc) in children is usually asymptomatic, it is often persistent and is a possible cause of morbidity in later life . Moreover, progressive liver disease, including cirrhosis, has been reported during childhood . Although new direct - acting antivirals (daas) are now the cornerstones in th... |
Radical prostatectomy (rp) is considered to be a standard curative procedure for patients with organ - confined prostate cancer . Recently, the advent of pioneering nerve - sparing robot - assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (ns ralp) has significantly increased the potency rate after rp [1 - 3]. However, even ... |
Many older adults have substantial vision problems such as cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, which are the leading causes of reduced visual acuity1 . Poor vision is one of the most important risk factors associated with falls among older people2 . Vision plays a key role in maintaining balance by providing... |
C57bl/6j male mice (25 months of age) were housed individually on a 12 hr/12 hr light / dark schedule with lights on at 7 a.m. (zt0) and handled for 6 days . Mice were sleep - deprived (sd) in their home cages for 5 hours by gentle handling beginning at zt5 or left undisturbed (non - sleep - deprived mice, nsd). For co... |
Cell metabolism governing the growth and functioning of each cell and a whole organism refers to chemical transformations and enzyme - catalyzed energy producing and energy utilizing reactions of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids . Amongst the most metabolically active organs are liver, brain, gut, kidneys, and heart... |
A large number of patients (70 - 80%) with head and neck cancers are diagnosed having locally advanced primary disease along with high lymph nodal metastases . In recent years, intensity modulated radiotherapy (imrt) has shown benefits in lowering the toxicities as well as improvements in loco regional control in these... |
There has been considerable interest in the possibility that the eradication of persistent viral reservoirs in hiv-1-infected patients could be achieved through specific upregulation of viral expression from quiescently infected reservoir cells [16]. These silent viral reservoirs, largely comprised of hiv-1-infected, r... |
Why have we not been able to use neuroimaging in the clinical management of psychoses? After 30 years of using this approach, we have established that structural brain alterations are present in individuals with psychoses . While this information has advanced academic knowledge on the pathophysiology of these disorders... |
The treatment of patients with multiple trauma requires a different approach to that of patients with regular trauma because they are threatened not only by the injuries themselves, but also by the metabolic disruptions that follow.1 delay in surgery, blunt trauma, extensive soft tissue damage, and combined orthopedic ... |
Voltage - gated ca channels are the signature feature of excitable cells, transducing electrical activity into increased intracellular [ca] that mediates specific cellular effects such as muscle contraction, hormone secretion, and release of neurotransmitters . Thus, many regulatory mechanisms have evolved to fine tune... |
The incidence of endometrial carcinoma in korea has increased rapidly in the last ten years possibly due to an increasingly westernized life style, decreased number of pregnancy, and increase of postmenopausal hormone therapy (1). Surgery is the treatment of choice and total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo - oopho... |
Pyrazolines are nitrogen - containing heterocyclic compounds, well known for their pronounced biological activity . It was demonstrated that the combination of pyrazole with azole ring, linked to each by one sigma bond, led to more biologically active targets; for example, pyrazolylthiazoles showed excellent antimicrob... |
There is increasing evidence linking endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress coping responses with the development of diseases . This is not surprising, given that the er is a multifunctional essential organelle in eukaryotic cells; it functions as the critical entrance to the secretory pathways, and is also a regulator of c... |
Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ods) including central pontine myelinolysis (cpm) and extrapontine myelinolysis (epm) following overly rapid correction of hyponatremia has been well recognized515). Although ods occurring after transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma has been reported occasionally111618), to our ... |
Mood disorders (md) such as depression and bipolar disorders are one of the most disabling types of diseases . In 2004, depression was the leading cause of disability as measured by years lost due to disability (yld) and the 3rd leading contributor to the global burden of disease assessed using the disability - adjuste... |
Cognitive decline in older adulthood remains an area of great concern as the population ages . Some changes in cognitive function, such as decreased processing speed, are considered normative aspects of the aging process . However, the impact of even mild cognitive impairment on functional capacity highlights the impor... |
