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https://topenddevs.com/podcasts/adventures-in-machine-learning/episodes/how-to-learn-a-new-tool-ml-117 | How to Learn a New Tool - ML 117 - Adventures in Machine Learning - Top End Devs Top End Devs Home Podcasts Screencasts Courses Blogs Summits Meetups search-modal#open" aria-label="Search"> Sign In Sign Up search-modal#close"> Search search-modal#close"> search-modal#search" data-turbo-frame="search-results" data-turbo="true" class="space-y-4" action="/search" method="get"> Content Type All Episodes Podcasts Screencasts Lessons Courses Blog Authors Meetups Use semantic search (recommended) Search Trending Now What’s New in React 19.2: Compiler, Activity, and the Future of Async React - JSJ 670 JavaScript Jabber Can You Really Trust AI-Generated Code? - JSJ 699 JavaScript Jabber Autogenetic AI Agents and the Future of Ruby Development - RUBY 682 Ruby Rogues Popular Searches search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="podcast"> Podcast search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="episode"> Episode search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="author"> Author search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="meetup"> Meetup search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="series"> Series Back to Adventures in Machine Learning RSS Feed Spotify Apple Podcasts YouTube Amazon Music How to Learn a New Tool - ML 117 Published: June 08, 2023 Download How to Learn a New Tool - ML 117 0:00 audio-player#clickProgressBar touchstart->audio-player#clickProgressBar touchmove->audio-player#clickProgressBar" data-audio-player-target="progressBar"> 0:00 audio-player#skipBackward"> audio-player#togglePlayPause" data-audio-player-target="playPauseButton"> audio-player#skipForward"> audio-player#changeVolume" type="range" min="0" max="1" step="0.01" value="1" /> Playback Speed: audio-player#changePlaybackSpeed"> 0.5x 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x 2x Created by: Ben Wilson • Michael Berk Show Notes In today's episode, we walk through Ben's experience creating the Hugging Face transformer flavor for ML flow. During this case study we highlight the structure he uses to learn new technologies and cover some practical tips along the way. Sponsors Chuck's Resume Template Developer Book Club starting Become a Top 1% Dev with a Top End Devs Membership © 2026 2022 Intentional Excellence Productions, LLC. All rights reserved. | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/ngxp/s2e23-building-a-customer-focused-mindset-with-carl-bergenhem#main-content | S2E23 - Building A Customer-Focused Mindset with Carl Bergenhem - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close Angular Experience Follow S2E23 - Building A Customer-Focused Mindset with Carl Bergenhem Jul 4 '22 play SHOW SUMMARY: In this episode of NgXP, we ask how you can build a customer-focused mindset as a software engineer. And who better to help us with this discussion than Carl Bergenhem, the Principal Product Manager for KendoUI! Carl has spent his career becoming an expert in helping individuals, teams, and entire organizations go from being ‘feature factories’ to empathetic developers of top-notch, customer-focused products. He gives great advice for how to implement these practices into your teams and shares how you’ll find greater job satisfaction than ever before. LINKS: https://twitter.com/carlbergenhem https://www.telerik.com/kendo-ui CONNECT WITH US: Carl Bergenhem @carlbergenhem Brooke Avery @JediBravery Erik Slack @erik_slack Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Forem © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://aws.amazon.com/dynamodb/?ref=apisyouwonthate.com | Fast NoSQL Key-Value Database – Amazon DynamoDB – AWS Skip to main content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account Amazon DynamoDB Overview Features Pricing Resources FAQs More Products › Databases › Amazon DynamoDB Price cut: On-demand reduced by 50% and global tables by up to 67% Amazon DynamoDB Serverless, fully managed, distributed NoSQL database with single-digit millisecond performance at any scale Get started with DynamoDB Try DynamoDB with AWS Free Tier Why DynamoDB? DynamoDB offers zero infrastructure management, zero downtime maintenance, instant scaling to any application demand, and pay-per-request billing. There are no cold starts, no version upgrades, and no maintenance windows. 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Learn more Performance at scale Deliver applications with the same single-digit millisecond performance for your end users, whether it's across tens of thousands or hundreds of millions of simultaneous users. Learn more Highest application resilience Enable apps to achieve zero RPO with global tables - multi-Region, active-active database - designed for 99.999% availability and ability to always read the latest data from any Region. Learn more Optimize costs Pay only for what you use even for workloads with variable demands - and warm throughput prevents cold starts as all resources are instantaneously available. Learn more Interoperability across AWS Do more with your data using built-in tools to perform analytics and AI/ML, and native integrations to manage granular permissions, perform monitoring and observability, and more. Learn more Scale and value of DynamoDB 1 million+ customers ½ million+ requests per second delivered for 100s of customers 200TB+ table size used by 100s of customers 25% lower cost of equivalent database environments Learn more » DynamoDB solutions by industry Financial services Media & Entertainment Advertising & Marketing Retail & Wholesale Financial services Financial services customers choose DynamoDB for resiliency, security, performance, and scalability. DynamoDB helps customers achieve industry regulatory compliances such as SOC 1/2/3, PCI, FINMA, and ISO. Discover how DynamoDB can power your use cases such as fraud detection, messaging workflows, digital user onboarding, and more. Global tables multi-Region with strong consistency enables you to build applications with zero RPO and applications can read and write to any Region. See use cases Media & Entertainment Media and Entertainment customers choose Amazon DynamoDB for scalability, performance, and resiliency. DynamoDB helps customers manage their streaming and content metadata access needs with nearly unlimited throughput. Discover how Amazon DynamoDB can power your use cases such as creating a digital human to livestream content, migrating your digital content to the cloud, and more. See use cases Advertising & Marketing Advertising & Marketing customers choose Amazon DynamoDB for security, performance, and resiliency. DynamoDB helps customers achieve data fidelity by storing various marketing data such as user profiles, user events, clicks, and visited links. Discover how Amazon DynamoDB can power your use cases such as evaluating social media posts, monetizing publishing assets more effectively, real-time bidding, ad-targeting, and attribution. See use cases Retail & Wholesale Retail & Wholesale customers choose Amazon DynamoDB for scalability, performance, resilience, and security. DynamoDB helps customers handle their high-traffic, extreme-scaled events seamlessly with nearly unlimited throughput. Discover how Amazon DynamoDB can power your use cases such as localizing content, building a well-architected customer data platform, deploying shopping carts, tracking inventory, and more. See use cases Use cases Develop software applications Build internet-scale applications supporting user-content metadata and caches that require high concurrency and connections for millions of users and millions of requests per second. Create media metadata stores Scale throughput and concurrency for media and entertainment workloads such as real-time video streaming and interactive content, and deliver lower latency with multi-Region replication across AWS Regions. Deliver seamless retail experiences Use design patterns for deploying shopping carts, workflow engines, inventory tracking, and customer profiles. DynamoDB supports high-traffic, extreme-scaled events and can handle millions of queries per second. Scale gaming platforms Focus on driving innovation with no operational overhead. Build out your game platform with player data, session history, and leaderboards for millions of concurrent users. Achieve highest level of application resilience Enable your applications to stay always available and always read the latest data from any Region, especially ideal for payment processing and financial services applications. Next steps Resources Learn with hands-on training Get started with DynamoDB Documentation Dive deep on DynamoDB Read the documentation Free tier Sign up for a free account Try for free Console Start building in the console Sign in Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? What Is Agentic AI? 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https://dev.to/ukrguru/basics-getting-started-with-wjb-3i3o | Basics (Getting Started) with WJb - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Oleksandr Viktor Posted on Dec 17, 2025 Basics (Getting Started) with WJb # ai # webdev # programming ✅ Basics (Getting Started) with WJb This guide introduces the fundamental patterns for building job-based applications using the WJb NuGet package. Each sample demonstrates a practical scenario, from the simplest job execution to scheduled tasks. ✅ Basics (Getting Started) 1stWJb – Minimal console app, first job execution. Start with the simplest example: a console application that runs a single job. Perfect for understanding the core concept of IJob and Worker . ConfigWJb – Using configuration for job settings. Learn how to pass arguments and settings to jobs via appsettings.json . This approach makes jobs flexible and environment-friendly. SqlWJb – Execute SQL commands via WJb. Run database operations without EF Core using UkrGuru.Sql. Ideal for lightweight, high-performance jobs that interact with SQL Server. 