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https://open.forem.com/guswoltmann84/the-impact-of-phones-on-the-brain-a-double-edged-sword-72c#comments | The Impact of Phones on the Brain: A Double-Edged Sword - Open Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Open Forem Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Gus Woltmann Posted on Jan 11 The Impact of Phones on the Brain: A Double-Edged Sword # discuss # science # watercooler In today’s digital age, smartphones have become an inseparable part of our lives. These pocket-sized devices provide instant access to information, social connections, and entertainment. While their benefits are undeniable, the heavy reliance on phones is raising concerns about their impact on the human brain. Research suggests that smartphones can influence cognitive function, mental health, and neural activity in both positive and negative ways. The Cognitive Impact of Phones Memory and Information Retention Smartphones have transformed how we store and access information. With the internet at our fingertips, many of us rely on devices instead of memory for facts and details, a phenomenon called “digital amnesia.” While this can enhance efficiency, it may reduce our brain’s ability to retain information over time. Attention Span Constant notifications and easy access to endless content can fragment our focus. Studies indicate that frequent phone use can reduce attention spans, making it harder to concentrate on tasks for extended periods. Multitasking, often encouraged by smartphone use, has been shown to impair cognitive performance rather than improve it. Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking Phones provide quick answers, but this immediacy can discourage deeper problem-solving and critical thinking. Over-reliance on technology may lead to a decline in our ability to analyze complex problems without external aids. Mental Health Implications Stress and Anxiety The constant influx of notifications, emails, and messages can create a sense of urgency, leading to stress and anxiety. Social media use, facilitated by smartphones, has been linked to feelings of inadequacy and fear of missing out (FOMO), particularly among younger users. Sleep Disruption The blue light emitted by phone screens can suppress melatonin production, a hormone critical for sleep regulation. Late-night phone use has been associated with poor sleep quality and disrupted circadian rhythms, affecting overall mental and physical health. Addiction and Dependence Smartphones are designed to be engaging, leveraging features like push notifications, infinite scrolling, and gamification. These elements can lead to compulsive use, akin to behavioral addiction, impacting mental well-being and productivity. Neural Changes and Brain Activity Brain Plasticity The brain is highly adaptable, and prolonged phone use can reshape neural pathways. While this adaptability helps us master new skills, like navigating apps, it may come at the expense of other cognitive abilities. Emotional Regulation Frequent exposure to emotionally charged content, such as social media posts or sensational news, can heighten emotional responses. This overexposure may alter the brain’s capacity to regulate emotions effectively. Reward System Activation Smartphones stimulate the brain’s reward system through likes, shares, and notifications, releasing dopamine. While this can reinforce positive habits, it can also foster addictive behaviors. Positive Impacts of Smartphones on the Brain Enhanced Learning Opportunities Smartphones enable access to a wealth of educational content, from online courses to real-time language translation. These tools can stimulate intellectual growth and expand knowledge horizons. Improved Connectivity Maintaining social connections has been shown to support mental health. Smartphones allow users to stay connected with friends and family, reducing feelings of isolation. Cognitive Training Many apps focus on brain training, mindfulness, and cognitive enhancement. When used appropriately, these apps can help improve memory, focus, and mental resilience. Finding a Balance The key to mitigating the negative impacts of phones on the brain lies in mindful use: Set Boundaries: Establish phone-free zones or hours, especially before bedtime. Prioritize Focus: Use apps or features that minimize distractions, like Do Not Disturb mode. Engage Mindfully: Balance passive scrolling with meaningful interactions or educational activities. Practice Digital Detox: Periodically disconnect from phones to reset focus and reduce dependency. Smartphones are powerful tools that can enrich our lives but also pose challenges to our brain health. Striking a balance between utility and overuse is essential to harness their benefits while minimizing potential downsides. By using phones mindfully, we can protect our cognitive and mental well-being in an increasingly digital world. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Gus Woltmann Follow Joined Nov 9, 2025 More from Gus Woltmann The Morse Code: A Revolutionary System of Communication # learning # science # watercooler 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Open Forem — A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Open Forem © 2016 - 2026. Where all the other conversations belong Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
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https://web.dev/articles/inert | The inert attribute | Articles | web.dev Skip to main content Resources Web Platform Dive into the web platform, at your pace. HTML CSS JavaScript User experience Learn how to build better user experiences. Performance Accessibility Identity Learn Get up to speed on web development. Learn HTML Learn CSS Learn JavaScript Learn Performance Learn Accessibility More courses Additional resources Explore content collections, patterns, and more. AI and the web Explore PageSpeed Insights Patterns Podcasts & shows Developer Newsletter About web.dev Baseline How to use Baseline Blog Case Studies / English Deutsch Español – América Latina Français Indonesia Italiano Polski Português – Brasil Tiếng Việt Türkçe Русский עברית العربيّة فارسی हिंदी বাংলা ภาษาไทย 中文 – 简体 中文 – 繁體 日本語 한국어 Sign in Resources More Baseline How to use Baseline Blog Case Studies Web Platform HTML CSS JavaScript User experience Performance Accessibility Identity Learn Learn HTML Learn CSS Learn JavaScript Learn Performance Learn Accessibility More courses Additional resources AI and the web Explore PageSpeed Insights Patterns Podcasts &amp; shows Developer Newsletter About web.dev Home Articles The inert attribute Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences. Emma Twersky X GitHub Homepage The inert attribute is a global HTML attribute that simplifies how to remove and restore user input events for an element, including focus events and events from assistive technologies. Browser Support 102 102 112 15.5 Source Inert is a default behavior in dialog elements, such as when you use showModal to open a dialog for users to make a selection and then dismiss it from the screen. After opening a <dialog> the rest of the page becomes inert, for example you can no longer click or tab to links. See the Pen Pen oNprQMR by web-dot-dev on Codepen You can use the inert attribute to achieve the same behavior on other elements. Inert means lacking the ability to move, so when you mark something inert, you remove movement or interaction from those DOM elements. <div> <label for="button1">Button 1</label> <button id="button1">I am not inert</button> </div> <div inert> <label for="button2">Button 2</label> <button id="button2">I am inert</button> </div> Here, inert has been declared on the second <div> element containing button2 , so all content contained within this <div> , including the button and label, cannot receive focus or be clicked. The inert attribute is especially useful for accessibility, in particular to prevent focus trapping. Better accessibility The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines require focus management and a sensible, usable focus order . This includes both discoverability and interactivity. Previously, discoverability could be suppressed with aria-hidden="true" , but interactivity is more difficult. inert gives developers the ability to remove an element from the tab order, and from the accessibility tree. This lets you control both discoverability and interactivity, and enables the ability to build more usable and accessible patterns. There are two major use cases for applying inert to an element to enable better accessibility: When an element is a part of the DOM tree, but offscreen or hidden. When an element is a part of the DOM tree, but should be non-interactive. Offscreen or hidden DOM elements One common accessibility concern is with elements like a drawer, which add elements to the DOM that are not always visible to the user. With inert you can ensure that while the drawer sub elements are offscreen, a keyboard user cannot accidentally interact with it. See the Pen Drawer by web-dot-dev on Codepen Non-interactive DOM elements Another common accessibility concern is when a UI design is visible or partially visible, but clearly non-interactive. This could be during page load, while a form is submitting, or if a dialog overlay is open, for example. To provide the best experience for users, indicate the state of the UI and "trap" the focus to the part of the page that is interactive. Focus trapping Focus trapping is a central concept of good UI accessibility. You should ensure that screen reader focus is on interactive UI elements and aware when an element is blocking interactivity. This also helps limit rogue screen readers from reaching behind a page overlay, or accidentally submitting a form while the first submission is still processing. Using inert , you can ensure that the only discoverable content is reachable. This is helpful for: Blocking elements such as a modal dialog, focus-trapping menu, or side nav. A carousel with non-active items. Non-applicable form content (for example, fading out and disabling the "Shipping address" fields when the "Same as billing address" checkbox has been checked). Disabling the entire UI while in an inconsistent state. Visually indicate inert elements By default, there is no visual indication of a subtree being inert. It is recommended that you clearly mark what parts of the DOM are active and which are inert. [ inert ], [ inert ] * { opacity : 0.5 ; pointer-events : none ; cursor : default ; user-select : none ; } Not all users can see all parts of a page at once. For example, users of screen readers, small devices, or with magnifiers, and even users just using particularly small windows might not be able to see the active part of a page, and may get frustrated if inert sections are not obviously inert. For individual controls, the disabled attribute is probably more appropriate. See the Pen Pen ZEvdmmo by web-dot-dev on Codepen What interactions and movement are blocked? By default, inert blocks focus and click events. For assistive technologies, this also blocks tabbing and discoverability. The browser may also ignore page search and text selection in the element. The default value of inert is false . Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License , and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License . For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies . Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Last updated 2024-04-05 UTC. 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https://dev.to/scale_youtube/ndc-conferences-view-transitions-the-brand-new-browser-api-that-will-blow-your-mind-jakob-77o | NDC Conferences: View Transitions: The brand-new browser API that will blow your mind - Jakob Endrestad Kielland - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Scale YouTube Posted on Nov 9, 2025 NDC Conferences: View Transitions: The brand-new browser API that will blow your mind - Jakob Endrestad Kielland # javascript # architecture # azure # cloud Ever wondered why native apps feel so much smoother than the web? The new View Transitions API lets you add buttery-smooth, CSS-driven page switches in just a few lines—no heavyweight JavaScript frameworks required. Jakob Endrestad Kielland takes you through a lightning demo and then pops the hood to show you exactly how the browser pulls off its magic. Filmed at NDC Copenhagen, this talk is your ticket to ditching clunky transitions and giving your site that native-app polish with minimal code. Prepare to get your mind blown! Watch on YouTube Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Scale YouTube Follow Joined Aug 2, 2025 More from Scale YouTube NDC Conferences: Optimize Your Internal OS and Minimize Compatibility Issues at Work - Alice Meredith # career # architecture # performance NDC Conferences: Optimize Your Internal OS and Minimize Compatibility Issues at Work - Alice Meredith # career # architecture # performance NDC Conferences: Optimize Your Internal OS and Minimize Compatibility Issues at Work - Alice Meredith # career # architecture # performance 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://replit.com/products/design | Design - Replit Agent Products Agent Design Database Publish Security Integrations Mobile For Work Teams Replit for teams to build together Enterprise Replit with Enterprise-grade security & controls Use Cases Business Apps Rapid Prototyping Roles Enterprise PM Designers Operations Software Developers Small Businesses SMB owners Founders Resources Get Started Docs Community Expert Network Inspiration Customer Stories Gallery Blog News Pricing Careers Agent Contact sales Log in Sign up Products For Work Resources Pricing Careers Contact sales Log in Start building Design to App, effortlessly Use our Import from Figma tool and Visual Editor to make sure your design vision comes to life effortlessly in your app Get started free Import projects from design tools such as Figma You can easily import your Figma designs with a few clicks or your Lovable and Bolt apps by importing your app code from GitHub Replit Agent generates UI components that closely match your original designs You can ask Replit Agent to generate the necessary backend functionality, post-import Use Visual Editor to make direct visual edits to your app’s UI in the preview You can select elements in your app’s preview for editing. Edit text directly from the preview if it’s a string in your source code or update images by swapping URLs or uploading your own files Adjust styles using intuitive controls for properties like padding, text color, and background color. Instantly preview styling & changes Use instant Visual Previews after first prompt to make sure your app's design matches your vision Agent generates an instant preview of your App for your review and approval before it starts building. This ensures you can adjust your prompt if the App preview doesn't align with your vision Get inspired by our community [...] Replit feels like the perfect combination of just enough access to technical details/coding/deployment in addition to being insanely fast and outputting beautiful design” — Andrew Wilkinson Co-founder of Tiny (35+ companies) The is before @figma integrated with @Replit versus after. Speaks for itself i think” — Spanky McDoob (@56thProfile) The days of wonky design-to-code imports are over — @replit has delivered near pixel perfection with their import from Figma feature Anything else is a waste of time and tokens at this point.” — Max Miner @MxMnr What are you waiting for? Get Started free Handy Links About us Vibe Coding 101 Help How to guides Import from GitHub Status Additional resources Brand kit Partnerships Legal Terms of service Commercial agreement Privacy Subprocessors DPA Report abuse Connect X / Twitter Tiktok Facebook Instagram Linkedin Scroll to top All rights reserved. Copyright © 2026 Replit, Inc. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://replit.com/products/integrations | Integrations - Replit Agent Products Agent Design Database Publish Security Integrations Mobile For Work Teams Replit for teams to build together Enterprise Replit with Enterprise-grade security & controls Use Cases Business Apps Rapid Prototyping Roles Enterprise PM Designers Operations Software Developers Small Businesses SMB owners Founders Resources Get Started Docs Community Expert Network Inspiration Customer Stories Gallery Blog News Pricing Careers Agent Contact sales Log in Sign up Products For Work Resources Pricing Careers Contact sales Log in Start building Integrations for all your needs Agent supports numerous integrations enabled automatically when your prompt creates certain keywords Get started free AI services OpenAI Powers AI features using GPT models for text generation, content creation, summarization, and intelligent assistants within your application. Anthropic Incorporates Claude models (claude-3-7-sonnet-latest) for natural language understanding, content generation, and conversational interfaces. xAI Incorporates advanced AI models to power intelligent features like content generation and personalized recommendations. Perplexity Integrates AI-powered search and answer generation, allowing users to ask questions and receive comprehensive, citation-backed responses. Authentication, security, and payment Replit Auth Replit Auth allows users to sign into your app using their Replit Account credentials. This integrates natively with Replit and is the fastest and simplest way to add Auth to your Replit apps. Firebase Auth Provides authentication supporting email/password login, social media authentication, and secure user management with ready-made UI components. Google OAuth Enables quick and secure single sign-on using Google accounts. Stripe Handles secure payment processing, subscriptions, invoicing, and complex billing scenarios with comprehensive transaction reporting. PayPal Support for a PayPal checkout button for adding quick and easy payments. Communication, notifications, & messaging Sendgrid Sends transactional emails, marketing campaigns, and automated notifications to users. Slack Enables real-time notifications and alerts from your app directly to team channels for instant communication. Twilio Enables SMS notifications, verification codes, alerts, and two-factor authentication through text messaging. Telegram Sends notifications and messages to users through Telegram’s messaging platform. Data storage & management Database Provides a robust, scalable relational database built into Agent for storing structured data with support for queries, transactions, and data relationships. Airtable Connects your app to Airtable for organizing and displaying structured content. Analytics & tracking Google Analytics Integrates Google Analytics to monitor page views, and other metrics. Workspace integrations Google Calendar Allows users to view, create, and manage events and schedules directly from your app. Google Drive Provides access to cloud storage for files with options to upload and download documents within your app. Google Sheets Integrates spreadsheet functionality for data tracking, calculations, and visualizations. Dropbox Enables file storage, sharing, and syncing capabilities within your application. What are you waiting for? Get Started free Handy Links About us Vibe Coding 101 Help How to guides Import from GitHub Status Additional resources Brand kit Partnerships Legal Terms of service Commercial agreement Privacy Subprocessors DPA Report abuse Connect X / Twitter Tiktok Facebook Instagram Linkedin Scroll to top All rights reserved. Copyright © 2026 Replit, Inc. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.coderabbit.ai/case-studies/inside-clerks-40-percent-faster-merge-workflow-with-coderabbit | Inside Clerk’s 40% faster merge workflow with CodeRabbit Features Enterprise Customers Pricing Blog Resources Docs Trust Center Contact Us FAQ Log In Get a free trial Inside Clerk’s 40% faster merge workflow with CodeRabbit 40% Faster Merge Times Enhanced Security & Spec Compliance 70% of bug findings accepted Higher Developer Confidence & Productivity San Francisco, United States https://www.clerk.com/ Team size 100+ Languages Go, JavaScript/TypeScript Challenge Maintain high code quality and security standards while accelerating review cycles across multiple time zones. Get started today Share For Brandon Romano, Senior Staff Software Engineer at Clerk, shipping authentication and user-management infrastructure means zero tolerance for security lapses or spec violations. But that can be hard when working across distributed time zones. Benjamin Werner, a Software Engineer on the team, recently drove significant OAuth work but struggled to get timely early reviews since he was collaborating with teammates in Europe and around the world. Before CodeRabbit, Clerk’s review process was entirely human and was still constrained by reviewer availability and geography. They wanted to improve their code review process so they could catch minutiae and edge cases earlier, get reviews while teammates in other time zones were asleep and raise the overall confidence in their team’s shipped code. Challenge: Scale quality without slowing down The cost of issues and bugs was significant: Clerk handles authentication, user data, and standards-driven protocols like OAuth. A weak encryption configuration or an off-spec error code can pose significant security and compliance risks. It could also erode trust in Clerk’s solution. Their review process needed to be as thorough as possible. Need for early reviews: Even in a responsive team culture, it was hard to get quick reviews, especially on early-stage work. “Humans who are busy take time to review PRs and that means it’s a longer time to first feedback,” Brandon noted. That was complicated even more by the fact that some team members at Clerk work remotely from Europe. Without an always-on first reviewer, subtle bugs could slip through from early-stage code into PRs or production, creating costly rework cycles. Reviewers wanted to focus on higher-level issues: "When I’m reviewing somebody’s code and I see a for loop, I’m just going to assume that they’ve done this correctly, there are 400 other lines of code,” Ben explained. But subtle off-by-one or edge condition errors are easy to miss when reviewers focus on architecture and design. Clerk wanted a solution that would automatically check for common mistakes so their reviewers could focus on higher-level tasks. 95% of PRs receive an initial review within minutes 40% faster merge workflow 70% acceptance of flagged bugs Why Clerk loves CodeRabbit Catches hard-to-find security issues One thing Clerk likes about CodeRabbit is that it repeatedly flags security issues, helping them improve their security posture. For example, Brandon was implementing AES-256-CBC encryption for symmetric encryption when CodeRabbit flagged a configuration weakness in its application.”I accidentally introduced a bug that would have passed in a static initialization vector into our encryption service, and CodeRabbit caught the issue." Brandon explained. A static IV in symmetric encryption can weaken the encryption's effectiveness, a subtle mistake that's easy to overlook during human review when reviewing architecture and logic. It increased our security posture. Brandon Romano, Senior Staff Software Engineer This prevented a configuration that could have weakened Clerk's data protection. Helps with standards compliance Another area CodeRabbit has been helpful in is flagging standard compliance issues. Ben was building an OAuth endpoint and returning an error code but it was not the correct error code and CodeRabbit caught that. “The tool’s ability to cross-check against published OAuth specifications proved 'really useful' for maintaining protocol compliance. Minutes to feedback Another benefit has been how quickly CodeRabbit can provide feedback – including in IDEs and CLIs. I personally find it really nice that the time first to review is now minutes. I can fix it in my editor before I waste any time. Brandon explained. CodeRabbit acts as an always-on CI system, catching issues before human reviewers even see the PR. Ben shared: “95% of the PRs that I open, I can get a review really quickly. But we're a global team and recently I was working on a piece of code that someone in Europe wrote. I wanted him to review the PRs. Before CodeRabbit, I would open the pr, then I'd wait until the next day for him to review it, and then I would fix it. But with CodeRabbit, I can get a first pass review and save a whole day.” Frees humans up to focus on design and architecture CodeRabbit checks if the code actually does what it claims and flags edge cases. Taking care of this part of the review lets reviewers operate at a higher level of abstraction. Brandon even values CodeRabbit’s “non-actional” comments because they force reflection. Even dismissed suggestions create opportunities for documentation or clearer code. “It forces me to reflect on my code, where maybe I need to add a comment because it is actually unclear,” he shared. The time CodeRabbit saves him also frees him up to do more. "Merging code allows me to focus on other tasks," Brandon explained. "Each unmerged pull request is another plate I'm balancing." The faster PRs merge, the less context-switching he has to deal with, and the more he can focus on building new features. Learnings that stick Clerk loves that CodeRabbit adapts to their team’s specific patterns without requiring manual configuration. All they have to do is respond naturally in PR threads. But Brandon finds that CodeRabbit also helps him learn. "I consistently apply what I've learned from CodeRabbit comments. By responding within the same interface, I find that the same types of issues rarely reappear," Brandon shared. Results: Measurable improvements across the development lifecycle 40% faster merges Thanks to CodeRabbit, the Clerk team was able to merge their PRs 40% faster. Brandon credits CodeRabbit for catching bugs early, before they trigger rejection cycles.. "CodeRabbit catches bugs before they reach human reviewers, issues that would have gotten flagged as 'you need to fix this before I approve,” Brandon explained. Instead of the typical back-and-forth, developers fix issues flagged by CodeRabbit in minutes, then get a clean human review focused on design and architecture, rather than bugs. Ben agrees that CodeRabbit helps reduce their review time. “It makes me more confident in my PRs and I save a lot of time in reviews,” Ben shared. “That means I can spend my time on more important parts of the review cycle.” 70% acceptance rate on potential bugs CodeRabbit is also extremely accurate at flagging bugs. Brandon noted, "CodeRabbit probably catches one to three things per day that I accept." Clerk’s 70% acceptance rate of all potential bugs CodeRabbit flags shows the tool has earned trust. Developers read the comments and implement the suggestions, making Clerk’s applications safer. Reduced cognitive overhead for code reviewers Thanks to CodeRabbit, Brandon's changed how he reviews code: "I can kind of skim a little bit heavier and focus a little bit more on the design-oriented comments." CodeRabbit handles the tedious stuff, checking syntax, catching off-by-one errors, so that senior engineers can spend their time on what actually requires human judgment: architecture decisions, API design, and how everything fits together. Preventing "paper cuts" that compound over time CodeRabbit's ability to catch bugs during active development, when context is fresh, prevents the expensive context-switching that comes from debugging production issues weeks later. "It catches the bugs when you're already thinking about the code, not two months down the line when you've forgotten what the code does. It identifies issues as you're actively working on the code, rather than discovering them months later when the code's purpose is no longer fresh in your mind,” shared Brandon. CodeRabbit = Confidence & velocity for security-critical infrastructure Before CodeRabbit • Subtle bugs and spec violations slipped through • Reviewers spent time on correctness instead of design • Multiple review cycles delayed merges After CodeRabbit 40% faster merges with instant AI feedback 70% of bug findings accepted = trusted reviews Security and spec issues caught early Reviewers focus on architecture, not syntax For Clerk, CodeRabbit is the ideal tool for augmenting human reviews. It catches subtle bugs, security weaknesses, and spec violations before they cost a day of back-and-forth or, worse, ship to production. What sets CodeRabbit apart in Clerk's security-focused environment is its ability to understand, not just syntax but specifications, from OAuth error codes to cryptographic best practices. As Brandon emphasized, "CodeRabbit excels at understanding published specifications. It'll catch when you're doing something off spec, which is incredibly useful." The platform's success at Clerk shows how fast-moving teams with strong review cultures can benefit from an always-on first reviewer. Since adopting CodeRabbit, our confidence is up and our bugs are down; it catches the edge cases humans skim past and helps us merge faster with more confidence. Brandon Romano, Senior Staff Software Engineer By handling routine correctness checks and catching edge-case bugs in complex control flow, CodeRabbit lets Clerk's developers focus on what they do best: building secure, performant authentication infrastructure. San Francisco, United States https://www.clerk.com/ Team size 100+ Languages Go, JavaScript/TypeScript Challenge Maintain high code quality and security standards while accelerating review cycles across multiple time zones. Get started today Want to see how CodeRabbit can help your team? 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https://dev.to/ar_abid_641aa302d5c68b2ae/why-your-e-commerce-filters-feel-slow-even-when-your-site-is-fast-4a57#immediate-feedback-matters-more-than-accuracy | Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse ar abid Posted on Jan 13 Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast # webdev # frontend # ecommerce # ux Many e commerce sites load quickly. Product pages appear almost instantly. Images are optimized. Performance scores look healthy. Yet the moment users start filtering products, everything feels slow. This is one of the most common performance complaints in modern e commerce, and it is also one of the most misunderstood. Filters Are an Interaction Problem Not a Loading Problem Filtering is not a page load. It is an interaction loop. Users expect filters to feel instant because they are exploratory actions. When filters lag, users lose momentum and patience. Even a short delay after clicking a filter checkbox can feel broken. What Users Expect From Filters From a user point of view filtering should behave like this. Click a filter See results change immediately Continue browsing Users do not expect a full reload. They do not expect spinners. They do not expect hesitation. When filters feel slow, users often stop using them entirely or leave the site. What Actually Happens When Filters Are Applied Behind the scenes filtering often triggers heavy work. Query parameters change API requests are sent Large result sets are processed State updates trigger re renders Analytics events fire Many systems treat filtering as a mini page load instead of a lightweight interaction. This creates unnecessary delays. Why Fast Pages Still Have Slow Filters A site can load fast and still have slow filters because filters stress different parts of the stack. They stress JavaScript execution They stress rendering performance They stress network latency They stress state management None of this is reflected clearly in traditional page speed metrics. The Hidden Cost of Over Fetching Many filtering systems request full product lists every time a filter changes. This means: Large payloads Repeated network requests Unnecessary parsing work The UI waits while data it does not fully need is processed. Rendering Is Often the Real Bottleneck Even when API responses are fast, rendering filtered results can be slow. Large product grids Complex card components Images reflowing layouts Every filter change can trigger dozens or hundreds of component updates. This makes the interface feel sluggish even on fast connections. Why Debouncing Alone Does Not Fix It Debouncing filter requests helps reduce network traffic but does not solve perceived slowness. Users still experience a pause between action and feedback. Debouncing improves efficiency but not responsiveness. What High Performance Filtering Feels Like High performing e commerce filters follow one key principle. The interface responds first. Data catches up second. Users should always see immediate visual feedback that their action was registered. Immediate Feedback Matters More Than Accuracy Good filtering systems show feedback instantly. Checkbox states update immediately Active filters appear instantly Skeleton loaders or placeholders appear Even if the data update takes time, the user feels in control. Progressive Results Improve Perception Instead of waiting for all results to load, progressive rendering helps. Show partial results quickly Update the grid incrementally Avoid blank states Progress builds trust and keeps users engaged. Caching Makes Filters Feel Instant Many filter combinations repeat across users. Caching filtered results at the edge or application layer allows: Instant responses Reduced backend load Smoother interactions Smart caching turns filters into a near instant experience. A Real World Example On a production e commerce platform, shopperdot , users frequently applied multiple filters while browsing categories. Page load speed was not an issue. The problem appeared during rapid filter changes where the UI hesitated between actions. By prioritizing immediate UI feedback, caching common filter responses, and reducing unnecessary re renders, the filtering experience felt dramatically faster without changing the backend infrastructure. Why Mobile Users Feel This More Filtering issues are amplified on mobile. Slower CPUs Less memory More layout recalculations A filter delay that feels acceptable on desktop can feel frustrating on mobile. This makes filter performance a critical mobile conversion factor. Measuring Filter Performance Correctly Instead of measuring request time alone, measure: Time from filter click to UI feedback Time until first visible result update Dropped interactions during filtering These metrics reveal friction that traditional tools miss. Common Mistakes to Avoid Treating filters like full page loads Blocking UI updates until data arrives Re rendering entire grids unnecessarily Ignoring mobile performance constraints Each of these increases perceived slowness. Filters Are a Discovery Tool Not a Transaction Filtering is exploratory. Users are browsing, comparing, and narrowing options. Any friction here disrupts discovery and reduces engagement. Fast filters encourage exploration. Slow filters discourage it. Final Thoughts If users say your site feels slow, watch them use filters. Chances are the problem is not loading speed but interaction design. Fixing filters often delivers bigger UX gains than optimizing the homepage again. Because in modern e commerce, discovery speed matters as much as page speed. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse ar abid Follow Joined Dec 4, 2025 More from ar abid The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce Why Your E-commerce Site Is Slow (And How Developers Can Fix It) # webperf # frontend # developers # ecommerce 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/technm | Technmsrisai - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Technmsrisai 404 bio not found Joined Joined on Jan 8, 2026 More info about @technm Badges Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close Post 2 posts published Comment 0 comments written Tag 2 tags followed Tools Don’t Fix Broken Systems — Design Does Technmsrisai Technmsrisai Technmsrisai Follow Jan 9 Tools Don’t Fix Broken Systems — Design Does # systems # architecture # productivity # software Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why Zoho Implementation Fails (A Systems Perspective for Growing Teams) Technmsrisai Technmsrisai Technmsrisai Follow Jan 8 Why Zoho Implementation Fails (A Systems Perspective for Growing Teams) # zoho # cloud # software Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.suprsend.com/post/dynamically-syncing-in-app-notification-center-theme-with-applications-current-theme-state | Notification Infrastructure for email, sms, slack, push, inbox | SuprSend Platform Workflows Craft notification workflows outside code Templates Powerful WYSIWYG template editors for all channels Analytics Get insights to improve notifications performance in one place Tenants Map your multi-tenant setup to scope notifications per tenant In-app Inbox Drop in a fully customizable, real-time inbox Preferences Allow users to decide which notifications they want to receive and on what channels Observability Get step-by-step detailed logs to debug faster Integrations Connect with the tools & providers you already use Solutions By Usecases Transactional Trigger real-time notifications based on user actions or system events Collaboration Notify users about mentions, comments, or shared activity Multi-tenant Customize templates, preferences & routing for each tenant Batching & Digest Group multiple updates into a single notification Scheduled Alerts Send timely notifications at fixed intervals or specific times Announcements / Newsletters Broadcast product updates or messages to all users Pricing Developers Documentation Quick Start Guides API References SuprSend CLI SDKs System Status Customers Resources Resources Blog Join our Slack Community Change logs Security Featured Blogs A complete guide on Notification Service for Modern Applications Build vs Buy For Notification Service Sign in Get a Demo Get Started The Notification System your product deserves Developer & Product teams use SuprSend’s centralized platform, APIs, and components to quickly build & easily manage multi-channel notifications – all while ensuring exceptional notification experience. Start for free Get a Demo Trusted Infrastructure Layer behind Hundreds of Platforms Notifications need more than send( ) Business Requirements, Customizations, Management & Scale make notifications a full-blown infra project That's why we built SuprSend Get a production-ready system to send high-quality notifications to your users. Don’t re-invent the wheel. Leverage unified APIs to ship notifications in minutes No more stitching together multiple channels in your code. Integrate once and start sending alerts across channels effortlessly. Read Documentation -> Transactional Bulk Objects Broadcast Inline Event-based from suprsend import Suprsend from suprsend import Event from suprsend import WorkflowTriggerRequest supr_client = Suprsend("_workspace_key_", "_workspace_secret_") # Prepare workflow payload w1 = WorkflowTriggerRequest( body = { "workflow": "_workflow_slug_", "recipients": [ { "distinct_id": "0gxxx9f14-xxxx-23c5-1902-xxxcb6912ab09", "$email": ["stephen@example.com"], "$sms": ["+12135555444"], "name": "Stephen", "$preferred_language": "en", "$timezone": "America/New_York" } ], "data": { "first_name": "Stephen", "invoice_amount": "US$5,000", "invoice_id":"Invoice-1234" } }, tenant_id = "suprsend", idempotency_key = "43egt4128-eddc-425a-89fb-55dggad9f3e1b" ) # Trigger workflow response = supr_client.workflows.trigger(w1) print(response) from suprsend import Suprsend from suprsend import Event distinct_id = "0gxxx9f14-xxxx-23c5-1902-xxxcb6912ab09" event_name = "Invoice Raised" properties = { "invoice_amount": "US$5,000", "invoice_id": "Invoice-1234" } event = Event(distinct_id=distinct_id, event_name=event_name, properties=properties) # Track event response = supr_client.track_event(event) print(response) from suprsend import Suprsend from suprsend import Event from suprsend import WorkflowTriggerRequest supr_client = Suprsend("_workspace_key_", "_workspace_secret_") # Workflow: 1 w1 = WorkflowTriggerRequest( body = { "workflow": "_workflow_slug_", "recipients": [{"distinct_id": "UUID1"}], "data": { "invoice_amount": "US$2,400", "invoice_id": "Invoice-1" }, } ) # Workflow: 2 w2 = WorkflowTriggerRequest( body = { "workflow": "_workflow_slug_", "recipients": [{"distinct_id": "UUID2"}], "data": { "invoice_amount": "US$5,800", "invoice_id": "Invoice-2" }, } ) bulk_ins = supr_client.workflows.bulk_trigger_instance() bulk_ins.append(w1, w2) # Trigger workflow response = bulk_ins.trigger() print(response) from suprsend import Suprsend from suprsend import Event from suprsend import WorkflowTriggerRequest supr_client = Suprsend("_workspace_key_", "_workspace_secret_") # Prepare workflow payload w1 = WorkflowTriggerRequest( body = { "workflow": "_workflow_slug_", "recipients": [ { "object_type": "departments", "id": "supply_chain" } ], "data": { "type": "Inventory Low", "name": "Product Name" } }, tenant_id = "suprsend", idempotency_key = "43egt4128-eddc-425a-89fb-55dggad9f3e1b" ) # Trigger workflow response = supr_client.workflows.trigger(w1) print(response) from suprsend import Suprsend, SuprsendAPIException, SubscriberListBroadcast supr_client = Suprsend( "_api_key_", "_api_secret_", ) broadcast_body = { "list_id": "subscribers_nvidia", "template": "price-change-alert", "notification_category": "transactional", "data": { "new_price": "US$110", "percentage_change": "+8%" }, } inst = SubscriberListBroadcast(body=broadcast_body) response = supr_client.subscriber_lists.broadcast(inst) print(response) Create high-impact notifications with powerful functions Batching / Digest Aggregate multiple messages into a single notification to avoid overwhelming users. Wait Until Trigger a sequence of notifications or helpful reminders based on user actions or inactions. Timezone Awareness Deliver notifications timed to users' local timezones for optimal engagement. Branching Fine-tune personalization in notifications using dynamic conditions. Multi-tenancy Customize notifications and create per-tenant feeds to deliver value to your business customers. Smart Channel Routing Intelligently route notifications across channels and prevent bombarding. Explore More Functions -> Deploy inbox your users actually engage with A fully customizable in-app notification center with socket-based infrastructure. Go live in under 30 minutes & engage users within your application. Drop-in React Components Customize it to match your brand style Headless Build your own UI with headless API Feature Packed Build an interactive feed with tabs, filters, read/ unread status & more Sync Messages synced across devices and browsers SDKs available in all major languages React.js Angular Vue.js Next.js React Native Android iOS Flutter Try Inbox in Playground Know More Notifications Mark all as read All 1 Mentions Replies Jessica Miller added you to the project "Q2 Marketing Plan" GROWTH 2m Mark as Read Archive James Carter mentioned you in a comment on Website Redesign DESIGN "Can you review the latest updates before our call tomorrow?" 30m Mark as Read Archive David Roberts is requesting access to a document: "Budget Report 2025" ACCESS Accept Decline 1h Mark as Read Archive Morgan Thompson updated the proposal: "Enterprise Subscription Model" UPDATES 3h Mark as Read Archive Sarah Wilson mentioned you in a comment on " Product Roadmap 2025" "@Emily Please review the timeline and share your feedback on it." PRODUCT 3h Mark as Read Archive Kim Wexler replied to a comment in " Marketing Strategy 2025" "Great point, Emily! Let's finalize the plan by tomorrow." MARKETING 5h Mark as Read Archive William Brown replied to your comment in " Client Proposal Discussion" "That makes sense. Should we run a test campaign first?" SALES 1d Mark as Read Archive Ashley Martinez replied to your comment in " Sprint Planning" "Yes, we can move Task #42 to next week." SPRINT PLAN 2d Mark as Read Archive James Carter mentioned you in a comment on Website Redesign "@Emily Can you please review the latest updates before our call tomorrow?" DESIGN 30m Mark as Read Archive Sarah Wilson mentioned you in a comment on " Product Roadmap 2025" "@Emily Please review the timeline and share your feedback on it." PRODUCT 3h Mark as Read Archive Kim Wexler replied to a comment in " Marketing Strategy 2025" "Great point, Emily! Let's finalize the plan by tomorrow." MARKETING 5h Mark as Read Archive William Brown replied to your comment in " Client Proposal Discussion" "That makes sense. Should we run a test campaign first?" SALES 1d Mark as Read Archive Ashley Martinez replied to your comment in " Sprint Planning" "Yes, we can move Task #42 to next week." SPRINT PLAN 1h Mark as Read Archive Notifications Mark all as read Today Emily Carter has been assigned to you Individual • 2 minutes ago Mark as Read Archive Brightwave Solutions has been assigned to you Organisation • 30 minutes ago Mark as Read Archive Michael Lee has a new event status: Requires Review KYC Database Check • 45 minutes ago Risk Watchlist +3 Mark as Read Archive Ownership report for NexaCorp Ltd is now available Report • 3 hours ago View Download Mark as Read Archive Yesterday 8 entities have a new event status Approved • 1 day ago Mark as Read Archive Notifications Mark all as read Latest Trade Executed TRADE CONFIRMATION Summit Capital has completed the trade: 10,500 shares of Westwood Corp at $72.50 per share on Apex Exchange. 2m New Bid Submitted BID SUBMITTED Bid placed for 12,000 shares of Redwood Industries at $85.75 per share. Awaiting counteroffer. 30m Trade Delayed TRADE ISSUE Your trade for 11,250 shares of Crestwood Holdings at $59.80 per share is experiencing delays. Check status. 1h Older Trade Confirmed TRADE CONFIRMATION Horizon Securities has confirmed the trade execution for 9,750 shares of Brookline Energy at $68.20 per share. 1d Meeting Scheduled EVENT REMINDER Quarterly Trade Review meeting is scheduled for April 12, 2025, at 2 PM EST. 3d Give users control with Preference Center Put notification preferences in your users' hands without the engineering overhead. Let them choose how, when, and where they receive updates. Flexible APIs & components Quickly add preference center with flexible APIs and UI components Granular settings Allow granular preference settings for category, channels & frequency Per-tenant preferences Enable per-tenant preferences for complex customer organizations Hosted Preference Page Effortlessly add an unsubscription link in your message templates Get Started Know More Category Name Project Updates On Comment Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. On Archive Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Project Due Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Tasks Task Assigned Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Task Due Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Task Status Updated Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Channel Preferences All Required Email Radio Radio Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Inbox Radio Radio Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Slack Radio Radio Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Whatsapp Radio Radio Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Manage Notifications Choose the message you'd like everyone on team to receive while they work. Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Project Started Notify users assigned to a project via email and platform notifications when the project is initiated. Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Project Completed Notify users assigned to a project via email and platform notifications when the project is completed. Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Project Archived Notify users assigned to a project via email and platform notifications when the project is archived. Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Task Started Notify users assigned to a task via email and platform notifications when the task in any project is initiated. Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Task Reassigned Notify users who get reassigned to a task in any project via email and platform notifications. Checkbox 5 Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Task Status Updated Notify users when a task's status in any project gets updated via email and platform notifications. Templates , Reimagined — built-in WYSIWYG, versioning & internationalization Email In-app Inbox Push Slack Draft Draft Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Final V2 Live John Mathias edited 3 days ago English (en) German (de) French (fr) V1 Testing Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Draft Draft Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Final V2 Live John Mathias edited 3 days ago English (en) German (de) French (fr) V1 Testing Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Draft Draft Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Final V2 Live John Mathias edited 3 days ago English (en) German (de) French (fr) V1 Testing Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Draft Draft Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Final V2 Live John Mathias edited 3 days ago English (en) German (de) French (fr) V1 Testing Alyssa Smith edited 9 mins ago Developer-First by Design Read Documentation -> Work in Natural Language with MCP Automate notifications in natural language — create, update, manage, query easily. Compatible with Claude, Cursor, and other MCP clients you already use. Automated Deployments Promote notifications across environments with CLI and CI/CD. JSON Schema Validation Release with confidence as schema checks ensure workflows never break. Observability SuprSend is designed to provide developers with unmatched observability into notifications. With real-time, step-by-step logs, debugging issues becomes faster and more efficient. Sync Notifications Data Sync real-time data to your warehouse via webhooks or S3. Centralize and streamline your data for deeper insights. Native Integrations with your Stack SuprSend plugs seamlessly into your existing tools, so you can enhance notifications without overhead. Reliability SuprSend ensures reliable delivery with built-in workflow state management, fallbacks, retries, and routing. Infrastructure you can rely on Enterprise-grade security Engineered for scale With Governance & Controls From “We’ll Build It” to “Glad We Didn’t” 💙 "SuprSend transformed how we handle notifications. Our product team can now manage workflows without engineering help. This has accelerated our deployment cycles and made scaling much easier. " Nick Markman VP Product, Evocalize " SuprSend is a truly unified multi-channel platform that stood out among all the tools we evaluated. The integration was seamless, and the testing and logging are top-notch. " Jonas Boonen Head of Product, CrazyGames "The fact that developers just need to call one API and then build notification logic, templates, and configure channels on SuprSend, instead of in code, was much needed abstraction for the mess notifications created in code ." "SuprSend simplified our notification system with the right abstractions and a unified layer across email, in-app, and Slack. Great product, great team —highly recommend." Rohit Sharma Director of Engineering, FrankieOne "We found SuprSend when we needed a notification system that can handle serious complexity - and it delivered on every level. The platform handles our complex notification needs with surprising simplicity." Ravi Yenduri CTO, Sabanto " Thinking that your whole notification system can be integrated and go live in 48 hours is insane. But SuprSend did just that. " " SuprSend replaced our complex, code-heavy setup with a simple, intuitive solution. We were live fast , and no longer dealt with the hassle of building or maintaining notifications ourselves." Madhulika Mukherjee Co-Founder & CTO, Delightree "SuprSend built the platform I would've had to build myself. It freed up our engineers and gave non-tech teams the agility to move fast—saving us countless hours. A game-changer for scaling communication." James Wu Co-founder & CTO, Centauri AI "The developer documentation provided was clear and comprehensive , making the integration process smooth for our technical team. The SuprSend team was extremely supportive throughout the setup process." " Super easy implementation and worked on first attempt when deploying to staging. " "SuprSend has leveled up our customer notifications —while saving dev hours and cutting maintenance overhead. " Swaminathan N Product Lead, Freightify " Support for multi-tenancy is a god send! " " Their in-app notification center was one of the best in the market. " " SuprSend's in-app inbox, preferences, & workflow engine allow us to effortlessly trigger customer-first notifications. It's now a critical part of our core infrastructure." Manish Gautam Senior Product Manager, Esko "We could’ve spent months building notifications, but SuprSend had us live fast. It’s flexible, scalable, and saves serious engineering effort —a huge win for our team." Dinesh Singh Co-founder & CTO, Topmate " Integrating SuprSend into our infrastructure has been a smart move that’s paid off. Capabilities like batching, multi-tenancy and user preferences are available as our needs evolve." "Everything you need to build customer-first notifications is provided out-of-the-box . We are able to improve notification experiences with ease . "Suprsend has been a game-changer for managing notifications. We used to juggle different platforms for email, Slack, etc. Now everything is under one roof, making it much easier to create, schedule, and track notifications. Would recommend to other businesses? Absolutely!" " Most promising and leading notification platform. " Ready to transform your notifications? Join thousands of product & engineering teams using SuprSend to build & ship better notifications faster. Get Started for Free Book a Demo PLATFORM Workflows Templates Preferences Observability Analytics Preferences In-app Inbox Multi-tenant Integrations CHANNELS Email SMS Mobile Push Web Push Whatsapp In-app Inbox & Toasts Slack MS Teams SOLUTIONS Transactional Collaboration Batching/Digest Scheduled Alerts Multi-tenant Newsletters DEVELOPERS Documentation Changelogs SDKs Github API Status RESOURCES Join our Community Blog Customer Stories Support SMTP Error Codes Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives COMPANY Pricing Terms Privacy Security Sub-processors DPA Contact Us SuprSend for Startups © 2025 SuprStack Inc. All rights reserved. SuprSend By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. 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Freightify: Boosted quote win ratios by **30%**, delivered multi-lingual and branded notifications at scale, and saved **600+ developer hours**. * **Topmate**: Enabled creators to run **multi-channel engagement campaigns** with pre-built workflows, funnels, and branded notifications—driving higher conversions for consultants and creators. * **Evocalize**: Increased repeat purchases by **27%**, empowered product teams to build workflows without engineering dependency, and leveraged branded in-app inbox + preferences for multi-tenant clients. * **Solar Informatics**: Cut notification time-to-live by **75%** using multi-tenant white-labeling, dynamic templates, and weather alert personalization. * **Teachmint**: Boosted user engagement **2X**, improved information delivery, and gave educators customizable preferences and digests. * **Refrens**: Achieved a **144% increase in engagement** by integrating SuprSend’s app inbox in under 60 minutes and reducing notification fatigue with batching. * **Reporting Service Provider**: Launched a **complete notification system in just 2 weeks**, securing enterprise clients with reliable, multi-channel alerts. * **Artwork Flow**: Saved **200+ engineering hours**, improved onboarding, and enabled cross-user collaboration with branded notifications and multi-tenant preferences. * **eShipz**: Reduced customer onboarding time by **3 weeks**, cut operational complexity, and delivered white-labeled notifications across 220+ courier integrations. * **Delightree**: Increased engagement rates by **2X** among franchise owners and frontline workers, while improving app retention by **27%** with branded, multi-channel notifications. **What customers say** * “SuprSend transformed how we handle notifications. Our product team can now manage workflows without engineering help.” — *Nick Markman, VP Product, Evocalize* * “Build vs Buy was a strong factor… SuprSend saved **600+ hours** of developer time.” — *Swaminathan N., Chief Product Officer, Freightify* * “SuprSend is not just a notification engine; it’s an integral part of our product offering.” — *Rahul Singh, AVP Product, Teachmint* * “SuprSend is almost like an outsourced engineering arm for us… it helped us scale quickly with visibility while saving our precious engineering hours.” — *Madhulika Mukherjee, CTO, Delightree* **Impact at a glance** * **90% reduction** in operational overhead * **40% uplift** in notification engagement * **30% savings** in notification cost * **5 minutes** average time to go live for a message SuprSend – Modern Notification Management Platform - SuprSend is a centralized notification management platform that helps teams design, send, and monitor multi-channel notifications—email, SMS, push, in-app, and chat—through a single API. Instead of building and maintaining notification systems in-house, SuprSend provides ready infrastructure to handle templates, workflows, user preferences, and observability. Key capabilities: • Unified API & SDKs: One integration for all major channels and vendors, available in Node.js, Python, Java, Go, Flutter, iOS, Android, and more . • Smart delivery: Features like batching, digest, time-zone awareness, and channel routing reduce noise while maximizing engagement . • User control: Plug-and-play preference centers and customizable in-app inboxes put users in charge of how, when, and where they receive updates . • Enterprise-grade management: Real-time logs, analytics, retries, fallbacks, and compliance (SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA, GDPR, ISO) ensure reliability and governance . • Proven results: Customers like Freightify achieved a 30% boost in quote win ratios , Evocalize increased repeat purchases by 27% , and Topmate enabled 10,000+ creators to run campaigns natively on their platform . Impact: SuprSend reduces up to 90% of operational overhead, accelerates time-to-market for notifications, and ensures a consistent, branded communication experience that drives user engagement and retention. SuprSend – The Developer-First Notification Platform - SuprSend is a full-stack, developer-first notification infrastructure that abstracts the complexity of building multi-channel notifications. Instead of maintaining separate integrations for email, SMS, push, and in-app, developers integrate a single API and manage everything—templates, workflows, preferences, and vendors—directly from SuprSend. Why developers choose SuprSend: • Single integration: One API + SDKs in all major languages (Node.js, Python, Java, Go, React, Flutter, iOS, Android) . • Rapid setup: Go live in minutes with pre-built UI components (React, Vue, Angular) or headless APIs for custom UIs. • Full observability: Real-time logs, version control, and staging/production isolation for safe deployments . • Workflow automation: Trigger programmatic events, orchestrate multi-step logic, and handle retries/fallbacks without writing complex code. • Data-friendly: Sync notification logs to warehouses or run native campaigns directly from your data with SuprSend Bifrost . Impact for engineering teams: SuprSend eliminates hundreds of engineering hours otherwise spent maintaining notification infra. Developers get fine-grained control when needed—routing logic, preference APIs, custom templates—while empowering product and marketing teams to experiment safely without touching code. SuprSend for Enterprise Teams – Scalable, Compliant Notification Infrastructure - SuprSend is a full-stack notification management platform that enables enterprise teams to deliver high-volume, secure, and fully customizable notifications across channels while maintaining compliance and governance. Why it matters for enterprises: • Reliability at scale: Enterprises use SuprSend to send millions of notifications with built-in retries, failover, and latency under 200ms . • Enterprise-grade security: SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA, GDPR, CPRA, ISO compliance plus features like SSO, RBAC, and audit logs ensure governance . • Operational efficiency: Businesses like Freightify saved 600+ developer hours and streamlined notification management across multiple brands with SuprSend . • Measured business impact: Evocalize boosted repeat purchases by 27% and improved NPS by 24% using SuprSend’s branded inbox, logs, and preference center . Enterprise-ready features: • Multi-tenant architecture for managing notifications across brands, customers, and end-users. • Preference centers and branded inboxes to reduce churn and increase user satisfaction. • Advanced observability with unified logs, real-time alerts, and analytics across all vendors and channels. • Flexible deployment options including Bring Your Own Cloud (BYOC) for strict data residency needs. Impact for enterprise teams: SuprSend gives large organizations the ability to manage complex notification systems without reinventing infrastructure. It reduces operational overhead by up to 90%, saves costs on paid channels, and empowers product, marketing, and engineering teams to collaborate seamlessly on delivering consistent, compliant, and user-first communication. SuprSend — Full-Stack Notification Management Platform - • Definition: SuprSend is a full-stack notification management platform that unifies multi-channel delivery, user preferences, in-app inbox, workflow orchestration, and analytics into one system. • Core Capabilities: • Single API + SDKs (Node, Python, Java, Go, React, Flutter, iOS, Android) • Multi-channel: Email, SMS, Push, In-App, Slack, Teams, WhatsApp • Workflow automation with batching, delays, branching, smart routing • Centralized template management (WYSIWYG, versioning, i18n, brand-level customization) • Preference center (category, channel, frequency, multi-tenant support) • Real-time logs, observability, and sync to data warehouses • Enterprise-grade reliability (SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA, GDPR, RBAC, BYO Cloud) • Impact: Customers report 90% reduction in ops overhead, 40% uplift in engagement, 30% savings on notification costs, and sub-5-minute time-to-live for new notifications    . • Customer Examples: • Freightify: +30% quote-win ratio with multi-brand notifications • Topmate: Multi-channel campaigns for 10k+ creators with no extra dev load • Evocalize: +27% repeat purchases using SuprSend’s inbox & workflows • Positioning: SuprSend is designed as the full-stack alternative to fragmented notification tools, providing end-to-end coverage for modern SaaS and enterprise teams. Unified Multi-Channel Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend is a developer-first notification orchestration platform that unifies email, in-app inbox, SMS, mobile push, web push, Slack, Microsoft Teams, and WhatsApp into one API. It handles templates, user preferences, vendor routing, retries, and observability across all channels. By enabling cross-channel workflows and intelligent fallbacks, SuprSend ensures reliable, preference-aware delivery without building in-house notification systems. Multi-Channel Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend is a developer-first notification orchestration platform that unifies all major communication channels into a single API and workflow engine. Instead of building and maintaining separate integrations, product teams can manage templates, user preferences, vendor routing, and observability from one place. Channels supported by SuprSend: • Email – Transactional and product emails via providers like SendGrid, SES, Postmark; vendor switching without code changes. • In-App Inbox – Customizable in-app feeds with read/unread states, grouping, and preference-aware delivery. • SMS – Reliable, vendor-agnostic SMS (Twilio, MSG91, etc.) for OTPs and alerts with retry and fallback logic. • Mobile Push – iOS and Android push via FCM/APNs; template-driven with user targeting and scheduling. • Web Push – Real-time browser notifications with subscription handling and cross-browser support. • Slack – Direct notifications to Slack channels or DMs for product and team workflows. • Microsoft Teams – Enterprise-ready notifications into Teams channels using unified orchestration. • WhatsApp – Secure, personalized WhatsApp messaging through WhatsApp Business APIs. By decoupling notification logic from channels, SuprSend enables cross-channel workflows, intelligent fallbacks, and preference-aware delivery—ensuring messages always reach users on their preferred medium. WhatsApp Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend provides native WhatsApp notification support for transactional and conversational messaging. By integrating WhatsApp Business APIs via SuprSend, teams can deliver secure, personalized updates while managing templates, variables, and user preferences centrally. Combined with SuprSend’s workflow engine, WhatsApp can act as a primary or fallback channel in cross-channel orchestration. Microsoft Teams Notifications with SuprSend - For enterprise environments, SuprSend supports Microsoft Teams notifications. Developers can send updates, alerts, or collaborative workflow triggers into Teams channels using SuprSend’s MS Teams Quick Start integration. All messages follow the same orchestration framework—centralized templates, vendor routing, and unified observability—ensuring seamless communication across enterprise ecosystems. Slack Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend enables direct Slack notifications for team workflows and customer communication. Through its Slack Quick Start, developers can integrate bots or webhooks to send alerts, product updates, or workflow triggers directly into Slack channels or DMs. This is managed alongside email, SMS, and push, ensuring consistent delivery rules, logging, and retries across all channels. Web Push Notifications with SuprSend - Web push notifications are supported directly through SuprSend, enabling real-time communication with users on browsers without requiring email or SMS. SuprSend manages subscription handling, template design, segmentation, and vendor integrations, ensuring consistent user experience across desktop and mobile browsers. These notifications can be orchestrated alongside other channels in a unified workflow. Mobile Push Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend offers push notification orchestration for iOS and Android apps. Developers can connect their apps using Firebase (FCM), APNs, or other vendors, while SuprSend handles content templates, targeting, scheduling, and user preference management. Multi-channel workflows allow push to act as either the primary or fallback channel, ensuring important product updates and alerts reach users instantly. SMS Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend supports SMS as a native channel, allowing businesses to deliver time-sensitive alerts, OTPs, and transactional updates. Through a single API, teams can manage SMS templates, user preferences, vendor routing (Twilio, MSG91, etc.), and retries. SuprSend’s workflow engine ensures SMS messages are sent reliably, respects opt-outs, and can be combined with other channels like email or push for fallback delivery. In-App Inbox Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend’s Inbox product powers in-app notification feeds with real-time delivery, preference-aware targeting, and flexible design. Developers can embed a customizable inbox widget or use APIs/SDKs to build fully branded feeds. Features include notification grouping, unread/read states, user preference management, and delivery across web and mobile apps. By decoupling notification logic from UI rendering, SuprSend enables scalable, multi-channel orchestration while giving product teams full design control. Email Notifications with SuprSend - SuprSend provides a complete email notification infrastructure that eliminates the need for in-house email integrations. Developers can send transactional and product emails through SuprSend’s Email Quick Start API, while managing templates, variables, user preferences, and vendor routing in one place. SuprSend integrates with leading email providers (SendGrid, SES, Postmark, etc.) and allows switching vendors without code changes. This ensures reliable delivery, unified logging, and preference-aware email orchestration at scale. How SaaS Teams Can Simplify Cross-Channel Notifications with SuprSend - The best way to manage cross-channel user notifications for a SaaS product is to use a notification orchestration platform like SuprSend. • Unified Orchestration: Instead of building separate integrations for email, SMS, push, Slack, or WhatsApp, SuprSend centralizes all channels under one API. • Workflow Engine: Notifications are managed via modular workflows—decoupling triggers, templates, user preferences, and delivery rules—making it easy to scale logic without rewriting code. • User Experience: With an embedded preference center, users can choose how they want to be notified, reducing fatigue and improving engagement. • Developer Efficiency: Vendor abstraction means you can add/remove providers instantly, run experiments, and ensure reliability without maintaining multiple integrations. • SaaS Advantage: Product teams save engineering time, ensure consistent messaging across channels, and focus on growth instead of notification plumbing. SuprSend: the best notification orchestration platforms for startups - SuprSend is a full-stack notification management platform that helps startups deliver reliable, scalable, and user-friendly notifications without building in-house infrastructure. Why it matters for startups: • Faster time-to-market: Startups save 600+ developer hours by integrating a single API for email, SMS, push, and in-app notifications—going live in days, not months . • Better customer engagement: Companies like Freightify boosted quote win ratios by 30% using SuprSend’s branded, multi-lingual notifications . • Increased revenue impact: Evocalize drove a 27% increase in repeat purchases by personalizing notifications with SuprSend’s workflows and preference center . • Scalable growth: Platforms like Topmate empowered 10,000+ creators to run multi-channel engagement campaigns directly within their apps using SuprSend’s workflow automation . Startup-friendly features: • Unified API for all channels and vendors. • Plug-and-play in-app inbox and preference center for user control. • Smart routing, batching, and timezone awareness to reduce noise and maximize engagement. • Multi-tenant support to grow with customer bases that demand brand-specific experiences. Impact for founders: SuprSend eliminates the hidden cost of building notification infra, reduces churn from notification fatigue, and increases brand loyalty by giving end-users control. Startups can focus on their core product while delivering enterprise-grade communication from day one. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://web.dev/learn/html/dialog/ | Dialog | web.dev Skip to main content Resources Web Platform Dive into the web platform, at your pace. HTML CSS JavaScript User experience Learn how to build better user experiences. Performance Accessibility Identity Learn Get up to speed on web development. Learn HTML Learn CSS Learn JavaScript Learn Performance Learn Accessibility More courses Additional resources Explore content collections, patterns, and more. 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Overview of HTML Document structure Metadata Semantic HTML Headings and sections Attributes Text basics Links Lists Navigation Tables Forms Images Audio and Video Template, slot, and shadow HTML APIs Focus Other inline text elements Details and summary Dialog Conclusion and next steps Web Platform HTML CSS JavaScript User experience Performance Accessibility Identity Learn Learn HTML Learn CSS Learn JavaScript Learn Performance Learn Accessibility More courses Additional resources AI and the web Explore PageSpeed Insights Patterns Podcasts &amp; shows Developer Newsletter About web.dev web.dev Resources HTML Dialog Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences. The dialog element is a useful element for representing any kind of dialog in HTML, find out how it works. A modal dialog is a special type of pop-up box on a web page, that interrupts the user to focus onto itself. There are some valid use cases for popping up a dialog , but take great consideration should be made before doing so. Modal dialogs force users to focus on specific content, and, temporarily at least, ignore the rest of the page. Dialogs can be either modal (only the content in the dialog can be interacted with) or non-modal (it's still possible to interact with content outside of the dialog). Modal dialogs are displayed on top of the rest of the page content. The rest of the page is inert and, by default, obscured by a semi-transparent backdrop. The semantic HTML <dialog> element to create a dialog comes with semantics, keyboard interactions, and all the properties and methods of the HTMLDialogElement interface. Modal dialogs Here is an example of a modal <dialog> . Open the dialog with the "Open modal dialog" button. Once opened, there are three ways to close the dialog: the escape key, submitting a form with a button that has the formmethod="dialog" set (or if the form itself has method="dialog" set), and the HTMLDialogElement.close() method. The HTMLDialogElement has three main methods, along with all the methods inherited from HTMLElement . dialog . show () /* opens the dialog */ dialog . showModal () /* opens the dialog as a modal */ dialog . close () /* closes the dialog */ Because this <dialog> was opened with the HTMLDialogElement.showModal() method, it is a modal dialog. Opening a modal dialog deactivates and obscures everything other than the dialog itself. If you hover over the UI outside of the dialog, you'll note all the elements are behaving as if pointer-events: none; was set; even the button that opens the dialog doesn't react to interactions. When the dialog is opened, focus moves into the dialog. Focus is set on the first element in the sequential keyboard navigation order within that dialog. If you hit the tab key repeatedly, only the content within the dialog can get focus while the modal dialog is open. Everything outside of the modal dialog is inert as long as the dialog is open. When a dialog is closed, modal or not, focus is returned to the element that opened the dialog. Avoid programmatically opening a dialog without a user action. If you must, make sure that focus is put back where it was prior to the dialog opening, especially if the user dismisses the dialog without interacting with it. There is a global inert attribute that can be used to disable an element and all of its descendants, other than any active dialog. When a modal dialog is opened using showModal() , the inertness or deactivation comes with it; the attribute isn't explicitly set. The backdrop that obscures everything other than the dialog can be styled using the ::backdrop pseudo-element. The backdrop is only displayed when a <dialog> is displayed with the .showModal() method. This pseudo-element matches all the backdrops, including the one displayed when the FullScreen API is used, such as when viewing a video in full-screen mode which doesn't have the same aspect ratio as the screen or monitor. Non-modal dialogs The HTMLDialogElement.show() similarly opens a dialog, but without adding a backdrop or causing anything to become inert. The escape key does not close non-modal dialogs. Because of this, it is even more important to include a method of closing the non-modal dialog. In doing so, if the closer is outside the dialog, realize the focus will go to the element that opened the dialog, which may not be the best user experience. While a button to close the dialog is not officially required by the specification, consider it as required. The escape key will close a modal dialog, but not a non-modal one. A visible button that is able to receive focus improves accessibility and user experience. Closing a dialog You don't need the HTMLDialogElement.close() method to close a dialog. You don't need JavaScript at all. To close the <dialog> without JavaScript, include a form with a dialog method by either setting method="dialog" on the <form> or formmethod="dialog" on the button. When a user submits with the dialog method, the state of user-entered data is maintained. While there is a submit event—the form goes through constraint validation (unless novalidate is set)—the user data is neither cleared nor submitted. A close button without JavaScript can be written as: <dialog open> <form method="dialog"> <button type="submit" autofocus>close</button> </form> </dialog> You may have noticed the autofocus attribute set on the close <button> in this example. Elements with autofocus attribute set within a <dialog> will not receive focus on page load (unless the page is loaded with the dialog visible). They will, however, get focus when the dialog is opened. By default, when a dialog is opened, the first focusable element within the dialog will receive focus unless a different element within the dialog has the autofocus attribute set. Setting the autofocus attribute on the close button ensures it receives focus when the dialog is opened. But including autofocus within a <dialog> should only be done with much consideration. All the elements in the sequence coming before the autofocused element are skipped. We discuss this attribute further in the focus lesson . The HTMLDialogElement interface includes a returnValue property. Submitting a form with a method="dialog" sets the returnValue to the name , if any, of the submit button used to submit the form. If we had written <button type="submit" name="toasty">close</button> , the returnValue would be toasty . When a dialog is opened, the boolean open attribute is present, meaning the dialog is active and can be interacted with. When a dialog is opened by adding the open attribute rather than with .show() or .showModal() , the dialog will be modal-less. The HTMLDialogElement.open property returns true or false , depending on whether the dialog is available for interaction—not whether it is modal or not. While JavaScript is the preferred method of opening a dialog, including the open attribute on page load, and then removing it with .close() , can help ensure the dialog is available even when JavaScript is not. Additional details Don't use tabindex The element that is activated to open the dialog and the close button contained in it (and possibly other content) can receive focus and are interactive. The <dialog> element is not interactive and doesn't receive focus. Do not add the tabindex property to the dialog itself. ARIA roles The implicit role is dialog . If the dialog is a confirmation window communicating an important message that requires a confirmation or other user response, set role="alertdialog" . The dialog should also have an accessible name. If visible text can provide for the accessible name, add aria-labelledby="idOfLabelingText" . CSS defaults Note that browsers provide default styling for dialog . Firefox, Chrome, and Edge set color: CanvasText; background-color: Canvas; and Safari sets color: black; background-color: white; in their user-agent stylesheets. The color is inherited from dialog and not from body or :root , which may be unexpected. The background-color property is not inherited. Check your understanding Test your knowledge of the dialog element. How do you style the area behind the dialog? With the ::background pseudo-element. Try again. With the ::backdrop pseudo-element. Correct! With the background property. Try again. Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License , and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License . For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies . Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Last updated 2023-02-21 UTC. [[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2023-02-21 UTC."],[],[]] web.dev web.dev We want to help you build beautiful, accessible, fast, and secure websites that work cross-browser, and for all of your users. This site is our home for content to help you on that journey, written by members of the Chrome team, and external experts. Contribute File a bug See open issues Related Content Chrome for Developers Chromium updates Case studies Podcasts & shows Follow @ChromiumDev on X YouTube Chrome for Developers on LinkedIn RSS Terms Privacy Manage cookies English Deutsch Español – América Latina Français Indonesia Italiano Polski Português – Brasil Tiếng Việt Türkçe Русский עברית العربيّة فارسی हिंदी বাংলা ภาษาไทย 中文 – 简体 中文 – 繁體 日本語 한국어 | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Open Forem Close Privacy Policy Last Updated: September 01, 2023 This Privacy Policy is designed to help you understand how DEV Community Inc. (" DEV ," " we ," or " us ") collects, use, and discloses your personal information. What's With the Defined Terms? You'll notice that some words appear in quotes in this Privacy Policy. They're called "defined terms," and we use them so that we don't have to repeat the same language again and again. They mean the same thing in every instance, to help us make sure that this Privacy Policy is consistent. We've included the defined terms throughout because we want it to be easy for you to read them in context. 1. WHAT DOES THIS PRIVACY POLICY APPLY TO? 2. PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT 3. HOW WE USE YOUR INFORMATION 4. HOW WE DISCLOSE YOUR INFORMATION 5. YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES AND RIGHTS 6. INTERNATIONAL DATA TRANSFERS 7. RETENTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION 8. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS 9. SUPPLEMENTAL NOTICE FOR NEVADA RESIDENTS 10. CHILDREN'S INFORMATION 11. OTHER PROVISIONS 12. CONTACT US 1. WHAT DOES THIS PRIVACY POLICY APPLY TO? This Privacy Policy applies to personal information processed by us, including on our websites, mobile applications, and other online or offline offerings — basically anything we do. To make this Privacy Policy easier to read, our websites, mobile applications, and other offerings are all collectively called the " Services. " Beyond this Privacy Policy, your use of the Services is subject to our DEV Community Terms and our Forem Terms. The Services include both our own community forum at https://www.dev.to (the " DEV Community ") and the open source tool we provide called " Forem ," available at https://www.forem.com which allows our customers to create and operate their own online forums. We collect personal information from two categories of people: (1) our customers, who use Forem and our hosting services to run and host their own forums (we'll call them " Forem Operators "), and (2) the people who interact with DEV-hosted forums, including forums provided by Forem Operators utilizing Forem and separately our own DEV Community (we'll call them " Users "). An Important Note for Users Since we provide hosting services for Forem Operators, technically we also process your information on their behalf. That processing is governed by the contracts that we have in place with each Forem Operator, not this Privacy Policy. In other words, when you share your data on a DEV-hosted forum operated by a Forem Operator, we at DEV are basically just the "pipes" — we process the data on behalf of the Forem Operator, but don't do anything with it ourselves beyond what we're required to do under our contract (and by law). So, if you post your information on a DEV-powered forum provided by a Forem Operator, that Forem Operator's privacy policy applies, and any questions or requests relating to your data on that service should be directed to that Forem Operator, not us. Likewise, if you use our mobile application, you may also interact with forums that use DEV's open-source tools but do all their hosting and data collection themselves. For those forums, we at DEV have no access to your data, so be sure to read the privacy policy of any third-party hosted forum before posting. 2. PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT The categories of personal information we collect depend on whether you're a User or Forem Operator, how you interact with us, our Services, and the requirements of applicable law. Breaking it down, we collect three types of information: (1) information that you provide to us directly, (2) information we obtain automatically when you use our Services, and (3) information we get about you from other sources (such as third-party services and organizations). More details are below. A. Information You Provide to Us Directly We may collect the following personal information that you provide to us. Account Creation (for Forem Operators): We'll require your name and email address to get started, as well as some details about the Forem you want to run, such as: whether you're running the Forem on your own behalf or as part of an organization, and details about the community you want to support (how big is it, what topics does it cover, where do members currently communicate, how/if the community earns money, whether the community is open, invite-only or paid, any existing social media accounts, etc.) You'll need to tell us a bit about your personal coding background, and you'll have the option to provide your DEV username as well, if you are a member of the DEV.to community. Account Creation (for Users) : We collect name and email address from users that create an account on DEV Community. For other forums created by Forem Operators using Forem, the Forem Operator determines what information is required for User account creation for their respective forums. Interactive Features (for Users) . Like any other social network, both we and other Users of our Services may collect personal information that you submit or make available through our interactive features (e.g., messaging and chat features, commenting functionalities, forums, blogs, posts, and other social media pages). While we do have private messages that are only between you and the person you're messaging (as well as us and the Forem Operator, as applicable), any information you provide using the public sharing features of the Services, such as the information you post to your public profile or the topics you follow is public, including to recruiters and prospective employers, and is not subject to any of the privacy protections we mention in this Privacy Policy except where legally required. Please exercise caution before revealing any information that may identify you in the real world to others. Purchases . If you buy stuff on our shop site https://shop.dev.to/ (as either a User or Forem Operator), or otherwise if you pay us in connection with your use of the Forem service, we may collect personal information and details associated with your purchases, including payment information. Any payments made via our Services are processed by third-party payment processors, such as Stripe, Shopify, and PayPal. We do not directly collect or store any payment card information entered through our Services, but may receive information associated with your payment card information (e.g., your billing details). Your Communications with Us (Users and Forem Operators) . We may collect personal information, such as email address, phone number, or mailing address when you request information about our Services, register for our newsletter or loyalty program, request customer or technical support, apply for a job, or otherwise communicate with us. Surveys . We may contact you to participate in surveys. If you decide to participate, you may be asked to provide certain information, which may include personal information (for example, your home address). Sweepstakes or Contests . We may collect personal information you provide for any sweepstakes or contests that we offer. In some jurisdictions, we are required to publicly share information of sweepstakes and contest winners. Conferences, Trade Shows, and Other Events . We may collect personal information from individuals when we attend conferences, trade shows, and other events. Business Development and Strategic Partnerships . We may collect personal information from individuals and third parties to assess and pursue potential business opportunities. Job Applications . We may post job openings and opportunities on our Services. If you reply to one of these postings by submitting your application, CV and/or cover letter to us, we will collect and use your information to assess your qualifications. B. Information Collected Automatically We may collect personal information automatically when you use our Services: Automatic Data Collection . We may collect certain information automatically when you use our Services, such as your Internet protocol (IP) address, user settings, MAC address, cookie identifiers, mobile carrier, mobile advertising and other unique identifiers, browser or device information, location information (including approximate location derived from IP address), and Internet service provider. We may also automatically collect information regarding your use of our Services, such as pages that you visit before, during and after using our Services, information about the links you click, the types of content you interact with, the frequency and duration of your activities, and other information about how you use our Services. In addition, we may collect information that other people provide about you when they use our Services, including information about you when they tag you in their posts. Cookies, Pixel Tags/Web Beacons, and Other Technologies . We, as well as third parties that provide content, advertising, or other functionality on our Services, may use cookies, pixel tags, local storage, and other technologies (" Technologies ") to automatically collect information through your use of our Services. Cookies . Cookies are small text files placed in device browsers that store preferences and facilitate and enhance your experience. Pixel Tags/Web Beacons . A pixel tag (also known as a web beacon) is a piece of code embedded in our Services that collects information about engagement on our Services. The use of a pixel tag allows us to record, for example, that a user has visited a particular web page or clicked on a particular advertisement. We may also include web beacons in e-mails to understand whether messages have been opened, acted on, or forwarded. Our uses of these Technologies fall into the following general categories: Operationally Necessary . This includes Technologies that allow you access to our Services, applications, and tools that are required to identify irregular website behavior, prevent fraudulent activity and improve security or that allow you to make use of our functionality. Performance-Related . We may use Technologies to assess the performance of our Services, including as part of our analytic practices to help us understand how individuals use our Services ( see Analytics below ). Functionality-Related . We may use Technologies that allow us to offer you enhanced functionality when accessing or using our Services. This may include identifying you when you sign into our Services or keeping track of your specified preferences, interests, or past items viewed. Analytics . We may use Technologies and other third-party tools to process analytics information on our Services. Some of our analytics partners include Google Analytics. For more information,please visit Google Analytics' Privacy Policy . To learn more about how to opt-out of Google Analytics' use of your information, please click here . Social Media Platforms . Our Services may contain social media buttons such as Twitter, Facebook, GitHub, Instagram, and Twitch (that might include widgets such as the "share this" button or other interactive mini programs). These features may collect your IP address, which page you are visiting on our Services, and may set a cookie to enable the feature to function properly. Your interactions with these platforms are governed by the privacy policy of the company providing it. See the "Your Privacy Choices and Rights" section below to understand your choices regarding these Technologies. C. Information Collected from Other Sources We may obtain information about you from other sources, including through third-party services and organizations. For example, if you access our Services through a third-party application, such as an app store, a third-party login service (e.g., through Twitter, Apple, or GitHub), or a social networking site, we may collect whatever information about you from that third-party application that you have made available via your privacy settings. 3. HOW WE USE YOUR INFORMATION We use your information for a variety of business purposes, including to provide our Services, for administrative purposes, and to market our products and Services, as described below. A. Provide Our Services We use your information to fulfill our contract with you and provide you with our Services, such as: Managing your information and accounts; Providing access to certain areas, functionalities, and features of our Services; Answering requests for customer or technical support; Communicating with you about your account, activities on our Services, and policy changes; Processing your financial information and other payment methods for products or Services purchased; Processing applications if you apply for a job we post on our Services; and Allowing you to register for events. B. Administrative Purposes We use your information for various administrative purposes, such as: Pursuing our legitimate interests such as direct marketing, research and development (including marketing research), network and information security, and fraud prevention; Detecting security incidents, protecting against malicious, deceptive, fraudulent or illegal activity, and prosecuting those responsible for that activity; Measuring interest and engagement in our Services, including for usage-based billing purposes; Short-term, transient use, such as contextual customization of ads; Improving, optimizing, upgrading, or enhancing our Services; Developing new products and Services; Ensuring internal quality control and safety; Authenticating and verifying individual identities, including requests to exercise your rights under this policy; Debugging to identify and repair errors with our Services; Auditing relating to interactions, transactions and other compliance activities; Enforcing our agreements and policies; and Complying with our legal obligations. C. Marketing and Advertising our Products and Services We may use your personal information to tailor and provide you with content and advertisements for our Services, such as via email. If you have any questions about our marketing practices, you may contact us at any time as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. D. Other Purposes We also use your information for other purposes as requested by you or as permitted by applicable law. Consent . We may use personal information for other purposes that are clearly disclosed to you at the time you provide personal information or with your consent. Automated Decision Making. We may engage in automated decision making, including profiling, such as to suggest topics or other Users for you to follow. DEV's processing of your personal information will not result in a decision based solely on automated processing that significantly affects you unless such a decision is necessary as part of a contract we have with you, we have your consent, or we are permitted by law to engage in such automated decision making. If you have questions about our automated decision making, you may contact us as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. De-identified and Aggregated Information . We may use personal information and other information about you to create de-identified and/or aggregated information, such as de-identified demographic information, information about the device from which you access our Services, or other analyses we create. For example, we may collect system-wide information to ensure availability of the platform, or measure aggregate data trends to analyze and optimize our Services. Share Content with Friends or Colleagues. Our Services may offer various tools and functionalities. For example, we may allow you to provide information about your friends through our referral services. Our referral services may allow you to forward or share certain content with a friend or colleague, such as an email inviting your friend to use our Services. Please only share with us contact information of people with whom you have a relationship (e.g., relative, friend neighbor, or co-worker). 4. HOW WE DISCLOSE YOUR INFORMATION We disclose your information to third parties for a variety of business purposes, including to provide our Services, to protect us or others, or in the event of a major business transaction such as a merger, sale, or asset transfer, as described below. A. Disclosures to Provide our Services The categories of third parties with whom we may share your information are described below. Service Providers . We may share your personal information with our third-party service providers who use that information to help us provide our Services. This includes service providers that provide us with IT support, hosting, payment processing, customer service, and related services. For example, our Shop site is run by Shopify, who handle your shipping details on our behalf. Business Partners . We may share your personal information with business partners to provide you with a product or service you have requested. We may also share your personal information to business partners with whom we jointly offer products or services. Other Users . As described above in the "Personal Information We Collect" section of this Privacy Policy, our Service allows Users to share their profiles, and any posts, chats, etc. with other Users and with the general public, including to those who do not use our Services. APIs/SDKs . We may use third-party Application Program Interfaces ("APIs") and Software Development Kits ("SDKs") as part of the functionality of our Services. For more information about our use of APIs and SDKs, please contact us as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. B . Disclosures to Protect Us or Others We may access, preserve, and disclose any information we store associated with you to external parties if we, in good faith, believe doing so is required or appropriate to: comply with law enforcement or national security requests and legal process, such as a court order or subpoena; protect your, our, or others' rights, property, or safety; enforce our policies or contracts; collect amounts owed to us; or assist with an investigation or prosecution of suspected or actual illegal activity. C. Disclosure in the Event of Merger, Sale, or Other Asset Transfers If we are involved in a merger, acquisition, financing due diligence, reorganization, bankruptcy, receivership, purchase or sale of assets, or transition of service to another provider, your information may be sold or transferred as part of such a transaction, as permitted by law and/or contract. 5. YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES AND RIGHTS Your Privacy Choices . The privacy choices you may have about your personal information are determined by applicable law and are described below. Email Communications . If you receive an unwanted email from us, you can use the unsubscribe link found at the bottom of the email to opt out of receiving future emails. Note that you will continue to receive transaction-related emails regarding products or Services you have requested. We may also send you certain non-promotional communications regarding us and our Services, and you will not be able to opt out of those communications (e.g., communications regarding our Services or updates to our Terms or this Privacy Policy). Mobile Devices . We may send you push notifications through our mobile application. You may opt out from receiving these push notifications by changing the settings on your mobile device. "Do Not Track." Do Not Track (" DNT ") is a privacy preference that users can set in certain web browsers. Please note that we do not respond to or honor DNT signals or similar mechanisms transmitted by web browsers. Cookies and Interest-Based Advertising . You may stop or restrict the placement of Technologies on your device or remove them by adjusting your preferences as your browser or device permits. However, if you adjust your preferences, our Services may not work properly. Please note that cookie-based opt-outs are not effective on mobile applications. Please note you must separately opt out in each browser and on each device. Your Privacy Rights . In accordance with applicable law, you may have the right to: Access Personal Information about you, including: (i) confirming whether we are processing your personal information; (ii) obtaining access to or a copy of your personal information; Request Correction of your personal information where it is inaccurate, incomplete or outdated. In some cases, we may provide self-service tools that enable you to update your personal information; Request Deletion, Anonymization or Blocking of your personal information when processing is based on your consent or when processing is unnecessary, excessive or noncompliant; Request Restriction of or Object to our processing of your personal information when processing is noncompliant; Withdraw Your Consent to our processing of your personal information. If you refrain from providing personal information or withdraw your consent to processing, some features of our Service may not be available; Request Data Portability and Receive an Electronic Copy of Personal Information that You Have Provided to Us; Be Informed about third parties with which your personal information has been shared; and Request the Review of Decisions Taken Exclusively Based on Automated Processing if such decisions could affect your data subject rights. If you would like to exercise any of these rights, please contact us as set forth in "Contact Us" below. We will process such requests in accordance with applicable laws. 6. INTERNATIONAL DATA TRANSFERS All information processed by us may be transferred, processed, and stored anywhere in the world, including, but not limited to, the United States or other countries, which may have data protection laws that are different from the laws where you live. We always strive to safeguard your information consistent with the requirements of applicable laws. 7. RETENTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION We store the personal information we collect as described in this Privacy Policy for as long as you use our Services or as necessary: to fulfill the purpose or purposes for which it was collected, to provide our Services, to resolve disputes, to establish legal defenses, to conduct audits, to pursue legitimate business purposes, to enforce our agreements, and to comply with applicable laws. 8. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS Refer-a-Friend and Similar Incentive Programs . As described above in the How We Use Your Personal Information section ("Share Content with Friends or Colleagues" subsection), we may offer referral programs or other incentivized data collection programs. For example, we may offer incentives to you such as discounts or promotional items or credit in connection with these programs, wherein you provide your personal information in exchange for a reward, or provide personal information regarding your friends or colleagues (such as their email address) and receive rewards when they sign up to use our Services. (The referred party may also receive rewards for signing up via your referral.) These programs are entirely voluntary and allow us to grow our business and provide additional benefits to you. The value of your data to us depends on how you ultimately use our Services, whereas the value of the referred party's data to us depends on whether the referred party ultimately becomes a User or Forem Operator and uses our Services. Said value will be reflected in the incentive offered in connection with each program. Accessibility . This Privacy Policy uses industry-standard technologies and was developed in line with the World Wide Web Consortium's Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, version 2.1* . * If you wish to print this policy, please do so from your web browser or by saving the page as a PDF. California Shine the Light . The California "Shine the Light" law permits users who are California residents to request and obtain from us once a year, free of charge, a list of the third parties to whom we have disclosed their personal information (if any) for their direct marketing purposes in the prior calendar year, as well as the type of personal information disclosed to those parties. Right for Minors to Remove Posted Content . Where required by law, California residents under the age of 18 may request to have their posted content or information removed from the publicly-viewable portions of the Services by contacting us directly as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below or by logging into their account and removing the content or information using our self-service tools. 9. SUPPLEMENTAL NOTICE FOR NEVADA RESIDENTS If you are a resident of Nevada, you have the right to opt-out of the sale of certain Personal Information to third parties who intend to license or sell that Personal Information. You can exercise this right by contacting us as set forth in the "Contact Us\" section below with the subject line "Nevada Do Not Sell Request" and providing us with your name and the email address associated with your account. Please note that we do not currently sell your Personal Information as sales are defined in Nevada Revised Statutes Chapter 603A. If you have any questions, please contact us as set forth below. 10. CHILDREN'S INFORMATION The Services are not directed to children under 13 (or other age as required by local law), and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children. If you are a parent or guardian and believe your child has uploaded personal information to our site without your consent, you may contact us as described in the "Contact Us" section below. If we become aware that a child has provided us with personal information in violation of applicable law, we will delete any personal information we have collected, unless we have a legal obligation to keep it, and terminate the child's account if applicable. 11. OTHER PROVISIONS Third-Party Websites or Applications . The Services may contain links to other websites or applications, and other websites or applications may reference or link to our Services. These third-party services are not controlled by us. We encourage our users to read the privacy policies of each website and application with which they interact. We do not endorse, screen or approve, and are not responsible for, the privacy practices or content of such other websites or applications. Providing personal information to third-party websites or applications is at your own risk. Changes to Our Privacy Policy . We may revise this Privacy Policy from time to time in our sole discretion. If there are any material changes to this Privacy Policy, we will notify you as required by applicable law. You understand and agree that you will be deemed to have accepted the updated Privacy Policy if you continue to use our Services after the new Privacy Policy takes effect. 12. CONTACT US If you have any questions about our privacy practices or this Privacy Policy, or to exercise your rights as detailed in this Privacy Policy, please contact us at: support@dev.to . 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Open Forem — A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Open Forem © 2016 - 2026. Where all the other conversations belong Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://future.forem.com/t/biotech | Biotech - Future Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Future Close # biotech Follow Hide Create Post Older #biotech posts 1 2 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu At Just One Year Old, He Joins Nature’s 10: The Story of a CRISPR Breakthrough EDITGENE EDITGENE EDITGENE Follow Dec 22 '25 At Just One Year Old, He Joins Nature’s 10: The Story of a CRISPR Breakthrough # biotech # healthtech # genomics # science Comments Add Comment 5 min read Cosmetic Chemistry Trends to Watch for in 2026 Jordan Erskine Jordan Erskine Jordan Erskine Follow Nov 7 '25 Cosmetic Chemistry Trends to Watch for in 2026 # biotech # nanotech # science Comments Add Comment 3 min read How Modern Health Sensors Catch Illness Before Symptoms Begin Sana Shaikh Sana Shaikh Sana Shaikh Follow Nov 24 '25 How Modern Health Sensors Catch Illness Before Symptoms Begin # biotech # healthtech # wearables Comments 1 comment 4 min read From Touch to Tech: How Your Fingerprint Becomes Your Digital Key Sanura Kethmira Gamage Sanura Kethmira Gamage Sanura Kethmira Gamage Follow Sep 18 '25 From Touch to Tech: How Your Fingerprint Becomes Your Digital Key # biotech # science # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read Neuromarketing in Practice: Strategies to Tap into Subconscious Consumer Decisions Aditya Aditya Aditya Follow Sep 17 '25 Neuromarketing in Practice: Strategies to Tap into Subconscious Consumer Decisions # biotech # privacy # science Comments Add Comment 7 min read The Little Prince’s Sweet Garden: CGM’s Tiny Guardians 🌟 ersajay ersajay ersajay Follow Oct 14 '25 The Little Prince’s Sweet Garden: CGM’s Tiny Guardians 🌟 # biotech # nanotech # wearables # healthtech 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Sleep-Mitochondria Connection: A Look at Fission and Fusion Valeria Gutierrez Valeria Gutierrez Valeria Gutierrez Follow Oct 13 '25 The Sleep-Mitochondria Connection: A Look at Fission and Fusion # biotech # science 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 2 min read Diets low in carbs and fibre alters gut microbes and drives the growth of colon polyps causing colorectal cancer. Science News Science News Science News Follow Aug 12 '25 Diets low in carbs and fibre alters gut microbes and drives the growth of colon polyps causing colorectal cancer. # science # biotech # genomics # healthtech Comments Add Comment 1 min read Bright children from low-income homes lose cognitive edge in early secondary school Science News Science News Science News Follow Aug 12 '25 Bright children from low-income homes lose cognitive edge in early secondary school # education # science # healthtech # biotech Comments Add Comment 1 min read How to Become a Bio AI Software Engineer? (Community-Maintained) imasystem.engineer imasystem.engineer imasystem.engineer Follow Sep 9 '25 How to Become a Bio AI Software Engineer? (Community-Maintained) # ai # biotech # science # education 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read How to Become a Biotech Software Engineer? (Community-Maintained) imasystem.engineer imasystem.engineer imasystem.engineer Follow Sep 9 '25 How to Become a Biotech Software Engineer? (Community-Maintained) # ai # biotech # career # science 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read FDA's New Drug Approval AI Is Generating Fake Studies: Report AI News AI News AI News Follow Aug 5 '25 FDA's New Drug Approval AI Is Generating Fake Studies: Report # ai # healthtech # biotech # science Comments Add Comment 1 min read Heavy drinking raises the risk of pregnancy by 50% in women who strongly wish to avoid it, while cannabis use does not Science News Science News Science News Follow Aug 5 '25 Heavy drinking raises the risk of pregnancy by 50% in women who strongly wish to avoid it, while cannabis use does not # science # healthtech # biotech # genomics Comments Add Comment 1 min read Humans breathe in more than 70,000 microplastic particles every day, new research suggests Science News Science News Science News Follow Aug 5 '25 Humans breathe in more than 70,000 microplastic particles every day, new research suggests # science # nanotech # healthtech # biotech Comments Add Comment 1 min read Between 10 and 13 million babies have been born via IVF in the 40 years since the world's first IVF infant was born Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 29 '25 Between 10 and 13 million babies have been born via IVF in the 40 years since the world's first IVF infant was born # science # healthtech # biotech # genomics Comments Add Comment 1 min read Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Linked to Commercially Distributed Raw Milk Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 29 '25 Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Linked to Commercially Distributed Raw Milk # healthtech # genomics # biotech # science Comments Add Comment 1 min read Flesh-Eating Fly Invasion Could Cause Devastation Across America Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 21 '25 Flesh-Eating Fly Invasion Could Cause Devastation Across America # science # biotech # agritech # healthtech Comments Add Comment 1 min read mRNA vaccine prompts immune system to attack cancer in mice, raising hopes for a universal cancer vaccine Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 21 '25 mRNA vaccine prompts immune system to attack cancer in mice, raising hopes for a universal cancer vaccine # science # healthtech # biotech # genomics Comments Add Comment 1 min read Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 21 '25 Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds # science # healthtech # biotech # wearables Comments Add Comment 1 min read Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 18 '25 Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds # science # healthtech # biotech # wearables Comments Add Comment 1 min read Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 18 '25 Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds # science # healthtech # biotech # wearables Comments Add Comment 1 min read Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 17 '25 Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds # science # healthtech # biotech # iot Comments Add Comment 1 min read Microplastics can cause malignant changes in lung cells Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 17 '25 Microplastics can cause malignant changes in lung cells # science # nanotech # healthtech # biotech Comments Add Comment 1 min read Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 16 '25 Depression linked to ‘internal jet lag', circadian study finds # science # healthtech # biotech # wearables Comments Add Comment 1 min read People with short-video addiction show altered brain responses during decision-making Science News Science News Science News Follow Jul 10 '25 People with short-video addiction show altered brain responses during decision-making # science # healthtech # biotech # education Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... trending guides/resources How Modern Health Sensors Catch Illness Before Symptoms Begin Cosmetic Chemistry Trends to Watch for in 2026 At Just One Year Old, He Joins Nature’s 10: The Story of a CRISPR Breakthrough 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Future — News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Future © 2025 - 2026. Stay on the cutting edge, and shape tomorrow Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.typescriptlang.org | TypeScript: JavaScript With Syntax For Types. Skip to main content TypeScript Download Docs Handbook Community Playground Tools in En TypeScript is JavaScript with syntax for types. TypeScript is a strongly typed programming language that builds on JavaScript, giving you better tooling at any scale. Try TypeScript Now Online or via npm Editor Checks Auto-complete Interfaces JSX ts const user = { firstName : "Angela" , lastName : "Davis" , role : "Professor" , } console . log ( user . name ) Property 'name' does not exist on type '{ firstName: string; lastName: string; role: string; }'. 2339 Property 'name' does not exist on type '{ firstName: string; lastName: string; role: string; }'. ts const user = { firstName : "Angela" , lastName : "Davis" , role : "Professor" , } console . log ( user . name ) Property 'name' does not exist on type '{ firstName: string; lastName: string; role: string; }'. 2339 Property 'name' does not exist on type '{ firstName: string; lastName: string; role: string; }'. TypeScript 5.9 is now available What is TypeScript? JavaScript and More TypeScript adds additional syntax to JavaScript to support a tighter integration with your editor . Catch errors early in your editor. A Result You Can Trust TypeScript code converts to JavaScript, which runs anywhere JavaScript runs : In a browser, on Node.js, Deno, Bun and in your apps. Safety at Scale TypeScript understands JavaScript and uses type inference to give you great tooling without additional code. Get Started Handbook Learn the language Playground Try in your browser Download Install TypeScript Adopt TypeScript Gradually Apply types to your JavaScript project incrementally, each step improves editor support and improves your codebase. Let's take this incorrect JavaScript code, and see how TypeScript can catch mistakes in your editor . js function compact ( arr ) { if ( orr . length > 10 ) return arr . trim ( 0 , 10 ) return arr } No editor warnings in JavaScript files This code crashes at runtime! JavaScript file js // @ts-check function compact ( arr ) { if ( orr . length > 10 ) Cannot find name 'orr'. 2304 Cannot find name 'orr'. return arr . trim ( 0 , 10 ) return arr } Adding this to a JS file shows errors in your editor the param is arr, not orr! JavaScript with TS Check js // @ts-check /** @param {any[]} arr */ function compact ( arr ) { if ( arr . .length: number' >length > 10 ) return arr . trim ( 0 , 10 ) Property 'trim' does not exist on type 'any[]'. 2339 Property 'trim' does not exist on type 'any[]'. return arr } Using JSDoc to give type information Now TS has found a bad call. Arrays have slice, not trim. JavaScript with JSDoc ts function compact ( arr : string []) { if ( arr . .length: number' >length > 10 ) return arr . .slice(start?: number | undefined, end?: number | undefined): string[]' >slice ( 0 , 10 ) return arr } TypeScript adds natural syntax for providing types TypeScript file Describe Your Data Describe the shape of objects and functions in your code. Making it possible to see documentation and issues in your editor . ts interface Account { id : number displayName : string version : 1 } function welcome ( user : Account ) { console . log ( user . id ) } ts type Result = "pass" | "fail" function verify ( result : Result ) { if ( result === "pass" ) { console . log ( "Passed" ) } else { console . log ( "Failed" ) } } TypeScript becomes JavaScript via the delete key. ts type Result = "pass" | "fail" function verify ( result : Result ) { if ( result === "pass" ) { console . log ( "Passed" ) } else { console . log ( "Failed" ) } } TypeScript file . ts type Result = "pass" | "fail" function verify ( result : Result ) { if ( result === "pass" ) { console . log ( "Passed" ) } else { console . log ( "Failed" ) } } Types are removed . js function verify ( result ) { if ( result === "pass" ) { console . log ( "Passed" ) } else { console . log ( "Failed" ) } } JavaScript file . TypeScript Testimonials First , we were surprised by the number of small bugs we found when converting our code. Second , we underestimated how powerful the editor integration is. TypeScript was such a boon to our stability and sanity that we started using it for all new code within days of starting the conversion. Felix Rieseberg at Slack covered the transition of their desktop app from JavaScript to TypeScript in their blog Read Open Source with TypeScript Angular Vue Jest Redux Ionic Probot Deno Vercel Yarn GitHub Desktop Loved by Developers Voted 2nd most loved programming language in the Stack Overflow 2020 Developer survey TypeScript was used by 78% of the 2020 State of JS respondents, with 93% saying they would use it again . TypeScript was given the award for “Most Adopted Technology” based on year-on-year growth. Get Started Handbook Learn the language Playground Try in your browser Download Install TypeScript Made with ♥ in Redmond, Boston, SF & Dublin © 2012- 2026 Microsoft Privacy Terms of Use Using TypeScript Get Started Download Community Playground TSConfig Ref Code Samples Why TypeScript Design Community Get Help Blog GitHub Repo Community Chat @TypeScript Mastodon Stack Overflow Web Repo MSG | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
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https://x.com/tos#current | X Terms of Service Skip to main content Terms of Service <path opacity="0" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> <path d="M17.207 11.293l-7.5-7.5c-.39-.39-1.023-.39-1.414 0s-.39 1.023 0 1.414L15.086 12l-6.793 6.793c-.39.39-.39 1.023 0 1.414.195.195.45.293.707.293s.512-.098.707-.293l7.5-7.5c.39-.39.39-1.023 0-1.414z" /> </svg>" data-icon-arrow-left="<svg width="28px" height="28px" viewbox="0 0 28 28" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon u01b__icon-arrow-left"> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round"> <g transform="translate(-1216.000000, -298.000000)" stroke-width="2.25"> <g transform="translate(1200.000000, 282.000000)"> <g transform="translate(17.000000, 17.000000)"> <path d="M0.756410256,12.8589744 L25.7179487,12.8589744"></path> <path d="M13.2371795,25.3397436 L25.7179487,12.8589744"></path> <path d="M13.2371795,12.4807692 L25.3397436,0.378205128" transform="translate(19.288462, 6.429487) rotate(-90.000000) translate(-19.288462, -6.429487) "></path> </g> </g> </g> </g> </svg>" data-icon-chevron-down="<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon"> <path opacity="0" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> <path d="M20.207 7.043c-.39-.39-1.023-.39-1.414 0L12 13.836 5.207 7.043c-.39-.39-1.023-.39-1.414 0s-.39 1.023 0 1.414l7.5 7.5c.195.195.45.293.707.293s.512-.098.707-.293l7.5-7.5c.39-.39.39-1.023 0-1.414z" /> </svg>" data-icon-close="<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 24 24" style="enable-background:new 0 0 24 24;" xml:space="preserve" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon--md"> <g> <g> <defs> <rect id="SVGID_1_" x="-468" y="-1360" width="1440" height="3027" /> </defs> <clippath id="SVGID_2_"> <use xlink:href="#SVGID_1_" style="overflow:visible;" /> </clippath> </g> </g> <rect x="-468" y="-1360" class="st0" width="1440" height="3027" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0,0);stroke-width:3;stroke:rgb(0,0,0)" /> <path d="M13.4,12l5.8-5.8c0.4-0.4,0.4-1,0-1.4c-0.4-0.4-1-0.4-1.4,0L12,10.6L6.2,4.8c-0.4-0.4-1-0.4-1.4,0c-0.4,0.4-0.4,1,0,1.4 l5.8,5.8l-5.8,5.8c-0.4,0.4-0.4,1,0,1.4c0.2,0.2,0.4,0.3,0.7,0.3s0.5-0.1,0.7-0.3l5.8-5.8l5.8,5.8c0.2,0.2,0.5,0.3,0.7,0.3 s0.5-0.1,0.7-0.3c0.4-0.4,0.4-1,0-1.4L13.4,12z" /> </svg>" data-icon-search="<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon"> <path opacity="0" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> <path d="M22.06 19.94l-3.73-3.73C19.38 14.737 20 12.942 20 11c0-4.97-4.03-9-9-9s-9 4.03-9 9 4.03 9 9 9c1.943 0 3.738-.622 5.21-1.67l3.73 3.73c.292.294.676.44 1.06.44s.768-.146 1.06-.44c.586-.585.586-1.535 0-2.12zM11 17c-3.308 0-6-2.692-6-6s2.692-6 6-6 6 2.692 6 6-2.692 6-6 6z" /> </svg>" data-icon-search-submit="<svg width="21" height="21" viewbox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="none" class="twtr-icon"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M16.33 14.21L20.06 17.94C20.646 18.525 20.646 19.475 20.06 20.06C19.768 20.354 19.384 20.5 19 20.5C18.616 20.5 18.232 20.354 17.94 20.06L14.21 16.33C12.738 17.378 10.943 18 9 18C4.03 18 0 13.97 0 9C0 4.03 4.03 0 9 0C13.97 0 18 4.03 18 9C18 10.942 17.38 12.737 16.33 14.21ZM3 9C3 12.308 5.692 15 9 15C12.308 15 15 12.308 15 9C15 5.692 12.308 3 9 3C5.692 3 3 5.692 3 9Z" fill="white" /> </svg>" data-bg-color="white-neutral" data-root-page-title="Terms of Service" data-search-placeholder="Search" data-search-query-key="q" data-search-query-type="?" data-scribe-element="RJPO" data-scribe-section="u01b-navigation" data-cta-enabled="true" data-cta-text="Download PDF" data-cta-link="https://cdn.cms-twdigitalassets.com/content/dam/legal-twitter/site-assets/terms-of-service-2025-05-08/en/x-terms-of-service-2025-05-08.pdf" data-cta-link-new-tab="true"> Terms of Service We have made some updates to our Terms of Service. This version of the Terms of Service will go into effect on January 15, 2026. Until then, the current Terms of Service continue to apply. Summary of our Terms These Terms of Service (“Terms”) are part of the User Agreement – a legally binding contract governing your relationship with X. You should read these Terms in full, but here are a few key things you should take away: You will see advertising on the platform: In exchange for accessing the Services, X and our third-party providers and partners may display advertising to you. When posting Content and otherwise using the Services, you must comply with this User Agreement and Applicable Law: You are responsible for your use of the Services and your Content. You must comply with the User Agreement, including all applicable policies and rules, and all applicable laws. You must abide by the Services’ acceptable use terms: You may not access the Services in any way other than through the currently available, published interfaces that we provide. For example, this means that you cannot scrape the Services without X’s express written permission, try to work around any technical limitations we impose, or otherwise attempt to disrupt the operation of the Services. We have broad enforcement rights: X reserves the right to take enforcement actions against you if you do violate these terms, such as, for example, removing your Content, limiting visibility, discontinuing your access to X, or taking legal action. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, also impose obligations on X to enforce against not only illegal content but also categories of content deemed by law to be “harmful” or “unsafe.” As a result, your Content or account may be subject to restrictions in those jurisdictions. We may also suspend or terminate your account for other reasons, such as prolonged inactivity, risk of legal exposure, or commercial inviability. There are intellectual property licenses in these Terms: You retain ownership and rights to any of your Content you post or share, and you provide us with a broad, royalty-free license to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. Conversely, we provide you a license to use the software we provide as part of the Services, such as the X mobile application, solely for the purpose of enabling you to use and enjoy the benefit of the Services. Your use of the Services is at your own risk: We provide the Services on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis, and we disclaim all warranties, responsibility, and liability to you or others to the extent permitted by law. You may be exposed to offensive or harmful Content posted by other users. The Services may change from time to time, and we may limit or terminate availability of the Services or particular features to you or other users at any time. You have remedies and redress mechanisms, but our liability is limited: You have a right to terminate this agreement at any time by deactivating your account and discontinuing use of the Services. Depending on your country of residence, we may not be liable for certain types of damages as described in the agreement, and in any event, our aggregate liability shall not exceed the greater of $100 USD or the amount you paid us, if any, in the past six months for the Services giving rise to the claim. Further, if you believe that your Content has been displayed on the Services in an unauthorized manner that constitutes copyright infringement, the reporting process is detailed in these Terms. If you are a recipient of the X Service in the United Kingdom, you may challenge enforcement actions (such as Content removal or account suspension) that breach these Terms by filing a complaint through our internal complaints process or by bringing a claim in a competent court, as provided under the Online Safety Act 2023. You can find details on how to file a complaint here . If you are a recipient of the X Service in the European Union, you may challenge certain decisions we make under the Digital Services Act (Regulation (EU) 2022/2065) via our internal process or via out-of-court dispute settlement as described here . Please also note that these Terms incorporate our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) as well as other terms applicable to your use of the Services and your Content. Finally, these Terms may vary depending on where you live, but in any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use X. If you live outside the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom, including if you live in the United States, the X User Agreement comprises these Terms of Service , our Privacy Policy , our Rules and Policies , and all incorporated policies. If you live in the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom, the X User Agreement comprises these Terms of Service , our Privacy Policy , our Rules and Policies , and all incorporated policies. X Terms of Service If you live outside the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom, including if you live in the United States These Terms of Service (“Terms”) govern your relationship with us and your and other users’ access to and use of, and anything otherwise relating to, our or our corporate affilitates’ services, including our various websites, SMS, APIs, email notifications, applications, buttons, widgets, ads, commerce services, and our other covered services ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-services-and-corporate-affiliates ) that link to these Terms (collectively, the “Services”), and any information, text, links, graphics, photos, audio, videos, or other materials or arrangements of materials uploaded, downloaded or appearing on the Services (collectively referred to as “Content”). By using the Services you agree to be bound by these Terms. These Terms are an agreement between you and X Corp., which provides X and the Services, with its registered office at 865 FM 1209, Building 2, Bastrop, TX 78602 U.S.A. The words “we,” “us,” and “our” mean X Corp. 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services You may use the Services only if you agree to form a binding contract with us and are not a person barred from receiving services under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction. In any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use the Services. If you are (i) accepting these Terms and/or using the Services, which constitutes acceptance of these Terms, or (ii) accepting these Terms in order to authorize the use of the Services on behalf of a minor (being any person under the age of majority in any given country), company, organization, government, or other legal entity, you represent and warrant that you are authorized to do so or, as the case may be, have the authority to bind such minor and/or entity to these Terms. The words “you” and “your” as used in these Terms shall refer either to the person accepting these Terms or such minor (as defined in (i)) and/or the entity referenced in (ii), as applicable. 2. Privacy Our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) describes how we handle the information you provide to us when you use the Services. You understand that through your use of the Services you consent to the collection and use (as set forth in the Privacy Policy) of this information, including the transfer of this information to the United States, Ireland, and/or other countries for storage, processing and use by us and our affiliates. 3. Content on the Services You are responsible for your use of the Services and for any Content, including anything referenced therein, you provide, create, post, or otherwise utilize, including any inputs, prompts, outputs, and/or information obtained or created through the Services. It is your responsibility to comply with all applicable laws, rules, policies, and regulations that are applicable to you or your Content, including on a third party’s or our affiliates’ services. You should only provide, create, or generate Content that you are comfortable sharing with others. Any use or reliance on any Content or materials posted via the Services or obtained by you through the Services is at your own risk. We do not endorse, support, represent or guarantee the completeness, truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any Content or communications posted or otherwise obtained via the Services or endorse any alleged facts or opinions expressed via the Services. You understand that by using the Services, you may be exposed to Content that might be offensive, harmful, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate, or in some cases, postings that have been mislabeled or are otherwise deceptive. All Content, including anything referenced therein, is the sole responsibility of the person who posted, generated, inputted, or created such Content. We may not monitor or control the Content posted, generated, inputted, or created via the Services, and we cannot take responsibility for such Content. We reserve the right to remove Content that violates the User Agreement, including for example, copyright or trademark violations or other intellectual property misappropriation, impersonation, unlawful conduct, or harassment. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, impose obligations on us to enforce against categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe, such as bullying and humiliating content, content that promotes or encourages feeding or eating disorders, as well as content that encourages or makes available knowledge of methods of self-harm and suicide. As a result, your Content may be subject to restrictions as required by these jurisdictions. Information regarding specific policies and the process for reporting or appealing violations can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies , https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-report-violation#specific-violations , and https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/suspended-x-accounts ). If you believe that your Content has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please report this by visiting our Copyright reporting form ( https://help.x.com/forms/ipi ) or contacting our designated copyright agent at: X Corp. Attn: Copyright Agent 865 FM 1209, Building 2 Bastrop, TX 78602 Reports: https://help.x.com/forms/ipi Email: copyright@x.com Your Rights and Grant of Rights in the Content You retain your rights to any Content, including anything referenced therein, you submit, input, create, generate, post, or display on or through the Services. What’s yours is yours — you own your Content (and your incorporated audio, photos, and videos are considered part of the Content). In choosing to submit, input, create, generate, post, or display Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display, upload, download, and distribute such Content, including anything referenced therein, in any and all media or distribution methods now known or later developed, for any purpose. For clarity, these rights include, for example, curating, transforming, and translating. This license authorizes us to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. You agree that this license includes the right for us to (i) analyze text and other information you provide and to otherwise provide, promote, and improve the Services, including, for example, for use with and training of our machine learning and artificial intelligence models, whether generative or another type; and (ii) to make Content submitted to or through the Services available to other companies, organizations or individuals, including, for example, for improving the Services and the syndication, broadcast, distribution, repost, promotion or publication of such Content on other media and services, subject to our terms and conditions for such Content use. Such additional uses by us, or other companies, organizations or individuals, is made with no compensation paid to you with respect to the Content that you submit, post, transmit or otherwise make available through the Services as the use of the Services by you is hereby agreed as being sufficient compensation for the Content and grant of rights herein. We have an evolving set of rules for how ecosystem partners can interact with your Content on the Services. These rules exist to enable an open ecosystem with your rights in mind. You understand that we may modify or adapt your Content as it is distributed, syndicated, published, or broadcast by us and our partners and/or make changes to your Content in order to adapt the Content to different media. You represent and warrant that you have, or have obtained, all rights, licenses, consents, permissions, power and/or authority necessary to grant the rights granted herein for any Content that you input, submit, create, post, generate, or display on or through the Services. You agree and warrant that such Content does not contain material subject to copyright or other proprietary rights, unless you have obtained the necessary permissions or are otherwise legally entitled to post or otherwise use the material and to grant us the license described above. 4. Using the Services Please review our Rules and Policies , which are part of the User Agreement and outline conduct that is prohibited on the Services, as well as categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe in certain jurisdictions. You may use the Services only in compliance with these Terms and all applicable laws, rules and regulations. X takes enforcement actions when Content or user behavior is in violation of our Rules and Policies or in relation to sensitive media. You can review X’s enforcement options and how you can appeal our enforcement decision here . The Services evolve constantly. As such, the Services may change from time to time, at our discretion. We may stop (permanently or temporarily) providing the Services or any features within the Services to you or to users generally. We also retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time. We may also remove or refuse to distribute any Content on the Services, limit distribution or visibility of any Content on the service, suspend or terminate users, and reclaim usernames without liability to you. In consideration for our granting you access to and use of the Services, you agree that we and our third-party providers and partners may place advertising on the Services or in connection with the display of Content or information from the Services whether submitted by you or others. We also reserve the right to access, read, preserve, and disclose any information as we reasonably believe is necessary to (i) satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process or governmental request; (ii) enforce the Terms, including investigation of potential violations hereof; (iii) detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security or technical issues; (iv) respond to user support requests; or (v) protect the rights, property or safety of X, its users and the public. We do not disclose personally-identifying information to third parties except in accordance with our Privacy Policy . Certain services or features may be offered on X for which additional terms and conditions may apply in connection with your use of those services. By using or paying for any of these additional services, you agree to any additional terms applicable to those services, and those additional terms become part of our agreement with you. If any of the applicable additional terms conflict with these Terms, the additional terms will prevail while you are using those services to which they apply. If you use paid features, products, or services of the Services, you agree to the applicable Terms for Paid Services ( https://legal.x.com/purchaser-terms ). If you use developer features, products, or services of the Services, including but not limited to X for Websites ( https://developer.x.com/docs/x-for-websites ), X Cards ( https://developer.x.com/docs/x-for-websites/cards/overview/abouts-cards ), Public API ( https://developer.x.com/docs ), or Sign in with X ( https://docs.x.com/resources/fundamentals/authentication/guides/log-in-with-x ), you agree to our Developer Agreement ( https://developer.x.com/developer-terms/agreement ) and Developer Policy ( https://developer.x.com/developer-terms/policy ). If you want to reproduce, modify, create derivative works, distribute, sell, transfer, publicly display, publicly perform, transmit, or otherwise use the Services or Content on the Services, you must use the interfaces and instructions we provide, except as permitted through the Services, these Terms, or the terms provided on https://developer.x.com/developer-terms . Otherwise, all such actions are strictly prohibited. If you are a security researcher, you are required to comply with the rules of our Vulnerability Reporting Program ( https://hackerone.com/x ). The requirements set out in the preceding paragraph may not apply to those participating in our Vulnerability Reporting Program. If you use advertising features, products, or services of the Services in any way, including but not limited to self-service and managed service offerings, you agree that your use of the advertising features, products, and services as well as your advertisements are subject to the terms of our Master Services Agreement ( https://ads.x.com/terms ). Your Account You may need to create an account to use the Services. You are responsible for safeguarding your account, so use a strong password and limit its use to this account, and use two-factor authentication via an authenticator app or security key. We cannot and will not be liable for any loss or damage arising from your failure to comply with the above. You can control most communications from the Services. We may need to provide you with certain communications, such as service announcements and administrative messages. These communications are considered part of the Services and your account, and you may not be able to opt-out from receiving them. If you added your phone number to your account and you later change or deactivate that phone number, you must update your account information to help prevent us from communicating with anyone who acquires your old number. Your License to Use the Services We give you a personal, worldwide, royalty-free, non-assignable and non-exclusive license to use the software provided to you as part of the Services. This license cannot be assigned, gifted, sold, shared or transferred in any other manner to any other individual or entity without X’s express written consent. This license has the sole purpose of enabling you to use and enjoy the benefit of the Services as provided on X, in the manner permitted by these Terms. The Services are protected by copyright, trademark, and other laws of both the United States and other countries. Nothing in the Terms gives you a right to use the X name or Twitter name or any of the X or Twitter trademarks, logos, domain names, other distinctive brand features, and other proprietary rights, and you may not do so without our express written consent. All right, title, and interest in and to the Services (excluding Content provided by users) are and will remain our and our licensors' exclusive property. Any feedback, comments, or suggestions you may provide regarding X, or the Services is entirely voluntary and we will be free to use such feedback, comments or suggestions as we see fit and without any obligation to you. Misuse of the Services You also agree not to misuse the Services, for example, by interfering with them or accessing them using a method other than the interface and the instructions that we provide. You agree that you will not work around any technical limitations in the software provided to you as part of the Services, or reverse engineer, decompile or disassemble the software, except and only to the extent that applicable law expressly permits. You may not do any of the following while accessing or using the Services: (i) access, tamper with, or use non-public areas of the Services, our computer systems, or the technical delivery systems of our providers; (ii) probe, scan, or test the vulnerability of any system or network or breach or circumvent any security or authentication measures; (iii) access or search or attempt to access or search the Services by any means (automated or otherwise) other than through our currently available, published interfaces that are provided by us (and only pursuant to the applicable terms and conditions), unless you have been specifically allowed to do so in a separate agreement with us (NOTE: crawling or scraping the Services in any form, for any purpose without our prior written consent is expressly prohibited); (iv) attempt to circumvent, manipulate, or disable systems and Services, including through "jailbreaking", “prompt engineering or injection", or other methods intended to override or manipulate safety, security or other platform controls; (v) forge any TCP/IP packet header or any part of the header information in any email or posting; (vi) in any way use the Services to send altered, deceptive or false source-identifying information; (vii) engage in any conduct that violates our Platform Manipulation and Spam Policy or any other Rules and Policies , including our Misuse of Reporting Features Policy ; or (viii) interfere with, or disrupt, (or attempt to do so), the access of any user, host or network, including, without limitation, sending a virus, overloading, flooding, spamming, mail-bombing the Services, or by scripting the creation of Content in such a manner as to interfere with or create an undue burden on the Services. It is also a violation of these Terms to facilitate or assist others in violating these Terms, including by distributing products or services that enable or encourage violation of these Terms. Ending These Terms You may end your legal agreement with us at any time by deactivating your accounts and discontinuing your use of the Services. See https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/how-to-deactivate-x-account for instructions on how to deactivate your account and the Privacy Policy for more information on what happens to your information. We may suspend or terminate your account or cease providing you with all or part of the Services at any time if we reasonably believe: (i) you have violated these Terms or our Rules and Policies , (ii) you create risk or possible legal exposure for us; (iii) your account should be removed due to unlawful conduct; (iv) your account should be removed due to prolonged inactivity; or (v) our provision of the Services to you is no longer commercially viable. We will make reasonable efforts to notify you by the email address associated with your account or the next time you attempt to access your account, depending on the circumstances. To the extent permitted by law, we may also terminate your account or cease providing you with all or part of the Services for any other reason or no reason at our convenience. In all such cases, the Terms shall terminate, including, without limitation, your license to use the Services, except that the following sections shall continue to apply: 2, 3, 5, 6, and the misuse provisions of Section 4 (“Misuse of the Services”). If you believe your account was terminated in error you can file an appeal following the steps found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/forms/account-access/appeals ). For the avoidance of doubt, these Terms survive the deactivation or termination of your account. 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability The Services are Available "AS-IS" Your access to and use of the Services or any Content are at your own risk. You understand and agree that the Services are provided to you on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis. The “X Entities” refers to X Corp., its parents, affiliates, related companies, officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, partners, and licensors. Without limiting the foregoing, to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, THE X ENTITIES DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. The X Entities make no warranty or representation and disclaim all responsibility and liability for: (i) the completeness, accuracy, availability, timeliness, security or reliability of the Services or any Content; (ii) any harm to your computer system, loss of data, or other harm that results from your access to or use of the Services or any Content; (iii) the deletion of, or the failure to store or to transmit, any Content and other communications maintained by the Services; and (iv) whether the Services will meet your requirements or be available on an uninterrupted, secure, or error-free basis. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained from the X Entities or through the Services, will create any warranty or representation not expressly made herein. Limitation of Liability NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER TERMS TO THE CONTRARY, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE X ENTITIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, RELIANCE OR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS OR REVENUES, WHETHER INCURRED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OR ANY LOSS OF DATA, USE, GOODWILL, OR OTHER INTANGIBLE LOSSES, RESULTING FROM (i) YOUR ACCESS TO OR USE OF OR INABILITY TO ACCESS OR USE THE SERVICES; (ii) ANY CONDUCT OR CONTENT OF ANY USER OR THIRD PARTY ON THE SERVICES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY DEFAMATORY, OFFENSIVE OR ILLEGAL CONDUCT OF OTHER USERS OR THIRD PARTIES; (iii) ANY CONTENT OBTAINED FROM THE SERVICES; OR (iv) UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS, USE OR ALTERATION OF YOUR TRANSMISSIONS OR CONTENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE X ENTITIES EXCEED THE GREATER OF ONE HUNDRED U.S. DOLLARS (U.S. $100.00) OR THE AMOUNT YOU PAID US, IF ANY, IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS FOR THE SERVICES GIVING RISE TO THE CLAIM. THE LIMITATIONS OF THIS SUBSECTION SHALL APPLY TO ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, STATUTE, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE X ENTITIES HAVE BEEN INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH DAMAGE, AND EVEN IF A REMEDY SET FORTH HEREIN IS FOUND TO HAVE FAILED OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. IN THE EVENT ANY PORTION OF THESE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY PROVISIONS IS DEEMED UNENFORCEABLE AS A MATTER OF LAW, THAT LIMITATION SHALL INSTEAD BE THE GREATEST LIMITATION PERMITTED BY LAW. BY AGREEING TO THESE TERMS OR USING THE SERVICES, YOU AGREE, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THAT THE X ENTITIES ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE TO YOU OR OTHERS FOR THE ACTIONS OR CONDUCT OF USERS AND THIRD PARTIES ON THE SERVICES, OR FOR ANY CONTENT USERS AND THIRD PARTIES SHARE ON THE SERVICES, INCLUDING OFFENSIVE, DEFAMATORY, ILLEGAL OR OTHER OBJECTIONABLE CONTENT. Liquidated Damages Protecting our users’ data and our system resources is important to us. You further agree that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, if you violate the Terms, or you induce or knowingly facilitate others to do so, in addition to all other legal remedies available to us, you will be jointly and severally liable to us for liquidated damages as follows for requesting, viewing, or accessing more than 1,000,000 posts (including reply posts, video posts, image posts, and any other posts) in any 24-hour period - $15,000 USD per 1,000,000 posts. You agree that these amounts are (i) a reasonable estimate of our damages; (ii) not a penalty; and (iii) not otherwise limiting of our ability to recover from you or others under any legal or equitable theory or claim, including but not limited to statutory damages and/or equitable relief. You further agree that repeated violations of these Terms will irreparably harm and entitle us to injunctive and/or other equitable relief, in addition to monetary damages. 