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Cancer vaccine targeting hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) tumor antigens have been tested in clinical trials . However, cancer vaccines using tumor - antigen - derived peptides have not demonstrated adequate antitumor efficacy in clinical trials for advanced hcc . Glypican-3 (gpc3), a carcinoembryonic antigen, is an idea... |
Research into the use of cell therapy for cardiac regeneration has undergone explosive growth over the prior two decades in both pre - clinical models of infarct healing and in numerous clinical trials . While early studies sought to replace damaged myocardium with implantation of autologous satellite cells (for a fasc... |
Olefin metathesis is a highly versatile tool for the generation of carbon carbon bonds, and a variety of applications have evolved around its implementation . The broad utility of olefin metathesis is a consequence of the exceptional selectivity, activity, and functional - group compatibility of select metathesis catal... |
Ischemia - induced pathologic growth of new blood vessels and expansion of extracellular matrix (ecm) in association with the outgrowth of fibrovascular epiretinal membranes at the vitreoretinal interface is the pathological hallmark in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (pdr) and often leads to catastrophic loss of vi... |
Denture stability is believed widely to be related to resistance against other forces like oblique and anterior - posterior forces . The patient s satisfaction is directly influenced by the amount of denture retention as it has been shown through several studies [24]. The need for correcting the patient s problems with... |
Snapping hip, also known as coxa saltans, is characterized by an audible snapping sound or sensation felt when the hip is in motion, and may be associated with pain1). Of different types, external snapping hip is accompanied by popping noise when the posterior border of the iliotibial band slides over the greater troch... |
Colchicine is a widely used drug for treatment of familial mediterranean fever (fmf). Clinical manifestations of colchicine intoxication include abdominal cramps, diarrhea, myotoxicity, hemolytic anemia and (pan)cytopenia . A 9-years - old female patient, receiving colchicine for four months with a dose of 1 mg / day f... |
The study was a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial (iranian clinical registration number 138811182370n6), and conducted at two tertiary - care urban medical center . Patients with end - stage renal disease from december 2009 to march 2010 were included in the study . Inclusion criteria included age more... |
Mechanical aids fail to adequately remove plaque biofilm, for which chemical plaque control is often recommended as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control to help maintain gingival health . A number of chemical agents like phenolic compounds, bis - biguanides, pyrimidines, quaternary ammonium compounds, oxygenating ag... |
The contributing causes of dn pathogenesis and progression are still poorly understood but chronic hyperglycemia and high blood pressure represent the main risk factors for disease onset ., high systemic blood pressure usually determines an increase of the intraglomerular pressure and glomerular filtration rate (gfr) w... |
In terms of phylogeny, aggression is among the oldest of evolved behavior patterns (blanchard and blanchard, in press). Exemplars of aggression have been reported in animals without a central nervous system; in a host of invertebrates; and in each of the seven classes of vertebrates, including the most primitive; agnat... |
Proteomic studies typically use tandem mass spectrometry (ms / ms) employing collision - induced dissociation (cid) for identification (and quantification) of large numbers of peptides and proteins [1, 2]. However, complete assignment of the product ions remains impossible because of limitations in our understanding of... |
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (ncls) are a group of progressive neurogenetic disorders . In 1998, categorized the ncls into five major groups based primarily on age, clinical presentation, histological findings, and genetic loci; infantile ncl (incl), late infantile / early childhood ncl (lincl), juvenile ncl (jncl), ... |
Phenolic compounds are the most commonly studied of all secondary metabolites because of their significant concentration and their significant roles in plant tissues [1, 2]. This highly diverse group of secondary metabolites widely is distributed in vegetable foods (legumes, cereals, and fruits) and beverages (tea, cid... |
With the aggravation of environmental pollution, lung cancer is almost the most malignant tumor in the world with its high morbidity and mortality.1 the most common histologic subtype is non - small cell lung cancer (nsclc), which accounts for 80% of all lung cancers.2 although much progress has been made in the treatm... |
To investigate the anti - ulcerogenic properties of the chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root in rats . Other anti - ulcer related activities of the extract such as the effects on free radicals and antimicrobial activity were also evaluated . Chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root was found to be... |
