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She had an uncomplicated antenatal period and was delivered at term . In the first few months of life, she was noted to be clinically microcephalic with a head circumference below the third percentile . These included several eyelid abnormalities such as short and upslanted palpebral fissures, blepharophimosis, ptosis,... |
Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (evar) has revolutionized the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) but the long - term durability is still uncertain . The evar 1 trial reported a re - intervention rate of 20% over 3 years in patients randomized to evar . We present a case of an 81-year - old gentleman, 10 y... |
Case 1 was a 68-year - old female patient who was admitted for further treatment of an incidentally detected rectal polyp . 1a) showed a 2 cm - sized semipedunculated polyp, 7 cm from the anal verge . Since preoperative computed tomography (ct) showed no evidence of lymph node or distant metastasis, she underwent trans... |
In cardiac surgery the precise estimate models of risks is most important for surgeons and patients . This technique provides a useful tool for surgeons to make a correct decision whether coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) is a suitable intervention, which patients should be carefully managed and monitored due to adve... |
In a previous issue of critical care, novel insights into the effects of vasopressin in septic shock are presented . Throughout the last 15 years, vasopressin has experienced a lively history as a vasopressor in critical care (figure 1). During a time when the intensivists' belief in the beneficial effects of vasopress... |
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) is a severe, progressive disease that affects one in 3,6006,000 live male births.1 affected individuals can have mildly delayed motor milestones and most are unable to run and jump due to proximal muscle weakness . Patients are generally diagnosed when toddlers and become wheelchair - ... |
Primary amenorrhea (pa) refers to absence of spontaneous menarche by age 14 years with the absence of growth or development of secondary sexual characteristics or as absence of menses by age 16 years with normal development of secondary sexual characteristics . Genetic causes of amenorrhea account for about 45% of the ... |
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and has an annual mortality rate of 270,000 . Recurrence mainly occurs during the first 2 years after treatment (60 - 90% of cases) [1, 2, 3]. The presence of persistent disease after radiotherapy (rt) is a significant predictor of patient survival . Although su... |
Internal hernias are an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction, accounting for less than 1% of cases . It can be asymptomatic, causes chronic abdominal pain or presents with acute intestinal obstruction . The diagnosis of this congenital malformation is often made during surgical intraoperative exploration for intestinal ... |
Alkaptonuria (aku) is an autosomal recessive disorder of the tyrosine degradation pathway with deficient activity of homogentisate1,2-dioxygenase leading to accumulation of homogentisic acid (hga). It is characterized by oxidized hga - forming pigmented benzoquinone polymers similar to melanin, which deposit in connect... |
Human subjects were divided into type 2 diabetes, igt, and ngt groups, based on world health organization 1999 diagnostic criteria (13). Forty - eight newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients (34 men, 14 women) were a subset of the multicenter study of 382 patients as reported in the lancetby weng et al . They were 50.... |
The reported sequence of hsm3 in the saccharomyces genome database differs from the sequence in our strain background at the c - terminus (see supplementary information). Plasmids and antibodies used are described in supplementary table 3 and 4 respectively . Recombinant proteins were expressed in and purified from ros... |
Retinitis pigmentosa (rp), one of the most common visual impairments worldwide, is a group of inherited retinal degenerative diseases for which there is currently no effective treatment . It is characterized by a progressive degeneration of rod photoreceptors, leading to night - blindness and constriction of the visual... |
The primary goal of genome annotation efforts is the discovery and accurate annotation of all protein - coding genes . A complete and accurately annotated proteome provides the building blocks for hypothesis - driven research seeking to enhance our understanding of biology . Genome annotation is a complex process invol... |
H is removed, a bit remains; when the letter a is removed, bit remains; when the letter the presence of oral habit in 3 - 6 year old children is an important finding in the clinical examination . An oral habit is no longer considered as normal for children near the end of this age group . In pre - school children, digi... |
There have been few reports in the literature regarding trans - orbital penetrating injuries from a non - missile, low - velocity object; these incidents are usually caused by violence, accidents or suicide attempts . A penetrating object of> 5 cm in length could reach the cranial cavity through the orbital roof or the... |
Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma accounting for 8% of all soft tissue tumors in the body . It is not originating from the synovial tissue, but arising from pleuripotent mesenchymal tissue; hence, the term synovial sarcoma is a misnomer . It most commonly occurs in the extremities, especially in the close ... |
The most important link between the liver and the rest of the organism is the blood flow through three vascular systems [1, 2]. These include two supplying systems, the portal vein (pv) providing venous blood drained from the digestive system and hepatic artery (ha) providing arterial blood, as well as one draining sys... |
Esbls have been detected in patients without prior healthcare contact, even in countries with low consumption of antibiotics (esac - net; http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/activities/surveillance/esac-net/pages/index.aspx). Major sources of esbls in the community can be envisaged: resistant strains from high esbl prevalence... |
Despite considerable therapeutic advances over the past 50 years, cardiovascular events are the leading causes of death worldwide . This is primarily due to the increasing prevalence of atherosclerosis (as). As is recognized as a subacute inflammatory condition of the aortic vessel wall, characterized by the infiltrati... |
Thanks to the development in endoscopes and endoscopic techniques, a significant number of stomach cancer patients undergo endoscopic resection rather than surgery . In addition, the national cancer screening program has increased the number of diagnosing early gastric cancer, and accordingly, the frequency of endoscop... |
We report a 45-year - old man with systemic lymphoma whose initial manifestation was sudden - onset leukoencephalopathy, mimicking stroke . This patient, who was eventually diagnosed with diffuse large b - cell lymphoma, initially presented with sudden cognitive impairment and gait disturbance . The presented case indi... |
The cannabinoid type 1 (cb1) receptor is the most abundant g - protein coupled receptor (gpcr) expressed in the central nervous system (cns), where it attenuates the release of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters . The cb1 receptor is also present in lower concentrations in a variety of peripheral tissues, incl... |
The unprecedented extension of life expectancy in western countries is associated with a social and medical burden due to the growing number of chronic diseases . Among older people, aging and coexistence of multiple disease can contribute to create a frail status: this condition is characterized by a reduction in func... |
Acne is a common inflammatory condition affecting the pilosebaceous units of the skin of the face, neck, chest, and upper back . While managing cases of acne, dermatologists need to factor in patient compliance, patient education, economic aspects as well as availability of a wide variety of over the counter (otc) and ... |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a significant health concern worldwide . According to the international agency for research on cancer (iarc), it is the 15th cancer in overall incidence in the world, with an estimated 277,000 new cases diagnosed per year . It is one of the few diseases in which the mortality rate eq... |
Striae of the laser - assisted in situ keratomileusis (lasik) flap are described as creases or puckers in the cornea as a consequence of lasik surgery.1 striae are a frequent etiological factor of post - lasik subject dissatisfaction . Confocal microscopy shows wrinkles in the superficial corneal layers in> 97% of subj... |
The causes of catheter occlusion might be thrombotic, related to drug or parenteral nutrition (pn) precipitates or mechanical . Precipitates might be formed by drug mixtures with an extreme ph, calcium phosphate crystals, or lipid deposits . Examples of mechanical obstruction are sleeve formation resulting in partial o... |
In men having sex with men high risk sexual behavior can be seen . Often with concomitant use of recreational drugs such as ecstasy, cocaine, ketamine, and poppers . (1,2) activities include fisting and unprotected anal intercourse . Also transanal introduction of foreign bodies (3) procedures which can be performed in... |
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (cspgs) consist of core proteins with one or more covalently attached chondroitin sulfate (cs) chains and are essential components of the brain extracellular matrix (ecm). During late postnatal development, cspgs condense around subpopulations of neurons and form lattice - like ecm str... |
Distraction osteogenesis has become a widely accepted procedure in orthopedics and has been applied to treat the skeletal deformities and severe bony defects in the craniofacial complex.18 with this procedure, bone volume can be increased by gradual traction of a fracture callus formed between osteotomized bony segment... |
Cardiovascular diseases, which include heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease, are the first cause of death in asia, europe, and united states . Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of such vascular disorders, and even though its pathogenesis has been actively investigated in the last decades, sever... |