The pt mice, tcr- mice, and tcr- mice have been described (6, 17, 18). Tcr- pt mice were bred in the animal colony of the basel institute for immunology . Breeding of tcr- pt mice was done in the animal facilities at the hpital necker (paris, france). The tcr- transgenic mice, with a transgenic tcr specific for the mal... |
In recent years, coupling of theoretical and experimental approaches in the study of protein folding has resulted in providing fruitful clues . Experimental and computational protein design provides vital clues to understand the protein folding process, and it is of considerable interest in the area of protein science ... |
In this case report, we describe a case of asherman's syndrome treated with adult autologous stem cells for endometrial regeneration that resulted in conception after in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer (ivf - et). The basis of this case is that endometrium is a dynamic, cyclically regenerating tissue, a unique mo... |
A total of 1380 eyes were treated with prp for the indication of pdr from march 2001 to september 2006.the modified air lie house classification was followed . Cases included pdr of varying severity such as flat new vessels, with raised new vessels, subhyaloid hemorrhage, vitreous hemorrhage, trd and macular edema with... |
We identified isolates for sequencing from 29 invasive gas cases diagnosed in patients in a northern arizona hospital during january july 2015 and randomly selected an additional 99 gas isolates from a repository of> 2,000 arizona gas isolates collected during 20022006 (no isolates from patients in arizona were availab... |
Primary tumors of the trachea are rare and account for 0.1% of all malignancies . In adults, approximately 90% of the primary tracheal tumors are malignant, whereas in children, the majority of these tumors are benign [2, 3]. In a retrospective study by webb et al ., 55.4% of the patients were male and 77.3% of them we... |
Intractable nausea and vomiting are very rare symptoms of medullary compression and there are approximately less than 10 cases reported in the literature of the aforementioned symptomatology mostly due to tumors . There is one reported case where vertebral artery compression of the medulla led to intractable nausea and... |
Osteoarthritis (oa) is a chronic synovial joint disease, characterized by two main features: (1) progressive damage of articular cartilage, bone remodeling, and new bone formation (osteophytes and subchondral bone sclerosis) and (2) synovial inflammation and fibrosis of ligaments, tendons, menisci, and capsules . All j... |
In modern society, the fashion of wearing tight clothes for stylish dressed states or comeliness is getting very popular1 . However, specialists reported that excessively pressing certain areas of the human body could cause many problems in the cardiovascular systems and visceral organs1 . In addition to this pressure ... |
In commonly accepted opinion every searching for new, more effective drugs should be rationalized i.e., determined by the low cost and non time - consuming procedures . These procedures are especially useful on the preliminary stage of searching for new chemical structures of potential biological activity (jorgensen, 2... |
The treatment of lung cancer with radiation has undergone significant improvements over the past decade . First, it is possible to better delineate the target volume through the advancement of imaging such as positron emission tomography (pet) fusion [1, 2]. Second, there has been an increase in the utilization of radi... |
Lipomas are benign, well circumscribed, expansile connective tissue neoplasms predominantly composed of mature white fat cells . They may occur anywhere in the body and usually present as slow - growing, solitary and asymptomatic subcutaneous or superficial lesions . About 20% of cases of lipoma affect the head and nec... |
A retrospective chart review was performed for cases of infectious scleritis seen from january 2007 to august 2011 . The diagnostic criteria for a case of infectious scleritis included the presence of single or multiple inflamed anterior scleral nodules or ulcerations, which revealed a causative organism on microbiolog... |
Lipoma is a common benign soft tissue neoplasm that sometimes may have mixed tissue components . Ossification of a lipoma was first described in 1959, and it is rarely reported7,16). Several names have been used to describe ossification of lipomas, including secondary calcification, ossified lipoma, ossifying lipoma, o... |
The most appropriate way to diagnose airway obstruction is currently the subject of heated debate.110 most national and international chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) guidelines recommend to use a forced expiratory volume in one second / forced vital capacity ratio (fev1/fvc) of 0.70 as a suitable threshold... |
Proteomics aims to identify large sets of proteins in defined biological fractions, e.g., tissue or cell extracts, isolated organelles, or protein fractions generated by biochemical preparation procedures . As a first step, protein identifications today are nearly exclusively carried out by mass spectrometry (ms). Howe... |
