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Malnutrition is present in 1855% of hospitalized patients (sorensen et al ., 2008; imoberdorf et al ., studies show that nutritional support to undernourished patients and those at nutritional risk is advantageous (stratton and elia, 2007). European guidelines state that provision of tailored food should be an integral... |
Eosinophilic enteritis is an uncommon disease of unknown etiology, which can affect any area of the gastrointestinal tract, from the esophagus to the rectum, although the stomach and small bowel are most commonly involved1). It usually presents as colicky abdominal pain, and rarely as an acute intestinal obstruction2, ... |
A total of 850 specimens collected from 306 patients who had encephalitis included 306 csf specimens, 304 blood samples, 120 throat swabs, and 120 rectal swabs . All samples were stored at 20c before being transported for analysis and thereafter were stored at 70c at the national institute of virology in pune, india . ... |
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (osas) is a condition of sleep - disordered breathing, which is characterized by the repetitive complete or partial collapses of the pharyngeal airway during sleep . It has been known to frequently involve middle - aged people and to be found in 2% of women and 4% of men (1). Patients w... |
Relying on previous spatial analysis of bu incidence in akonolinga district, we analyzed a series of cases that occurred in the highest bu - risk area of the district, located along the nyong river upstream of akonolinga (3). We analyzed 562 new cases of bu that originated in this area from january 2002 through may 201... |
The molybdenum cofactor (moco) is essential for the activity of these enzymes and is associated with amidoxime reductase in mitochondria . Moco deficiency (mocd) causes a severe progressive metabolic encephalopathy with neonatal convulsions, spasticity, opisthotonus, brain atrophy, altered facial morphology and severe ... |
Many authors have discussed the importance of measuring cardiac output and then titrating therapy according to these measurements in patients in the operating theatre and intensive care environments . Indeed, in some circumstances these measurements have led to changes in therapy that, in themselves, have been associat... |
Viral hepatitis due to hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major worldwide public health concern leading to acute and chronic liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) (14). It is currently estimated that over 2.5 billion people are exposed and over 350 million people are chronically infected with t... |
Stress is described as any combination of environmental conditions (such as temperature, relative humidity, immobility, and solar radiation) that will cause the temperature of the environment to be higher than the temperature range of the animal s temperature zone / thermal neutral zone . Temperatures above the thermal... |
The major clinical symptoms of migraine include moderate - to - severe pulsatile headaches, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting . Optical and acoustic stimuli, as well as some daily activities, are known to exacerbate migraine headaches, whereas a quiet environment and plenty of rest can relieve the headaches . Va... |
As korea also experiences the graying of society, awareness of prostate cancer has increased, and with the introduction of prostate - specific antigen (psa), prostate cancer can be detected and treated early . The sensitivity of psa to detect prostate cancer has been reported to be high . Recently, as its measurement h... |
Approved study included consecutive patients who underwent ventral hernia repair with components separation with padm reinforcement performed by the author at the university of pittsburgh medical center (pittsburgh, pennsylvania) and butler memorial hospital (butler, pennsylvania). Surgeries were performed between augu... |
It is predicted to affect more than 115 million people globally by 2050.3 it is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder that is usually diagnosed in people over 65 years of age.4 donepezil is a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that has been approved for use for ad . It is believed to inhibit the breakdown of... |
Dendritic cells (dc) are a subpopulation of leukocytes specialized in the capture and process of antigens and its presentation to t lymphocytes . In their immature state, they are located in peripheral tissues acting as sentinels . Tissue residing dc form a close network, optimally positioned to sense invading pathogen... |
The oral anticoagulant therapy (oat), used to prevent thrombosis, is associated with substantial avoidable hospitalization . Identify the associations between chronic care management and the quality of oat as suggested by the chronic care model (ccm) of wagner . Regression analysis with data of 61 thrombosis clinics an... |
A recent genome - wide association study (gwas) found a sequence variant in dab2ip (rs7025486[a]) to be strongly associated with the presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) with a per - allele odds ratio (or) of 1.21 (p= 4.6 10). The authors also found an association with early - onset myocardial infarction (mi) (o... |