Most of these facilities are located along the mississippi river in southeast louisiana, leading to its identification as the state's industrial corridor . The state of louisiana has consistently presented higher rates of lung cancer incidence and mortality compared to the u.s . As a whole for the past five decades . D... |
Most urethral carcinomas (ucs) are associated with invasive bladder tumors.1 however, primary uc occurs and accounts for less than 1% of cases . Symptomatology includes obstructive or irritative voiding, and urethral strictures or stenosis.2 in males, ucs primarily occur as squamous cell carcinoma (scc). The presence o... |
The controversy surrounding choice of resuscitation fluid owes much of its intensity and longevity to economic concerns, yet reported pharmacoeconomic data comparing costs of various fluid regimens are remarkably limited . The expenditures for one fluid have typically been compared with those for another when cost data... |
Phospholipids are amphiphilic molecules that spontaneously form bilayers in aqueous solution to minimize the interaction between their hydrophobic tails and to maximize the interaction between their hydrophilic heads . In recent years, scientists have been working to exploit the tunable properties of mixed lipid system... |
The shoulder joint is the most commonly dislocated joint in the human osteoarticular system [13]. This propensity for dislocation is associated with the exceptional structural and biomechanical features of the joint, which enable a wide range of motion and manipulative ability, but at the same make the shoulder joint p... |
The ecg abnormalities are frequent following acute stroke and occur in as many as 60% to 90% of all stroke patients . The new - onset ecg changes, attributable to acute stroke vary widely in different series and occur in 15% to 30% of cases . Ecg abnormalities are more frequent with subarachnoid (sah) or intracerebral ... |
Multiple sclerosis (ms) is an inflammatory disease of the cns resulting in physical and cognitive disabilities . Repeated attacks to the myelin sheath result in its degeneration, and over time, these demyelinating events leave sclerotic plaques that are resistant to remyelination . Oligodendrocytes are the myelin - pro... |
Happle et al . (1) first proposed the term phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica (ppk), which is characterized by organoid nevus with sebaceous differentiation arranged along blaschko's lines, and speckled lentiginous nevus (sln) arranged in a checkerboard pattern . Happle (2) defined that this syndrome represented an exampl... |
Both insulin resistance and -cell failure are involved in the etiology of type-2 diabetes (dm2) phenotype . High circulating nonesterified fatty acids (nefas) concentration is often reported in fasting physiological state or physiopathological conditions such as stressed states and dm2 [46]. Lipid infusion in nondiabet... |
Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, especially in the whites . The cancer includes two types of melanoma and non - melanoma (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma). Monitoring of skin cancer indicates an increase in the incidence of the disease . In the netherlands, the incidence of c... |
Excessive energy intake is a part of the current human lifestyle that leads to a state of chronic systemic low - grade inflammation, which is thought to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis, cancer, and other noncommunicable diseases . At the same time, it is also plausible that the long - term consequence... |
Dermatofibromas are non - melanocytic lesions which may present with pigment network, such as seborrheic keratosis and supernumerary nipple . These lesions are considered an exception to the rule since the presence of such pigment network is a criterion for melanocytic lesions . The classical pattern associated with de... |
Increasingly, different types of web - based support are being developed for patients in managing their illness [16]. It has been argued that efficient support for managing chronic illnesses and conditions should be tailored to each person and his or her needs and preferences . In other words, it should be in line with... |
The northeastern united states has been experiencing elevated atmospheric n deposition for decades . In the late 20th century, chronically elevated n deposition was recognized as a potential threat to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems . This chronic n fertilization could be expected to increase forest growth and carbo... |
Intramuscular hemangioma (imh) is a rare type of benign tumor that accounts for 0.8% of all cases of hemangioma19). It typically develops in skeletal muscles in the limbs or trunk, and sometimes occurs in the skeletal muscles in the head and neck area; the head and neck imh's account for approximately 14 - 21% of all i... |
The regular dental practice involves various dental procedures which needs the application of local anesthetics . In local infiltration, anesthetic solutions are injected close to the apex of the involved tooth structures . Generally, there are very few complications associated with this procedure; however, possible co... |