Brain structure segmentation is the apportionment of brain tissue into gray matter and white matter, based on the appearance of tissue in images produced by magnetic resonance imaging (mri). Because manual tracing of the boundaries between tissues in the brain is labor intensive, difficult, error - prone, and unrealist... |
Knowledge about dysphonia manifestations and the degree of commitment that this change causes in laryngeal and vocal behavior are important for defining rehabilitation direction . In order to do that, procedures are necessary for clinical assessment . Perceptual and acoustic assessments, among other procedures, are com... |
Restless legs syndrome (rls) is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by an urge to move the legs that are associated with unpleasant paresthesias . Usually, the symptoms worsen when at rest and at night and are relieved by movement . Various studies suggest that genetic component, iron - deficiency, disturbances in th... |
Malaria control programmes utilising indoor residual spraying are only effective if a high coverage of targeted structures is achieved and an insecticide that is effective against the specific mosquito vector is correctly applied . Ongoing monitoring of spraying operations is essential to assure optimal programme perfo... |
Tuberculosis (tb) is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world and the second leading infectious cause of death among adult globally . The risk factors for the development of tuberculosis include immigration, low income populations, immunosuppression, human immunodeficiency virus, and living in cl... |
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and causes permanent disability in one - third of survivors1, 2 . Many stroke patients suffer from motor impairments that limit muscle control, activities of daily living, and locomotion activity . In addition, stroke patients have increased double support duration, decreased... |
The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy includes not only the arrest of progressive periodontal disease but also the restitution of those parts of the supporting apparatus which have been destroyed by disease . Regenerative procedures have been evaluated in several studies using grafting materials, root surface condit... |
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, associated with an increase in obesity and in sedentary lifestyle [13]. This is associated with morbidity and mortality due to the effects of hyperglycemia related complication and by its association with atherosclerosis - heart disease and stroke, as the leading cause... |
The ivy sign might be suggestive of diffuse leptomeningeal collaterals found on post - contrast t1-weighted mr images in patients with moyamoya disease11,19). It has also been defined as a continuous linear leptomeningeal high - signal intensity along the cortical sulci and subarachnoid spaces on mr fluid - attenuated ... |
Although alzheimer's disease (ad) and its main brain histopathology, that is, senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (nfts), were described a century ago, significant research advances in the disease began only a few decades ago . The discoveries of the major protein components of senile plaques as amyloid -peptide... |
Noninfectious rhinitis (nir) affects 40% of the adult population, has a significant impact on health - related quality of life, and results in substantial health economic costs to the society.13 nir is characterized by symptoms of upper airway inflammation, such as nasal obstruction, secretion, itching and sneezing, an... |
Immunocompromised patients might bear a variety of presentations such as rhino - orbito - cerebral, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, central nervous system and disseminated form . Rhino - orbito - cerebral and pulmonary mucormycosis are the most common forms; the latter progresses rapidly to devastating diseases... |
Ovarian follicular fate (i.e. Development / ovulation versus atresia) in the mammals is determined by the fate of the cells within the follicles and is regulated by complex interactions of endocrine (gonadotropin and steroid hormones) and locally produced (growth factors and cytokines) factors (hirshfield, 1991). Altho... |
Colorectal cancer is the third most common incident cancer among men and the second most common cancer among women worldwide . Incidence rates vary 10-fold in both sexes worldwide, and the highest rates are estimated in more developed regions, such as north america and western europe, whereas the lowest rates are estim... |
They may be the first manifestation of metastatic spread of an internal malignancy or herald cancer recurrence long after treatment of a primary tumor . Breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and melanoma frequently metastasize to the skin in women . In men; melanoma, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer are the most common s... |
Ampullary adenomas arise from the ampulla of vater, the confluence of the pancreatic and common bile ducts, located at the major duodenal papilla in the second part of the duodenum . Based upon autopsy studies, ampullary adenomas however, the vast majority of these patients will remain asymptomatic [1, 2, 3, 4]. As wit... |
