text stringlengths 16 172k | source stringlengths 32 122 |
|---|---|
TheCenter for Internet Security(CIS) is a US501(c)(3)nonprofit organization,[2]formed in October 2000.[1]Its mission statement professes that the function of CIS is to " help people, businesses, and governments protect themselves against pervasivecyber threats."
The organization is headquartered inEast Greenbush, New ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Internet_Security |
Inmathematics, areal numberis anumberthat can be used tomeasureacontinuousone-dimensionalquantitysuch as adurationortemperature. Here,continuousmeans that pairs of values can have arbitrarily small differences.[a]Every real number can be almost uniquely represented by an infinitedecimal expansion.[b][1]
The real numbe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_number |
In statistics,Grubbs's testor theGrubbs test(named afterFrank E. Grubbs, who published the test in 1950[1]), also known as themaximum normalizedresidualtestorextreme studentized deviate test, is atestused to detectoutliersin aunivariatedata setassumed to come from anormally distributedpopulation.
Grubbs's test is base... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grubbs%27s_test |
Asoftware design description(a.k.a.software design documentorSDD; justdesign document; alsoSoftware Design Specification) is a representation of a software design that is to be used for recording design information, addressing various design concerns, and communicating that information to the design’s stakeholders.[1]A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_document |
Perspectivism(also calledperspectivalism) is theepistemological principlethatperceptionof andknowledgeof something are always bound to the interpretiveperspectivesof those observing it. While perspectivismdoes notregard all perspectives and interpretations as being of equaltruthorvalue, it holds that no one has access ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspectivism |
TheInternational Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling(ICAPS) is a leading internationalacademic conferenceinautomated planning and schedulingheld annually for researchers and practitioners in planning and scheduling.[2][3][4]ICAPS is supported by theNational Science Foundation, the journalArtificial Intellig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Conference_on_Automated_Planning_and_Scheduling |
Least slack time(LST)schedulingis analgorithmfordynamic priority scheduling. It assigns priorities to processes based on theirslack time. Slack time is the amount of time left after a job if the job was started now. This algorithm is also known asleast laxity first. Its most common use is inembedded systems, especially... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_slack_time_scheduling |
A global energy crisis began in the aftermath of theCOVID-19 pandemicin 2021, with much of the globe facing shortages and increased prices in oil, gas andelectricitymarkets. The crisis was caused by a variety of economic factors, including the rapid post-pandemic economic rebound that outpaced energy supply, and escala... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_energy_crisis_(2021%E2%80%932023) |
Inintelligent networks(IN) and cellular networks,service layeris a conceptual layer within a network service provider architecture. It aims at providingmiddlewarethat serves third-partyvalue-added servicesand applications at a higherapplication layer. The service layer providescapability serversowned by a telecommunica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_layer |
Infinance, agrowth stockis astockof a company that generates substantial and sustainable positivecash flowand whoserevenuesandearningsare expected to increase at a faster rate than the average company within the same industry.[1]A growth company typically has some sort ofcompetitive advantage(a new product, a breakthro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_stock |
Theinode pointer structureis a structure adopted by theinodeof a file in theVersion 6 Unixfile system,Version 7 Unixfile system, andUnix File System(UFS) to list the addresses of a file'sdata blocks. It is also adopted by many related file systems, including theext3file system, popular with Linux users.
In the file sy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inode_pointer_structure |
Indiscrete mathematics, particularly ingraph theory, agraphis a structure consisting of asetof objects where some pairs of the objects are in some sense "related". The objects are represented by abstractions calledvertices(also callednodesorpoints) and each of the related pairs of vertices is called anedge(also calledl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undirected_graph |
Stone Soupis a Europeanfolk storyin which hungry strangers convince the people of a town to each share a small amount of their food in order to make a meal. In varying traditions, the stone has been replaced with other common inedible objects, and therefore the parable is also known asaxe soup,button soup,nail soup,bol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_Soup |
Incomputing, aroundoff error,[1]also calledrounding error,[2]is the difference between the result produced by a givenalgorithmusing exactarithmeticand the result produced by the same algorithm using finite-precision,roundedarithmetic.[3]Rounding errors are due to inexactness in the representation ofreal numbersand the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round-off_error |
NNI(Neural Network Intelligence) is afree and open-sourceAutoMLtoolkit developed byMicrosoft.[3][4]It is used to automatefeature engineering,model compression,neural architecture search, andhyper-parameter tuning.[5][6]
The source code is licensed underMIT Licenseand available onGitHub.[7]
Thisartificial intelligence... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_Network_Intelligence |
BACnetis acommunication protocolfor building automation and control (BAC) networks that use theASHRAE,ANSI, andISO16484-5 standards[1]protocol.