Salivary gland neoplasms are clinically and histomorphologically diverse group of lesions that are uncommon and most often benign . Salivary gland malignancies comprise <1% of all malignancies and about 5% of head and neck cancers . Minor salivary gland tumors are infrequent accounting for about 1015% of the salivary g... |
Although, the gastrointestinal (gi) complaints are frequent in hiv patients the incidence of acute abdominal conditions requiring surgical intervention is low (2 - 5%). In patients with aids, who are not on anti - retroviral therapy, it is difficult to ascertain abdominal emergencies that require surgical intervention ... |
Despite advances in medicine over the last decades, acute watery diarrhea (awd) remains the cause of substantial morbidity in developed countries.1 in england, approximately 150,000 children younger than 5 years old present with symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea (gastroenteritis) each year . In 20072008, approximately ... |
Data from epidemiologic studies have suggested that periodontal diseases are multifactorial.1,2 patient variables, such as age, race, smoking, and stress or local hyperactivation of the autonomic adrenergic system are important cofactors which contribute to both the prevalence of disease and the incidence of disease pr... |
Determinar a prevalncia de crie em escolares de 12 anos no municpio de franca - sp, brasil, no ano de 2003 e avaliar o valor adicional da radiografia interproximal para deteco de leses de crie em dentina de molares permanentes na prevalncia de crie . Desenvolveu - se um estudo transversal com uma amostra probabilstica;... |
The restoration of near vision in older individuals that have entered the presbyopic age is considered one of the major challenges in refractive surgery during the last decade . There are three principal approaches for the achievement of good near and far vision concomitantly . The first is the establishment of a funct... |
The majority of patients had type 2 diabetes (n = 56), and their ulcers were classified as neuropathic (n = 48), postsurgical (n = 9), or neuroischemic (n = 5) and graded according to the texas grading system (11). All patients were seen weekly for debridement, offloading, and other treatments during the initial 4 week... |
Pituitary carcinoma is a rare disorder accounting for 0.10.5% of pituitary adenomas [14]. It is believed that pituitary carcinomas arise from the transformation of benign invasive macroadenomas [14], and the process of this transformation takes place slowly . A large majority of pituitary carcinomas preserves a capacit... |
Since the introduction of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pnl) for the treatment of renal calculi by fernstrom and johansson, rapid progress has been made in the development of techniques for pnl . Although some studies have reported better surgical outcomes for the management of renal calculi by use of shockwave lithotr... |
The availability of genome sequences of a variety of species, the development of high throughput screening methodologies such as dna microarrays, and the refinement of computational algorithms for searching large databases have all stimulated more and more genome - wide investigations . In turn, the interpretation of t... |
Biliary cystadenoma was initially described and published in 1887 and its first resection was performed in 1892 . Biliary cystadenoma involving the extra- and intrahepatic bile ducts simultaneously is less frequent . To our knowledge, there has been one published case that describes a biliary cystadenoma involving the ... |
Pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, acne (papa) syndrome is an extremely rare, autosomaldominant, hereditary autoinflammatory disease . Elevated production of interleukin (il)1 and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) induced by proline serine threonine phosphataseinteracting protein 1 gene pstpip1 (also known as ... |
M1c disease is defined as the presence of visceral metastases with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) level in the absence of pulmonary metastasis and carries a median survival of about 6 to 10 months . Advanced melanoma can disseminate to any organ, with the commonest distant sites of metastasis being the skin, lung... |
The pathogenesis of paget's disease of the vulva (pdv) and paget's disease of the breast (pdb) continues to be an enigma . Despite many theories that have been put forward on their origins and disease progression, pdv is an intraepithelial in situ carcinoma which accounts for approximately 1% of all vulval neoplasms . ... |
All human cd8 t cells express nkg2d, whereas nkg2d expression on cd4 t cells has primarily been reported in some pathological conditions [36]. Thus, nkg2d is expressed on effector cells of both innate and adaptive immune responses and is implicated in the surveillance of viral infections and cancers as well as in some ... |
Down syndrome (ds) is one of the most common chromosomal birth defects in children . Often postural instability plays a major contributing role to the motor disorders in children with ds . Deficits in postural control in ds are often associated with problems in motor coordination and sensory - motor integration . Other... |
Parkinson's disease (pd) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (snpc) in association with -synuclein immunoreactive intracytoplasmic inclusions (lewy bodies). However, studies over the last decade have shown that these pathologic changes are not limited to th... |