👉 View SqlWJb sample QueueWJb – Simple queue processing. Implement a queue-based job processor that polls tasks from a database table and executes them reliably. Includes locking hints and error handling. TimerWJb – Scheduled jobs using delays. Create jobs that run periodically using timers. Great for recurring tasks like health checks, cleanup, or scheduled notifications. ✅ Why WJb? Lightweight : No EF Core, no heavy frameworks. Flexible : Jobs can be triggered by config, queue, or timer. Production-ready : Logging, cancellation, and structured arguments included. 👉 Full source code : UkrGuru.WJb.Samples 📦 NuGet packages: dotnet add package WJb Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Oleksandr Viktor Follow Programming is my life! https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=BPUF3H86X96YN Location Ukraine, Kyiv Joined Jan 2, 2025 More from Oleksandr Viktor The Ultimate SQL Server Cron Expression Validator — Fast, Accurate, Battle-Tested # sqlserver # programming # webdev # ai Try UkrGuru.Sql with New Optimized `Results.Parse` # webdev # programming # sqlserver # dotnet How Grok 3 and xUnit Tests Helped Craft an Ideal `Results` Class # webdev # programming # beginners # ai 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://developer.github.com/ | GitHub Docs Skip to main content GitHub Docs Version: Free, Pro, & Team Search or ask Copilot Search or ask Copilot Select language: current language is English Search or ask Copilot Search or ask Copilot Open menu GitHub Docs Help for wherever you are on your GitHub journey. Get started Get started Migrations Account and profile Subscriptions & notifications Authentication Billing and payments Site policy Collaborative coding Codespaces Repositories Pull requests GitHub Discussions Integrations GitHub Copilot GitHub Copilot Plans Get IDE code suggestions Coding agent Tutorials GitHub Copilot Chat Cookbook Customization library CI/CD and DevOps GitHub Actions GitHub Packages GitHub Pages Security and quality Secret scanning Supply chain security Dependabot Code scanning GitHub Code Quality Client apps GitHub CLI GitHub Mobile GitHub Desktop Project management GitHub Issues Projects Search on GitHub Enterprise and teams Organizations Secure your organization Enterprise onboarding Enterprise administrators Developers Apps REST API GraphQL API Webhooks GitHub Models Community Building communities GitHub Sponsors GitHub Education GitHub for Nonprofits GitHub Support Contribute to GitHub Docs More docs CodeQL query writing Electron npm GitHub Well-Architected Getting started Set up Git At the heart of GitHub is an open-source version control system (VCS) called Git. Git is responsible for everything GitHub-related that happens locally on your computer. Connecting to GitHub with SSH You can connect to GitHub using the Secure Shell Protocol (SSH), which provides a secure channel over an unsecured network. Creating and managing repositories You can create a repository on GitHub to store and collaborate on your project's files, then manage the repository's name and location. Basic writing and formatting syntax Create sophisticated formatting for your prose and code on GitHub with simple syntax. Popular About pull requests Pull requests let you propose, review, and merge code changes. Authentication documentation Keep your account and data secure with features like two-factor authentication, SSH, and commit signature verification. Getting code suggestions in your IDE with GitHub Copilot Use GitHub Copilot to get code suggestions in your editor. Managing remote repositories Learn to work with your local repositories on your computer and remote repositories hosted on GitHub. Help and support Did you find what you needed? Yes No Privacy policy Help us make these docs great! All GitHub docs are open source. See something that's wrong or unclear? Submit a pull request. Make a contribution Learn how to contribute Still need help? Ask the GitHub community Contact support Legal © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Terms Privacy Status Pricing Expert services Blog | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/adventuresinangular/angular-structural-directives-and-their-microsyntax-aia-374#main-content | Angular Structural Directives and Their Microsyntax - AiA 374 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Adventures in Angular Follow Angular Structural Directives and Their Microsyntax - AiA 374 Mar 19 '23 play Chuck and Lucas join this week's panelist episode discussing Angular Structural Directives and Their Microsyntax. They kick us off as Lucas explains the concept of Structural directives, and how developers might use them to their advantage. On YouTube Angular Structural Directives and Their Microsyntax - AiA 374 Sponsors Chuck's Resume Template Developer Book Club starting Become a Top 1% Dev with a Top End Devs Membership Educational Links Article by Lucas Paganini Video by Lucas Paganini Promoted Links Web Animations Course: lucaspaganini.com/web-animations Hire Angular Experts: unvoid.com Socials YouTube @lucaspaganiniweb LinkedIn @lucaspaganiniweb Twitter @lucaspaganini Instagram @lucaspaganini TikTok @lucaspaganiniweb Picks Chuck - Between Two Castles of Mad King Ludwig Chuck - Lucas - Chuck as a Ruby developer Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands Privacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/ruizb/function-purity-and-referential-transparency-7h1 | Function purity and referential transparency - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Benoit Ruiz Posted on Apr 12, 2022 Function purity and referential transparency # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Demystifying Functional Programming (8 Part Series) 1 Introduction 2 What is Functional Programming? ... 4 more parts... 3 Why should we learn and use FP? 4 Function composition and higher-order function 5 Declarative vs imperative 6 Side effects 7 Function purity and referential transparency 8 Data immutability Table of contents Function purity Referential transparency How to deal with impure functions? Practical example (long chapter) Function purity A function is considered pure if it does not have any side effects . To understand what a side effect is, please refer to the previous article of this series. In other words, given some input, a function will always return the same output . External factors, such as network conditions or global state changes, have no impact on the returned value of a pure function. Let's suppose we have a greet function. The impure version performs a HTTP request to some API endpoint in order to retrieve the final greeting message. The pure version does a simple string concatenation. When the network is no longer available, the function with side effect does not work anymore, whereas the pure one still does. We want to work with as many pure functions as possible because they are predictable , thus making it easy to understand and test their behaviors. Additionally, pure functions ensure that we can only care about their returned values. We do not have to worry about how the value was calculated. Hence, we can treat pure functions as black boxes , and just use their results to reason about the program. Referential transparency Referential transparency is the ability to replace an expression with its result, without changing the meaning/behavior of the program . It is a property of expressions, which applies to pure functions, since these functions are essentially parametrized expressions . As a simple example, we can use the expression 2 + 3 . This expression is pure (i.e. no side effects), so it is referentially transparent. We can replace 2 + 3 with its result 5 without changing the behavior of the program. For example, if the program was computing the following expression: ((2 + 3) + 2) / 7 , then computing ((5) + 2) / 7 would yield the same result, 1 . The behavior of the program is preserved, although its definition has been simplified. It does not matter how many times you evaluate an expression: it will always yield the same result. For functions, we can represent this property as a mapping between the "function reference + its inputs" and "its output": We can use the referential transparency property for optimization purposes (both developers and compilers), such as using lazy evaluation, memoization, or parallelization. The opposite of referential transparency is referential opacity . This means that we cannot replace the expression or function call with its result, we have to run it. Any function that performs side effects is referentially opaque. As mentioned in the previous article, we need side effects in our programs to make them useful. This means that we cannot have only pure functions, though we want as many of these functions as possible. How to deal with impure functions? It is very easy to write impure functions. As soon as we need some external dependency, such as a global state, making a network request, or reading from a file, we can simply reference these dependencies in the middle of our functions to use them. However, in my experience, this can eventually make the code look like a plate of spaghetti, and it makes it harder to understand what the function actually does as a whole. In addition, when it comes time to test these functions, we often have to mock the dependencies before each test case. This can lead to having complex before/after hooks to set up the tests, and restore the state prior to running these tests. We cannot get rid of the side effects though, so how can we deal with this situation? We have to identify the parts of the function that are pure, and the ones that are not. Then, we can move the pure and not-so-pure parts into their own functions. Finally, we can rewrite the original function by using the pure ones directly, and by explicitly providing the (side-effectful) dependencies as an argument, using Dependency Injection (a.k.a DI). I am not going to talk about DI frameworks here. We are going to use the simplest version of DI: passing a dependency as one of the function's arguments. The final result is still an impure function, since a function that needs at least one side effect cannot be pure. But, this time the pure parts are separated and can be tested easily, while the impure parts are explicitly passed as arguments and can be easily replaced with lab values to write tests. That being said, if you have read the previous article, you have seen one way to deal with side effects: using intermediate functions (or "thunks") to make them lazy, thus making the function artificially pure. Practical example I was not sure if I should include this chapter in this article. I think it adds an interesting value at this point of the serie, though I may move this chapter in a dedicated article in the future. Let's consider the following function, whose goal is to get the definition of a term provided by a user. It does the following: Keep track of the terms searched Make sure the term is valid Get the definition of the term from a cache, if available If not, make a request to a web service, then cache the result in a file Hereafter is its definition, using the TypeScript language: import { promises as fs } from ' fs ' import fetch from ' node-fetch ' const searchedTerms = new Set < string > () export async function getTermDefinition ( term : unknown ): Promise < string > { if ( ! term || typeof term !