BACnet was designed to allow communication ofbuilding automationand control systems for applications such as heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning control (HVAC), lightin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BACnet |
National security, ornational defence(national defenseinAmerican English), is thesecurityanddefenceof asovereign state, including itscitizens,economy, andinstitutions, which is regarded as a duty ofgovernment. Originally conceived as protection againstmilitary attack, national security is widely understood to include a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security |
Matrix completionis the task of filling in the missing entries of a partially observed matrix, which is equivalent to performing dataimputationin statistics. A wide range of datasets are naturally organized in matrix form. One example is the movie-ratings matrix, as appears in theNetflix problem: Given a ratings matrix... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_completion |
Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis(Weka) is a collection of machine learning and data analysisfree softwarelicensed under theGNU General Public License. It was developed at theUniversity of Waikato,New Zealandand is the companion software to the book "Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weka_(machine_learning) |
Medical privacy, orhealth privacy, is the practice of maintaining thesecurity and confidentialityofpatientrecords. It involves both the conversational discretion ofhealth care providersand the security ofmedical records. The terms can also refer to the physicalprivacyof patients from other patients and providers while ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_privacy |
ISO11784andISO 11785areinternational standardsthat regulate theradio-frequency identification(RFID) of animals, which is usually accomplished by implanting, introducing or attaching a transponder containing a microchip to an animal.
RF identification of animals requires that the bits transmitted by atransponderare int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_11784_and_ISO_11785 |
Engineering fitsare generally used as part ofgeometric dimensioning and tolerancingwhen a part or assembly is designed. In engineering terms, the "fit" is the clearance between two mating parts, and the size of this clearance determines whether the parts can, at one end of the spectrum, move or rotate independently fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_fit |
Instatistical hypothesis testing,[1][2]a result hasstatistical significancewhen a result at least as "extreme" would be very infrequent if thenull hypothesiswere true.[3]More precisely, a study's definedsignificance level, denoted byα{\displaystyle \alpha }, is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance |
Mindfulness and technologyis a movement in research and design, that encourages the user to become aware of the present moment, rather than losing oneself in a technological device. This field encompasses multidisciplinary participation between design, psychology, computer science, and religion.Mindfulnessstems from Bu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindfulness_and_technology |
Incomputer science,bounds-checking eliminationis acompiler optimizationuseful inprogramming languagesorruntime systemsthat enforcebounds checking, the practice of checking every index into anarrayto verify that the index is within the defined valid range of indexes.[1]Its goal is to detect which of these indexing opera... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounds-checking_elimination |
Compound-term processing,ininformation-retrieval, is search result matching on the basis ofcompound terms. Compound terms are built by combining two or more simple terms; for example, "triple" is a single word term, but "triple heart bypass" is a compound term.
