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Laparoscopic appendectomy has become a frequently used alternative in the treatment of acute appendicitis . In 1983, laparoscopic appendectomy was first described by semm, a german surgeon, and in 1987, schreiber carried out the first laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis . Laparoscopic appendectomy has not ... |
The final outcome of autoimmunity and the extent by which it progresses to clinically overt disease have a direct or indirect impact and/or are influenced by parameters associated with health - related quality of life (hrqol). Hrqol is a multidimensional concept that includes subjective evaluations of domains related t... |
The demand for dietary supplements has continually increased in recent years as the concept of' well being' widely spread in korea . The market value for dietary supplements in korea was approximately 600 billion won (600 million usd) in year 2005 (1), and personal spending was approximately 950,000 won (950 usd) per y... |
Secondary fibrosarcoma of the brain is an exceedingly rare tumor, occurring almost exclusively as a complication of therapeutic radiation to a preexisting intracranial tumor [15]. These tumors tend to spread rapidly with extensive involvement of the optic nerves, hypothalamus, and the brain stem, which makes total surg... |
Phthalate acid esters, a class of chemical compounds mainly used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (pvc) or to a lesser extent other resins in different industrial activities, are ubiquitous in the environment and have evoked interest in the past decade due to endocrine disrupting effects and their potential impac... |
The mayer - rokitansky - kuster - hauser (mrkh) syndrome affects at least 1 out of 4500 women and has for a long time been considered as a sporadic anomaly . Congenital absence of upper vagina and uterus is the prime feature of the disease, which, in addition, is often found associated with unilateral renal agenesis or... |
Biomechanical preparation is one of the most important procedures in endodontic treatment which influences root canal irrigation and obturation . Nickel - titanium (niti) instruments offer many advantages to overcome the procedural errors of stainless steel . They are flexible, maintain the original canal shape during ... |
Dehradun), and pvp k-90, hpmc (47 centipoise), scmc (high viscosity grade) were obtained from central drug house, mumbai . Buccal films of enalapril maleate were prepared by solvent casting technique using film forming mucoadhesive polymers table 1 . Hpmc was weighed (200 mg) accurately and dissolved in 2 ml of ethanol... |
Extramedullary involvement of the kidneys is seen in around 7% when assessed by intravenous pyelography and defined as nephromegaly . Acute renal failure (arf) has a large variety of etiologies but when associated to all it is typically due to treatment - induced tumor lysis syndrome . Within the first days after start... |
Acrokeratosis verruciformis (akv) of hopf is a very rare heritable hyperkeratotic dermatosis that was originally described by hopf in 1931 . It is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with unknown etiology affecting both sexes, more common in males when compared to females with a ratio of 5:1.3 . The lesions are usuall... |
Colonic volvulus ranks as the third most common cause of large - bowel obstruction in the usa following cancer and diverticulitis . It is estimated that volvulus is responsible for 5% of all cases of intestinal obstructions and 1015% of large - bowel obstructions . The sigmoid colon (80%) is the most common site of lar... |
Wound dehiscence is an inconvenient but known complication of surgery, particularly in the case of caesarean sections . However, the recurrence of significant wound dehiscence following successive caesarean sections, as described in the case below, suggests an underlying comorbidity . A 33-year - old woman was booked f... |
Methicillin - resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a multidrug - resistant organism that has infiltrated the hospital and the community . An mrsa carrier is a person having bacterial colonization of the skin or nose usually without symptoms . Although most mrsa infections are not serious, some can be life - threat... |
Since the mid-1960s hundreds of national surveys have documented the historic rise in contraceptive use . On average, use has grown at about one percentage point a year, or 10 percentage points in ten years (for example from 30% to 40% of married / in union women of reproductive age using contraception). For the develo... |
Vascular calcification is a kind of extraosseous calcification and is associated with aging physiologically, and a number of disorders including esrd, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease pathologically . Multifactorial processes contribute to vc in which derangements in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis play... |