6. General We may revise these Terms from time to time. The changes will not be retroactive, and the most current version of the Terms, which will always be at https://x.com/tos , will govern our relationship with you. We will try to notify you of material revisions, for example via a service notification or an email to the email associated with your account. By continuing to access or use the Services after those revisions become effective, you agree to be bound by the revised Terms. The laws of the State of Texas, excluding its choice of law provisions, will govern these Terms and any dispute that arises between you and us, notwithstanding any other agreement between you and us to the contrary. Notwithstanding any other agreement to the contrary, all disputes related to these Terms, the Services, or any patents — including without limitation disputes related to or arising from any Content (whether your or others’ Content), or your or others’ use of the Services or the complete or partial termination thereof — shall be brought and must proceed exclusively in the federal or state courts located in Tarrant County, Texas, United States, and you consent to personal jurisdiction in those forums and waive any objection as to inconvenient forum. For the avoidance of doubt, the choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall apply regardless of whether a dispute or any claims contained therein are based in contract, tort, statute, common law, or otherwise, and the choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall apply to pending and future disputes and shall apply to your dispute regardless of when the conduct relating to the dispute arose or occurred. The choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall also extend to disputes involving our U.S. corporate affiliates, who are intended third-party beneficiaries of this paragraph. Without prejudice to the foregoing, you agree that, in its sole discretion, X may bring any claim, cause of action, or dispute we have against you in any competent court in the country in which you reside that has jurisdiction and venue over the claim. To the extent permitted by law, you also waive the right to participate as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class action, collective action or representative action proceeding against us or our corporate affiliates. If you are a federal, state, or local government entity in the United States using the Services in your official capacity and legally unable to accept the controlling law, jurisdiction or venue clauses above, then those clauses do not apply to you. For such U.S. federal government entities, these Terms and any action related thereto will be governed by the laws of the United States of America (without reference to conflict of laws) and, in the absence of federal law and to the extent permitted under federal law, the laws of the State of Texas (excluding choice of law). You and X agree that you must initiate any proceeding or action asserting a federal claim within one (1) year of the date of the occurrence of the event or facts giving rise to a dispute that is arising out of or related to these Terms or the Services. You and X agree that you must initiate any proceeding or action asserting a state law claim within two (2) years of the date of the occurrence of the event or facts giving rise to a dispute that is arising out of or related to these Terms or the Services. Otherwise, to the extent permitted by applicable law, you forever waive the right to pursue any claim or cause of action, of any kind or character, based on such events or facts, and such claims or causes of action are permanently barred. In the event that any provision of these Terms is held to be invalid or unenforceable, then that provision will be limited or eliminated to the minimum extent necessary, and the remaining provisions of these Terms will remain in full force and effect. Our failure to enforce any right or provision of these Terms will not be deemed a waiver of such right or provision. The X User Agreement is written in English but is made available in multiple languages through translations. X strives to make the translations as accurate as possible to the original English version. However, in case of any discrepancies or inconsistencies, the English language version of the X User Agreement shall take precedence. You acknowledge that English shall be the language of reference for interpreting and constructing the terms of the X User Agreement. If you have any questions about these Terms, please contact us . Effective: January 15, 2026 Archive of Previous Terms X Terms of Service If you live in the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom These Terms of Service (“Terms”) govern your relationship with us and your and other users’ access to and use of, and anything otherwise relating to, our or our corporate affiliates’ services, including our various websites, SMS, APIs, email notifications, applications, buttons, widgets, ads, commerce services, and our other covered services ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-services-and-corporate-affiliates ) that link to these Terms (collectively, the “Services”), and any information, text, links, graphics, photos, audio, videos, or other materials or arrangements of materials uploaded, downloaded or appearing on the Services (collectively referred to as “Content”). By using the Services you agree to be bound by these Terms. These Terms are an agreement between you and X Internet Unlimited Company (Co. number 503351, VAT number IE9803175Q), an Irish company, which provides X and the Services, with its registered office at One Cumberland Place, Fenian Street Dublin 2, D02 AX07 Ireland. The words “we,” “us,” and “our,” mean X Internet Unlimited Company. 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services You may use the Services only if you agree to form a binding contract with us and are not a person barred from receiving services under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction. In any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use the Services. If you are (i) accepting these Terms and/or using the Services, which constitutes acceptance of these Terms, or (ii) accepting these Terms in order to authorize the use of the Services on behalf of a minor (being any person under the age of majority in any given country), company, organization, government, or other legal entity, you represent and warrant that you are authorized to do so or, as the case may be, have the authority to bind such minor and/or entity to these Terms. The words “you” and “your” as used in these Terms shall refer either to the person accepting these Terms or such minor (as defined in (i)) and/or the entity referenced in (ii), as applicable. 2. Privacy Our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) describes how we handle the information you provide to us when you use the Services. You understand that through your use of the Services you consent to the collection and use (as set forth in the Privacy Policy) of this information, including the transfer of this information to the United States, Ireland, and/or other countries for storage, processing and use by us and our affiliates. 3. Content on the Services You are responsible for your use of the Services and for any Content, including anything referenced therein, you provide, create, post, or otherwise utilize, including any inputs, prompts, outputs, and/or information obtained or created through the Services. It is your responsibility to comply with all applicable laws, rules, policies, and regulations that are applicable to you or your Content, including on a third party’s or affiliates’ services. You should only provide, create, or generate Content that you are comfortable sharing with others. Any use or reliance on any Content or materials posted via the Services or obtained by you through the Services is at your own risk. We do not endorse, support, represent or guarantee the completeness, truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any Content or communications posted or otherwise obtained via the Services or endorse any alleged facts or opinions expressed via the Services. You understand that by using the Services, you may be exposed to Content that might be offensive, harmful, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate, or in some cases, postings that have been mislabeled or are otherwise deceptive. Content recommendations are made based on a combination of factors: how you engage with the Services, the topics you have indicated that you are interested in, and likes of other users with your similar interests. Adjustments can be made in your settings, and additional information can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/resources/recommender-systems ). All Content, including anything referenced therein, is the sole responsibility of the person who posted, generate, inputted, or created such Content. We may not monitor or control the Content posted, generated, inputted, or created via the Services, and we cannot take responsibility for such Content. We reserve the right to remove Content that violates the User Agreement, including for example, copyright or trademark violations or other intellectual property misappropriation, impersonation, unlawful conduct, or harassment. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, impose obligations on us to enforce against categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe, such as bullying and humiliating content, content that promotes or encourages feeding or eating disorders, as well as content that encourages or makes available knowledge of methods of self-harm and suicide. As a result, your Content may be subject to restrictions as required by these jurisdictions. Information regarding specific policies and the process for reporting or appealing violations can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies , https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-report-violation , and https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/suspended-x-accounts ). If you believe that your Content has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please report this by visiting our Copyright reporting form ( https://help.x.com/forms/ipi ) or contacting our designated copyright agent at: X Corp. Attn: Copyright Agent 865 FM 1209, Building 2 Bastrop, TX 78602 Reports: https://help.x.com/forms/ipi Email: copyright@x.com Your Rights and Grant of Rights in the Content You retain your rights to any Content, including anything referenced therein, you submit, input, create, generate, post, or display on or through the Services. What’s yours is yours — you own your Content (and your incorporated audio, photos, and videos are considered part of the Content). In choosing to submit, input, create, generate, post, or display Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display, upload, download, and distribute such Content, including anything referenced therein, in any and all media or distribution methods now known or later developed, for any purpose. For clarity, these rights include, for example, curating, transforming, and translating. This license authorizes us to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. However, if you have chosen via our features to limit the distribution of your Content to a restricted community, we will respect that choice. You also agree that this license includes the right to analyze text and other information you provide with the view to improve the Services. You agree that this license includes the right for us to (i) provide, promote, and improve the Services, including, for example, for use with and training of our machine learning and artificial intelligence models, whether generative or another type; and (ii) to make Content submitted to or through the Services available to other companies, organizations or individuals, including, for example, for improving the Services and the syndication, broadcast, distribution, repost, promotion or publication of such Content on other media and services, subject to our terms and conditions for such Content use. Such additional uses by us, or other companies, organizations or individuals, is made with no compensation paid to you with respect to the Content that you submit, post, transmit or otherwise make available through the Services as the use of the Services by you is hereby agreed as being sufficient compensation for the Content and grant of rights herein. We have an evolving set of rules for how ecosystem partners can interact with your Content on the Services. These rules exist to enable an open ecosystem with your rights in mind. You understand that we may modify or adapt your Content as it is distributed, syndicated, published, or broadcast by us and our partners and/or make changes to your Content in order to adapt the Content to different media. You represent and warrant that you have, or have obtained, all rights, licenses, consents, permissions, power and/or authority necessary to grant the rights granted herein for any Content that you input, submit, create, post, generate, or display on or through the Services. You agree and warrant that such Content does not contain material subject to copyright or other proprietary rights, unless you have obtained the necessary permissions or are otherwise legally entitled to post or otherwise use the material and to grant us the license described above. 4. Using the Services Please review our Rules and Policies , which are part of the User Agreement and outline conduct that is prohibited on the Services, as well as categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe in certain jurisdictions. You may use the Services only in compliance with these Terms and all applicable laws, rules and regulations. X takes enforcement actions when Content or user behavior is in violation of our Rules and Policies or in relation to sensitive media. You can review X’s enforcement options and how you can appeal our enforcement decision here . The Services evolve constantly. As such, the Services may change from time to time, at our discretion. We may stop (permanently or temporarily) providing the Services or any features within the Services to you or to users generally. We also retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time. We may also remove or refuse to distribute any Content on the Services, limit distribution or visibility of any Content on the service, suspend or terminate users, and reclaim usernames if it is appropriate, including for the following reasons: (i) protecting the Services or our users; (ii) compliance with applicable laws or orders from competent authorities; (iii) breach of these Terms or our Rules and Policies or third parties' intellectual property or other rights; (iv) if you or your Content exposes us, other users or any third party to legal or regulatory risk; and/or (v) your prolonged inactivity. In consideration for our granting you access to and use of the Services, you agree that we and our third-party providers and partners may place advertising on the Services or in connection with the display of Content or information from the Services whether submitted by you or others. We also reserve the right to access, read, preserve, and disclose any information as we reasonably believe is necessary to (i) satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process or governmental request; (ii) enforce the Terms, including investigation of potential violations hereof; (iii) detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security or technical issues; (iv) respond to user support requests; or (v) protect the rights, property or safety of X, its users and the public. We do | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/commands | Git Commands | Learn Version Control with Git Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Git Commands An overview of the most important Git commands Git Commands Overview As experts on Git and version control, we get asked a lot about these topics. In this section, we've compiled an overview of the most important Git commands and their most common use cases. If you're looking for an in-depth course / tutorial on Git, please also see our free ebook and video course . Search FAQs General git add - Adding changes to the staging area git branch - Creating, deleting and showing branches git checkout - Switching branches and restoring files git clone - Downloading an existing repository from a remote server git commit - Saving changes to the local repository git init - Creating a new Git repository git merge - Integrating changes from another branch git pull - Downloading and integrating remote changes git push - Publishing new local changes on a remote server git remote - Showing, adding and removing connections to remote repositories git restore - Discarding or unstaging uncommitted local changes git revert - Undoing an existing commit by creating opposite changes git rm - Removing files in Git git status - Displaying uncommitted changes and the state of your Working Copy git switch - Switching branches In case you miss an important topic on this list, please let us know via support@git-tower.com Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice | Privacy Policy | Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.horacioh.com | Horacio Herrera - Designer & Developer Skip to content Horacio Herrera Writing About Notes Twitter Twitch Github aprendegatsby Braindump Horacio Herrera Hi! 👋 I'm Horacio Herrera, Designer & Developer consultant from Panama🇵🇦 living in Barcelona. I help companies develop digital products that users want. Currently I'm building Mintter , a document publishing platform on top of Bitcoin ⚡️ You can find me in the internets on twitter , twitch , youtube , github , dribbble & codesandbox . You can also send me an email if you prefer. Latest Posts Read all posts Build an Auth flow using React and XState 05.11.2021 Want to learn Web Design? 20.08.2021 How I organize my week on sundays 21.02.2021 Projects aprendegatsby.com © 2022 by Horacio Herrera . All rights reserved. Theme by LekoArts | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/basics/getting-ready | Setting Up Git on Your Computer | Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Setting Up Git on Your Computer Before you can start using Git, you need to install it and configure your identity. This chapter explains how to do that. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI | Command Line Setting Up Git on Your Computer with a Desktop Client We're using the Tower desktop client throughout this version of the book. You can test the application 30 days for free before purchasing it from the online store. Cross Reference In case you prefer to learn Git on the command line, without a Desktop client application, you can switch to the " command line version " of this book at any time. You can download Tower as a free 30-day trial from the website. As Tower comes with its own Git binary, you don't have to install Git yourself on your computer. Configuring Git In its "Getting Started" wizard, Tower will guide you through the few configurations that are necessary up front. Now that we're ready to go, let's look at a basic workflow with Git. Why Use Version Control? Contents The Basic Workflow Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice | Privacy Policy | Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/basics/starting-with-a-remote-project | Starting with an Existing Project | Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Starting with an Existing Project If you want to work on an existing project that is already under Git version control, you need to clone it. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI | Command Line Starting with an Existing Project on a Server When you're getting on board of a project that's already running, you'll want to get a copy ("clone" in Git lingo) of the project onto your local machine. Today, many teams use a professional service to host their code repositories. If you're using one of the more popular ones (like GitHub, Bitbucket, GitLab, Microsoft Visual Studio, Perforce or Beanstalk) you can connect your service account in Tower to make cloning very easy. Connecting a Hosting Service in Tower Switch to Tower's Services view by clicking the little cloud icon below the toolbar. There, click the button that corresponds to the hosting service of your choice to start connecting your. Authentication options are different for each service provider and depend on your account's settings. The Tower help documentation contains detailed instructions on this topic. Once you've connected your account with Tower, you can clone your repositories with just a single click - without having to enter URLs or authentication credentials anymore. Cloning from a URL In case the remote repository is not hosted on GitHub, Bitbucket or Beanstalk, you need to clone using the project's remote URL . Such a URL can take many forms: ssh://user@server/git-repo.git user@server:git-repo.git http://example.com/git-repo.git https://example.com/git-repo.git git://example.com/git-repo.git No matter what format the URL is, you can just pour it into Tower: on the Repositories view, click the "Clone" button and paste your URL, along with any authentication credentials you might have received. Note In case you don't have any remote repository of your own to experiment with, feel free to clone from the following URL: https://github.com/gittower/git-crash-course.git You won't need any authentication credentials and can simply use the default settings (except maybe for the location you want Git to download it on your computer). I'll use this repository in my examples for the rest of this book. Git will now download a complete copy of this repository to your local disk - on condition that you're allowed to access this repository. For the "http" and "git" protocols, no access rights are necessary. For "https" URLs, you might be asked you for a username and a password. For "ssh" URLs (either with a leading "ssh://" or, with the shorter form, "user@server..."), you'll have to use "SSH Public Key" authentication. While being very safe, efficient, and widely used, it's also a little bit of work to set up. For detailed information about this topic I recommend taking a look at chapter " Authentication with SSH Public Keys " later in this book. Creating a Local Repository Contents Working on Your Project Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/remote-repositories/introduction | Introduction to Remote Repositories | Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Introduction to Remote Repositories A remote repository is a version of your project that is hosted on the Internet or network somewhere. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI | Command Line About Remote Repositories About 90% of version control related work happens in the local repository: staging, committing, viewing the status or the log/history, etc. Moreover, if you're the only person working on your project, chances are you'll never need to set up a remote repository. Only when it comes to sharing data with your teammates, a remote repo comes into play. Think of it like a "file server" that you use to exchange data with your colleagues. Let's look at the few things that distinguish local and remote repositories from each other: Location Local repositories reside on the computers of team members. In contrast, remote repositories are hosted on a server that is accessible for all team members - most likely on the internet or on a local network. Features Technically, a remote repository doesn't differ from a local one: it contains branches, commits, and tags just like a local repository. However, a local repository has a working copy associated with it: a directory where some version of your project's files is checked out for you to work with. A remote repository doesn't have such a working directory: it only consists of the bare ".git" repository folder. Usage It's important to stress that the actual work on your project happens only in your local repository: all modifications have to be made & committed locally. Then, those changes can be uploaded to a remote repository in order to share them with your team. Remote repositories are only thought as a means for sharing and exchanging code between developers - not for actually working on files. Creation Creating a remote repository can be done in two ways: if you already have a local repository that you want to base it on, you can clone this local one with the "--bare" option on your command line. In case you want to create a blank remote repository, you can use the "git init" command, also with the "--bare" option, on your command line. Local / Remote Workflow In Git, there are only a mere handful of commands that interact with a remote repository. The overwhelming majority of work happens in the local repository. Until this point (except when we cloned a remote repo), we've worked exclusively with our local Git repository and never left our local computer. We were not dependent on any internet or network connection but instead worked completely offline. We'll look at each of these commands in the course of the following sections. Branching Workflows Contents Connecting a Remote Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. 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https://github.com/mursalfk/Pak-Corona-Tracker | GitHub - mursalfk/Pak-Corona-Tracker: Live Corona Virus Cases Tracker from Pakistan made on Python using Web Scrapping Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests... --> Search Clear Search syntax tips Provide feedback --> We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously. Include my email address so I can be contacted Cancel Submit feedback Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly --> Name Query To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation . Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up Appearance settings Resetting focus You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. Dismiss alert {{ message }} mursalfk / Pak-Corona-Tracker Public Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Fork 1 Star 10 Live Corona Virus Cases Tracker from Pakistan made on Python using Web Scrapping 10 stars 1 fork Branches Tags Activity Star Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Code Issues 0 Pull requests 0 Actions Projects 0 Security Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Insights Additional navigation options Code Issues Pull requests Actions Projects Security Insights mursalfk/Pak-Corona-Tracker master Branches Tags Go to file Code Open more actions menu Folders and files Name Name Last commit message Last commit date Latest commit History 68 Commits corona.py corona.py readme.md readme.md web_api.py web_api.py View all files Repository files navigation README Description In this repo I have trid to make a live Corona Virus #CoVID19 Cases in Pakistan using WebScrapping via Python. Making Changes gradually. Authors A Final year Computer System Engineering student with grave interest and knowledge in programming and logic building. A Machine Learning Engineer and Data Scientist with extensive hands-on experience contributing to several open-source codes. A Microsoft Student Partner, a web developer with a good grip on basic front-end development tools including Django, Flask, HTML, CSS and JavaScript along with PHP, MySQL, and OOP. Having a strong background in project management and excellent communication skills. Project Detail Including Overall Pakistan's numbers Including Province Wise Cases Intro Mursal Furqan +923433500305 mursalfurqan@gmail.com -> mursalfk.github.io -> mursalfurqan.com About Live Corona Virus Cases Tracker from Pakistan made on Python using Web Scrapping Resources Readme Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Activity Stars 10 stars Watchers 1 watching Forks 1 fork Report repository Releases No releases published Packages 0 No packages published Languages Python 100.0% Footer © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Footer navigation Terms Privacy Security Status Community Docs Contact Manage cookies Do not share my personal information You can’t perform that action at this time. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
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https://www.highlight.io/blog/observability-in-gorm | Observability for Your Go ORM: OpenTelemetry Integration with GORM Pricing Customers Blog Careers Docs Observability for Your Go ORM: OpenTelemetry Integration with GORM Sign up Back Aug 27, 2024 • 5 min. read Monitoring Browser Applications with OpenTelemetry Frontend Observability OpenTelemetry Apr 23, 2025 • 7 min. read We're joining LaunchDarkly! Company Product Updates Oct 18, 2022 • 10 min. read What are rage clicks and how to detect them Frontend Observability Product Updates Feb 20, 2025 • 10 min read Observability for Your Go ORM: OpenTelemetry Integration with GORM OpenTelemetry Observability Chris Schmitz Software Engineer @ Highlight GORM is a popular ORM for Go that allows you to interact with databases using Go structs. It's a great way to improve the ergonomics of interacting with your database, but it does come with some tradeoffs. When you use an ORM, you are abstracting away the details of the actual queries. This can make it difficult to diagnose issues and optimize for performance. Using OpenTelemetry, we can collect observability data about how our database is performing and help identify and fix issues quickly. In this blog post, we'll walk through how to integrate OpenTelemetry with GORM to provide traces and metrics for your database. Why Observability Matters for Databases It may not be obvious why observability matters for databases, so let's quickly cover the benefits. We can collect a few types of data about our database: Infrastructure metrics (e.g. CPU, memory, disk, etc.) Query performance (latency, errors, etc.) Resource utilization (connections, threads, etc.) With these metrics, we can diagnose and optimize for issues like: Slow queries High error rates Connection pool bottlenecks Resource contention The GORM OpenTelemetry plugin streamlines the process of collecting this data. How to Integrate OpenTelemetry with GORM The GORM OpenTelemetry plugin is a great way to integrate OpenTelemetry with GORM. It's easy to install and use, and it provides a lot of useful data about your database. First, install the plugin: go get gorm.io/plugin/opentelemetry/tracing Then, initialize your database and enable the instrumentation: import ( "gorm.io/gorm" "gorm.io/driver/postgres" "gorm.io/plugin/opentelemetry/tracing" ) // Initialize your database db, err := gorm.Open(postgres.Open("your-dsn-here"), &gorm.Config{}) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Enables the OpenTelemetry instrumentation db.Use(tracing.NewPlugin()) Assuming you already have OpenTelemetry configured, you'll see traces and metrics exported for your database interactions. If you don't have OpenTelemetry configured in your app, consider using the Highlight Go SDK to set this up quickly. How to Use Traces and Metrics to Diagnose and Optimize Now that we have traces and metrics, how do we use them to diagnose and optimize our database? For our use case, we'll use Highlight.io to visualize and work with the data. Working with Traces The GORM plugin will emit spans for each database interaction. If the query is part of an existing trace, the span will be connected to that trace. Here is an example of a web request that triggered a database query: Note the attributes added to the span under the db key. We get information about the query that can be used to help understand and optimize it. We even get the SQL statement to so we have the exact query to run in a debugging session. Aggregated Traces Viewing an individual trace is helpful, but it's often useful to see aggregate data for database interactions. Since we have attributes like duration , db.sql.table , and db.operation , we can use these to group and aggregate data. Here you can see how dashboards are being used to monitor query counts, duration, and details of individual slow queries. Working with Metrics The OpenTelemetry GORM plugin will also emit metrics for the database. It currently only reports metrics around connections, which can be helpful for diagnosing issues with your connection pool health and capacity. Note that the plugin does not have access to infrastructure metrics like CPU, memory, etc., which are also important for monitoring the health of your database. Many cloud providers can export these metrics for you. See Metrics in AWS as an example of how to get these metrics for AWS. Conclusion The GORM OpenTelemetry plugin is an easy way to start collecting observability data for your database. It will give you a lot of useful data for finding issues and optimizing your database. If you're interested in trying it out, check out the GORM OpenTelemetry plugin documentation for more information, or consider using the Highlight Go SDK to get started quickly. Comments ( 0 ) Name Email Your Message New Comment Other articles you may like Aug 27, 2024 • 5 min. read Monitoring Browser Applications with OpenTelemetry Frontend Observability OpenTelemetry Apr 23, 2025 • 7 min. read We're joining LaunchDarkly! 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close # bard Follow Hide Create Post Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Embark on a Technological Odyssey: Meet Generative AI, Your Future! Tabinda Zeeshan Tabinda Zeeshan Tabinda Zeeshan Follow for IT Services and Consulting Nov 27 '25 Embark on a Technological Odyssey: Meet Generative AI, Your Future! # artificial # bard # chatgpt # generative Comments Add Comment 3 min read Comparing ChatGPT, Bard, and Amazon Q: A Feedback Analysis Md. Mostafa Al Mahmud Md. Mostafa Al Mahmud Md. Mostafa Al Mahmud Follow for AWS Community Builders Feb 17 '24 Comparing ChatGPT, Bard, and Amazon Q: A Feedback Analysis # generativeai # chatgpt # bard # amazonq 15 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Battle for AI Dominance: Can Gemini Surpass Chat GPT in the Future?” Apoorv Apoorv Apoorv Follow Jan 18 '24 Battle for AI Dominance: Can Gemini Surpass Chat GPT in the Future?” # ai # chatgpt # bard # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 5 min read Manual export from Bard, ChatGPT, MS Copilot Mika Feiler Mika Feiler Mika Feiler Follow Feb 3 '24 Manual export from Bard, ChatGPT, MS Copilot # chatgpt # bard # githubcopilot # poweruser 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Guide to Effective Prompt Engineering for ChatGPT and LLM Responses Maham Codes Maham Codes Maham Codes Follow Jan 9 '24 Guide to Effective Prompt Engineering for ChatGPT and LLM Responses # promptengineering # chatgpt # bard # claude 8 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Ultimate ChatGPT vs. Google Bard Showdown : Decoding the Battle of AI Titans NITSAN - TYPO3 Agency NITSAN - TYPO3 Agency NITSAN - TYPO3 Agency Follow Dec 12 '23 Ultimate ChatGPT vs. Google Bard Showdown : Decoding the Battle of AI Titans # ai # bard # chatgpt # technology Comments Add Comment 5 min read I've been waiting! 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Which is Best for Developers? Dhruv Joshi Dhruv Joshi Dhruv Joshi Follow Jun 10 '23 Chat GPT vs Google Bard. Which is Best for Developers? # discuss # programming # chatgpt # bard 13 reactions Comments 7 comments 3 min read php-bard-api John Pinto John Pinto John Pinto Follow May 18 '23 php-bard-api # php # bard # ai # library 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Terminal Chat with Bard using bardAPI and Python John Pinto John Pinto John Pinto Follow May 16 '23 Terminal Chat with Bard using bardAPI and Python # bard # ai # python # chatgpt 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read AI Code Refactoring Tests Abraham Duno Abraham Duno Abraham Duno Follow May 15 '23 AI Code Refactoring Tests # webdev # bing # bard # chatgpt 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read OpenAI's GPT-4 VS. Google's Bard | I Tested complex responses between to AI's Austin F Austin F Austin F Follow Apr 6 '23 OpenAI's GPT-4 VS. 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https://forem.com/kowshikkumar_reddymakire#main-content | Kowshikkumar Reddy Makireddy - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Kowshikkumar Reddy Makireddy 404 bio not found Joined Joined on Jan 13, 2026 More info about @kowshikkumar_reddymakire Post 1 post published Comment 0 comments written Tag 0 tags followed Building a Low-Code Blockchain Deployment Platform Kowshikkumar Reddy Makireddy Kowshikkumar Reddy Makireddy Kowshikkumar Reddy Makireddy Follow Jan 13 Building a Low-Code Blockchain Deployment Platform # showdev # blockchain # devops # tooling Comments Add Comment 9 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.highlight.io/blog/lw5-d5-self-hosted | Day 5: Self-hosted & Enterprise Pricing Customers Blog Careers Docs Day 5: Self-hosted & Enterprise Sign up Back Aug 23, 2022 • 6 min. read What is Frontend Monitoring and What Tools Help You Do It? Frontend Observability Aug 2, 2022 • 4 min. read Compression: The simple, powerful upgrade for your web stack Engineering Aug 19, 2022 • 8 min. read 5 strategies to monitor the health of your web application Engineering Observability May 3, 2024 • 3 min read Day 5: Self-hosted & Enterprise Product Updates Jay Khatri CEO Day 4: Self-hosted & Enterprise! Finally, Day 5 is all about supporting the open source distribution and larger enterprises. Checkout our launch video or keep reading! We’ve been putting a lot of work these past few months into supporting our self-hosted deploy and making it easier for folks to get started on their own infrastructure. Self-hosted The first change we’ve made is better support for k8s. Now, users can deploy the hobby instance with Helm or a kubernetes manifest! Read up in our docs if you want to get started. Highlight on the AWS Marketplace Secondly, Highlight is now on the AWS Marketplace. This means that customers that prefer to pay for Highlight with their AWS commits can do exactly that. Get started here . Self-hosted Pricing Updates Lastly, we’ve also published some more details about our cloud pricing and our self-hosted enterprise pricing .If you’re interested in learning more about that first-hand, please reach out :) Comments ( 0 ) Name Email Your Message New Comment Other articles you may like Aug 23, 2022 • 6 min. read What is Frontend Monitoring and What Tools Help You Do It? Frontend Observability Aug 2, 2022 • 4 min. read Compression: The simple, powerful upgrade for your web stack Engineering Aug 19, 2022 • 8 min. read 5 strategies to monitor the health of your web application Engineering Observability Try Highlight Today Get the visibility you need Get started for free Product Pricing Sign up Features Privacy & Security Customers Session Replay Error Monitoring Logging Competitors LogRocket Hotjar Fullstory Smartlook Inspectlet Datadog Sentry Site24x7 Sprig Mouseflow Pendo Heap LogicMonitor Last9 Axiom Better Stack HyperDX Dash0 Developers Changelog Documentation Ambassadors Frameworks React Next.js Angular Gatsby.js Svelte.js Vue.js Express Golang Next.js Node.js Rails Hono Contact & Legal Terms of Service Privacy Policy Careers sales@highlight.io security@highlight.io [object Object] | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://github.com/bluesky-social/cookbook/ | GitHub - bluesky-social/cookbook: A collection of example projects and scripts for atproto development. Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... 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Insights Additional navigation options Code Issues Pull requests Actions Projects Security Insights bluesky-social/cookbook main Branches Tags Go to file Code Open more actions menu Folders and files Name Name Last commit message Last commit date Latest commit History 143 Commits go-oauth-cli-app go-oauth-cli-app go-oauth-web-app go-oauth-web-app go-repo-export go-repo-export python-bsky-post python-bsky-post python-oauth-web-app python-oauth-web-app react-native-oauth react-native-oauth ts-bot ts-bot vanillajs-oauth-web-app vanillajs-oauth-web-app .gitignore .gitignore LICENSE-CC0 LICENSE-CC0 Makefile Makefile README.md README.md View all files Repository files navigation README CC0-1.0 license ATProto Hacker Cookbook A collection of example projects and scripts for getting started with atproto development. How to make a post in Bluesky (Python) Starter kit for a Bluesky bot (TypeScript) Download and Inspect Repository (Go) OAuth Web Service (Python) OAuth Web Service (Go) OAuth CLI App (Go) License The example source code in this repository is licensed under the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal (CC-0) license. It may be copied directly in to other software projects without restriction or attribution. See ./LICENCE-CC0 for a full copy of the license text. Note that dependencies (including atproto SDKs) have their own licenses, which downstream projects need to respect. About A collection of example projects and scripts for atproto development. Resources Readme License CC0-1.0 license Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Activity Custom properties Stars 197 stars Watchers 12 watching Forks 40 forks Report repository Releases No releases published Packages 0 No packages published Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . 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https://github.com/mursalfk/Wavy-Text-Animation | GitHub - mursalfk/Wavy-Text-Animation Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests... --> Search Clear Search syntax tips Provide feedback --> We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously. Include my email address so I can be contacted Cancel Submit feedback Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly --> Name Query To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation . Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up Appearance settings Resetting focus You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. Dismiss alert {{ message }} mursalfk / Wavy-Text-Animation Public Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Fork 0 Star 1 1 star 0 forks Branches Tags Activity Star Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Code Issues 0 Pull requests 0 Actions Projects 0 Security Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Insights Additional navigation options Code Issues Pull requests Actions Projects Security Insights mursalfk/Wavy-Text-Animation master Branches Tags Go to file Code Open more actions menu Folders and files Name Name Last commit message Last commit date Latest commit History 2 Commits README.md README.md index.html index.html style.css style.css View all files Repository files navigation README Wavy-Text-Animation About No description, website, or topics provided. Resources Readme Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Activity Stars 1 star Watchers 1 watching Forks 0 forks Report repository Releases No releases published Packages 0 No packages published Languages CSS 50.8% HTML 49.2% Footer © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Footer navigation Terms Privacy Security Status Community Docs Contact Manage cookies Do not share my personal information You can’t perform that action at this time. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://paddle.com/privacy | Privacy policy | Paddle Products ProfitWell Metrics Free Real-time subscription analytics, 100% free Retain Radically reduce churn, automatically Billing The only complete merchant of record solution purpose-built for SaaS and apps Billing The only complete merchant of record solution purpose-built for SaaS and apps Explore all features Checkout High performance, localized checkout Subscriptions Flexible, multi-product subscriptions Payments All-in-one payment tools Tax & compliance Eliminate sales tax headaches with full, automatic global tax compliance Invoicing Recurring, automated B2B billing Fraud protection Reduce your risk with fraud prevention & protection In-app purchase Take advantage of lower fees, more control, and faster growth Integrations Quickstart guide Dev docs Billing sandbox Solutions Use cases Paddle for SaaS Paddle for apps Paddle for app studios Paddle for digital products Paddle for software Paddle for games Introduce product-led growth Unify your revenue data Prepare for funding, IPO or exit Partner with Paddle Let's work together to help more founders scale faster SaaS Launchpad Unlock the full potential of your business in just a few weeks RevenueCat integration Unlock seamless cross-platform subscription growth Nexus Mods 9x revenue uplift in China HubX $100,000+ recovered in 72 days All customer stories Pricing Developers Dev docs Get started with Paddle Billing Changelog Stay updated on everything we ship Developer sandbox Start exploring API reference Setup and maintain your data Security portal Data privacy, transparency, and access Platform status See if everything is running as it should be Quick start guides Create your first product Issue an invoice Connect a checkout New Engineering blog Behind the scenes of building the developer-first merchant of record. Billing quickstart guide Developer docs Billing sandbox Engineering blog Resources Blog The latest SaaS insights, opinions and news Customer stories Learn how software businesses grow faster with Paddle Paddle Studios Inspiring original SaaS content Webinars Live and on-demand Explore Paddle Learn more about our products and services Paddle news Paddle news from the Paddle team and network Resource hub Access to guides, reports, and best practices Selling SaaS Globally Handbook A SaaS leader's practical guide to global expansion Mobile App Monetization Guide Use a web monetization strategy to unlock growth for your mobile app Careers at Paddle Support Help center Find answers to your questions about Paddle Account verification Here's what we need before you can start selling with Paddle Payment support Find answers to your questions about buying products and services from Paddle Why has Paddle charged me? Cancel a subscription Request a refund Billing FAQs Login Paddle Billing ProfitWell Metrics Get started Products Billing ProfitWell Metrics Retain Checkout Payments Invoicing Tax & compliance Fraud protection Reporting Subscriptions In-app purchase Use cases Paddle for SaaS Paddle for apps Paddle for app studios Paddle for digital products Paddle for software Paddle for games Introduce PLG Sell SaaS globally Reconcile reporting Be investment ready Launch your SaaS Pricing Paddle Studios Resources Customer stories Careers Help center Developer docs Why has Paddle charged me? Mobile App Monetization Strategies Login Paddle Billing ProfitWell Metrics Get started Get started Login Paddle Billing ProfitWell Metrics Privacy policy A. This Policy Summary : This Policy explains how we Process Personal Data. This Policy may be amended or updated from time to time, so please check it regularly for updates. This Policy is issued by Paddle which is made up of each of the Controller entities that are listed in Section (U) below (together, “Paddle”, “we”, “us” and “our”) and is addressed to individuals outside our organisation with whom we interact in our course of business as a Merchant of Record, including customers, visitors to our Sites, other users of our products or services, personnel of corporate customers and vendors, applicants for employment, and visitors to our premises (together, “you”). Please note that not all provisions of this Policy will apply to you and your Personal Data, as this will depend on your specific relationship with Paddle. Defined terms used in this Policy are explained in Section (V) below. This Policy may be amended or updated from time to time to reflect changes in our practices with respect to the Processing of Personal Data, or changes in applicable law. We encourage you to read this Policy carefully, and to regularly check this page to review any changes we might make in accordance with the terms of this Policy. This Policy was last updated on 30 June 2023. You may also have certain rights regarding the information we collect about you. Specifically, the rights of Data Subjects of the EEA are explained in Section (M) below. Similarly, Residents of certain US states, including California and Virginia, may find information on their rights as a Consumer in Sections (R), (S) and (T) below. B. Collection of Personal Data Summary : We collect or obtain Personal Data: when that data is provided to us (e.g., where you contact us); in the course of our relationship with you (e.g., if you appoint us as your Merchant of Record or if you make a purchase from Paddle); when you make Personal Data public (e.g., if you make a public post about us on social media); when you visit our Sites; when you register to use any of our Sites, products, or services; or when you interact with any third party content or advertising on a Site; we may also receive Personal Data about you from third parties (e.g., law enforcement authorities). We collect or obtain Personal Data about you from the following sources: Data provided to us: We obtain Personal Data when such data is provided to us (e.g., where you contact us via email or via our Sites, or by any other means, or when you provide us with your business card, or when you submit a job application). Data we obtain in person: We obtain Personal Data during meetings, at trade shows, during visits from sales or marketing representatives, in person interviews or at events we attend. Collaborations: We obtain Personal Data when you collaborate with us in research or in an advisory/consultancy capacity. Relationship data: We collect or obtain Personal Data in the ordinary course of our relationship with you (e.g. we provide a service to you, or to your employer). Data you make public: We collect or obtain Personal Data that you manifestly choose to make public, including via social media (e.g. we may collect information from your social media profile(s) or if you make a public post about us). Site data: We may collect or obtain Personal Data when you visit any of our Sites or use any features or resources available on or through a Site. Registration details: We collect or obtain Personal Data when you use, or register to use, any of our Sites, products, or services. Content and advertising information: If you interact with any third party content or advertising on a Site (including third party plugins and cookies) we may receive Personal Data from the relevant third party provider of that content or advertising. Third party information: We collect or obtain Personal Data from third parties who provide it to us (e.g. credit reference agencies; law enforcement authorities; etc.). C. Creation of Personal Data Summary: We create Personal Data about you (e.g., records of your interactions with us). We also create Personal Data about you in certain circumstances, such as records of your interactions with us, and details of your past interactions with us. We may also combine Personal Data from any of our Sites, products, or services, including where that data is collected from different sources. D. Categories of Personal Data we Process Summary : We Process: your personal details (e.g., your name); demographic data (e.g. your age); your contact details (e.g., your address); records of your consents; purchase details; payment details (e.g. billing address); information about your interaction with our Sites (e.g. the type of device you are using); details of your employer (where relevant); information about your interactions with our content or advertising; and any views or opinions you provide to us. We Process the following categories of Personal Data about you: Personal details: given name(s); preferred name. Demographic information: gender; date of birth / age; nationality; salutation; title; and language preferences. Contact details: correspondence address; telephone number; email address; details of Personal Assistants, where applicable; messenger app details; online messaging details; and social media details. Expertise: records of your expertise; professional history; practising details and qualification details; information about your experience; participation in meetings; seminars; advisory boards and conferences; information about your professional relationship with other individuals or institutions; language abilities and other professional skills. Consent records: records of any consents you have given, together with the date and time; means of consent and any related information (e.g. the subject matter of the consent). Purchase details: records of purchases and prices; and consignee name, address, contact telephone number and email address; Payment details: invoice records; payment records; billing address; payment method; cardholder or account holder name; card payment identifiers; payment amount; and payment date. Data relating to your use of our Sites: device type; operating system; browser type; browser settings; IP address; language settings; dates and times of connecting to a Site; username; password; security login details; and usage data. Employer details: where you interact with us in your capacity as an employee of a third party, the name, address, telephone number and email address of your employer, to the extent relevant. Content and advertising data: records of your interactions with our online advertising and content, records of advertising and content displayed on pages displayed to you, and any interaction you may have had with such content or advertising (e.g., mouse hover, mouse clicks, any forms you complete in whole or in part) and any touchscreen interactions. Views and opinions: any views and opinions that you choose to send to us, or publicly post about us on social media platforms. Please note that not all of the above will apply to you, as it will depend on your relationship with Paddle (e.g. Employee, customer, etc). E. Sensitive Personal Data Summary : We do not seek to collect or otherwise Process Sensitive Personal Data in the ordinary course of our business as a Merchant of Record. Where we need to Process Sensitive Personal Data for a legitimate purpose, we do so in accordance with applicable law. Where it becomes necessary to Process your Sensitive Personal Data for any reason, we rely on one of the following legal bases: Compliance with applicable law: We may Process your Sensitive Personal Data where the Processing is required or permitted by applicable law (e.g., to comply with our diversity reporting obligations); Detection and prevention of crime: We may Process your Sensitive Personal Data where the Processing is necessary for the detection or prevention of crime (e.g., the prevention of fraud); Establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims: We may Process your Sensitive Personal Data where the Processing is necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims; or Consent: We may Process your Sensitive Personal Data where we have, in accordance with applicable law, obtained your express consent prior to Processing your Sensitive Personal Data (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). If you provide Sensitive Personal Data to us, you must ensure that it is lawful for you to disclose such data to us, and you must ensure a valid legal basis applies to the Processing of those Sensitive Personal Data. F. Purposes of Processing and Legal Bases for Processing Summary : We Process Personal Data for the following purposes: providing our Sites, products, and services to you; compliance checks; operating our business; communicating with you; managing our IT systems; health and safety; financial management; conducting surveys; ensuring the security of our premises and systems; conducting investigations where necessary; compliance with applicable law; improving our Sites, products, and services; fraud prevention; establishment, exercise and defence of legal claims; and recruitment and job applications. The purposes for which we Process Personal Data, subject to applicable law, and the legal bases on which we perform such Processing, are as follows: Provision of Sites, products, and services: providing our Sites, products, or services; providing promotional items upon request; and communicating with you in relation to those Sites, products, or services. The Processing is necessary in connection with any contract that you have entered into with us, or to take steps prior to entering into a contract with us; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of providing our Sites, products, or services (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way) Compliance checks: fulfilling our regulatory compliance obligations; ‘Know Your Client’ checks; and confirming and verifying your identity; use of credit reference agencies; and screening against government and/or law enforcement agency sanctions lists and other legal restrictions. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation; or The Processing is necessary in connection with any contract that you have entered into with us, or to take steps prior to entering into a contract with us; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of fulfilling our regulatory and compliance obligations (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). Operating our business: operating and managing our Sites, our products, and our services; providing content to you; displaying advertising and other information to you; communicating and interacting with you via our Sites, our products, or our services; and notifying you of changes to any of our Sites, our products, or our services. The Processing is necessary in connection with any contract that you have entered into with us, or to take steps prior to entering into a contract with us; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of providing our Sites, our products, or our services to you (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). Communications and marketing: communicating with you via any means (including via email, telephone, text message, social media, post or in person) to provide news items and other information in which you may be interested, subject always to obtaining your prior opt-in consent to the extent required under applicable law; personalising our Sites, products and services for you; maintaining and updating your contact information where appropriate; obtaining your prior, opt-in consent where required; enabling and recording your choice to opt-out or unsubscribe, where applicable. The Processing is necessary in connection with any contract that you have entered into with us, or to take steps prior to entering into a contract with us; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of contacting you, subject always to compliance with applicable law (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). Management of IT systems: management and operation of our communications, IT and security systems; and audits (including security audits) and monitoring of such systems. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of managing and maintaining our communications and IT systems (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms). Health and safety: health and safety assessments and record keeping; providing a safe and secure environment at our premises; and compliance with related legal obligations. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of ensuring a safe environment at our premises (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or The Processing is necessary to protect the vital interests of any individual. Financial management : sales; finance; corporate audit; and vendor management. We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of managing and operating the financial affairs of our business (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). Surveys: engaging with you for the purposes of obtaining your views on our Sites, our products, or our services. We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of conducting surveys, satisfaction reports and market research (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). Security: physical security of our premises (including records of visits to our premises); CCTV recordings; and electronic security (including login records and access details). The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation ; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of ensuring the physical and electronic security of our business and our premises (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms). Investigations: detecting, investigating and preventing breaches of policy, and criminal offences, in accordance with applicable law. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation ; or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of detecting, and protecting against, breaches of our policies and applicable laws (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms). Legal compliance: compliance with our legal and regulatory obligations under applicable law. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation. Improving our Sites, products, and services: identifying issues with our Sites, our products, or our services; planning improvements to our Sites, our products, or our services; and creating new Sites, products, or services. We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of improving our Sites, our products, or our services (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). Fraud prevention: Detecting, preventing and investigating fraud. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation (especially in respect of applicable employment law); or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of detecting, and protecting against, fraud (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms). Establishment, exercise and defence of legal claims: management of legal claims; establishment of facts and claims, including collection, review and production of documents, facts, evidence and witness statements; exercise and defence of legal rights and claims, including formal legal proceedings. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation; We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of establishing, exercising or defending our legal rights (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or The Processing is necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims. Recruitment and job applications: recruitment activities; advertising of positions; interview activities; analysis of suitability for the relevant position; records of hiring decisions; offer details; and acceptance details. The Processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation (especially in respect of applicable employment law); or We have a legitimate interest in carrying out the Processing for the purpose of recruitment activities and handling job applications (to the extent that such legitimate interest is not overridden by your interests, fundamental rights, or freedoms); or We have obtained your prior consent to the Processing (this legal basis is only used in relation to Processing that is entirely voluntary – it is not used for Processing that is necessary or obligatory in any way). G. Disclosure of Personal Data to Third Parties Summary : We disclose Personal Data to: legal and regulatory authorities; our external advisors; our Processors; any party as necessary in connection with legal proceedings; any party as necessary for investigating, detecting or preventing criminal offences; any purchaser of our business or successor in title to our obligations under a contract; and any third party providers of advertising, plugins or content used on our Sites. We disclose Personal Data to other entities within the Paddle group, for legitimate business purposes and the operation of our Sites, products, or services to you, in accordance with applicable law. In addition, we disclose Personal Data to: you and, where appropriate, your appointed representatives; legal and regulatory authorities, upon request, or for the purposes of reporting any actual or suspected breach of applicable law or regulation; accountants, auditors, consultants, lawyers and other outside professional advisors to Paddle, subject to binding contractual obligations of confidentiality; third party Processors (such as payment services providers etc.), located anywhere in the world, subject to the requirements noted below in this Section (G); any relevant party, regulatory body, governmental authority, law enforcement agency or court, to the extent necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims and with applicable jurisdiction; any relevant party, regulatory body, governmental authority, law enforcement agency or court, for the purposes of prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties; any alternative payment provider or reseller appointed by the Supplier or other third party acquirer(s) or successor(s) in title, including but not limited to in the event that we sell or transfer all or any relevant portion of our business or assets (including in the event of a reorganisation, dissolution or liquidation); and any relevant third party provider, where our Sites use third party advertising, plugins or content. If you choose to interact with any such advertising, plugins or content, your Personal Data may be shared with the relevant third party provider. We recommend that you review that third party’s privacy policy before interacting with its advertising, plugins or content. Suppliers to the extent necessary to provide a product requested by you. any other relevant third party outsourced service providers, where our Sites use third parties to perform certain functions otherwise performed by Paddle, subject to binding contractual obligations of confidentiality. If we engage a third-party Processor to Process your Personal Data, the Processor will be subject to binding contractual obligations to: (i) only Process the Personal Data in accordance with our prior written instructions; and (ii) use measures to protect the confidentiality and security of the Personal Data; together with any additional requirements under applicable law, including the provisions at Section (H) below, with respect to international transfers. H. International Transfer of Personal Data Summary: We transfer Personal Data to recipients in other countries. Where we transfer Personal Data from the UK/EEA to a recipient outside the UK/EEA that is not in an Adequate Jurisdiction, we do so on the basis of Standard Contractual Clauses and in the presence of appropriate safeguards. Because of the international nature of our business, we transfer Personal Data within the Paddle group, and to third parties as noted in Section (G) above, in connection with the purposes set out in this Policy. For this reason, we may transfer Personal Data to other countries that may have different laws and data protection compliance requirements to those that apply in the country in which you are located. If an exemption or derogation applies (e.g., where a transfer is necessary to establish, exercise or defend a legal claim) we may rely on that exemption or derogation, as appropriate. Where no exemption or derogation applies, and we transfer your Personal Data from the UK/EEA to recipients located outside the UK/EEA who are not in an Adequate Jurisdiction, we do so on the basis of Standard Contractual Clauses and the presence of appropriate safeguards. Please contact the privacy team at privacy@paddle.com below if you wish to request a copy of our Standard Contractual Clauses. Please note that when you transfer any Personal Data directly to any Paddle entity established outside the UK/EEA, we are not responsible for that transfer of your Personal Data. We will nevertheless Process your Personal Data, from the point at which we receive those data, in accordance with the provisions of this Policy. I. Data Security Summary : We have implemented appropriate technical and organisational security measures to protect your Personal Data against unauthorised or unlawful Processing, and against accidental loss, destruction or damage. Insofar as you are able, please ensure that any Personal Data that you send to us is sent securely. We have implemented appropriate technical and organisational security measures designed to protect your Personal Data against accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure, unauthorised access, and other unlawful or unauthorised forms of Processing, from the point of collection to the point of destruction, in accordance with applicable law. Because the internet is an open system, the transmission of information via the internet is not completely secure. Although we will implement all reasonable measures to protect your Personal Data, we cannot guarantee the security of your data transmitted to us using the internet – any such transmission is at your own risk and you are responsible for ensuring that any Personal Data that you send to us are sent securely. J. Data Accuracy Summary : We take reasonable steps to ensure that your Personal Data is kept accurate and up-to-date and is erased or rectified if we become aware of inaccuracies. We take reasonable steps to ensure that: your Personal Data that we Process is accurate and, where necessary, kept up-to-date; and any of your Personal Data that we Process that is inaccurate (having regard to the purposes for which it was Processed) is erased or rectified without delay; From time to time we may ask you to confirm the accuracy of your Personal Data. K. Data Minimisation Summary : We take reasonable steps to limit the volume of your Personal Data that we Process to what is necessary. We take reasonable steps to ensure that your Personal Data that we Process is limited to the Personal Data reasonably necessary in connection with the purposes set out in this Policy. L. Data Retention Summary : We take reasonable steps to ensure that your Personal Data is only retained for as long as it is needed in connection with its lawful purpose. We take reasonable steps to ensure that your Personal Data is only Processed for the minimum period necessary for the purposes set out in this Policy. The criteria for determining the duration for which we will retain your Personal Data is as follows: 1. We will retain Personal Data in a form that permits identification as long as: we maintain an ongoing relationship with you (e.g., where you are lawfully included in our mailing list and have not unsubscribed); or your Personal Data is necessary in connection with the lawful purposes set out in this Policy, for which we have a valid legal basis (e.g., where your Personal Data is included in a contract between us and your employer, and we have a legitimate interest in Processing that Personal Data for the purposes of operating our business and fulfilling our obligations under that contract; or where we have a legal obligation to retain your Personal Data) Plus: 2. The duration of: any applicable limitation period under applicable law (i.e., any period during which any person could bring a legal claim against us in connection with your Personal Data, or to which your Personal Data is relevant); and an additional two (2) month period following the end of such applicable limitation period (so that, if a person brings a claim at the end of the limitation period, we are still afforded a reasonable amount of time in which to identify any Personal Data that is relevant to that claim), And: 3. In addition, if any relevant legal claims are brought, we continue to Process Personal Data for such additional periods as are necessary in connection with that claim. During the periods noted above, we will restrict our Processing of your Personal Data to storage of, and maintaining the security of, those data, except to the extent that those data need to be reviewed in connection with any legal claim, or any obligation under applicable law. Once the periods noted above, each to the extent applicable, have concluded, we will either: permanently delete or destroy the relevant Personal Data; or anonymise the relevant Personal Data. M. Your Legal Rights Summary : Subject to applicable law, you may have a number of rights, including: the right not to provide your Personal Data to us; the right of access to your Personal Data; the right to request rectification of inaccuracies; the right to request the erasure, or restriction of Processing, of your Personal Data; the right to object to the Processing of your Personal Data; the right to have your Personal Data transferred to another Controller; the right to withdraw consent; and the right to lodge complaints with Data Protection Authorities. In some cases it will be necessary to provide evidence of your identity before we can give effect to these rights. Subject to applicable law, you may have the following rights regarding the Processing of your Relevant Personal Data: the right not to provide your Personal Data to us (however, please note that we will be unable to provide you with the full benefit of our Sites, products, or services, if you do not provide us with your Personal Data – e.g., we might not be able to process your requests without the necessary details); the right to request access to, or copies of, your Relevant Personal Data, together with information regarding the nature, Processing and disclosure of that Relevant Personal Data; the right to request rectification (or correction) of any inaccuracies in your Relevant Personal Data; the right to request, on legitimate grounds: erasure of your Relevant Personal Data or restriction of Processing of your Relevant Personal Data the right to have certain Relevant Personal Data transferred to another Controller, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format, to the extent applicable; where we Process your Relevant Personal Data on the basis of your consent, the right to withdraw that consent (noting that such withdrawal does not affect the lawfulness of any Processing performed prior to the date on which we receive notice of such withdrawal, and does not prevent the Processing of your Personal Data in reliance upon any other available legal bases); and the right to lodge complaints regarding the Processing of your Relevant Personal Data with a Data Protection Authority (in particular, the Data Protection Authority of the EU Member State in which you live, or in which you work, or in which the alleged infringement occurred, each if applicable). Subject to applicable law, you may also have the following additional rights regarding the Processing of your Relevant Personal Data: the right to object, on grounds relating to your particular situation, to the Processing of your Relevant Personal Data by us or on our behalf, where such processing is based on Articles 6(1)(e) (public interest) or 6(1)(f) (legitimate interests) of the GDPR; the right to object to the Processing of your Relevant Personal Data by us or on our behalf for direct marketing purposes; and opt you out of the automated processing of your Personal Data in furtherance of decisions that produce legal or similarly significant effects, if applicable. This does not affect your statutory rights. To exercise one or more of these rights, or to ask a question about these rights or any other provision of this Policy, or about our Processing of your Personal Data, you may submit your request via https://preferences.paddle.com/privacy . Please note that: in some cases it will be necessary to provide evidence of your identity before we can give effect to these rights; where your request requires the establishment of additional facts (e.g., a determination of whether any Processing is non-compliant with applicable law) we will investigate your request reasonably promptly, before deciding what action to take; and certain information may be exempt from such requests under applicable law. Depending on applicable law, you may have the right to appeal our decision to deny your request. You can contact us as set forth above to appeal such decision. N. Cookies and Similar Technologies Summary : We Process Personal Data by using Cookies and similar technologies. For more information, please see our Cookie Policy. When you visit a Site we will typically place Cookies onto your device, or read Cookies already on your device, subject always to obtaining your consent, where required, in accordance with applicable law. We use Cookies to record information about your device, your browser and, in some cases, your preferences and browsing habits. We Process Personal Data through Cookies and similar technologies, in accordance with our Cookie Policy . O. Terms of Use Summary : All Suppliers are subject to Terms of Use that govern all use of our Site. All use of our Merchant of Record services is subject to each Supplier’s Terms of Use. We recommend that you review your applicable Terms of Use to ensure that you are aware of your obligations and where applicable, regularly in order to review any changes we might make from time to time as this may influence your rights under this Policy. P. Terms of Sale Summary : Our Buyer Terms and Conditions govern the sale of all Products by Paddle. All sales of Products are subject to our Buyer Terms and Conditions . We recommend that you review these regularly, in order to review any changes we might make from time to time as this may influence your rights under this Policy. Q. Direct Marketing Summary : We Process Personal Data to contact you with information regarding Sites, products, or services that may be of interest to you. You may unsubscribe for free at any time. We Process Personal Data to contact you via email, telephone, direct mail or other communication formats to provide you with information regarding Sites, products, or services that may be of interest to you. We also Process Personal Data for the purposes of displaying content tailored to your use of our Sites, products, or services. If we provide Sites, products, or services to you, we may send or display information to you regarding our Sites, products, or services, upcoming promotions and other information that may be of interest to you, including by using the contact details that you have provided to us, or any other appropriate means, subject always to obtaining your prior opt-in consent to the extent required under applicable law. You may change your preferences, or unsubscribe from our promotional email list at any time by simply clicking on the unsubscribe link included in every promotional electronic communication and updating your communication preferences. Please note that it may take up to a month to process your unsubscribe request during which time you may continue to receive communications from us. After you unsubscribe, we will not send you further promotional emails, but in some circumstances we will continue to contact you to the extent necessary for the purposes of any Sites, products, or services you have requested (for example, we may send you emails about your Paddle projects or our ongoing business relationship). R. California Consumer Privacy Act Disclosures R. California Disclosures Summary : Under the California Consumer Privacy Act as amended (“CCPA”), we must disclose our practices regarding the collection, use, and disclosure of the Personal Information of California Residents (“Consumers”). Consumers are also afforded additional rights with regard to the Personal Information that we collect about them that include the rights of access, deletion, and to be free from discrimination. This section of our Privacy Policy includes the disclosures required by the CCPA. Collection of Personal Information: We have collected and will collect the following general categories of Personal Information about Consumers, relative to your relationship with Paddle: Personal identifiers, such as names, aliases, postal addresses, unique personal identifiers, online identifiers, internet protocol addresses, email addresses, account names, social security numbers, driver’s license numbers, and passport numbers, Categories of Personal Information enumerated in Cal. Civ. Code § 1798.80(e) including names, addresses, telephone numbers, credit and debit card identifiers; Protected classifications, including sex, age, and national origin; Commercial information, including products or Services you have purchased, and your purchasing history; Internet or other electronic network activity information; Geolocation data; Audio, visual or similar information; Professional or employment related information; Education information; and Inferences drawn from your personal information for use in creating a consumer profile (e.g. behaviour). Please note that not all of the above will apply to you, as it will depend on your relationship with Paddle (e.g. Employee, customer, etc). Use of Personal Information We may use the categories of Personal Information described above for the following business or commercial purposes: Advancing our commercial or economic business interests through our services and products to our Suppliers and customers; Maintaining and servicing Supplier accounts; Auditing Supplier activity on our Sites; Processing or fulfilling orders and transactions; Processing, managing, and accounting for transactions; Providing customer support and support to Suppliers; Verifying customer and Supplier information; For short term, transient uses (such as contextual advertising); To understand and enhance your experience on our Sites or with our services by utilising analytic services; Advertising our services; Linking or combining it with information received from third parties to help understand your needs and provide you with an enhanced service; Performing internal research for technological development; Ensuring and improving the quality and safety of our services and products; Debugging to address impairments to operational functionality; Detecting security incidents; Complying with applicable law and law enforcement requirements; Protecting against malicious, deceptive, fraudulent or illegal activity and assisting in the prosecution of those responsible for such activities; and Defending against or bringing legal action, claims and other liabilities. Categories of Sources of Personal Information We collect or obtain Personal Information about you from the following sources: You: We obtain Personal Information when you provide it to us (e.g., where you create an account, purchase products, participate in research, where you contact us via email or telephone, provide us information during meetings, at trade shows, during visits from sales or marketing representatives, or at events we attend, or by any other means, or when you submit a job application), and when you visit any of our Sites or use any features or resources available on or through a Site. Collaborations: We obtain Personal Information when you collaborate with us in research or in an advisory/consultancy capacity. Public sources: We collect or obtain Personal Information that you manifestly choose to make public, including via social media (e.g., we may collect information from your social media profile(s), if you make a public post about us). Registration details: We collect or obtain Personal Information when you use, or register to use, any of our Sites or services. Third Party content and advertising partners: If you interact with any third party content or advertising on a Site (including third party plugins and cookies) we receive Personal Information from the relevant third party provider of that content or advertising. Other third party sources: We collect or obtain Personal Information from third parties who provide it to us (e.g., credit reference agencies; law enforcement authorities; etc.). Disclosures of Personal Information We do not Sell any Personal Information to third parties. In particular, we do not Sell the personal information of minors under 16 years of age. In the preceding 12 months, we have disclosed the following categories of personal information to the following categories of recipients. The following is the categories of recipients to which we disclose information and the categories of Personal Information disclosed: To: Legal and regulatory authorities, upon request, or for the purposes of reporting any actual or suspected breach of applicable law or regulation; Personal Identifiers; Categories of personal information enumerated in Cal. Civ. Code § 1798.80(e) Commercial Information Internet or other electronic network activity information Geolocation data; Inferences for use in creating a consumer profile Accountants, auditors, consultants, lawyers and other outside professional advisors to Paddle, subject to binding contractual obligations of confidentiality; Personal identifiers; Categories of Personal Information enumerated in Cal. Civ. Code § 1798.80(e); Protected classifications (if provided); Commercial information; Geolocation data; Professional or employment related information; Inferences drawn from your personal information for use in creating a consumer profile. Third-party Processors (such as payment services providers etc.), located anywhere in the world, subject to the requirements noted in Section (G); Personal identifiers; Categories of Personal Information enumerated in Cal. Civ. Code § 1798.80(e); Commercial information; Internet or other electronic network activity information; Geolocation data; Professional or employment related information; Education information; Inferences drawn from your personal information for use in creating a consumer profile. Any relevant party, regulatory body, governmental authority, law enforcement agency or court, to the extent necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims; Personal identifiers; Categories of Personal Information enumerated in Cal. Civ. Code § 1798.80(e) Protected classifications; Commercial information; Internet or other electronic network activity information; Geolocation data; Professional or employment related information; Inferences drawn from your personal information for use in creating a consumer profile. Any relevant party, regulatory body, governmental authority, law enforcement agency or court, for the purposes of prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties; Personal identifiers; Categories of Personal Information enumerated in Cal. Civ. Code § 1798.80(e); Commercial information; Internet or other electronic network activity information; Geolocation data; Any relevant third party provider, where our Sites use third party advertising, plugins or content; Personal identifiers; Commercial information; Internet or other electronic network activity information; Inferences drawn from your personal information for use in creating a consumer profile. Retention We determine the duration for which we will retain your Personal Data is as follows: The status of our ongoing relationship with you (e.g. where you are lawfully included in our mailing list and have not unsubscribed); or If your Personal Data is necessary in connection with the lawful purposes set out in this Policy, for which we have a valid legal basis (e.g. where your Personal Data is included in a contract between us and your employer, and we have a legitimate interest in Processing that Personal Data for the purposes of operating our business and fulfilling our obligations under that contract; or where we have a legal obligation to retain your Personal Data). Plus, the duration of: any applicable limitation period under applicable law (i.e. any period during which any person could bring a legal claim against us in connection with your Personal Data, or to which your Personal Data is relevant); and an additional two (2) month period following the end of such applicable limitation period (so that, if a person brings a claim at the end of the limitation period, we are still afforded a reasonable amount of time in which to identify any Personal Data that is relevant to that claim). And: In addition, if any relevant legal claim are brought, we continue to Process Personal Data for such additional periods as are necessary in connection with that claim. S. Consumer Rights Under the CCPA Summary : Subject to the CCPA, you may have a number of rights, including: the right to know about your Personal Information, right to request the deletion of your Personal Information, the right to opt out of a Sale or Sharing of your Personal Information, the right to correct inaccurate records of your Personal Information, the right to limit the use and disclosure of any Sensitive Personal Information and the right to non-discrimination when you exercise your rights under the CCPA You may make a request to exercise a right as set forth above. Generally, in order to verify your request, we will compare the Personal Information we already hold about you to the Personal Information we will request in the course of processing your request. The Personal Information required for verification may include your name and email address, or further information if we reasonably believe it is necessary to verify you. To exercise your rights under the CCPA, please follow the instructions described in this section. Right to Know About Personal Information. Consumers have the right to request that we disclose the following information, in a readily useable format, covering the 12 month period preceding the request: The categories of Personal Information we collected about you. The purposes for which the categories of Personal Information collected about you will be used. The categories of sources for the Personal Information we collected about you. The categories of third parties with whom we share Personal Information. Our business or commer | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