The evaluation of bone marrow (bm) samples in patients with lymphoid neoplasia is an important aspect for the diagnosis, staging and assessing the treatment response 1 . Histology and morphology supplemented with immunohistochemistry (ihc) and/or flow cytometric immunophenotyping can be helpful to accurate diagnosis 2 ... |
The swedish cancer society 14 0570, the louis feil charitable lead trust to sl, and the laura and isaac perlmutter cancer center at nyu langone medical center to sl (p30ca016087). The funders had no role in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data; the writing of the manuscript; ... |
There is a growing body of evidence that unusual sensory processing is associated with autism spectral disorders (asd) and may underlie some of their basic characteristics . To date, there is relatively little systematic evidence as to the pattern of atypical sensory behaviours in autism and how they relate to other ch... |
Workplace - based assessment (wpba) has emerged as an attractive concept in the field of medical education . It has many advantages as the assessment is conducted under direct supervision in a real environment, thus resembling the day - to - day clinical encounters more closely than traditional ways of assessment . Alt... |
Technological developments in materials and devices provide dentists with new and advanced options for indirect prosthetic treatments . Computer - aided design - computer - aided manufacturing (cad - cam) designing and milling protocols can be performed in a dental laboratory or clinic, reducing treatment time and remo... |
Iron is involved in several primary cellular functions such as dna synthesis, atp generation, electron transfers, oxidation of substrates and is therefore an essential factor for cell survival and replication [reviewed in]. On the other hand, iron may also catalyze oxidation - reduction (redox) reactions, leading to th... |
The number of people with diabetes in japan is approximately 8.9 million; adding those with impaired glucose tolerance brings the estimated total population with prediabetes and overt disease to 22.1 million . In japan, type 2 diabetes accounts for 95% of the diabetic population . Patients with type 2 diabetes often pr... |
Community - based efforts to provide family planning (fp) information and services have been used to access hard - to - reach patients . This approach started in the 1960s in indonesia, korea, taiwan and thailand before broadening throughout asia and latin america during the 1970s and 1980s and into africa from the 199... |
Current prescribing practices for lens care systems have shown an overwhelming trend towards multipurpose solutions (mps), followed by one - step hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) lens care systems . Lens care systems have been less frequently prescribed in recent years . In a study of patients ages 8 to 33 years old (n=3,549),... |
With an estimated prevalence of 1:2500, dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) is the third most common cause of heart failure and the most frequent cause of heart transplantation . The onset of dcm is often progressive; however, it might also be revealed by acute complications resulting from cardioembolic events . Here, we pres... |
Pancytopenia is an important clinico - hematological entity encountered in our day - to - day clinical practice . It is a disorder in which all three major formed elements of blood (red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets) are decreased in number . It is not a disease entity but a triad of findings that may re... |
Results from metastasectomy suggest a survival advantage but there are many patients with small volume but inoperable disease, bilateral disease or patients with both liver and lung metastases . As a result, we have treated 488 metastases in 151 patients with inoperable disease and achieved a median survival of 41 mont... |
Extramammary paget s disease (empd) is a somewhat rare, initially intraepithelial neoplasm that grows slowly but can become infiltrating and develop into a metastasizing adenocarcinoma . Empd can occur in various parts of the body, especially in those where the skin is rich in apocrine and eccrine glands [3, 4]. The mo... |
Fixed drug eruption (fde) is characterized by the recurrence of eruption at the same site of the skin or mucous membrane with recurrent exposure to a drug . Though various drugs have been implicated in pathogenesis, fde is more commonly caused by nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (nsaids). A 49-year - old woman wa... |
Over the past decade, mammalian taste receptors that play a major role in tastant recognition have been found. (1) the perception of sweet, umami, and bitter tastants is mediated by g protein - coupled receptors (gpcrs): that is, t1r2/t1r3 for sweet,(2) t1r1/t1r3 for umami,(3) and t2rs for bitter tastants . In vitro as... |
Systemic sclerosis (ssc) is a heterogeneous, multisystem disorder characterized by vasculopathy, fibrosis, and autoimmunity in the context of both genetic and environmental factors . Although the pathogenesis of ssc is not completely understood, there is strong evidence for a central role of abnormal signaling through ... |
