Datasets:
OkayestProgrammer
/
pubmed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
2
text
stringlengths
0
868k
Breast cancer (bc) is the second, after lung cancer (4050%), most common cause of brain metastases (brain metastases from breast cancer bmf - bc) (1525%), and in this respect it comes before melanoma (515%) and renal and colorectal cancers [16]. At diagnosis of a bc of a locoregional extent, the risk of bmf - bc develo...
Eleven participants with anisometropic amblyopia (1 male; age: 27 8 years) and 14 visually normal controls (5 males; age: 26 7 years) participated (see table for clinical characteristics). It included an early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (etdrs) visual acuity test, measurement of refractive errors, prism cover...
Recent reports have raised concerns that drug - eluting stent (des) implantation may cause delayed or absent endothelialization of traumatized coronary vessel walls that could result in coronary endothelial dysfunction 1,2 . A recent human autopsy study showed that the most important histological and morphometric predi...
The coordination between the lumbar spine and hip during trunk motion is known as the lumbopelvic rhythm (lpr), which is similar to the scapulohumeral rhythm during arm elevation in the scapular plane that indicates upper limb function1 . Like the scapulohumeral rhythm the lpr has been also calculated as the lumbar - h...
It is well established that nonpharmacological management using cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt) is effective for the management of depression and anxiety [13], and for maintaining quality of life (qol) in cancer patients . Given the limited availability of therapists, the access is a challenge . Low - intensity work...
Exacerbations are a significant cause of morbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). The course of the disease is characterized by episodes of exacerbation with seasonal variation, defined as events during the natural progress of the disease featuring aggravation of the symptoms that often require a chan...
It can be accomplished by introduction of cell cycle molecules such as cyclin - dependent kinase 6 (cdk6) and cyclin d1, but their continuous overexpression raises oncogenic concerns . We attempted to mimic normal, transient, perinatal human -cell proliferation by delivering these molecules in a regulated and reversibl...
Until the early 1990s it was common practice to administer large doses of sedatives, analgetics and neuromuscular blocking agents (nmbas) routinely to mechanically ventilated patients . The underlying assumption was that, without such medications, patients could not tolerate invasive intensive care unit (icu) treatment...
In march 2007, a 65-year - old man with adpkd, and consequently underwent hemodialysis since june 2001, was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of poor oral intake due to abdominal distention . His daily urine volume was approximately 300 ml and his abdomen was distended, with a maximum circumference of 105 cm . The...
Ataxia is a common disabling symptom in patients with cerebellar or brainstem infarction . Whereas the topography in accompanying symptoms, such as eye movement disorder, dysphagia and dissociated sensory patterns, has been studied extensively, the topodiagnostic implications of ataxia have not received as much attenti...
Retinal capillary hemangioblastoma may occur sporadically either as an isolated lesion or as the first manifestation of von hippel - lindau (vhl) syndrome.1 the natural course of retinal capillary hemangiomas can show progression, stability, or spontaneous regression.2 however, in most eyes, varying amounts of intra- a...
The mitochondrion converts nutrients into the energy - generating molecule adenosine triphosphate (atp) in order to fuel aerobic respiration . . Any disruption of mitochondrial structure and/or function can lead to a wide assortment of medical disorders because the resulting oxidative stress interferes with the generat...
Smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (stump) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, from both the histological and clinical point of view . The majority of cases follow a benign clinical course, however a few can metastasize as either tumor of low malignant potential or leiomyosarcomas . Occasionally,...
Eligible patients were aged 20 years or older, with a body weight of at least 40 kg . Patients were required to have chronic genotype 2 hcv infection, with hcv rna levels 10 iu / ml at screening . Patients could have been either treatmentnaive or treatmentexperienced (see online supplement for definitions). Up to 20% o...
In april 2002, the central government of india stated: a physician should participate in professional meetings as part of continuing medical education programs, for at least 30 hours every five years, organized by reputed professional academic bodies or any other authorized organisations . Despite this proclamation, re...
Heart failure, particularly in patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function, represents a major therapeutic challenge in modern cardiology . Despite advances in pharmacotherapy and widespread use of highly specialized devices, such as cardioverter defibrillators and pacemakers with a cardiac resynchronizat...