Lead is a soft, pliable, bluish - grey metal resistant to corrosion, that exists in both organic and inorganic forms . This metal does not conduct electricity and it owns antiradiation properties . Lead poisoning in children is an important health problem, accounting for 0.6% of the global burden of the disease accordi... |
Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (ahus) is an orphan disease, with an incidence of 25 cases per million [1, 2]. Ahus is characterized by haemolytic microangiopathic anaemia, thrombocytopaenia and acute renal failure (arf), with signs or symptoms of thrombotic microangiopathy (tma) in other organs . It is due to unc... |
Severe accidental hypothermia is a condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality . In the years 20092012 the polish national statistics department reported 1836 deaths due to excessive exposure to natural cold . The severe accidental hypothermia center (clhg centrum leczenia hipotermii glebokiej) was se... |
Involutional entropion is a common condition in asian countries, including japan.1 one cause of involutional entropion is weakening of the capsulopalpebral fascia (cpf).2 the aged, thin, membranous nature of the cpf limits the results of correction by the original jones procedures alone, so we added the modified hotz p... |
Pulmonary embolus (pe) refers to obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by material (e.g., thrombus, tumor, air, or fat) that originated elsewhere in the body . Despite the high - incidence of pulmonary embolism, its diagnosis continues to be difficult primarily because of the nonspecific nature of ... |
The symptoms of malaria include fever and anemia, and most of the deaths are caused by the parasite plasmodium falciparum . The merozoite form of the parasite invades red cells, grows to form ring-, trophozoite- and schizont stages, and after rupture of the infected red cell new merozoites are released that are ready t... |
Ocular cysticercosis is caused by the growth of the larval form of taenia solium within ocular tissues.1,2 the cysts may be located in descending order of frequency in the subretinal space (35%), vitreous (22%), conjunctiva (22%), anterior segment (5%) and orbit (1%).3 intraocular cysticercosis usually presents with re... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13555 - 015 - 0088-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Dermoscopy is a valuable noninvasive technique that increases diagnostic accuracy in melanoma and non - melanoma skin cancer [1, 2]. Recently, its use as an aid in the monitor... |
The lens samples were removed from the manufacturer packaging, placed front (convex) surface down on a clean glass slide, cross - sectioned with a razor blade and mounted onto a lens holder for sem imaging with a hitachi model s-3400n sem at an iso 17025 accredited laboratory . The images were recorded at an accelerati... |
Patient informed consent was not required for this retrospective analysis, though radiological examination - related informed consents were obtained from all patients before pet / ct and ct were performed . The inclusion criteria for this study were as follows: 1) pathologically confirmed malignant tumor in the periorb... |
Extra - hepatic hepatoid carcinomas are a rare group of aggressive tumors with clinical and pathologic features that closely resemble hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). They may arise in many areas outside of the liver including lungs, bladder, kidneys, uterus and ovaries, but most commonly in the stomach (young et al . H... |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (lch) is a rare neoplastic disease of antigen - presenting cells, with an incidence rate of 4.05.4/1 million individuals . The most frequent sites of occurrence are skin, bone, central nervous system (cns). Computed tomography (ct), magnetic resonance imaging (mri), ultrasonic scan (uss) a... |
Major depressive disorder (mdd) is the most common mood disorder with a significant effect on the progression of medical conditions.1 factors accompanying depression, such as patients' failure to look after their health, inability to adapt to their environment, social dissociation, chronic stresses of life, cigarette s... |
Osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fractures associated with chronic pain, disability, and mortality 1 . Osteoporosis is caused by a disturbance of the number or activity of osteoclasts, resulting in inappropriately high bone re... |
Respiratory distress continues to account for significant mortality and morbidity in the neonatal intensive care unit . At birth, respiratory distress syndrome (rds) in premature infants is caused by a structural immaturity of lungs and the insufficient production of surfactant and its incidence is inversely related to... |
Thyroid cancer is the 10th commonest cause of cancer in russian women, and the age - specific incidence of thyroid cancer has been on the rise . While most thyroid cancers have a good prognosis, those that show tracheal invasion often show poor survival because of extensive resection or tumor recurrence . Surgical inte... |