Risk indices for avian influenza a virus: we used the risk indices for avian influenza a in wild birds from the invasion risk map of our previous study, which was estimated with a spatial resolution of 0.0962 (about 10 10 km) using the logistic output and inherent untested assumption that tau=0.5 . The risk indices wer... |
The authors report no conflicts of interest . The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article. |
Embryonic stem cells (escs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst (figure 1a). The scientists first discovered ways to isolate and culture escs from early mouse embryos in 1981, nearly 30 years ago (evans and kaufman, 1981). They developed a method in 1998 to derive stem cells fr... |
Among the dystrophinopaties, which represent the first cause of myopathy in the children, duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) is one of the most severe and frequent forms . Dmd is due to an abnormality in a gene located on the short arm of chromosome x (xp21 band), the mutation of which causes a severe alteration of gene... |
Complex regional pain syndrome (crps) is a collection of locally appearing painful conditions following trauma which chiefly occur distally and exceed in intensity and duration the expected clinical course of the original trauma . It is reasonable to assume that different mechanisms, for example, inflammation, hypoxia,... |
Aortoenteric fistula (aef) results from direct communication between the aorta and gastrointestinal (gi) tract . It is a rare but significant clinical entity associated with high morbidity and mortality if remains untreated (1). Secondary aefs are complications of aortic vascular procedures with a postoperative inciden... |
Whether through work - related exposure, or interactions with the ambient environment, people are exposed to a complex mixture of natural and man - made chemicals . Chemical exposure may occur through dermal, oral, or inhalation pathways, and compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), pesticides, dioxin... |
Placement of an uncuffed double lumen catheter for initiating hemodialysis (hd) is a common interventional procedure performed by a nephrologist . Right internal jugular vein is the preferred initial access site for catheter placement using the seldinger technique . Although central venous catheterization is frequently... |
Diarrhea is the fourth - leading cause of death among children under 5 y of age worldwide, killing an estimated 530,000 and hospitalizing millions in 2015, mostly in developing countries . Among the various causes of diarrheal diseases, etec and shigella recent impact studies indicate that immunizing against these two ... |
Renal cell carcinoma associated with a fused ectopic kidney has rarely been reported in the literature . We report the first case of robot - assisted heminephrectomy for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in a fused ectopic kidney in a 55-year - old woman . This report highlights the importance of preoperative contrast -... |
Although the preterm birth rate has been declined over the last several years, it continues to hover around 11% . Moreover, despite improved survival of preterm infants and major changes in their care, many common caregiving issues remain, including when to initiate and when and how to advance oral feedings to achieve ... |
The discovery of x - rays by roentgen in 1895 revolutionized dentistry.1 in the last decade, three dimensional technology was refined for integration into routine dental practice with the discovery of cone beam computed tomography (cbct). A risk of nerve infiltration and maxillary sinus perforation exists originating f... |
We are witnessing a steady evolution towards progressively less invasive techniques . Although the adoption of robotic surgery has been hailed as a landmark in minimally invasive surgery, the huge initial capital outlay and the high maintenance costs are major obstacles . Recently, there is a renewed interest in single... |
Metabolic syndrome (mets), a cluster of metabolic risk factors, is considered to be an intermediate outcome preceding disability and death from various related diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (cvd). Dietary pattern is an important factor associated with components of mets such as obesity,... |
E14 cells were cultured in dmem (gibco) supplemented with 15% fbs (gibco), 2 mm glutamax (gibco), 0.1 mm mem nonessential amino acids, 0.1 mm -mercaptoethanol (sigma), 1% pen / strep (gibco) and 1000u lif / ml (esgro) on gelatinized petri dishes . Sk - br-3 cells were cultured in mccoy s 5a medium modified (atcc) with ... |
Disability is not just a health problem or attribute of individuals, but it reflects difficulties individuals may experience in interaction with society and physical movements . The term disability has many different meanings; the global burden of disease (gbd) however, uses the term disability to refer to loss of heal... |
Tial - based alloys range among of the most advanced materials for high - temperature structural applications and are considered for applications in e.g. Aero - engine and automotive industry because of their combination of high strength and light weight, . Al - based alloys, on the other hand, are highly interesting f... |