Ferromagnetic nanostructures are an important part in basic research but also in nanotechnological applications like magneto - optical devices, high density data storage, and also in biomedicine such structures at the nanoscale are promising candidates for example in drug delivery, imaging or targeting of special cells... |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) broadly includes the whole spectrum of reflux disease, from intermittent symptoms like heartburn or acid regurgitation to endoscopic reflux esophagitis and barrett's esophagus.1 it usually gives a considerable impact on the quality of the patient's life not only by the symptoms, b... |
Adverse drug reaction (adr) is defined as a response to a medicine, which is noxious, unwanted or harmful, and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in human for the prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease, or for the modification of physiological function.1 incidences of adverse reactions to drugs a... |
Bacterial pathogens predominantly respond to environmental changes, such as entry into a host, by adapting their physiology through altered gene expression . The gene products that give a pathogen an enhanced chance of survival within the host are termed virulence factors . Pathogens use a variety of different mechanis... |
In china, maize (zea mays l.) is the most important cereal crop, and the production of this crop is affected by soil salinity . Thus, many salinity - tolerant crops, such as maize and rice, have been developed using transgenic technology . Researchers have found that the microbial communities in the rhizosphere are inf... |
A 28-year - old male patient came to our hospital outpatient department with complaints of short hair (5 - 8 mm in length) coming out from the left upper eyelid since childhood as reported by his parents . On close examination by the dermatologist and the physician, the ectopia cilia was located 7 mm superior - lateral... |
The different forms of acute myeloid leukemias (amls) * are characterized by the arrest of cell differentiation, the induction of cell proliferation, and the repression of normal hematopoiesis . These malignancies are often associated with recurrent chromosomal translocations, most of which encode fusion proteins deriv... |
Transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy (trus - bx) is a standard procedure used for prostate cancer detection . However, it has recently been reported that most of the patients that undergo trus - bx tolerated the associated discomfort, and 20% of these patients experienced severe pain [1 - 3]. Therefore, resear... |
Renal cell carcinoma (rcc) is the seventh and eighth most common cancer in men and women respectively . Although prevalent utilization of cross - sectional imaging allowed early detection of asymptomatic renal tumors, a significant number of patients present with large and metastatic rcc . The prognosis of metastatic r... |
End stage renal disease (esrd) is a serious health problem among children, especially among children aged <2 years . It has particular features in terms of etiology and therapeutic modalities . The management of infants with esrd aims, on the one hand, at increasing patients longevity and, on the other hand, at improvi... |
The ebola haemorrhagic fever (ebola hf) also known as ebola virus disease (evd), is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness caused by filoviridae family.1 ebola viral fever, a highly contagious haemorrhagic disease has today become a major public health concern in the developing countries worldwide . Since 1976, there have... |
Diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus and is characterized by excessive production of betahydroxybutyric and acetoacetic acids leading to low blood ph . An arterial ph of less than 7.3 is required in order to diagnose dka . Rarely, because of other complicating factors, blood ph may ... |
Although the development of efficient antiretroviral treatment options has changed the face of the aids epidemic in industrialized countries, opportunistic infections like toxoplasmic encephalitis or pneumocystis pneumonia still present a considerable challenge [1 - 3]. Especially in patients in a late stage of hiv inf... |
The cardia study is a multicenter, longitudinal investigation of the evolution of ischemic heart disease risk starting in young adulthood (17). The study began in 19851986 with 5,115 black and white adults 1830 years of age from four metropolitan areas (birmingham, al; chicago, il; minneapolis, mn; and oakland, ca). St... |
Qt was received as gifted by torrent pharmaceuticals pvt . Ltd ., polyox n 10, polyox n 80, polyox n 750 and polyox n 205 were gifted by dow chemicals pvt preliminary trials were carried out for selection of appropriate grades of polyox from different grades mentioned above . Concentration of polymer and plasticizers w... |
Duplication of the alimentary tract is an important surgical condition, which includes a wide variety of mass lesions . We encountered a patient who presented with perforation of the duplication, which was associated with malrotation with midgut volvulus . Being an extremely uncommon surgical emergency, it is being pre... |
Historically the problem of visual stability has been simplified to address only a fixed visual world with a fixed head . Until a few decades ago the dominant theory evoked a signal emanating from motor areas of the brain to inform the visual system about eye movements . At the time of an eye movement this signal would... |