The history of cross - cultural exchanges between the people of india and their colonial rulers provides a fascinating insight into how these encounters shaped medicine and medical education in india . Given the backdrop of colonialism and hegemony, the confluence of the east and the west was turbulent . In the 16 cent... |
In the recent past, even many historians of medicine and science have endorsed the widespread belief that the exodus of central european scientists and physicians during the nazi period could readily be described in terms of a linear equation of the subtractions and additions of intellect . This common interpretation h... |
The participants were examined between january and march 2012, and all of them gave informed consent for participation . The study comprised patients and control participants between 25 and 65 years of age who were divided into: group one (2535 years), group two (3645 year), group three (4655 years), and group four (56... |
Acne vulgaris is a very common chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous glands, which may occur with comedones, papules, pustule forms, cysts, nodules, and scarring in different area of the body, especially face . Without proper treatment, it can cause scarring and hyperpigmentation . The prevalence of acne is... |
Hermansky and pudlak reported in 1959 two cases of unrelated albinos with lifelong bleeding tendency and peculiar pigmented reticular cells in the bone marrow as well as in lymph nodes and liver biopsies . One albino was female and the other was male, both were 33 years old . After her death, autopsy revealed horseshoe... |
A 60-year - old gentleman presented to our institution with pain and dimness of vision in both eyes . On evaluation, his best corrected visual acuity (bcva) was 20/80 in right eye (re) and 20/120 in left eye (le). His cup - to - disc ratio was 0.6 re and 0.85 le with loss of the neural rim . He was prescribed betoxolol... |
Patients and clinicians can use it to plan for end of life decisions, such as setting treatment priorities . All of these uses presuppose that an accurate measure of prognosis exists . In this paper, we describe and report on the accuracy of the multimorbidity (mm) index . Alemi and colleagues16 developed the mm index ... |
The choroid is a vessel - rich structure located between the lamina fusca of the sclera and the retinal pigment epithelium . Choroidal thickness (ct) is thought to indicate the amount of choroidal vascularization and varies by age, sex, axial length (axl), refractive status, and circadian rhythm.1,2 the choroid is repo... |
While augmentation cystoplasty has seen its indications decrease with the advent of onabotulinum toxin a and neuromodulation, there remains a role for this procedure in the 21st century (1). Analysis from the nationwide inpatient sample (nis) reveals that augmentation cystoplasty appears to be widely used in the surgic... |
The prevalence of nephrolithiasis is 5% to 20%and varies with age, sex, race, and area of residence . Nephrolithiasis is usually asymptomatic but the attacks can be painful and morbid, requiring an emergency medical visit and surgery . The focus on nephrolithiasis has shifted from these direct hazards to its effects, s... |
Chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a significant public health threat . Approximately 3 - 4 billion people worldwide have been infected with hbv . The natural course of chronic hbv infection is variable, ranging from an inactive hbsag carrier state to a progressive chronic hepatitis which may eventually lead ... |
Hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and surgical resection improves the survival rates for patients . However, the prognosis after surgical resection of hcc remains poor because of high recurrence rates . Using biomarkers to identify patients presenting with a higher risk of poor prog... |
Subjective tinnitus, a phantom sound, is often described as a ringing, hissing, or buzzing sensation . In the united states, an estimated 50 million adults have experienced tinnitus occasionally and 16 million experience it chronically . Patients with chronic tinnitus often suffer from sleep disturbance, depression, an... |
He had suffered from intermittent headache for 2 months and had taken benzodiazepines and analgesics under the diagnosis of somatoform disorder at a local clinic . He had a 5-day history of diplopia and a 3-day history of blurred vision that progressed to blindness during the preceding 24 hours . On admission his blood... |
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is the most common chronic liver disease in europe and the us with a prevalence of up to 30% . It is associated with obesity and diabetes and is thus considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome . Nafld ranges from simple hepatic steatosis, characterized ... |
Drug - induced gingival overgrowth (digo) remains a significant problem for the dental clinicians . Amlodipine is a third - generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (ccb) that is used in the management of both hypertension and angina . Ellis et al ., first reported gingival sequestration of amlodipine and am... |
Ludwig's angina is a known, yet a rare surgical emergency that is potentially life threatening unless early recognised and aggressively treated . We highlight these controversies with a brief review of the literature and a retrospective review of recent experiences with ludwig's angina . A 56-year - old male presented ... |