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https://x.com/tos#int-chapter5 | X Terms of Service Skip to main content Terms of Service <path opacity="0" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> <path d="M17.207 11.293l-7.5-7.5c-.39-.39-1.023-.39-1.414 0s-.39 1.023 0 1.414L15.086 12l-6.793 6.793c-.39.39-.39 1.023 0 1.414.195.195.45.293.707.293s.512-.098.707-.293l7.5-7.5c.39-.39.39-1.023 0-1.414z" /> </svg>" data-icon-arrow-left="<svg width="28px" height="28px" viewbox="0 0 28 28" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon u01b__icon-arrow-left"> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round"> <g transform="translate(-1216.000000, -298.000000)" stroke-width="2.25"> <g transform="translate(1200.000000, 282.000000)"> <g transform="translate(17.000000, 17.000000)"> <path d="M0.756410256,12.8589744 L25.7179487,12.8589744"></path> <path d="M13.2371795,25.3397436 L25.7179487,12.8589744"></path> <path d="M13.2371795,12.4807692 L25.3397436,0.378205128" transform="translate(19.288462, 6.429487) rotate(-90.000000) translate(-19.288462, -6.429487) "></path> </g> </g> </g> </g> </svg>" data-icon-chevron-down="<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon"> <path opacity="0" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> <path d="M20.207 7.043c-.39-.39-1.023-.39-1.414 0L12 13.836 5.207 7.043c-.39-.39-1.023-.39-1.414 0s-.39 1.023 0 1.414l7.5 7.5c.195.195.45.293.707.293s.512-.098.707-.293l7.5-7.5c.39-.39.39-1.023 0-1.414z" /> </svg>" data-icon-close="<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 24 24" style="enable-background:new 0 0 24 24;" xml:space="preserve" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon--md"> <g> <g> <defs> <rect id="SVGID_1_" x="-468" y="-1360" width="1440" height="3027" /> </defs> <clippath id="SVGID_2_"> <use xlink:href="#SVGID_1_" style="overflow:visible;" /> </clippath> </g> </g> <rect x="-468" y="-1360" class="st0" width="1440" height="3027" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0,0);stroke-width:3;stroke:rgb(0,0,0)" /> <path d="M13.4,12l5.8-5.8c0.4-0.4,0.4-1,0-1.4c-0.4-0.4-1-0.4-1.4,0L12,10.6L6.2,4.8c-0.4-0.4-1-0.4-1.4,0c-0.4,0.4-0.4,1,0,1.4 l5.8,5.8l-5.8,5.8c-0.4,0.4-0.4,1,0,1.4c0.2,0.2,0.4,0.3,0.7,0.3s0.5-0.1,0.7-0.3l5.8-5.8l5.8,5.8c0.2,0.2,0.5,0.3,0.7,0.3 s0.5-0.1,0.7-0.3c0.4-0.4,0.4-1,0-1.4L13.4,12z" /> </svg>" data-icon-search="<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="none" class="twtr-icon"> <path opacity="0" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /> <path d="M22.06 19.94l-3.73-3.73C19.38 14.737 20 12.942 20 11c0-4.97-4.03-9-9-9s-9 4.03-9 9 4.03 9 9 9c1.943 0 3.738-.622 5.21-1.67l3.73 3.73c.292.294.676.44 1.06.44s.768-.146 1.06-.44c.586-.585.586-1.535 0-2.12zM11 17c-3.308 0-6-2.692-6-6s2.692-6 6-6 6 2.692 6 6-2.692 6-6 6z" /> </svg>" data-icon-search-submit="<svg width="21" height="21" viewbox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="none" class="twtr-icon"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M16.33 14.21L20.06 17.94C20.646 18.525 20.646 19.475 20.06 20.06C19.768 20.354 19.384 20.5 19 20.5C18.616 20.5 18.232 20.354 17.94 20.06L14.21 16.33C12.738 17.378 10.943 18 9 18C4.03 18 0 13.97 0 9C0 4.03 4.03 0 9 0C13.97 0 18 4.03 18 9C18 10.942 17.38 12.737 16.33 14.21ZM3 9C3 12.308 5.692 15 9 15C12.308 15 15 12.308 15 9C15 5.692 12.308 3 9 3C5.692 3 3 5.692 3 9Z" fill="white" /> </svg>" data-bg-color="white-neutral" data-root-page-title="Terms of Service" data-search-placeholder="Search" data-search-query-key="q" data-search-query-type="?" data-scribe-element="RJPO" data-scribe-section="u01b-navigation" data-cta-enabled="true" data-cta-text="Download PDF" data-cta-link="https://cdn.cms-twdigitalassets.com/content/dam/legal-twitter/site-assets/terms-of-service-2025-05-08/en/x-terms-of-service-2025-05-08.pdf" data-cta-link-new-tab="true"> Terms of Service We have made some updates to our Terms of Service. This version of the Terms of Service will go into effect on January 15, 2026. Until then, the current Terms of Service continue to apply. Summary of our Terms These Terms of Service (“Terms”) are part of the User Agreement – a legally binding contract governing your relationship with X. You should read these Terms in full, but here are a few key things you should take away: You will see advertising on the platform: In exchange for accessing the Services, X and our third-party providers and partners may display advertising to you. When posting Content and otherwise using the Services, you must comply with this User Agreement and Applicable Law: You are responsible for your use of the Services and your Content. You must comply with the User Agreement, including all applicable policies and rules, and all applicable laws. You must abide by the Services’ acceptable use terms: You may not access the Services in any way other than through the currently available, published interfaces that we provide. For example, this means that you cannot scrape the Services without X’s express written permission, try to work around any technical limitations we impose, or otherwise attempt to disrupt the operation of the Services. We have broad enforcement rights: X reserves the right to take enforcement actions against you if you do violate these terms, such as, for example, removing your Content, limiting visibility, discontinuing your access to X, or taking legal action. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, also impose obligations on X to enforce against not only illegal content but also categories of content deemed by law to be “harmful” or “unsafe.” As a result, your Content or account may be subject to restrictions in those jurisdictions. We may also suspend or terminate your account for other reasons, such as prolonged inactivity, risk of legal exposure, or commercial inviability. There are intellectual property licenses in these Terms: You retain ownership and rights to any of your Content you post or share, and you provide us with a broad, royalty-free license to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. Conversely, we provide you a license to use the software we provide as part of the Services, such as the X mobile application, solely for the purpose of enabling you to use and enjoy the benefit of the Services. Your use of the Services is at your own risk: We provide the Services on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis, and we disclaim all warranties, responsibility, and liability to you or others to the extent permitted by law. You may be exposed to offensive or harmful Content posted by other users. The Services may change from time to time, and we may limit or terminate availability of the Services or particular features to you or other users at any time. You have remedies and redress mechanisms, but our liability is limited: You have a right to terminate this agreement at any time by deactivating your account and discontinuing use of the Services. Depending on your country of residence, we may not be liable for certain types of damages as described in the agreement, and in any event, our aggregate liability shall not exceed the greater of $100 USD or the amount you paid us, if any, in the past six months for the Services giving rise to the claim. Further, if you believe that your Content has been displayed on the Services in an unauthorized manner that constitutes copyright infringement, the reporting process is detailed in these Terms. If you are a recipient of the X Service in the United Kingdom, you may challenge enforcement actions (such as Content removal or account suspension) that breach these Terms by filing a complaint through our internal complaints process or by bringing a claim in a competent court, as provided under the Online Safety Act 2023. You can find details on how to file a complaint here . If you are a recipient of the X Service in the European Union, you may challenge certain decisions we make under the Digital Services Act (Regulation (EU) 2022/2065) via our internal process or via out-of-court dispute settlement as described here . Please also note that these Terms incorporate our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) as well as other terms applicable to your use of the Services and your Content. Finally, these Terms may vary depending on where you live, but in any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use X. If you live outside the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom, including if you live in the United States, the X User Agreement comprises these Terms of Service , our Privacy Policy , our Rules and Policies , and all incorporated policies. If you live in the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom, the X User Agreement comprises these Terms of Service , our Privacy Policy , our Rules and Policies , and all incorporated policies. X Terms of Service If you live outside the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom, including if you live in the United States These Terms of Service (“Terms”) govern your relationship with us and your and other users’ access to and use of, and anything otherwise relating to, our or our corporate affilitates’ services, including our various websites, SMS, APIs, email notifications, applications, buttons, widgets, ads, commerce services, and our other covered services ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-services-and-corporate-affiliates ) that link to these Terms (collectively, the “Services”), and any information, text, links, graphics, photos, audio, videos, or other materials or arrangements of materials uploaded, downloaded or appearing on the Services (collectively referred to as “Content”). By using the Services you agree to be bound by these Terms. These Terms are an agreement between you and X Corp., which provides X and the Services, with its registered office at 865 FM 1209, Building 2, Bastrop, TX 78602 U.S.A. The words “we,” “us,” and “our” mean X Corp. 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services You may use the Services only if you agree to form a binding contract with us and are not a person barred from receiving services under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction. In any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use the Services. If you are (i) accepting these Terms and/or using the Services, which constitutes acceptance of these Terms, or (ii) accepting these Terms in order to authorize the use of the Services on behalf of a minor (being any person under the age of majority in any given country), company, organization, government, or other legal entity, you represent and warrant that you are authorized to do so or, as the case may be, have the authority to bind such minor and/or entity to these Terms. The words “you” and “your” as used in these Terms shall refer either to the person accepting these Terms or such minor (as defined in (i)) and/or the entity referenced in (ii), as applicable. 2. Privacy Our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) describes how we handle the information you provide to us when you use the Services. You understand that through your use of the Services you consent to the collection and use (as set forth in the Privacy Policy) of this information, including the transfer of this information to the United States, Ireland, and/or other countries for storage, processing and use by us and our affiliates. 3. Content on the Services You are responsible for your use of the Services and for any Content, including anything referenced therein, you provide, create, post, or otherwise utilize, including any inputs, prompts, outputs, and/or information obtained or created through the Services. It is your responsibility to comply with all applicable laws, rules, policies, and regulations that are applicable to you or your Content, including on a third party’s or our affiliates’ services. You should only provide, create, or generate Content that you are comfortable sharing with others. Any use or reliance on any Content or materials posted via the Services or obtained by you through the Services is at your own risk. We do not endorse, support, represent or guarantee the completeness, truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any Content or communications posted or otherwise obtained via the Services or endorse any alleged facts or opinions expressed via the Services. You understand that by using the Services, you may be exposed to Content that might be offensive, harmful, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate, or in some cases, postings that have been mislabeled or are otherwise deceptive. All Content, including anything referenced therein, is the sole responsibility of the person who posted, generated, inputted, or created such Content. We may not monitor or control the Content posted, generated, inputted, or created via the Services, and we cannot take responsibility for such Content. We reserve the right to remove Content that violates the User Agreement, including for example, copyright or trademark violations or other intellectual property misappropriation, impersonation, unlawful conduct, or harassment. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, impose obligations on us to enforce against categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe, such as bullying and humiliating content, content that promotes or encourages feeding or eating disorders, as well as content that encourages or makes available knowledge of methods of self-harm and suicide. As a result, your Content may be subject to restrictions as required by these jurisdictions. Information regarding specific policies and the process for reporting or appealing violations can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies , https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-report-violation#specific-violations , and https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/suspended-x-accounts ). If you believe that your Content has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please report this by visiting our Copyright reporting form ( https://help.x.com/forms/ipi ) or contacting our designated copyright agent at: X Corp. Attn: Copyright Agent 865 FM 1209, Building 2 Bastrop, TX 78602 Reports: https://help.x.com/forms/ipi Email: copyright@x.com Your Rights and Grant of Rights in the Content You retain your rights to any Content, including anything referenced therein, you submit, input, create, generate, post, or display on or through the Services. What’s yours is yours — you own your Content (and your incorporated audio, photos, and videos are considered part of the Content). In choosing to submit, input, create, generate, post, or display Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display, upload, download, and distribute such Content, including anything referenced therein, in any and all media or distribution methods now known or later developed, for any purpose. For clarity, these rights include, for example, curating, transforming, and translating. This license authorizes us to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. You agree that this license includes the right for us to (i) analyze text and other information you provide and to otherwise provide, promote, and improve the Services, including, for example, for use with and training of our machine learning and artificial intelligence models, whether generative or another type; and (ii) to make Content submitted to or through the Services available to other companies, organizations or individuals, including, for example, for improving the Services and the syndication, broadcast, distribution, repost, promotion or publication of such Content on other media and services, subject to our terms and conditions for such Content use. Such additional uses by us, or other companies, organizations or individuals, is made with no compensation paid to you with respect to the Content that you submit, post, transmit or otherwise make available through the Services as the use of the Services by you is hereby agreed as being sufficient compensation for the Content and grant of rights herein. We have an evolving set of rules for how ecosystem partners can interact with your Content on the Services. These rules exist to enable an open ecosystem with your rights in mind. You understand that we may modify or adapt your Content as it is distributed, syndicated, published, or broadcast by us and our partners and/or make changes to your Content in order to adapt the Content to different media. You represent and warrant that you have, or have obtained, all rights, licenses, consents, permissions, power and/or authority necessary to grant the rights granted herein for any Content that you input, submit, create, post, generate, or display on or through the Services. You agree and warrant that such Content does not contain material subject to copyright or other proprietary rights, unless you have obtained the necessary permissions or are otherwise legally entitled to post or otherwise use the material and to grant us the license described above. 4. Using the Services Please review our Rules and Policies , which are part of the User Agreement and outline conduct that is prohibited on the Services, as well as categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe in certain jurisdictions. You may use the Services only in compliance with these Terms and all applicable laws, rules and regulations. X takes enforcement actions when Content or user behavior is in violation of our Rules and Policies or in relation to sensitive media. You can review X’s enforcement options and how you can appeal our enforcement decision here . The Services evolve constantly. As such, the Services may change from time to time, at our discretion. We may stop (permanently or temporarily) providing the Services or any features within the Services to you or to users generally. We also retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time. We may also remove or refuse to distribute any Content on the Services, limit distribution or visibility of any Content on the service, suspend or terminate users, and reclaim usernames without liability to you. In consideration for our granting you access to and use of the Services, you agree that we and our third-party providers and partners may place advertising on the Services or in connection with the display of Content or information from the Services whether submitted by you or others. We also reserve the right to access, read, preserve, and disclose any information as we reasonably believe is necessary to (i) satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process or governmental request; (ii) enforce the Terms, including investigation of potential violations hereof; (iii) detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security or technical issues; (iv) respond to user support requests; or (v) protect the rights, property or safety of X, its users and the public. We do not disclose personally-identifying information to third parties except in accordance with our Privacy Policy . Certain services or features may be offered on X for which additional terms and conditions may apply in connection with your use of those services. By using or paying for any of these additional services, you agree to any additional terms applicable to those services, and those additional terms become part of our agreement with you. If any of the applicable additional terms conflict with these Terms, the additional terms will prevail while you are using those services to which they apply. If you use paid features, products, or services of the Services, you agree to the applicable Terms for Paid Services ( https://legal.x.com/purchaser-terms ). If you use developer features, products, or services of the Services, including but not limited to X for Websites ( https://developer.x.com/docs/x-for-websites ), X Cards ( https://developer.x.com/docs/x-for-websites/cards/overview/abouts-cards ), Public API ( https://developer.x.com/docs ), or Sign in with X ( https://docs.x.com/resources/fundamentals/authentication/guides/log-in-with-x ), you agree to our Developer Agreement ( https://developer.x.com/developer-terms/agreement ) and Developer Policy ( https://developer.x.com/developer-terms/policy ). If you want to reproduce, modify, create derivative works, distribute, sell, transfer, publicly display, publicly perform, transmit, or otherwise use the Services or Content on the Services, you must use the interfaces and instructions we provide, except as permitted through the Services, these Terms, or the terms provided on https://developer.x.com/developer-terms . Otherwise, all such actions are strictly prohibited. If you are a security researcher, you are required to comply with the rules of our Vulnerability Reporting Program ( https://hackerone.com/x ). The requirements set out in the preceding paragraph may not apply to those participating in our Vulnerability Reporting Program. If you use advertising features, products, or services of the Services in any way, including but not limited to self-service and managed service offerings, you agree that your use of the advertising features, products, and services as well as your advertisements are subject to the terms of our Master Services Agreement ( https://ads.x.com/terms ). Your Account You may need to create an account to use the Services. You are responsible for safeguarding your account, so use a strong password and limit its use to this account, and use two-factor authentication via an authenticator app or security key. We cannot and will not be liable for any loss or damage arising from your failure to comply with the above. You can control most communications from the Services. We may need to provide you with certain communications, such as service announcements and administrative messages. These communications are considered part of the Services and your account, and you may not be able to opt-out from receiving them. If you added your phone number to your account and you later change or deactivate that phone number, you must update your account information to help prevent us from communicating with anyone who acquires your old number. Your License to Use the Services We give you a personal, worldwide, royalty-free, non-assignable and non-exclusive license to use the software provided to you as part of the Services. This license cannot be assigned, gifted, sold, shared or transferred in any other manner to any other individual or entity without X’s express written consent. This license has the sole purpose of enabling you to use and enjoy the benefit of the Services as provided on X, in the manner permitted by these Terms. The Services are protected by copyright, trademark, and other laws of both the United States and other countries. Nothing in the Terms gives you a right to use the X name or Twitter name or any of the X or Twitter trademarks, logos, domain names, other distinctive brand features, and other proprietary rights, and you may not do so without our express written consent. All right, title, and interest in and to the Services (excluding Content provided by users) are and will remain our and our licensors' exclusive property. Any feedback, comments, or suggestions you may provide regarding X, or the Services is entirely voluntary and we will be free to use such feedback, comments or suggestions as we see fit and without any obligation to you. Misuse of the Services You also agree not to misuse the Services, for example, by interfering with them or accessing them using a method other than the interface and the instructions that we provide. You agree that you will not work around any technical limitations in the software provided to you as part of the Services, or reverse engineer, decompile or disassemble the software, except and only to the extent that applicable law expressly permits. You may not do any of the following while accessing or using the Services: (i) access, tamper with, or use non-public areas of the Services, our computer systems, or the technical delivery systems of our providers; (ii) probe, scan, or test the vulnerability of any system or network or breach or circumvent any security or authentication measures; (iii) access or search or attempt to access or search the Services by any means (automated or otherwise) other than through our currently available, published interfaces that are provided by us (and only pursuant to the applicable terms and conditions), unless you have been specifically allowed to do so in a separate agreement with us (NOTE: crawling or scraping the Services in any form, for any purpose without our prior written consent is expressly prohibited); (iv) attempt to circumvent, manipulate, or disable systems and Services, including through "jailbreaking", “prompt engineering or injection", or other methods intended to override or manipulate safety, security or other platform controls; (v) forge any TCP/IP packet header or any part of the header information in any email or posting; (vi) in any way use the Services to send altered, deceptive or false source-identifying information; (vii) engage in any conduct that violates our Platform Manipulation and Spam Policy or any other Rules and Policies , including our Misuse of Reporting Features Policy ; or (viii) interfere with, or disrupt, (or attempt to do so), the access of any user, host or network, including, without limitation, sending a virus, overloading, flooding, spamming, mail-bombing the Services, or by scripting the creation of Content in such a manner as to interfere with or create an undue burden on the Services. It is also a violation of these Terms to facilitate or assist others in violating these Terms, including by distributing products or services that enable or encourage violation of these Terms. Ending These Terms You may end your legal agreement with us at any time by deactivating your accounts and discontinuing your use of the Services. See https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/how-to-deactivate-x-account for instructions on how to deactivate your account and the Privacy Policy for more information on what happens to your information. We may suspend or terminate your account or cease providing you with all or part of the Services at any time if we reasonably believe: (i) you have violated these Terms or our Rules and Policies , (ii) you create risk or possible legal exposure for us; (iii) your account should be removed due to unlawful conduct; (iv) your account should be removed due to prolonged inactivity; or (v) our provision of the Services to you is no longer commercially viable. We will make reasonable efforts to notify you by the email address associated with your account or the next time you attempt to access your account, depending on the circumstances. To the extent permitted by law, we may also terminate your account or cease providing you with all or part of the Services for any other reason or no reason at our convenience. In all such cases, the Terms shall terminate, including, without limitation, your license to use the Services, except that the following sections shall continue to apply: 2, 3, 5, 6, and the misuse provisions of Section 4 (“Misuse of the Services”). If you believe your account was terminated in error you can file an appeal following the steps found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/forms/account-access/appeals ). For the avoidance of doubt, these Terms survive the deactivation or termination of your account. 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability The Services are Available "AS-IS" Your access to and use of the Services or any Content are at your own risk. You understand and agree that the Services are provided to you on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis. The “X Entities” refers to X Corp., its parents, affiliates, related companies, officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, partners, and licensors. Without limiting the foregoing, to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, THE X ENTITIES DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. The X Entities make no warranty or representation and disclaim all responsibility and liability for: (i) the completeness, accuracy, availability, timeliness, security or reliability of the Services or any Content; (ii) any harm to your computer system, loss of data, or other harm that results from your access to or use of the Services or any Content; (iii) the deletion of, or the failure to store or to transmit, any Content and other communications maintained by the Services; and (iv) whether the Services will meet your requirements or be available on an uninterrupted, secure, or error-free basis. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained from the X Entities or through the Services, will create any warranty or representation not expressly made herein. Limitation of Liability NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER TERMS TO THE CONTRARY, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE X ENTITIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, RELIANCE OR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS OR REVENUES, WHETHER INCURRED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OR ANY LOSS OF DATA, USE, GOODWILL, OR OTHER INTANGIBLE LOSSES, RESULTING FROM (i) YOUR ACCESS TO OR USE OF OR INABILITY TO ACCESS OR USE THE SERVICES; (ii) ANY CONDUCT OR CONTENT OF ANY USER OR THIRD PARTY ON THE SERVICES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY DEFAMATORY, OFFENSIVE OR ILLEGAL CONDUCT OF OTHER USERS OR THIRD PARTIES; (iii) ANY CONTENT OBTAINED FROM THE SERVICES; OR (iv) UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS, USE OR ALTERATION OF YOUR TRANSMISSIONS OR CONTENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE X ENTITIES EXCEED THE GREATER OF ONE HUNDRED U.S. DOLLARS (U.S. $100.00) OR THE AMOUNT YOU PAID US, IF ANY, IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS FOR THE SERVICES GIVING RISE TO THE CLAIM. THE LIMITATIONS OF THIS SUBSECTION SHALL APPLY TO ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, STATUTE, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE X ENTITIES HAVE BEEN INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH DAMAGE, AND EVEN IF A REMEDY SET FORTH HEREIN IS FOUND TO HAVE FAILED OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. IN THE EVENT ANY PORTION OF THESE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY PROVISIONS IS DEEMED UNENFORCEABLE AS A MATTER OF LAW, THAT LIMITATION SHALL INSTEAD BE THE GREATEST LIMITATION PERMITTED BY LAW. BY AGREEING TO THESE TERMS OR USING THE SERVICES, YOU AGREE, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THAT THE X ENTITIES ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE TO YOU OR OTHERS FOR THE ACTIONS OR CONDUCT OF USERS AND THIRD PARTIES ON THE SERVICES, OR FOR ANY CONTENT USERS AND THIRD PARTIES SHARE ON THE SERVICES, INCLUDING OFFENSIVE, DEFAMATORY, ILLEGAL OR OTHER OBJECTIONABLE CONTENT. Liquidated Damages Protecting our users’ data and our system resources is important to us. You further agree that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, if you violate the Terms, or you induce or knowingly facilitate others to do so, in addition to all other legal remedies available to us, you will be jointly and severally liable to us for liquidated damages as follows for requesting, viewing, or accessing more than 1,000,000 posts (including reply posts, video posts, image posts, and any other posts) in any 24-hour period - $15,000 USD per 1,000,000 posts. You agree that these amounts are (i) a reasonable estimate of our damages; (ii) not a penalty; and (iii) not otherwise limiting of our ability to recover from you or others under any legal or equitable theory or claim, including but not limited to statutory damages and/or equitable relief. You further agree that repeated violations of these Terms will irreparably harm and entitle us to injunctive and/or other equitable relief, in addition to monetary damages. 6. General We may revise these Terms from time to time. The changes will not be retroactive, and the most current version of the Terms, which will always be at https://x.com/tos , will govern our relationship with you. We will try to notify you of material revisions, for example via a service notification or an email to the email associated with your account. By continuing to access or use the Services after those revisions become effective, you agree to be bound by the revised Terms. The laws of the State of Texas, excluding its choice of law provisions, will govern these Terms and any dispute that arises between you and us, notwithstanding any other agreement between you and us to the contrary. Notwithstanding any other agreement to the contrary, all disputes related to these Terms, the Services, or any patents — including without limitation disputes related to or arising from any Content (whether your or others’ Content), or your or others’ use of the Services or the complete or partial termination thereof — shall be brought and must proceed exclusively in the federal or state courts located in Tarrant County, Texas, United States, and you consent to personal jurisdiction in those forums and waive any objection as to inconvenient forum. For the avoidance of doubt, the choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall apply regardless of whether a dispute or any claims contained therein are based in contract, tort, statute, common law, or otherwise, and the choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall apply to pending and future disputes and shall apply to your dispute regardless of when the conduct relating to the dispute arose or occurred. The choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall also extend to disputes involving our U.S. corporate affiliates, who are intended third-party beneficiaries of this paragraph. Without prejudice to the foregoing, you agree that, in its sole discretion, X may bring any claim, cause of action, or dispute we have against you in any competent court in the country in which you reside that has jurisdiction and venue over the claim. To the extent permitted by law, you also waive the right to participate as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class action, collective action or representative action proceeding against us or our corporate affiliates. If you are a federal, state, or local government entity in the United States using the Services in your official capacity and legally unable to accept the controlling law, jurisdiction or venue clauses above, then those clauses do not apply to you. For such U.S. federal government entities, these Terms and any action related thereto will be governed by the laws of the United States of America (without reference to conflict of laws) and, in the absence of federal law and to the extent permitted under federal law, the laws of the State of Texas (excluding choice of law). You and X agree that you must initiate any proceeding or action asserting a federal claim within one (1) year of the date of the occurrence of the event or facts giving rise to a dispute that is arising out of or related to these Terms or the Services. You and X agree that you must initiate any proceeding or action asserting a state law claim within two (2) years of the date of the occurrence of the event or facts giving rise to a dispute that is arising out of or related to these Terms or the Services. Otherwise, to the extent permitted by applicable law, you forever waive the right to pursue any claim or cause of action, of any kind or character, based on such events or facts, and such claims or causes of action are permanently barred. In the event that any provision of these Terms is held to be invalid or unenforceable, then that provision will be limited or eliminated to the minimum extent necessary, and the remaining provisions of these Terms will remain in full force and effect. Our failure to enforce any right or provision of these Terms will not be deemed a waiver of such right or provision. The X User Agreement is written in English but is made available in multiple languages through translations. X strives to make the translations as accurate as possible to the original English version. However, in case of any discrepancies or inconsistencies, the English language version of the X User Agreement shall take precedence. You acknowledge that English shall be the language of reference for interpreting and constructing the terms of the X User Agreement. If you have any questions about these Terms, please contact us . Effective: January 15, 2026 Archive of Previous Terms X Terms of Service If you live in the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom These Terms of Service (“Terms”) govern your relationship with us and your and other users’ access to and use of, and anything otherwise relating to, our or our corporate affiliates’ services, including our various websites, SMS, APIs, email notifications, applications, buttons, widgets, ads, commerce services, and our other covered services ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-services-and-corporate-affiliates ) that link to these Terms (collectively, the “Services”), and any information, text, links, graphics, photos, audio, videos, or other materials or arrangements of materials uploaded, downloaded or appearing on the Services (collectively referred to as “Content”). By using the Services you agree to be bound by these Terms. These Terms are an agreement between you and X Internet Unlimited Company (Co. number 503351, VAT number IE9803175Q), an Irish company, which provides X and the Services, with its registered office at One Cumberland Place, Fenian Street Dublin 2, D02 AX07 Ireland. The words “we,” “us,” and “our,” mean X Internet Unlimited Company. 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services You may use the Services only if you agree to form a binding contract with us and are not a person barred from receiving services under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction. In any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use the Services. If you are (i) accepting these Terms and/or using the Services, which constitutes acceptance of these Terms, or (ii) accepting these Terms in order to authorize the use of the Services on behalf of a minor (being any person under the age of majority in any given country), company, organization, government, or other legal entity, you represent and warrant that you are authorized to do so or, as the case may be, have the authority to bind such minor and/or entity to these Terms. The words “you” and “your” as used in these Terms shall refer either to the person accepting these Terms or such minor (as defined in (i)) and/or the entity referenced in (ii), as applicable. 2. Privacy Our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) describes how we handle the information you provide to us when you use the Services. You understand that through your use of the Services you consent to the collection and use (as set forth in the Privacy Policy) of this information, including the transfer of this information to the United States, Ireland, and/or other countries for storage, processing and use by us and our affiliates. 3. Content on the Services You are responsible for your use of the Services and for any Content, including anything referenced therein, you provide, create, post, or otherwise utilize, including any inputs, prompts, outputs, and/or information obtained or created through the Services. It is your responsibility to comply with all applicable laws, rules, policies, and regulations that are applicable to you or your Content, including on a third party’s or affiliates’ services. You should only provide, create, or generate Content that you are comfortable sharing with others. Any use or reliance on any Content or materials posted via the Services or obtained by you through the Services is at your own risk. We do not endorse, support, represent or guarantee the completeness, truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any Content or communications posted or otherwise obtained via the Services or endorse any alleged facts or opinions expressed via the Services. You understand that by using the Services, you may be exposed to Content that might be offensive, harmful, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate, or in some cases, postings that have been mislabeled or are otherwise deceptive. Content recommendations are made based on a combination of factors: how you engage with the Services, the topics you have indicated that you are interested in, and likes of other users with your similar interests. Adjustments can be made in your settings, and additional information can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/resources/recommender-systems ). All Content, including anything referenced therein, is the sole responsibility of the person who posted, generate, inputted, or created such Content. We may not monitor or control the Content posted, generated, inputted, or created via the Services, and we cannot take responsibility for such Content. We reserve the right to remove Content that violates the User Agreement, including for example, copyright or trademark violations or other intellectual property misappropriation, impersonation, unlawful conduct, or harassment. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, impose obligations on us to enforce against categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe, such as bullying and humiliating content, content that promotes or encourages feeding or eating disorders, as well as content that encourages or makes available knowledge of methods of self-harm and suicide. As a result, your Content may be subject to restrictions as required by these jurisdictions. Information regarding specific policies and the process for reporting or appealing violations can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies , https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-report-violation , and https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/suspended-x-accounts ). If you believe that your Content has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please report this by visiting our Copyright reporting form ( https://help.x.com/forms/ipi ) or contacting our designated copyright agent at: X Corp. Attn: Copyright Agent 865 FM 1209, Building 2 Bastrop, TX 78602 Reports: https://help.x.com/forms/ipi Email: copyright@x.com Your Rights and Grant of Rights in the Content You retain your rights to any Content, including anything referenced therein, you submit, input, create, generate, post, or display on or through the Services. What’s yours is yours — you own your Content (and your incorporated audio, photos, and videos are considered part of the Content). In choosing to submit, input, create, generate, post, or display Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display, upload, download, and distribute such Content, including anything referenced therein, in any and all media or distribution methods now known or later developed, for any purpose. For clarity, these rights include, for example, curating, transforming, and translating. This license authorizes us to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. However, if you have chosen via our features to limit the distribution of your Content to a restricted community, we will respect that choice. You also agree that this license includes the right to analyze text and other information you provide with the view to improve the Services. You agree that this license includes the right for us to (i) provide, promote, and improve the Services, including, for example, for use with and training of our machine learning and artificial intelligence models, whether generative or another type; and (ii) to make Content submitted to or through the Services available to other companies, organizations or individuals, including, for example, for improving the Services and the syndication, broadcast, distribution, repost, promotion or publication of such Content on other media and services, subject to our terms and conditions for such Content use. Such additional uses by us, or other companies, organizations or individuals, is made with no compensation paid to you with respect to the Content that you submit, post, transmit or otherwise make available through the Services as the use of the Services by you is hereby agreed as being sufficient compensation for the Content and grant of rights herein. We have an evolving set of rules for how ecosystem partners can interact with your Content on the Services. These rules exist to enable an open ecosystem with your rights in mind. You understand that we may modify or adapt your Content as it is distributed, syndicated, published, or broadcast by us and our partners and/or make changes to your Content in order to adapt the Content to different media. You represent and warrant that you have, or have obtained, all rights, licenses, consents, permissions, power and/or authority necessary to grant the rights granted herein for any Content that you input, submit, create, post, generate, or display on or through the Services. You agree and warrant that such Content does not contain material subject to copyright or other proprietary rights, unless you have obtained the necessary permissions or are otherwise legally entitled to post or otherwise use the material and to grant us the license described above. 4. Using the Services Please review our Rules and Policies , which are part of the User Agreement and outline conduct that is prohibited on the Services, as well as categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe in certain jurisdictions. You may use the Services only in compliance with these Terms and all applicable laws, rules and regulations. X takes enforcement actions when Content or user behavior is in violation of our Rules and Policies or in relation to sensitive media. You can review X’s enforcement options and how you can appeal our enforcement decision here . The Services evolve constantly. As such, the Services may change from time to time, at our discretion. We may stop (permanently or temporarily) providing the Services or any features within the Services to you or to users generally. We also retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time. We may also remove or refuse to distribute any Content on the Services, limit distribution or visibility of any Content on the service, suspend or terminate users, and reclaim usernames if it is appropriate, including for the following reasons: (i) protecting the Services or our users; (ii) compliance with applicable laws or orders from competent authorities; (iii) breach of these Terms or our Rules and Policies or third parties' intellectual property or other rights; (iv) if you or your Content exposes us, other users or any third party to legal or regulatory risk; and/or (v) your prolonged inactivity. In consideration for our granting you access to and use of the Services, you agree that we and our third-party providers and partners may place advertising on the Services or in connection with the display of Content or information from the Services whether submitted by you or others. We also reserve the right to access, read, preserve, and disclose any information as we reasonably believe is necessary to (i) satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process or governmental request; (ii) enforce the Terms, including investigation of potential violations hereof; (iii) detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security or technical issues; (iv) respond to user support requests; or (v) protect the rights, property or safety of X, its users and the public. We do | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/cheat-sheets/git-branches | Working with Branches in Git | Learn Version Control with Git Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Working with Branches in Git Download our popular cheat sheet and learn all about working with branches Working with Branches in Git Cheat Sheet Branches are one of Git's most important concepts. It is essential to have a thorough understanding of how branches work, but memorizing all these commands can be hard. That's why we created a nice cheat sheet for you to use! From creating and deleting branches, all the way to publishing, renaming and comparing... it's all here. Download the Cheat Sheet Get 17 of our most popular Cheat Sheets in one handy ZIP! Download Now for Free Download the Cheat Sheet Get 17 of our most popular Cheat Sheets in one handy ZIP! Download Now for Free Giveaways. Cheat Sheets. eBooks. Discounts. And great content from our blog! Yes, I want the free newsletter that's loved by over 100,000 developers and designers. It's free, it's sent infrequently (approx. once a month) and you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice | Privacy Policy | Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://forem.com/new/spanish | New Post - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close Join the Forem Forem is a community of 3,676,891 amazing members Continue with Apple Continue with Facebook Continue with GitHub Continue with Google Continue with Twitter (X) OR Email Password Remember me Forgot password? By signing in, you are agreeing to our privacy policy , terms of use and code of conduct . New to Forem? Create account . 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://forem.com/new/qweb#main-content | New Post - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close Join the Forem Forem is a community of 3,676,891 amazing members Continue with Apple Continue with Facebook Continue with GitHub Continue with Google Continue with Twitter (X) OR Email Password Remember me Forgot password? By signing in, you are agreeing to our privacy policy , terms of use and code of conduct . New to Forem? Create account . 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/videos/merge-branches?channel=cli | Merging Branches | Learn Git Video Course Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Learn Version Control with Git Our beginner-friendly video course teaches you the foundations of Git - and takes you from novice to master! 2 min episode 12 of 24 Merging Branches How can I integrate changes from one branch into another branch? Learn More Chapter Merging Chapter in our online book. Previous Video « Creating & Checking Out Branches Next Video Using the Stash » Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice | Privacy Policy | Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners. | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://forem.com/enter?signup_subforem=59#main-content | Welcome! - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Join the Forem Forem is a community of 3,676,891 amazing members Continue with Apple Continue with Facebook Continue with GitHub Continue with Google Continue with Twitter (X) OR Email Password Remember me Forgot password? By signing in, you are agreeing to our privacy policy , terms of use and code of conduct . New to Forem? Create account . 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:23 |
https://www.git-tower.com/blog/posts/tower-windows-91 | Tower 9.1 for Windows — Gitea and Gitmoji Support | Tower Blog You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience. Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download < Back to Blog Tower 9.1 for Windows — Gitea and Gitmoji Support Bruno Brito July 2025 | 5 min read Share: With the release of Tower 9.1 for Windows, we're bringing the power of Gitea directly to our Git client! This means that you can now add your Gitea accounts and manage your precious repositories and pull requests without ever leaving Tower 😊 Gitea isn't the only star of the show; this release also introduces support for Gitmoji, allowing you to create more meaningful and expressive commits! In an age where cloud services reign supreme, the idea of hosting your own code might seem a bit old-school. But for many, privacy, control, and performance are paramount. This is where self-hosted Git solutions truly shine, offering a robust alternative to public cloud providers. And among these, Gitea has emerged as a fantastic candidate. Gitea is a lightweight, open-source, self-hosted Git service that provides everything you need for Git hosting, code review, team collaboration, and more, all within your own infrastructure. This means complete control over your data, enhanced security, and, often, better performance tailored to your specific needs. It's also very popular among teams that simply want to avoid vendor lock-in. ☝️ If you're new to Gitea, we have prepared a quick tutorial to help you get started with Gitea on a VPS 😎 All right, let's see how you can add Gitea as a remote service to Tower and get started! If you prefer, you can also watch the 5-minute video tour below: Adding a Gitea Account to Tower Getting your Gitea account set up in Tower is a breeze and it works like adding any other remote service, like GitHub, BitBucket, or GitLab. To add a new Gitea service account, simply follow these steps: Navigate to the "Remote Services" view by clicking the cloud icon in the toolbar, selecting "View > Show Services," or pressing Alt + S . Tower — "Services" in the Toolbar Click on the "Gitea" or "Gitea Self-Hosted" option in the Service Accounts list, or click the "+" button in the bottom-left corner to add a new Gitea account. Tower — "Gitea" and "Gitea Self-Hosted" options Tower will then prompt you for your Gitea instance URL and your credentials. Enter the full URL of your Gitea server (if self-hosted) and then provide your username and password (or better yet, a personal access token for more secure authentication). Tower — Add Gitea Account Once you've entered your details, click "Add Account". Tower will verify your credentials; if successful, your Gitea account will appear in your Services list. Tower — Gitea Repositories And just like that, you're connected! All your Gitea repositories will now be accessible, ready for you to clone, fetch, and manage! 🎉 Inspecting Gitea Pull Requests in Tower One of the most powerful features of Git is the ability to collaborate through pull requests. Gitea enables you to easily create pull requests directly in the browser, as shown below. Creating a Pull Request in Gitea However, Tower allows you to seamlessly manage your Gitea pull requests, making code review and collaboration even more efficient — no need to open browser windows! Once your Gitea account is added (as described in the previous chapter), open any repository and navigate to the "Pull Requests" section in Tower's sidebar, found under the "Workspace" heading. Tower will display a list of all open pull requests for that repository. You'll see key information such as the pull request title, author, and status. Tower — Gitea Pull Requests Click on any pull request in the list to open its detailed view. You will find 3 tabs: Conversation : View comments from your team members and reply. Commits : Browse the commit history and inspect individual file changes. Changeset : View the full diff of changes. At the bottom, you will also have the option to check out, close, or merge the pull request, assuming you have the necessary permissions. This functionality eliminates the constant context switching between your Git client and the Gitea web interface — it's all about staying in the flow 😎 Gitmoji Support Gitmoji is an open-source project that aims to standardize the use of emojis in commit messages. You can learn more about it in this blog post. While you can manually enter the necessary emojis when creating a commit, the recommended method is to use the Gitmoji CLI tool or… the latest release of Tower for Windows! 😎 Let's see it in action. Crafting a Commit with Gitmoji Tower supports Gitmoji without the need to install any additional tools. This feature was first introduced in Tower 10.5 for Mac and is now also available on Tower for Windows. To include emojis in your commit message, just type :: in the "Commit Subject" field. A list of emojis will show up, along with descriptions of their meanings. You can also have a look at the complete list of emojis available here . Tower 9.1 for Windows — Add Gitmoji Gitmoji is also available in our Commit Composing tools, which you can access by simply typing / . Tower 9.1 for Windows — Commit Composing with Gitmoji That's it! As you can see, adding the right emoji to your commit messages is quite simple. Tower will also display the emojis in any "History" view, as shown below. Tower 9.1 for Windows — History View with Gitmoji Other Improvements As is tradition, we've also addressed some other small improvements and bug fixes, such as: LFS: Pulling LFS repositories now works as expected. Sidebar: Remote names are now accurately updated after renaming. Network Paths: Fixed a potential crash when handling network paths. Services: Enhanced logic for matching repositories to their configured services. UI: Increased separator visibility in Dark Mode and improved visualization of parent-child branch relationships. Portable Git: Updated to version 2.50.0 for improved compatibility and performance and upgraded the zip utility to support the latest compression formats. Shortcuts: Reassigned the Ctrl + Shift + Backspace shortcut to the "Reset" action and removed it from "Discard All Changes", ensuring more intuitive shortcut behavior. Stacked branches: Fixed an issue where the restack context menu item was incorrectly enabled, as well as an issue where, under certain conditions, the restack dialog validation could run indefinitely. For the complete changelog, please have a look at the Release Notes . We hope you enjoy our latest Windows release. Happy committing! 😊 New to Tower? Download our 30-day free trial and discover a more efficient way to work with Git! Try Tower 9.1 Now PS: Did you know? Tower Pro is now free for students as well as teachers and educational institutions! Table of Contents Introduction Adding a Gitea Account to Tower Inspecting Gitea Pull Requests in Tower Gitmoji Support Other Improvements We make Tower, the best Git client. Try Tower Now Search the Blog Related Posts Tower 9.0 for Windows — Git Worktree Support Tower 9.0 for Windows now includes support for Worktrees! You can easily create, check out, and manage Worktrees right in your favorite Git client! 🫡 Tower 13 for Mac — Introducing Graphite Support Tower 13 introduces Graphite support! With this update, you can now manage your stacked branches and create Pull Requests without ever leaving our Git client. How Framer Manages Their Codebase with Tower We sat down with Jonas Treub and Niels van Hoorn from the Framer team to understand how Tower assists them in version controlling the Framer codebase, so that their users can build stunning websites. We make Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows. 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https://youtu.be/Sklc_fQBmcs | Next.js in 100 Seconds // Plus Full Beginner's Tutorial - YouTube 정보 보도자료 저작권 문의하기 크리에이터 광고 개발자 약관 개인정보처리방침 정책 및 안전 YouTube 작동의 원리 새로운 기능 테스트하기 © 2026 Google LLC, Sundar Pichai, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View CA 94043, USA, 0807-882-594 (무료), yt-support-solutions-kr@google.com, 호스팅: Google LLC, 사업자정보 , 불법촬영물 신고 크리에이터들이 유튜브 상에 게시, 태그 또는 추천한 상품들은 판매자들의 약관에 따라 판매됩니다. 유튜브는 이러한 제품들을 판매하지 않으며, 그에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. var ytInitialData = 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions bingkahu Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Joined Joined on Jan 11, 2026 github website Education School Work Student More info about @bingkahu Badges Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close Currently hacking on A P2P encrypted messaging service. Available for I'm available for anything! Post 6 posts published Comment 7 comments written Tag 0 tags followed From Moths to Microservices: A Comprehensive History of Coding: Part 1 bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 From Moths to Microservices: A Comprehensive History of Coding: Part 1 # discuss # programming # coding # software 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Want to connect with bingkahu? Create an account to connect with bingkahu. You can also sign in below to proceed if you already have an account. Create Account Already have an account? Sign in Seeking Peer Connections for CodeChat P2P Testing bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 Seeking Peer Connections for CodeChat P2P Testing # watercooler # coding # github # gamedev Comments Add Comment 2 min read I let an AI with "20 years experience" architect my project and it was a disaster bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 I let an AI with "20 years experience" architect my project and it was a disaster # github # opensource # ai # programming 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Gemini told me it had 20 years in coding experience and spent 2 hours debugging a for-loop bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 Gemini told me it had 20 years in coding experience and spent 2 hours debugging a for-loop # coding # ai # dumb # debugging 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 1 min read Building the "Round City" of Baghdad in Three.js: A Journey Through History and Performance bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 Building the "Round City" of Baghdad in Three.js: A Journey Through History and Performance # showdev # webdev # javascript # html 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Built a Serverless P2P Chat with Zero Backend 🚀 bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 11 How I Built a Serverless P2P Chat with Zero Backend 🚀 # javascript # webdev # opensource # p2p 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://docs.replit.com | Replit Docs Skip to main content Replit home page Docs Tutorials Trust & Billing Teams & Enterprise Changelog Start Building Start Building Search... Navigation Getting Started Introduction Search... ⌘ K Getting Started Introduction Quickstarts Core Concepts Overview Agent Autonomy & validation Features Integrations Visual edits Replit Apps Overview Import Collaboration Visibility Advanced Configuration App Embed Developer Frameworks Replit Workspace Overview Features Themes Publishing your App Overview Deployment Types Advanced Configuration Storage and Databases Overview Databases App Storage Platforms Mobile App Desktop App ChatGPT Additional Resources CLUI Cheat Sheet FAQ On this page Quickstart guides Create new apps Import existing projects Workspace features AI companion capabilities Share in minutes Additional information Getting Started Introduction Copy page Replit is the fastest way to go from idea to app. Create and publish full-stack apps from your browser with AI at your fingertips—no installation or setup required. Copy page Replit is an AI-powered platform that lets you create and publish apps from a single browser tab. Instead of wrestling with complex development environments, you get coding, publishing, and collaboration tools in one integrated interface. Building apps traditionally requires installing programs, languages, and packages—a time-consuming setup process. On Replit, the platform configures your environment instantly, so you can start building whether you’re a beginner or experienced developer. You have everything required to create apps from one browser tab—no installation required. With AI coding tools, real-time collaboration, and instant sharing, Replit gets you from idea to app, fast. Quickstart guides To create your app on Replit, choose the guide that matches your needs: Create new apps Remix an existing app ⏱️ 1 minute Jump-start your project by building on community-contributed apps. Ask AI ⏱️ 7 minutes Use the AI-powered Replit tools to create, explain, and debug your app. Build from Scratch ⏱️ 15 minutes Create a full-stack app with complete control. Import existing projects Import from GitHub ⏱️ 2 minutes Import an existing GitHub repository into Replit. Import from Figma ⏱️ 3 minutes Convert your Figma designs into functional React applications. Import from Bolt ⏱️ 4 minutes Migrate your Bolt projects to Replit with Agent assistance. Import from Lovable ⏱️ 4 minutes Transfer your Lovable projects to Replit and continue building. Workspace features Replit provides the following essential app creation tools: Real-time preview of your app Publish in minutes Browser native app that requires zero installation and configuration Full-featured code editor Mobile app for building apps from your phone or tablet AI-assisted app creation Version control integration for tracking changes Team collaboration for building together AI companion capabilities Replit Agent accelerates app creation with the following capabilities: Complete app generation and setup from natural language descriptions Code suggestions and autocomplete Automated error detection and debugging assistance Documentation generation for your app Share in minutes Publish your apps in minutes using the following tools: App publishing to the cloud in a few clicks Database integration and hosting Custom domain support and connection encryption for your applications Additional information To learn more about all of Replit’s features, see the following resources: Starter Plan : Learn about Starter plan features and what you can build for free Learn about the Workspace features from Workspace Features . Learn about the capabilities of the Replit AI-powered features from Replit Agent . Learn how to share your creations from Sharing Your Replit App . Download the mobile app for iOS or Android devices. Was this page helpful? Yes No Build Your First App Next ⌘ I x linkedin youtube Powered by | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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https://forem.com/codesandboxio | CodeSandbox - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow Organization actions CodeSandbox Instant cloud development environments that keep you in flow CodeSandbox provides instant cloud development environments that keep developers in flow. Joined Joined on Mar 2, 2021 Twitter logo GitHub logo External link icon Support email support@codesandbox.io Meet the team Post 50 posts published Member 10 members Inside the Box: September Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Oct 15 '24 Inside the Box: September Community Update # community # webdev # product Comments Add Comment 2 min read Inside the Box: August Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Sep 12 '24 Inside the Box: August Community Update # webdev # community Comments Add Comment 2 min read Inside the Box: July Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Aug 8 '24 Inside the Box: July Community Update # webdev # product # community Comments Add Comment 2 min read Inside the Box: June Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Jul 9 '24 Inside the Box: June Community Update # webdev # product # community Comments Add Comment 2 min read Inside the Box: May Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Jun 10 '24 Inside the Box: May Community Update # webdev # product # community Comments Add Comment 2 min read Inside the Box: April Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow May 17 '24 Inside the Box: April Community Update # webdev # product # community Comments Add Comment 3 min read Inside the Box: March Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Apr 16 '24 Inside the Box: March Community Update # webdev # product # community Comments Add Comment 3 min read Inside the Box: February Community Update Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Filipe Lima Follow Mar 13 '24 Inside the Box: February Community Update # webdev # product # community 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://forem.com/dev-is-cracked#main-content | Brian Zavala - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Brian Zavala CS Student & Dad. I build privacy-first apps on Arch Linux (btw). Turning caffeine into code. Location Texas Joined Joined on Sep 2, 2024 Personal website https://meme-creator.app github website Education Bachelor of science in computer science Pronouns He/Him Work Founder & Lead Dev More info about @dev-is-cracked Badges One Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least one year. Got it Close Skills/Languages JavaScript, TypeScript, React, Node.js, Python, Linux Currently learning Deep diving into React 19 (use hook, server actions) and running AI in the browser with ONNX / WebAssembly. Currently hacking on Meme Creator: A local-first, privacy-focused design tool built with React 19 and onnxruntime-web. (No server uploads, no watermarks). Available for Open Source collaboration, roasting my spaghetti code, and discussions about architecture. Post 2 posts published Comment 2 comments written Tag 5 tags followed Pin Pinned I made a Meme Creator because I hate watermarks Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Follow Jan 13 I made a Meme Creator because I hate watermarks # opensource # react # webdev # javascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read I built a Meme Creator to roast my own Spaghetti Code (No watermarks, no BS, free!) Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Follow Jan 13 I built a Meme Creator to roast my own Spaghetti Code (No watermarks, no BS, free!) # showdev # webdev # watercooler # react Comments Add Comment 1 min read Want to connect with Brian Zavala? Create an account to connect with Brian Zavala. You can also sign in below to proceed if you already have an account. Create Account Already have an account? Sign in loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://dev.to/adnan_arif_14ae4bc014267f/the-future-of-social-media-with-ai-recommendations-a-technical-exploration-hg3 | The Future of Social Media with AI Recommendations: A Technical Exploration - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Adnan Arif Posted on Jan 3 • Originally published at kobraapi.com The Future of Social Media with AI Recommendations: A Technical Exploration # ai # machinelearning # technology The Future of Social Media with AI Recommendations: A Technical Exploration Introduction: Navigating the Complexities of Social Media Personalization The landscape of social media is ever-evolving, characterized by vast arrays of content and a diverse global user base. As platforms burgeon with user-generated content, the challenge of delivering personalized experiences has intensified. The crux of the problem lies in sifting through massive datasets to serve users with content that is not only relevant but also engaging. Traditional recommendation systems, often reliant on collaborative filtering or content-based approaches, struggle to keep pace with the dynamic nature of social media, where user preferences shift rapidly and context is paramount. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) emerge as pivotal technologies, offering sophisticated tools to enhance recommendation systems. The integration of AI in social media recommendation architectures promises not only to refine the accuracy of content delivery but also to enhance user satisfaction and engagement metrics significantly. This article delves into the technical underpinnings of AI-driven recommendation systems in social media, outlining key concepts, architectural frameworks, and real-world implementations. Core Concepts and Terminology To comprehend the technical intricacies of AI recommendations on social media, it is essential to grasp several core concepts and terminologies: Recommendation Systems : These are algorithms designed to suggest content to users based on various factors, including user behavior, content characteristics, and historical data. The primary goal is to improve user engagement by providing personalized content. Collaborative Filtering : A technique used in recommendation systems that makes automatic predictions about a user's interests by collecting preferences from many users. This method assumes that if user A and user B have similar tastes, user A is likely to prefer what user B likes. Content-Based Filtering : This approach recommends items similar to those a user has liked in the past. It relies on the attributes of the items themselves rather than on user interactions. Deep Learning : A subset of machine learning involving neural networks with many layers (deep networks) that can model complex patterns in large datasets. In recommendation systems, deep learning can capture intricate relationships between users and items. Natural Language Processing (NLP) : A field of AI that gives machines the ability to read, understand, and derive meaning from human language. NLP is critical in analyzing textual content on social media for better recommendations. Hybrid Systems : These systems combine multiple recommendation algorithms to leverage the strengths of each, often leading to more accurate predictions than any single technique. Technical Architecture of AI-Driven Recommendation Systems The architecture of AI-driven recommendation systems in social media involves several layers, each playing a crucial role in processing and delivering content: Data Collection Layer : This layer gathers data from various sources, including user interactions, content metadata, and contextual signals (e.g., time of day, location). The volume and diversity of data necessitate robust data handling capabilities. Preprocessing and Feature Extraction : Raw data is transformed into a format suitable for machine learning. This involves cleaning the data, handling missing values, and extracting relevant features such as user preferences, content attributes, and engagement metrics. Model Training Layer : At this stage, machine learning models are trained using the prepared data. This layer typically involves the use of deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch to build neural networks that can learn complex patterns. Techniques such as matrix factorization, word embeddings, and graph-based models are frequently employed. Recommendation Engine : Once trained, the models are deployed into a recommendation engine that processes real-time input to generate content suggestions. This engine often utilizes hybrid approaches, combining collaborative and content-based filtering with deep learning techniques to improve accuracy and relevance. Feedback Loop : Continuous feedback is essential for refining recommendations. User interactions with recommended content are tracked to adjust models dynamically, ensuring they remain responsive to changing user behaviors and preferences. Real-World Example: Instagram's AI-Driven Recommendations To illustrate the impact of AI-driven recommendations, consider the implementation by Instagram, a leading social media platform known for its highly personalized content delivery. Instagram employs a sophisticated recommendation system powered by deep learning models to curate content in users' feeds, explore tabs, and story recommendations. Metrics and Outcomes: User Engagement : By leveraging AI recommendations, Instagram has reported significant improvements in user engagement metrics. The platform observed an increase in time spent per user session, as personalized content proved more engaging. Content Discovery : AI-driven recommendations have enhanced content discovery, allowing users to explore new, relevant content beyond their existing network. This has been particularly impactful in the Explore tab, where Instagram uses convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to analyze images and derive user preferences. Real-Time Performance : Instagram's recommendation engine operates with high efficiency, delivering personalized content in real-time. The system processes billions of data points daily, leveraging distributed computing frameworks to maintain performance and scalability. User Satisfaction : The precision of AI recommendations has been linked to higher user satisfaction scores. Users appreciate the relevance of the content served, which aligns closely with their interests and preferences. In conclusion, AI-driven recommendation systems are transforming the social media landscape by offering unparalleled personalization at scale. As these systems continue to evolve, leveraging advancements in AI and ML, they promise to further refine user experiences, driving engagement and loyalty across platforms. In the subsequent parts of this article, we will explore additional real-world examples, delve into future trends, and discuss the ethical considerations of deploying AI in social media recommendations. Advanced Implementation Patterns and Best Practices As AI-driven recommendation systems become integral to social media platforms, leveraging advanced implementation patterns and best practices is crucial to maximize their potential. These systems must be designed to handle the complexities of real-time data processing, scalability, and dynamic user interaction. Here are some advanced patterns and practices: 📖 Read the full article with code examples and detailed explanations: kobraapi.com Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Adnan Arif Follow Joined Dec 16, 2025 More from Adnan Arif The Essential Guide to Building a Climate Data Analysis Project # climatedata # dataanalysis # climatechange # machinelearning AI Ethics: Should Machines Make Decisions for Us? # ai # machinelearning # technology From Manual Testing to AI Pipelines: Lessons That Never Changed in My QA Career # ai # machinelearning # testing 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # clojure Follow Hide Create Post Older #clojure posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu core.async: Deep Dive — Online Meetup Vladislav Chikishev Vladislav Chikishev Vladislav Chikishev Follow Dec 5 '25 core.async: Deep Dive — Online Meetup # clojure Comments Add Comment 1 min read No, Clojure: your REPL is not new – or best Dimension AI Technologies Dimension AI Technologies Dimension AI Technologies Follow Dec 20 '25 No, Clojure: your REPL is not new – or best # clojure # readevaluateprintloop # programminghistory # basic Comments 6 comments 9 min read Even in the AI era, Clojure gives the biggest performance boost, with Jeremiah Via, The New York Times Artem Barmin Artem Barmin Artem Barmin Follow Nov 28 '25 Even in the AI era, Clojure gives the biggest performance boost, with Jeremiah Via, The New York Times # clojure # techpodcast # kafka # freshcode Comments Add Comment 1 min read What it was like to give a talk at Clojure South 2025 Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Follow Dec 3 '25 What it was like to give a talk at Clojure South 2025 # clojure # functional # nubank # elm Comments Add Comment 6 min read Advanced Beginner’s guide to ClojureScript Roman Liutikov Roman Liutikov Roman Liutikov Follow Nov 7 '25 Advanced Beginner’s guide to ClojureScript # javascript # clojure # clojurescript 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Como foi palestrar na Clojure South 2025 Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Follow Nov 23 '25 Como foi palestrar na Clojure South 2025 # clojure # programaçãofuncional # nubank # serpro 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read JavaScript | Closure Jose Juarez Junior Jose Juarez Junior Jose Juarez Junior Follow Oct 16 '25 JavaScript | Closure # javascript # programming # clojure # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Native Apps with ClojureScript, React and Static Hermes Roman Liutikov Roman Liutikov Roman Liutikov Follow Nov 17 '25 Native Apps with ClojureScript, React and Static Hermes # javascript # clojure # clojurescript # hermes 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read JavaFX In Action #21 with Vlad Protsenko, Combining Clojure with JavaFX for Game Development with Defold Frank Delporte Frank Delporte Frank Delporte Follow Oct 16 '25 JavaFX In Action #21 with Vlad Protsenko, Combining Clojure with JavaFX for Game Development with Defold # java # javafx # defold # clojure 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Programação funcional - primeiras impressões com Clojure Laura Fumagalli Laura Fumagalli Laura Fumagalli Follow Sep 25 '25 Programação funcional - primeiras impressões com Clojure # clojure # programming # functionalreactiveprogramming # backend Comments Add Comment 8 min read Tutorial on Advanced P-adic Structures with Clojure: Monadic and Parallel Enhancements. Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Follow Sep 7 '25 Tutorial on Advanced P-adic Structures with Clojure: Monadic and Parallel Enhancements. # algorithms # clojure # avx2 Comments Add Comment 12 min read The Alchemist's Endgame: My Final Synthesis of p-adic Clojure and Legacy Code. Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Follow Sep 12 '25 The Alchemist's Endgame: My Final Synthesis of p-adic Clojure and Legacy Code. # clojure # cobol # pl1 Comments Add Comment 6 min read 🌌A Tutorial on P-adic Structures with Clojure. Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Follow Sep 2 '25 🌌A Tutorial on P-adic Structures with Clojure. # clojure # algorithms # datastructures # bigdata Comments Add Comment 4 min read 🌌 High-Performance 3D Spatial Data Sorting with Morton Codes in Clojure. Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Follow Aug 28 '25 🌌 High-Performance 3D Spatial Data Sorting with Morton Codes in Clojure. # clojure # algorithms # performance # functional Comments Add Comment 9 min read Building an Ultra-Metric Tree in Clojure: From Radix Filters to p-adic Distance Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Yoshihiro Hasegawa Follow Aug 22 '25 Building an Ultra-Metric Tree in Clojure: From Radix Filters to p-adic Distance # clojure # datastructures # algorithms # functional Comments Add Comment 5 min read De Kotlin e Go para Clojure: uma jornada de 8 meses no Nubank. Fernando Rosa Fernando Rosa Fernando Rosa Follow Aug 12 '25 De Kotlin e Go para Clojure: uma jornada de 8 meses no Nubank. # braziliandevs # clojure # kotlin # go 4 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 23] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Jul 22 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 23] # clojure # clj # programming # algorithms Comments Add Comment 2 min read Practice working with Clojure vectors ivan.gavlik ivan.gavlik ivan.gavlik Follow Mar 23 '25 Practice working with Clojure vectors # clojure # tutorial # beginners # functional Comments Add Comment 3 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 21] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Apr 5 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 21] # clojure # programming # algorithms # learning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 20] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Apr 4 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 20] # clojure # programming # algorithms # learning Comments Add Comment 3 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 19] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Apr 3 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 19] # clojure # programming # algorithms # learning Comments Add Comment 3 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 18] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Apr 2 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 18] # clojure # programming # algorithms # learning 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 17] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Apr 1 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 17] # programming # clojure # algorithms # learning Comments Add Comment 3 min read Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 16] André Borba André Borba André Borba Follow Mar 31 '25 Clojure Is Awesome!!! [PART 16] # clojure # programming # learning # algorithms Comments Add Comment 4 min read (Clojure Managing-User-Permissions) ivan.gavlik ivan.gavlik ivan.gavlik Follow Mar 30 '25 (Clojure Managing-User-Permissions) # functional # tutorial # beginners # clojure 2 reactions Comments 1 comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources No, Clojure: your REPL is not new – or best Native Apps with ClojureScript, React and Static Hermes Como foi palestrar na Clojure South 2025 What it was like to give a talk at Clojure South 2025 Advanced Beginner’s guide to ClojureScript 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Darryl Ruggles Principal Cloud Solutions Architect @ Ciena AWS Community Builder Serverless, AWS, Kubernetes, Rust, Go, Terraform, Security, React, MLOps, Maker, Electronics. Location Ottawa, ON, Canada Joined Joined on May 7, 2017 Personal website https://darryl-ruggles.cloud github website Education Acadia University Work Principal Cloud Solutions Architect @ Ciena Eight Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least eight years. Got it Close Seven Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least seven years. Got it Close Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close 4 Week Community Wellness Streak Keep contributing to discussions by posting at least 2 comments per week for 4 straight weeks. Unlock the 8 Week Badge next. Got it Close 2 Week Community Wellness Streak Keep the community conversation going! Post at least 2 comments for 2 straight weeks and unlock the 4 Week Badge. Got it Close 1 Week Community Wellness Streak For actively engaging with the community by posting at least 2 comments in a single week. Got it Close Six Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least six years. Got it Close Five Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least five years. Got it Close Four Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least four years. Got it Close Three Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least three years. Got it Close Two Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least two years. Got it Close One Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least one year. Got it Close More info about @rdarrylr Organizations AWS Community Builders GitHub Repositories step-functions-fargate-processor An AWS serverless example using AWS Lambda, Step Functions, and ECS fargate to process datasets Rust • 4 stars serverless-pizza-ordering Example Full-stack Serverless project using ReactJS, Momento Topics, Step Functions, API Gateway, ECS, Lambda, DynamoDB with streams, and more to build an online pizza shop where the progress of orders is updated automatically in the UI. JavaScript • 13 stars serverless-account-watcher Python • 6 stars managed-secure-sftp-using-terraform Terraform stack to deploy an S3 Bucket backed SFTP server in AWS using static IP addresses that will restrict incoming connections to specific IP ranges. Authentication is password based using AWS Lambda for validation with passwords stored in AWS Secrets Manager. HCL • 2 stars Skills/Languages Serverless, Kubernetes, AWS, Full Stack, Rust, Go, Python, React, MLOps, Forecasting, Maker, Electronics. Post 9 posts published Comment 75 comments written Tag 21 tags followed Pin Pinned Building a Serverless Sales Analytics Platform with AI Insights for Under $10/Month Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 29 '25 Building a Serverless Sales Analytics Platform with AI Insights for Under $10/Month # serverless # terraform # lambda # stepfunctions 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 10 min read Aurora DSQL - Build A Serverless Multi-Region E-Commerce Platform Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 18 '25 Aurora DSQL - Build A Serverless Multi-Region E-Commerce Platform # serverless # aurora # terraform # aws 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 11 min read Managed Secure SFTP using Terraform Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow Nov 24 '24 Managed Secure SFTP using Terraform # aws # sftp # serverless # terraform 8 reactions Comments 2 comments 9 min read Serverless Cloud Pizzeria Shop Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow Sep 30 '24 Serverless Cloud Pizzeria Shop # aws # serverless # react # terraform 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read Serverless Data Processor using AWS Lambda, Step Functions and Fargate on ECS (with Rust 🦀🦀) Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow Jan 25 '24 Serverless Data Processor using AWS Lambda, Step Functions and Fargate on ECS (with Rust 🦀🦀) # serverless # lambda # rust # fargate 10 reactions Comments 1 comment 10 min read My AWS Summit Toronto experience and GenAI Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow for AWS Community Builders Sep 6 '25 My AWS Summit Toronto experience and GenAI # community # aws # genai # agentcore 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 12 min read Want to connect with Darryl Ruggles? 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Sign in Serverless AWS Account Watcher Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow Sep 2 '24 Serverless AWS Account Watcher # aws # serverless # eventdriven # security 7 reactions Comments 2 comments 9 min read AWS SSO Credentials With Multiple Accounts Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow Aug 10 '24 AWS SSO Credentials With Multiple Accounts # aws # sso # cli # iam 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 9 min read Serverless Site Health Check Notification System Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Darryl Ruggles Follow Dec 23 '23 Serverless Site Health Check Notification System # aws # serverless # lambda # eventdriven 30 reactions Comments 1 comment 8 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close ChatGPT Follow Hide GPT models are capable of natural language processing tasks such as text generation, summarization, and analysis. ChatGPT interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format makes it possible for ChatGPT to answer follow-up questions, admit its mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. Create Post submission guidelines We welcome all posts around the topic of ChatGPT - technical articles, personal stories, discussions, and more! Older #chatgpt posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 109 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu The Quiet Shift: Why My Browser Tab Now Stays on Gemini Rashi Rashi Rashi Follow Jan 12 The Quiet Shift: Why My Browser Tab Now Stays on Gemini # ai # chatgpt # gemini # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to build a $5,000/Month AI System with ChatGPT + Gumroad Mashraf Aiman Mashraf Aiman Mashraf Aiman Follow Jan 13 How to build a $5,000/Month AI System with ChatGPT + Gumroad # ai # chatgpt # digitalworkplace # sideprojects Comments Add Comment 4 min read User flows are the new apps Bruno Pérez Bruno Pérez Bruno Pérez Follow Jan 12 User flows are the new apps # chatgpt # ux # agents # webdev 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Navigating Long AI Chats Is Broken — So I Built a Chrome Extension to Fix It Lingarao Yechuri Lingarao Yechuri Lingarao Yechuri Follow Jan 12 Navigating Long AI Chats Is Broken — So I Built a Chrome Extension to Fix It # chatgpt # gemini # productivity # ux Comments Add Comment 2 min read [Golang] Quickly Set Up a Free Local ChatGPT with Ollama and Build a LangChainGo Application Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Golang] Quickly Set Up a Free Local ChatGPT with Ollama and Build a LangChainGo Application # llm # tutorial # go # chatgpt Comments Add Comment 4 min read Today I Learned: Generative AI News and Applications, March 21, 2023 Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Today I Learned: Generative AI News and Applications, March 21, 2023 # news # openai # chatgpt # ai Comments 1 comment 3 min read Learning Golang REGEX with ChatGPT Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Learning Golang REGEX with ChatGPT # learning # chatgpt # go # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read Today I Learned: How OpenAI/ChatGPT Uses Your Data for Training Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Today I Learned: How OpenAI/ChatGPT Uses Your Data for Training # privacy # openai # chatgpt # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read From Deep Insight to Market Clarity Leigh k Valentine Leigh k Valentine Leigh k Valentine Follow Jan 12 From Deep Insight to Market Clarity # ai # machinelearning # performance # chatgpt 16 reactions Comments 2 comments 5 min read AI Assistants and the Drift Into Dependency Korovamode Korovamode Korovamode Follow Jan 9 AI Assistants and the Drift Into Dependency # ai # agents # chatgpt # aiassistants Comments Add Comment 5 min read Gemini vs GPT-4V: A Preliminary Comparison and Combination of Vision-Language Models Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Gemini vs GPT-4V: A Preliminary Comparison and Combination of Vision-Language Models # gemini # chatgpt # llm # ai Comments Add Comment 1 min read [TIL] Microsoft Build 2023 Day 1 - Summary Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL] Microsoft Build 2023 Day 1 - Summary # news # microsoft # chatgpt # ai Comments Add Comment 1 min read Today I Learned: Generative AI News and Applications, March 17, 2023 Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Today I Learned: Generative AI News and Applications, March 17, 2023 # news # ai # chatgpt Comments Add Comment 1 min read This Week in AI: ChatGPT Health Risks, Programming for LLMs, and Why Indonesia Blocked Grok Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Jan 11 This Week in AI: ChatGPT Health Risks, Programming for LLMs, and Why Indonesia Blocked Grok # news # ai # chatgpt # security Comments Add Comment 5 min read 3 Prompt Engineering Techniques That Unlock Better AI Reasoning Hamza Khan Hamza Khan Hamza Khan Follow Jan 11 3 Prompt Engineering Techniques That Unlock Better AI Reasoning # promptengineering # agents # llm # chatgpt 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read Vibecoding as a Legitimate Way to Bring Ideas to Life Jaclyn McMillan Jaclyn McMillan Jaclyn McMillan Follow Jan 10 Vibecoding as a Legitimate Way to Bring Ideas to Life # ai # vibecoding # chatgpt # vscode Comments Add Comment 3 min read Build a ChatGPT App with Mapbox Chris Tufts Chris Tufts Chris Tufts Follow for Mapbox Jan 9 Build a ChatGPT App with Mapbox # chatgpt # mcp # tutorial Comments Add Comment 9 min read How to Cut Your AI Costs in Half While Doubling Performance Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Follow Jan 10 How to Cut Your AI Costs in Half While Doubling Performance # programming # ai # webdev # chatgpt 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read Your Model Choice Doesn't Matter Nearly as Much as You Think...And That's Actually Good News Andrea Liliana Griffiths Andrea Liliana Griffiths Andrea Liliana Griffiths Follow Jan 9 Your Model Choice Doesn't Matter Nearly as Much as You Think...And That's Actually Good News # ai # chatgpt # github # machinelearning 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read The Tiny Sliders That Power AI (and Why There Are Trillions of Them) Rod Schneider Rod Schneider Rod Schneider Follow Jan 9 The Tiny Sliders That Power AI (and Why There Are Trillions of Them) # llm # ai # chatgpt Comments Add Comment 6 min read Why Your AI's Context Window Problem Just Got Solved (And What It Means For Your Bottom Line) Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Follow Jan 10 Why Your AI's Context Window Problem Just Got Solved (And What It Means For Your Bottom Line) # ai # programming # chatgpt # aiops 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read MCP Servers Rarely Crash. That’s the Problem. Divyanshu Shekhar Divyanshu Shekhar Divyanshu Shekhar Follow Jan 7 MCP Servers Rarely Crash. That’s the Problem. # ai # mcp # chatgpt # programming Comments Add Comment 3 min read They just shipped Code Mode for MCP in Bifrost and it's kind of wild Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Follow Jan 7 They just shipped Code Mode for MCP in Bifrost and it's kind of wild # mcp # programming # ai # chatgpt 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Okay, so AI is getting weirdly good now. Muhammad Ibrahim Muhammad Ibrahim Muhammad Ibrahim Follow Jan 7 Okay, so AI is getting weirdly good now. # ai # chatgpt # chatagent # development Comments Add Comment 2 min read How Exactly Are AI Models Deployed? CyberLord CyberLord CyberLord Follow Jan 6 How Exactly Are AI Models Deployed? # ai # beginners # machinelearning # chatgpt Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... trending guides/resources Efecto copos de nieve para dar a nuestra web un toque navideño Top 5 LiteLLM Alternatives in 2025 GPT 5.1 API Deep Dive LiteLLM Broke at 300 RPS in Production. Here's How We Fixed It GitHub Copilot Model Context Sizes (Nov 2025) Agentic Browsers Are Dangerous! AI Vulnerabilities: ChatGPT Atlas, Perplexity Comet Transformers: The Magic Engine Behind ChatGPT, Gemini & Every Modern AI Model! Codex vs Claude vs Cursor Which AI Model Is Best for Coding and Why Understanding AI Language Models: Base, Chat, and Reasoning — A Beginners Guide ChatGPT Atlas now has DevTools End up building a decent ADV game engine with Antigravity and Chat GPT Build a ChatGPT App with Mapbox How I learned to “use AI” in 3 baby steps Why Silicon Valley Is Quietly Migrating to Chinese AI Models AI Developer Digest: Gemini Deep Research, GPT-5.2, and Agent Tools A ChatGPT Prompt Manager for Developers: Save Prompts, Bookmark Replies, Search Threads (Chrome E... I put a Game Boy inside ChatGPT (ChatGPT Apps) Gemini 3 vs GPT 5.2: SWE-bench and Beyond 99% of Users Don’t Know About These 10 ChatGPT Secret Codes 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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https://electronjs.org/docs/latest | Introduction | Electron Skip to main content Electron Docs API Blog Tools Electron Forge Electron Fiddle Community Governance Showcase Resources Releases English English Deutsch Español Français 日本語 Português Русский 中文 Search Get Started Introduction Why Electron Tutorial Processes in Electron Best Practices Examples Development Native Node Modules Distribution Testing And Debugging References Contributing Get Started Introduction On this page What is Electron? Electron is a framework for building desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. By embedding Chromium and Node.js into its binary, Electron allows you to maintain one JavaScript codebase and create cross-platform apps that work on Windows, macOS, and Linux — no native development experience required. Getting started We recommend you to start with the tutorial , which guides you through the process of developing an Electron app and distributing it to users. The examples and API documentation are also good places to browse around and discover new things. Running examples with Electron Fiddle Electron Fiddle is a sandbox app written with Electron and supported by Electron's maintainers. We highly recommend installing it as a learning tool to experiment with Electron's APIs or to prototype features during development. Fiddle also integrates nicely with our documentation. When browsing through examples in our tutorials, you'll frequently see an "Open in Electron Fiddle" button underneath a code block. If you have Fiddle installed, this button will open a fiddle.electronjs.org link that will automatically load the example into Fiddle, no copy-pasting required. docs/fiddles/quick-start ( 39.2.7 ) Open in Fiddle main.js preload.js index.html const { app , BrowserWindow } = require ( 'electron/main' ) const path = require ( 'node:path' ) function createWindow ( ) { const win = new BrowserWindow ( { width : 800 , height : 600 , webPreferences : { preload : path . join ( __dirname , 'preload.js' ) } } ) win . loadFile ( 'index.html' ) } app . whenReady ( ) . then ( ( ) => { createWindow ( ) app . on ( 'activate' , ( ) => { if ( BrowserWindow . getAllWindows ( ) . length === 0 ) { createWindow ( ) } } ) } ) app . on ( 'window-all-closed' , ( ) => { if ( process . platform !== 'darwin' ) { app . quit ( ) } } ) window . addEventListener ( 'DOMContentLoaded' , ( ) => { const replaceText = ( selector , text ) => { const element = document . getElementById ( selector ) if ( element ) element . innerText = text } for ( const type of [ 'chrome' , 'node' , 'electron' ] ) { replaceText ( ` ${ type } -version ` , process . versions [ type ] ) } } ) <! DOCTYPE html > < html > < head > < meta charset = " UTF-8 " > < title > Hello World! </ title > < meta http-equiv = " Content-Security-Policy " content = " script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; " /> </ head > < body > < h1 > Hello World! </ h1 > < p > We are using Node.js < span id = " node-version " > </ span > , Chromium < span id = " chrome-version " > </ span > , and Electron < span id = " electron-version " > </ span > . </ p > </ body > </ html > What is in the docs? All the official documentation is available from the sidebar. These are the different categories and what you can expect on each one: Tutorial : An end-to-end guide on how to create and publish your first Electron application. Processes in Electron : In-depth reference on Electron processes and how to work with them. Best Practices : Important checklists to keep in mind when developing an Electron app. Examples : Quick references to add features to your Electron app. Development : Miscellaneous development guides. Distribution : Learn how to distribute your app to end users. Testing And Debugging : How to debug JavaScript, write tests, and other tools used to create quality Electron applications. References : Useful links to better understand how the Electron project works and is organized. Contributing : Compiling Electron and making contributions can be daunting. We try to make it easier in this section. Getting help Are you getting stuck anywhere? Here are a few links to places to look: If you need help with developing your app, our community Discord server is a great place to get advice from other Electron app developers. If you suspect you're running into a bug with the electron package, please check the GitHub issue tracker to see if any existing issues match your problem. If not, feel free to fill out our bug report template and submit a new issue. Edit this page Next Why Electron Getting started Running examples with Electron Fiddle What is in the docs? 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https://dev.to/aws-heroes/sql-vs-nosql-in-a-serverless-world-567k | SQL vs NoSQL in a Serverless World - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Renato Losio 💭💥 for AWS Heroes Posted on Oct 6, 2022 SQL vs NoSQL in a Serverless World # aws # cloud # database # serverless What is a serverless database? (00:15) Why we need elastic databases (02:42) AWS databases going serverless (06:45) Aurora Serverless v1 (07:03) Aurora Serverless v2 (09:57) Drawing the NYC Skyline with a serverless database (12:48) Amazon DynamoDB On-Demand (15:10) Cycling the Tour de France with DynamoDB On-Demand (18:19) Summary (20:15) Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse AWS Heroes Follow A vibrant, worldwide group of AWS experts. More from AWS Heroes Amazon Nova 2 Multimodal Embeddings with Amazon S3 Vectors and AWS Java SDK - Part 1 Introduction # aws # amazonnova # s3vectorstore # java When serving images from S3 stopped being good enough # serverless # blogging Serverless applications with Java and Aurora DSQL - Part 3 Integrated query editor # aws # postgres # serverless # database 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # yarn Follow Hide Create Post Older #yarn posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu pnpm vs npm vs yarn vs Bun: The 2026 Package Manager Showdown HK Lee HK Lee HK Lee Follow Jan 9 pnpm vs npm vs yarn vs Bun: The 2026 Package Manager Showdown # pnpm # npm # yarn # bunjs Comments Add Comment 9 min read Your Yarn Lockfile Is Trying to Protect You — Let It Hamza Awais Hamza Awais Hamza Awais Follow Dec 24 '25 Your Yarn Lockfile Is Trying to Protect You — Let It # yarn # ci # devops # javascript Comments Add Comment 2 min read Node Package Managers Compared: npm vs Yarn vs pnpm vs Bun ⚙️ Taron Vardanyan Taron Vardanyan Taron Vardanyan Follow Nov 12 '25 Node Package Managers Compared: npm vs Yarn vs pnpm vs Bun ⚙️ # bunjs # pnpm # yarn # npm Comments Add Comment 3 min read NodeJS Fundamentals: yarn DevOps Fundamental DevOps Fundamental DevOps Fundamental Follow for DevOps Fundamentals Jun 21 '25 NodeJS Fundamentals: yarn # node # backend # javascript # yarn Comments Add Comment 6 min read How to Install Yarn Using npm? Mateen Kiani Mateen Kiani Mateen Kiani Follow Jun 26 '25 How to Install Yarn Using npm? # node # yarn # npm Comments 1 comment 1 min read Difference between the ^ and ~ in package.json Kevin Expósito Kevin Expósito Kevin Expósito Follow Apr 23 '25 Difference between the ^ and ~ in package.json # javascript # yarn # npm Comments Add Comment 3 min read pnpm vs npm vs yarn: আপনার প্রোজেক্টে কোনটা ব্যবহার করা উচিত? RONiB RONiB RONiB Follow May 23 '25 pnpm vs npm vs yarn: আপনার প্রোজেক্টে কোনটা ব্যবহার করা উচিত? # pnpm # npm # yarn Comments Add Comment 1 min read NestJs + Yarn v4: Installation and deployment 5inchiRoca 5inchiRoca 5inchiRoca Follow Mar 15 '25 NestJs + Yarn v4: Installation and deployment # nestjs # yarn 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read NPM vs Yarn vs PNPM: Choosing the right package manager for your project Roman Roman Roman Follow Feb 19 '25 NPM vs Yarn vs PNPM: Choosing the right package manager for your project # npm # yarn # pnpm # nodepackagemanager 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read FNPM: The Package Manager Drama Ends Here 🚀 Jairo Fernández Jairo Fernández Jairo Fernández Follow Feb 13 '25 FNPM: The Package Manager Drama Ends Here 🚀 # node # yarn # pnpm # fucknpm 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read -? What is YARN ?- nobody-99 nobody-99 nobody-99 Follow Nov 3 '24 -? What is YARN ?- # yarn # javascript # webdev # node Comments Add Comment 3 min read Compile Protocol Buffers & gRPC to Typescript with Yarn Niko Kiirala Niko Kiirala Niko Kiirala Follow Nov 27 '24 Compile Protocol Buffers & gRPC to Typescript with Yarn # protobuf # typescript # webdev # yarn 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read NPM Config: customising how npm works Rinon Tendrinomena Rinon Tendrinomena Rinon Tendrinomena Follow Nov 22 '24 NPM Config: customising how npm works # webdev # npm # yarn # tooling 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read [21/52] Random Software Project: Solar Planets Brian Kirkpatrick Brian Kirkpatrick Brian Kirkpatrick Follow Sep 28 '24 [21/52] Random Software Project: Solar Planets # javascript # space # yarn # numerics Comments Add Comment 13 min read ⚔️NPM vs YARN battle of ages⚔️ Rabbi lii Rabbi lii Rabbi lii Follow Sep 7 '24 ⚔️NPM vs YARN battle of ages⚔️ # npm # yarn # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read Bundling your phaser.js game with esbuild Kevin Potschien Kevin Potschien Kevin Potschien Follow Sep 16 '24 Bundling your phaser.js game with esbuild # phaser # esbuild # typescript # yarn 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Package Manager Fight: npm vs pnpm vs npx vs yarn vs bun Nikhil Vikraman Nikhil Vikraman Nikhil Vikraman Follow Sep 15 '24 Package Manager Fight: npm vs pnpm vs npx vs yarn vs bun # npm # npx # pnpm # yarn 9 reactions Comments 1 comment 5 min read How to stop Storybook opening a new webpage on start (automatically with zsh) timreach timreach timreach Follow May 21 '24 How to stop Storybook opening a new webpage on start (automatically with zsh) # zsh # webdev # storybook # yarn Comments Add Comment 1 min read Unbelieable Yarn Issue - Solution with node version Winston Sosa Winston Sosa Winston Sosa Follow May 13 '24 Unbelieable Yarn Issue - Solution with node version # blockchain # yarn # ubuntu # node 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read React JS with Yarn 4 Prateek Wayne Prateek Wayne Prateek Wayne Follow May 18 '24 React JS with Yarn 4 # react # yarn # webdev # javascript 9 reactions Comments 1 comment 1 min read Maximizing Code Reusability with Yarn Workspaces (Monorepo) Abhishek Tomar Abhishek Tomar Abhishek Tomar Follow Mar 18 '24 Maximizing Code Reusability with Yarn Workspaces (Monorepo) # yarn # react # designpatterns Comments Add Comment 2 min read How To: Build and Run a Yarn Project with Docker Shipyard DevRel Shipyard DevRel Shipyard DevRel Follow Apr 2 '24 How To: Build and Run a Yarn Project with Docker # node # docker # yarn # tutorial 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read Resolving Node.js and npm Issues on macOS Geoffrey Kim Geoffrey Kim Geoffrey Kim Follow Mar 29 '24 Resolving Node.js and npm Issues on macOS # node # npm # yarn # troubleshooting 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Removing "✨ Done in X.XXs." with Yarn kosei kosei kosei Follow Mar 6 '24 Removing "✨ Done in X.XXs." with Yarn # yarn # javascript # node 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Tilde or Caret in package.json - Stop copying and start choosing Mateus Malaquias Mateus Malaquias Mateus Malaquias Follow Feb 26 '24 Tilde or Caret in package.json - Stop copying and start choosing # node # npm # yarn 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources pnpm vs npm vs yarn vs Bun: The 2026 Package Manager Showdown Your Yarn Lockfile Is Trying to Protect You — Let It Node Package Managers Compared: npm vs Yarn vs pnpm vs Bun ⚙️ 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close GitHub Follow Hide "Where the world builds software" Create Post Older #github posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 506 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Why Version Control Exists: The Pendrive Problem Subhrangsu Bera Subhrangsu Bera Subhrangsu Bera Follow Jan 12 Why Version Control Exists: The Pendrive Problem # vcs # git # github Comments Add Comment 4 min read Seeking Peer Connections for CodeChat P2P Testing bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 Seeking Peer Connections for CodeChat P2P Testing # watercooler # coding # github # gamedev Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI-Powered Commit Message Generator with Sring Boot & Cerebras Deividas Strole Deividas Strole Deividas Strole Follow Jan 12 AI-Powered Commit Message Generator with Sring Boot & Cerebras # webdev # ai # github # springboot 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read Connecting Your Computer to GitHub - Part One Sarah Bartley Dye Sarah Bartley Dye Sarah Bartley Dye Follow Jan 12 Connecting Your Computer to GitHub - Part One # git # github 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read Building profiler0x0: An Arcade-Style GitHub Profile Analyzer That Doesn't Judge ackermannQ ackermannQ ackermannQ Follow Jan 12 Building profiler0x0: An Arcade-Style GitHub Profile Analyzer That Doesn't Judge # webdev # github # typescript # node Comments 2 comments 5 min read Inside Git: How It Really Works (With the .git Folder Explained) Subhrangsu Bera Subhrangsu Bera Subhrangsu Bera Follow Jan 12 Inside Git: How It Really Works (With the .git Folder Explained) # git # github # development # tooling 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read I let an AI with "20 years experience" architect my project and it was a disaster bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 I let an AI with "20 years experience" architect my project and it was a disaster # github # opensource # ai # programming 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Trimming Toil: Automating Repetitive Development Tasks Anthony Barbieri Anthony Barbieri Anthony Barbieri Follow Jan 11 Trimming Toil: Automating Repetitive Development Tasks # automation # devops # github # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read What should 2.0.10 have been in PWin11 Tweaker? ph2ncyn ph2ncyn ph2ncyn Follow Jan 11 What should 2.0.10 have been in PWin11 Tweaker? # programming # microsoft # opensource # github Comments Add Comment 10 min read [Learning Notes] [Golang] Migrating Disqus Comments to Github Issues by Writing disqus-importor-go Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Learning Notes] [Golang] Migrating Disqus Comments to Github Issues by Writing disqus-importor-go # tooling # github # go # opensource Comments Add Comment 4 min read [Learning Notes][Golang] Using GitHub Issues as a Database Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Learning Notes][Golang] Using GitHub Issues as a Database # database # github # api # go Comments Add Comment 3 min read [TIL][Jekyll] Replacing Disqus with utterances for GitHub issue comments Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL][Jekyll] Replacing Disqus with utterances for GitHub issue comments # webdev # tooling # github # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read [TIL] Adding a Nice Contributors Icon to Github Releases Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL] Adding a Nice Contributors Icon to Github Releases # learning # github # productivity # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read [Learning Notes] [Golang] Started Modifying LINE PTT Query Bot Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Learning Notes] [Golang] Started Modifying LINE PTT Query Bot # learning # github # go # opensource Comments Add Comment 2 min read [TIL] Deploying to Heroku with Github Releases and Golang Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL] Deploying to Heroku with Github Releases and Golang # cicd # github # tutorial # go Comments Add Comment 2 min read [Golang][Render] Deploying a Golang App to Render.com with GitHub Actions Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Golang][Render] Deploying a Golang App to Render.com with GitHub Actions # cicd # github # go # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read GitHub Copilot: Make Your Commit Messages More Engaging with Custom Instructions Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 GitHub Copilot: Make Your Commit Messages More Engaging with Custom Instructions # ai # github # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read 2023: A Year in Review and Looking Ahead Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 2023: A Year in Review and Looking Ahead # devjournal # github # llm Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why GitHubCard is the Final Tool You Need for Your Github Profile Colin Lee Colin Lee Colin Lee Follow Jan 10 Why GitHubCard is the Final Tool You Need for Your Github Profile # github # tooling # tutorial # githunt Comments 1 comment 3 min read Things I Wish I knew before my first GitHub Contribution Coding Dev Coding Dev Coding Dev Follow Jan 11 Things I Wish I knew before my first GitHub Contribution # webdev # programming # opensource # github Comments Add Comment 2 min read DevOps GUI Tool: Bulk GitHub Repos & Tailscale Mesh with Python Haseeb Kaloya Haseeb Kaloya Haseeb Kaloya Follow Jan 11 DevOps GUI Tool: Bulk GitHub Repos & Tailscale Mesh with Python # devops # github # python # tooling Comments Add Comment 2 min read Make GitHub Work for You: GitHub MCP and Dependabot Dany Paredes Dany Paredes Dany Paredes Follow Jan 11 Make GitHub Work for You: GitHub MCP and Dependabot # github # ai # mcp Comments Add Comment 3 min read Your Model Choice Doesn't Matter Nearly as Much as You Think...And That's Actually Good News Andrea Liliana Griffiths Andrea Liliana Griffiths Andrea Liliana Griffiths Follow Jan 9 Your Model Choice Doesn't Matter Nearly as Much as You Think...And That's Actually Good News # ai # chatgpt # github # machinelearning 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read I Built a GitHub Action That Uses AI to Explain Why Your CI Failed Filip Galic Filip Galic Filip Galic Follow Jan 9 I Built a GitHub Action That Uses AI to Explain Why Your CI Failed # github # devops # ai # opensource 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read I Built an AI README Generator! Here's What I Learned... Subatomicbread Subatomicbread Subatomicbread Follow Jan 9 I Built an AI README Generator! Here's What I Learned... # webdev # programming # github # ai 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Raptor Mini: GitHub Copilot’s New Code-First AI Model That Developers Shouldn’t Ignore I Built a Tool to Stop Wasting Time on Toxic Open Source Projects How I Taught GitHub Copilot Code Review to Think Like a Maintainer So… what is GitHub Copilot’s "Raptor mini"and why should devs care? Terraform Drift Detection Powered by GitHub Actions How to run GitHub Actions locally Solving Git Authentication Failures: "Password authentication is not supported" Error The 3 GitHub Projects I Recommend to Every Prompt Writer How I Review Pull Requests with Claude (and Actually Merge Them) Cursor vs GitHub Copilot vs Claude Code Injecting AI Agents into CI/CD: Using GitHub Copilot CLI in GitHub Actions for Smart Failures Alternatives to GitHub Actions for self-hosted runners The Lovable.dev Migration Guide: Moving from personal GitHub to an organization (without breaking... Wuzen 2025 Analysis: The Android RAT That's Raising the Bar for Mobile Security Threats GitHub Universe 2025 Recap Tag-Based Deployment in Jenkins CI/CD Using GitHub — A Practical Guide The 5 GitHub Repositories Every Prompt Engineer Should Bookmark How to Automatically Generate Code Documentation from Your GitHub Repo? Microsoft Ignite 2025 for Devs & DevOps: My Top Announcements Automating Release Updates with Jira and GitHub Issue Tracking — A Practical DevOps Guide 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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Redgate (which means Red Gate Software Limited and its subsidiaries, Red Gate Software Inc, Red Gate Software Pty, Red Gate Software GmbH, Red Gate Software Canada, Inc. and Red Gate Software B.V.) respects your privacy. All information you give us is held with the utmost care and security. Please take time to review this privacy policy as it sets out our privacy practices and tells you how your personal information will be treated by us. We do not sell, rent or loan any identifiable information regarding our customers to any third party. Only in the circumstances described within this Privacy Policy would we share your information with any third party. Our use of personal data is in accordance with the Data Protection Act 2018 (GDPR). Redgate is registered with the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) and our registration number is Z9686370 . How we use your information If you're visiting our websites, using our products and services, working with any of our teams, at events or applying for a role with us, this privacy notice sets out what data we collect, and how we use it. It also describes your rights regarding our use of your data. We collect common types of personal information, such as: name, job title, company, industry, postal address, email address, phone number, and your computer's IP address. We will use the personal information provided to us to: Process orders submitted by you Identify the Redgate 'certified partner' that is best placed to support your software purchase if you cannot purchase directly from us; Customize the service we provide to you Administrate or otherwise carry out our obligations in relation to any agreement you have with us Verify your identity (e.g. if you participate in any promotions administered by us) Anticipate and resolve any problems with any goods or services supplied to you Carry out market research and surveys Send you our newsletter, where this is requested by you Track your engagement with us, including through our website, articles and newsletters Understand how you use our products and services Contact you by telephone and send you follow-up communications relating to your use of software downloaded from our website Send you information about our other products and services Process your application if you apply for a role with us Work with you at events This privacy notice tells you what to expect when Redgate collects personal information. It contains more information about: Visiting our websites When you visit one of our websites, we collect standard internet log information and details of visitor behavior patterns, including through the use of third-party analytics services (such as Google Analytics). We do this to understand how people are using our websites, to manage their operation and to diagnose any problems. We retain these logs for up to three months. We use Marketo to track your engagement with our website, and help give you the most relevant information on our products and solutions. This data is visible to our sales and marketing teams. We keep data you have provided to us, for example if you fill out a form on our website, for the duration of our commercial relationship with you. We also use third-party services to help us identify visitors to our website to improve the way we offer our products and services. We rely on the lawful basis of legitimate interests to process this data. Our website search is powered by Google. Search queries and results are logged anonymously to help us improve our website and search functionality. No user-specific data is collected by either Redgate or any third party. How we use cookies Your web browser allows you to control whether cookies can be stored by our websites. However, disabling cookies will prevent certain parts of our websites from working correctly. Your web browser’s documentation has more information on controlling cookie behavior. We use cookies on our websites to: Maintain your active session Store your preferences Track the success of our marketing and advertising campaigns Analyze the way people use our websites Gather data on how our websites are performing Community newsletters We send newsletters for SQL Server Central and Simple-Talk and Amazon Simple Email Service. We gather statistics around email opening and interaction using industry-standard technologies, including tracking pixels, to analyze the performance or email campaigns. We use data about your interactions with our emails as an indicator of your interest in our products. We may also use your interaction with our previous newsletters to send you more appropriate information in the future. We rely on your consent to send you Simple Talk and SQL Server Central newsletters. You can opt out of receiving these newsletters at any time by clicking the unsubscribe link in these emails, or by managing your email preferences . For SQL Server Central, manage your preferences here . Contacting us on social media Redgate maintains a presence on X, Facebook and LinkedIn. We manage your interactions with us using Marketo and Sprout as well as using social media platforms directly. If you send us a message via social media, we may include this in our CRM systems. We process this data on the basis of our legitimate interests. Working with our sales teams Redgate's sales teams may reach out to you if we believe you are interested in our products. We may use contact details you have entered on our websites, provided to us at events, or that we have received from services such as LinkedIn. If you do not wish to be contacted, you can use the unsubscribe link on any emails, let the sales person who got in touch know, or email privacy@red-gate.com. We rely on legitimate interests as the lawful basis for processing this data. Purchasing from us If you choose to pay for Redgate product of services through our website, we will use a payment gateway provider to securely capture and process your payment information. If you have chosen to pay us on a recurring billing basis, Stripe will hold your payment information until you choose provide us with notice to cancel recurring billing. Where you have made a one-off payment to us, your payment information shall be deleted after payment is taken. Connecting with our product support teams If you engage with our support teams, we may ask you to provide additional information to help us assist you (like diagnostic logs). We may share this internally with our teams to support you and to enable them to reproduce and fix product issues. We may also cross reference your interactions with us in order to understand the customer journey, improve our self-help articles and to give you the best support experience. Some of our products also include feedback mechanisms such as live chat. If you’re signed into the product, we’ll see your name and email address when you chat to us. Any information you send to us in the chat session will be shared with our product development and support teams. If you choose to share information with us that contains information about your environment, such as detailed diagnostic logs, database schemas or server names, we will treat it as confidential information, and will only use it to provide support to you, and diagnose and resolve any issues with our products. You can ask us to delete this information at any time. Processing this data is necessary to allow us to fulfill your support contract with us. Participating in User Research Our product teams may reach out to you to invite you to participate in product and market research, for example user experience sessions, surveys or collaborative design exercises. You are free to participate in these, but can choose not to at any point. If you do not wish to be contacted, please let our teams know. We rely on legitimate interests as the lawful basis for processing your data. Recording telephone calls We record some calls for training and quality purposes to help us evaluate our performance and better understand the needs of our customers. If you live in a jurisdiction where two-party consent is required, we’ll let you know we’re recording the call. We rely on legitimate interests as the lawful basis for processing this data. We retain call recordings for up to two years. Information sent to us when you use our products Our products send usage and fault reporting information to us. We use this to: Measure how many people are using the different versions of our products, and the different features within them Understand the environments in which our products are used (for example, the operating system version, SQL Server version, the amount of system memory and screen resolutions) Measure the success of our sales and marketing operations Guide product development decisions and improve our products Assist you in your evaluation, purchasing, and renewal of our products Compare your usage of our products against the licenses you've purchased We use your basic environment and high-level usage data in conjunction with your records in our marketing and CRM systems. Your use of individual features is submitted anonymously and is not linked to your identity. Some of our products allow you to submit error reports if something goes wrong. These contain logs and other diagnostic data, and you can choose to include your contact details and any additional information you think may be useful. Our support and development teams use this data to improve our products. If you choose not to include diagnostic data with an error report, an anonymous record of the type of error which occurred will be sent. This allows us to measure how many of our customers experience errors and prioritise our focus for product development. Automatically-sent usage reporting data is processed on the basis of our legitimate interests. If you choose to submit error reports, we rely on your consent to process this data. You can withdraw your consent at any time, by emailing privacy@red-gate.com. Using AI features in our products If you use the AI features of our products, certain data is sent to Redgate to provide the service. We do this to fulfil our contractual obligations to you: for SQL Prompt, the prompt you provide, along with a representation of your database schema; for Redgate Test Data Manager, the prompt you provide; for Redgate Monitor, the text of the query and its associated query plan. We do not train our models on your content or retain the content of your requests. We may also collect data about your use of these features to improve our products and services in the future. We do this on the basis of our legitimate interests. Using Redgate Flyway Service If you choose to use the Redgate Flyway Service (Preview Software), data about your Redgate Flyway projects and environments are sent to Redgate to provide the service. We do this to fulfil our contract to you. We may also collect data about your use of Redgate Flyway Service to improve our products and services in the future. We do this on the basis of our legitimate interests. We use Microsoft Azure and Amazon Web Services to help us provide Redgate Flyway Service to you. Your use of Redgate Flyway Service is in accordance with Schedule 2 of Redgate's Master Subscription EULA . Using Redgate Data Modeler If you use Redgate Data Modeler, we store the data models and scripts you create or upload in the service. We do this to fulfil our contract to you. We may also collect data about your use of Redgate Data Modeler to improve our products and services in the future. We do this on the basis of our legitimate interests. We use some third parties to help us provide Redgate Data Modeler to you. Your use of Redgate Data Modeler is in accordance with the Redgate Data Modeler EULA . Applying for a role with us If you apply for a role at Redgate, we will use the information you provide to assess your application. If you are unsuccessful in your application, we will remove your data after 6 months. However, we may ask for your permission to keep your details on file in our talent pool. If you accept, we will retain your data for 24 months. We use a third party, Ashby, to manage our recruitment process. Their privacy policy is available here . We process data relating to your application on the basis of our legitimate interests. We also have a legal obligation to check you have the right to work in the country where you are applying to join us. For certain roles, we will perform background checks as part of the application process. We use external companies to assist with these. Meeting or working with us at events If you attend an event we organize, or meet with us at an event we're attending, we may use your contact details to follow up with you about our products. You can opt out at any time by using the unsubscribe link in our emails. If you're joining us as a speaker or sponsor at one of our events, we'll use your contact details to work with you, and (where relevant) publish them on the event websites and other marketing materials. We rely on the basis of our legitimate interests in organising these events to process this data. Sharing your information with other parties Redgate uses select organizations to help us process data which helps us deliver our products and services to you. We will not sell any data regarding your use of our products or services except as part of a reorganization or a sale of the assets of Redgate, and we will ensure that your privacy continues to be protected. If you're a customer, potential customer, or you otherwise have a commercial relationship with Redgate, you can find the current list of organizations here . If you're using a Redgate product or service for which Redgate are acting as a Data Processor, see our list of subprocessors . Joining our Slack instances Some of our product teams use Slack to work with customers to guide the development of our products, and get feedback on features we're planning or developing. If you join one of these instances, your username and any messages or files you post in public channels will be visible to teams within Redgate and any other customers who have joined the channels you're in. Some channels may be private channels created for your organization; any messages or files you post in these will be visible to your colleagues and Redgate teams in that channel. Our product development Slack channels have a message history of 180 days, after which messages are automatically deleted. Some EAP Slack instances (separate to redgate.slack.com) may have longer retention policies if the development of these products is expected to span a longer duration. Some of our Sales teams may also offer to collaborate with you on Slack. If you choose to do this, you will be invited to a private channel with appropriate colleagues from your company and selected Redgate employees. Messages in this Slack team will be deleted after 180 days. If you wish to delete your account on one of these instances, you should deactivate your account in Slack, then contact us at privacy@red-gate.com . This will remove your profile information; any messages or files you have posted will remain. Participating in Redgate University If you use our Redgate University content, we will identify you by the email address you sign in with so we can track your progress through the courses we offer, provide you with recognition of your achievements, and grant you access to content based on any Redgate licenses you have purchased or been assigned. Your colleagues who manage your organisation's licenses may invite you to use Redgate University content. If you wish to delete your Redgate University account, contact us at privacy@red-gate.com . We process this data on the basis of our legitimate interests. Transferring your information outside of the UK or European Economic Area In order to provide a global service, we transfer information to our subsidiaries and service providers situated outside the UK and European Economic Area [EEA], and it may be processed by staff operating outside the UK and EEA. When we do this, we take steps to ensure that your privacy rights continue to be protected in accordance with UK and EU data protection law. UK/US Data Bridge and EU/US Data Framework Redgate complies with the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework (EU-U.S. DPF) and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Redgate has certified to the U.S. Department of Commerce that it adheres to the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework Principles (EU-U.S. DPF Principles) with regard to the processing of personal data received from the European Union in reliance on the EU-U.S. DPF and from the United Kingdom (and Gibraltar) in reliance on the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF. In compliance with the EU-U.S. DPF and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, Redgate commits to cooperate and comply respectively with the advice of the panel established by the EU data protection authorities (DPAs) and the UK Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) with regard to unresolved complaints concerning our handling of personal data received in reliance on the EU-U.S. DPF and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF. For any enquires or complaints you should first contact Redgate at privacy@red-gate.com . Limiting the use and disclosure of personal data Redgate uses select organizations to help us process data which helps us deliver our products and services to our customers, potential customers, or if you otherwise have a commercial relationship with Redgate. We do not sell any data regarding your use of our products or services except as part of a reorganization or a sale of the assets of Redgate, and we will ensure that your privacy continues to be protected. If you wish to know more, please contact privacy@red-gate.com. Redgate is subject to the investigatory and enforcement powers of the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. Redgate may be required to disclose Personal Data that we handle under the Data Privacy Framework in response to lawful requests by public authorities, including to meet national security or law enforcement requirements. Binding arbitration In accordance with Redgate’s commitment to resolve disputes fairly and efficiently, individuals are informed that they may have the right, under certain conditions, to invoke binding arbitration as a means of legal recourse. Redgate acknowledges the obligation to arbitrate claims in a fair and equitable manner, adhering to the terms outlined in Annex I of the Data Privacy Framework Principles . This obligation comes into effect provided that an individual has formally invoked binding arbitration by delivering a notice to Redgate and has complied with the procedures and conditions stipulated in Annex I of the Principles. Please inform us either by email to privacy@red-gate.com or by post: Privacy Team Red Gate Software Limited Cavendish House Cambridge Business Park Cambridge CB4 0XB United Kingdom Onward transfers to third parties Redgate maintains responsibility for the protection of your personal data as it is transferred to third parties. In the event of such onward transfers, Redgate remains liable for ensuring that the recipients of your data uphold the same level of privacy and security. This commitment extends to all processing of personal data by third parties, in accordance with the Data Privacy Framework Principles. If there is any conflict between the terms in this privacy policy and the EU-U.S. DPF Principles, the Principles shall govern. To learn more about the Data Privacy Framework (DPF) program, and to view our certification, please visit www.dataprivacyframework.gov . Your rights Under the GDPR, you have rights as an individual which you can exercise in relation to the information we hold about you: Confirmation of personal data that is being processed Access to your personal data Other supplementary information as referred to (the information provided in our privacy policy) If you object to the way we are processing your data, or would like us to erase your personal data, contact privacy@red-gate.com . If you have purchased products from us, we may need to keep some of your data (for example, records of your purchases) to comply with our legal obligations. Complaints and queries Redgate tries to meet the highest standards when collecting and using personal information. We take complaints very seriously. If you feel our collection or use of information is unfair, misleading or inappropriate, we encourage you to bring this to our attention. We also welcome any suggestions for improving our procedures. If you have any questions regarding this policy, or wish to make a complaint about the way we’ve handled your personal information, contact privacy@red-gate.com . If you are unhappy with how we have used your data, you can complain to a supervisory authority. In the UK, this is the Information Comissioner's Office . Reporting security issues If you become aware of a security vulnerability in any of Redgate's products, services or websites, contact security@red-gate.com . We encourage the responsible disclosure of security issues, and will act quickly on any vulnerabilities reported. We will not take legal action against you if you: Provide us with the information needed to reproduce and validate the vulnerability Avoid violating the privacy of our customers, staff and other users Avoid the destruction of data, or degradation of our services Do not modify or access data that is not your own Give us a reasonable time to address the issue before making any information public Changes to this privacy policy We regularly review our privacy policy. This policy was last updated on 17 th November 2025. Questions about data privacy Redgate is the data controller for the information you provide unless otherwise stated. If you have any queries about the process or how we handle your information, contact privacy@red-gate.com . You can also write to us at: Compliance Manager Red Gate Software Limited Cavendish House Cambridge Business Park Cambridge CB4 0XB United Kingdom We have appointed Red Gate Software GmbH as our representative in the EEA: Compliance Manager Red Gate Software GmbH c/o Mindpsace Krausenstre. 9-10 100117 Berlin Germany privacy-eu@red-gate.com New report 2025 State of the Database Landscape The 2025 State of the Database Landscape Report sheds light on the current state of database management and offers valuable insights into how organizations can navigate and simplify the growing complexities. Download the report Free book Introduction to PostgreSQL for the data professional From getting your first instance, to server configurations, we cover the PostgreSQL basics. 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https://dev.to/ar_abid_641aa302d5c68b2ae/why-your-e-commerce-filters-feel-slow-even-when-your-site-is-fast-4a57#a-real-world-example | Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse ar abid Posted on Jan 13 Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast # webdev # frontend # ecommerce # ux Many e commerce sites load quickly. Product pages appear almost instantly. Images are optimized. Performance scores look healthy. Yet the moment users start filtering products, everything feels slow. This is one of the most common performance complaints in modern e commerce, and it is also one of the most misunderstood. Filters Are an Interaction Problem Not a Loading Problem Filtering is not a page load. It is an interaction loop. Users expect filters to feel instant because they are exploratory actions. When filters lag, users lose momentum and patience. Even a short delay after clicking a filter checkbox can feel broken. What Users Expect From Filters From a user point of view filtering should behave like this. Click a filter See results change immediately Continue browsing Users do not expect a full reload. They do not expect spinners. They do not expect hesitation. When filters feel slow, users often stop using them entirely or leave the site. What Actually Happens When Filters Are Applied Behind the scenes filtering often triggers heavy work. Query parameters change API requests are sent Large result sets are processed State updates trigger re renders Analytics events fire Many systems treat filtering as a mini page load instead of a lightweight interaction. This creates unnecessary delays. Why Fast Pages Still Have Slow Filters A site can load fast and still have slow filters because filters stress different parts of the stack. They stress JavaScript execution They stress rendering performance They stress network latency They stress state management None of this is reflected clearly in traditional page speed metrics. The Hidden Cost of Over Fetching Many filtering systems request full product lists every time a filter changes. This means: Large payloads Repeated network requests Unnecessary parsing work The UI waits while data it does not fully need is processed. Rendering Is Often the Real Bottleneck Even when API responses are fast, rendering filtered results can be slow. Large product grids Complex card components Images reflowing layouts Every filter change can trigger dozens or hundreds of component updates. This makes the interface feel sluggish even on fast connections. Why Debouncing Alone Does Not Fix It Debouncing filter requests helps reduce network traffic but does not solve perceived slowness. Users still experience a pause between action and feedback. Debouncing improves efficiency but not responsiveness. What High Performance Filtering Feels Like High performing e commerce filters follow one key principle. The interface responds first. Data catches up second. Users should always see immediate visual feedback that their action was registered. Immediate Feedback Matters More Than Accuracy Good filtering systems show feedback instantly. Checkbox states update immediately Active filters appear instantly Skeleton loaders or placeholders appear Even if the data update takes time, the user feels in control. Progressive Results Improve Perception Instead of waiting for all results to load, progressive rendering helps. Show partial results quickly Update the grid incrementally Avoid blank states Progress builds trust and keeps users engaged. Caching Makes Filters Feel Instant Many filter combinations repeat across users. Caching filtered results at the edge or application layer allows: Instant responses Reduced backend load Smoother interactions Smart caching turns filters into a near instant experience. A Real World Example On a production e commerce platform, shopperdot , users frequently applied multiple filters while browsing categories. Page load speed was not an issue. The problem appeared during rapid filter changes where the UI hesitated between actions. By prioritizing immediate UI feedback, caching common filter responses, and reducing unnecessary re renders, the filtering experience felt dramatically faster without changing the backend infrastructure. Why Mobile Users Feel This More Filtering issues are amplified on mobile. Slower CPUs Less memory More layout recalculations A filter delay that feels acceptable on desktop can feel frustrating on mobile. This makes filter performance a critical mobile conversion factor. Measuring Filter Performance Correctly Instead of measuring request time alone, measure: Time from filter click to UI feedback Time until first visible result update Dropped interactions during filtering These metrics reveal friction that traditional tools miss. Common Mistakes to Avoid Treating filters like full page loads Blocking UI updates until data arrives Re rendering entire grids unnecessarily Ignoring mobile performance constraints Each of these increases perceived slowness. Filters Are a Discovery Tool Not a Transaction Filtering is exploratory. Users are browsing, comparing, and narrowing options. Any friction here disrupts discovery and reduces engagement. Fast filters encourage exploration. Slow filters discourage it. Final Thoughts If users say your site feels slow, watch them use filters. Chances are the problem is not loading speed but interaction design. Fixing filters often delivers bigger UX gains than optimizing the homepage again. Because in modern e commerce, discovery speed matters as much as page speed. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse ar abid Follow Joined Dec 4, 2025 More from ar abid The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce Why Your E-commerce Site Is Slow (And How Developers Can Fix It) # webperf # frontend # developers # ecommerce 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/guidelines-for-ai-assisted-articles-on-dev#aiassisted-and-generated-articles-should | Guidelines for AI-assisted Articles on DEV - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close Guidelines for AI-assisted Articles on DEV This guide was last updated by the DEV Team on April 8th 2024 and is based on the post, Guidelines for AI-assisted Articles on DEV . While there is nuance as far as what it means for a post to be assisted by AI, we care most that the author of the post is able to stand by the information they are sharing. We encourage the use of AI experimentation with the appropriate disclosure, while wholly discouraging the use of these tools to prolifically generate content which has not been scrutinized prior to publication. The DEV Community Guidelines for AI-Assisted and -Generated Articles AI-assisted and -generated articles are allowed on DEV Community, so long as they follow these guidelines: AI-assisted and -generated articles should… Be created and published in good faith , meaning with honest, sincere, and harmless intentions. Disclose the fact that they were generated or assisted by AI in the post, either upfront using the tag #ABotWroteThis or at any point in the article’s copy (including right at the end). - For example, a conclusion that states “Surprise, this article was generated by ChatGPT!” or the disclaimer “This article was created with the help of AI” would be appropriate. Ideally add something to the conversation regarding AI and its capabilities. Tell us your story of using the tool to create content, and why! Be checked for factual accuracy before publishing. (This guideline was suggested by @chihuahuaux via Twitter . Thanks!) AI-assisted and -generated articles should not… Promote any business, program, or course (including your own). Be published with the intent to confuse , deceive , or bamboozle its readers. Be published with the main purpose of building a personal brand, building a social media presence, or gaining clout. Contain educational content or information generated by AI because you, the human author, did not already know it to some degree. AI is great for assistance with English syntax for a variety of reasons, but if you don’t already know or understand the concept you’re writing about, please do not rely on the machine to “know” it for you. Commenting Guidelines In order to support a strong sense of human community on the site, we ask that you not use bots or AI to generate comments on posts, whether the post was published by you or another community member. The exceptions to this rule are basic translation and grammar/syntax improvement tools, such as Google Translate, Grammarly, or any tool used for Assistive Technology (AT) purposes. If you notice a mistake or bad practice in a post that is disclosed to be AI-generated or -assisted, we encourage you to call it out (kindly, of course!). The following actions may result in suspension or a ban: Publishing any article with the intent to harm or scam its readers. Publishing any article with the main purpose of soliciting money. Publishing any article with the main purpose of building backlinks to increase the search engine optimization (SEO) of another site. The two exceptions to this are: (1) a backlink to a personal blog, or (2) a backlink to a company blog IF the article has been shared under that company’s organization on DEV. Publishing any article that is directly plagiarized, knowingly or unknowingly . Our guidelines may continue to evolve and are open for scrutiny. At the end of the day, we expect good faith community activity, and that all authors are able to stand behind the purpose and accuracy of their content. How to Report Offending Content We ask that you DO NOT publicly confront or question members for creating content that you believe to be written with AI assistance but not following our guidelines. Doing so, may result in us warning or suspending your DEV account. Instead, when you come across offending posts, we ask that you please report them via our abuse report from here . When you report offenders, provide details about why you believe they are violating our guidelines. For instance, you can tell us how you came to the conclusion you did (i.e. you ran their work through https://www.zerogpt.com/ and it said the likelihood of the post being generated by ChatGPT is 95%) — we will take all information provided into account. As for offenders, we will decide the severity of the offense, what disciplinary action is necessary (if any), and how to remediate the issue. We have ways of lowering visibility on posts if needed and can add #abotwrotethis to someone's post as well if they refuse to add the necessary disclosure. We also have the ability to lower the visibility of all of someone's posts if they make a habit of regularly posting works that disobey our guidelines. We also offer the ability for community members to block other community members. So, if you have reported someone who you believe to be regularly violating our AI Guidelines, you can go ahead and take action to block them so that you won't see their writing in your fee anymore. To do so, just navigate to the user's profile page and click on the ... menu in the corner, then select block. Thank you! If you have questions or feedback about our approach, we encourage you to contact us via support@dev.to . If you believe that someone isn't following these guidelines, please don't hesitate to report them to us via our Report Abuse page . Also, if you want to help enforce the Code of Conduct, you might consider becoming a DEV moderator. Visit the DEV Community Moderation page for more information on roles and how to get involved. Thanks! 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://www.forem.com/t/aws | Amazon Web Services - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Amazon Web Services Follow Hide Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a collection of web services for computing, storage, machine learning, security, and more There are over 200+ AWS services as of 2023. Create Post submission guidelines Articles which primary focus is AWS are permitted to used the #aws tag. Older #aws posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 1010 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu 🩺 How I Troubleshoot an EC2 Instance in the Real World (Using Instance Diagnostics) Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 12 🩺 How I Troubleshoot an EC2 Instance in the Real World (Using Instance Diagnostics) # aws # ec2 # linux # cloud 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Why "Ownership" is the Best Certification: Building Infrastructure for an AWS Legend Ali-Funk Ali-Funk Ali-Funk Follow Jan 12 Why "Ownership" is the Best Certification: Building Infrastructure for an AWS Legend # aws # community # career # cloud 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Readiness probe Khadijah (Dana Ordalina) Khadijah (Dana Ordalina) Khadijah (Dana Ordalina) Follow Jan 13 Readiness probe # aws # kubernetes # beginners # devops Comments Add Comment 1 min read From Zero to SQS Lambda in 15 Minutes Konfy Konfy Konfy Follow Jan 12 From Zero to SQS Lambda in 15 Minutes # webdev # javascript # aws Comments Add Comment 1 min read From Fragmented Monitoring to Unified Observability Çağrı Bayram Çağrı Bayram Çağrı Bayram Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 13 From Fragmented Monitoring to Unified Observability # cncf # aws # ecs # opentelemetry Comments Add Comment 11 min read Building a Serverless PHP Application with Bref, Symfony, and DynamoDB Session Management Rafael Bernard Araújo Rafael Bernard Araújo Rafael Bernard Araújo Follow Jan 13 Building a Serverless PHP Application with Bref, Symfony, and DynamoDB Session Management # php # bref # serverless # aws 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 19 min read Lambda Durable Functions: Building Workflows That Run for a Year Dinesh Kumar Elumalai Dinesh Kumar Elumalai Dinesh Kumar Elumalai Follow Jan 13 Lambda Durable Functions: Building Workflows That Run for a Year # aws # serverless # lambda # programming Comments Add Comment 6 min read Mi Top Certificiaciones en IT Como Propositos Para Este 2026 Francisco Moreno Francisco Moreno Francisco Moreno Follow Jan 13 Mi Top Certificiaciones en IT Como Propositos Para Este 2026 # aws # kubernetes # certification # cloud Comments Add Comment 11 min read AWS Is Moving Toward AI Factories, Not One-Off AI Projects Thej Deep Thej Deep Thej Deep Follow Jan 13 AWS Is Moving Toward AI Factories, Not One-Off AI Projects # ai # aws # tutorial # cloudcomputing Comments Add Comment 3 min read A Real-World Serverless Appointment Booking Backend on AWS Bernard Chika Uwaezuoke Bernard Chika Uwaezuoke Bernard Chika Uwaezuoke Follow Jan 12 A Real-World Serverless Appointment Booking Backend on AWS # aws # lambda # programming # serverless Comments Add Comment 10 min read I Built a Full AWS S3 Integration in Under 2 Hours—From First Prompt to Production Travis Wilson Travis Wilson Travis Wilson Follow Jan 12 I Built a Full AWS S3 Integration in Under 2 Hours—From First Prompt to Production # ai # aws # productivity Comments Add Comment 5 min read When Cloud Storage Fails: The DevOps Playbook for EC2 Disk Crises Ajit Kumar Ajit Kumar Ajit Kumar Follow Jan 13 When Cloud Storage Fails: The DevOps Playbook for EC2 Disk Crises # aws # ec2 # memory # devops Comments Add Comment 4 min read Asegurar un rol de servicio para AWS Lambda - Secure the service role used by AWS Lambda Juan Diego David Melo Alarcon Juan Diego David Melo Alarcon Juan Diego David Melo Alarcon Follow Jan 12 Asegurar un rol de servicio para AWS Lambda - Secure the service role used by AWS Lambda # aws # lambda # iam # security 2 reactions Comments 1 comment 8 min read AWS Lambda: The Serverless Engine Powering Cloud Automation Omkar Sharma Omkar Sharma Omkar Sharma Follow Jan 12 AWS Lambda: The Serverless Engine Powering Cloud Automation # automation # aws # serverless 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Measuring What Matters: Adding Multiple Dimension Sets to AWS Lambda Powertools Michael Uanikehi Michael Uanikehi Michael Uanikehi Follow Jan 12 Measuring What Matters: Adding Multiple Dimension Sets to AWS Lambda Powertools # observability # aws # serverless # opensource Comments Add Comment 4 min read AWS Athena: Query Your S3 Data Without Setting Up a Database Saksham Paliwal Saksham Paliwal Saksham Paliwal Follow Jan 12 AWS Athena: Query Your S3 Data Without Setting Up a Database # devops # aws # athena # awschallenge Comments Add Comment 4 min read AWS Graviton migration with Kiro CLI and the Arm MCP server Jason Andrews Jason Andrews Jason Andrews Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 12 AWS Graviton migration with Kiro CLI and the Arm MCP server # kiro # aws # arm # mcp Comments Add Comment 8 min read ⚡ AWS 133: Going Serverless - Deploying Your First AWS Lambda Function Hritik Raj Hritik Raj Hritik Raj Follow Jan 13 ⚡ AWS 133: Going Serverless - Deploying Your First AWS Lambda Function # aws # lambda # serverless # 100daysofcloud Comments Add Comment 3 min read Starting My Journey on DEV.to Sourabh Yogi Sourabh Yogi Sourabh Yogi Follow Jan 13 Starting My Journey on DEV.to # devops # aws # kubernetes # cicd Comments Add Comment 1 min read Amazon Bedrock AgentCore : MCP Server on AgentCore Runtime and AgentCore Gateway Budiono Santoso Budiono Santoso Budiono Santoso Follow Jan 12 Amazon Bedrock AgentCore : MCP Server on AgentCore Runtime and AgentCore Gateway # mcp # aws Comments Add Comment 7 min read Amazon Nova 2 Multimodal Embeddings with Amazon S3 Vectors and AWS Java SDK - Part 1 Introduction Vadym Kazulkin Vadym Kazulkin Vadym Kazulkin Follow for AWS Heroes Jan 12 Amazon Nova 2 Multimodal Embeddings with Amazon S3 Vectors and AWS Java SDK - Part 1 Introduction # aws # amazonnova # s3vectorstore # java Comments Add Comment 5 min read 🎓 Building an AI-Powered Study Buddy with AWS (Bedrock + Lambda) Basel Mohamed Alam Basel Mohamed Alam Basel Mohamed Alam Follow Jan 12 🎓 Building an AI-Powered Study Buddy with AWS (Bedrock + Lambda) # ai # aws # serverless # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read What I Learned Using Specification-Driven Development with Kiro Firdaws Aboulaye Firdaws Aboulaye Firdaws Aboulaye Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 12 What I Learned Using Specification-Driven Development with Kiro # aws # serverless # kiro 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read 🚨 AWS 132: Data Time Travel - RDS Snapshots and Restoration Hritik Raj Hritik Raj Hritik Raj Follow Jan 12 🚨 AWS 132: Data Time Travel - RDS Snapshots and Restoration # aws # rds # backup # 100daysofcloud 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Deploying AI Agents on AWS Without Creating a Security Mess Morgan Willis Morgan Willis Morgan Willis Follow Jan 12 Deploying AI Agents on AWS Without Creating a Security Mess # ai # agents # aws # security 8 reactions Comments Add Comment 14 min read loading... trending guides/resources Observability-Driven Kubernetes: A Practical EKS Demo GitOps with ArgoCD on Amazon EKS using Terraform: A Complete Implementation Guide I built my own S3 for $5/mo Shared Hosting (because no one else did) AWS DevOps Agent Explained: Architecture, Setup, and Real Root-Cause Demo (CloudWatch + EKS) How I Built an AI Terraform Review Agent on Serverless AWS How to Become an AWS Community Builder The 2026 Software Developer Roadmap: From Rejections to a Dream Tech Job Building AI Agents on AWS in 2025: A Practitioner's Guide to Bedrock, AgentCore, and Beyond How I Built My Terraform Portfolio: Projects, Repos, and Lessons Learned DNS Failures in EKS? The Real Bottleneck Was AWS Network Limits Automating made easy with Kiro CLI AWS Lambda Durable Functions: Build Workflows That Last Why Cloud Skills Matter in 2025 and Beyond The AWS AI/ML Landscape in 2026 — Simplified AWS DevOps Agent — The Future of Autonomous Cloud Operations How to Become an AWS Community Builder: Complete Guide for 2026 Applications How I Built My First App with Kiro From image to HTTPS endpoint in one step with ECS Express Mode Kiro Set me Back 2 months Building Practical AI Agents with Amazon Bedrock AgentCore 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/ar_abid_641aa302d5c68b2ae/why-your-e-commerce-filters-feel-slow-even-when-your-site-is-fast-4a57#the-hidden-cost-of-over-fetching | Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse ar abid Posted on Jan 13 Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast # webdev # frontend # ecommerce # ux Many e commerce sites load quickly. Product pages appear almost instantly. Images are optimized. Performance scores look healthy. Yet the moment users start filtering products, everything feels slow. This is one of the most common performance complaints in modern e commerce, and it is also one of the most misunderstood. Filters Are an Interaction Problem Not a Loading Problem Filtering is not a page load. It is an interaction loop. Users expect filters to feel instant because they are exploratory actions. When filters lag, users lose momentum and patience. Even a short delay after clicking a filter checkbox can feel broken. What Users Expect From Filters From a user point of view filtering should behave like this. Click a filter See results change immediately Continue browsing Users do not expect a full reload. They do not expect spinners. They do not expect hesitation. When filters feel slow, users often stop using them entirely or leave the site. What Actually Happens When Filters Are Applied Behind the scenes filtering often triggers heavy work. Query parameters change API requests are sent Large result sets are processed State updates trigger re renders Analytics events fire Many systems treat filtering as a mini page load instead of a lightweight interaction. This creates unnecessary delays. Why Fast Pages Still Have Slow Filters A site can load fast and still have slow filters because filters stress different parts of the stack. They stress JavaScript execution They stress rendering performance They stress network latency They stress state management None of this is reflected clearly in traditional page speed metrics. The Hidden Cost of Over Fetching Many filtering systems request full product lists every time a filter changes. This means: Large payloads Repeated network requests Unnecessary parsing work The UI waits while data it does not fully need is processed. Rendering Is Often the Real Bottleneck Even when API responses are fast, rendering filtered results can be slow. Large product grids Complex card components Images reflowing layouts Every filter change can trigger dozens or hundreds of component updates. This makes the interface feel sluggish even on fast connections. Why Debouncing Alone Does Not Fix It Debouncing filter requests helps reduce network traffic but does not solve perceived slowness. Users still experience a pause between action and feedback. Debouncing improves efficiency but not responsiveness. What High Performance Filtering Feels Like High performing e commerce filters follow one key principle. The interface responds first. Data catches up second. Users should always see immediate visual feedback that their action was registered. Immediate Feedback Matters More Than Accuracy Good filtering systems show feedback instantly. Checkbox states update immediately Active filters appear instantly Skeleton loaders or placeholders appear Even if the data update takes time, the user feels in control. Progressive Results Improve Perception Instead of waiting for all results to load, progressive rendering helps. Show partial results quickly Update the grid incrementally Avoid blank states Progress builds trust and keeps users engaged. Caching Makes Filters Feel Instant Many filter combinations repeat across users. Caching filtered results at the edge or application layer allows: Instant responses Reduced backend load Smoother interactions Smart caching turns filters into a near instant experience. A Real World Example On a production e commerce platform, shopperdot , users frequently applied multiple filters while browsing categories. Page load speed was not an issue. The problem appeared during rapid filter changes where the UI hesitated between actions. By prioritizing immediate UI feedback, caching common filter responses, and reducing unnecessary re renders, the filtering experience felt dramatically faster without changing the backend infrastructure. Why Mobile Users Feel This More Filtering issues are amplified on mobile. Slower CPUs Less memory More layout recalculations A filter delay that feels acceptable on desktop can feel frustrating on mobile. This makes filter performance a critical mobile conversion factor. Measuring Filter Performance Correctly Instead of measuring request time alone, measure: Time from filter click to UI feedback Time until first visible result update Dropped interactions during filtering These metrics reveal friction that traditional tools miss. Common Mistakes to Avoid Treating filters like full page loads Blocking UI updates until data arrives Re rendering entire grids unnecessarily Ignoring mobile performance constraints Each of these increases perceived slowness. Filters Are a Discovery Tool Not a Transaction Filtering is exploratory. Users are browsing, comparing, and narrowing options. Any friction here disrupts discovery and reduces engagement. Fast filters encourage exploration. Slow filters discourage it. Final Thoughts If users say your site feels slow, watch them use filters. Chances are the problem is not loading speed but interaction design. Fixing filters often delivers bigger UX gains than optimizing the homepage again. Because in modern e commerce, discovery speed matters as much as page speed. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse ar abid Follow Joined Dec 4, 2025 More from ar abid The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce Why Your E-commerce Site Is Slow (And How Developers Can Fix It) # webperf # frontend # developers # ecommerce 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://atproto.com/guides/overview | Protocol Overview - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme Protocol Overview The Authenticated Transfer Protocol , aka atproto , is a decentralized protocol for large-scale social web applications. This document will introduce you to the ideas behind the AT Protocol. Identity Users in AT Protocol have permanent decentralized identifiers (DIDs) for their accounts. They also have a configurable domain name, which acts as a human-readable handle. Identities include a reference to the user's current hosting provider and cryptographic keys. Data Repositories User data is exchanged in signed data repositories . These repositories are collections of records which include posts, comments, likes, follows, etc. Network Architecture The AT Protocol has a federated network architecture, meaning that account data is stored on host servers, as opposed to a peer-to-peer model between end devices. Federation was chosen to ensure the network is convenient to use and reliably available. Repository data is synchronized between servers over standard web technologies ( HTTP and WebSockets ). The three core services in our network are Personal Data Servers (PDS), Relays, and App Views. There are also supporting services such as feed generators and labelers. The lower-level primitives that can get stacked together differently are the repositories, lexicons, and DIDs. We published an overview of our technical decisions around federation architecture on our blog . Interoperation A global schemas network called Lexicon is used to unify the names and behaviors of the calls across the servers. Servers implement "lexicons" to support featuresets, including the core com.atproto.* lexicons for syncing user repositories and the app.bsky.* lexicons to provide basic social behaviors. While the Web exchanges documents, the AT Protocol exchanges schematic and semantic information, enabling the software from different organizations to understand each others' data. This gives atproto clients freedom to produce user interfaces independently of the servers, and removes the need to exchange rendering code (HTML/JS/CSS) while browsing content. Achieving Scale Personal Data Servers are your home in the cloud. They host your data, distribute it, manage your identity, and orchestrate requests to other services to give you your views. Relays collect data updates from many servers in to a single firehose. App Views provide aggregated application data for the entire network. They support large-scale metrics (likes, reposts, followers), content discovery (algorithms), and user search. This separation of roles is intended to provide users with choice between multiple interoperable providers, while also scaling to large network sizes. Algorithmic choice As with Web search engines, users are free to select their aggregators. Feeds, labelers, and search indices can be provided by independent third parties, with requests routed by the PDS, based on client app configuration. Client apps may be tied to specific services, such as App Views or mandatory labelers. Account portability We assume that a Personal Data Server may fail at any time, either by going offline in its entirety, or by ceasing service for specific users. The goal of the AT Protocol is to ensure that a user can migrate their account to a new PDS without the server's involvement. User data is stored in signed data repositories and authenticated by DIDs . Signed data repositories are like Git repos but for database records, and DIDs provide a directory of cryptographic keys, similar in some ways to the TLS certificate system. Identities are expected to be secure, reliable, and independent of the user's PDS. Most DID documents publish two types of public keys: a signing key and rotation keys. Signing key : Validates the user's data repository. All DIDs include such a key. Rotation keys : Asserts changes to the DID Document itself. The PLC DID method includes this, while the DID Web method does not. The signing key is entrusted to the PDS so that it can manage the user's data, but rotation keys can be controlled by the user, e.g. as a paper key. This makes it possible for the user to update their account to a new PDS without the original host's help. A backup of the user’s data could be persistently synced to a user's own device as a backup (contingent on the disk space available), or mirrored by a third-party service. In the event their PDS disappears without notice, the user should be able to migrate to a new provider by updating their DID Document and uploading their data backup. Speech, reach, and moderation AT Protocol's model is that speech and reach should be two separate layers, built to work with each other. The “speech” layer should remain permissive, distributing authority and designed to ensure everyone has a voice. The “reach” layer lives on top, built for flexibility and designed to scale. The base layer of atproto (personal data repositories and federated networking) creates a common space for speech where everyone is free to participate, analogous to the Web where anyone can put up a website. The indexing services then enable reach by aggregating content from the network, analogous to a search engine. Specifications Some of the primary specifications comprising the initial version of the AT Protocol are: Authenticated Transfer Protocol DIDs and Handles Repository and Data Model Lexicon HTTP API (XRPC) and Event Streams Previous Distributed Systems Next Identity © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://atproto.com/guides/self-hosting | Self-hosting - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme PDS Self-hosting Self-hosting a Bluesky PDS means running your own Personal Data Server that is capable of federating with the wider ATProto network. Table of Contents Preparation for self-hosting PDS Open your cloud firewall for HTTP and HTTPS Configure DNS for your domain Check that DNS is working as expected Installer on Ubuntu 20.04/22.04 and Debian 11/12 Verifying that your PDS is online and accessible Creating an account using pdsadmin Creating an account using an invite code Using the Bluesky app with your PDS Updating your PDS Getting help Preparation for self-hosting PDS Launch a server on any cloud provider, Digital Ocean and Vultr are two popular choices. Ensure that you can ssh to your server and have root access. Server Requirements Public IPv4 address Public DNS name Public inbound internet access permitted on port 80/tcp and 443/tcp Server Recommendations Operating System Ubuntu 22.04 Memory (RAM) 1 GB CPU Cores 1 Storage 20 GB SSD Architectures amd64, arm64 Number of users 1-20 Note: It is a good security practice to restrict inbound ssh access (port 22/tcp) to your own computer's public IP address. You can check your current public IP address using ifconfig.me . Open your cloud firewall for HTTP and HTTPS One of the most common sources of misconfiguration is not opening firewall ports correctly. Please be sure to double check this step. In your cloud provider's console, the following ports should be open to inbound access from the public internet. 80/tcp (Used only for TLS certification verification) 443/tcp (Used for all application requests) Note: there is no need to set up TLS or redirect requests from port 80 to 443 because the Caddy web server, included in the Docker compose file, will handle this for you. Configure DNS for your domain From your DNS provider's control panel, set up a domain with records pointing to your server. Name Type Value TTL example.com A 12.34.56.78 600 *.example.com A 12.34.56.78 600 Note: Replace example.com with your domain name. Replace 12.34.56.78 with your server's IP address. Some providers may use the @ symbol to represent the root of your domain. The wildcard record is required when allowing users to create new accounts on your PDS. The TTL can be anything but 600 (10 minutes) is reasonable Check that DNS is working as expected Use a service like DNS Checker to verify that you can resolve domain names. Examples to check (record type A ): example.com random.example.com test123.example.com These should all return your server's public IP. Installer on Ubuntu 20.04/22.04 and Debian 11/12 On your server via ssh, download the installer script using wget: wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bluesky-social/pds/main/installer.sh Copy Copied! or download it using curl: curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bluesky-social/pds/main/installer.sh > installer.sh Copy Copied! And then run the installer using bash: sudo bash installer.sh Copy Copied! Verifying that your PDS is online and accessible The most common problems with getting PDS content consumed in the live network are when folks substitute the provided Caddy configuration for nginx, apache, or similar reverse proxies. Getting TLS certificates, WebSockets, and virtual server names all correct can be tricky. We are not currently providing tech support for other configurations. You can check if your server is online and healthy by requesting the healthcheck endpoint. You can visit https://example.com/xrpc/_health in your browser. You should see a JSON response with a version, like: {"version":"0.2.2-beta.2"} Copy Copied! You'll also need to check that WebSockets are working, for the rest of the network to pick up content from your PDS. You can test by installing a tool like wsdump and running a command like: wsdump "wss://example.com/xrpc/com.atproto.sync.subscribeRepos?cursor=0" Copy Copied! Note that there will be no events output on the WebSocket until they are created in the PDS, so the above command may continue to run with no output if things are configured successfully. Creating an account using pdsadmin Using ssh on your server, use pdsadmin to create an account if you haven't already. sudo pdsadmin account create Copy Copied! Creating an account using an invite code Using ssh on your server, use pdsadmin to create an invite code. sudo pdsadmin create-invite-code Copy Copied! When creating an account using the app, enter this invite code. Using the Bluesky app with your PDS You can use the Bluesky app to connect to your PDS. Get the Bluesky app Bluesky for Web Bluesky for iPhone Bluesky for Android Enter the URL of your PDS (e.g. https://example.com/ ) Note: because the subdomain TLS certificate is created on-demand, it may take 10-30s for your handle to be accessible. If you aren't seeing your first post/profile, wait 30s and try to make another post. Updating your PDS It is recommended that you keep your PDS up to date with new versions, otherwise things may break. You can use the pdsadmin tool to update your PDS. sudo pdsadmin update Copy Copied! Getting help Visit the GitHub for issues and discussions. Join the AT Protocol PDS Admins Discord to chat with other folks hosting instances and get important updates about the PDS distribution. Previous Lexicon Style Guide Next Going to production © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # debugging Follow Hide Troubleshooting code issues Create Post Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Gemini told me it had 20 years in coding experience and spent 2 hours debugging a for-loop bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Jan 12 Gemini told me it had 20 years in coding experience and spent 2 hours debugging a for-loop # coding # ai # dumb # debugging 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 1 min read Debugging 5 Real-World Bugs: A Practical Walkthrough That Doesn't Include Console.log! Eleftheria Batsou Eleftheria Batsou Eleftheria Batsou Follow Jan 12 Debugging 5 Real-World Bugs: A Practical Walkthrough That Doesn't Include Console.log! # ai # debug # debugging # frontend 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 5 min read The Async/Await Pitfalls You're Still Making in 2026: A Complete JavaScript Debugging Guide HK Lee HK Lee HK Lee Follow Jan 12 The Async/Await Pitfalls You're Still Making in 2026: A Complete JavaScript Debugging Guide # javascript # asyncawait # debugging # node Comments Add Comment 12 min read Connecting LLMs to my debugging flow to fix a memory crash Dvir Segal Dvir Segal Dvir Segal Follow Jan 10 Connecting LLMs to my debugging flow to fix a memory crash # programming # debugging # artificialintelligen # llm Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Port 8000 Suddenly Stopped Working on My Local Machine (and How I Fixed It) Tahsin Abrar Tahsin Abrar Tahsin Abrar Follow Jan 10 Why Port 8000 Suddenly Stopped Working on My Local Machine (and How I Fixed It) # backend # networking # debugging # windows 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read The Silent Database Conflict Divyanshu Soni Divyanshu Soni Divyanshu Soni Follow Jan 8 The Silent Database Conflict # postgres # docker # debugging # wsl 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read ESPHome Gerät ständig "Offline"? 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Until It Doesn't 🕵️ Part 4: Building Station Station - Where SDD Helped (and Where It Didn't) Why Port 8000 Suddenly Stopped Working on My Local Machine (and How I Fixed It) The Bug: How a Missing Database Index Cost Us Real Money The Two-Field Mental Model: What Python Frameworks actually Hide From You? Off-By-One Errors Are Ruining Your Interviews: The 'Closed-Open' Fix I Built SoftLA: A Software-Only Logic Analyzer for UART & I2C Debugging (No Hardware Required) Learning debunning 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. 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https://atproto.com/sdks | SDKs - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Official libraries Community libraries Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme SDKs Official libraries Typescript Created by Bluesky Social PBC. Works on Web, NodeJS, and React Native. http client identifiers bsky crypto mst lexicon identity streaming service auth plc oauth server Go Created by Bluesky Social PBC. http client identifiers bsky crypto mst lexicon identity streaming service auth plc oauth server Community libraries Python Created by @marshal.dev. http client identifiers bsky crypto mst lexicon identity streaming service auth plc oauth server Previous ATProto Ethos Next Glossary © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Linux Follow Hide What are clouds made of? Linux servers, mostly. Create Post submission guidelines Articles and discussions should be directly related to Linux operating systems. Questions are encouraged (see the #help tag). Content with the main focus on bash or the Unix shell is permitted, but don't forget to add the #bash or #unix tag as you see it fitting. Articles mainly about WSL should be tagged with #wsl instead of #linux. about #linux Linux is a family of free and open source operating systems built on top of the Linux kernel, first released on 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Older #linux posts 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Linux Follow Hide What are clouds made of? Linux servers, mostly. Create Post submission guidelines Articles and discussions should be directly related to Linux operating systems. Questions are encouraged (see the #help tag). Content with the main focus on bash or the Unix shell is permitted, but don't forget to add the #bash or #unix tag as you see it fitting. Articles mainly about WSL should be tagged with #wsl instead of #linux. about #linux Linux is a family of free and open source operating systems built on top of the Linux kernel, first released on 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Older #linux posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 427 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu 🩺 How I Troubleshoot an EC2 Instance in the Real World (Using Instance Diagnostics) Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 12 🩺 How I Troubleshoot an EC2 Instance in the Real World (Using Instance Diagnostics) # aws # ec2 # linux # cloud 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Your "Atomic" Deploys Probably Aren't Atomic mojoatomic mojoatomic mojoatomic Follow Jan 12 Your "Atomic" Deploys Probably Aren't Atomic # devops # deployment # linux # macos Comments Add Comment 3 min read counter Query Filter Query Filter Query Filter Follow Jan 12 counter # automation # bash # database # linux Comments Add Comment 1 min read Bluefin (Atomic) Linux is for Tinkerers Frank Kmiec Frank Kmiec Frank Kmiec Follow Jan 12 Bluefin (Atomic) Linux is for Tinkerers # linux # atomic # bluefin # immutable Comments Add Comment 5 min read The Linux Power User Handbook: From Daily Driver to Productivity Machine MD. HABIBULLAH SHARIF MD. HABIBULLAH SHARIF MD. HABIBULLAH SHARIF Follow Jan 12 The Linux Power User Handbook: From Daily Driver to Productivity Machine # linux # productivity # commandline # bash 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 23 min read Day 1 of Learning Linux & GitHub 🚀 Nishant Nishant Nishant Follow Jan 12 Day 1 of Learning Linux & GitHub 🚀 # linux # mlops # ai # learninginpublic 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Getting Started with Ollama for Local LLMs Bernard K Bernard K Bernard K Follow Jan 12 Getting Started with Ollama for Local LLMs # llm # local # linux # mac Comments Add Comment 2 min read Week 4 Firewall Labs: 4 Production-Ready Firewall Scenarios with iptables fosres fosres fosres Follow Jan 12 Week 4 Firewall Labs: 4 Production-Ready Firewall Scenarios with iptables # security # linux # networking # cybersecurity Comments Add Comment 17 min read How to get virtual display outputs on Linux without using a dummy plug Fox Fox Fox Follow Jan 9 How to get virtual display outputs on Linux without using a dummy plug # linux # archlinux Comments Add Comment 4 min read Installing Arch Linux in 2026 (step-by-step) ZionS1_1 ZionS1_1 ZionS1_1 Follow Jan 11 Installing Arch Linux in 2026 (step-by-step) # bash # archlinux # linux # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read Linux Learning Journey – Day 2: Command-Line Practice & System Familiarity 🐧 Avinash wagh Avinash wagh Avinash wagh Follow Jan 12 Linux Learning Journey – Day 2: Command-Line Practice & System Familiarity 🐧 # linux # ubuntu # aws # learning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Setting Up Your Own Linux Server with Hetzner: A Technical Guide ITpraktika.com ITpraktika.com ITpraktika.com Follow Jan 11 Setting Up Your Own Linux Server with Hetzner: A Technical Guide # linux # devops # serverless # tutorial Comments Add Comment 6 min read Understanding Device Tree in Android SBC Development Danie Brooks Danie Brooks Danie Brooks Follow Jan 11 Understanding Device Tree in Android SBC Development # dts # kerne # linux # android Comments Add Comment 5 min read Kubernetes Persistence Series Part 2: The Foundation — From systemd to Control Plane Vincent Du Vincent Du Vincent Du Follow Jan 11 Kubernetes Persistence Series Part 2: The Foundation — From systemd to Control Plane # kubernetes # devops # linux # architecture 8 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Linux File & Directory Operations for DevOps — v1.0 Chetan Tekam Chetan Tekam Chetan Tekam Follow Jan 11 Linux File & Directory Operations for DevOps — v1.0 # beginners # linux # cloud # devops Comments Add Comment 2 min read Linux Monitoring & Alerting: Command-Line Mastery for DevOps Sajja Sudhakararao Sajja Sudhakararao Sajja Sudhakararao Follow Jan 11 Linux Monitoring & Alerting: Command-Line Mastery for DevOps # devops # linux # bash # shell Comments Add Comment 4 min read Claiming WSL Disk Space Paolo Paolo Paolo Follow Jan 12 Claiming WSL Disk Space # linux # microsoft # productivity # tooling Comments Add Comment 2 min read Week 4 Network Packet Tracing Challenge fosres fosres fosres Follow Jan 10 Week 4 Network Packet Tracing Challenge # security # networking # linux # interview Comments Add Comment 8 min read Things I Wish I Knew as a Junior Developer Arauly Technologies Pvt Ltd. Arauly Technologies Pvt Ltd. Arauly Technologies Pvt Ltd. Follow Jan 12 Things I Wish I Knew as a Junior Developer # programming # website # wordpress # linux 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read VitaGuard: My First Real-Time Linux System Health Monitor in Bash Danielius Navickas Danielius Navickas Danielius Navickas Follow Jan 10 VitaGuard: My First Real-Time Linux System Health Monitor in Bash # linux # ubuntu # tooling # devops Comments Add Comment 2 min read i made this project syswaifu, shows your system stats with random waifu image. Ovi ren Ovi ren Ovi ren Follow Jan 10 i made this project syswaifu, shows your system stats with random waifu image. # showdev # tooling # cli # linux Comments Add Comment 1 min read GRPM v0.5.0: 75% Gentoo Coverage — Rapid Development Complete Andrey Kolkov Andrey Kolkov Andrey Kolkov Follow Jan 10 GRPM v0.5.0: 75% Gentoo Coverage — Rapid Development Complete # go # linux # opensource # packagemanager Comments Add Comment 4 min read I'm in 3rd Year - Here's My Complete OS Guide for Campus Placements 📚 Rajat Parihar Rajat Parihar Rajat Parihar Follow Jan 9 I'm in 3rd Year - Here's My Complete OS Guide for Campus Placements 📚 # operatingsystems # placements # computerscience # linux 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 25 min read From Linux Primitives to Docker Swarm: A Deep Dive into Container Networking 🚀 Christian Ameachi Christian Ameachi Christian Ameachi Follow Jan 9 From Linux Primitives to Docker Swarm: A Deep Dive into Container Networking 🚀 # devops # docker # linux # networking 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read stangri's OpenWrt packages updates Stan Grishin Stan Grishin Stan Grishin Follow Jan 10 stangri's OpenWrt packages updates # linux # networking # opensource # tooling Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... trending guides/resources Linux Without Fanboyism: An Honest Developer’s Perspective DevOps From Scratch: Entry #01 Advent of Cyber 2025: Day 1 Writeup & SideQuest | TryHackMe Fedora 43 Post-Install Guide: 10 Essential Things to Do After Installing The Weirdest Linux Distros That Shouldn’t Exist (But Absolutely Do) Advent of Cyber 2025: Day 2 Writeup | TryHackMe Navigating the Switch: How to Choose the Right Linux Distro in 2026 Running Local AI on Linux With GPU: Ollama + Open WebUI + Gemma Sync any Linux folder to Google drive using Rclone + systemd. NVIDIA Drops GTX 900/1000 Support in 590 Driver - Getting a Fix on Arch Linux Setting up an encrypted secondary drive on Linux Spotify Connect, Raspberry Pi, AirPlay & HomePod - because simple audio setups are boring Observations from Finetuning Gemma Model on Strix Halo (Fedora 43) Fixing WebView2 Issues in Linux Bottles: How I Got It Working Running Firefox in Docker? Yes, with a GUI and noVNC! How I Turned an Old Phone into a Linux Server My Smooth Journey Setting Up Dual Boot: Windows + Fedora Workstation Linux 🚀🐧 MacOS on debian QEMU KVM Redox OS: Is the Future of Operating Systems Written in Rust? 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https://atproto.com/specs/did | DID - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme AT Protocol DIDs The AT Protocol uses Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) as persistent, long-term account identifiers. DID is a W3C standard, with many standardized and proposed DID method implementations. Blessed DID Methods Currently, atproto supports two DID methods: did:web , which is a W3C standard based on HTTPS (and DNS). The identifier section is a hostname. This method is supported in atproto to provide an independent alternative to did:plc . The method is inherently tied to the domain name used, and does not provide a mechanism for migration or recovering from loss of control of the domain name. In the context of atproto, only hostname-level did:web DIDs are supported: path-based DIDs are not supported. The same restrictions on top-level domains that apply to handles (eg, no .arpa ) also apply to did:web domains. The special localhost hostname is allowed, but only in testing and development environments. Port numbers (with separating colon hex-encoded) are only allowed for localhost , and only in testing and development. did:plc , which is a novel DID method developed by Bluesky. See the did-method-plc GitHub repository for details. In the future, a small number of additional methods may be supported. It is not the intention to support all or even many DID methods, even with the existence of universal resolver software. AT Protocol DID Identifier Syntax Lexicon string format type: did The DID Core specification constraints on DID identifier syntax, regardless of the method used. A summary of those syntax constraints, which may be used to validate DID generically in atproto are: The entire URI is made up of a subset of ASCII, containing letters ( A-Z , a-z ), digits ( 0-9 ), period, underscore, colon, percent sign, or hyphen ( ._:%- ) The URI is case-sensitive The URI starts with lowercase did: The method segment is one or more lowercase letters ( a-z ), followed by : The remainder of the URI (the identifier) may contain any of the above-allowed ASCII characters, except for percent-sign ( % ) The URI (and thus the remaining identifier) may not end in : . Percent-sign ( % ) is used for "percent encoding" in the identifier section, and must always be followed by two hex characters Query ( ? ) and fragment ( # ) sections are allowed in DID URIs, but not in DID identifiers. In the context of atproto, the query and fragment parts are not allowed. DID identifiers do not generally have a maximum length restriction, but in the context of atproto, there is an initial hard limit of 2048 characters. In the context of atproto, implementations do not need to validate percent encoding. The percent symbol is allowed in DID identifier segments, but the identifier should not end in a percent symbol. A DID containing invalid percent encoding should fail any attempt at registration, resolution, etc. A reasonable starting-point regex for DIDs in the context of atproto is: // NOTE: does not constrain overall length /^did:[a-z]+:[a-zA-Z0-9._:%-]*[a-zA-Z0-9._-]$/ Copy Copied! Examples Valid DIDs for use in atproto (correct syntax, and supported method): did:plc:z72i7hdynmk6r22z27h6tvur did:web:blueskyweb.xyz Copy Copied! Valid DID syntax (would pass Lexicon syntax validation), but unsupported DID method: did:method:val:two did:m:v did:method::::val did:method:-:_:. did:key:zQ3shZc2QzApp2oymGvQbzP8eKheVshBHbU4ZYjeXqwSKEn6N Copy Copied! Invalid DID identifier syntax (regardless of DID method): did:METHOD:val did:m123:val DID:method:val did:method: did:method:val/two did:method:val?two did:method:val#two Copy Copied! DID Documents After a DID document has been resolved, atproto-specific information needs to be extracted. This parsing process is agnostic to the DID method used to resolve the document. The current handle for the DID is found in the alsoKnownAs array. Each element of this array is a URI. Handles will have the URI scheme at:// , followed by the handle, with no path or other URI parts. The current primary handle is the first valid handle URI found in the ordered list. Any other handle URIs should be ignored. It is crucial to validate the handle bidirectionally, by resolving the handle to a DID and checking that it matches the current DID document. The DID is the primary account identifier, and an account whose DID document does not contain a valid and confirmed handle can still, in theory, participate in the atproto ecosystem. Software should be careful to either not display any handle for such account, or obviously indicate that any handle associated with it is invalid. The public signing key for the account is found under the verificationMethod array, in an object with id ending #atproto , the controller matching the DID itself, and type matching the fixed string "Multikey" . The first valid atproto signing key in the array should be used, and any others ignored. The publicKeyMultibase field will be the public key in multibase encoding. A legacy format exists with slightly different requirements. See below for details about parsing fields for both formats. A valid signing key is required for atproto functionality, and an account with no valid key in their DID document is broken. The PDS service network location for the account is found under the service array, with id ending #atproto_pds , and type matching AtprotoPersonalDataServer . The first matching entry in the array should be used, and any others ignored. The serviceEndpoint field must contain an HTTPS URL of server. It should contain only the URI scheme ( http or https ), hostname, and optional port number, not any "userinfo", path prefix, or other components. A working PDS is required for atproto account functionality, and an account with no valid PDS location in their DID document is broken. Note that a valid URL doesn't mean the the PDS itself is currently functional or hosting content for the account. During account migrations or server downtime there may be windows when the PDS is not accessible, but this does not mean the account should immediately be considered broken or invalid. Representation of Public Keys The atproto cryptographic systems are described in Cryptography , including details of byte and string encoding of public keys. Public keys in DID documents under verificationMethod , including atproto signing keys, are represented as an object with the following fields: id (string, required): the DID followed by an identifying fragment. Use #atproto as the fragment for atproto signing keys type (string, required): the fixed string Multikey controller (string, required): DID controlling the key, which in the current version of atproto must match the account DID itself publicKeyMultibase (string, required): the public key itself, encoded in multibase format (with multicodec type indicator, and "compressed" key bytes) The publicKeyMultibase format for Multikey is the same encoding scheme as used with did:key , but without the did:key: prefix. See Cryptography for details. Note that there is not yet a formal W3C standard for using P-256 public keys in DID verificationMethod sections, but that the Multikey standard does clarify what the encoding encoding should be for this key type. Legacy Representation Some older DID documents, which may still appear in did:web docs, had slightly different key encodings and verificationMethod syntax. Implementations may support these older DID documents during a transition period, but the intention is to require DID specification compliance going forward. The older verificationMethod for atproto signing keys contained: id (string, required): the fixed string #atproto , without the full DID included type (string, required): a fixed name identifying the key's curve type p256 : EcdsaSecp256r1VerificationKey2019 (note the "r") k256 : EcdsaSecp256k1VerificationKey2019 (note the "k") controller (string, required): DID controlling the key, which in the current version of atproto must match the account DID itself publicKeyMultibase (string, required): the public key itself, encoded in multibase format ( without multicodec, and uncompressed key bytes) Note that the EcdsaSecp256r1VerificationKey2019 type is not a final W3C standard. The EcdsaSecp256r1VerificationKey2019 verificationMethod is not a final W3C standard. We will move to whatever ends up standardized by W3C for representing P-256 public keys with publicKeyMultibase . This may mean a transition to Multikey , and we would transition K-256 representations to that type as well. A summary of the multibase encoding in this context: Start with the full public key bytes. Do not use the "compressed" or "compact" representation (unlike for did:key or Multikey encoding) Do not prefix with a multicodec value indicating the key type Encode the key bytes with base58btc , yielding a string Add the character z as a prefix, to indicate the multibase, and include no other multicodec indicators The decoding process is the same in reverse, using the curve type as context. Here is an example of a single public key encoded in the legacy and current formats: // legacy multibase encoding of K-256 public key { "id": ..., "controller": ..., "type": "EcdsaSecp256k1VerificationKey2019", "publicKeyMultibase": "zQYEBzXeuTM9UR3rfvNag6L3RNAs5pQZyYPsomTsgQhsxLdEgCrPTLgFna8yqCnxPpNT7DBk6Ym3dgPKNu86vt9GR" } // preferred multibase encoding of same K-256 public key { "id": ..., "controller": ..., "type": "Multikey", "publicKeyMultibase": "zQ3shXjHeiBuRCKmM36cuYnm7YEMzhGnCmCyW92sRJ9pribSF" } Copy Copied! Usage and Implementation Guidelines Protocol implementations should be flexible to processing content containing DIDs based on unsupported DID methods. This is important to allow gradual evolution of the protocol ecosystem over time. In other words, implementations should distinguish between at least the distinct cases "invalid DID syntax", "unsupported DID method" and "supported DID method, but specific DID resolution failed". While longer DIDs are supported in the protocol, a good best practice is to use relatively short DIDs, and to avoid DIDs longer than 64 characters. DIDs are case-sensitive. While the currently-supported methods are not case sensitive, and could be safely lowercased, protocol implementations should reject DIDs with invalid casing. It is permissible to attempt case normalization when receiving user-controlled input, such as when parsing public URL path components, or text input fields. Interop test vectors are available from the atproto-interop-tests repository. Possible Future Changes The hard maximum DID length limit may be reduced, at the protocol syntax level. We are not aware of any DID methods that we would consider supporting which have identifiers longer than, say, 256 characters. There is a good chance that the set of "blessed" DID methods will slowly expand over time. Previous Sync Next Handle © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. 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https://atproto.com/specs/record-key | Record Key - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme Record Keys A Record Key (sometimes shortened to rkey ) is used to name and reference an individual record within the same collection of an atproto repository. It ends up as a segment in AT URIs, and in the repo MST path. A few different Record Key naming schemes are supported. Every record Lexicon schema will indicate which of the record key types should be used, depending on the needs and semantics of the record collection. Record Key Type: tid This is the most common record naming scheme, using TID ("timestamp identifier") syntax , such as 3jzfcijpj2z2a . TIDs are usually generated from a local clock at the time of record creation, with some additional mechanisms to ensure they always increment and are not reused or duplicated with the same collection in a given repository. The original creation timestamp of a record can be inferred if it has a TID record key, but remember that these keys can be specified by the end user and could have any value, so they should not be trusted. The same TID may be used for records in different collections in the same repository. This usually indicates some relationship between the two records (eg, a "sidecar" extension record). An early motivation for the TID scheme was to provide a loose temporal ordering of records, which improves storage efficiency of the repository data structure (MST). Record Key Type: nsid For cases where the record key must be a valid NSID . Record Key Type: literal:<value> This key type is used when there should be only a single record in the collection, with a fixed, well-known Record Key. The most common value is self , specified as literal:self in a Lexicon schema. Record Key Type: any Any string meeting the overall Record Key schema requirements (see below) is allowed. This is the most flexible type of Record Key. This may be used to encode semantics in the name, for example, a domain name, integer, or (transformed) AT URI. This enables de-duplication and known-URI lookups. Record Key Syntax Lexicon string type: record-key Regardless of the type, Record Keys must fulfill some baseline syntax constraints: restricted to a subset of ASCII characters — the allowed characters are alphanumeric ( A-Za-z0-9 ), period, dash, underscore, colon, or tilde ( .-_:~ ) must have at least 1 and at most 512 characters the specific record key values . and .. are not allowed must be a permissible part of repository MST path string (the above constraints satisfy this condition) must be permissible to include in a path component of a URI (following RFC-3986, section 3.3). The above constraints satisfy this condition, by matching the "unreserved" characters allowed in generic URI paths. Record Keys are case-sensitive. Examples Valid Record Keys: 3jui7kd54zh2y self example.com ~1.2-3_ dHJ1ZQ pre:fix _ Copy Copied! Invalid Record Keys: alpha/beta . .. #extra @handle any space any+space number[3] number(3) "quote" dHJ1ZQ== Copy Copied! Usage and Implementation Guidelines Implementations should not rely on global uniqueness of TIDs, and should not trust TID timestamps as actual record creation timestamps. Record Keys are "user-controlled data" and may be arbitrarily selected by hostile accounts. Most software processing repositories and records should be agnostic to the Record Key type and values, and usually treat them as simple strings. For example, relying on TID keys to decode as base32 into a unique uint64 makes it tempting to rely on this for use as a database key, but doing so is not resilient to key format changes and is discouraged. Note that in the context of a repository, the same Record Key value may be used under multiple collections. The tuple of (did, rkey) is not unique; the tuple (did, collection, rkey) is unique. As a best practice, keep key paths to under 80 characters in virtually all situations. The colon character was de-facto allowed in the reference implementation in 2023, and the spec was updated to allow this character in February 2024. Note that "most" DIDs work as record keys, but that the full DID W3C specification allows DIDs with additional characters. This means that DIDs could be used as record keys at time of writing, and this will work with current "blessed" DID methods (note that did:web is restricted in atproto to only full domains, not paths or port specification), but that this could break in the future with different DID methods or DID features (like did:web paths) allowed. While Record Keys are case-sensitive, it is a recommended practice to use all-lower-case Record Keys to avoid confusion and maximize possible re-use in case-insensitive contexts. Possible Future Changes The constraints on Record Key syntax may be relaxed in the future to allow non-ASCII Unicode characters. Record keys will always be valid Unicode, never relaxed to allow arbitrary byte-strings. Additional Record Key types may be defined. The maximum length may be tweaked. The % character is reserved for possible use with URL encoding, but note that such encoding is not currently supported. Additional constraints on the generic syntax may be added. For example, requiring at least one alphanumeric character. Previous TID Next URI Scheme © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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https://atproto.com/specs/tid | Timestamp Identifiers (TIDs) - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme Timestamp Identifiers (TIDs) A TID ("timestamp identifier") is a compact string identifier based on an integer timestamp. They are sortable, appropriate for use in web URLs, and useful as a "logical clock" in networked systems. TIDs are currently used in atproto as record keys and for repository commit "revision" numbers. Note: There are similarities to "snowflake identifiers" . In the decentralized context of atproto, the global uniqueness of TIDs can not be guaranteed, and an antagonistic repo controller could trivially create records re-using known TIDs. TID Structure The high-level semantics of a TID are: 64-bit integer big-endian byte ordering encoded as base32-sortable . That is, encoded with characters 234567abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz no special padding characters (like = ) are used, but all digits are always encoded, so length is always 13 ASCII characters. The TID corresponding to integer zero is 2222222222222 . The layout of the 64-bit integer is: The top bit is always 0 The next 53 bits represent microseconds since the UNIX epoch. 53 bits is chosen as the maximum safe integer precision in a 64-bit floating point number, as used by Javascript. The final 10 bits are a random "clock identifier." TID generators should generate a random clock identifier number, chosen to avoid collisions as much as possible (for example, between multiple worker instances of a PDS service cluster). A local clock can be used to generate the timestamp itself. Care should be taken to ensure the TID output stream is monotonically increasing and never repeats, even if multiple TIDs are generated in the same microsecond, or during "clock smear" or clock synchronization incidents. If the local clock has only millisecond precision, the timestamp should be padded. (You can do this by multiplying by 1000.) TID Syntax Lexicon string type: tid TID string syntax parsing rules: length is always 13 ASCII characters uses base32-sortable character set, meaning 234567abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz the first character must be one of 234567abcdefghij Early versions of the TID syntax allowed hyphens, but they are no longer allowed and should be rejected when parsing. A reference regex for TID is: /^[234567abcdefghij][234567abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz]{12}$/ Copy Copied! Examples Syntactically valid TIDs: 3jzfcijpj2z2a 7777777777777 3zzzzzzzzzzzz 2222222222222 Copy Copied! Invalid TIDs: # not base32 3jzfcijpj2z21 0000000000000 # case-sensitive 3JZFCIJPJ2Z2A # too long/short 3jzfcijpj2z2aa 3jzfcijpj2z2 222 # legacy dash syntax *not* supported (TTTT-TTT-TTTT-CC) 3jzf-cij-pj2z-2a # high bit can't be set zzzzzzzzzzzzz kjzfcijpj2z2a Copy Copied! Previous NSID Next Record Key © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://dev.to/realnamehidden1_61/your-proxy-should-only-allow-requests-with-a-custom-header-how-do-you-do-it-in-apigee-x-58b2 | Your Proxy Should Only Allow Requests with a Custom Header — How Do You Do It in Apigee X? - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse realNameHidden Posted on Jan 11 Your Proxy Should Only Allow Requests with a Custom Header — How Do You Do It in Apigee X? # security # api # tutorial # cloud Introduction Imagine you’re running a private event. You don’t let just anyone walk in — you only allow people who show a special invite card at the entrance. APIs work the same way. In modern systems, APIs are constantly exposed to unknown clients, bots, and sometimes even malicious traffic. This is where Apigee shines. It acts like a smart security guard for your APIs. In this blog, we’ll answer a very common real-world question: “My proxy should only allow requests if a custom header is present. How do I enforce this?” By the end of this post, you’ll learn: Why header-based validation is important How API proxies help enforce rules A step-by-step Apigee X implementation Best practices and common mistakes to avoid Perfect for beginners and interview preparation 👍 Core Concepts What Is an API Proxy in Apigee X? Think of an API proxy as a security checkpoint between clients and your backend service. Clients never talk directly to your backend. Instead, they go through the proxy, which can: Validate requests Enforce security rules Block unwanted traffic Log and monitor API usage Why Check for a Custom Header? A custom header is like a secret handshake. Examples: X-Client-Id X-App-Name X-Internal-Request Real-World Analogy 🏢 Imagine entering an office: Security asks for your ID card No ID → No entry Similarly: Header present → Request allowed Header missing → Request blocked 🚫 Use Cases & Benefits ✔ Restrict internal APIs ✔ Add an extra layer of API security ✔ Prevent unauthorized or accidental access ✔ Simple alternative to OAuth for basic use cases Step-by-Step Guide: Allow Requests Only When a Custom Header Is Present We’ll enforce this rule using policies in Apigee X. Step 1: Decide the Header Name Example header: X-Request-Source Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Your rule: Requests must contain X-Request-Source , otherwise reject them. Step 2: Create a RaiseFault Policy This policy will block requests if the header is missing. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <RaiseFault name= "RF-Missing-Custom-Header" > <FaultResponse> <Set> <StatusCode> 400 </StatusCode> <ReasonPhrase> Bad Request </ReasonPhrase> <Payload contentType= "application/json" > { "error": "Missing required header: X-Request-Source" } </Payload> </Set> </FaultResponse> <IgnoreUnresolvedVariables> true </IgnoreUnresolvedVariables> </RaiseFault> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 💡 This defines what response the client sees when the rule fails. Step 3: Attach the Policy with a Condition Attach this policy in the PreFlow → Request section of your proxy. <Flow name= "Validate-Custom-Header" > <Condition> request.header.X-Request-Source = null </Condition> <Request> <Step> <Name> RF-Missing-Custom-Header </Name> </Step> </Request> </Flow> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 📌 What this condition means: If X-Request-Source does not exist Trigger the RaiseFault policy Stop request processing immediately Step 4: Test Your API ❌ Request without header curl https://api.example.com/v1/data Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Response: { "error" : "Missing required header: X-Request-Source" } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode ✅ Request with header curl -H "X-Request-Source: mobile-app" https://api.example.com/v1/data Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Response: { "status" : "success" } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 🎉 Your API is now protected! Best Practices ✅ 1. Validate Early Always validate headers in PreFlow so invalid requests are rejected fast. ✅ 2. Use Meaningful Error Messages Clear error messages help consumers fix issues quickly. ✅ 3. Combine with Other Security Header checks work best alongside: OAuth API Keys Spike Arrest ✅ 4. Log Missing Headers Use logging policies to monitor how often requests fail validation. Common Mistakes to Avoid ❌ 🚫 Checking headers in the response flow 🚫 Using case-sensitive header names incorrectly 🚫 Forgetting to handle null values 🚫 Relying only on headers for sensitive APIs Conclusion Custom header validation is one of the simplest and most effective security techniques in API Proxies in Apigee X . Key Takeaways: API proxies act as gatekeepers Custom headers add lightweight security RaiseFault + Conditions = clean enforcement Easy to implement, powerful in practice Start small, test often, and gradually layer more security as your APIs grow. Call to Action 🚀 💬 Have you used custom headers in Apigee X before? Drop your questions or experiences in the comments! 📌 Follow for more Apigee X , API security , and API traffic management tips. 🔔 Subscribe to stay updated with real-world API patterns and interview-ready scenarios. Authoritative Links: https://cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/api-platform/fundamentals/what-apigee https://cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/api-platform/reference/policies/raise-fault-policy https://cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/api-platform/reference/conditions-reference Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse realNameHidden Follow Actively Looking For Work Youtube Channel Link : https://www.youtube.com/@realNameHiddenn Blog : https://idiotprogrammern.blogspot.com/ Location India Work Looking For Work email : realnamehiddenyt@gmail.com Joined Oct 23, 2021 More from realNameHidden How to Use JWT Authentication in Spring Boot (Java 21) — An End-to-End Beginner Guide # java # security # springboot # tutorial The Beginner’s Guide to Cryptogram and ECI in Card Payments # beginners # cybersecurity # tutorial How AI + GCP Work Together to Build Scalable, Real-World Intelligent Applications # gcp # cloud # cloudnative 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://github.com/mursalfk/Random-Number-Generator | GitHub - mursalfk/Random-Number-Generator: Create a random number generator application with one activity as shown below. When user presses refresh button, a new random number be generated with in specified range and the app should record five recently generate numbers Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests... --> Search Clear Search syntax tips Provide feedback --> We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously. Include my email address so I can be contacted Cancel Submit feedback Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly --> Name Query To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation . Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up Appearance settings Resetting focus You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. Dismiss alert {{ message }} mursalfk / Random-Number-Generator Public Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Fork 0 Star 3 Create a random number generator application with one activity as shown below. When user presses refresh button, a new random number be generated with in specified range and the app should record five recently generate numbers 3 stars 0 forks Branches Tags Activity Star Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Code Issues 0 Pull requests 0 Actions Projects 0 Security Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Insights Additional navigation options Code Issues Pull requests Actions Projects Security Insights mursalfk/Random-Number-Generator master Branches Tags Go to file Code Open more actions menu Folders and files Name Name Last commit message Last commit date Latest commit History 1 Commit .idea .idea app app gradle/ wrapper gradle/ wrapper .gitignore .gitignore build.gradle build.gradle gradle.properties gradle.properties gradlew gradlew gradlew.bat gradlew.bat settings.gradle settings.gradle View all files About Create a random number generator application with one activity as shown below. When user presses refresh button, a new random number be generated with in specified range and the app should record five recently generate numbers Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Activity Stars 3 stars Watchers 1 watching Forks 0 forks Report repository Releases No releases published Packages 0 No packages published Languages Java 100.0% Footer © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Footer navigation Terms Privacy Security Status Community Docs Contact Manage cookies Do not share my personal information You can’t perform that action at this time. | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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Purposes for which we process Personal Data We collect and process Personal Data for a variety of purposes, including but not limited to the following: to provide our websites (including our social media pages); to display personalized advertisements and content; to manage event registrations, attendance, and participation in webinars, contests or promotions; to ensure the safety and security of our offices, premises, employees and events; to send marketing communications; to handle support or service-related requests; to prospect sales leads; to develop and optimize the performance of our services; to manage and document our customer and user accounts; to administer surveys and conduct research; and to comply with our legal obligations and defend Salesforce. For the entire list of purposes for which we Process your Personal Data, please see the full Privacy Statement. We only collect and process your Personal Data to the extent it is necessary for fulfilling these purposes and where we can rely on a legal basis for such processing as set out in our full Privacy Statement. Where legally required, we will ask you for your prior consent to processing. Please review the "What Personal Data do we collect?" and "Purposes for which we process your Personal Data and the legal bases on which we rely" sections in our full Privacy Statement for further details. Also, please review the "How long do we keep your Personal Data?" section to learn how long we store your Personal Data. Who do we share Personal Data with We may share Personal Data with various parties, including: service providers; Salesforce affiliates; event sponsors; partners; customers with whom you are affiliated and/or the applicable partner responsible for access to your services; contest and promotion sponsors; third-party networks and websites; Salesforce-affiliated App Exchange partners; professional advisors; third parties involved in a corporate transaction; third party accounts (in relation to Tableau); and public authorities. Please review the "Who do we share Personal Data with" section in our full Privacy Statement for the full list and more detailed information about each category listed above. International transfer of Personal Data Your Personal Data may be transferred to, and stored by us, in the United States and by our affiliates and third parties (as disclosed in the full Privacy Statement) as listed in the Privacy Statement. Therefore, your Personal Data may be processed and stored outside your country or jurisdiction, including in places that may not provide the same level of protection. As described in the "International transfers of Personal Data" section of our full Privacy Statement, we have implemented safeguards to ensure an adequate level of protection where your Personal Data is transferred, including, where required, standard contractual clauses or an alternative mechanism for the transfer of Personal Data as approved by the European Commission. Salesforce also commits to comply with the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework, the Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework, and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework (collectively, the “DPF”) and certifies its adherence to the DPF Principles as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce. For more information, please see the full Privacy Statement. Your rights relating to Personal Data You have certain rights relating to your Personal Data, subject to local data protection laws. Depending on the applicable laws, these rights may include the right to: Access your Personal Data held by us; Know more about how we process your Personal Data; Rectify inaccurate Personal Data and, taking into account the purpose of processing the Personal Data, ensure it is complete; Erase or delete your Personal Data; Restrict our processing of your Personal Data; Transfer your Personal Data to another controller (data portability), to the extent possible; Object to any processing of your Personal Data; Opt out of certain disclosures of your Personal Data to third parties; Know what categories of Personal Data are shared for delivering advertisements on non Salesforce websites, applications, and services and the categories of recipients of such Personal Data; Opt out of the sharing of your Personal Data for delivering advertisements on non-Salesforce websites, applications, and services; If you’re under the age of 16, or such other applicable age of consent for privacy purposes in relevant individual jurisdictions, opt in to certain disclosures of your Personal Data to third parties; Not be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects (“automated decision-making”); Withdraw your consent at any time (to the extent we rely on consent as our legal basis for processing); Complain about the use of your Personal Data; Not be discriminated against for exercising your rights as described above; and Appeal our refusal to act upon your request to exercise a right relating to your Personal Data by following the steps provided in response to your inquiry. For more details on your rights and choices and how to exercise them, please review the "Your rights relating to your Personal Data" section in our full Privacy Statement. Contacting us To exercise your rights relating to your Personal Data, or if you have questions regarding our privacy practices, please fill out this form, email us at privacy@salesforce.com, call us at tel:1-800-931-7365 or write to us at: Salesforce Data Protection Officer (Salesforce Privacy Team) (and in India, a Grievance Officer) 415 Mission St., 3rd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105, USA When you contact us, please indicate in which country and/or state you reside. If you have an unresolved concern in respect of our processing of your Personal Data that you believe we have not addressed satisfactorily, you can contact our U.S.