Endovascular embolization has become a method of choice for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms in many centers . However, an important disadvantage of aneurysm coiling is the observed significant rate of recanalization that occurs on average in 20% of patients . Therefore, follow - up imaging of coiled aneurysms i... |
Facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy (fosmn) is a slowly progressive disorder characterised by facial sensory deficits which may spread to affect the neck, the upper trunk and the limbs, with the development later in the course of the disease of bulbar symptoms such as dysarthria and dysphagia, muscle weakness, ... |
A 49-year - old man with a history of sick sinus syndrome presented with quadriplegia and ophthalmoplegia . Brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and an angiography examination, which were performed a day after quadriplegia, revealed acute brain infarction in the bilateral midbrain, right median thalamus, and superior... |
Although surgery is recommended for ptc, there is no consensus on the therapy when a thyroidectomy is contraindicated because of systemic disease such as heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common genetic cardiovascular disease with a high risk of sudden death and d... |
Non - gestational choriocarcinomas are rarely seen outside the gonads, with the mediastinum being the main site for these non - gestational extragonadal choriocarcinomas . There is no consensus regarding the use of systemic chemotherapy [1, 2]. Studies undertaken on treatment for the metastatic disease indicate that ch... |
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is the terminology used for a wide spectrum of disorders ranging from simple steatosis to progressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nash), hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis and its diagnosis in clinics is based on ultrasonography (1, 2). Although, the actual prevalence of nafld rem... |
A previously healthy 19-year - old woman from alberta, canada, returned from australia with increasing fatigue, fever, lethargy, and confusion . She had spent 6 months in new zealand as part of an agricultural exchange, in which her activities included hay bundling, heavy machinery operation, and manure management but ... |
Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure (iop) that causes progressive visual field loss . This disease is one of the main causes of blindness worldwide.1 although several risk factors are associated with glaucoma onset and progression, the presence of high levels of iop is... |
A venous ulcer is a break in the continuity of the skin resulting from venous hypertension (figure 1). This is the most common cause of leg ulceration in the united kingdom with a prevalence of 1.53 per 1000, increasing to 20 per 1000 in patients over 80 years old . This presents significant disease burden to the unite... |
The primary goal of periodontal treatment is the maintenance of the natural dentition in health and comfortable function . When periodontal disease has caused a loss of the attachment apparatus, optimal care seeks to regenerate the periodontium to its predisease state . Complete and predictable restoration of the perio... |
Ship ballast (water) is a well - recognized conveyer of nonindigenous species [15]. In an effort to control movements and introductions of nonindigenous species via ballast, the regulation d2 requirement to treat or decontaminate ballast water was developed from international legislation developed by the international ... |
Mature cystic teratoma, the most common type of ovarian teratoma, is also the most common ovarian germ cell - derived neoplasm and it account for 20% of all ovarian tumors 1 . Endometriosis coexisting with mature cystic teratoma in the same ovary is extremely rare, although both benign conditions are said to be common ... |
Denmark s national health service provides free and equal access to health care for the entire population . Health services related events are recorded in national databases, including the danish hospital register and the danish prescription database . Information from both registries can be linked to each other by the... |
Due to environmental changes, the global incidence of tick - borne disease is increasing worldwide, thus tick - borne diseases have been listed alongside diseases with high emergence risk . Several tick - borne pathogens have already emerged in certain geographical regions, such as tick - borne encephalitis virus and c... |
A passive surveillance system of encephalitis in equine and avian species was set up to detect any occurrence of clinical signs of wnv infection . At the same time, a serologic investigation for wnv was conducted in guadeloupe archipelago . A cross - sectional study was performed on the most susceptible animal species ... |
Between 2003 and 2006, 44 patients with ifnfs were diagnosed and treated with mp at an institution . Among the 44 patients, 10 who were followed for <2 years there were 7 men and 27 women with a mean age of 65.5 years (range, 28 to 86.8 years), and all patients were followed for an average of 3.4 years (range, 2.2 to 5... |