Compound-term processing is a new approach to an old prob... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound-term_processing |
Ultra-wideband impulse radio ranging(orUWB-IRranging) is awirelesspositioningtechnology based onIEEE 802.15.4zstandard,[1]which is a wireless communication protocol introduced byIEEE, for systems operating inunlicensed spectrum, equipped with extremely large bandwidth transceivers. UWB enables very accurateranging[2](i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UWB_ranging |
Differential geometryis amathematicaldiscipline that studies thegeometryof smooth shapes and smooth spaces, otherwise known assmooth manifolds. It uses the techniques ofsingle variable calculus,vector calculus,linear algebraandmultilinear algebra. The field has its origins in the study ofspherical geometryas far back a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_geometry |
Condorcet methods
Positional voting
Cardinal voting
Quota-remainder methods
Approval-based committees
Fractional social choice
Semi-proportional representation
By ballot type
Pathological response
Strategic voting
Paradoxes ofmajority rule
Positive results
Liquid democracyis a form ofProxy voting,[1]whereby... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegative_Democracy |
Algorithm selection(sometimes also calledper-instance algorithm selectionoroffline algorithm selection) is a meta-algorithmic techniqueto choose an algorithm from a portfolio on an instance-by-instance basis. It is motivated by the observation that on many practical problems, different algorithms have different perform... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm_selection |
In mathematics,Hiptmair–Xu (HX) preconditioners[1]are preconditioners for solvingH(curl){\displaystyle H(\operatorname {curl} )}andH(div){\displaystyle H(\operatorname {div} )}problems based on the auxiliary space preconditioning framework.[2]An important ingredient in the derivation of HX preconditioners in two and th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiptmair%E2%80%93Xu_preconditioner |
Metaverse lawrefers to legal systems, policies and theories concerningmetaversetechnologies involvingvirtual reality,augmented reality,mixed reality, andhyperreality.[1]Metaverse Law also refers to a privacy, AI, and cybersecurity law firm founded in 2018.[2]
Metaverse law is in the early stages of development in lega... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaverse_law |
Wabun code(和文モールス符号,wabun mōrusu fugō, Morse code for Japanese text)is a form ofMorse codeused to sendJapanese languageinkanacharacters.[1]UnlikeInternational Morse Code, which represents letters of theLatin script, in Wabun each symbol represents a Japanesekana.[2]For this reason,Wabun codeis also sometimes calledKana... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wabun_code |
TheErdős number(Hungarian:[ˈɛrdøːʃ]) describes the "collaborative distance" between mathematicianPaul Erdősand another person, as measured by authorship ofmathematical papers. The same principle has been applied in other fields where a particular individual has collaborated with a large and broad number of peers.
Paul... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C5%91s_number |
TheCity Repair Projectis a501(c)(3)non-profit organization based inPortland, Oregon. Its focus is education and activism for community building. The organizational motto is "The City Repair Project is group of citizen activists creating public gathering places and helping others to creatively transform the places where... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_repair_project |
Inoptics, theoptical sine theoremstates that the products of the index, height, andsineof the slope angle of a ray in object space and its corresponding ray inimage spaceare equal. That is:
Thisoptics-related article is astub. You can help Wikipedia byexpanding it. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_sine_theorem |
Inpropositional logicandBoolean algebra, there is aduality betweenconjunctionanddisjunction,[1][2][3]also called theduality principle.[4][5][6]It is the most widely known example of duality in logic.[1]The duality consists in thesemetalogicaltheorems:
The connectives may be defined in terms of each other as follows:
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction/disjunction_duality |
Manycore processorsare special kinds ofmulti-core processorsdesigned for a high degree ofparallel processing, containing numerous simpler, independentprocessor cores(from a few tens of cores to thousands or more). Manycore processors are used extensively inembedded computersandhigh-performance computing.
Manycore proc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manycore_processor |
Living in the intersection ofcryptographyandpsychology,password psychologyis the study of what makespasswordsorcryptographic keyseasy to remember or guess.
In order for apasswordto work successfully and provide security to its user, it must be kept secret and un-guessable; this also requires the user to memorize their... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_psychology |
Instatistics, thecorrelation ratiois a measure of the curvilinear relationship between thestatistical dispersionwithin individual categories and the dispersion across the whole population or sample. The measure is defined as theratioof twostandard deviationsrepresenting these types of variation. The context here is the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_ratio |