This is a nonrandomized prospective comparative case study on 57 eyes seeking refractive surgery who were not indicated for laser corneal refractive surgery . Patients with refraction error between 2.00 d and 14.50 d who could use both artiflex and artisan, were free to choose the type of the lens . Other patients unde... |
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) is the most commonly found leukemia in the adult population of the western world and of clinical interest because of its prevalence . It is a neoplasm of monomorphic small round b lymphocytes which can be observed in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes . It is likely tha... |
Number of diseases comes under the category of silent killers as they gradually consume one without causing any serious symptoms in the early stages . It is defined as a localized resorptive process that commences on the surface of the root below the epithelial attachment and the coronal aspect of the supporting alveol... |
Due to industrial development and the consequent increase in daily comfort, physical activities have gradually decreased, leading to increased body weight with reduced physical strength, as well as more sedentary lifestyles and significantly decreased amounts of exercise . Due to incorrect exercise habits, even among t... |
This article traces the growth in the use of swing - bed services by medicare beneficiaries from 1984 through 1987 . In the context of the medicare program, swing beds are beds that can be used by small rural hospitals to furnish both acute and post - acute care . To be covered under medicare, the post - acute services... |
Patients with univentricular heart malformations are at increased risk of suffering from thromboembolic events (te). At least 20% of patients with univentricular hearts have reported to experience te, of which 25% are fatal . Despite the high incidence of te, no consensus has been reached regarding the role of long - t... |
Patients with underlying or comorbid medical condition, psychotic depression, and those who were already on psychotropic medicines were excluded from the study . Cases having contraindication for imipramine and/or lithium treatment were also excluded from the study . The aim of the study and the method adopted was expl... |
The subject of ideals in topological space has been studied by kuratowski and vaidyanathaswamy . An ideal on a topological space (x,) is a nonempty collection of subsets of x which satisfies (i) a and b a implies b and (ii) a and b implies a b . Given a topological space (x,) with an ideal on x and if (x) is the set of... |
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicans (lsa) is a chronic inflammatory muco - cutaneous disorder, characterized by sclerotic and atrophic lesions, most commonly found in adult women . It affects the anogenital area in 8598% of the cases and less frequently the extrgenital area . The most commonly affected extragenital areas a... |
With regard to the importance and notable role of human power in an organization, investigation of the elements, which increase staff's function and reduce absenteeism and desertion and ultimately lead to an increase in efficiency, is of great importance for researchers and experts . Nursing managers should design an a... |
It is well established that the human body generates a wide variety of volatile organic compounds (vocs) some that are present in exhaled breath, emitted through the skin and released by urine samples . As human - specific signatures, these vocs can be considered as non - invasive biochemical probes that can track norm... |
Considerable research attention over the past several decades has focused on isolating the physical and psychological effects of induced abortion [15]. The majority of abortions in the united states are performed early in pregnancy and most of the research pertaining to indicators of postabortion health has logically i... |
Denosumab (dmab) is a fully human monoclonal antibody against the receptor activator of nuclear factor-b ligand (rankl), a molecule that is crucial for the formation, function, and survival of osteoclasts.1 dmab binds rankl with high affinity and specificity, and inhibits the rankl / rank interaction, thus reversibly r... |
The motor system is a dynamic network of cortical and subcortical areas interacting through excitatory and inhibitory circuits, modulated by somatosensory input . Modifications of cortical excitability enable recovery and reorganization of the remaining motor areas both in animal models [4, 5] and in humans [1, 6]. Tra... |
Although surgery is the current standard treatment for localized surgically operable lesions, many patients with liver metastases cannot undergo surgical resection because of associated comorbidities, concerns about their age, the extent of the disease, or the patient's wishes . Alternative treatment approaches for unr... |