== ' string ' ) { throw new Error ( `Invalid term: ${ term } ` ) } const lcTerm = term . toLowerCase () if ( searchedTerms . has ( lcTerm )) { return fs . readFile ( `definitions/ ${ lcTerm } .txt` , ' utf8 ' ) } const response = await fetch ( `/api/definition?term= ${ lcTerm } ` ) const { definition } = await response . json () await fs . writeFile ( `definitions/ ${ lcTerm } .txt` , definition ) searchedTerms . add ( lcTerm ) return definition } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode As you know, there are hundreds of ways to write a function with the features listed above. I intentionally wrote it this way for academic purposes, though it may not be that far from an actual production implementation. We know it is impure because it has the following side effects: It reads from a global state: searchedTerms It reads from a file to get the definition of a term: fs.readFile It calls an API endpoint using HTTP: fetch It updates the global state: searchedTerms.add It writes to a file: fs.writeFile Here are the pure parts of this function: Validate the term, making sure it is a non-empty string Technically, since we throw an error, this part is not really pure. We could have chosen to return a Either / Validation / Result data type instead. But, for the sake of simplicity, let's keep the error throw and consider this part pure. Transform the term by making it lower case We could add more transformation steps here, such as sanitizing the string to remove special characters. Testing the function To test this function using Jest, we have to rely heavily on mocking: jest . mock ( ' fs ' , () => ({ promises : { readFile : jest . fn (), writeFile : jest . fn () } })) import { promises as fs } from ' fs ' jest . mock ( ' node-fetch ' ) import fetch from ' node-fetch ' const { Response } = jest . requireActual ( ' node-fetch ' ) import { getTermDefinition } from ' ./getTermDefinition ' describe ( ' getTermDefinition ' , () => { type MockedReadFile = jest . MockedFunction < typeof fs . readFile > type MockedWriteFile = jest . MockedFunction < typeof fs . writeFile > type MockedFetch = jest . MockedFunction < typeof fetch > beforeEach (() => { ;( fs . readFile as MockedReadFile ). mockReset () ;( fs . writeFile as MockedWriteFile ). mockReset () ;( fetch as MockedFetch ). mockReset () }) test ( ' invalid term ' , async () => { await expect ( getTermDefinition ( 42 )). rejects . toEqual ( new Error ( ' Invalid term: 42 ' ) ) }) test ( ' valid term "foo", cache miss ' , async () => { ;( fetch as MockedFetch ). mockResolvedValue ( new Response ( JSON . stringify ({ definition : ' description ' })) ) expect ( await getTermDefinition ( ' foo ' )). toBe ( ' description ' ) expect ( fs . writeFile ). toHaveBeenCalledWith ( expect . any ( String ), ' description ' ) }) test ( ' valid term "foo", cache hit ' , async () => { ;( fs . readFile as MockedReadFile ). mockResolvedValue ( ' description ' ) expect ( await getTermDefinition ( ' foo ' )). toBe ( ' description ' ) expect ( fetch ). not . toHaveBeenCalled () expect ( fs . writeFile ). not . toHaveBeenCalled () }) }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The mocking parts represent approximately 40% of the lines written to test the getTermDefinition function. Given the current implementation of the module exposing the tested function, we cannot control the searchedTerms list. Here, to test the "cache hit" part, we have to: First call the function with a given term "foo" to cache the result, and update the searchedTerms list Then call the function a second time, with the exact same term "foo" to hit the cache A test case should not depend on another. We should be able to copy/paste the test(...) blocks wherever we like. To do that, we need to control the searchedTerms list. One way of doing that would be to export it from the module, then set it up in the tests: - import { getTermDefinition } from './getTermDefinition' + import { searchedTerms, getTermDefinition } from './getTermDefinition' describe('getTermDefinition', () => { beforeEach(() => { + searchedTerms.clear() }) test('valid term "foo", cache hit', async () => { + searchedTerms.add('foo') ;(fs.readFile as MockedReadFile).mockResolvedValue('description') expect(await getTermDefinition('foo')).toBe('description') expect(fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled() expect(fs.writeFile).not.toHaveBeenCalled() }) }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode There, we managed to test this function, despite its number of side effects. Though, to do that, we had to write a lot of code to mock the external dependencies, and we had to expose the searchedTerms list to control it. Furthermore, if we want to move to a different HTTP or file system library in the future, we would have to: Adapt the implementation of this function Adapt all the mocking parts of the tests Let's try to move the different pure and impure parts into dedicated functions, then use dependency injection and compose these functions together to rebuild getTermDefinition . Splitting the function Let's move the pure parts into 2 separate functions: validateTerm and transformTerm . For the other parts, we are going to use a Dependencies object passed as the second parameter of the getTermDefinition function. This object will contain the following elements: The list of searched terms: searchedTerms A function to read from a file: readFile A function to write to a file: writefile A function to fetch the definition of a term: fetchDefinition We are also going to provide default values for these dependencies, using the fs and node-fetch modules, for the live environments (i.e. development and production). Note that the searchedTerms list is not exported anymore, as we can provide one using the Dependencies object. import { promises as fs } from ' fs ' import fetch from ' node-fetch ' const searchedTerms = new Set < string > () function validateTerm ( term : unknown ): asserts term is string { if ( ! term || typeof term !== ' string ' ) { throw new Error ( `Invalid term: ${ term } ` ) } } function transformTerm ( term : string ): string { return term . toLowerCase () } async function readFile ( path : string ): Promise < string > { return fs . readFile ( path , ' utf8 ' ) } async function writeFile ( path : string , content : string ): Promise < void > { return fs . writeFile ( path , content ) } async function fetchDefinition ( term : string ): Promise < string > { const response = await fetch ( `/api/definition?term= ${ term } ` ) const { definition } = await response . json () return definition } export interface Dependencies { searchedTerms : Set < string > readFile : ( path : string ) => Promise < string > writeFile : ( path : string , content : string ) => Promise < void > fetchDefinition : ( term : string ) => Promise < string > } const defaultDependencies : Dependencies = { searchedTerms , readFile , writeFile , fetchDefinition } export async function getTermDefinition ( term : unknown , { searchedTerms , readFile , writeFile , fetchDefinition } = defaultDependencies ): Promise < string > { validateTerm ( term ) const lcTerm = transformTerm ( term ) if ( searchedTerms . has ( lcTerm )) { return readFile ( `definitions/ ${ lcTerm } .txt` ) } const definition = await fetchDefinition ( lcTerm ) await writeFile ( `definitions/ ${ lcTerm } .txt` , definition ) searchedTerms . add ( lcTerm ) return definition } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Testing the new version As we have added the Dependencies parameter to the function, we can provide values and mocks, depending on the test case. We are still using mocked functions, but this time we are not mocking entire modules anymore. Note that we did not export the pure functions from this module. Here, I made the choice to test them indirectly when testing the main function getTermDefinition . In addition, I did not add any test case for invalid terms such as 42 for simplicity, but it should be added for a real case. import { getTermDefinition , Dependencies } from ' ./getTermDefinition ' describe ( ' getTermDefinition ' , () => { const baseDependencies : Dependencies = { searchedTerms : new Set < string > (), readFile : jest . fn (), writeFile : jest . fn (), fetchDefinition : jest . fn () } test ( ' invalid term ' , async () => { await expect ( getTermDefinition ( 42 , baseDependencies )). rejects . toEqual ( new Error ( ' Invalid term: 42 ' ) ) }) test ( ' valid term "Foo", cache hit ' , async () => { const dependencies = { ... baseDependencies , searchedTerms : new Set < string > ([ ' foo ' ]), readFile : jest . fn (). mockResolvedValue ( ' definition ' ) } const definition = await getTermDefinition ( ' Foo ' , dependencies ) expect ( definition ). toEqual ( ' definition ' ) expect ( dependencies . fetchDefinition ). not . toHaveBeenCalled () expect ( dependencies . writeFile ). not . toHaveBeenCalled () }) test ( ' valid term "foo", cache miss ' , async () => { const dependencies = { ... baseDependencies , fetchDefinition : jest . fn (). mockResolvedValue ( ' definition ' ) } expect ( dependencies . searchedTerms . size ). toBe ( 0 ) const definition = await getTermDefinition ( ' foo ' , dependencies ) expect ( definition ). toEqual ( ' definition ' ) expect ( dependencies . writeFile ). toHaveBeenCalled () expect ([... dependencies . searchedTerms ]). toEqual ([ ' foo ' ]) }) }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The changes we made allow us to refactor the code to use a different HTTP or file system module, simply by changing the implementations of readFile , writeFile , and fetchDefinition . Plus, we do not have to update the tests at all, because the Dependencies interface does not change. This example was not entirely about "purifying" an impure function. We have seen how to handle side effects in the previous article of this series. Here, I tried to show you how we can organize our code to split the pure and impure parts into dedicated functions. Then, we can use dependency injection to make these side-effectful dependencies explicit , and provide fully-controlled values to write the tests. Hopefully you enjoyed this chapter! Thank you for reading this far! As always, feel free to share your opinion in the comments :) Next time we will talk about data immutability. See you! Photo by Xavi Cabrera on Unsplash . Pictures made with Excalidraw . Demystifying Functional Programming (8 Part Series) 1 Introduction 2 What is Functional Programming? ... 