62 newly diagnosed cases of moderate to severe primary glaucoma were recruited from the out - patient department and glaucoma clinics of a tertiary care center in new delhi, india . Patients with characteristic changes in the optic nerve head and corresponding glaucomatous visual field defects on standard automated per... |
Cyclosporine a has improved allograft survival and the quality of life for solid - organ transplant recipients . Its effectiveness in transplantation by suppression of the immune system has led to its use in treating autoimmune diseases . Csa inhibits the immune system by binding to cyclophilin, this complex then inhib... |
To identify the most probable asian parental groups of the malagasy, we adopted a two - stage approach: first, we identified the most likely proxy populations using a data set with wide geographical coverage but relatively low density of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp), then followed by a higher density snp data s... |
In the urban areas of developing countries such as turkey, biomass (eg, wood, animal dung, crop residues) is used as a source of energy.1,2 exposure to biomass smoke is the leading cause of copd, especially in developing countries.3 a half of copd deaths are due to biomass exposure, and 75% of these deaths occur in fem... |
Hepatitis b virus infection (hbv) is an inflammatory disease of liver due to double stranded virus of the hepadnaviridae family . Hepatitis b infection possesses a major health concern and is the most common blood borne viral infection, placing health care workers and medical and dental professionals at higher occupati... |
A prospective molecular epidemiologic study of s. aureus was performed in a 12-bed icu at the university hospital in montpellier, france, during 5 months in 2011 . S. aureus nasal carriage was investigated at admission and weekly in 89 patients and monthly in 63 volunteer health care workers (hcws). Simultaneously, all... |
A common reason for bringing an infant or child for medical visit is recurrent infections . This may refer to infections that are too great in number, too severe, or too long lasting; that are associated with unusual complications; or that fail to resolve with standard therapy . Only 10% of such cases are due to defici... |
Gastric carcinoma is the fourth most common gastrointestinal cancer and has the second highest mortality rate among all gastrointestinal cancers . Three critical measures improving patient prognosis are early diagnosis, radical surgery, and endoscopic surgery . Although radical resection has been widely promoted, the p... |
Copy number variation (cnv) is a structural genomic variation of the human genome that may either be inherited or caused by de novo mutation . Cnvs can range in size from kilobases (kbs) to several megabases (mbs) that have not been identified by conventional chromosomal analysis . However, recent technology of genome ... |
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration, compromising bone strength and increasing risk of fractures . Magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is an ionizing radiation - free imaging modality, the application of which could be beneficial in... |
A 62-year - old man developed sudden dysarthria and weakness of the right upper extremity . On admission, he was alert with intact orientation . The neurological examination revealed an impaired ability to perform rapidly alternating movements in the right upper extremity, but there was no other motor, sensory, or ocul... |
The aids epidemic which has hit southern africa with such devastating force affects a variety of reproductive issues among infected people . These include whether or not to become pregnant, when and which type of contraception to use, and decisions on whether to continue or try to terminate a pregnancy . Findings from ... |
According to a single - blind, within - subject comparison, 15 healthy, normal - weight men (mean age se, 28.5 1.0 years; bmi, 23.1 0.5 kg / m) participated in two hyperinsulinemic - euglycemic clamp experiments (human insulin, detemir) spaced apart at least 1 week . All subjects gave written informed consent to the ex... |
To increase blood safety, we introduced minipool nat screening in our blood donor service in 1997 for hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), and hiv-1 and in 2000 for hepatitis a virus (hav) and parvovirus b19 (4). For these purposes, 100-l aliquots of up to 96 blood samples were pooled . The complete pool o... |
Small cell lung cancer (sclc) accounts for 1320% of all lung cancer diagnoses and is commonly classified into two stages, limited and extensive, according to the veteran's administration lung cancer study group (valg) classification system . This system is used because most sclc patients present at a stage for which su... |
The major cause for the failure of primary endodontic therapy is the persistence of intra- and extra - radicular microbial infections . In every failed case, whenever possible, nonsurgical endodontic retreatment should be preferred in comparison with other radical interventions such as apical surgery or extraction beca... |