Quite often, we come across diseases in various medical specialties that are catalogued in biomedicine as idiopathic, that is to say, diseases with no apparent or known cause . Normally, these idiopathic diseases are treated with symptomatic remedies, whose objective is to improve the symptoms that have negative impact... |
Crohn's disease (cd) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastro - intestinal tract [1, 2, 3]; its exact aetiology and pathogenesis is not known . Current models of pathogenesis include interactions between genetic factors, environmental factors, and the intestinal flora which lead to dysregulation of the immune r... |
Complete debridement and effective disinfection of the root canal space is an important prerequisite for achieving long - term success of nonsurgical endodontics . Chemomechanical instrumentation reduces majority of infecting bacteria, together with their principal substrate of necrotic pulp debris but retention of mic... |
Antiphospholipid syndrome (aps) is an autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis and morbidity, specifically in pregnancy, due to antiphospholipid antibodies . About half of the cases of aps occur as a primary disorder, while the rest arise in association with other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus eryth... |
Surgically treated patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), which represent a highly selected group, have higher survival rates compared to those of medically treated patients at a comparable stage . However, long - term prognosis remains unsatisfactory because of the high incidence of tumor recurrence and metasta... |
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in new zealand (nz) males and the third most common cause of male cancer deaths.1 generally prostate cancer is a slow growing cancer with relatively good prognosis, with 80% of patients with localised disease being still alive at 15 years.2 around 70% of men in nz are... |
To describe the surgical technique and initial experience with a single - port retroperitoneal renal biopsy (sprrb). A single 1.5 cm incision was performed under the 12th rib at mid - axillary line, and an 11 mm trocar was inserted . After lower pole exposure, a laparoscopic biopsy forceps was introduced through the ne... |
Cystic fibrosis (cf) is the most common autosomal recessive disorder among caucasians with an incidence rate of 1 in 2,500 individuals . The epithelial cells of several organs, including respiratory tract, exocrine pancreas, intestine, vas deferens, hepatobiliary system and also exocrine sweat glands are involved in cf... |
An important aspect of any research is the use of appropriate methodologies either to control or to reduce the effects of potential confounding factors . A matter of great concern that can influence the results of epidemiological studies of dental caries is the variation in disease diagnosis between two or more examine... |
Dna microarray analysis has gained widespread application and a wide variety of methods have been developed to analyze the large and complex datasets generated by this technology (1). Due to the sheer volume of data, and the high number of sources of potential error, quality control and quality assurance since error ma... |
Tsp-1 is the best - studied member of the thrombospondin (tsp) family, which consists of five extracellular calcium - binding multifunctional proteins: tsp-1, tsp-2, tsp-3, tsp-4, and tsp-5 . Tsp-1 and tsp-2 are structurally similar, and they are expressed on the cell surface during physiological events . A variety of ... |
Dentistry is a mostly a social interaction between a dentist and the patient in their limited job setting and with personal characteristics . A healthy dentist is one of the most important components in a successful dental practice . Like all other professionals, dentists are exposed to occupational health hazards whic... |
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (tavi) has gained wide acceptance for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis among patients deemed to be at increased risk for surgical aortic valve replacement . Expansion of tavi to lower risk patients is critically dependent on the refinement of earlygeneration devices to fur... |
Leptin is an adipose tissue - derived hormone that has been shown to be related to several metabolic, inflammatory, and hemostatic factors involved in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease . Experimental animal studies suggest that higher leptin levels may cause hyperglycemia, elevations in blood p... |
Thyroid hormones failure leads to significant interferences and malfunctions at different physical, mental and social aspects . According to an investigation performed in colorado state of usa at 2000, screening of 25000 people showed that nearly 2.6 million people would be apparently afflicted with hypothyroidism in t... |
Genetic disorders caused by mutations in the -globin gene are widely known as the human -hemoglobinopathies, in which -thalassemia and sickle cell disease (scd) are the most prevalent ones, particularly in the mediterranean, africa, and southeast asia, leading to great mortality and morbidity [14]. The high occurrence ... |