-based third party dispute resolution provider (free of charge) at https://feedback-form.truste.com/watchdog/request. If you believe that we have not been able to assist with your complaint or concern, and you are located in the EEA or the UK, you have the right to lodge a complaint with the competent supervisory authority. If you work or reside in a country that is a member of the European Union or that is in the EEA, you may find the contact details for your appropriate data protection authority on the following website. Full Salesforce Privacy Statement Effective as of August 26, 2025. At Salesforce, trust is our #1 value. This Privacy Statement describes how Salesforce collects, uses, shares or otherwise processes information relating to individuals (“Personal Data”) and the rights associated with that processing. 1. Responsible Salesforce entity Salesforce, Inc. and/or its affiliated entities (“Salesforce, “we”, “us”, or the “Company”) are responsible for the processing of your Personal Data as described in this Privacy Statement, unless specified otherwise, and act as the controller of such Personal Data. A list of Salesforce’s affiliates can be found in the List of Subsidiaries section of Salesforce’s most recent Form 10-K, available under the SEC Filings tab by selecting the “Annual Filings” filter on the page located here . This Privacy Statement does not apply to the extent we process Personal Data as a processor or service provider on behalf of our customers, including where we offer to our customers various services through which our customers (or their affiliates): (i) create their own websites and applications running on our platforms; (ii) sell or offer their own products and services; (iii) send electronic communications to others; or (iv) otherwise collect, use, share or process Personal Data via our services. For detailed privacy information related to a Salesforce customer or a customer affiliate who uses Salesforce services as the controller, please contact our customer directly. We are not responsible for the privacy or data security practices of our customers, which may differ from those explained in this Privacy Statement. For more information, please also see Section 10.3 below. 2. When this Privacy Statement applies This Privacy Statement applies to the processing of Personal Data collected by us when you: • Visit or interact with our websites that display or link to this Privacy Statement; • Visit or interact with our branded social media pages; • Visit our offices or other premises; • Receive communications from us or otherwise communicate with us, including but not limited to emails, phone calls, texts or faxes; • Use our services where we act as a controller of your Personal Data; • Register for, attend or take part in our events, webinars, programs, trainings, certifications or contests; • Act as or work for a service provider or supplier to Salesforce, to the extent Salesforce acts as a controller with respect to your Personal Data; • Are employed by a customer using our services where your Personal Data has been shared with us in our capacity as a controller (for example, during the sales or contracting process); • Participate in a Salesforce community, such as that focused on open source development; or • Participate in surveys, research or other similar data collection facilitated by us. We also host several online marketplaces such as: • AppExchange, which is an online marketplace for on-demand web applications that run on the Salesforce platform and that may be provided by us or by third parties (see https://appexchange.salesforce.com/ ), and • Tableau’s Extension Gallery ( https://extensiongallery.tableau.com ) which offers connectors and solutions that provide additional functionality for Tableau, such as dashboard extensions. When applications, connectors, extensions or other solutions are provided by us and they link to this Privacy Statement, this Privacy Statement applies. When these offerings are provided by third parties, the privacy statement of the relevant third party applies and this Privacy Statement does not. Our websites and services may contain links to other websites, applications, platforms and services maintained by third parties. Salesforce does not control these and the information practices of those third parties, including the social media platforms that host our branded social media pages, are governed by their own privacy statements. It is recommended that you read the applicable privacy statements carefully to understand their privacy practices. In some circumstances, we also collect, or our partners provide us with, publicly available information which may contain Personal Data that you have published or that has been made available online. The way in which our partners collect this is detailed in their own privacy statements, available on their websites. Salesforce may use artificial intelligence to process your Personal Data, including to develop and deploy AI systems. Where artificial intelligence is leveraged, it will only be used where legally permissible, in compliance with this Privacy Statement, and in a manner which is consistent with our commitments and values. More information on Salesforce’s responsible AI practices can be found here. For the avoidance of doubt, this applies where Salesforce processes your Personal Data as a controller. It does not apply to Personal Data you voluntarily submit to our services as an authorised user of a Salesforce customer for which Salesforce always acts as a processor. 3. What Personal data do we collect? 3.1 Personal Data we collect directly from you The Personal Data we collect directly from you depends on how you choose to interact with us and what you choose to share. This may include identifiers such as contact information, professional or employment-related information, financial account information, commercial information, visual information such as your image, and internet activity information, among others. Below are examples of the types of data we may collect in the following situations: Personal Data Collection Scenarios Situations Categories of Personal Data If you express an interest in obtaining additional information about our services; request customer support (including accessing the Help & Training Portal); use our “Contact Us” or similar features; register to use our websites or to receive communications; sign up for an event, webinar or contest; participate in a program, training, certification or survey; use our services; download certain content; or are employed by a customer using our services where your information has been shared with us Contact information, such as your name, job title, company name, address, phone number, email address, username and password, other information you have voluntarily chosen to share or communicate to Salesforce If you make purchases via our websites or register for an event or webinar Contact information, financial and billing information, such as billing name and address, credit card number or bank account information If you attend an event Attendee badge information which may include name, title, company name, address, country, phone number and email address, image and video, such as from CCTV footage If you give your explicit consent and only for specified events, your biometric information, such as an image of your facial features for identification purposes To the extent that national or local laws require it, this may also include health status, including your temperature, COVID-19-related symptoms, exposure to COVID-19 positive individuals, vaccination status, testing results, and recent travel history If you register with us for purposes such as, joining a community that we host or participating in a program, training or certification Username, photo, video (such as during an online certification exam) or other biographical information, such as your occupation, location, social media profiles or usernames, company name, areas of expertise and interests If you interact with our websites or emails Information about your device and your usage of our websites or emails (such as Internet Protocol (IP) addresses or other identifiers), which may qualify as Personal Data (please see Section 4 below) using cookies, web beacons, or similar technologies If you use and interact with our services Information about your device and your usage of our services through log files and other technologies, some of which may qualify as Personal Data (including Usage Data) (please see Section 4 below) If you communicate with us via a phone call Information such as your name, voice, telephone number and any other Personal Data voluntarily shared If you visit our offices or other premises Name, email address, phone number, company name, time and date of arrival, image or video, such as from CCTV footage To the extent that national or local laws require it, this may also include health status, including your temperature, COVID-19-related symptoms, exposure to COVID-19 positive individuals, vaccination status, testing results, and recent travel history If you voluntarily submit certain information to us, such as filling out a survey, responding to a questionnaire or participating in other forms of research Information you have provided as part of that request, which may include Personal Data and special categories of Personal Data, to the extent you voluntarily choose to provide it If you are a supplier or service provider to Salesforce (or work for a supplier or service provider) Contact information, payment and billing information If you provide us, our service providers or our affiliates with any Personal Data relating to other individuals, you: • represent that you have the authority to do so, • where required, have obtained their necessary consent(s) to share their Personal Data with us for processing, and • acknowledge and accept that it may be used in accordance with this Privacy Statement. If you believe that your Personal Data has been provided to us improperly, or want to exercise your rights relating to your Personal Data, please contact us by using the information in Section 13 below. 3.2 Personal Data we collect from other sources We also collect information about you from other sources including partners from whom we collect or purchase Personal Data, or who provide us with publicly available information which may contain Personal Data. We may combine this information with Personal Data provided by you. Provision of our services: • The Personal Data we collect to provide our services may include information you have made publicly available online (such as when using social media sites) or that is published by third parties and contains information about you (such as news articles). For a select number of services, we collect this Personal Data from partners who may receive this data when you visit or use their services or through the third parties they work with. • In addition, the Personal Data we collect to provide our services may include location information from third parties, which helps us offer features like identity management and multi-factor authentication for security purposes. Advertising: The Personal Data we collect from other sources for the purposes of tailored advertising includes personal identifiers professional or employment-related information, education information, commercial information, internet activity information, and inferences about preferences and behaviors. We collect this from third party providers of business contact information, including mailing addresses, job titles, email addresses, phone numbers, user behavior data, IP addresses, social media profiles, LinkedIn URLs and custom profiles for purposes of tailored advertising, delivering relevant email content, event promotion and profiling, marketing campaign eligibility, and verifying contact information. This helps us update, expand, and analyze our records, identify new customers, and create more tailored and relevant advertising to provide services that may be of interest to you. Additional sources: In addition, we also collect Personal Data from the following sources: • Another individual at your organization who may provide us with your personal information, which may include Personal Data and special categories of Personal Data, to the extent you consent to providing it and sharing it; • Platforms such as GitHub to manage code check-ins and pull requests. If you participate in an open source or community development project, we may associate your code repository username with your community account so we can inform you of program changes that are important to your participation or relate to additional security requirements; and • Only where necessary for security purposes, we may collect information that is publicly available online (such as accessible through search engines or public social media sites), as well as images, physical descriptions and other pertinent information necessary to address a credible security threat to our employees, events or premises. 4. What Device and Usage Data do we process? We use common information-gathering tools, such as tools for collecting data, cookies, web beacons, pixels, and similar technologies to collect information that may contain Personal Data as you navigate our websites, our services, or interact with emails we have sent to you. 4.1 Device and Usage Data As is true of most websites, we collect certain device information when individual users visit our websites. This information may include identifiers, commercial information, and internet activity information such as IP address (or proxy server information), device and application information, identification numbers and features, location, browser type, plug-ins, integrations, Internet service provider, mobile carrier, the pages and files viewed, searches, referring website, app or ad, operating system, system configuration information, advertising and language preferences, date and time stamps associated with your usage, and frequency of visits to the websites. This information is used for the purposes set out in Section 5 of this Privacy Statement below. In addition, we collect certain information as part of your use of our services (“Usage Data”). This information may include: (i) identifiers, such as user ID, organization ID, username, email address and user type; (ii) commercial information; and (iii) internet activity information such as IP address (or proxy server), mobile device number, device and application identification numbers, location, language, browser type, Internet service provider or mobile carrier, user interactions such as the pages and files viewed, website and webpage interactions including searches and other actions you take, operating system type and version, system configuration information, date and time stamps associated with your usage and details of which of our services and versions you are using. This information is used for the purposes set out in detail in Section 5 of this Privacy Statement below. We may also use aggregated Usage Data for legitimate internal business purposes, such as to identify additional customer opportunities, and to ensure that we are meeting the demands of our customers and their users. For more information regarding Tableau specifically, please see here and here . 4.2 Our use of cookies, web beacons and other tracking technologies on our website and in email communications to you. We use technologies such as web beacons, pixels, tags, and JavaScript, alone or in conjunction with cookies, to collect information about the use of our websites and how people interact with our emails. When you visit our websites, we, or an authorized third party, may place a cookie on your device that collects information, including Personal Data, about your online activities over time and across different sites. Cookies allow us to track use, infer browsing preferences, and improve and customize your browsing experience. We use both session-based and persistent cookies on our websites. Session-based cookies exist only during a single session and disappear from your device when you close your browser or turn off the device. Persistent cookies remain on your device after you close your browser or turn your device off. To change your cookie settings and preferences for one of our websites, navigate to the “Cookie Preferences” link available in any salesforce.com website footer to choose your settings. You can also control the use of cookies on your device, but choosing to disable cookies on your device may limit your ability to use some features on our websites and services. We also use web beacons and pixels on our websites and in emails. For example, we may place a pixel in a marketing email that notifies us when you click on a link in the email. We use these technologies to operate and improve our websites and marketing emails – please see more details in the “Advertising Cookies” row in the table below. For instructions on how to unsubscribe from our marketing emails, please see Section 10.4 below. The following describes how we use different categories of cookies and similar technologies, and details your options for managing the data collection settings of these technologies: Options for Managing Data Collection Settings Type of Cookies Description Managing Settings Required cookies Required cookies are necessary for basic website functionality. Some examples include: session cookies needed to transmit the website, aggregate site analytics cookies, authentication cookies, and security cookies. If you have chosen to identify yourself to us, we may place on your browser a cookie that allows us to uniquely identify you when you are logged into the websites and to process your online transactions and requests. Because required cookies are essential to operate the websites, there is no option to opt out of these cookies. Functional cookies Functional cookies enhance functions, performance, and services on the website. Some examples include: cookies used to analyze site traffic, cookies used for market research, and cookies used to display advertising that is not directed to a particular individual. Functional cookies may also be used to improve how our websites function and to help us provide you with more relevant communications, including marketing communications. These cookies collect information about how our websites are used, including which pages are viewed most often. We may use our own technology or third-party technology to track and analyze usage information to provide enhanced interactions and more relevant communications, and to track the performance of our advertisements. Salesforce may also use HTML5 local storage or Flash cookies for the above-mentioned purposes. 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https://dev.to/realnamehidden1_61/your-proxy-should-only-allow-requests-with-a-custom-header-how-do-you-do-it-in-apigee-x-58b2#comments | Your Proxy Should Only Allow Requests with a Custom Header — How Do You Do It in Apigee X? - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. 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Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse realNameHidden Posted on Jan 11 Your Proxy Should Only Allow Requests with a Custom Header — How Do You Do It in Apigee X? # security # api # tutorial # cloud Introduction Imagine you’re running a private event. You don’t let just anyone walk in — you only allow people who show a special invite card at the entrance. APIs work the same way. In modern systems, APIs are constantly exposed to unknown clients, bots, and sometimes even malicious traffic. This is where Apigee shines. It acts like a smart security guard for your APIs. In this blog, we’ll answer a very common real-world question: “My proxy should only allow requests if a custom header is present. How do I enforce this?” By the end of this post, you’ll learn: Why header-based validation is important How API proxies help enforce rules A step-by-step Apigee X implementation Best practices and common mistakes to avoid Perfect for beginners and interview preparation 👍 Core Concepts What Is an API Proxy in Apigee X? Think of an API proxy as a security checkpoint between clients and your backend service. Clients never talk directly to your backend. Instead, they go through the proxy, which can: Validate requests Enforce security rules Block unwanted traffic Log and monitor API usage Why Check for a Custom Header? A custom header is like a secret handshake. Examples: X-Client-Id X-App-Name X-Internal-Request Real-World Analogy 🏢 Imagine entering an office: Security asks for your ID card No ID → No entry Similarly: Header present → Request allowed Header missing → Request blocked 🚫 Use Cases & Benefits ✔ Restrict internal APIs ✔ Add an extra layer of API security ✔ Prevent unauthorized or accidental access ✔ Simple alternative to OAuth for basic use cases Step-by-Step Guide: Allow Requests Only When a Custom Header Is Present We’ll enforce this rule using policies in Apigee X. Step 1: Decide the Header Name Example header: X-Request-Source Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Your rule: Requests must contain X-Request-Source , otherwise reject them. Step 2: Create a RaiseFault Policy This policy will block requests if the header is missing. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <RaiseFault name= "RF-Missing-Custom-Header" > <FaultResponse> <Set> <StatusCode> 400 </StatusCode> <ReasonPhrase> Bad Request </ReasonPhrase> <Payload contentType= "application/json" > { "error": "Missing required header: X-Request-Source" } </Payload> </Set> </FaultResponse> <IgnoreUnresolvedVariables> true </IgnoreUnresolvedVariables> </RaiseFault> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 💡 This defines what response the client sees when the rule fails. Step 3: Attach the Policy with a Condition Attach this policy in the PreFlow → Request section of your proxy. <Flow name= "Validate-Custom-Header" > <Condition> request.header.X-Request-Source = null </Condition> <Request> <Step> <Name> RF-Missing-Custom-Header </Name> </Step> </Request> </Flow> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 📌 What this condition means: If X-Request-Source does not exist Trigger the RaiseFault policy Stop request processing immediately Step 4: Test Your API ❌ Request without header curl https://api.example.com/v1/data Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Response: { "error" : "Missing required header: X-Request-Source" } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode ✅ Request with header curl -H "X-Request-Source: mobile-app" https://api.example.com/v1/data Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Response: { "status" : "success" } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 🎉 Your API is now protected! Best Practices ✅ 1. Validate Early Always validate headers in PreFlow so invalid requests are rejected fast. ✅ 2. Use Meaningful Error Messages Clear error messages help consumers fix issues quickly. ✅ 3. Combine with Other Security Header checks work best alongside: OAuth API Keys Spike Arrest ✅ 4. Log Missing Headers Use logging policies to monitor how often requests fail validation. Common Mistakes to Avoid ❌ 🚫 Checking headers in the response flow 🚫 Using case-sensitive header names incorrectly 🚫 Forgetting to handle null values 🚫 Relying only on headers for sensitive APIs Conclusion Custom header validation is one of the simplest and most effective security techniques in API Proxies in Apigee X . Key Takeaways: API proxies act as gatekeepers Custom headers add lightweight security RaiseFault + Conditions = clean enforcement Easy to implement, powerful in practice Start small, test often, and gradually layer more security as your APIs grow. Call to Action 🚀 💬 Have you used custom headers in Apigee X before? Drop your questions or experiences in the comments! 📌 Follow for more Apigee X , API security , and API traffic management tips. 🔔 Subscribe to stay updated with real-world API patterns and interview-ready scenarios. Authoritative Links: https://cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/api-platform/fundamentals/what-apigee https://cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/api-platform/reference/policies/raise-fault-policy https://cloud.google.com/apigee/docs/api-platform/reference/conditions-reference Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse realNameHidden Follow Actively Looking For Work Youtube Channel Link : https://www.youtube.com/@realNameHiddenn Blog : https://idiotprogrammern.blogspot.com/ Location India Work Looking For Work email : realnamehiddenyt@gmail.com Joined Oct 23, 2021 More from realNameHidden How to Use JWT Authentication in Spring Boot (Java 21) — An End-to-End Beginner Guide # java # security # springboot # tutorial The Beginner’s Guide to Cryptogram and ECI in Card Payments # beginners # cybersecurity # tutorial How AI + GCP Work Together to Build Scalable, Real-World Intelligent Applications # gcp # cloud # cloudnative 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://forem.com/t/spanish#main-content | Spanish - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Spanish Follow Hide La etiqueta oficial para post en español. Create Post submission guidelines Sé una persona amable y respetuosa. Intenta usar un español lo más neutro posible, evitando usar localismos, para que una mayor cantidad de usuarios puedan disfrutar de tus post. about #spanish Puedes agregar a tu post la etiqueta #spanish para que otras personas hispanohablantes puedan encontrarlo junto con otros post en español. Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Proyecto Weather Service (Parte 2): Construyendo el Frontend Interactivo con GitHub Pages o Netlify y JavaScript Daniel Daniel Daniel Follow for Datalaria Jan 13 Proyecto Weather Service (Parte 2): Construyendo el Frontend Interactivo con GitHub Pages o Netlify y JavaScript # frontend # javascript # spanish # tutorial Comments Add Comment 7 min read Proyecto Weather Service (Parte 1): Construyendo el Recolector de Datos con Python y GitHub Actions o Netlify Daniel Daniel Daniel Follow for Datalaria Jan 12 Proyecto Weather Service (Parte 1): Construyendo el Recolector de Datos con Python y GitHub Actions o Netlify # dataengineering # python # spanish # tutorial 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 10 min read Cuando le dices a tu LLM "No pulses ese botón" Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Follow Jan 12 Cuando le dices a tu LLM "No pulses ese botón" # spanish # ai # promptengineering # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 12 min read Carto: De una Factura a la ONU a Conquistar la Nube Geoespacial Daniel Daniel Daniel Follow for Datalaria Jan 11 Carto: De una Factura a la ONU a Conquistar la Nube Geoespacial # startup # cloud # datascience # spanish Comments 1 comment 5 min read Qué es CAI-EXPERT-LAB — y qué no es Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 11 Qué es CAI-EXPERT-LAB — y qué no es # ai # architecture # cybersecurity # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read Programando con IA: Creando mi Propia App mágica de Flashcards para Estudiar Daniel Daniel Daniel Follow for Datalaria Jan 10 Programando con IA: Creando mi Propia App mágica de Flashcards para Estudiar # showdev # ai # programming # spanish Comments Add Comment 5 min read Cómo el código mata al misterio matemático en los Transformers Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Follow Jan 9 Cómo el código mata al misterio matemático en los Transformers # spanish # ai # deeplearning # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 7 min read # 🎨 Aprendiendo colores en CSS: buenas prácticas para proyectos reales Claudio Ortiz Claudio Ortiz Claudio Ortiz Follow Jan 9 # 🎨 Aprendiendo colores en CSS: buenas prácticas para proyectos reales # css # learning # spanish # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read Las 5 Estructuras de Datos que Dominarán tu Próxima Entrevista Técnica Grego Grego Grego Follow Jan 8 Las 5 Estructuras de Datos que Dominarán tu Próxima Entrevista Técnica # datastructures # interview # beginners # spanish Comments Add Comment 5 min read La gobernanza no se “alinea”: se diseña Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 9 La gobernanza no se “alinea”: se diseña # ai # architecture # design # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read Valkey vs Redis – Explicación simple y practica Afu Tse (Chainiz) Afu Tse (Chainiz) Afu Tse (Chainiz) Follow Jan 8 Valkey vs Redis – Explicación simple y practica # redis # valkey # spanish 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Framework de Gobernanza para IA Responsable Nathalie Chicaiza Nathalie Chicaiza Nathalie Chicaiza Follow Jan 8 Framework de Gobernanza para IA Responsable # ai # architecture # aws # spanish Comments Add Comment 2 min read Creando mi 'Navaja Suiza' Digital: Un Conversor de Unidades a Medida con la IA Daniel Daniel Daniel Follow for Datalaria Jan 8 Creando mi 'Navaja Suiza' Digital: Un Conversor de Unidades a Medida con la IA # showdev # ai # spanish # tooling Comments Add Comment 7 min read La función analítica no es autoridad: un límite crítico en sistemas con IA Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 8 La función analítica no es autoridad: un límite crítico en sistemas con IA # discuss # ai # architecture # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read Ejecuta tus servicios de Kubernetes desde tu local con Telepresence Afu Tse (Chainiz) Afu Tse (Chainiz) Afu Tse (Chainiz) Follow Jan 7 Ejecuta tus servicios de Kubernetes desde tu local con Telepresence # kubernetes # docker # spanish Comments Add Comment 2 min read Desmontando RAG, del protocolo rígido a la abstracción flexible Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Follow Jan 7 Desmontando RAG, del protocolo rígido a la abstracción flexible # spanish # ai # rag # architecture Comments Add Comment 10 min read 🫀 Re-start: Cuando el cerebro dice "basta" para poder seguir Laura Montironi Laura Montironi Laura Montironi Follow Jan 7 🫀 Re-start: Cuando el cerebro dice "basta" para poder seguir # devjournal # learning # mentalhealth # spanish Comments Add Comment 2 min read Cuando la gobernanza depende del sistema, deja de ser gobernanza Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 7 Cuando la gobernanza depende del sistema, deja de ser gobernanza # ai # architecture # security # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read Agentes de IA: Dominando 3 Patrones Esenciales (Reflexive). Parte 3 de 3 Gabriel Melendez Gabriel Melendez Gabriel Melendez Follow Jan 4 Agentes de IA: Dominando 3 Patrones Esenciales (Reflexive). Parte 3 de 3 # spanish # ai # programming # español Comments Add Comment 5 min read Agentes de IA: Dominando 3 Patrones Esenciales (ReAct). Parte 2 de 3 Gabriel Melendez Gabriel Melendez Gabriel Melendez Follow Jan 4 Agentes de IA: Dominando 3 Patrones Esenciales (ReAct). Parte 2 de 3 # spanish # ai # programming # español Comments Add Comment 6 min read Cuando las decisiones de la IA se alejan de la responsabilidad humana, la gobernanza falla Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 4 Cuando las decisiones de la IA se alejan de la responsabilidad humana, la gobernanza falla # ai # leadership # security # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read Iterando lo recursivo Baltasar García Perez-Schofield Baltasar García Perez-Schofield Baltasar García Perez-Schofield Follow Jan 8 Iterando lo recursivo # spanish # recursive # iterative # java 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Ejecuta Qwen3 + Ollama + Open WebUI en Docker: Tu propio AI Chat local 🧠 Afu Tse (Chainiz) Afu Tse (Chainiz) Afu Tse (Chainiz) Follow Jan 2 Ejecuta Qwen3 + Ollama + Open WebUI en Docker: Tu propio AI Chat local 🧠 # qwen # llm # docker # spanish Comments Add Comment 2 min read La gobernanza de la inteligencia artificial suele abordarse como si fuera un framework estático Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 3 La gobernanza de la inteligencia artificial suele abordarse como si fuera un framework estático # discuss # ai # management # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read REFRAG y la dependencia crítica a los pesos del modelo Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Follow Jan 2 REFRAG y la dependencia crítica a los pesos del modelo # spanish # ai # llm # architecture Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... trending guides/resources Migrando Angular 20 a 21: Guía. Advent.js 2025🎅🏼| Reto #1: Filtrar los regalos defectuosos 🚀 Integrando API Gateway con ALB Privado: La Nueva Forma Más Simple y Escalable Advent.js 2025🎅🏼| Reto #2: Fabrica los juguetes Valkey vs Redis – Explicación simple y practica Domina el uso de paquetes NuGet en .NET El sustituto de JSON Programando con IA: Creando mi Propia App mágica de Flashcards para Estudiar Modelos de ML: Por Qué Tu Predicción Es Buena... Hasta Que No Lo Es El "Efecto Palanca" en Machine Learning: ¿Por Qué Tus Datos Deberían Empezar con un K-Means? Código humano Sistema de Control de Jobs en Tiempo Real con Channels y Background Services en .NET Creación de agentes AI con PydanticAI – Introducción TF_IN_AUTOMATION le dice a Terraform: No hay humanos aquí ¡Microsoft libera el código de Zork! Las interioridades de Maven Agentes de IA: Dominando 3 Patrones Esenciales (ReAct). Parte 2 de 3 Cómo usar la API de Hashnode con Astro y desplegarlo en Vercel Cuando las decisiones de la IA se alejan de la responsabilidad humana, la gobernanza falla La gobernanza de la inteligencia artificial suele abordarse como si fuera un framework estático 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://atproto.com#learn-more | AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme Welcome to the Atmosphere The AT Protocol is an open, decentralized network for building social applications. Quickstart Explore SDKs Guides Quickstart Create an application and start building. Read more Self-host Learn how to set up your own personal data server. Read more Glossary Definitions for all the terminology used in AT Protocol. Read more FAQ Frequently Asked Questions about the Atmosphere. Read more Specs Repository Self-authenticating storage for public account content. Lexicon A schema definition language for ATProto. HTTP API (XRPC) Cross-system queries and procedures over HTTP. URI Scheme A URI scheme for addressing ATProto repository data. Learn more Guide Glossary of terms What's a PDS? an AppView? a DID? If you're feeling a little bowled over by new concepts, give this glossary a look. Keep reading Guide The fast intro to building on ATProto In this guide, we build a simple multi-user app that publishes your current "status" as an emoji. Keep reading Article ATProto for distributed systems engineers In this article we explore AT Proto from the perspective of distributed backend engineering. Keep reading Guide What is Lexicon, and how do I use it to make a schema? This guide will introduce you to Lexicon and get you started with building your own schemas. Keep reading Article ATProto Ethos A deep dive into the philosophical and aesthetic principles underlying the design of AT Protocol. Keep reading Web Without Walls - Talk at React Universe 2024 Talk An introduction to the AT Protocol presented by Dan Abramov at React Universe Conf 2024 Make Identity Central Again, with Bluesky's Jay Graber Interview An interview between Jay Graber and Flipboard CEO Mike McCue about making social more like the Web. Bluesky and the AT Protocol: Usable Decentralized Social Media Whitepaper A whitepaper authored by Martin Kleppman and the AT Protocol team. Looking for the Bluesky API docs? Go to docs.bsky.app for Bluesky-specific documentation. Next ATProto Ethos © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://atproto.com/articles/atproto-ethos | Atproto Ethos - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme Atproto Ethos Apr 4, 2025 This post is a blogpost version of a recent talk that Daniel Holmgren gave at AtmosphereConf (March 2025). AT Protocol (or atproto) is a protocol for creating decentralized social applications. It's not the first protocol with that aim to exist. In the history of decentralized social media protocols, atproto takes a unique approach which is still deeply influenced by technologies and movements that came before it. The phrase “atproto ethos” often comes up during our protocol design discussions. It's a fuzzy term, but we use it to refer to the philosophical and aesthetic principles that underlie the design of the network. In this post, we'll distill that ethos. First, we look at the movements in technology that have most directly influenced atproto.Then, we pull out the core innovations that atproto brought to the table. Finally, we highlight some opinionated ways of thinking that influenced the design. Atproto at the intersection of three movements The web The first and most obvious influence on atproto is the web itself. The web is an information system for publishing and accessing documents over the internet. It's permissionless to join and interact with. This guarantee is predicated on similar guarantees in the underlying internet. However, if the internet is functioning properly and you have a computer, an internet connection, and an IP address you can host a document on the web. The permissionlessness of the web requires distributed authority of content. That is, there isn't a central authority that decides what is included in the web or if some content is “legitimate” or not. Rather, each computer that publishes and hosts a document is the authority for that document. This authority is location-based , meaning you can find out what the document hosted at a given site is by talking to that site and receiving the document. This sounds a little obvious when spelled out, but it's actually a radical idea. There's no need for distributors, document certifiers or central registries of documents. While this openness is the defining governance feature of the web, the defining product feature is the hyperlink. A hyperlink is a link in a document that navigates you to another document. Notably, these hyperlinks can link across authorities without permission of the other authority. The result of this is that the web is not just a collection of unrelated documents published in isolation. Rather, documents on the web form a vast integrated network of interconnected data. The web described here, the document-based web, is commonly referred to as Web 1.0. But Web 2.0, the web that we've been living with for the last 20 years, is quite different in its shape and function. The modern web mostly takes place on a few large platforms like Facebook or Youtube where users have accounts and post content or view and interact with content from other accounts. These interactions and content often don't look like “documents” in the traditional sense. The content is all still deeply interconnected, but those connections are generally restricted to the boundaries of the platform that they are created through. This new web is significantly easier to participate in — you don't need to know how to run a server or have a static IP address in order to publish content on the web. You can simply create an account. Perhaps most importantly, the modern web is capable of supporting richer and more dynamic content and interactions: real time conversations, global views of everything happening in a network, and algorithms that direct users' attention through these vast networks of data. The evolution of the document-based web into the modern web should not be seen as a failure of the web. Rather, it's a testament to its success. The idea, ethos, and primitives that the web was built on were powerful and flexible enough to facilitate the creation of essentially a second layer to the web. However, in this evolution, we also lost something. Peer-to-peer The peer-to-peer (p2p) movement was in many ways a reaction to the emergence of the massive platforms that came to dominate the modern web. Idealistic and radical (sometimes to a fault), the p2p movement asked if we could remove backend applications from the mix entirely. Instead of sending content and interactions to some coordinating backend service, users of social media platforms would send relevant data directly from their device to another device. If two users follow one another and one of them posts, the other would receive the post through a direct connection with the former's device. Of course, this requires that both parties are online at the same time for any data transfer to happen. P2p systems sought to get around this by allowing data to be replicated across many devices. Therefore a user may receive a post from the posting user or they could receive it from another friend that's currently online and in possession of the post. With this, p2p moved away from the traditional location-based authority model of the web and towards “self-certifying data”. Data could come from a device that didn't originally create that data, and even if the content is coming from the canonical device, that device probably doesn't have a static IP associated with the account. Therefore p2p protocols moved the authority of data from the location of the data to the data itself. P2p data is often addressed by the hash of the data and signed by a private key that the posting user holds. With this, content can be arbitrarily redistributed while maintaining full authority that it came from the user that posted it. Therefore a client can simply reach out to “the network” in the abstract to find some content with a known hash. When functioning well, content-addressed networks have this beautiful quality where the data seems to “just exist”, somewhere out there in this mesh of cooperating devices. Unlike the traditional location-addressed web where the data you receive is contingent on the service that you talk to, data in p2p systems has this essential quality to it - the data, not the location, is in primacy. Of course the abstraction doesn't always work perfectly, and this new topology brought with it a host of problems - most notably data availability and discovery. As noted earlier, if the poster of some data is not online, you need to find that data from another device in the network. Discovering which device can serve you some data is a hard problem, especially with devices routinely coming on and offline at different addresses. And it may be the case that there is not a single online device that can send you the data that you're looking for! Even if everything is functioning well, these systems have to lean in hard to eventual consistency since network partitions are much more common and there is no service in the network that can purport to have a “global view” of all data. The other major issue with these systems is that the rich social media sites that users had become accustomed to in the modern web rely on large compute and storage intensive indices. Getting servers out of the mix meant that all of that resource usage moved onto users' devices. Timeline generation, thread construction, aggregating interaction counts, social graph queries, and more all had to be done on relatively underpowered end user devices. The end result is that products built on these p2p protocols often feel spotty - posts and interactions are missing, global algorithms are impossible to create, and running these applications takes a noticeable hit on the battery life and resource usage of the devices they run on. In short, it doesn't seem tractable to replicate the seamless dynamic feel of the massive platforms of the modern web. Data-intensive distributed systems While peer-to-peer technology was being explored, the platforms that make up the modern web continued to grow in size. As the barriers to participating in the web lowered, millions and eventually billions of people started participating in and generating content on the web. The content on these platforms isn't just documents that can be served statically. Rather these platforms process billions of interactions every day. These interactions in turn are composed into rich and dynamic views to serve to users: profile pages, news feeds, threads, like counts, and more. Simply processing the data is not enough, as these platforms are very read heavy. For every piece of content that is created, platforms may have to serve hundreds or thousands of requests to other users. As these platforms became more encompassing, user expectations increased as well in regards to their availability and latency. Downtime and degradation of services became less tolerated and could cost companies millions of dollars. All of these factors required new tools and architectures for building services. An overview of these techniques is maybe best captured in Martin Kleppman's book “Designing Data Intensive Applications”. While no two platforms are built exactly the same and there are many competing tools and methodologies, we can still sum up the general trends. Because these platforms are so read heavy, generally they split apart read and write load so they can scale separately. A simple version of this is to introduce read replicas of a database. While there is still a single “leader” database, many replicas can help serve the outsized read load. However, the sheer volume of data and the compute required to support these platforms cannot be handled by a single machine. Therefore even within a given platform's deployment, work must be split up across many machines. A common pattern is to peel off pieces of the application into smaller “micro-services” that can call into one another and then compose these micro-services into the larger platform. By isolating the concerns of each subsystem, teams can scale each according to its particular needs. For example, feed generation looks very different from video transcoding, and these workloads can benefit from being hosted on machines tailored to their workload. The introduction of distributed systems also introduces distributed problems. Decomposed micro-services give up on the idea of maintaining a strongly consistent view of all the data on the platform. In some cases this means the use of eventually consistent databases tailored to high throughput, such as Scylla (which we use at Bluesky). Databases like Scylla give up the ACID guarantees and support for rich dynamic queries that more traditional SQL databases offer. Rather they require the indices and access patterns of the data to be known ahead of time. The introduction of new database technologies and the general trend of micro-services brought even more problems. Micro-services often need access to the same data. If a micro-service goes down for a period of time, it needs a mechanism to catch up with everything that happened. And applications need a way to create new indices even over past data. An approach of stream processing helped to answer many of these issues. In a stream processing architecture - most prominently exemplified by Kafka - you maintain an event log of all events that flow through a system. Many consumers tap into this event log. If a consumer goes offline, when it comes back it can pick back up where it left off. And if a new index needs to be created, the entire event log can simply be replayed. These stream processing tools serve as a “backbone” of canonical data that enable the platform to coalesce around a single source of truth. Synthesis Atproto is situated as the synthesis of these three movements. From the web: an open, permissionless, and universal network of interconnected content. From peer-to-peer: location-independent data, self-certifying data, and skepticism of centralized control of any aspect of the user’s experience. From data-intensive distributed systems: a splitting of read and write load, application-aware secondary indices to facilitate high-throughput and low latency, streaming canonical data, and the decomposition of monoliths into microservices. Innovations From this basis, atproto adds two core innovations: identity-based authority and the separation of data hosting from the rich applications built on top of it. Identity-based authority The data model of atproto is very similar to that of p2p networks. The major difference is that rather than being simply content-addressed, a layer of indirection is added to make the data identity-addressed. Therefore an at-uri looks like at://username/record-type/record-key . This identity-addressing of data is an inversion of the web-based model of location-addressed data. In the traditional web, the location (or the server) is the primary object; in atproto, the user is the primary object. Identities are long-lived and untethered from any location where they may currently be housed. The primacy that data has in p2p networks is moved up the stack to identity. Identities exist independent of any given host or application and can move between them fluidly. Data in the network then flows from these identities with a well-defined mechanism of how to resolve the identity to some set of data and receive real time updates as new content is created. Identities themselves resolve to key material that can verify the authenticity of that identity's data as well as a particular host that consumers can reach out to to get the canonical current state of the identity's data. These canonical hosts of user data are known as Personal Data Servers (PDSs). While there is a canonical host for every identity, the data that comes out of that host is self-certifying and self-describing. This means that it can be arbitrarily rebroadcast out into the network. Consumers of user data do not ever need to reach out to the canonical host of the data. Instead, they can rely on external services that crawl the canonical data hosts and output a stream of updates for some well-defined set of the network. The data that an identity outputs takes the form of a repository of “records”. Each record is a piece of structured data - a post, a like, a follow, a profile, etc. In the web, the primary object is the document and documents are linked together through hyperlinks. In atproto, the primary object is the record, and records are linked together through at-uri references. Generic hosting, Centralized product development The data model (the repository) that PDSs adhere to is generic. The PDS as a whole actually has a very simple job: host the users data and manage their account/identity. This simplicity is intentional and important to keeping the data layer resilient and locked open. If a PDS becomes overloaded with application-specific logic or expensive indexing behavior, it runs the risk of warping incentives towards vendor lock-in and centralization. The other side of moving application-specific details out of the PDS is that it also gives applications the liberty to experiment and rapidly iterate on application semantics. Product development can occur in a centralized way. This centralization is critical to the ability to build new products in the network. We took a mentality of “no steps backwards” when it came to product development. Projects should be able to use modern tooling and product/application development patterns. Products benefit from the ability to rapidly iterate which requires clear ownership of application domains. This ownership is reflected in the schema language for the atproto network where the notion of ownership is baked into the IDs of schemas. The owner of those schemas is free to iterate and evolve the data model for the application. Similarly, application owners are free to build their backends in whichever way they see fit. There is a boundary to the “weirdness” of the atproto network. Once identities and data cross that threshold, it is the application's decision how to index it and present it to the user. Even though product development is centralized, the underlying data and identity remain open and universally accessible as a result of building on atproto. Put another way, ownership is clear for the evolution of a given application, but since the data is open, it can be reused, remixed, or extended by anyone else in the network. Opinionated takes Structure gives freedom Atproto is a multi-party, low-coordination network. Services can join permissionlessly and operate under their own policies. While coordination pains are to some degree inevitable, atproto tries to head off the worst of it by being a very structured protocol. You'll see this reflected in many design decisions in the protocol: records encoded as canonical cbor, multiformats everywhere, a unicit (deterministic insertion-order-independent construction) data structure in the repository, a constrained set of allowed dids/hash functions, even things like requiring DPoP in OAuth. While there's something empowering about the idea of being able to do anything , it's also easy for this to fall into the tyranny of structurelessness - a collapse in coordination that prevents anything from actually getting done. Without structure in the network, energy that could go into novel development gets redirected into facilitating interoperation, fixing edgecases between implementations, building up defenses to bad actors or security issues from other parties, and trying to coordinate evolution without a clear leader. This structure is probably best exemplified by the schema language of atproto: Lexicon. Unlike other approaches to interoperation which attempt to create a generalized way of expressing properties on data (RDF) or to translate data between different domains to facilitate interoperation (lenses), Lexicon provides a way to determine if two things are speaking the same language, and to give a very structured mechanism for ensuring that the data is formatted properly. With this, atproto avoids the gray area of “we're sort of talking about the same thing but not really” and forces applications into the discrete choice that if you're talking about the same thing then you're talking about the exact same thing. Instead of trying to posit universality of semantics, atproto facilitates specific semantics and then allows for collaboration and extension of those semantics. Lazy trust The web requires a fair bit of trust with the services you interact with. While the transport layer is secured, the data that you receive from a given server is attested to solely by the fact that you received it from that server. If you load a post from a friend on Facebook for instance, you have to trust Facebook that they're serving you the correct post text. Similarly you have to trust Facebook to be a good custodian of your account and your data. P2p networks took a different approach that was radically trust-less. You have to trust your client device of course, but that's it. Because the software runs on your client and the trust is imbued into the data, no trust in any other service or actor in the network is required. Atproto takes a middle approach that we sometimes refer to as “lazy trust”. Like p2p networks, trust is imbued into the data. However most often when browsing the network, users are seeing computed views not the canonical data. When viewing a timeline for instance, clients are likely not checking the signatures on every post that comes down. This is mitigated by the fact that the canonical data is always at hand. Therefore the service that offers these computed views is staking its reputation on every view that it serves. If a service starts serving invalid views, this can be verifiably proven. And since the data is locked open, users can migrate to another service that is better behaved. As well, unlike p2p networks, users maintain a relationship with a persistent backend (the PDS) that hosts their data and information about their identity. Most notably (while not a hard requirement in atproto), we made the decision to move signing keys up to the backend. This prevents the complex key management UX issues that come with client-side keys. However, there is an obvious loss in user-control by doing so. This is mitigated once again by lazy trust. Trust is moved a layer up into the identity system such that a user can hold a recovery key for their identity that allows them to migrate away from a bad PDS. Operating in a trusted manner is by nature more efficient than operating trustlessly. Generally, this speaks to a philosophy of atproto which is to take advantage of the performance and UX gains that come with operating in a high-trust manner. However, when doing so always maintain the ability for credible exit and a system of checks and balances to hedge against bad actors and shoddy service providers. Conclusion Taking all of this into account, we can see a general shape for a protocol and network emerge. AT Protocol builds on the philosophy of the web with the technology of peer-to-peer protocols and the practices of data-intensive distributed systems. We hold identity in primacy and center it in the protocol design. Canonical user data exists in a fluid and commoditized hosting network that allows rich applications to be built on it. And we approach the design of this network erring on the side of structure and hoping to take advantage of high-trust environments where possible, but always allowing for credible exit if that relationship turns sour. If this sounds exciting to you, you can dive in further by checking out the protocol specs , or getting hands on with the Statusphere example app built on the protocol. Ready to learn more? Specs, guides, and SDKs can be found here. Previous Introduction Next SDKs © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://atproto.com/guides/identity | Identity - AT Protocol Find something... K SDKs Blog GitHub English Português 日本語 한국어 API Documentation Support Home Introduction ATProto Ethos SDKs Glossary FAQ Building apps Quick start Cookbook ⧉ Distributed Systems Guides Overview Identity Data Repositories Schemas & Lexicon Lexicon Style Guide PDS Self-Hosting Going to production OAuth Introduction Permission Requests Account Migration Specs AT Protocol Data Model Lexicon Cryptography Accounts Repository Blobs Labels HTTP API (XRPC) OAuth Permissions Event Stream Sync DID Handle NSID TID Record Key URI Scheme Identity The atproto identity system has a number of requirements: ID provision. Users should be able to create global IDs which are stable across services. These IDs should never change, to ensure that links to their content are stable. Public key distribution. Distributed systems rely on cryptography to prove the authenticity of data. The identity system must publish their public keys with strong security. Key rotation. Users must be able to rotate their key material without disrupting their identity. Service discovery. Applications must be able to discover the services in use by a given user. Usability. Users should have human-readable and memorable names. Portability. Identities should be portable across services. Changing a provider should not cause a user to lose their identity, social graph, or content. Using the atproto identity system gives applications the tools for end-to-end encryption, signed user data, service sign-in, and general interoperation. Identifiers We use two interrelated forms of identifiers: handles and DIDs . Handles are DNS names while DIDs are a W3C standard with multiple implementations which provide secure & stable IDs. AT Protocol supports the DID PLC and DID Web variants. The following are all valid user identifiers: alice.host.com at://alice.host.com did:plc:bv6ggog3tya2z3vxsub7hnal Copy Copied! The relationship between them can be visualized as: ┌──────────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ │ DNS name ├──resolves to──→ │ DID │ │ (alice.host.com) │ │ (did:plc:...) │ └──────────────────┘ └─────┬─────────┘ ↑ │ │ resolves to │ │ │ ↓ │ ┌───────────────┐ └───────────references───────┤ DID Document │ │ {"id":"..."} │ └───────────────┘ Copy Copied! The DNS handle is a user-facing identifier — it should be displayed in user interfaces and promoted as a way to find users. Applications resolve handles to DIDs and then use the DID as the canonical identifier for accounts. Any DID can be rapidly resolved to a DID document which includes public keys and user services. Handles Handles are DNS names. They are resolved using DNS TXT records or an HTTP well-known endpoint, and must be confirmed by a matching entry in the DID document. Details in the Handle specification . DIDs DIDs are a W3C standard for providing stable & secure IDs. They are used as stable, canonical IDs of users. Details of how they are used in AT Protocol in the DID specification . DID Documents DID Documents are standardized JSON objects which are returned by the DID resolution process. They include the following information: The handle associated with the DID. The signing key. The URL of the user’s PDS. DID Methods The DID standard describes a framework for different "methods" of publishing and resolving DIDs to the DID Document , instead of specifying a single mechanism. A variety of existing methods have been registered , with different features and properties. We established the following criteria for use with atproto: Strong consistency. For a given DID, a resolution query should produce only one valid document at any time. (In some networks, this may be subject to probabilistic transaction finality.) High availability . Resolution queries must succeed reliably. Online API . Clients must be able to publish new DID documents through a standard API. Secure . The network must protect against attacks from its operators, a Man-in-the-Middle, and other users. Low cost . Creating and updating DID documents must be affordable to services and users. Key rotation . Users must be able to rotate keypairs without losing their identity. Decentralized governance . The network should not be governed by a single stakeholder; it must be an open network or a consortium of providers. When we started the project, none of the existing DID methods met all of these criteria. Therefore, we chose to support both the existing did-web method (which is simple), and a novel method we created called DID PLC . Handle Resolution Handles in atproto are domain names which resolve to a DID, which in turn resolves to a DID Document containing the user's signing key and hosting service. Handle resolution uses either a DNS TXT record, or an HTTPS well-known endpoint. Details can be found in the Handle specification . Example: Hosting service Consider a scenario where a hosting service is using PLC and is providing the handle for the user as a subdomain: The handle: alice.pds.com The DID: did:plc:12345 The hosting service: https://pds.com At first, all we know is alice.pds.com , so we look up the DNS TXT record _atproto.alice.pds.com . This tells us the DID: did:plc:12345 . Next we query the PLC directory for the DID, so that we can learn the hosting service's endpoint and the user's key material. await didPlc .resolve ( 'did:plc:12345' ) /* => { id: 'did:plc:12345', alsoKnownAs: `https://alice.pds.com`, verificationMethod: [...], service: [{serviceEndpoint: 'https://pds.com', ...}] }*/ Copy Copied! We can now communicate with https://pds.com to access Alice's data. Example: Self-hosted Let's consider a self-hosting scenario. If it's using did:plc , it would look something like: The handle: alice.com The DID: did:plc:12345 The hosting service: https://alice.com However, if the self-hoster is confident they will retain ownership of the domain name , they can use did:web instead of did:plc : The handle: alice.com The DID: did:web:alice.com The hosting service: https://alice.com We can resolve the handle the same way, resolving _atproto.alice.com , which returns the DID: did:web:alice.com Which we then resolve: await didWeb .resolve ( 'did:web:alice.com' ) /* => { id: 'did:web:alice.com', alsoKnownAs: `https://alice.com`, verificationMethod: [...], service: [{serviceEndpoint: 'https://alice.com', ...}] }*/ Copy Copied! Previous Overview Next Data Repositories © Copyright 2026 . All rights reserved. Follow us on Bluesky Follow us on GitHub | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://kugie.app | Kugie App - Smart Digital Solutions | Web Development & Analytics About Products Case Study Pricing About Products Case Study Pricing Contact Us Contact Us Chalkboard is now Open Source 🎉 The Smart Alternative to Expensive Development Proudly built in Indonesia, Kugie App was founded on the principle that scalable growth should be accessible to all. We stand apart from large, inflexible players by offering adaptable payment options and prioritizing your financial needs. Choose Kugie for smart, human-centered digital solutions that just work. Start Building Learn About Us Meet Our Clients Background Paths Background Paths O u r w o r k s p e a k s t h r o u g h n u m b e r s . Websites Launched + Monthly Unique Users Served k Uptime for the last 12 months % Kugie has built a range of innovative products to help you grow your business. Kugie's products are built with the latest technologies and are designed to help you grow your business faster and smarter. Chalkboard Summit Finance Kambium Chalkboard Modern Billiard Hall Management Software A modern billiard hall management software designed to help you manage your billiard hall more efficiently. It's a platform that helps you manage your billiard hall more efficiently. Manage your billiard hall Open Source Building in Public, Sharing with All We believe that sharing with others is the best currency. That's why we've made two of our flagship products completely open source, giving back to the developer community that has given us so much. Open Source Chalkboard Modern billiard hall management software, now open source. Built with Next.js, TypeScript, and modern web technologies. View on GitHub Try Live Demo Open Source Summit Finance Self-hostable invoicing and financial management for freelancers and SMEs. Built with Next.js, Drizzle ORM, and Tailwind CSS. View on GitHub Try Live Demo Star us on GitHub and join our growing community of contributors Kugie's solution has revolutionized how we understand our customers, providing deep insights that we didn't know before, which supports strategic decision-making based on data. The detailed data on loyal customers, combined with the swift and efficient service from Kugie, has opened new opportunities for our business to grow. Pricing - Simple, transparent pricing for every stage of your journey We believe transparency sets us apart in IT consulting. You'll get honest assessments, clear timelines, and upfront pricing—no hidden fees or surprises. Plus, we stand behind our value with a price-match guarantee. Find a comparable service for less? We'll match it. Digital Launch IDR 12,500,000 Get your business online in just 2 weeks with a professional website that builds credibility and captures leads. No technical knowledge required. ✓ 5-Page Professional Website ✓ Domain & Hosting Setup ✓ Mobile-First Design ✓ Contact Form Integration ✓ Basic SEO Foundation View Full Pricing Most Popular Business Engine IDR 18M - 35M Transform your website into a revenue-generating machine with e-commerce, customer management, and automated marketing tools that work 24/7. ✓ E-commerce & Payment Processing ✓ Customer Management System ✓ Booking & Appointment System ✓ Email Marketing Integration ✓ Sales Analytics Dashboard View Full Pricing Enterprise Command IDR 50M+ Achieve complete digital transformation with enterprise-grade systems, dedicated support, and strategic guidance that scales with your organization. ✓ Custom Enterprise Applications ✓ Advanced Security & Compliance ✓ Multi-System Integration Hub ✓ Business Intelligence Platform ✓ Dedicated Technical Team View Full Pricing View Detailed Pricing All plans include our unlimited consultation • Custom solutions available Addressing Your Concerns - Your Price is Very Low, Does This Mean Low Quality? At Kugie, we are often perceived as "cheap," but we want to clarify that this by no means implies a compromise on quality. This is a deliberate path we have chosen, deeply rooted in our core philosophy. Our Commitment to Value It's About Impact, Not Numbers We firmly believe that it's not just about the numbers; it's about the impact we create. Our focus is on delivering maximum value by meticulously tailoring services to fit your financial constraints, without ever compromising on quality or innovation. Accessible Technology for All We understand that every business, regardless of its size, deserves access to impactful technology that drives growth. Our budget-conscious and flexible approach is designed to make scalable technological advancement accessible to all. Your Success is Our Success While others may deliver a solution and disappear, Kugie stays by your side as both your trusted partner and genuine friend, invested in your long-term prosperity. We believe in cultivating collaborative relationships. Proven Enterprise Experience Our team brings experience from established corporations like Traveloka, Deloitte, L'Oréal, TikTok, and BCA. We fuse the agile spirit of startups with the rigorous practices learned from large enterprises. Our Mission - Empowering Scalable Growth for All Our mission is to empower businesses of all sizes with flexible, tailored digital solutions and innovative products that enable smart, efficient, and sustainable growth, making advanced technological capabilities universally available. Scale Smarter, Not Harder This motto is more than just words; it's our guiding principle. It represents our commitment to efficiency, strategic thinking, and optimized resource utilization, rather than merely expending raw effort or incurring high costs. Smart Solutions, Accessible Pricing We believe that impactful technology doesn't have to be expensive. It simply needs to be smart. Our focus is on delivering maximum value by meticulously tailoring services to fit your financial constraints, without ever compromising on quality or innovation. Our Values - The Foundation of Trust These values guide every decision we make and every solution we deliver, ensuring that our partnerships are built on a solid foundation of mutual respect and shared success. Integrity . We prioritize honesty, transparency, and accountability in all our business dealings. Client-Centricity . We deeply understand and tailor our services to meet each client's unique needs and goals, fostering true collaboration. Innovation & Excellence . We continuously seek cutting-edge technologies and maintain the highest standards to deliver superior digital solutions and products. Reliability . We provide consistent, round-the-clock support to ensure seamless digital operations and unwavering performance. Flexibility . We offer adaptable solutions and payment options, supporting businesses at every stage of their growth journey. Our Services - Building Your Digital Backbone Most businesses today rely on third-party services and databases, giving away control over their most valuable asset: their data. With Kugie, you own your database. We create it. It's yours. With full control of your database, you can unlock new possibilities along the way. Time will tell. Own Your Data. Control Your Future. While others lock you into their ecosystems, Kugie builds solutions that put you in complete control. Your database, your rules, your unlimited potential. 100% Ownership Your data stays with you, forever Unlimited Potential No restrictions on how you use your data Future-Proof Scale and evolve without limitations Web & App Development . We engineer custom websites and applications tailored to your precise business needs. Our solutions are built for scalability, responsiveness, and optimal performance across all devices. Analytics Dashboard Solutions . We transform your raw data into actionable insights through advanced analytics dashboards and robust data processing capabilities. Help you make data-driven decisions that propel strategic growth. Custom Content Management Systems . We develop intuitive, secure, and scalable CMS platforms designed for seamless digital content management, providing the flexibility and control that off-the-shelf options often lack. 24/7 Support . Our dedicated support team provides continuous, around-the-clock assistance, ensuring uninterrupted operations, optimal performance, and rapid resolution of any issues. Our Team - The Pillars of Progress Kugie's strength lies fundamentally in its exceptional leadership team, a group of seasoned professionals whose diverse experiences and proven track records instill confidence and foster trust. Setasena Randata Ramadanie Founder & Engineering Manager Pivotal in architecting Kugie's technological vision and leading engineering efforts. With experience as a Back-End Engineer at Traveloka and Full Stack Developer at BNN, combined with marketing expertise at RISTEK. Learn more about Setasena Alfina Azaria Product Manager Instrumental in managing Kugie's key products end-to-end. Background includes Management Associate at one of Indonesia's largest banks and AI & Data Consulting at Deloitte. Learn more about Alfina Callista Jinan Ayudya Head of Marketing & Digital Marketing Strategist Shapes Kugie's brand presence and drives client acquisition. Her impactful experience at L'Oréal Dermatological Beauty, managing TikTok content to gain over 100,000 new followers. Learn more about Callista Gerald Akbar Founding & Product Engineer Instrumental in technical architecture and hands-on development. Background includes Software Engineer at Indodana and IT Specialist at BCA, plus Cloud Computing Cohort at Bangkit Academy by Google. Learn more about Gerald Ready to Scale Smarter? Don't wait any longer. Share your vision with us and let's scale your business to new heights. At Kugie, we transform digital challenges into growth opportunities through smart, human-centered solutions. Book a Free 30-Minute Consultation Get Started Today Get in Touch Contact Information Email partnership@kugie.app Jakarta, Indonesia Why Choose Kugie? • Budget-conscious approach without compromising quality • Full data ownership and control • Enterprise experience with startup agility • 24/7 support and long-term partnership Find Us Discover our work and read reviews from our satisfied clients on these platforms. Company About Process Blog Pricing Contact Docs Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Connect Instagram Newsletter Subscribe to get our latest content by email. 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https://replit.com/usecases/software-engineers | Replit for Software Engineers Agent Products Agent Design Database Publish Security Integrations Mobile For Work Teams Replit for teams to build together Enterprise Replit with Enterprise-grade security & controls Use Cases Business Apps Rapid Prototyping Roles Enterprise PM Designers Operations Software Developers Small Businesses SMB owners Founders Resources Get Started Docs Community Expert Network Inspiration Customer Stories Gallery Blog News Pricing Careers Agent Contact sales Log in Sign up Products For Work Resources Pricing Careers Contact sales Log in Start building B u ild, t e st, and sh i p f a ster than ever with Replit Replit is the only platform that combines a cloud IDE, Agentic AI coding, and seamless team collaboration to help you prototype and ship apps in record time. Build in 50+ languages, work from any device, and deploy in one click — no setup required. Start now Your new engineering cycle: fast and frictionless Build and deploy without configuration overhead Begin building instantly in pre-configured environments for 50+ languages. Replit Agent generates up to 90% of your foundational code so you can focus on building features and products that matter. Create internal tools and automations instantly Build that custom integration, AI chatbot, or data pipeline you've been putting off. Replit Agent transforms complex infrastructure needs into simple projects that deliver immediate value to your organization. Develop mock APIs for frontend and mobile testing Create and control functional API endpoints in minutes, giving you the power to unblock frontend and mobile development without disrupting production systems. Let AI handle tedious code maintenance and deployment issues Replit Agent optimizes entire codebases through multi-file updates and automated refactoring — with safe rollbacks and deployment debugging capabilities. Collaborate seamlessly across any device Work together with collaborative editing and synced terminals — from desktop or mobile. Persistent workspaces eliminate version conflicts and setup mismatches. Deploy with one click, zero infrastructure management Launch applications with Replit's integrated cloud services. No complex configuration — just production-ready deployment with enterprise-grade scaling capabilities. How it works 1 Choose your development environment Instantly access Python, JavaScript, or any of 50+ languages with zero setup time 2 Let AI jumpstart your project Watch Replit Agent transform your idea into a working codebase in minutes, not days 3 Build and iterate in real-time Code, test, and debug to refine your application from any device 4 Bring your team together Invite collaborators to a synchronized workspace where everyone can create simultaneously 5 Go live with confidence Deploy with built-in monitoring and enjoy continuous availability without DevOps overhead Why developers love Replit Developers from innovative startups to large enterprise teams use Replit to ship better products faster: 50+ programming languages Making it the most versatile cloud development platform 40% reduction in environment setup time With pre-configured workspaces & Replit Agent 30% faster development cycles Through real-time collaboration and AI powered integrated tools James Chen Senior Backend Engineer at Rippling Replit eliminated our team's Python environment inconsistencies completely. Our onboarding time went from days of setup to literally opening a browser and starting. Now our entire team can collaborate regardless of their device. Sarah Connor Engineering Lead at Scale We were spending $800/month on workflow automation tools with frustrating limitations. We replaced our entire stack with custom solutions built on Replit, saving over $9,000 annually while getting exactly what we needed. Mike Hernandez Tech Lead at Retool I built and deployed our team's internal dashboard using Replit Agent in one afternoon. It handled all the React boilerplate and API setup while I focused on the analytics logic—perfect for internal tools without engineering bottlenecks." Build in minutes what used to take weeks Create production-ready applications at unprecedented speed with Replit's Agentic AI coding platform. No complex setup, no overhead, no limits — what will you build with Replit? Get started free Handy Links About us Vibe Coding 101 Help How to guides Import from GitHub Status Additional resources Brand kit Partnerships Legal Terms of service Commercial agreement Privacy Subprocessors DPA Report abuse Connect X / Twitter Tiktok Facebook Instagram Linkedin Scroll to top All rights reserved. Copyright © 2026 Replit, Inc. | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