Trypanosoma cruzi is an obligate intracellular parasite that is responsible for chagas disease, which affects 1618 million people in latin america . This parasite has a complex biphasic life cycle in which four developmental forms alternate between the reduviid beetle vector (epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigote... |
There is an increasing recognition of comorbidity between intellectual disability (i d) and mental health problems, emotional disorders, and deficits in socialization skills.13 literature reveals that the aging process commences younger in people with i d at approximately 4050 years of age.4 as the previously mentioned... |
Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment for the vast majority of patients with immune - mediated uveitis . However, those patients with active inflammation who are intolerant of or unresponsive to steroids require therapy with other immunosuppressive agents trying to prevent the potential sequelae associated w... |
The small sizes of the nanoparticles and large surface to volume ratio put the nanoparticles in a position for tremendous and wide applications essentially in biomedicine . Though the small sizes of engineered nanoparticles have been linked with highly desirable properties (mechanical, electrical, and chemical) for spe... |
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (pcos) is a heterogeneous group of conditions that include anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries . The nih - national institute of child health and human development conference of pcos originally recommended that the major criteria for pcos should include hyperandrogenism and... |
Most common cause of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage (lgib) in elderly patient is diverticular disease and mortality rate is very low 24% . A massive lgib from primary ilio - rectal fistula is rare and difficult to diagnosis but more common from secondary after previous vascular surgery a variety of treatment options... |
Diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases are interrelated, with diet being one factor that links them all together . Specifically, the current obesity epidemic has been suggested to be a result of increased carbohydrate intake, while dietary fat has frequently been touted as the primary dietary culprit in the cau... |
There is evidence based on the remineralization potential of agents such as fluoride, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp - acp), casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate with fluoride (cpp - acpf). It has been observed that cpp - acp remineralized initial enamel lesions and has shown increa... |
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pnets) represent a relatively uncommon form of malignancy with an incidence of 0.43 cases per 100,000 in the usa . At diagnosis, nearly 70% of patients have metastatic disease, of which 85% will have liver metastases . Management options for pnets metastatic to the liver include surgic... |
Comparar las mediciones de la presin intraocular (pio) obtenidas con el tonmetro de rebote (rt), el tonmetro de contorno dinmico (dct) y el tonmetro de aplanamiento de goldmann (gat) en crneas con queratocono, e investigar los efectos del espesor central de la crnea (cct) y los radios de curvatura de la crnea (cr) en l... |
The other types of internal hernia that have been described include transmesenteric, supra- and/or perivesical, intersigmoid, foramen of winslow, and rarely, omental hernias . Paraduodenal hernia is usually a congenital anomaly due to non - fusion of the mesocolon with the parietal wall that leaves a potential space . ... |
Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids can be divided into alpha - linolenic acid (ala; c18:3n-3) from plant origin, and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa; c20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha; c22:6n-3) from seafood . Because the human body lacks the enzymatic capacity to synthesize ala the estimated average ala intake in the united s... |
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the western world and shows the worst mortality among common malignancies with a 5-year survival rate of lower than 5% . The current standard of care includes surgical resection when appropriate and gemcitabine - based chemotherapy . Recent data suggests ... |
Medication errors are known to be a significant source of risk and harm to pediatric patients [14], particularly in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (picus) [58]. A study looking at prescribing errors intercepted by pharmacists in a maternity and children's hospital found the risk of prescribing errors to be... |
Renal transplantation is the unique curative option for patients suffering from end - stage renal disease, but to date the evolution of each patient after transplantation cannot be predicted . In the past decades, acute graft rejection has decreased dramatically as a result of the introduction of immunosuppressive drug... |
Epithelial cells can contribute to chronic inflammatory disorders, synthesizing and secreting a variety of proinflammatory cytokines, such as il-8, which regulates the neutrophil accumulation in the airways of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) subjects [1, 2]. In response to proinflammatory stimuli in additi... |