Cancer is primarily characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells and their ability to metastasize . In spite of significant advances in the fight against cancer, it remains a challenging medical problem . However, toxicity is a major side effect, which limits the utility and effectiveness of such nontargete... |
G - protein coupled receptors (gpcrs) represent one of the most important classes of drug targets for pharmaceutical industry and play important roles in cellular signal transduction as cell surface receptor proteins 1 ., 2 .. a gpcr only has a single polypeptide that consists of seven transmembrane -helices, three ext... |
Neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid pediatric malignancy, is an embryonal tumor of the sympathetic nervous system . Along with rhabdomyosarcoma, ewing sarcoma and lymphoma, these malignancies collectively represent the small, round blue cell tumors of childhood . In the united states the incidence is esti... |
Research into the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles is motivated by the opportunity to harness advantages not present in their bulk equivalents, such as high surface atom to volume ratios, semiconductor properties, and, in some cases, magnetic properties . However, nanosized ir particles have received limited atte... |
Therapeutic laparoscopy was incorporated into the practice of general surgery more than 25 years ago . Since that time, several modifications to minimally invasive access and surgery have been developed with the purpose of further minimizing surgical trauma and improving results: minilaparoscopy, computer - assisted ro... |
Artificial oxygen carriers aim at improving oxygen transport and oxygen unloading to the tissue . Artificial oxygen carriers may thus be used as an alternative to allogeneic blood transfusions or to improve tissue oxygenation and function of organs with marginal oxygen supply . The present article describes the current... |
The skin is continuously exposed to a wide variety of chemical and physical insults and other environmental factors, and therefore, is prone to neoplastic proliferation . In dogs, approximately 30% of all neoplasms the incidence of cutaneous tumors in dogs is estimated to be 728 cases every year per 100,000 dogs . In t... |
Totally subcutaneous intravascular portals (port - a - cath) are frequently used to administer chemotherapeutic agents . We present a case of port - a - cath fracture with distal embolization causing non - sustained ventricular tachycardia and its percutaneous retrieval . A 68-year old male with diabetes, hypertension ... |
Apocrine carcinoma, also known as apocrine - gland carcinoma and sweat - gland carcinoma comprises of a group of extremely rare, malignant tumor, which shows features of apocrine differentiation . The disease is primarily diagnosed in the fifth to seventh decade of life, with similar incidence in men and women and with... |
The emergency department may offer a window of opportunity for women to discuss their experiences of intimate partner violence (ipv) with nurses and other health care providers . Exposure to ipv impacts women's health leading to acute and long - term physical and mental impairment [14]. Lifetime prevalence of ipv repor... |
It is characterized by tubular crystalline deposits of calcium oxalate leading to acute and chronic tubular injury, interstitial fibrosis, and progressive renal insufficiency . A 54-year - old male was seen in our nephrology clinic for progressive increase in his serum creatinine from 1.38 to 3.66 mg / dl over 9 months... |
A 7 year - old, 113 cm, 17 kg, female patient with tooth decay presented for general anesthesia for tooth conservation day surgery because outpatient treatment was not possible due to her lack of cooperation . Her medical history showed that she had been delivered normally after 39 weeks of gestation, weighing 2.8 kg .... |
In addition, vascular regeneration and repair are essential for the survival of blood vessels . There are still uncharacterized and less characterized cell types in vascular adventitia, which include vascular stem / progenitor cells [110] and adventitial neuronal somata (annies). The vascular adventitia is a complicate... |
As one of the most common intracranial tumors in humans, pituitary adenoma is the third most common primary brain tumor after glioma and meningioma, accounting for about 15~20% of all primary intracranial tumors . The average incidence of pituitary adenoma is about 7.5~10 per 100 000 population, but has rapidly increas... |
It has a scattered population of about 470,000 inhabitants and the main industry is fishery . There are 88 municipalities in the region and almost half (42 municipalities) of them have less than 2,000 inhabitants . The significant distances between the populated areas have been a constant challenge to the health care s... |
Spinal cord injury (sci) has a devastating effect on daily life of the patients . The foremost and frustrating symptoms are the losses of sensory, motor, and/or autonomic functions [15]. Spinal cord injury can be either complete or incomplete, and the symptoms for different sci individuals may vary according to the sev... |
Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (pttm) also known as carcinomatosis endarteritis is a highly fatal respiratory complication seen in cases of malignancies especially adenocarcinomas of the stomach . There are only around 80 cases reported in literature so far including less than 10 cases where the primary mal... |