Since its inception over a decade ago, microarray technology has significantly increased its application - base and popularity . Initially developed to measure expression levels of given transcripts, microarrays provide a snapshot of the dynamic cellular transcriptomes which have been extracted from an isolated tissue ...
A 15-year - old male had visited our outpatient clinic of hanyang university seoul hospital due to pectus excavatum in 2007 . He had no symptoms such as chest pain, dyspnea, or heart problems . However, he complained of cosmetic problems due to the appearance of his asymmetrical chest wall . Echocardiography was perfor...
Hepatorenal syndrome (hrs), a form of functional renal impairment, is one of the most serious complications in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis or acute liver failure . The main pathophysiology of development of hrs is reno - vascular constriction.1 in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis, the development of sp...
Chloroquine has been used in suriname as a treatment for malaria since 1958, and was first replaced with pyrimethamine / sulfadoxine and subsequently with quinine after reports of in vivo chloroquine - resistant plasmodium falciparum in suriname in 1973 . As part of a strengthened malaria program, artemisinin combinati...
The current nucleic acids research (nar) database issue is the 22nd annual collection of brief descriptions of bioinformatics databases, some of which are already well known, while others are described here for the first time . It includes 172 papers, of which 56 describe new databases (table 1), 98 provide updates on ...
According to the american speech - language - hearing association (asha), hearing is defined as the process of collecting, attending to, and understanding sound from the environment (asha, 2012). There is no doubt that our hearing sensory system is a primary window to discover the world . Throughout our lives, hearing ...
The most common clinical presentation is a firm nodule, from pink to red in color, sometimes slightly pedunculated, measuring up to 2 cm in diameter . When multiple lesions appear on palms and soles the condition has been termed eccrine poromatosis . Dermatopathologically it is a proliferation arising from the lower po...
Non - hodgkin's b - cell lymphomas represent the vast majority of primary gastric lymphomas, whereas primary hodgkin's lymphoma (hl) involving the stomach is exceedingly rare and only a few cases have been reported in the medical literature to date [2 - 9]. A diagnosis of hl depends primarily on the detection of reed -...
Metal on metal hip (mom) resurfacing / replacement has recently been one of the most discussed topics in orthopaedics . We present a case of psoas abscess and infected hip prosthesis in a patient with suspected metallosis secondary to metal on metal total hip replacement . To our knowledge a 49 year old male patient pr...
Hypopituitarism is defined as either partial or complete deficiency of anterior or posterior pituitary hormone secretion or both . On the other hand, hypopituitarism itself may increase the risk of thromboembolism / hypercoagulopathy, and the underlying mechanisms of hemostatic dysfunctions in hypopituitarism are mostl...
Primary hyperparathyroidism (phpt) is a common endocrine disorder affecting about 2 - 3% of all postmenopausal women in europe . The association between vitamin d and phpt is complex and not fully understood [46]. It is not known if vitamin d deficiency could trigger phpt or vitamin d deficiency is caused or worsened b...
The complete, imperforate transverse vaginal septum is one of the most infrequent anomalies of female reproductive tract . The largest series reported by lodi states an incidence of three cases in 90,000 patients . Transverse vaginal septum results from incomplete fusion between the vaginal components of the mullerian ...
Despite the increasing number of oldest old population worldwide, longitudinal studies specifically designed to assess mortality in subjects aged over 85 years (the current fastest growing population subgroup in many countries) are still scarce in medical literature.13 the ability to predict mortality by measuring func...
These dental arch dimensions systematically change during the period of intensive growth and development, but lessen at adulthood . Because of this, many studies have investigated arch dimensional changes in various stages of growth and development, such as arch width and arch dimensions . During the mixed dentition, t...
From march 2003 to february 2005, 10 patients (3 males and 7 females: mean age, 58.7 years [range, 43 - 76 years]) with alavgs were referred to our interventional radiology practice for evaluation of graft patency or upper arm swelling . This study was approved by our institutional review board, and all the patients ga...
Evasion of apoptosis or programmed cell death, a key regulator of physiological growth control and regulation of tissue homeostasis, is a hallmark of cancer and a contributor to the emergence of resistance to current therapies . The b - cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) family of proteins regulate the intrinsic (mitochondrial) p...
Extracting any tooth can be a traumatic experience for a patient especially when the tooth is affecting the aesthetics . It is always desirable for the patient to receive a replacement of the lost tooth immediately . A dental implant can be placed in the tooth socket immediately after extraction . When a dental implant...