Aletter bankis a relative of theanagramwhere all the letters of one word (the "bank") can be used as many times as desired (minimum of once each) to make a new word or phrase. For example, IMPS is a bank of MISSISSIPPI and SPROUT is a bank ofSUPPORT OUR TROOPS. As a convention, the bank should have no repeat letters wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_bank |
Mob ruleorochlocracyormobocracyis apejorativeterm describing an oppressivemajoritarianform ofgovernmentcontrolled by the common people through theintimidationof authorities. Ochlocracy is distinguished fromdemocracyor similarly legitimate and representative governments by the absence or impairment of a procedurally civ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlocracy |
Link grammar(LG) is a theory ofsyntaxby Davy Temperley andDaniel Sleatorwhich builds relations between pairs of words, rather than constructing constituents in aphrase structurehierarchy. Link grammar is similar todependency grammar, but dependency grammar includes a head-dependent relationship, whereas link grammar m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_grammar |
Inlinear algebra, the order-rKrylov subspacegenerated by ann-by-nmatrixAand a vectorbof dimensionnis thelinear subspacespannedby theimagesofbunder the firstrpowers ofA(starting fromA0=I{\displaystyle A^{0}=I}), that is,[1][2]
The concept is named after Russian applied mathematician and naval engineerAlexei Krylov, who... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krylov_subspace |
Apolice statedescribes astatewhosegovernmentinstitutions exercise an extreme level of control overcivil societyandliberties. There is typically little or no distinction between the law and the exercise ofpolitical powerby theexecutive, and the deployment ofinternal securityandpoliceforces play a heightened role ingover... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_state |
Empiricalmethods
Prescriptiveand policy
Alimited dependent variableis a variable whose range of
possible values is "restricted in some important way."[1]Ineconometrics, the term is often used when
estimation of the relationship between thelimiteddependent variableof interest and other variables requires methods that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_dependent_variable |
Amobile wireless sensor network(MWSN)[1]can simply be defined as awireless sensor network(WSN) in which thesensor nodesare mobile. MWSNs are a smaller, emerging field of research in contrast to their well-established predecessor. MWSNs are much more versatile than static sensor networks as they can be deployed in any s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_wireless_sensor_network |
Apersonal information manager(often referred to as aPIM toolor, more simply, aPIM) is a type of application software that functions as a personal organizer. The acronymPIMis now, more commonly, used in reference to personal information management as a field of study.[1]As an information management tool, a PIM tool's pu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_manager |
Indeep learning,pruningis the practice of removingparametersfrom an existingartificial neural network.[1]The goal of this process is to reduce the size (parameter count) of the neural network (and therefore thecomputational resourcesrequired to run it) whilst maintaining accuracy. This can be compared to the biological... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pruning_(artificial_neural_network) |
Aclandestine cell systemis a method for organizing a group of people, such asresistancefighters,spies,mercenaries,organized crimemembers, orterrorists, to make it harder forpolice,militaryor other hostile groups to catch them. In a cell structure, each cell consists of a relatively small number of people, who know litt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_cell_system |
LinOTPis Linux-based software to manage authentication devices fortwo-factor authenticationwithone time passwords.
It is implemented as a web service based on the python frameworkPylons. Thus it requires a web server to
run in.
LinOTP is mainly developed by the German company KeyIdentity GmbH. Its core components ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinOTP |
Inprobability theoryandstatistics, theZipf–Mandelbrot lawis adiscrete probability distribution. Also known as thePareto–Zipf law, it is apower-lawdistribution onranked data, named after thelinguistGeorge Kingsley Zipf, who suggested a simpler distribution calledZipf's law, and the mathematicianBenoit Mandelbrot, who su... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipf%E2%80%93Mandelbrot_law |
Template metaprogramming(TMP) is ametaprogrammingtechnique in whichtemplatesare used by acompilerto generate temporarysource code, which is merged by the compiler with the rest of the source code and then compiled. The output of these templates can includecompile-timeconstants,data structures, and completefunctions. Th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_metaprogramming |
TheParsley massacre(Spanish:el corte"the cutting";[5]Creole:kout kouto-a"the stabbing"[6]) (French:Massacre du Persil;Spanish:Masacre del Perejil;Haitian Creole:Masak nan Pèsil) was a mass killing ofHaitiansliving in illegal settlements[7]and occupied land in theDominican Republic's northwestern frontier and in certain... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsley_massacre |
Inmathematics,Sendov's conjecture, sometimes also calledIlieff's conjecture, concerns the relationship between the locations ofrootsandcritical pointsof apolynomial functionof acomplex variable. It is named afterBlagovest Sendov.