4 more parts... 3 Why should we learn and use FP? 4 Function composition and higher-order function 5 Declarative vs imperative 6 Side effects 7 Function purity and referential transparency 8 Data immutability Top comments (4) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand alexnasi1 alexnasi1 alexnasi1 Follow Joined Dec 26, 2023 • Dec 26 '23 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Just awesome, gonna share this on my Purity Test blog. Appreciated! Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand nia-h nia-h nia-h Follow Joined Dec 28, 2022 • Dec 28 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Happy Holidays! I really enjoyed reading your articles. I was wondering if you could answer a question of mine. I copies and pasted the new test file to my VS code and got errors for the readFile , writeFile , and fetchDefinition properties of the baseDependencies object. I have attached a screenshot here. It would be great if you could shed some light on what's the underlying issue here. Thank you. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Benoit Ruiz Benoit Ruiz Benoit Ruiz Follow Location France Work Software Engineer at Datadog Joined Aug 2, 2020 • Dec 30 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Hello, and happy holidays to you too! Last time I checked, I didn't have any TS error. I was using the following: jest@27.5.1 ts-jest@27.1.4 Can you tell me which versions you are using for these dependencies? Also, as a simple "fix", you may try to use a type assertion such as jest.fn() as (path: string) => Promise<string> . Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand nia-h nia-h nia-h Follow Joined Dec 28, 2022 • Jan 4 '23 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Hello, Thank you for your reply. I am using: "@jest/globals": "^29.3.1", "ts-jest": "^29.0.3" The simple 'fix' works for me! Thanks again! Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Benoit Ruiz Follow Location France Work Software Engineer at Datadog Joined Aug 2, 2020 More from Benoit Ruiz Data immutability # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Equivalent of Scala's for-comprehension using fp-ts # typescript # scala # functional # programming Side effects # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/yumyum116/why-print-can-cause-a-tle-even-with-an-efficient-algorithm-4f7e#generate-bytecode | Why print() Can Cause a TLE Even with an Efficient Algorithm - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse yumyum116 Posted on Jan 11 Why print() Can Cause a TLE Even with an Efficient Algorithm # python # programming Hi, everyone. This is yumyum116. This article is part of a series of how standard library functions work . I am glad that this will help beginners understand the underlying mechanisms behind these functions. This topic arose from a personal experience in which I encountered a TLE, despite using an efficient algorithm to solve the problem. After investigating, I discovered that the issue was caused by calling the print function too many times within the program . Based on this experience, this article explains how the print function works internally and why excessive use of it can lead to a TLE . 1. Example of a TLE Despite Using an Efficient Algorithm In this chapter, I introduce an example of a program that results in a TLE despite using an efficient algorithm. The program determines whether a given number is prime using the Sieve of Eratosthenes. At first glance, the algorithm itself is efficiet - but can you identify which part of the code causes of the TLE? For reference, the input number satisfies the following conditions: conditions: 1 < = n < = 380 , 000 1 <= n <= 380,000 1 <= n <= 380 , 000 1 < = a r r a y [ i ] < = 6 , 000 , 000 ( 1 < = i < = n ) 1 <= array[i] <= 6,000,000 (1 <= i <= n) 1 <= a rr a y [ i ] <= 6 , 000 , 000 ( 1 <= i <= n ) MAX_A = 6000000 def eratosthenes ( n ): is_prime = [ True ] * ( n + 1 ) is_prime [ 0 ] = is_prime [ 1 ] = False for i in range ( 2 , int ( n ** 0.5 ) + 1 ): if is_prime [ i ]: for j in range ( i * i , n + 1 , i ): is_prime [ j ] = False return is_prime n = int ( input ()) arr = [ int ( input ()) for _ in range ( n )] for i in range ( n ): print ( " prime " if is_prime ( arr [ i ]) else " not prime " ) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Next, I introduce a program that that fixes the TLE issue. MAX_A = 6000000 def eratosthenes ( n ): is_prime = [ True ] * ( n + 1 ) is_prime [ 0 ] = is_prime [ 1 ] = False for i in range ( 2 , int ( n ** 0.5 ) + 1 ): if is_prime [ i ]: for j in range ( i * i , n + 1 , i ): is_prime [ j ] = False return is_prime n = int ( input ()) arr = [ int ( input ()) for _ in range ( n )] is_prime_table = eratosthenes ( MAX_A ) out = [] for x in arr : out . append ( " prime " if is_prime_table [ x ] else " not prime " ) print ( " \n " . join ( out )) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode In the next chapter, let's take a closer look at why the TLE happened. 2. What Happens Internally When Executing a Python Program Before diving into the main discussion, let's take a look at what actually happens when a Python program is executed. This section is a bit long, but understanding of this flow will help you build a deeper intuition about how Python programs work under the hood. At a high level, the execution flow looks like this: Execute a Python program. -- the python interpreter starts runnung -- Perform lexical analysis by breaking the source code into tokens. Generate a sequence of tokens. Parse the token sequence. Build an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST). Generate code objects from the AST. Compile the code objects into bytecode. Execute the bytecode on the Python virtual machine. -- the python interpreter completes execution -- Execute machine instructions on the CPU. Now, let's walk through a simple example. Consider the following Python program (1). # test.py print ( " Hi, how are you? " ) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Lexical Analysis When the Python interpreter runs test.py, it first performs lexical analysis. During this process, the source code is broken down into tokens such as Hi , , , how , are , you , and ? . Parsing Based on the tokens generated during lexical analysis, the interpreter builds a data structure called an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) through parsing. Let's take an actual look at the AST objects generated when executing test.py . $ python > import ast > tree = ast.parse('print("Hi, how are you?")') > > print(ast.dump(tree, indent=4)) Module( body=[ Expr( value=Call( func=Name(id='print', ctx=Load()), args=[ Constant(value='Hi, how are you?')], keywords=[]))], type_ignores=[]) > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode If you want to better grasp the structure of an AST, using a sentence that includes mathematical expressions can be very helpful. However, that is beyond the scope of this article. Now, let's break down the generated AST. ① func=Name(id = 'print', ctx=Load()) This means the identifier print is loaded as a value. ctx , which is one of the arguments of the Name node, specifies how the identifier is used. It can be set to Store() when assigning a value, Load() when reading a value, or Del() when deleting an element. Structurally, this can be summarized as follows: A Name node is a parsing node that contains the following information: The presence of the identifier print in the source code. How the identifier is used in context (in this example, it is used as Load() ). ② args=[Constant(value='Hi, how are you?')] This represents a structural node that holds the value of an argument passed to a function. In computer science terms, this is an AST node that represents a string literal. For reference, the Constant node has been used since Python 3.8, whereas Str was used in earlier versions of Python (prior to 3.8). ③ Call(...) This node represents a function call statement and stores the following information: i. func - information about the called object ii. args - expressions to be evaluated as positional arguments iii. keywords - expressions to be evaluated as keyword arguments ④ Expr(...) This node represents an expression whose purpose is only to produce output. There are many other nodes at the same hierarchical level as Expr , each serving a different role. However, due to the scope of this article, I will introduce those nodes in a separate article. ⑤ Module(...) This node represents the root AST node of a .py file. As a supplement, body=[...] is a list of statements included in the source code, and type_ignores=[] stores additional information for type checkers. For example, it records the line numbers of comments that instruct the type checker to ignore type errors. Generate Code Objects from the AST In this step, the following processes are performed. ① Analyze the AST and perform the following tasks: (i) Determine whether each variable is local, global, or free. (ii) Register constants in the constant table. (iii) Build a code object for each function and class. ② Build the structural body of a PyCodeObject Ideally, the