Erythema nodosum (en) represents a type of septal panniculitis without vasculitis, characterized by sudden onset of multiple tender painful bluish - purple erythematous nodules . The most common site of involvement is pre - tibial area and the disease course lasts for one to six weeks . We report a case of chronic and ...
Critically ill patients frequently develop multiple organ dysfunction syndrome independently of the nature of the original disease . Mechanical ventilation is often an indispensable part of life support in these patients, improving gas exchange and decreasing muscle workload . Despite these therapeutic effects, however...
Ms is defined as a pattern of metabolic disturbances including central obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension . The third report of the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel iii (ncep - atp iii) recognized the ms as a secondary target of risk - reduction therap...
A variety of ingredients are used to supplement foods in order to develop functional foods in the hope of reducing the risk of diseases . Popular ingredients are minerals, fibres, probiotics, antioxidants, plant sterols, and omega-3 oils . There is also interest in prebiotics, peptides, and enzymes . In some instances,...
Intravenous (iv) route for fentanyl administration has been the gold standard for post - operative pain relief . However, it is often associated with complications such as respiratory depression, bradycardia and hypotension . Fentanyl being highly lipophilic is suitable for use through this route and pulmonary administ...
Generally, schizophrenia represents two series of symptoms: positive and negative symptoms:[24] delusions, disintegrated thinking and speech, heightened perceptions and hallucinations, and irrelevant reactions can be considered as positive symptoms . On the other hand, pathological deficits of the personality, which th...
The pattern of health behavior contributes to the variation of disease affection among individuals exposed to similar environmental risk factor for a disease . One of the underlying factors that influence the pattern of health behavior is individuals concern about their health . Heightened concern is associated with im...
Acute coronary syndromes (acs) are a set of signs and symptoms due to the rupture of a plaque and are a consequence of platelet - rich coronary thrombus formation . The thrombus leads to partial or complete coronary artery occlusion, which, in turn, leads to myocardial ischemia and various clinical manifestations rangi...
It occurs in 2.7% to 8% of females presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms and surgical treatment is still debatable . Any strict diagnostic criteria has not been documented for female urethral stricture because of its rare incidence . However, defreitas et al . Stated that a detrusor pressure (pdet) of 25 cm of h...
Since the national institute of child health and human development (nichd) neonatal research network was founded in 1986 to perform multi - center trials and observational studies in neonatal medicine (1), studies led by neonatal research networks have played a crucial role in neonatology . Among several neonatal netwo...
Thammasat university hospital is a 450-bed tertiary care center with an 8-bed intensive care unit (icu) equipped with central air - conditioning and 2 isolation rooms . The hospital serves a 150-km radius referral base in central thailand and has 980 healthcare workers (hcws). All adults admitted to the icu with cap be...
Osteopontin (opn) is a highly acidic glycoprotein that was initially isolated from the mineralized matrix of bovine diaphyseal bone . Subsequently, it has been detected in several tissues, including the kidney, brain, cancers, and body fluids, including breast milk and male seminal fluids . Although the function of opn...
Guidelines recommend helicobacter pylori eradication in patients who undergo distal gastrectomy for treatment of gastric neoplasia . Despite these recommendations, several studies have reported poor long - term outcomes in patients negative for h. pylori infection after gastrectomy [2 - 4]. In these studies, negative h...
In the last decade, allergic rhinitis (ar) has become prominent among allergic diseases due to its prevalence, negative impact on quality of life, and associated comorbidities.1,2 several epidemiological, etiological, anatomical, and therapeutic similarities between asthma and rhinitis have been reported.1 - 3 it has b...
Tubercular dactylitis (td) is a tubercular infection of the short tubular bones of the hands and feet . Cystic expansion leads to formation of spina ventosa (spina spine - like projections; ventosa puffed, full of air). A 8-year - old girl presented in skin department with a history of gradually progressive painless sw...
Calcinosis circumscripta is a form of ectopic mineralization characterized by single or multiple cutaneous nodules containing calcium salts . Calcinosis cutis circumscripta is a very rare form of idiopathic calcinosis cutis arising in the second half oflife . We dealt with a very rare form of calcinosis cutis circumscr...
Despite malaria control programs in recent years, malaria is one of the most important infectious parasitic diseases in the world . According to the latest world health organization report although islamic republic of iran has been in the elimination phase since 2008 and 2010, respectively, malaria is still present in ...