https://open.forem.com/privacy#10-childrens-information | Privacy Policy - Open Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Open Forem Close Privacy Policy Last Updated: September 01, 2023 This Privacy Policy is designed to help you understand how DEV Community Inc. (" DEV ," " we ," or " us ") collects, use, and discloses your personal information. What's With the Defined Terms? You'll notice that some words appear in quotes in this Privacy Policy. They're called "defined terms," and we use them so that we don't have to repeat the same language again and again. They mean the same thing in every instance, to help us make sure that this Privacy Policy is consistent. We've included the defined terms throughout because we want it to be easy for you to read them in context. 1. WHAT DOES THIS PRIVACY POLICY APPLY TO? 2. PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT 3. HOW WE USE YOUR INFORMATION 4. HOW WE DISCLOSE YOUR INFORMATION 5. YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES AND RIGHTS 6. INTERNATIONAL DATA TRANSFERS 7. RETENTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION 8. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS 9. SUPPLEMENTAL NOTICE FOR NEVADA RESIDENTS 10. CHILDREN'S INFORMATION 11. OTHER PROVISIONS 12. CONTACT US 1. WHAT DOES THIS PRIVACY POLICY APPLY TO? This Privacy Policy applies to personal information processed by us, including on our websites, mobile applications, and other online or offline offerings — basically anything we do. To make this Privacy Policy easier to read, our websites, mobile applications, and other offerings are all collectively called the " Services. " Beyond this Privacy Policy, your use of the Services is subject to our DEV Community Terms and our Forem Terms. The Services include both our own community forum at https://www.dev.to (the " DEV Community ") and the open source tool we provide called " Forem ," available at https://www.forem.com which allows our customers to create and operate their own online forums. We collect personal information from two categories of people: (1) our customers, who use Forem and our hosting services to run and host their own forums (we'll call them " Forem Operators "), and (2) the people who interact with DEV-hosted forums, including forums provided by Forem Operators utilizing Forem and separately our own DEV Community (we'll call them " Users "). An Important Note for Users Since we provide hosting services for Forem Operators, technically we also process your information on their behalf. That processing is governed by the contracts that we have in place with each Forem Operator, not this Privacy Policy. In other words, when you share your data on a DEV-hosted forum operated by a Forem Operator, we at DEV are basically just the "pipes" — we process the data on behalf of the Forem Operator, but don't do anything with it ourselves beyond what we're required to do under our contract (and by law). So, if you post your information on a DEV-powered forum provided by a Forem Operator, that Forem Operator's privacy policy applies, and any questions or requests relating to your data on that service should be directed to that Forem Operator, not us. Likewise, if you use our mobile application, you may also interact with forums that use DEV's open-source tools but do all their hosting and data collection themselves. For those forums, we at DEV have no access to your data, so be sure to read the privacy policy of any third-party hosted forum before posting. 2. PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT The categories of personal information we collect depend on whether you're a User or Forem Operator, how you interact with us, our Services, and the requirements of applicable law. Breaking it down, we collect three types of information: (1) information that you provide to us directly, (2) information we obtain automatically when you use our Services, and (3) information we get about you from other sources (such as third-party services and organizations). More details are below. A. Information You Provide to Us Directly We may collect the following personal information that you provide to us. Account Creation (for Forem Operators): We'll require your name and email address to get started, as well as some details about the Forem you want to run, such as: whether you're running the Forem on your own behalf or as part of an organization, and details about the community you want to support (how big is it, what topics does it cover, where do members currently communicate, how/if the community earns money, whether the community is open, invite-only or paid, any existing social media accounts, etc.) You'll need to tell us a bit about your personal coding background, and you'll have the option to provide your DEV username as well, if you are a member of the DEV.to community. Account Creation (for Users) : We collect name and email address from users that create an account on DEV Community. For other forums created by Forem Operators using Forem, the Forem Operator determines what information is required for User account creation for their respective forums. Interactive Features (for Users) . Like any other social network, both we and other Users of our Services may collect personal information that you submit or make available through our interactive features (e.g., messaging and chat features, commenting functionalities, forums, blogs, posts, and other social media pages). While we do have private messages that are only between you and the person you're messaging (as well as us and the Forem Operator, as applicable), any information you provide using the public sharing features of the Services, such as the information you post to your public profile or the topics you follow is public, including to recruiters and prospective employers, and is not subject to any of the privacy protections we mention in this Privacy Policy except where legally required. Please exercise caution before revealing any information that may identify you in the real world to others. Purchases . If you buy stuff on our shop site https://shop.dev.to/ (as either a User or Forem Operator), or otherwise if you pay us in connection with your use of the Forem service, we may collect personal information and details associated with your purchases, including payment information. Any payments made via our Services are processed by third-party payment processors, such as Stripe, Shopify, and PayPal. We do not directly collect or store any payment card information entered through our Services, but may receive information associated with your payment card information (e.g., your billing details). Your Communications with Us (Users and Forem Operators) . We may collect personal information, such as email address, phone number, or mailing address when you request information about our Services, register for our newsletter or loyalty program, request customer or technical support, apply for a job, or otherwise communicate with us. Surveys . We may contact you to participate in surveys. If you decide to participate, you may be asked to provide certain information, which may include personal information (for example, your home address). Sweepstakes or Contests . We may collect personal information you provide for any sweepstakes or contests that we offer. In some jurisdictions, we are required to publicly share information of sweepstakes and contest winners. Conferences, Trade Shows, and Other Events . We may collect personal information from individuals when we attend conferences, trade shows, and other events. Business Development and Strategic Partnerships . We may collect personal information from individuals and third parties to assess and pursue potential business opportunities. Job Applications . We may post job openings and opportunities on our Services. If you reply to one of these postings by submitting your application, CV and/or cover letter to us, we will collect and use your information to assess your qualifications. B. Information Collected Automatically We may collect personal information automatically when you use our Services: Automatic Data Collection . We may collect certain information automatically when you use our Services, such as your Internet protocol (IP) address, user settings, MAC address, cookie identifiers, mobile carrier, mobile advertising and other unique identifiers, browser or device information, location information (including approximate location derived from IP address), and Internet service provider. We may also automatically collect information regarding your use of our Services, such as pages that you visit before, during and after using our Services, information about the links you click, the types of content you interact with, the frequency and duration of your activities, and other information about how you use our Services. In addition, we may collect information that other people provide about you when they use our Services, including information about you when they tag you in their posts. Cookies, Pixel Tags/Web Beacons, and Other Technologies . We, as well as third parties that provide content, advertising, or other functionality on our Services, may use cookies, pixel tags, local storage, and other technologies (" Technologies ") to automatically collect information through your use of our Services. Cookies . Cookies are small text files placed in device browsers that store preferences and facilitate and enhance your experience. Pixel Tags/Web Beacons . A pixel tag (also known as a web beacon) is a piece of code embedded in our Services that collects information about engagement on our Services. The use of a pixel tag allows us to record, for example, that a user has visited a particular web page or clicked on a particular advertisement. We may also include web beacons in e-mails to understand whether messages have been opened, acted on, or forwarded. Our uses of these Technologies fall into the following general categories: Operationally Necessary . This includes Technologies that allow you access to our Services, applications, and tools that are required to identify irregular website behavior, prevent fraudulent activity and improve security or that allow you to make use of our functionality. Performance-Related . We may use Technologies to assess the performance of our Services, including as part of our analytic practices to help us understand how individuals use our Services ( see Analytics below ). Functionality-Related . We may use Technologies that allow us to offer you enhanced functionality when accessing or using our Services. This may include identifying you when you sign into our Services or keeping track of your specified preferences, interests, or past items viewed. Analytics . We may use Technologies and other third-party tools to process analytics information on our Services. Some of our analytics partners include Google Analytics. For more information,please visit Google Analytics' Privacy Policy . To learn more about how to opt-out of Google Analytics' use of your information, please click here . Social Media Platforms . Our Services may contain social media buttons such as Twitter, Facebook, GitHub, Instagram, and Twitch (that might include widgets such as the "share this" button or other interactive mini programs). These features may collect your IP address, which page you are visiting on our Services, and may set a cookie to enable the feature to function properly. Your interactions with these platforms are governed by the privacy policy of the company providing it. See the "Your Privacy Choices and Rights" section below to understand your choices regarding these Technologies. C. Information Collected from Other Sources We may obtain information about you from other sources, including through third-party services and organizations. For example, if you access our Services through a third-party application, such as an app store, a third-party login service (e.g., through Twitter, Apple, or GitHub), or a social networking site, we may collect whatever information about you from that third-party application that you have made available via your privacy settings. 3. HOW WE USE YOUR INFORMATION We use your information for a variety of business purposes, including to provide our Services, for administrative purposes, and to market our products and Services, as described below. A. Provide Our Services We use your information to fulfill our contract with you and provide you with our Services, such as: Managing your information and accounts; Providing access to certain areas, functionalities, and features of our Services; Answering requests for customer or technical support; Communicating with you about your account, activities on our Services, and policy changes; Processing your financial information and other payment methods for products or Services purchased; Processing applications if you apply for a job we post on our Services; and Allowing you to register for events. B. Administrative Purposes We use your information for various administrative purposes, such as: Pursuing our legitimate interests such as direct marketing, research and development (including marketing research), network and information security, and fraud prevention; Detecting security incidents, protecting against malicious, deceptive, fraudulent or illegal activity, and prosecuting those responsible for that activity; Measuring interest and engagement in our Services, including for usage-based billing purposes; Short-term, transient use, such as contextual customization of ads; Improving, optimizing, upgrading, or enhancing our Services; Developing new products and Services; Ensuring internal quality control and safety; Authenticating and verifying individual identities, including requests to exercise your rights under this policy; Debugging to identify and repair errors with our Services; Auditing relating to interactions, transactions and other compliance activities; Enforcing our agreements and policies; and Complying with our legal obligations. C. Marketing and Advertising our Products and Services We may use your personal information to tailor and provide you with content and advertisements for our Services, such as via email. If you have any questions about our marketing practices, you may contact us at any time as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. D. Other Purposes We also use your information for other purposes as requested by you or as permitted by applicable law. Consent . We may use personal information for other purposes that are clearly disclosed to you at the time you provide personal information or with your consent. Automated Decision Making. We may engage in automated decision making, including profiling, such as to suggest topics or other Users for you to follow. DEV's processing of your personal information will not result in a decision based solely on automated processing that significantly affects you unless such a decision is necessary as part of a contract we have with you, we have your consent, or we are permitted by law to engage in such automated decision making. If you have questions about our automated decision making, you may contact us as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. De-identified and Aggregated Information . We may use personal information and other information about you to create de-identified and/or aggregated information, such as de-identified demographic information, information about the device from which you access our Services, or other analyses we create. For example, we may collect system-wide information to ensure availability of the platform, or measure aggregate data trends to analyze and optimize our Services. Share Content with Friends or Colleagues. Our Services may offer various tools and functionalities. For example, we may allow you to provide information about your friends through our referral services. Our referral services may allow you to forward or share certain content with a friend or colleague, such as an email inviting your friend to use our Services. Please only share with us contact information of people with whom you have a relationship (e.g., relative, friend neighbor, or co-worker). 4. HOW WE DISCLOSE YOUR INFORMATION We disclose your information to third parties for a variety of business purposes, including to provide our Services, to protect us or others, or in the event of a major business transaction such as a merger, sale, or asset transfer, as described below. A. Disclosures to Provide our Services The categories of third parties with whom we may share your information are described below. Service Providers . We may share your personal information with our third-party service providers who use that information to help us provide our Services. This includes service providers that provide us with IT support, hosting, payment processing, customer service, and related services. For example, our Shop site is run by Shopify, who handle your shipping details on our behalf. Business Partners . We may share your personal information with business partners to provide you with a product or service you have requested. We may also share your personal information to business partners with whom we jointly offer products or services. Other Users . As described above in the "Personal Information We Collect" section of this Privacy Policy, our Service allows Users to share their profiles, and any posts, chats, etc. with other Users and with the general public, including to those who do not use our Services. APIs/SDKs . We may use third-party Application Program Interfaces ("APIs") and Software Development Kits ("SDKs") as part of the functionality of our Services. For more information about our use of APIs and SDKs, please contact us as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. B . Disclosures to Protect Us or Others We may access, preserve, and disclose any information we store associated with you to external parties if we, in good faith, believe doing so is required or appropriate to: comply with law enforcement or national security requests and legal process, such as a court order or subpoena; protect your, our, or others' rights, property, or safety; enforce our policies or contracts; collect amounts owed to us; or assist with an investigation or prosecution of suspected or actual illegal activity. C. Disclosure in the Event of Merger, Sale, or Other Asset Transfers If we are involved in a merger, acquisition, financing due diligence, reorganization, bankruptcy, receivership, purchase or sale of assets, or transition of service to another provider, your information may be sold or transferred as part of such a transaction, as permitted by law and/or contract. 5. YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES AND RIGHTS Your Privacy Choices . The privacy choices you may have about your personal information are determined by applicable law and are described below. Email Communications . If you receive an unwanted email from us, you can use the unsubscribe link found at the bottom of the email to opt out of receiving future emails. Note that you will continue to receive transaction-related emails regarding products or Services you have requested. We may also send you certain non-promotional communications regarding us and our Services, and you will not be able to opt out of those communications (e.g., communications regarding our Services or updates to our Terms or this Privacy Policy). Mobile Devices . We may send you push notifications through our mobile application. You may opt out from receiving these push notifications by changing the settings on your mobile device. "Do Not Track." Do Not Track (" DNT ") is a privacy preference that users can set in certain web browsers. Please note that we do not respond to or honor DNT signals or similar mechanisms transmitted by web browsers. Cookies and Interest-Based Advertising . You may stop or restrict the placement of Technologies on your device or remove them by adjusting your preferences as your browser or device permits. However, if you adjust your preferences, our Services may not work properly. Please note that cookie-based opt-outs are not effective on mobile applications. Please note you must separately opt out in each browser and on each device. Your Privacy Rights . In accordance with applicable law, you may have the right to: Access Personal Information about you, including: (i) confirming whether we are processing your personal information; (ii) obtaining access to or a copy of your personal information; Request Correction of your personal information where it is inaccurate, incomplete or outdated. In some cases, we may provide self-service tools that enable you to update your personal information; Request Deletion, Anonymization or Blocking of your personal information when processing is based on your consent or when processing is unnecessary, excessive or noncompliant; Request Restriction of or Object to our processing of your personal information when processing is noncompliant; Withdraw Your Consent to our processing of your personal information. If you refrain from providing personal information or withdraw your consent to processing, some features of our Service may not be available; Request Data Portability and Receive an Electronic Copy of Personal Information that You Have Provided to Us; Be Informed about third parties with which your personal information has been shared; and Request the Review of Decisions Taken Exclusively Based on Automated Processing if such decisions could affect your data subject rights. If you would like to exercise any of these rights, please contact us as set forth in "Contact Us" below. We will process such requests in accordance with applicable laws. 6. INTERNATIONAL DATA TRANSFERS All information processed by us may be transferred, processed, and stored anywhere in the world, including, but not limited to, the United States or other countries, which may have data protection laws that are different from the laws where you live. We always strive to safeguard your information consistent with the requirements of applicable laws. 7. RETENTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION We store the personal information we collect as described in this Privacy Policy for as long as you use our Services or as necessary: to fulfill the purpose or purposes for which it was collected, to provide our Services, to resolve disputes, to establish legal defenses, to conduct audits, to pursue legitimate business purposes, to enforce our agreements, and to comply with applicable laws. 8. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS Refer-a-Friend and Similar Incentive Programs . As described above in the How We Use Your Personal Information section ("Share Content with Friends or Colleagues" subsection), we may offer referral programs or other incentivized data collection programs. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # asyncawait Follow Hide Create Post Older #asyncawait posts 1 2 3 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu The Async/Await Pitfalls You're Still Making in 2026: A Complete JavaScript Debugging Guide HK Lee HK Lee HK Lee Follow Jan 12 The Async/Await Pitfalls You're Still Making in 2026: A Complete JavaScript Debugging Guide # javascript # asyncawait # debugging # node Comments Add Comment 12 min read streamix: Generators + Operators - React Community Feedback = ? OLEKSII SHEPEL OLEKSII SHEPEL OLEKSII SHEPEL Follow Jan 3 streamix: Generators + Operators - React Community Feedback = ? # react # javascript # asyncawait # opensource Comments Add Comment 2 min read Async/Await – Simplifying Asynchronous JavaScript luiz tanure luiz tanure luiz tanure Follow Jul 14 '25 Async/Await – Simplifying Asynchronous JavaScript # javascript # asyncawait # tutorial Comments Add Comment 1 min read Async/Await in C# vs JavaScript: Same Hoodie, Different Superpowers PRANTA Dutta PRANTA Dutta PRANTA Dutta Follow Jun 28 '25 Async/Await in C# vs JavaScript: Same Hoodie, Different Superpowers # csharp # javascript # asyncawait # productivity 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read NodeJS Fundamentals: async/await DevOps Fundamental DevOps Fundamental DevOps Fundamental Follow for DevOps Fundamentals Jun 21 '25 NodeJS Fundamentals: async/await # runtime # programming # javascript # asyncawait Comments Add Comment 6 min read Await and Async in Angualr Shreyans Padmani Shreyans Padmani Shreyans Padmani Follow Jun 29 '25 Await and Async in Angualr # asyncawait # angular # typescript # angulardevelopment Comments Add Comment 1 min read NodeJS Fundamentals: async/await DevOps Fundamental DevOps Fundamental DevOps Fundamental Follow for DevOps Fundamentals Jun 21 '25 NodeJS Fundamentals: async/await # node # backend # javascript # asyncawait 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 6 min read The Truth About AddAsync: When to Use It in EF Core (and When Not To) ZèD ZèD ZèD Follow May 28 '25 The Truth About AddAsync: When to Use It in EF Core (and When Not To) # dotnet # efcore # valuegeneration # asyncawait 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Use SQLAlchemy with Async Support in Flask mobius-crypt mobius-crypt mobius-crypt Follow Apr 30 '25 How to Use SQLAlchemy with Async Support in Flask # flask # python # sqlalchemy # asyncawait 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Demystify asynchronous JavaScript: Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await Sandesh S Sandesh S Sandesh S Follow Mar 15 '25 Demystify asynchronous JavaScript: Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await # javascript # callbacks # promises # asyncawait Comments Add Comment 3 min read “Async vs. Sync: The Dysfunctional Love Triangle in Your Codebase” HotfixHero HotfixHero HotfixHero Follow Apr 4 '25 “Async vs. Sync: The Dysfunctional Love Triangle in Your Codebase” # devlive # wtfcode # asyncawait # softwareengineering 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Boost Your Coding Efficiency with the Ultimate Modern JavaScript Cheat Sheet! Teki Solves Teki Solves Teki Solves Follow Mar 18 '25 Boost Your Coding Efficiency with the Ultimate Modern JavaScript Cheat Sheet! # javascript # webdev # es6 # asyncawait Comments Add Comment 1 min read Mastering Asynchronous JavaScript: Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await Abhay Singh Kathayat Abhay Singh Kathayat Abhay Singh Kathayat Follow Dec 17 '24 Mastering Asynchronous JavaScript: Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await # javascript # asyncprogramming # asyncawait # codingtips Comments Add Comment 3 min read Async/Await in JavaScript: A Comprehensive Guide Keyur Chaudhari Keyur Chaudhari Keyur Chaudhari Follow Nov 23 '24 Async/Await in JavaScript: A Comprehensive Guide # webdev # javascript # asyncawait # asyncjavascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read Parallelism is not same for CPU-bound and I/O-bound Operations in .NET Core DotNet Full Stack Dev DotNet Full Stack Dev DotNet Full Stack Dev Follow Oct 20 '24 Parallelism is not same for CPU-bound and I/O-bound Operations in .NET Core # dotnet # csharp # parallelism # asyncawait 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Understanding and Using async and await in .NET Deewakar Kumar Deewakar Kumar Deewakar Kumar Follow Oct 10 '24 Understanding and Using async and await in .NET # csharp # dotnet # asyncawait Comments Add Comment 1 min read Mastering JavaScript Async Patterns: From Callbacks to Async/Await Rahul Sharma Rahul Sharma Rahul Sharma Follow Sep 13 '24 Mastering JavaScript Async Patterns: From Callbacks to Async/Await # javascript # asyncprogramming # promises # asyncawait 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read Feature Modules in iOS Tamas Dancsi Tamas Dancsi Tamas Dancsi Follow Jul 11 '24 Feature Modules in iOS # ios # swift # swiftui # asyncawait 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Mastering Async/Await: Simplifying JavaScript's Async Operations Matt Adil Matt Adil Matt Adil Follow Mar 5 '24 Mastering Async/Await: Simplifying JavaScript's Async Operations # javascript # asyncawait # webdev # errors 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Streamline JavaScript: Unleash the Power of Async/Await for Effortless Asynchronous Programming Krunal Rana Krunal Rana Krunal Rana Follow Mar 3 '24 Streamline JavaScript: Unleash the Power of Async/Await for Effortless Asynchronous Programming # javascript # webdev # asyncawait 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Understanding Async/Await and Promises in JavaScript and TypeScript Geoffrey Kim Geoffrey Kim Geoffrey Kim Follow Feb 27 '24 Understanding Async/Await and Promises in JavaScript and TypeScript # javascript # typescript # asyncawait # promises 8 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Different Types of Loops in JavaScript for Async/Await Calls Dhruv Kumar Dhruv Kumar Dhruv Kumar Follow Jan 28 '24 Different Types of Loops in JavaScript for Async/Await Calls # javascript # asyncawait # webdev 19 reactions Comments 3 comments 3 min read Rust Learning Note: Running Multiple Future Simultaneously Raine-Yang-UofT Raine-Yang-UofT Raine-Yang-UofT Follow Jan 2 '24 Rust Learning Note: Running Multiple Future Simultaneously # rust # programming # asyncawait # learning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Rust Learning Note: async/await and Stream Raine-Yang-UofT Raine-Yang-UofT Raine-Yang-UofT Follow Jan 2 '24 Rust Learning Note: async/await and Stream # rust # learning # asyncawait # stream Comments Add Comment 3 min read Navigating Asynchronous JavaScript: A Journey Through the Coffee Shop ☕🚀 Devang Tomar Devang Tomar Devang Tomar Follow Jan 1 '24 Navigating Asynchronous JavaScript: A Journey Through the Coffee Shop ☕🚀 # javascript # asynchronous # asyncawait # promises Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... trending guides/resources The Async/Await Pitfalls You're Still Making in 2026: A Complete JavaScript Debugging Guide streamix: Generators + Operators - React Community Feedback = ? 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/ar_abid_641aa302d5c68b2ae/why-your-e-commerce-filters-feel-slow-even-when-your-site-is-fast-4a57#why-fast-pages-still-have-slow-filters | Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse ar abid Posted on Jan 13 Why Your E Commerce Filters Feel Slow Even When Your Site Is Fast # webdev # frontend # ecommerce # ux Many e commerce sites load quickly. Product pages appear almost instantly. Images are optimized. Performance scores look healthy. Yet the moment users start filtering products, everything feels slow. This is one of the most common performance complaints in modern e commerce, and it is also one of the most misunderstood. Filters Are an Interaction Problem Not a Loading Problem Filtering is not a page load. It is an interaction loop. Users expect filters to feel instant because they are exploratory actions. When filters lag, users lose momentum and patience. Even a short delay after clicking a filter checkbox can feel broken. What Users Expect From Filters From a user point of view filtering should behave like this. Click a filter See results change immediately Continue browsing Users do not expect a full reload. They do not expect spinners. They do not expect hesitation. When filters feel slow, users often stop using them entirely or leave the site. What Actually Happens When Filters Are Applied Behind the scenes filtering often triggers heavy work. Query parameters change API requests are sent Large result sets are processed State updates trigger re renders Analytics events fire Many systems treat filtering as a mini page load instead of a lightweight interaction. This creates unnecessary delays. Why Fast Pages Still Have Slow Filters A site can load fast and still have slow filters because filters stress different parts of the stack. They stress JavaScript execution They stress rendering performance They stress network latency They stress state management None of this is reflected clearly in traditional page speed metrics. The Hidden Cost of Over Fetching Many filtering systems request full product lists every time a filter changes. This means: Large payloads Repeated network requests Unnecessary parsing work The UI waits while data it does not fully need is processed. Rendering Is Often the Real Bottleneck Even when API responses are fast, rendering filtered results can be slow. Large product grids Complex card components Images reflowing layouts Every filter change can trigger dozens or hundreds of component updates. This makes the interface feel sluggish even on fast connections. Why Debouncing Alone Does Not Fix It Debouncing filter requests helps reduce network traffic but does not solve perceived slowness. Users still experience a pause between action and feedback. Debouncing improves efficiency but not responsiveness. What High Performance Filtering Feels Like High performing e commerce filters follow one key principle. The interface responds first. Data catches up second. Users should always see immediate visual feedback that their action was registered. Immediate Feedback Matters More Than Accuracy Good filtering systems show feedback instantly. Checkbox states update immediately Active filters appear instantly Skeleton loaders or placeholders appear Even if the data update takes time, the user feels in control. Progressive Results Improve Perception Instead of waiting for all results to load, progressive rendering helps. Show partial results quickly Update the grid incrementally Avoid blank states Progress builds trust and keeps users engaged. Caching Makes Filters Feel Instant Many filter combinations repeat across users. Caching filtered results at the edge or application layer allows: Instant responses Reduced backend load Smoother interactions Smart caching turns filters into a near instant experience. A Real World Example On a production e commerce platform, shopperdot , users frequently applied multiple filters while browsing categories. Page load speed was not an issue. The problem appeared during rapid filter changes where the UI hesitated between actions. By prioritizing immediate UI feedback, caching common filter responses, and reducing unnecessary re renders, the filtering experience felt dramatically faster without changing the backend infrastructure. Why Mobile Users Feel This More Filtering issues are amplified on mobile. Slower CPUs Less memory More layout recalculations A filter delay that feels acceptable on desktop can feel frustrating on mobile. This makes filter performance a critical mobile conversion factor. Measuring Filter Performance Correctly Instead of measuring request time alone, measure: Time from filter click to UI feedback Time until first visible result update Dropped interactions during filtering These metrics reveal friction that traditional tools miss. Common Mistakes to Avoid Treating filters like full page loads Blocking UI updates until data arrives Re rendering entire grids unnecessarily Ignoring mobile performance constraints Each of these increases perceived slowness. Filters Are a Discovery Tool Not a Transaction Filtering is exploratory. Users are browsing, comparing, and narrowing options. Any friction here disrupts discovery and reduces engagement. Fast filters encourage exploration. Slow filters discourage it. Final Thoughts If users say your site feels slow, watch them use filters. Chances are the problem is not loading speed but interaction design. Fixing filters often delivers bigger UX gains than optimizing the homepage again. Because in modern e commerce, discovery speed matters as much as page speed. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse ar abid Follow Joined Dec 4, 2025 More from ar abid The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce The Buy Button Is the Slowest Part of Most E Commerce Sites # webdev # performance # frontend # ecommerce Why Your E-commerce Site Is Slow (And How Developers Can Fix It) # webperf # frontend # developers # ecommerce 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/okan_kaplan_livehtml/building-an-infinite-generative-music-engine-with-pure-html-javascript-markov-based-3a00 | Building an Infinite Generative Music Engine with Pure HTML & JavaScript (Markov-Based) - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse okan kaplan Posted on Dec 16, 2025 Building an Infinite Generative Music Engine with Pure HTML & JavaScript (Markov-Based) # javascript # music # website # coding I’ve been experimenting with generative music systems in the browser , and I wanted to share a project I recently finished. This is an infinite ambient music generator built using pure HTML & JavaScript , running entirely in the browser via the Web Audio API . No backend, no frameworks — just algorithms and sound design. 🎼 What does it do? The engine continuously generates soft ambient music using: Markov-style note transitions Dual classical guitar layers Piano & ambient background textures Bass and subtle rhythmic elements Emotion-based dynamics & tempo modulation Each session is never repeated — the music evolves endlessly. 🔊 Sound Design Highlights Algorithmic arpeggios & melodic fragments Paulstretch-style ambient layers Real-time EQ, filter & reverb control FFT spectrum visualization for live feedback Smooth transitions designed for long listening sessions Perfect for: studying coding meditation background focus 🛠️ Tech Stack HTML Vanilla JavaScript Web Audio API Tone.js Algorithmic composition logic (Markov-inspired) ▶️ Live Demo on YouTube I’m running this engine as a 24/7 live stream here: 👉 Soft Ambient Live Piano & Guitar Music Generator https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WASu4VM4kpQ 💡 Why I built this I wanted to explore how far browser-based audio can go without plugins or native apps. This project shows that modern JavaScript is powerful enough to create immersive, evolving music systems in real time. If you’re interested in: creative coding generative art audio programming experimental music tools I’d love to hear your thoughts. Thanks for listening 🎧 Top comments (1) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand Todd Pressley Todd Pressley Todd Pressley Follow Location Chs Education Charleston Southern University, Virginia Western Community college Work Technical Lead at Booz Allen Hamilton Joined Sep 16, 2019 • Dec 18 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide This post should def have more comments and hearts! Inspiring work (: Can you post a link to the Github/etc repo? 🙏 Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse okan kaplan Follow Creative developer & frontend educator. I explore the hidden capabilities of modern desktop web browsers using single-page HTML and JavaScript — from generative music systems with Web Audio & Tone.js Location Türkiye Education Independent learning & real-world projects Pronouns he/him Work Creative Developer & Frontend Educator Joined Dec 16, 2025 More from okan kaplan OKAN KAPLAN SOUND LAB – Infinite Jazz Generator | Live Coding with JavaScript # algorithms # javascript # showdev maqam music # algorithms # webdev # showdev # javascript 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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Information regarding specific policies and the process for reporting or appealing violations can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies , https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-report-violation#specific-violations , and https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/suspended-x-accounts ). If you believe that your Content has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please report this by visiting our Copyright reporting form ( https://help.x.com/forms/ipi ) or contacting our designated copyright agent at: X Corp. Attn: Copyright Agent 865 FM 1209, Building 2 Bastrop, TX 78602 Reports: https://help.x.com/forms/ipi Email: copyright@x.com Your Rights and Grant of Rights in the Content You retain your rights to any Content, including anything referenced therein, you submit, input, create, generate, post, or display on or through the Services. What’s yours is yours — you own your Content (and your incorporated audio, photos, and videos are considered part of the Content). In choosing to submit, input, create, generate, post, or display Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display, upload, download, and distribute such Content, including anything referenced therein, in any and all media or distribution methods now known or later developed, for any purpose. For clarity, these rights include, for example, curating, transforming, and translating. This license authorizes us to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. You agree that this license includes the right for us to (i) analyze text and other information you provide and to otherwise provide, promote, and improve the Services, including, for example, for use with and training of our machine learning and artificial intelligence models, whether generative or another type; and (ii) to make Content submitted to or through the Services available to other companies, organizations or individuals, including, for example, for improving the Services and the syndication, broadcast, distribution, repost, promotion or publication of such Content on other media and services, subject to our terms and conditions for such Content use. Such additional uses by us, or other companies, organizations or individuals, is made with no compensation paid to you with respect to the Content that you submit, post, transmit or otherwise make available through the Services as the use of the Services by you is hereby agreed as being sufficient compensation for the Content and grant of rights herein. We have an evolving set of rules for how ecosystem partners can interact with your Content on the Services. These rules exist to enable an open ecosystem with your rights in mind. You understand that we may modify or adapt your Content as it is distributed, syndicated, published, or broadcast by us and our partners and/or make changes to your Content in order to adapt the Content to different media. You represent and warrant that you have, or have obtained, all rights, licenses, consents, permissions, power and/or authority necessary to grant the rights granted herein for any Content that you input, submit, create, post, generate, or display on or through the Services. You agree and warrant that such Content does not contain material subject to copyright or other proprietary rights, unless you have obtained the necessary permissions or are otherwise legally entitled to post or otherwise use the material and to grant us the license described above. 4. Using the Services Please review our Rules and Policies , which are part of the User Agreement and outline conduct that is prohibited on the Services, as well as categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe in certain jurisdictions. You may use the Services only in compliance with these Terms and all applicable laws, rules and regulations. X takes enforcement actions when Content or user behavior is in violation of our Rules and Policies or in relation to sensitive media. You can review X’s enforcement options and how you can appeal our enforcement decision here . The Services evolve constantly. As such, the Services may change from time to time, at our discretion. We may stop (permanently or temporarily) providing the Services or any features within the Services to you or to users generally. We also retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time. We may also remove or refuse to distribute any Content on the Services, limit distribution or visibility of any Content on the service, suspend or terminate users, and reclaim usernames without liability to you. In consideration for our granting you access to and use of the Services, you agree that we and our third-party providers and partners may place advertising on the Services or in connection with the display of Content or information from the Services whether submitted by you or others. We also reserve the right to access, read, preserve, and disclose any information as we reasonably believe is necessary to (i) satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process or governmental request; (ii) enforce the Terms, including investigation of potential violations hereof; (iii) detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security or technical issues; (iv) respond to user support requests; or (v) protect the rights, property or safety of X, its users and the public. We do not disclose personally-identifying information to third parties except in accordance with our Privacy Policy . Certain services or features may be offered on X for which additional terms and conditions may apply in connection with your use of those services. By using or paying for any of these additional services, you agree to any additional terms applicable to those services, and those additional terms become part of our agreement with you. If any of the applicable additional terms conflict with these Terms, the additional terms will prevail while you are using those services to which they apply. If you use paid features, products, or services of the Services, you agree to the applicable Terms for Paid Services ( https://legal.x.com/purchaser-terms ). If you use developer features, products, or services of the Services, including but not limited to X for Websites ( https://developer.x.com/docs/x-for-websites ), X Cards ( https://developer.x.com/docs/x-for-websites/cards/overview/abouts-cards ), Public API ( https://developer.x.com/docs ), or Sign in with X ( https://docs.x.com/resources/fundamentals/authentication/guides/log-in-with-x ), you agree to our Developer Agreement ( https://developer.x.com/developer-terms/agreement ) and Developer Policy ( https://developer.x.com/developer-terms/policy ). If you want to reproduce, modify, create derivative works, distribute, sell, transfer, publicly display, publicly perform, transmit, or otherwise use the Services or Content on the Services, you must use the interfaces and instructions we provide, except as permitted through the Services, these Terms, or the terms provided on https://developer.x.com/developer-terms . Otherwise, all such actions are strictly prohibited. If you are a security researcher, you are required to comply with the rules of our Vulnerability Reporting Program ( https://hackerone.com/x ). The requirements set out in the preceding paragraph may not apply to those participating in our Vulnerability Reporting Program. If you use advertising features, products, or services of the Services in any way, including but not limited to self-service and managed service offerings, you agree that your use of the advertising features, products, and services as well as your advertisements are subject to the terms of our Master Services Agreement ( https://ads.x.com/terms ). Your Account You may need to create an account to use the Services. You are responsible for safeguarding your account, so use a strong password and limit its use to this account, and use two-factor authentication via an authenticator app or security key. We cannot and will not be liable for any loss or damage arising from your failure to comply with the above. You can control most communications from the Services. We may need to provide you with certain communications, such as service announcements and administrative messages. These communications are considered part of the Services and your account, and you may not be able to opt-out from receiving them. If you added your phone number to your account and you later change or deactivate that phone number, you must update your account information to help prevent us from communicating with anyone who acquires your old number. Your License to Use the Services We give you a personal, worldwide, royalty-free, non-assignable and non-exclusive license to use the software provided to you as part of the Services. This license cannot be assigned, gifted, sold, shared or transferred in any other manner to any other individual or entity without X’s express written consent. This license has the sole purpose of enabling you to use and enjoy the benefit of the Services as provided on X, in the manner permitted by these Terms. The Services are protected by copyright, trademark, and other laws of both the United States and other countries. Nothing in the Terms gives you a right to use the X name or Twitter name or any of the X or Twitter trademarks, logos, domain names, other distinctive brand features, and other proprietary rights, and you may not do so without our express written consent. All right, title, and interest in and to the Services (excluding Content provided by users) are and will remain our and our licensors' exclusive property. Any feedback, comments, or suggestions you may provide regarding X, or the Services is entirely voluntary and we will be free to use such feedback, comments or suggestions as we see fit and without any obligation to you. Misuse of the Services You also agree not to misuse the Services, for example, by interfering with them or accessing them using a method other than the interface and the instructions that we provide. You agree that you will not work around any technical limitations in the software provided to you as part of the Services, or reverse engineer, decompile or disassemble the software, except and only to the extent that applicable law expressly permits. You may not do any of the following while accessing or using the Services: (i) access, tamper with, or use non-public areas of the Services, our computer systems, or the technical delivery systems of our providers; (ii) probe, scan, or test the vulnerability of any system or network or breach or circumvent any security or authentication measures; (iii) access or search or attempt to access or search the Services by any means (automated or otherwise) other than through our currently available, published interfaces that are provided by us (and only pursuant to the applicable terms and conditions), unless you have been specifically allowed to do so in a separate agreement with us (NOTE: crawling or scraping the Services in any form, for any purpose without our prior written consent is expressly prohibited); (iv) attempt to circumvent, manipulate, or disable systems and Services, including through "jailbreaking", “prompt engineering or injection", or other methods intended to override or manipulate safety, security or other platform controls; (v) forge any TCP/IP packet header or any part of the header information in any email or posting; (vi) in any way use the Services to send altered, deceptive or false source-identifying information; (vii) engage in any conduct that violates our Platform Manipulation and Spam Policy or any other Rules and Policies , including our Misuse of Reporting Features Policy ; or (viii) interfere with, or disrupt, (or attempt to do so), the access of any user, host or network, including, without limitation, sending a virus, overloading, flooding, spamming, mail-bombing the Services, or by scripting the creation of Content in such a manner as to interfere with or create an undue burden on the Services. It is also a violation of these Terms to facilitate or assist others in violating these Terms, including by distributing products or services that enable or encourage violation of these Terms. Ending These Terms You may end your legal agreement with us at any time by deactivating your accounts and discontinuing your use of the Services. See https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/how-to-deactivate-x-account for instructions on how to deactivate your account and the Privacy Policy for more information on what happens to your information. We may suspend or terminate your account or cease providing you with all or part of the Services at any time if we reasonably believe: (i) you have violated these Terms or our Rules and Policies , (ii) you create risk or possible legal exposure for us; (iii) your account should be removed due to unlawful conduct; (iv) your account should be removed due to prolonged inactivity; or (v) our provision of the Services to you is no longer commercially viable. We will make reasonable efforts to notify you by the email address associated with your account or the next time you attempt to access your account, depending on the circumstances. To the extent permitted by law, we may also terminate your account or cease providing you with all or part of the Services for any other reason or no reason at our convenience. In all such cases, the Terms shall terminate, including, without limitation, your license to use the Services, except that the following sections shall continue to apply: 2, 3, 5, 6, and the misuse provisions of Section 4 (“Misuse of the Services”). If you believe your account was terminated in error you can file an appeal following the steps found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/forms/account-access/appeals ). For the avoidance of doubt, these Terms survive the deactivation or termination of your account. 5. Disclaimers and Limitations of Liability The Services are Available "AS-IS" Your access to and use of the Services or any Content are at your own risk. You understand and agree that the Services are provided to you on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis. The “X Entities” refers to X Corp., its parents, affiliates, related companies, officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, partners, and licensors. Without limiting the foregoing, to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, THE X ENTITIES DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. The X Entities make no warranty or representation and disclaim all responsibility and liability for: (i) the completeness, accuracy, availability, timeliness, security or reliability of the Services or any Content; (ii) any harm to your computer system, loss of data, or other harm that results from your access to or use of the Services or any Content; (iii) the deletion of, or the failure to store or to transmit, any Content and other communications maintained by the Services; and (iv) whether the Services will meet your requirements or be available on an uninterrupted, secure, or error-free basis. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained from the X Entities or through the Services, will create any warranty or representation not expressly made herein. Limitation of Liability NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER TERMS TO THE CONTRARY, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE X ENTITIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, RELIANCE OR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS OR REVENUES, WHETHER INCURRED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OR ANY LOSS OF DATA, USE, GOODWILL, OR OTHER INTANGIBLE LOSSES, RESULTING FROM (i) YOUR ACCESS TO OR USE OF OR INABILITY TO ACCESS OR USE THE SERVICES; (ii) ANY CONDUCT OR CONTENT OF ANY USER OR THIRD PARTY ON THE SERVICES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY DEFAMATORY, OFFENSIVE OR ILLEGAL CONDUCT OF OTHER USERS OR THIRD PARTIES; (iii) ANY CONTENT OBTAINED FROM THE SERVICES; OR (iv) UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS, USE OR ALTERATION OF YOUR TRANSMISSIONS OR CONTENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE X ENTITIES EXCEED THE GREATER OF ONE HUNDRED U.S. DOLLARS (U.S. $100.00) OR THE AMOUNT YOU PAID US, IF ANY, IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS FOR THE SERVICES GIVING RISE TO THE CLAIM. THE LIMITATIONS OF THIS SUBSECTION SHALL APPLY TO ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, STATUTE, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE X ENTITIES HAVE BEEN INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH DAMAGE, AND EVEN IF A REMEDY SET FORTH HEREIN IS FOUND TO HAVE FAILED OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. IN THE EVENT ANY PORTION OF THESE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY PROVISIONS IS DEEMED UNENFORCEABLE AS A MATTER OF LAW, THAT LIMITATION SHALL INSTEAD BE THE GREATEST LIMITATION PERMITTED BY LAW. BY AGREEING TO THESE TERMS OR USING THE SERVICES, YOU AGREE, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THAT THE X ENTITIES ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE TO YOU OR OTHERS FOR THE ACTIONS OR CONDUCT OF USERS AND THIRD PARTIES ON THE SERVICES, OR FOR ANY CONTENT USERS AND THIRD PARTIES SHARE ON THE SERVICES, INCLUDING OFFENSIVE, DEFAMATORY, ILLEGAL OR OTHER OBJECTIONABLE CONTENT. Liquidated Damages Protecting our users’ data and our system resources is important to us. You further agree that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, if you violate the Terms, or you induce or knowingly facilitate others to do so, in addition to all other legal remedies available to us, you will be jointly and severally liable to us for liquidated damages as follows for requesting, viewing, or accessing more than 1,000,000 posts (including reply posts, video posts, image posts, and any other posts) in any 24-hour period - $15,000 USD per 1,000,000 posts. You agree that these amounts are (i) a reasonable estimate of our damages; (ii) not a penalty; and (iii) not otherwise limiting of our ability to recover from you or others under any legal or equitable theory or claim, including but not limited to statutory damages and/or equitable relief. You further agree that repeated violations of these Terms will irreparably harm and entitle us to injunctive and/or other equitable relief, in addition to monetary damages. 6. General We may revise these Terms from time to time. The changes will not be retroactive, and the most current version of the Terms, which will always be at https://x.com/tos , will govern our relationship with you. We will try to notify you of material revisions, for example via a service notification or an email to the email associated with your account. By continuing to access or use the Services after those revisions become effective, you agree to be bound by the revised Terms. The laws of the State of Texas, excluding its choice of law provisions, will govern these Terms and any dispute that arises between you and us, notwithstanding any other agreement between you and us to the contrary. Notwithstanding any other agreement to the contrary, all disputes related to these Terms, the Services, or any patents — including without limitation disputes related to or arising from any Content (whether your or others’ Content), or your or others’ use of the Services or the complete or partial termination thereof — shall be brought and must proceed exclusively in the federal or state courts located in Tarrant County, Texas, United States, and you consent to personal jurisdiction in those forums and waive any objection as to inconvenient forum. For the avoidance of doubt, the choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall apply regardless of whether a dispute or any claims contained therein are based in contract, tort, statute, common law, or otherwise, and the choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall apply to pending and future disputes and shall apply to your dispute regardless of when the conduct relating to the dispute arose or occurred. The choice of law and forum selection provisions of this paragraph shall also extend to disputes involving our U.S. corporate affiliates, who are intended third-party beneficiaries of this paragraph. Without prejudice to the foregoing, you agree that, in its sole discretion, X may bring any claim, cause of action, or dispute we have against you in any competent court in the country in which you reside that has jurisdiction and venue over the claim. To the extent permitted by law, you also waive the right to participate as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class action, collective action or representative action proceeding against us or our corporate affiliates. If you are a federal, state, or local government entity in the United States using the Services in your official capacity and legally unable to accept the controlling law, jurisdiction or venue clauses above, then those clauses do not apply to you. For such U.S. federal government entities, these Terms and any action related thereto will be governed by the laws of the United States of America (without reference to conflict of laws) and, in the absence of federal law and to the extent permitted under federal law, the laws of the State of Texas (excluding choice of law). You and X agree that you must initiate any proceeding or action asserting a federal claim within one (1) year of the date of the occurrence of the event or facts giving rise to a dispute that is arising out of or related to these Terms or the Services. You and X agree that you must initiate any proceeding or action asserting a state law claim within two (2) years of the date of the occurrence of the event or facts giving rise to a dispute that is arising out of or related to these Terms or the Services. Otherwise, to the extent permitted by applicable law, you forever waive the right to pursue any claim or cause of action, of any kind or character, based on such events or facts, and such claims or causes of action are permanently barred. In the event that any provision of these Terms is held to be invalid or unenforceable, then that provision will be limited or eliminated to the minimum extent necessary, and the remaining provisions of these Terms will remain in full force and effect. Our failure to enforce any right or provision of these Terms will not be deemed a waiver of such right or provision. The X User Agreement is written in English but is made available in multiple languages through translations. X strives to make the translations as accurate as possible to the original English version. However, in case of any discrepancies or inconsistencies, the English language version of the X User Agreement shall take precedence. You acknowledge that English shall be the language of reference for interpreting and constructing the terms of the X User Agreement. If you have any questions about these Terms, please contact us . Effective: January 15, 2026 Archive of Previous Terms X Terms of Service If you live in the European Union, EFTA States, or the United Kingdom These Terms of Service (“Terms”) govern your relationship with us and your and other users’ access to and use of, and anything otherwise relating to, our or our corporate affiliates’ services, including our various websites, SMS, APIs, email notifications, applications, buttons, widgets, ads, commerce services, and our other covered services ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-services-and-corporate-affiliates ) that link to these Terms (collectively, the “Services”), and any information, text, links, graphics, photos, audio, videos, or other materials or arrangements of materials uploaded, downloaded or appearing on the Services (collectively referred to as “Content”). By using the Services you agree to be bound by these Terms. These Terms are an agreement between you and X Internet Unlimited Company (Co. number 503351, VAT number IE9803175Q), an Irish company, which provides X and the Services, with its registered office at One Cumberland Place, Fenian Street Dublin 2, D02 AX07 Ireland. The words “we,” “us,” and “our,” mean X Internet Unlimited Company. 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services 2. Privacy 3. Content on the Services 4. Using the Services 5. Limitations of Liability 6. General 1. Who May Use the Services You may use the Services only if you agree to form a binding contract with us and are not a person barred from receiving services under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction. In any case, you must be at least 13 years old to use the Services. If you are (i) accepting these Terms and/or using the Services, which constitutes acceptance of these Terms, or (ii) accepting these Terms in order to authorize the use of the Services on behalf of a minor (being any person under the age of majority in any given country), company, organization, government, or other legal entity, you represent and warrant that you are authorized to do so or, as the case may be, have the authority to bind such minor and/or entity to these Terms. The words “you” and “your” as used in these Terms shall refer either to the person accepting these Terms or such minor (as defined in (i)) and/or the entity referenced in (ii), as applicable. 2. Privacy Our Privacy Policy ( https://x.com/privacy ) describes how we handle the information you provide to us when you use the Services. You understand that through your use of the Services you consent to the collection and use (as set forth in the Privacy Policy) of this information, including the transfer of this information to the United States, Ireland, and/or other countries for storage, processing and use by us and our affiliates. 3. Content on the Services You are responsible for your use of the Services and for any Content, including anything referenced therein, you provide, create, post, or otherwise utilize, including any inputs, prompts, outputs, and/or information obtained or created through the Services. It is your responsibility to comply with all applicable laws, rules, policies, and regulations that are applicable to you or your Content, including on a third party’s or affiliates’ services. You should only provide, create, or generate Content that you are comfortable sharing with others. Any use or reliance on any Content or materials posted via the Services or obtained by you through the Services is at your own risk. We do not endorse, support, represent or guarantee the completeness, truthfulness, accuracy, or reliability of any Content or communications posted or otherwise obtained via the Services or endorse any alleged facts or opinions expressed via the Services. You understand that by using the Services, you may be exposed to Content that might be offensive, harmful, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate, or in some cases, postings that have been mislabeled or are otherwise deceptive. Content recommendations are made based on a combination of factors: how you engage with the Services, the topics you have indicated that you are interested in, and likes of other users with your similar interests. Adjustments can be made in your settings, and additional information can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/resources/recommender-systems ). All Content, including anything referenced therein, is the sole responsibility of the person who posted, generate, inputted, or created such Content. We may not monitor or control the Content posted, generated, inputted, or created via the Services, and we cannot take responsibility for such Content. We reserve the right to remove Content that violates the User Agreement, including for example, copyright or trademark violations or other intellectual property misappropriation, impersonation, unlawful conduct, or harassment. Certain jurisdictions, including the European Union and the United Kingdom, impose obligations on us to enforce against categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe, such as bullying and humiliating content, content that promotes or encourages feeding or eating disorders, as well as content that encourages or makes available knowledge of methods of self-harm and suicide. As a result, your Content may be subject to restrictions as required by these jurisdictions. Information regarding specific policies and the process for reporting or appealing violations can be found in our Help Center ( https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies , https://help.x.com/rules-and-policies/x-report-violation , and https://help.x.com/managing-your-account/suspended-x-accounts ). If you believe that your Content has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please report this by visiting our Copyright reporting form ( https://help.x.com/forms/ipi ) or contacting our designated copyright agent at: X Corp. Attn: Copyright Agent 865 FM 1209, Building 2 Bastrop, TX 78602 Reports: https://help.x.com/forms/ipi Email: copyright@x.com Your Rights and Grant of Rights in the Content You retain your rights to any Content, including anything referenced therein, you submit, input, create, generate, post, or display on or through the Services. What’s yours is yours — you own your Content (and your incorporated audio, photos, and videos are considered part of the Content). In choosing to submit, input, create, generate, post, or display Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display, upload, download, and distribute such Content, including anything referenced therein, in any and all media or distribution methods now known or later developed, for any purpose. For clarity, these rights include, for example, curating, transforming, and translating. This license authorizes us to make your Content available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. However, if you have chosen via our features to limit the distribution of your Content to a restricted community, we will respect that choice. You also agree that this license includes the right to analyze text and other information you provide with the view to improve the Services. You agree that this license includes the right for us to (i) provide, promote, and improve the Services, including, for example, for use with and training of our machine learning and artificial intelligence models, whether generative or another type; and (ii) to make Content submitted to or through the Services available to other companies, organizations or individuals, including, for example, for improving the Services and the syndication, broadcast, distribution, repost, promotion or publication of such Content on other media and services, subject to our terms and conditions for such Content use. Such additional uses by us, or other companies, organizations or individuals, is made with no compensation paid to you with respect to the Content that you submit, post, transmit or otherwise make available through the Services as the use of the Services by you is hereby agreed as being sufficient compensation for the Content and grant of rights herein. We have an evolving set of rules for how ecosystem partners can interact with your Content on the Services. These rules exist to enable an open ecosystem with your rights in mind. You understand that we may modify or adapt your Content as it is distributed, syndicated, published, or broadcast by us and our partners and/or make changes to your Content in order to adapt the Content to different media. You represent and warrant that you have, or have obtained, all rights, licenses, consents, permissions, power and/or authority necessary to grant the rights granted herein for any Content that you input, submit, create, post, generate, or display on or through the Services. You agree and warrant that such Content does not contain material subject to copyright or other proprietary rights, unless you have obtained the necessary permissions or are otherwise legally entitled to post or otherwise use the material and to grant us the license described above. 4. Using the Services Please review our Rules and Policies , which are part of the User Agreement and outline conduct that is prohibited on the Services, as well as categories of content deemed by law to be harmful or unsafe in certain jurisdictions. You may use the Services only in compliance with these Terms and all applicable laws, rules and regulations. X takes enforcement actions when Content or user behavior is in violation of our Rules and Policies or in relation to sensitive media. You can review X’s enforcement options and how you can appeal our enforcement decision here . The Services evolve constantly. As such, the Services may change from time to time, at our discretion. We may stop (permanently or temporarily) providing the Services or any features within the Services to you or to users generally. We also retain the right to create limits on use and storage at our sole discretion at any time. We may also remove or refuse to distribute any Content on the Services, limit distribution or visibility of any Content on the service, suspend or terminate users, and reclaim usernames if it is appropriate, including for the following reasons: (i) protecting the Services or our users; (ii) compliance with applicable laws or orders from competent authorities; (iii) breach of these Terms or our Rules and Policies or third parties' intellectual property or other rights; (iv) if you or your Content exposes us, other users or any third party to legal or regulatory risk; and/or (v) your prolonged inactivity. In consideration for our granting you access to and use of the Services, you agree that we and our third-party providers and partners may place advertising on the Services or in connection with the display of Content or information from the Services whether submitted by you or others. We also reserve the right to access, read, preserve, and disclose any information as we reasonably believe is necessary to (i) satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process or governmental request; (ii) enforce the Terms, including investigation of potential violations hereof; (iii) detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security or technical issues; (iv) respond to user support requests; or (v) protect the rights, property or safety of X, its users and the public. We do | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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https://dev.to/vinay_sharma_e6ec1235f476 | Vinay Sharma - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Vinay Sharma Coding is an art & I'm an artist Joined Joined on Dec 29, 2025 Personal website http://www.vinaykumarsharma.com/ github website Education B.Tech Pronouns Mr. Work Senior Software Engineer More info about @vinay_sharma_e6ec1235f476 Organizations Laerdal Bangalore Skills/Languages Php, Pythan, Java, JavaScript, MySQL Currently learning Federated AI, Post 5 posts published Comment 0 comments written Tag 0 tags followed KRACK Attack - When WPA2 Was Not as Safe as We Thought Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Follow Jan 10 KRACK Attack - When WPA2 Was Not as Safe as We Thought # cybersecurity # networking # privacy # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read Rowhammer Attack Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Follow Jan 7 Rowhammer Attack Comments Add Comment 1 min read Redundancy Engineering Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Follow Jan 1 Redundancy Engineering Comments Add Comment 1 min read New Certification Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Follow Dec 30 '25 New Certification 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:49:24 |
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