following elements are constructed as the internal structure of the code object. CodeObject { co_consts co_names co_varnames co_freevars co_cellvars co_flags co_code } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Generate bytecode After completing syntax analysis, the Python interpreter generates bytecode from the AST. During this process, a source file named compile.c is executed. This file implements the compiler that translates the AST into bytecode. The resulting bytecode is expressed as follows: >> import dis >>> dis.dis('print("Hi, how are you?")') 0 0 RESUME 0 1 2 PUSH_NULL 4 LOAD_NAME 0 (print) 6 LOAD_CONST 0 ('Hi, how are you?') 8 CALL 1 16 RETURN_VALUE Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode This representation is close to programs written in assembly or machine language, and LOAD_NAME 0 corresponds to a single bytecode instruction. The full list of bytecode instructions can be found in opcode.h . From a computer science perspective, this process converts the AST into instructions for a stack machine by traversing the AST nodes. Conceptually, the following sequence of instructions is generated: co_code = [ LOAD_NAME print LOAD_CONST "Hi, how are you?" CALL 1 RETURN_VALUE ] Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Through this process, the bytecode is transformed into a form that the virtual machine can interpret directly. Execute the bytecode on the Python virtual machine As I mentioned in the section Generate bytecode , the Python virtual machine is a type of stack machine , which primarily uses a stack during calculation. A stack is a data structure used to store values in such a way that new data is added on top of existing data. When data is removed, the most recently added value is taken first. This behavior is known as Last In, First Out(LIFO) . The bytecode generated by the Python interpreter is designed to be executed efficiently on a stack-based virtual machine. Below, you can see a simplified explanation of how the previously shown bytecode is executed. For clarify, some details are omitted, so this description is not perfectly precise, but it should help build intuition. Instruction Meaning RESUME 0 Represent the start of a function call PUSH_NULL Push NULL onto the stack to indicate that this is not a method call LOAD_NAME 0 (print) Push the value of the variable print onto the stack LOAD_CONST 0 ('Hi, how are you?') Push the value of the variable Hi, how are you? onto the stack CALL 1 Pop the number of values specified by the variable argc from the top of the stack, and call the corresponding callable object RETURN_VALUE Return to the original caller On the Python virtual machine, this bytecode is executed sequentially from the top, with each instruction performing operations that push the resulting Python objects onto the stack. Execute machine instructions on the CPU The CPU executes programs that have been loaded into memory. In the case of Python, the CPU executes the machine instructions that implement the Python virtual machine. Let me briefly explain what machine instructions are. Machine instructions represent operations using binary values composed of zeros and ones. For readability, hexadecimal notation is often used so that humans can more easily interpret them. If you are interested, you can open a .pyc file using a binary editor to see this representation yourself. In the case of test.py , the machine instructions would look like the following. Note that these are shown in hexadecimal for human readability and differ from the actual machine instructions executed directly by the CPU. Now, let's return to the main discussion. For example, the CALL 1 bytecode instruction corresponds to invoking a specific case in a switch statement in C, conceptually described as follows: switch (opcode){ case CALL: /* Call a function with the given arguments */ } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode To describe the entire flow precisely -- from execution on the Python virtual machine to execution on the CPU --it can be summarized as follows: The CALL 1 instruction is read by CPython's C implementation, which branches to the corresponding case CALL: in a switch statement. The CPU then executes the machine instructions that implement that case CALL: within CPython itself. At the Python level, the callable function is written as print . However, the actual callable object is implemented in CPython's C code, specifically as builtin_print_impl . The above describes the complete flow of how a Python program is executed. 3. What Happens When the print Function Is Called? Now, let's take a closer look at the behavior of the print function. Briefly speaking, print is not part of the standard library--it is a built-in function . Built-in functions are implemented directly in CPython's C source code. You can find the function object for print in the CPython repository here . As mentioned in the previous section, the impolementation corresponding to print is builtin_print_impl . To keep the discussion focused, I will paste the relevant part of the original source code below. static PyObject * builtin_print_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *args, PyObject *sep, PyObject *end, PyObject *file, int flush) /*[clinic end generated code: output=3cfc0940f5bc237b input=c143c575d24fe665]*/ { int i, err; if (file == Py_None) { PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET(); file = _PySys_GetAttr(tstate, &_Py_ID(stdout)); if (file == NULL) { PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "lost sys.stdout"); return NULL; } /* sys.stdout may be None when FILE* stdout isn't connected */ if (file == Py_None) { Py_RETURN_NONE; } } if (sep == Py_None) { sep = NULL; } else if (sep && !PyUnicode_Check(sep)) { PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "sep must be None or a string, not %.200s", Py_TYPE(sep)->tp_name); return NULL; } if (end == Py_None) { end = NULL; } else if (end && !PyUnicode_Check(end)) { PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "end must be None or a string, not %.200s", Py_TYPE(end)->tp_name); return NULL; } for (i = 0; i < PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args); i++) { if (i > 0) { if (sep == NULL) { err = PyFile_WriteString(" ", file); } else { err = PyFile_WriteObject(sep, file, Py_PRINT_RAW); } if (err) { return NULL; } } err = PyFile_WriteObject(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, i), file, Py_PRINT_RAW); if (err) { return NULL; } } if (end == NULL) { err = PyFile_WriteString("\n", file); } else { err = PyFile_WriteObject(end, file, Py_PRINT_RAW); } if (err) { return NULL; } if (flush) { PyObject *tmp = PyObject_CallMethodNoArgs(file, &_Py_ID(flush)); if (tmp == NULL) { return NULL; } Py_DECREF(tmp); } Py_RETURN_NONE; } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode When the print function is called, characters are displayed on the standard output through the following sequenc of steps: Execute Python source code. Compile the source code into Python bytecode. Execute the bytecode on the Cpython virtual machine. Invoke the built-in print function. Call file.write() . Call the C standard library function write() . -- The steps above are executed within the Python runtime layer .-- Invoke a system call handled by the operating system kernel. Output the characters to the standard output. The connection between these steps and the previous sections may not be immediately clear, so before explaining each operation in detail, I will first provide some additional context. The steps above describe the observable behavior at a high level, while the CPU is continuously executing instructions behind the scenes. From the CPU's perspective, the steps above can be described as follows: While executing the machine instructions that implement the CPython virtual machine, the CPU reaches a CALL instruction and invokes the machine instructions corresponding to the built-in print function. During this process, execution transitions through PyFile_WriteObject to FileIO.write , and finally to the write system call. Visually, the process can be illustrated as follows: CPU └─ CPython VM（machine instructions） └─ builtin print（machine instructions） └─ PyFile_WriteObject（machine instructions） └─ FileIO.write（machine instructions） └─ libc write（machine instructions） └─ kernel write（machine instructions） Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode With this overview in mind, let's move on to a detailed explanation of the entire execution flow of the print function. Invoke the Built-in print Function Here, the actual callable object is defined as follows: static PyObject * builtin_print_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *args, PyObject *sep, PyObject *end, PyObject *file, int flush) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode When this object is invoked, the following steps are executed: ① Receive the given arguments as PyObject* values. ② Interpret the sep , end , file , and flush parameters. ③ Determine the output destination ( file ), which defaults to sys.stdout . Invoke the file.write() method on the output file object In the following C implementation, the write method of the Python file object is invoked. PyFile_WriteObject(obj, file, Py_PRINT_RAW); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Within builtinmodule.c , which was introduced in the previous section, the following function corresponds to this behavior. PyFile_WriteObject(sep, file, Py_PRINT_RAW) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode In effect, this is equivalent to calling sys.stdout.write(...) at the Python level. Invoke the standard library function write() Python's sys.stdout is composed of multiple layers of wrapper objects, as illustrated below. TextIOWrapper └─ BufferedWriter └─ FileIO Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The C implementation of FileIO.write() is located in Module/_io/fileio.c , and the function _io_FileIO_write_impl provides the low-level implementation of FileIO.write() . /*[clinic input] _io.FileIO.write cls: defining_class b: Py_buffer / Write buffer b to file, return number of bytes written. Only makes one system call, so not all of the data may be written. The number of bytes actually written is returned. In non-blocking