In the recent decade, with the increased use of devices which produce radiofrequency radiation (rf), controversial reports over the effects of such devices on human health have been presented . Although the effects of these radiations on human cells are not completely understood, it has been stated that rf radiation at...
Acute esophageal thermal injury caused by food has been reported to occur mostly after drinking hot liquids or swallowing solid foods, both of which are reversible . Furthermore, it has been reported to produce alternating white and red linear mucosal bands (resembling a " candy cane "), esophageal ulcers, or pseudomem...
Compression neuropathy of nerves is relatively common, but among the various etiologies of compressive lesions, the development of an hourglass - like constriction of the nerve that is unrelated to any recognizably compressive structure is a very rare phenomenon . This problem has been reported previously for the radia...
Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy amongst women worldwide with approximately 500,000 new cases and 250,000 deaths each year estimated by the world health organization . Thus, the overall 5-year - survival rate for patients diagnosed with cervical cancer is approximately 50% and has not significantly ...
The renin - angiotensin system (ras), a major regulator of blood pressure and cardiovascular functions, is now fully recognized as playing important roles in the brain [16]. Among the active peptides generated by the ras, angiotensin ii (angii) stands as the best characterized . This octapeptide binds to two receptor s...
Livestock species, especially cattle, play an important role in economic development worldwide 1 . To increase profitability, cattle with superior, economically important traits such as growth, traditionally, phenotypic and pedigree data have been used to select and pair the best sires and dams, which would in many cas...
As the opportunities for implant surgery have expanded, use of implants in compromised clinical sites has increased . Fibro - osseous lesions of the cranial and facial bones are usually benign and tend to grow slowly . Benign fibro - osseous lesions have similar histopathological features as in fibrous dysplasia, ossif...
Alzheimer disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by impairment of cognition and severe memory loss . One of these pro - inflammatory molecules is tumor necrosis factor-, which is a neurotoxic and master regulator of pro - atherogenic phenotypic changes . Tumor necrosis factor- is elevated in alzheimer dis...
Lymphoproliferative disorder (lpd) in association with the reactivation of epstein - barr virus (ebv) has frequently been reported in immunocompromised patients following antithymocyte globulin (atg) therapy . Ebv commonly remains latent in nave b cells; however, in rare circumstances, it has also been shown to infect ...
Following central nervous system (cns) injuries, the incapability of axons to regenerate is due to the combination of a non - permissive extrinsic cns environment (mcgee and strittmatter, 2003; liu et al ., 2006; busch and silver, 2007) and a loss of intrinsic regenerative ability during development (goldberg et al . A...
Neutropenic enterocolitis (ne) or typhilitis (from the greek word typhlon meaning cecum) is one of the serious complications of neutropenia characterized by segmental ulceration and inflammation with necrosis of ileum, caecum and ascending colon which may progress to perforation and septicemia[14]. Ne has evolved from ...
The ddw meeting was held in may 20 - 22, 2012 in san diego, usa . Endoscopic ultrasound (eus) was an important topic in the meeting because it has been widely used in diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal and pancreatic diseases . New progresses discussed in the meeting about pancreatic diseases, biliary diseases...
In june 2014, we investigated whether evidence could be found for pprv infection in resident wildlife as a result of possible spillover from domestic animals (i.e., nomadic pastoral and agropastoral livestock), with whom they may share pasture and water resources in the ngorongoro district within nca (figure 1). After ...
Most of the circulating insulin - like growth factor (igf)-i is bound to igf - binding proteins (igfbps), and small amounts of igf - i are present in the free form, which is called free igf - i (1, 2). Since the free form is more freely transferred to the tissues, free igf - i is suggested to have more potent biologica...
Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (vemp) is one of such tests which checks function of otolith organ . Vemp can be elicited by placing the electrodes on different contracted muscles and hence the names cervical vemp and ocular vemp . It is a proposed reliable test of saccular or inferior vestibular nerve function . ...
The analysis of allergic drug reaction pathology may be difficult, especially if multiple histological reaction patterns are detected on review of hematoxylin and eosin (h&e) stained sections . In this case, we emphasize the value of adding immunohistochemistry (ihc) and multicolor direct immunofluorescence (dif) as to...