Teratoid wilms tumor, a rare variant of nephroblastoma, has a predominance of heterologous elements . To date less than 30 cases of teratoid wilms tumor have been reported in the literature. [13] there is only one case in the literature, which has the squamous epithelial component comprising 70% of the tumor . We descr... |
If this balance is disrupted, demineralization will progress, leading to a deterioration of the tooth structure . Calcium and phosphate are lost from the subsurface enamel, resulting in the formation of a subsurface lesion . At this early stage, the caries lesion is reversible via a remineralization process involving t... |
Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (dm) are among the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (cvd). Endothelial dysfunction, associated with dm and hypertension, is considered an early marker of vascular complications and a pathophysiological determinant of atherogenic processes . Pharma... |
We analyzed the amino acid sequence of the receptor binding site of ha from the isolate a / jiangxi - donghu/346 - 1/2013 (h10-jd346; global initiative on sharing avian influenza data [gisaid, http://www.gisaid.org] accession no . Epi530526) from the first patient infected by influenza a(h10n8) virus . In addition, sev... |
Balanitis xerotica obliterans (bxo) is a common penile disease, first described in 1928 by stuhmer . It has been classified as a male variant of lichen sclerosis by the international society for the study of vulvovaginal disease and is a chronic inflammatory process . Whilst the exact aetiology is still poorly understo... |
Human infection by the lung fluke paragonimus westermani is endemic in parts of africa, asia, and south america . Transmission of the parasite to humans primarily occurs through the consumption of raw or undercooked crabs and cray fish . Patients present with a variety of clinical and radiological findings, frequently ... |
Pancreatic resection is a surgical procedure associated with significant morbidity and mortality even at specialised high - volume centres [13]. Although in recent years refinements in surgical technique and perioperative management have led to a reduction in perioperative mortality, the incidence of postoperative comp... |
Small - gauge pars plana vitrectomy (ppv) systems have gained wide acceptance in vitreoretinal surgery due to their potential for reduced inflammation and rapid visual recovery.1 recently, valved cannulas have been added to the vitreoretinal surgery armamentarium . They alleviate the need for cannula plugs during instr... |
Although few would deny that consciousness and attention are intimately intertwined, their precise relationship remains unclear . Generally speaking, the first view holds that attention is neither necessary nor sufficient for consciousness (lamme, 2003; koivisto et al ., 2005). According to this perspective, even thoug... |
It is widely accepted among pediatric health care providers that the risks of developing coronary artery disease (cad) start in early life . Hypertension (ht) is a major modifiable risk factor in the development of cad . Identification of ht at an early age may allow early intervention to prevent future end organ damag... |
It is a discipline which explores whether human behaviors are good or bad, right or wrong, and sees itself as the science of moral act . In organizations, including educational institutions, ethics can be defined as a set of formal and informal standards for directing people how to guide their behavior . Generally, the... |
From a functional perspective, the swallowing process is composed of 3 phases, namely the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases . In general, dysphagia caused by neurological disorders the pharyngeal phase is defined as the process from pharyngeal swallowing to complete passage of food boluses through the upper esoph... |
Increased rate of depression among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) in comparison with the general population has been described previously (1, 2). It has also been shown that depression can be associated with reduced health - related quality of life (3) and weakness (4) in patients with ra, which leads to po... |
Patients with advanced fecd (modified krachmer grade 5 or 6) requiring corneal transplantation and control participants without guttae (grade 0) were enrolled in a mayo clinic institutional review board - approved hereditary eye disease study . Fecd grade was established by slit lamp biomicroscopy using specular reflec... |
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cyslts), specifically lts c4, d4, and e4, are generated predominantly by cells of the innate immune system following exposure to allergens, proinflammatory cytokines, and other types of receptor - dependent stimuli . The resultant mobilization of ca from intracellular and extracellular reservoir... |
Solitary fibrous tumor (sft) is a rare tumor which was first described as originating from the pleura and occurring most commonly in the thoracic cavity3,9,12). However, it is now recognized that these rare tumors can occur throughout the body7,14). There have been only 8 case reports of extradural spinal sft, also onl... |