Theconjecturestates that for a polynomial
with all rootsr1, ...,rninside theclosed unit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendov%27s_conjecture |
Plagiarism detectionorcontent similarity detectionis the process of locating instances ofplagiarismorcopyright infringementwithin a work or document. The widespread use of computers and the advent of the Internet have made it easier to plagiarize the work of others.[1][2]
Detection of plagiarism can be undertaken in a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_similarity_detection |
Askunked termis a word or phrase that becomes difficult to use because it isevolvingfrom one meaning to another, perhaps inconsistent or evenopposite, usage,[1]or that becomes difficult to use due to other controversy surrounding the term.[2]Puristsmay insist on the old usage, whiledescriptivistsmay be more open to new... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunked_term |
Structural equation modeling(SEM) is a diverse set of methods used by scientists for both observational and experimental research. SEM is used mostly in the social and behavioral science fields, but it is also used in epidemiology,[2]business,[3]and other fields. A common definition of SEM is, "...a class of methodolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_equation_modeling |
Inlinear algebra, aToeplitz matrixordiagonal-constant matrix, named afterOtto Toeplitz, is amatrixin which each descending diagonal from left to right is constant. For instance, the following matrix is a Toeplitz matrix:
Anyn×n{\displaystyle n\times n}matrixA{\displaystyle A}of the form
is aToeplitz matrix. If thei,j... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toeplitz_matrix |
Inlinear algebraandfunctional analysis, themin-max theorem, orvariational theorem, orCourant–Fischer–Weyl min-max principle, is a result that gives a variational characterization ofeigenvaluesofcompactHermitian operators onHilbert spaces. It can be viewed as the starting point of many results of similar nature.
This a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min-max_theorem#Cauchy_interlacing_theorem |
Quantum machine learningis the integration ofquantum algorithmswithinmachine learningprograms.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
The most common use of the term refers to machine learning algorithms for the analysis of classical data executed on aquantum computer, i.e. quantum-enhanced machine learning.[9][10][11]While machine ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_machine_learning |
Inmachine learning,diffusion models, also known asdiffusion-based generative modelsorscore-based generative models, are a class oflatent variablegenerativemodels. A diffusion model consists of two major components: the forward diffusion process, and the reverse sampling process. The goal of diffusion models is to learn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_model |
Inalgebraic geometry, aprojective varietyis analgebraic varietythat is a closedsubvarietyof aprojective space. That is, it is the zero-locus inPn{\displaystyle \mathbb {P} ^{n}}of some finite family ofhomogeneous polynomialsthat generate aprime ideal, the defining ideal of the variety.
A projective variety is aproject... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective_scheme |
MUMPS("Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System"), orM, is an imperative, high-levelprogramming languagewith an integrated transaction processingkey–value database. It was originally developed atMassachusetts General Hospitalfor managing patient medical records and hospital laboratory informatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUMPS |
Adecisional balance sheetordecision balance sheetis atabularmethod for representing the pros and cons of different choices and for helping someone decide what to do in a certain circumstance. It is often used in working withambivalencein people who are engaged in behaviours that are harmful to their health (for example... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decisional_balance_sheet |
TheCatalan numbersare asequenceofnatural numbersthat occur in variouscounting problems, often involvingrecursivelydefined objects. They are named afterEugène Catalan, though they were previously discovered in the 1730s byMinggatu.
Then-th Catalan number can be expressed directly in terms of thecentral binomial coeffic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_number |
Gray-box testing(International English spelling:grey-box testing) is a combination ofwhite-box testingandblack-box testing. The aim of this testing is to search for the defects, if any, due to improper structure or improper usage of applications.[1][2]
A black-box tester is unaware of the internal structure of the app... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray-box_testing |
A subsetS{\displaystyle S}of atopological spaceX{\displaystyle X}is called aregular open setif it is equal to theinteriorof itsclosure; expressed symbolically, ifInt(S¯)=S{\displaystyle \operatorname {Int} ({\overline {S}})=S}or, equivalently, if∂(S¯)=∂S,{\displaystyle \partial ({\overline {S}})=\partial S,}whereIntS... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_closed_set |
Visual indexing theory, also known asFINST theory, is a theory of earlyvisual perceptiondeveloped byZenon Pylyshynin the 1980s. It proposes apre-attentivemechanism (a ‘FINST’) whose function is to individuate salient elements of a visual scene, and track their locations across space and time. Developed in response to w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_indexing_theory |