In the current era of minimal invasive surgery, robotic technologies provide unprecedented control and precision of surgical instruments . With these technologic innovations, new anaesthetic implications for patient care are being discovered . To facilitate robotic pelvic surgeries, the patient must be placed in steep ...
The identity of the berries was established by niscair (national institute of science communication and information resources), pusa gate, new delhi . The voucher specimen (niscair / rhmd / consult/-2007 - 08/914/98, dated 13/11/2007) of the test drug has been retained and deposited for the future reference in the depa...
Chronic inflammatory airway disease with secondary broncholithiasis was diagnosed in two cats from ct and bronchoalveolar lavage cytological findings . In one cat with progressively worsening lower respiratory tract signs, the broncholiths were distributed throughout the right middle, and left and right caudal lung lob...
As the general interest in healthcare has increased, the use of complementary medicine (cm) has also increased.1)2) one article reported that 44.8% of antihypertensive patients confirmed that they were taking cm through questionnaires.2) the authors also reported that the use of cm was significantly associated with red...
A 70-year - old male patient was diagnosed with autoimmune pancreatitis in may 2004 . At that time, the serum igg was mildly increased to 1,780 mg / dl (normal, 694 to 1,618 mg / dl). Until october 2009, he had been receiving steroid treatment, and he had a history of recurrence of autoimmune pancreatitis in november 2...
Pandemic diseases including hiv, malaria, and tb, as well as emerging infectious diseases such as influenza h1n1 have raised serious challenges for global health and homeland security . For instance, hiv has caused more than 25 million deaths since the first reported case of aids in 1981, and currently there are approx...
A multicenter international surveillance network was established (surveillance collaboration on aspergillus resistance in europe [scare - network]), comprising 22 centers from 19 countries (18 european and 4 non - european sites) (figure 1). To detect azole - resistant a. fumigatus, we developed a phenotypic screening ...
Over the past decade, genetic research on human behavior both normative behaviors and clinically relevant dimensions and disorders has reached new levels of intensity . The results of genetically informative studies are now commonplace in mainstream journals in psychology and psychiatry and no longer the province of ju...
Undescended ovaries and tubes are rare congenital disorders . While they develop and descend like testicles, ovaries differ as they descend from the posterior abdominal wall and end in the pelvic cavity . There are fewer abnormalities in the ovaries and tubular descent . In the differential diagnosis of cases with acut...
We report a case of necrotizing keratitis caused by acyclovir (acv)-resistant herpes simplex virus (hsv) with a clinical appearance similar to a previous fungal keratitis infection . Penetrating keratoplasty was performed in the left eye with a history of herpetic keratitis that resolved with periodic treatment with ac...
Airway management is of major importance in emergency ambulance care to provide oxygen delivery to patients with altered oxygenation and/or ventilation . The current national protocol in the netherlands for out - of - hospital emergencies requiring ventilation support endorses first use of bag valve - mask ventilation ...
Epiretinal membranes (erms) are classified as idiopathic when they are not associated with any other ocular disease processes such as retinal detachment, intraocular inflammation, trauma, and retinal vascular diseases . Idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ierms), whose exact pathogenesis still remains unknown, are charact...
Population - based sampling plans were used for the recruitment of participants for all study sites . As of april 2008, 14 sites had completed data collection and are included in this analysis: guangzhou (china), adana (turkey), salzburg (austria), cape town (south africa), reykjavik (iceland), hannover (germany), krak...
Scientific search that either refines the current knowledge or results in new information is regarded as the main component of nursing practice . However, the process of incorporating good - quality research findings into nursing practice is not straightforward . This drawback resulted in initiation of term of evidence...
The wilms tumor 1 (wt1) protein is a zinc finger transcription factor encoded by the human gene wt1 which has a length of ~50 kb and consists of 10 exons . Wt1 shares a high degree of structural homology with the early growth response (egr) transcription factor family and it is involved in the onset of wilms tumor, the...
In the late 70s, liggens and howie from auckland, new zealand, demonstrated that giving antenatal steroids to mothers who are expected to deliver a premature baby, will reduce both the incidence and severity of hyaline membrane disease . The same authors were enrolled in a large randomized study in which mothers underg...
Hirayama disease (hd), also known as monomelic amyotrophy (ma), is a rare motor neuron disorder that involves a single upper extremity.1 in 1959, hirayama et al first described this disease, which reportedly lacks clinical signs compatible with any of the previously recognized degenerative disorders or disorders causin...