A number of studies have proved body mass index (bmi) as a risk factor in predicting cardiovascular disease . People with higher value of bmi usually had more cardiovascular comorbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension or hyperlipidemia . These comorbidities further increased the development of coronary artery disease... |
Traditional excision of primary or metastatic lesions involving the spine was based on local curettage or piecemeal resection . However, these techniques show obvious disadvantages, mainly because of the higher risks of local contamination by neoplastic cells and the inability to completely remove the lesion . The firs... |
The human vestibule has preserved an ancestral sound sensitivity, which is indicated by the normal findings in the cvemps [15] and so - called vestibular hearing [610]. The vestibular hearing lies in the range of aloud low frequencies (50800 hz and above 90 db spl), which may be obtainable from loud dance music or over... |
The diagnosis and treatment of cushing's disease (cd) are among the greatest challenges in endocrinology . The diagnostic criteria of cd and the treatment principles in typical cases have been established according to a consensus of experts [1, 2]. However, postoperative management protocols differ across centres and c... |
Second hand smoke (shs) or environment tobacco smoke (ets), a complex mixture of gases and particles that contain many carcinogenic and toxic compounds, results from indoor tobacco smoking. (12) there is no safe level of exposure to second hand smoke. (3) over the last 30 years, a substantial body of evidence has accum... |
The clinical course of chronic diseases is frequently complicated by the progressive deterioration of nutritional status, which significantly impacts on patients' morbidity, mortality and quality of life . Chronic renal failure and end - stage renal disease are not exceptions, and up to 60% of patients undergoing haemo... |
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and ct results on 218 patients who complained of tearing symptoms with nldo who were planned to undergo dcr surgery between january 2014 and december 2014 . All patients were recruited from kim's eye hospital's outpatient clinic, and diagnosis of nldo was made clinically ... |
A 14- years- old girl was referred to the ent clinic at harrogate district hospital with a long history of lump on the tongue; she had this lump for as long as she could remember . It was slowly getting bigger, and started causing some gagging sensation but was never painful . Clinical examination revealed a very mobil... |
Hanwoo, the dominant breed for beef production in korea, is known for yielding high quality beef with intense marbling and a high percentage of unsaturated oleic fatty acid . The marbling score is determined by the degree of intramuscular adipose (i m a) deposition in the exposed longissimus dorsi (ld) muscle tissue at... |
Interest in dental esthetics has increased rapidly during the last few decades, among both patients and dentists.1 because the focus of many adults has shifted toward esthetics, it becomes a primary consideration for patients seeking prosthodontic treatment . When planning treatment, dentists have to understand beauty,... |
Non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are widely recognized for their ability to cause gastroduodenal ulceration . Erosions, superficial and deep ulcerations, strictures and diaphragm - like narrowing in the distal intestine and proximal colon have been identified as complications of chronic use of nsaids,... |
Multiple sclerosis (ms) is defined as one of the inflammatory autoimmune disorders with the existence of progressive focal inflammatory myelin (demyelinating) and axonal loss, which affects the central nervous system (1). More than 60,000 patients were registered in the iranian ms society (imss) by the end of 2014 (2, ... |
Clostridial toxins in nature are remarkably efficient cell cytosol delivery vehicles with highly evolved cell - specific delivery features that may be ideal for therapeutic applications . Specifically these toxins (1) gain entry to animals; (2) survive in blood; (3) bind to target cells expressing a specific receptor; ... |
Amyloidoma is defined as a localized, solitary tumor like deposit of amyloid without any evidence of systemic amyloidosis . Calcification and giant cell reaction can rarely occur in amyloidoma, and it causes a great diagnostic difficulty . Herein, we present an unusual case of solitary soft tissue amyloidoma of neck wi... |
Bone tissue and other organ dysfunction can be provoked by poor eating habits, stress, age - related diseases such as osteoarthritis or osteoporosis, as well as accidents.1 to date, common procedures to restore or enhance life expectancy involve medical device insertion or organ transplantation.1 however, due to the lo... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40121 - 014 - 0034-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Clostridium difficile is a fastidious anaerobe that causes nosocomial antibiotic - associated colitis, ranging from mild to severe disease, including pseudo - membranous colit... |
Pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives are a class of important heterocycles with a wide range of biological properties such as spasmolytic, diuretic, anticoagulant, anticancer, and antianaphylactic activities [25]. The synthesis of novel tetrazole derivatives and the investigation of their chemical and biological behavior ... |
Tunneling measurements were carried out on a picostm (agilent, chandler) with the sample and probe submerged in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene . Approach and retraction curves conducting afm (picoafm, agilent, chandler) measurements used probes with nominal spring constants of 0.35 and 2 n / m (mikromasch) sputter coated with ... |
As a first step the clinician compares the observed value (ov) to the reference interval . If the ov is within the interval he will look for a difference from the previous results of the patient to identify a possible trend . If lower than the low reference limit (rl), he will compare this ov to a medical decision limi... |
This study was approved by the institutional ethical committee and conducted according to the declaration of helsinki principles . All study participants including two patients, two available family members, and 108 normal controls provided a written consent to participate in the study . None of the participants had an... |
The growing tooth is the biologic recorder providing precise and permanent record of variations and fluctuations in the tooth development . Double tooth, double formations, joined teeth, fused teeth, or dental twinning are the terms frequently used to describe the anomaly of conjoined teeth . Other terms, such as fusio... |
Extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli (expec) pathotypes express genes that help them to occupy anatomic and environmental locations both inside and outside the gastrointestinal tract . Compared to k12 strains, uropathogenic e. coli (upec) carry an expanded repertoire of iron - regulated genes . These nonconserve... |
The following online material is available for this article: figure s1: the sequence of the sites with altered cpg methylation. |
Evidence that the structure of the brain is responsive to pre- and post - natal manipulations and that these may affect sex differences in brain structure is not new (e.g., juraska, 1991). It has also been noted that sexual differentiation may progress independently in different brain tissues thus enabling genetically ... |
The accurate calculation of excited - state properties remains one of the major challenges in theoretical chemistry . Among the popular approaches in the field, one finds several single - reference ab initio theories (e.g., time - dependent density functional theory (td - dft), algebraic diagrammatic construction (adc)... |
Experimental animals - one hundred inbred balb / c mice weighing between 15 - 20 g and raised in the animal facilities of the gonalo moniz research centre, oswaldo cruz foundation were used . The mice were maintained in accordance with the ethical guidelines established by the ethical committee for the use of experimen... |
Cloned virus (3 plaque purifications) was propagated in an a549 cell line, which was maintained in minimal essential medium supplemented with 1% fetal bovine serum (cansera international inc ., was observed, cell lysates were centrifuged at 1,430 g for 20 min at 4c . Pellets were resuspended in sterile water and treate... |
The prevalence and incidence are increasing worldwide with diabetes and hypertension as the leading cause . This condition requires frequent serum analysis to diagnose and monitor therapeutic outcomes and to ascertain prognosis . Creatinine, a waste product of muscle metabolism, is primarily excreted by kidneys and its... |
Tlr9 emerged as a robust pathogen recognition receptor of innate immune system in the present decade and is known to be present in the endosomal membrane of the plasmacytoid dendritic cells [pdcs], macrophages, and b- cells where it functions as a known sensor for bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic foreign dna . P... |
Bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is the second most important food crop after rice based on international commodity price and third in order of production after maize and rice . Wheat is extensively grown throughout the world and provides protein content, as well as 20% of basic caloric value to humans . Wheat is the... |
Although ti and its alloys have been used for more than half a century as monolithic, solid implant materials, they are limited by lack of fusion and bone resorption due to stress shielding . This results from an order - of - magnitude greater metal stiffness (or young's modulus) relative to cortical (hard) bone and up... |