mode, returns None if the write would block. [clinic start generated code]*/ static PyObject * _io_FileIO_write_impl(fileio *self, PyTypeObject *cls, Py_buffer *b) /*[clinic end generated code: output=927e25be80f3b77b input=2776314f043088f5]*/ { Py_ssize_t n; int err; if (self->fd < 0) return err_closed(); if (!self->writable) { _PyIO_State *state = get_io_state_by_cls(cls); return err_mode(state, "writing"); } n = _Py_write(self->fd, b->buf, b->len); /* copy errno because PyBuffer_Release() can indirectly modify it */ err = errno; if (n < 0) { if (err == EAGAIN) { PyErr_Clear(); Py_RETURN_NONE; } return NULL; } return PyLong_FromSsize_t(n); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode ( source ) The function prototype is shown below: _Py_write(fd, buf, size) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode At this level, execution transitions from the Python layer to the C I/O layer. Invoke a System Call Handled by the Operating System Kernel. In the entire execution of the print function, this step is the most expensive. During a system call, the following operations occur: ① Transition from user space to kernel space. ② Perform a context switch. ③ Write to standard output within the operating system. Transition from User Space to Kernel Space This step means that the CPU switches its execution mode. User space is where ordinary applications, such as Python programs, CPython itself and standard libraries, run. Code in user space cannot directly access hardware devices or protected memory. Kernel space is where the operating system runs. Device operations, file I/O and process management are handled in this space. The print function must transition from user space to kernel space in order to perform device-related operations. You can think of this transition as occurring when a system call, such as write() , is invoked. Perform a Context Switch This step means that the CPU switches its execution context. There are two types of context switches. One is (A) a transition from user mode to kernel mode, as described above. The other is (B) a process switch, where the CPU switches from one process to another. In the case of the print function, the important context switch is (A). This mode transition caused by a system call is the primary reason why I/O operations are expensive. The Operating System Handles Standard Output Briefly speaking, this step sends an instruction to the operating system that says, "Write these characters to the file descriptor whose value is 1." (File descriptor 1 corresponds to standard output.) Conceptually, standard output is processed as follows. Execute sys_write(fd=1, buf) ↓ Resolve the file descriptor to an internal file structure ↓ Route the output to the corresponding device, file, or pipe ↓ Apply buffering if necessary Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode To summarize this flow more simply: When print() is called, CPython invokes write() , which switches the CPU execution mode from user mode to kernel mode. The operating system then resolves the file descriptor with value 1 (standard output) and writes the data to the appropriate destination, such as a terminal, file, or pipe. These kernel-level operations and device I/O are significantly more expensive than the mode switch itself, which is why frequent calls to print() can easily become a performance bottleneck. Output Characters To the Standard Output The kernel sends the characters to the appropriate output destination , which in this case is the terminal. 4. The Cause of the TLE: Calling print Inside a for Loop First of all, thank you for staying with me up to this point. As stated in the heading, the cause of the TLE I encountered was the repeated use of the print function inside a for loop. More precisely, the implementation introduced in the first chapter, which is described below, triggers a TLE because print is executed on every iteration of the loop. for i in range(n): print("prime" if is_prime(arr[i]) else "not prime") Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Each time the loop variable i i i is incremented by 1 , the print function is called. As explained throughout this article, calling print involves kernel-level operations and device I/O. Executing these expensive operations on every iteration significantly degrades performance. For example, when the maximum input value of 380,000 is provided, the print() function is invoked 380,000 times. This workload is simply too heavy for the CPU and the operating system to handle efficiently. This example clearly demonstrates that--even when using an efficient algorithm--an inappropriate implementation choice can lead to disastrous performance under the given input constraints. Now, let's take another look at the revised program. out = [] for x in arr: out.append("prime" if is_prime_table[x] else "not prime") print("\n".join(out)) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode No matter how large the input value is, collecting the output values in an array results in calling the print function only once. When you compare a single call to print with 380,000 calls, the difference in CPU workload becomes immediately clear. This experience taught me an important lesson: when you encounter a TLE despite using an efficient algorithm, suspect I/O operations . I hope this article has helped you gain a deeper understanding of what happens behind the scenes and why such performance issues occur. If you find any mistakes, please let me know through the feedback form. I will revise them as quickly as possible. See you again in the next article! Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse yumyum116 Follow A beginner who wants to transit my career into software engineer. Joined Jan 3, 2026 More from yumyum116 Implementing Shell Sort: From Theory to Practical Code # shellsort # python 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
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https://ruul.io/blog/wellness-and-employee-wellbeing-at-work | Wellness and employee wellbeing at workplace - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up No items found. Wellness and employee wellbeing at work Discover the complex concept of employee wellbeing and why it's crucial for businesses. Get tips on how to promote in the workplace now! Ceylin Güven 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Employee wellbeing should be the #1 priority of every organization. This is sure to have positive outcomes for everyone’s personal lives, while also improving productivity and engagement in your company overall. If you’re wondering how to improve staff wellbeing at work, you’ve come to the right place. In this article, we’ll be detailing what employee wellbeing truly entails, give tips on how you can promote it, as well as provide examples of successful employee wellness programs from other companies. Let’s get straight to it! What is employee wellbeing? As the name suggests, this phrase entails the overall wellbeing of employees. It’s a complex concept; as both personal and workplace-related circumstances can have significant effects on it.When we think of ‘wellbeing’, physicality might be the first aspect that comes to mind. However, wellbeing for employees encompasses many different dimensions–anything from physical, to emotional, to even financial. Here are examples of some of these wellness dimensions . Elements of employee wellbeing Physical wellbeing: Things like exercising regularly, having a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, and receiving proper care for your chronic health issues can all positively affect one’s physical wellbeing. Emotional wellbeing: It’s important to properly address, create a safe space about, and help fight employee mental health problems–especially ones that can be related to work stress. Occupational wellbeing: Career wellbeing consists of someone being content with their profession overall. This depends on good workplace conditions, job satisfaction, their ability to progress in their desired career path, etc. Social wellbeing: Humans are social creatures, and feelings of isolation can definitely worsen someone’s wellness. Since it’s important to form meaningful connections and friendships, encouraging social activities at work can be additionally helpful. Community wellbeing: Another similar aspect to social wellbeing is the feeling of connectedness within one’s community. This can be fostered by supporting local communities within the workplace with measures such as volunteering . Financial wellbeing: It’s unfortunately very common to stress about your livelihood. To oppose this, caring for your employee financial wellbeing consists of providing wages that can comfortably cover living expenses, medical bills, etc. while additionally leaving spending room for one’s personal enjoyment. Why is wellbeing at work important? Prioritizing emotional wellbeing in the workplace can have many benefits; both for each individual worker, and the success of the organization overall. One of the most important pros of promoting better employee wellbeing is that it improves overall productivity . According to the Gallup Business Journal , employees who are physically and mentally healthy are 13% more likely to do great work. The same research also suggests that healthy employees are 32% more likely to stay at their job. This proves how wellbeing improvement efforts will also improve employee retention . How to promote wellbeing at work The Great Resignation showed us that people aren’t afraid to leave their jobs to find better conditions, and this includes wellbeing benefits. To maximize your employee retention, you should know how to promote wellbeing at work in the most effective way possible. Who is responsible for sustaining the wellbeing of workers? The department of human resources (HR) usually takes the brunt of it, but that doesn’t mean they are the only ones that should be responsible. As a matter of fact, everyone is (and should be) responsible to some level: HR and people professionals are responsible for maintaining the company culture , people in managerial positions are responsible for the wellbeing of everyone on their team, and each employee is responsible for themselves. Obstacles to sustaining