Alzheimer's disease (ad) is the most common form of dementia involving slowly developing, ultimately fatal neurodegeneration with massive brain atrophy especially in the medial temporal lobe, including the hippocampus (hardy, 2006; haass and selkoe, 2007; wang et al ., 2007). Ad is pathologically characterized by the p... |
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) is a common condition affecting men older than 50 years of age . The historical gold standard has been transurethral resection of prostate (turp), which is an effective procedure but is still associated with risk of bleeding . Factors that influence perioperative and postoperative blo... |
The population we tested included patients treated by physicians within the university of pennsylvania health system, which encompasses several philadelphia - area hospitals . Most isolates were from outpatients seen at the hospital of the university of pennsylvania or the presbyterian medical center; both serve the un... |
Sensory integration refers to the neurological process by which the brain organizes sensory information from the body to produce an adaptive movement or behavior.1,2 in the united states, the prevalence of children who typically develop sensory integration dysfunction is 5%13%;3 the estimated prevalence for children ha... |
Direct pulp therapy is a technique used for the treatment of mechanical or traumatic pulp exposures, without any clinical symptoms of inflammation . Removal of irritation, control of infection and biocompatibility of capping material are important factors in treatment outcome.1 also, controlling contamination of the pu... |
Bone is a complex tissue that has the ability to heal and regenerate itself, and is continuously in the cycle of remodeling from before birth until death . The process of bone modeling and remodeling typically occurs to help the bone adapt to mechanical forces or to replace microdamaged bone with new, stronger bone . O... |
From the point of view of headache science, the relation between headache and typical women s diseases like endometriosis is interesting because many features of headache, and migraine in particular, suggest a relation to female hormones . From a clinical perspective, it is important to know whether disorders are comor... |
Neonatal diabetes mellitus (ndm) occurs within the first six months of life . Depending on clinical outcomes, it is classified into transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (tndm) and permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (pndm). Tndm, which accounts for 50% to 60% of ndm, goes into remission after treatment for an average ... |
Neuralgic amyotrophy (na)-also known as parsonage - turner syndrome or brachial plexus neuritis - is an under - recognized but distinct clinical syndrome, with a characteristic clinical presentation of an acute, severe neurogenic pain in the shoulder or arm lasting for several days or weeks, followed by muscle weakness... |
Phenols are aromatic compounds that are characteristic pollutants in wastewater and effluents from chemicals, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and steel industries . The unwholesome and environmentally unacceptable pollution effects of the phenolic effluent have been reported worldwide . Phenol contaminants a... |
According to traditional persian medicine (tpm) resources, the human digestive system includes four steps . In the first step, gastric digestion, the ingested food pours into the stomach and changes into the leachate called chylous due to the heat produced in the stomach . In the second step, hepatic digestion, the chy... |
Unintentional injuries among children are the commonest cause of death and hospital admission worldwide, and can result in lifelong disability . They are a growing global public health problem and responsible for about 950 000 deaths in children under the age of 18 years each year . Injuries can be prevented or control... |
Microscopic discectomy is a standard surgical procedure for lumbar disc herniation and has been approved as a safe method to alleviate radiating pain and other neurological symptoms . However, postoperative facet joint syndrome following microscopic discectomy is a relatively common problem requiring intervention1). Th... |
Motivational impairments are a cardinal feature of schizophrenia, are present in the earliest phases of the illness and are a significant predictor of impaired real - world functioning (foussias and remington, 2010; schlosser et al ., 2014). Current clinical and neuroimaging data indicate that these motivational impair... |
Obesity is nearly twice as prevalent among people with serious mental illness, including schizophrenia spectrum and mood disorders, compared to the general population . The combination of poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, metabolic effects of psychiatric medications, poverty, and elevated obesity rates have devastating c... |
It has been approved by the us food and drug administration for the treatment of narcolepsy associated excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep disorder related to shift work, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome . However, at present it is being used as a lifestyle drug, especially amongst sports personnel, hardworking bus... |
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