I sranim oboljenjima rezistentnim na optimalnu medicinsku terapiju, srana resinhronizaciona terapija (crt) dovodi do reverznog remodelovanja leve komore i potencijalno do promena u sintezi i degradaciji sranog kolagena . Prospektivno smo prouavali 46 pacijenata sa sranim oboljenjima (prosene starosti 619 godina, 87% mu... |
Following high velocity limb trauma the defects in the long bone are usually associated with appreciable soft tissue losses . These open long bone injuries always require multidisciplinary managements to reconstruct the composite defects of bone and soft - tissue . There are various methods of reconstruction of post - ... |
Crohn's disease (cd) is a chronic remitting and relapsing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract . The etiology of cd is incompletely understood, but is thought to relate to an inappropriate activation of the mucosal immune system in genetically susceptible individuals . Various inciting triggers for the on... |
Granulomatous gastritis (gg) can be caused by infectious disease (tuberculosis, mycosis, syphilis), sarcoidosis, crohn's disease, or may be part of vasculitis syndrome . Idiopathic granulomatous gastritis (igg) is a disorder of the stomach initially described by fahimi et al ., and is only diagnosed when these disease ... |
In a carefully performed retrospective study of 1,314 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, shahin and colleagues found that postoperative use of dobutamine was independently associated with a 2.3-fold increase in mortality and a 2.7-fold increased risk of renal dysfunction, after correcting for preoperative risk, cardi... |
The liver is a central organ for the regulation of energy homeostasis in general and blood glucose homeostasis in particular . It responds directly and autonomously to blood glucose concentration [1, 2] and is as well a central target of the neural and hormonal factors controlling energy metabolism; while insulin promo... |
Infertility is one of the most important issues related to health that can be estimated via its rate . Calculating the prevalence of infertility is important for evaluating the potential of fertility in any given society (1). The number of infertility treatment centers and the experts in this field is increasing accord... |
It is important to check for the presence of a tick bite, because immediate and accurate treatment may reduce the morbidity and mortality of tick - borne diseases . By dermoscopy, we have previously detected a lesion caused by a tick bite and the tick's lost hypostome in a patient . Dermoscopy can easily detect the six... |
Major depression is a heterogeneous disorder with a variable course which is associated with high levels of disability, impairment in quality of life, and increased mortality rates . It adversely affects physical health, cognitive performance, and social relationships . According to the american psychiatric association... |
The dehydrogenation of acyl - coa intermediates in the catabolism of fatty acids and branched - chain amino acids in humans is catalysed by the mitochondrial acyl - coa dehydrogenase enzymes [1, 2]. Defects in, or inhibition of, isovaleryl - coa dehydrogenase and 2-methylbutyryl - coa dehydrogenase result in the accumu... |
Yeast strain by4742, inp1 - 5xgfp, mcherry - pts1 (mat, his31, leu20, lys20, ura30, inp1::inp15 gfp, can1::mcherry - pts1) was constructed by inserting a 5 gfp cassette at the 3-end of the inp1 gene and by replacing the orf of the can1 locus with sequence coding for mcherry fused at its c - terminus with the peroxisoma... |
Several wellcharacterized examples of silylium ions, tricoordinated silyl cations of the general formula r3si, are known.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 commonly, all of these cations are substituted with three bulky aryl groups to prevent bimolecular reactions with nucleophiles.9 even the replacement of only one of the aryl gr... |
Asthma and atopic diseases continue to increase in prevalence in westernized countries; however, the cause for this rise remains unknown . While many hypotheses have been proposed, research continues into the mechanism(s) that drive the development of atopic disease . One potential hypothesis that has been proposed is ... |
Appendectomy for acute appendicitis (aa) is the most commonly performed emergency operation in the world . Appendicitis is a disease of the young with 40% of cases occurring in patients between the ages of 10 and 29 years (1). Delay in diagnosis and treatment results in an increased rate of perforation, postoperative m... |
Keloids have been defined as a benign growth of dense fibrous tissue arising from an abnormal healing response to an injury and extending beyond the original borders of the wound . In addition to the aesthetic disfigurement, keloids can be pruritic and tender and can be complicated by secondary infection . Some adjuvan... |
Thoracic injuries are most commonly caused by penetrating trauma (stab or gunshot wounds) or blunt trauma (traffic accidents, falls from heights) [2, 3]. This paper presents two cases of penetrating chest wounds treated at the cardiac surgery department, trauma surgery department, and intensive care unit of the jzef st... |