The japanese regulatory authority is not well known to the rest of the world, as is the food and drug administration (fda). It is true that, the japanese ministry of health, labor, and welfare (mhlw) is a complex organization, although any regulatory authority is by definition complex . Its ancestor, the ministry of he... |
In current stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, two of the greatest challenges [1, 2] are to control the differentiation of stem cells and to ensure the purity of isolated cells . The process of stem cell differentiation is at present monitored by biological assays, namely, immunocytochemistry [3, 4]. There is ... |
Prostaglandin analogues (pgas) comprise one of the drug classes used in treating glaucoma . These agents act primarily by increasing uveoscleral outflow and thereby lowering iop (crawford and kaufman 1987; gabelt and kaufman 1989; nilsson et al 1989; camras 1995). Frequently, glaucoma studies that have evaluated pga su... |
Colonic atresia is contributing 1.8 - 15% of all intestinal atresias, with an incidence of 1:40,000 live birth . Reported - associated anomalies are malfixation of the mesentery, hirschsprung's disease, anterior abdominal wall defects, ocular and facial anomalies, and other atresias . The association of annular pancrea... |
Acute attack, illness fluctuation, attention deficit, confusion, and disturbance of consciousness are core features of postoperative delirium (pod).1 elderly patients with preoperative cognitive impairment, dementia, anxiety, and depression are more prone to pod.2 elderly oral cancer patients who undergo tumor resectio... |
Prognosis is generally good with long - term survival rates higher than 90% . Despite their favorable prognosis patients with dtc therapeutic management in recurrent and metastatic dtc depends on the type of initial treatment, the site and extension of the disease . Radioactive iodine (i131) administration and/or surgi... |
C57bl/6 strain mice 7 - 8 weeks old, weighing 255 g were maintained in a ventilated animal house of department of research, jawaharlal nehru cancer hospital and research centre, bhopal (india). All the mice were kept at controlled environmental condition (222, 605% humidity) with 12 h light / dark cycle . B16f10 mouse ... |
These complications include urinary leakage from the ureteral anastomosis, fistula, stenosis, and obstruction of the urinary tract, especially at the ureteral anastomosis (1, 5, 6). The most important surgical complications are stenosis and obstruction of anastomosis of the ureter to the bladder which can occur in 2 - ... |
It is a chronic, multifactorial, and systemic disease characterized by the presence of long - standing inflammation [1, 2]. As with most autoimmune diseases, ra predominantly affects women [2, 3], and its prevalence had been reported to be between 0.3 and 1.6% . In addition to diarthrodial joints, ra can damage virtual... |
Polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids (n-3 pufa) are important components of cell membranes affecting their function, as they are incorporated into the phospholipids . Mammals do not produce 12 and 15 desaturase enzymes and therefore cannot produce either linoleic acid (la; 18:2n-6) or -linolenic acid (ala; 18:3n-3), precurs... |
Total knee arthroplasty (tka) has been frequently performed for severe degenerative arthritis in senior patients . Unfortunately, tka can be technically challenging in knees with profound varus deformity when it is combined with medial soft tissue contracture and lateral soft tissue laxity1). Ligament balancing has bee... |
Several fatal infectious diseases, such as middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers), ebola and zika virus, have recently emerged around the world, and mortality rates are very high in patients who contract these illnesses (1). Many infectious diseases are caused by viral infections, and in particular by rna ... |
In the past two decades, the function of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) in the central nervous system (cns) has gained much attention . Mmps are calcium (ca) dependent zinc (zn) containing endopeptidases produced in latent forms . Once activated, they participate in the regulation of diverse physiological and patholo... |
The pathological findings in ischemic heart diseases are characterized by extensive cardiomyocyte apoptosis, necrosis, and replacement of myocardial tissue with noncontractile fibrous cells after myocardial infarction . Since mature cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated cells, their natural replacement with fibr... |
A 75-year - old man presented to our clinic with pain in his back, both thighs, and calves that had persisted for seven months . When he walked for 10 minutes, his pain was aggravated and accompanied by dysesthesia of the feet, and these symptoms were relieved by bending over . His pain score was 8 on the 11-point nume... |
Drug design is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target . Conventional drug design embraces the notion of one target, one drug, one disease and it has been prevalent paradigm in pharmaceutical industry over the past two decades.1 the main idea of this approach is th... |
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