Make a glass microscope slide with a black background: cut 20 #white paper to the same size as the microscope slide . Color one side of the slide - size paper black using a permanent marker (e.g., sharpie). Apply white glue (elmer's) to the black side and adhere the paper to the slide . Using " label tape (fisherbrand)...
Fiber - reinforced composite (frc) posts are commonly used to retain core material in endodontically treated teeth with extensive loss of coronal tooth structure.1,2 frc posts composed of glass or quartz fibers are white in color and offer better esthetics in the anterior regions.3 - 6 frc posts offer a number of advan...
Ebv was first discovered by epstein, achong, and barr in 1964 as a herpesvirus in tumor cell lines derived from burkitt's lymphoma . Subsequent studies demonstrated that ebv is a b - lymphotrophic herpesvirus and has the ability to transform cultured human b cells into proliferative lymphoblastoid cell lines . Ebv infe...
Tearing is caused by increased tear production, which results from hyper - stimulation of the main lacrimal gland due to the ocular surface irritation, or by defective tear drainage due to an anatomical or functional defect . In addition to social embarrassment, tearing can affect the quality of a patient's life as it ...
Mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) is widely used in endodontics as a root - end filling material and has been suggested for vital pulp therapies, perforations, apexifications and numerous additional purposes . Several studies have shown that portland cement contains chemical, physical and biological properties similar t...
Central nervous system (cns) may be affected by vasculitides as part of systemic illness or the vasculitic process may afflict the cns in isolation . Patients with the angiitis may present with ischemic and/or hemorrhage stroke, progressive cognitive impairment, parkinsonism, ataxia, ocular movement abnormalities, dysa...
Alzheimer's disease (ad) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease that culminates in severe deficits in cognition and autonomy . By definition, brains afflicted by ad contain two different neuropathological hallmarks neurofibrillary tangles (nfts) and neuritic amyloid plaques (nps) the national institute on aging, and ...
Antibody - mediated rejection (amr) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the renal transplant population . Donor - specific antibodies (dsa) are detected in 8895% of cases of amr in which diffuse peritubular capillaries (ptc) c4d is positive [1, 2]. In the remaining patients, non - human leukocyte antig...
A construct containing the human p114rhogef cdna sequence was kindly provided by t. voyno - yasenetskaya (university of illinois at chicago, chicago, illinois, usa)19 . The cdna was used to generate vsv - tagged constructs that were cloned into pcdna4/to (invitrogen). The point mutation y260-a was introduced with the q...
It has been well - known that microorganisms in the root canal are responsible for pulp and periradicular infections . The aim of the root canal therapy is to eliminate microorganisms from the root canal in order to provide appropriate environment for tissue healing . It has the ability to invade dentinal tubules and d...
Plants protect themselves from disease by activating a broad array of defense responses that ultimately inhibit growth and spread of invading pathogens . The principal immune mechanism against pathogens in plants is mediated by resistance (r) gene (1). However, the essential components of this defense system remain sti...
It is predicted that with increasing globalisation, unexpected cases of particular epidemiology will be encountered in intensive care units (icu) worldwide . It is the responsibility of an intensivist to be up to date on these diseases and their management . Malaria is a parasitic disease characterized by intermittent ...
The removal of impacted third molars is the most common procedure in the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery . The procedure can be simply performed using elevators and/or forceps, but may require surgical intervention . This increases the risk of complications, such as nerve paresthesia, alveolar osteitis, hem...
It is currently believed that obstructive jaundice (oj) can induce functional damage to the liver, spleen, lymphocytes, and gastrointestinal mucosa as well as cardiac hemodynamic dysfunction [14]. However, the mechanisms underlying oj - induced multiple organ damage are still unclear, and there are many controversial h...
Craniopharyngiomas are common suprasellar and/or intrasellar tumors, account for 3% of all intracranial tumors, and are divided into adamantinomatous and papillary types16). Age, calcification, cyst formation or mr signal intensity may be helpful for the differential diagnosis of the two types20). Although a previous s...
Several techniques use headgear as an auxiliary appliance for orthodontic treatment with different objectives [14]. It was revived by oppenheim who described its mechanical principles after being ignored by angle . Armstrong in 1971 published a comprehensive study in headgear which was followed by other researchers [71...