It is characterised by a lower blood / gas partition coefficient, less irritation to the airway, less cardiodepressive effect, and less toxicity to the liver and kidney as compared with other volatile anaesthetics . However, concern has been raised over propensity of sevoflurane for significant excitatory emergence fea... |
Leishmaniasis is a protozoal infection transmitted by the bite of female sandflies, with the majority (90%) of cases being reported from india, nepal, bangladesh, brazil and sudan . In some regions, up to 30% of the population leishmaniasis has three main forms, cutaneous (the most common form), mucocutaneous and visce... |
In the last years, many authors highlighted the importance of outcome research in oncology, either in clinical research or in daily clinical practice . Outcome research has been defined as a discipline investigating the relationship between the results of clinical research and clinical practice, but a consensus about t... |
Increase in the demand for esthetic dentistry has resulted in widespread practice of vital bleaching . Vital bleaching is considered a safe, popular, conservative, well - accepted treatment modality for discolored teeth . Bleaching agents in varying concentrations have been used to achieve rapid esthetic results . Hydr... |
Very few biologists cared about databases 25 years ago, simply because there was no need to organize biological data the amount of biological data began to grow quickly, as sequenced genomes became commonplace and then skyrocketed when next - generation sequencing (ngs) (1) spread the omics revolution . Since january 2... |
In january 2015, a total of 50 fecal samples were randomly collected from the general monkey population at a farm with 2,000 monkeys in kunming city, yunnan province, china, in accordance with the guidelines for humane treatment of animals and approved by the institutional animal care and use committee of the institute... |
Paroxetine; (3s,4r)-3-[(1,3-benzodioxol-5-vloxy)methyl]-4-(4-flurophenyl) piperidine (prx) is a new generation antidepressant drug . It exerts its antidepressant effect through a selective inhibition for the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin by the presynaptic receptors . Prx is comparable to the tricyclic ant... |
T66sexn / asequencer or array typeillumina hiseq 2 100 bp paired - end and roche 454 flx + + data formatanalyzedexperimental factorsdna extracted from a pure strain, no treatmentexperimental featuresdraft genome sequencingconsentn / asample source locationthe coast of madeira, portugal eicosapentaenoic acid (epa; 20:5n... |
Apolipoprotein e (apoe) is a plasma protein involved in regulating the body's metabolism of lipoproteins and cholesterol balance . Human apoe has three isoforms, 3, 4, and 2, due to the cysteine - arginine interchanges at codons 112 and 158 . The apoe 4 allele has been widely studied as a risk factor for mild cognitive... |
Most cases of diarrhea (88%) are attributable to unsafe water and inadequate sanitation and hygiene . According to ngwe and banza - nsungu, diarrheal diseases (usually linked to faecal contamination of water) cameroon red cross and international federation of red cross and red crescent societies stated that cholera out... |
Liczba prac porwnujcych klasyczne badanie cystouretrografii mikcyjnej i badanie ultrasonograficzne z uyciem rodkw kontrastujcych drugiej generacji jest jednak niewielka . Dotd nie opublikowano pracy, ktra porwnaaby jednoczasowo obie metody w diagnostyce odpyww pcherzowo - moczowodowych . Prezentowana praca ma na celu o... |
Because early complications such as anastomosis site leakage can be disastrous and cause significant morbidity and mortality to patients undergoing esophageal reconstruction, the successful esophagogastric anastomosis is closely related to early patient outcome (1). Cervical esophagogastric anastomosis (cega) is a wide... |
Transverse myelitis is a very rare neurologic syndrome caused by inflammation of the spinal cord and occurs in both adults and children . Jeffery et al . Collected 33 cases in the albuquerque area, nm, with a population base of 500,000 from 1960 through 1990 yielding an incidence of 4.6 per million per year . Berman et... |
As the most common type of diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes (t2d) is a complex pathophysiological disease that various environmental and genetic factors are contributed to its development (1, 2). According to the international diabetes federation, 371 million people have been diagnosed with diabetes as of 2012, and t... |
Biodiesel is composed of esters of fatty acids with a short - chain alcohol (methanol or ethanol). It is an alternative fuel obtained from renewable sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats and emits fewer atmospheric pollutants than petroleum diesel . Because its properties are similar to those of petroleum dies... |
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