An estimated 630,000 people worldwide were diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnscc) in 2008, representing 6% of all malignancies and making it the 6th most common cancer [1, 2]. In the united states, approximately 48,000 cases occurred in 2009, with 11,300 deaths . However, two - thirds of patients ... |
With the rapid economic development, elevated standard of living, dietary shifts, lifestyle alterations, and aging, diabetes mellitus (dm) has become an important public health problem worldwide [13], which is estimated to be the third most challenging disease threatening public health after malignant tumors and cardio... |
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (fsgs) is a clinicopathologic entity responsible for up to 20% of all cases of end - stage kidney disease in the united states . The incidence of fsgs is estimated at 7 per million individuals annually, has a slight male predominance (male: female ratio 1.52), and now represents the l... |
Key goals of health systems are to improve the health of the population and to do so in an equitable way . Although the health of the population to a large extent is influenced by broader improvements in living conditions, well - functioning health care systems also contribute to the health of populations . However, th... |
Breast cancer, first described as early as 3000 b.c . By edwin smith papyrus of egypt, comprises 23% of all female malignancies (excluding non melanomatous skin cancer) [1, 2]. In 2008, the number of deaths from breast cancer totaled 460,000 patients; it is a global concern accounting for 14% of all cancer deaths in fe... |
Coronary artery fistulae are direct connections from one or more coronary arteries to cardiac chambers or a large vessel . Congenital anomalies are more common than acquired,1)2) being found in up to 0.2% of routine angiocardiography.3) most reported cases are about coronary artery fistulae to right cardiac structure,4... |
The detection and quantification of tumour - specific rearrangements are important issues in cancer research and in clinical diagnosis of tumours . In particular, its significance became obvious for haematological malignancies that exhibit characteristic translocations in specific tumour subgroups . Although gene rearr... |
Hurling is a stick and ball invasion field sport native to ireland (reilly and collins, 2008). The movement profile of players is stochastic in nature, where the timing of high speed running follows the ebb and flow of competitive play (reilly and collins, 2008). Despite its spectator popularity very few research inves... |
Medical experts consider skin - lightening and skin - bleaching practices as one of the most common forms of harmful body modification practices (charles 2003, p. 711). Melanie de souza argues that the desire for even - toned, blemish - free skin spans human populations . Skin - lightening is just one of the multiple o... |
Interleukin 10 (il-10) is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine made by regulatory t cells (tregs) and other cell types [13]. Il-10 inhibits antigen - specific immune responses in part via suppression of activated macrophage and monocyte functions, which include cytokine synthesis and expression of class ii mhc and costi... |
Long term use of chronic oral anticoagulants can be complicated by anticoagulation associated intracranial hemorrhage (aaich), the most devastating complication of anticoagulant therapy . Among patients who received anticoagulant for management of thromboembolic problems, intracranial hemorrhages led to approximately 9... |
World health organization's (who) international standards of 1958 and 1963 referred to fluoride for drinking water, claiming that consumption of water with fluoride concentrations above 1.01.5 mg / l can result in pathological changes in teeth causing dental fluorosis (df), which is characterized by light yellow to bro... |
Solid organ transplantation provides an effective therapy for patients with kidney, liver, heart, and pulmonary failure . Long - term graft survival is limited by adaptive alloimmune responses directed against transplant (typically allogeneic major histocompatibility complex [mhc]) antigens, that are expressed within t... |
In ovo electroporation and in situ hybridization was performed as in previous studies (6), and at least three embryos were analyzed for each condition . Rna probes were transcribed in vitro from cdna clones provided by bbsrc (bmp7: chest290n8; bapx1: chest177b22; pitx2: chest76c15), except for the neurog3 cdna provided... |
The combination of erosion, attrition and abrasion is called tooth wear . Erosion is the loss of hard tissues due to chemical effects, but not bacteria . Attrition is the wear of tooth against tooth and abrasion is the wear of teeth from other surfaces . Recently, the role of abfraction has raised interest into abrasio... |
One of the most frequently used measures of health status is the question how would you rate your health?, a single question asking people to evaluate their overall health on a scale from excellent to poor . This single item measure has been demonstrated to be a robust predictor of health outcomes, including mortality,... |
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