Loaded language[a]isrhetoricused to influence an audience by using words and phrases with strongconnotations. This type of language is very often made vague to more effectivelyinvoke an emotional responseand/or exploitstereotypes.[1][2][3]Loaded words and phrases have significant emotional implications and involve stro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loaded_language |
In numerical analysis andcomputational statistics,rejection samplingis a basic technique used to generate observations from adistribution. It is also commonly called theacceptance-rejection methodor "accept-reject algorithm" and is a type of exact simulation method. The method works for any distribution inRm{\displayst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejection_sampling |
AnL-systemorLindenmayer systemis aparallelrewriting systemand a type offormal grammar. An L-system consists of analphabetof symbols that can be used to makestrings, a collection ofproduction rulesthat expand each symbol into some larger string of symbols, an initial "axiom" string from which to begin construction, and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-system |
Inmathematics,Sperner's lemmais acombinatorialresult on colorings oftriangulations,analogousto theBrouwer fixed point theorem, which is equivalent to it.[1]It states that everySperner coloring(described below) of a triangulation of ann{\displaystyle n}-dimensionalsimplexcontains a cell whose vertices all have different... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperner%27s_lemma |
FeliCais a contactlessRFIDsmart cardsystem fromSonyinJapan, primarily used inelectronic moneycards. The name stands forFelicity Card. First utilized in theOctopus cardsystem inHong Kong,[1]the technology is used in a variety of cards also in countries such asSingapore,Japan,Indonesia,Macau, thePhilippinesand theUnited ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FeliCa |
E-UTRAis theair interfaceof 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)Long Term Evolution(LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. It is an acronym forEvolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access,[1]also known as theEvolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Accessin early drafts of the 3GPP LTE specification.[1]E-UTRANis the combinati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-UTRA |
Audio visual speech recognition(AVSR) is a technique that usesimage processingcapabilities inlip readingto aidspeech recognitionsystems in recognizing undeterministicphonesor giving preponderance among near probability decisions.
Each system oflip readingandspeech recognitionworks separately, then their results are mi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio-visual_speech_recognition |
In the physics ofhydrodynamics, aglobal modeof a system is one in which the system executes coherentoscillationsin time. Suppose a quantityy(x,t){\displaystyle y(x,t)}which depends on spacex{\displaystyle x}and timet{\displaystyle t}is governed by somepartial differential equationwhich does not have an explicit depende... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_mode |
Aseverance packageis pay and benefits that employees may be entitled to receive when theyleave employmentat a company unwilfully. In addition to their remaining regular pay, it may include some of the following:
Packages are most typically offered for employees who arelaid offorretire. Severance pay was instituted to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severance_package |
Staticsis the branch ofclassical mechanicsthat is concerned with the analysis offorceandtorqueacting on aphysical systemthat does not experience anacceleration, but rather is inequilibriumwith its environment.
IfF{\displaystyle {\textbf {F}}}is the total of the forces acting on the system,m{\displaystyle m}is the mass... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statics |
Theblack swan theoryortheory of black swan eventsis ametaphorthat describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit ofhindsight. The term arose from Latin expression which was based on the presumption thatblack swansdid not exist. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_swan_theory |
Zigbeeis anIEEE 802.15.4-basedspecificationfor a suite of high-levelcommunication protocolsused to createpersonal area networkswith small, low-powerdigital radios, such as forhome automation, medical device data collection, and other low-power low-bandwidth needs, designed for small scale projects which need wireless c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigbee |
Instatistics, avarimax rotationis used to simplify the expression of a particular sub-space in terms of just a few major items each. The actual coordinate system is unchanged, it is theorthogonalbasis that is being rotated to align with those coordinates. The sub-space found withprincipal component analysisorfactor a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varimax_rotation |
TheDice-Sørensen coefficient(see below for other names) is a statistic used to gauge the similarity of twosamples. It was independently developed by the botanistsLee Raymond Dice[1]andThorvald Sørensen,[2]who published in 1945 and 1948 respectively.