A girl weighing 3,190 g was delivered by a caesarean section at 38 weeks and five days of gestation . At the time of birth, a systolic murmur was noted during a physical examination, and transthoracic echocardiography revealed a peri - membranous ventricular septal defect (vsd) with a septal aneurysm, a small patent fo... |
In 2015, an estimated 477.9/100,000 cases of esophageal cancer (ec) were diagnosed in china, and approximately 375/100,000 people died from this disease [1, 2]. In china, ec occurs in 50.3% (161.3/320.8) of patients aged 60 - 74, and in 19.6% (62.9/320.8) of patients over 75 years of age in [1, 2]. A radiation therapy ... |
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an inhabitant of the oral cavity and periodontal pathogen . In periodontal disease, the bacterium infects and proliferates within the periodontal pocket, between the gingival tissue and the tooth . The presence of bacteria and their products such as secreted proteins and lps ind... |
Osteoporosis is one of the most serious public health problems for elderly people and also a major cause of the bedridden state . This condition / disease has threatened the quality of life in old age and increased medical costs . In particular, the potential for developing osteoporosis increases dramatically after men... |
Chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a potentially life - threatening liver disease with serious complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma . The prevalence of hbv infection varies widely, with rates ranging from 0.1% to 20% worldwide . Iran is an area of intermediate endemicity and the preval... |
We searched medline (between 1966 and 2007) and the cochrane library central registry of controlled trials (between 1984 and 2007) for relevant publications using the following medical subject heading terms: diabetes and (food or diet). We examined reference lists of those publications to identify additional studies su... |
Mindfulness refers to an awareness that emerges by paying attention to purpose and to the present moment and nonjudgmentally focusing on the unfolding of one's immediate experience . More recently, mindfulness has been proposed as a cognitive behavior, rather than physiological, paradigm for meditation . Mindfulness ai... |
The head and neck posture of an individual can influence soft - tissue relationships in the cervical and shoulder region1, 2 . A common concern in the modern workplace is upper extremity disorders arising from overhead work, which is associated with neck and shoulder disorders and pain3 . Long - term overhead working p... |
Rates of diabetes mellitus are rising dramatically across the globe, threatening both individual health as well as the stability of national health systems . In the united states, diabetes is the leading cause of adult blindness, kidney failure, and non - traumatic amputations while also playing a central role in the d... |
In this issue of critical care, laporta and coworkers review a multidisciplinary working group's analysis of a case study on the causes of and solutions for staff turnover in an intensive care unit (icu) setting . This issue is of profound significance to health care leaders in western countries because the workforce i... |
Due to the widespread use of imaging modalities, such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (ct), and magnetic resonance imaging, the incidences of incidentally found small cortical renal masses (srms) and renal cell carcinoma (rcc), have increased during the past years . For decades, the standard therapy for patient... |
Have all been reported to affect bond strength,3,4 owing to differences in the degree of conversion, contraction stress and physical properties of the materials selected.57 in addition, the type of bur chosen might affect both the etching effect and the penetration of resin monomer since the roughness of the bur influe... |
Fungal diseases have markedly increased during the recent years (1); although more increase is observed in opportunistic mycoses . Determining the mycoflora of normal people is important when the role of skin is considered as a reservoir for microorganisms . Infectious diseases, mostly the ones that affect the epiderma... |
Implant - supported overdenture prostheses can be divided into bar overdentures and single attachment overdentures . Single attachment elements for overdentures include single retentive anchors, single magnet anchors, and individually cast telescopic copings.1 among these, telescopic copings have the benefit of implant... |
The question of structural and mechanical alterations of the arterial wall in the case of renal transplantation has not yet been completely resolved . An insufficiency of endogenous regulators of calcium and phosphate is well known to be a significant factor affecting extraosseous calcifications.1 in dialysis patients ... |
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (xgp) is a rare, distinct and aggressive form of chronic infectious pyelonephritis . It accounts for lesser than 1% of chronic pyelonephritis . Though common in fifth to sixth decade complications can occur in the form of psoas abscess, nephro cutaneous fistula, enterocolonic fistula,... |
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