The index is known by several other names, especiallySørensen–Dice in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8rensen_similarity_index |
ABayesian network(also known as aBayes network,Bayes net,belief network, ordecision network) is aprobabilistic graphical modelthat represents a set of variables and theirconditional dependenciesvia adirected acyclic graph(DAG).[1]While it is one of several forms ofcausal notation, causal networks are special cases of B... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_networks |
Inset theory, aregular cardinalis acardinal numberthat is equal to its owncofinality. More explicitly, this means thatκ{\displaystyle \kappa }is a regular cardinal if and only if everyunboundedsubsetC⊆κ{\displaystyle C\subseteq \kappa }has cardinalityκ{\displaystyle \kappa }. Infinitewell-orderedcardinals that are no... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_cardinal |
Transparency of media ownershiprefers to the public availability of accurate, comprehensive and up-to-date information aboutmediaownership structures. A legal regime guaranteeing transparency of media ownership makes possible for the public as well as for media authorities to find out who effectively owns, controls and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_of_media_ownership_in_Europe |
Acellular automaton(pl.cellular automata, abbrev.CA) is a discretemodel of computationstudied inautomata theory. Cellular automata are also calledcellular spaces,tessellation automata,homogeneous structures,cellular structures,tessellation structures, anditerative arrays.[2]Cellular automata have found application in v... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_automaton |
Infunctional analysis, thedual normis a measure of size for acontinuouslinear functiondefined on anormed vector space.
LetX{\displaystyle X}be anormed vector spacewith norm‖⋅‖{\displaystyle \|\cdot \|}and letX∗{\displaystyle X^{*}}denote itscontinuous dual space. Thedual normof a continuouslinear functionalf{\displays... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_norm |
Invector calculus, aninvex functionis adifferentiable functionf{\displaystyle f}fromRn{\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n}}toR{\displaystyle \mathbb {R} }for which there exists a vector valued functionη{\displaystyle \eta }such that
for allxandu.
Invex functions were introduced by Hanson as a generalization ofconvex funct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invex_function |
The following is a list ofstatistical software. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_statistical_software |
Avirtual assistant(typically abbreviated toVA, also called avirtual office assistant)[1]is generally self-employed and providesprofessionaladministrative, technical, or creative (social) assistance to clients remotely from ahome office.[2]Because virtual assistants are independent contractors rather than employees, cli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant_(occupation) |
Virtual collective consciousness(VCC) is a term rebooted and promoted by two behavioral scientists, Yousri Marzouki and Olivier Oullier in their 2012Huffington Postarticle titled: "Revolutionizing Revolutions: Virtual Collective Consciousness and theArab Spring",[1]after its first appearance in 1999-2000.[2]VCC is now ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_collective_consciousness |
Fleiss' kappa(named afterJoseph L. Fleiss) is astatistical measurefor assessing thereliability of agreementbetween a fixed number ofraterswhen assigningcategorical ratingsto a number of items or classifying items. This contrasts with other kappas such asCohen's kappa, which only work when assessing the agreement betwee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleiss%27_kappa |
Master Passwordis a type ofalgorithmfirst implemented byMaarten Billemontfor creating uniquepasswordsin a reproducible manner. It differs from traditionalpassword managersin that the passwords are not stored on disk or in the cloud, but are regenerated every time from information entered by the user: Their name, amaste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Password_(algorithm) |
Media biasoccurs whenjournalistsandnews producersshowbiasin how they report and cover news. The term "media bias" implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening ofthe standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article.[1]The direction and degree of media bias in various cou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_bias |
This is aglossary of graph theory.Graph theoryis the study ofgraphs, systems of nodes orverticesconnected in pairs by lines oredges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_(graph_theory) |
Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference(2000;[1]updated 2009[2]) is a book byJudea Pearl.[3]It is an exposition and analysis ofcausality.[4][5]It is considered to have been instrumental in laying the foundations of the modern debate oncausal inferencein several fields includingstatistics,computer scienceandepidemio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality_(book) |
Cloud storageis a model ofcomputer data storagein whichdata, said to be on "the cloud", is storedremotelyin logicalpoolsand is accessible to users over a network, typically theInternet. Thephysical storagespans multipleservers(sometimes in multiple locations), and the physical environment is typically owned and managed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_storage |
Varioussoftware package metricsare used inmodular programming. They have been mentioned byRobert Cecil Martinin his 2002 bookAgile software development: principles, patterns, and practices.
The termsoftware packagehere refers to a group of relatedclassesinobject-oriented programming. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_package_metrics |
Plackett–Burman designsareexperimental designspresented in 1946 byRobin L. PlackettandJ. P. Burmanwhile working in the BritishMinistry of Supply.[1]Their goal was to find experimental designs for investigating the dependence of some measured quantity on a number ofindependent variables(factors), each takingLlevels, in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plackett%E2%80%93Burman_design |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.