wellbeing Before you create an effective employee well-being program, you should first try to eliminate obstacles that stand in the way of sustaining wellbeing in the workplace. Some of the major obstacles you might face can be: Lack of meaningful managerial engagement Ineffective communication channels and methods Unsatisfactory work conditions (excessive workload, insufficient wages, etc.) Repeated accounts of discriminatory actions, such as microaggressions Not providing the necessary tools and technologies for a productive workflow Weak company culture & team spirit These are all things that will obstruct your ability to prioritize workplace wellness. You’ll be able to fix these issues easier once you better understand the different elements that contribute to wellbeing. The 7 pillars of employee wellbeing The UK-based CIPD has conducted very extensive research on workplace wellness, and they came up with seven core “pillars” of employee wellbeing. These seven components are now commonly used as the basis of any effective wellness program . Health It is an accepted fact at this point that bad physical health increases risk of mental health issues , and vice versa. Due to this interconnection, sustaining both physical and emotional wellness in your employees are equally important. Encouraging your workers to stay physically active can work in many ways: Providing workers with gym memberships and access to fitness apps, organizing sportive team outings like hikes, introducing paid time for activity breaks, or even investing in standing desks in your physical workspace can be effective. Just be mindful of what physicality can mean for different people , like those with disabilities . They will most likely have different needs for exercise (like flexibility training, physical therapy, etc.), and those should be accommodated as well. On the other hand, employee mental health is another vital aspect. Issues of mental health in the workplace most commonly occur due to two reasons: Work-related stress and burnout . These are both important issues that can have serious consequences, and companies should have strong policies to prevent them. This is why promoting mental health at work is critical to support employee wellbeing. Good work What makes work “good” is a combination of many things, some of the key ones being: Effective management and communication Supportive work environment High job quality & meaningfulness of one’s work Clear job description and objectives Ability to be autonomous and innovative When one (or some) of these aspects are missing, employees can quickly lose their motivation and productivity. Companies must aim to improve your workplace conditions to align with these aspects, and provide good work opportunities for everyone involved . Company culture Your workplace culture is more important for employee wellbeing than you might realize. These are (usually unwritten) rules about what working at this company means for everyone: Core values, company vision, aims , etc. This means that it is usually interlinked with management , so bad managerial practices can have a heavy influence on it. Managers should focus on creating a culture of equality, support , and allyship . People with different identities should feel like they’re being treated with the same compassion, and everyone should feel listened to. Fostering open communication, accommodating everyone , and having strong anti-discrimination policies are important in this case. Social/community This pillar is about creating interpersonal communication, and building strong relationships in the workplace. You don’t need to have all your coworkers be close friends to achieve this–you just need to foster a supportive social environment in your company. Team building is extremely important to combat isolation. Providing socialization options, like organizing ‘icebreaker’ activities and mixers, is a great way to give your workers the opportunity to get to know each other beyond the limitations of work. As a result, they can also rely on and actively support each other during hard times. Another key part of creating a supportive community is to make sure everyone gets to speak up . If employees don’t feel like their voices are being heard, and that they’re left out of important decisions, for example, their involvement with the company will gradually decrease. When you show everyone individually that they’re valued, you’ll foster a much more supportive workplace environment. Personal growth Having the time and money to dedicate to your personal growth is essential for employee wellbeing. It increases self worth, helps improve their skill set, and reduces stress–which does wonders for their mental health in the long run. Fostering personal growth is key to creating a work environment where the workload doesn’t feel suffocating. You can easily promote this by incorporating the concept into your benefits programs, e.g., by providing memberships to courses and certification programs . You can also conduct company-wide surveys and invite experts for training sessions if there is a common interest for a particular subject. Financial support Another pillar is financial wellbeing, which can also be at the core of many people’s mental health-related issues as well. The global state of the economy, as well as the recent trend of layoffs, has left many people worrying about their futures at work. Factors that support financial wellbeing can include things like: Having stability and job security Sufficient wages A comprehensive retirement plan Equal pay opportunities for people with different identities A benefits program for insurance, PTO, etc. Additional support for student loans Financial literacy and investment support Lifestyle A person’s lifestyle directly affects their health, which is why this point also ties into the first one. To help both of these aspects, you should be supporting the good lifestyle choices of your employees, such as getting regular exercise and maintaining a healthy diet. This can be easily fostered in a physical workplace by providing different dietary alternatives for in-office food. Another option for remote working is to encourage these health and wellness measures by signing your employees up for gym memberships, meal plan subscriptions, etc. Tips for building an effective wellbeing program Considering all of the pillars above, here are some tips on how to set up a wellness program at work: Build trust and encourage open communication in your work environment Seek out feedback from employees, and implement their suggestions & requests Prioritize inclusion and diversity in the workplace Enforce strict anti-discrimination and anti-harassment policies Don’t skip over providing positive feedback and letting your employees know their work is appreciated Promote an environment of self improvement by supporting learning and skill-building ventures Integrate benefits to improve physical and mental health through gym memberships, meditation sessions, etc. Make sure your company culture is clear and inclusive Consistently evaluating your wellbeing programs, and adjusting them accordingly Best practices of wellbeing support from companies around the world A joint research by Great Place to Work and Johns Hopkins University shows that only 16% of workers in the US report a high state of wellness in the workplace. In comparison, employees of “The Best 100 Companies to Work For” report a staggering 58% . So, what is it exactly that these companies are doing right with their employee wellness programs, and how can you apply it to your own? One such trailblazer in the working world is Salesforce , a cloud-based software company. A central aspect of how they encourage employee wellbeing is having “a central space for wellness resources”–what they named “Camp Pono”. This is a dedicated virtual space where employees can access things such as cooking demos, meal recipes, and yoga sessions. The fact that this solution is virtual both increases engagement and accessibility, as well as encourages employees to seek out wellbeing solutions whenever and wherever. Another example is the tech company Cisco . In 2018 , they started a policy to end the stigma around mental health issues by encouraging open communication, offering confidential counseling 24/7 , and improving access to medical plans that also have family coverage. Nurturing employee wellbeing is essential Improving wellbeing at work can be a challenge at first. But with a comprehensive employee wellbeing program, you can ensure a better work experience for everyone. Implementing the right strategies can be the solution you need to improve your company. Keep following Ruul Blog for more insights about modern workplace culture and trends. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Ceylin Güven Ceylin Güven likes reading anything she can get her hands on, writing poetry that’s way too personal, and watching Studio Ghibli movies. More How to Calculate Freelance Hourly Rate in Greece Learn how to calculate your freelance hourly rate in Greece by considering taxes, expenses, billable hours, and market trends. Discover tools like Ruul that simplify invoicing, tax management, and payment collection for Greek freelancers. Read more Merchant of Record vs Invoicing Tools Understand the difference between Merchant of Record (MoR) services and invoicing tools. Learn how each handles payments, taxes, and compliance—and which is best for your business or freelance setup. Read more Invoicing and payment terms every freelancer must know Learn the invoicing and payment terms every freelancer needs to know for successful project negotiations. Get paid easily and stress-free with our guide. Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-502-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 502 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 502 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 502 is a permanent or "5xx" error code returned by a mail server, indicating the rejection of a command or request that it does not support or cannot process. This error signifies the server's refusal of the email message or command due to incompatibility or limitations. What's Causing This Error? SMTP Error 502 may result from various factors: Unsupported commands: The sender's email client or server may issue SMTP commands that the recipient server does not recognize or support. Configuration issues: The recipient server may have specific configurations or restrictions causing it to reject certain types of emails or commands. Policy limitations: The server's policies or restrictions may lead to SMTP Error 502 if the sender's request or email content does not comply. How to Fix SMTP Error 502? To address SMTP Error 502: Check email client or server settings: Ensure that the email client or server uses compatible SMTP commands and follows best practices. Review recipient server policies: Consult the recipient server's documentation or contact its administrators to understand policies and limitations, ensuring compliance. Test and adjust: If encountering SMTP Error 502, test different configurations or SMTP commands to find a compatible method for communicating with the recipient server. SMTP Error 502 Examples: SMTP Error 502 in phpmailer: "502 5.5.1 Command not recognized. Check your SMTP command." "502 5.3.2 Configuration restrictions prevent this request. Contact the administrator for assistance." SMTP Error 502 in Jenkins: "502 5.7.0 Policy limitations prevent email delivery. Review and adjust your email content." "502 5.4.1 Incompatible SMTP command. Ensure your client or server is configured correctly." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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https://dev.to/anand12/are-you-a-coder-here-are-20-top-tips-from-the-coding-community#main-content | Are You A Coder? Here Are 20 Top Tips From The Coding Community - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close #WithAnand Follow Are You A Coder? Here Are 20 Top Tips From The Coding Community Nov 10 '21 play Learning to code is an amazing thing. How you can code something interesting and then view its fascinating outcomes. But Doing it in the right way is also very important. I am going to share 20 Top Tips From The Coding Community Read Blog📖 Twitter💌 Voice Message🎙️ Buy Me a Coffee❤️ Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/tweak-mock-and-modify-htt/feahianecghpnipmhphmfgmpdodhcapi | tweak: mock and modify HTTP requests - Chrome Web Store Skip to main content Chrome Web Store My extensions & themes Developer Dashboard Give feedback Sign in Discover Extensions Themes tweak: mock and modify HTTP requests Add to Chrome Created by the owner of the listed website. The publisher has a good record with no history of violations. Learn more. tweak-extension.com Follows recommended practices for Chrome extensions. Learn more. Featured 4.7 ( 227 ratings ) Ratings are updated daily and may not reflect the most recent reviews. Share Extension Developer Tools 60,000 users Overview Mock or modify your HTTP requests to test, develop and demo your web application tl;dr tweak allows you to mock and modify HTTP requests without leaving the browser You can intercept requests/API calls and 🪄 ﹥ Modify ⁃ Response data and headers ⁃ Status code ⁃ Request payload 💸 ⁃ Request headers 💸 ﹥ Delay individual requests/API calls ﹥ Export and import rules to organize and share your configs with your team ﹥ Search requests in the background to import them automatically Premium 💸 ﹥ Modify the response data by writing custom JavaScript ﹥ Organize your workspace with collections ﹥ Change rules in bulk using global custom variables ﹥ Create mock data with random generators ﹥ Use tweak’s breakpoints and logpoints to debug requests/API calls What you CAN’T do with tweak 🚫 ﹥ Replace documents such as HTML/CSS/Images Useful links 🔗 ﹥Getting started https://tweak-extension.com/docs/intro ﹥FAQs https://tweak-extension.com/faqs ﹥Changelog https://tweak-extension.com/changelog ﹥Support help@tweak-extension.com 4.7 out of 5 227 ratings Learn more about results and reviews. See all reviews Details Version 8.4.0 Updated April 12, 2025 Features Offers in-app purchases Flag concern Size 3.73MiB Languages English Developer Website Email help@tweak-extension.com Non-trader This developer has not identified itself as a trader. For consumers in the European Union, please note that consumer rights do not apply to contracts between you and this developer. Privacy tweak: mock and modify HTTP requests has disclosed the following information regarding the collection and usage of your data. More detailed information can be found in the developer's privacy policy . tweak: mock and modify HTTP requests handles the following: Location User activity See details This developer declares that your data is Not being sold to third parties, outside of the approved use cases Not being used or transferred for purposes that are unrelated to the item's core functionality Not being used or transferred to determine creditworthiness or for lending purposes Support Visit support hub Related Netify 4.6 Average rating 4.6 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Debugging proxy that will allow you to intercept and mutate requests from a web page Inssman: Open-Source: Modify HTTP Request 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Intercept HTTP(S) Request, Modify Headers, Log headers, Change Response, Block Request, Redirect, Custom HTML/CSS/JS/JSON ModResponse - Mock and replay API 4.5 Average rating 4.5 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Mock, modify, and replay API. Easy setup. No proxy needed. No code change required. Redux DevTools 4.6 Average rating 4.6 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Redux DevTools for debugging application's state changes. Requestly: Supercharge your Development & QA 4.4 Average rating 4.4 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Features: Intercept & Modify HTTPs Requests, API Mocking, GraphQL Mocking, Rest API Client, API Testing, Modify HTTP Headers, etc CORS Unblock 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. No more CORS error by appending 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *' header to local and remote web requests when enabled MockMan - mock APIs 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Mocks api responses for AJAX (XHR) requests. (Postman for Frontend) Allow CORS: Access-Control-Allow-Origin 3.4 Average rating 3.4 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Easily add (Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *) rule to the response header. Request Interceptor 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Intercept Requests and add custom rules to modify request/response headers, block/redirect requests, modify query params. ModHeader - Modify HTTP headers 3.0 Average rating 3.0 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Modify HTTP request headers, response headers, and redirect URLs Request Interceptor 4.5 Average rating 4.5 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Request Interceptor Extension for Chrome. Mokku 3.6 Average rating 3.6 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Adds the API mocker MOKKU to Chrome Developer Tools for seamless integration & testing. Netify 4.6 Average rating 4.6 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Debugging proxy that will allow you to intercept and mutate requests from a web page Inssman: Open-Source: Modify HTTP Request 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Intercept HTTP(S) Request, Modify Headers, Log headers, Change Response, Block Request, Redirect, Custom HTML/CSS/JS/JSON ModResponse - Mock and replay API 4.5 Average rating 4.5 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Mock, modify, and replay API. Easy setup. No proxy needed. No code change required. Redux DevTools 4.6 Average rating 4.6 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Redux DevTools for debugging application's state changes. Requestly: Supercharge your Development & QA 4.4 Average rating 4.4 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Features: Intercept & Modify HTTPs Requests, API Mocking, GraphQL Mocking, Rest API Client, API Testing, Modify HTTP Headers, etc CORS Unblock 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. No more CORS error by appending 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *' header to local and remote web requests when enabled MockMan - mock APIs 4.1 Average rating 4.1 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Mocks api responses for AJAX (XHR) requests. (Postman for Frontend) Allow CORS: Access-Control-Allow-Origin 3.4 Average rating 3.4 out of 5 stars. Learn more about results and reviews. Easily add (Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *) rule to the response header. Google apps About Chrome Web Store Developer Dashboard Privacy Policy Terms of Service Help | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/adventuresinangular/using-the-localstorage-object-in-angular-with-dany-paredes-aia-358#main-content | Using the LocalStorage Object in Angular with Dany Paredes - AiA 358 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Adventures in Angular Follow Using the LocalStorage Object in Angular with Dany Paredes - AiA 358 Oct 6 '22 play In Angular apps, remembering user-preferred settings is an excellent way to provide a good experience for the users; you can save data in the user’s browser using the localStorage object, which provides methods for working the key-value data. Today on the show, GDE Angular expert Dany Paredes shares his insights about localStorage, how to learn about this API, and knowledge to build in Angular to save background color preferences. In this episode… How localStorage works and limitations API examples and use cases Possible performance issues Trusting the localStorage and API mock values Complicated use cases Angular content in Spanish Sponsors Top End Devs Raygun | Click here to get started on your free 14-day trial Coaching | Top End Devs Links ng-content Angular Basics: localStorage Object Keeps Data in Browser Twitter: @danywalls Dany Paredes | Javascript / Web Picks Charles- Quartile Charles- Funnel Hacking LIVE 2022 Charles - Angular Remote Conf Dany – Enjoys comparing NBA players to Angular developers Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/adventures_in_ml/moving-from-dev-notebooks-to-production-code-ml-098#main-content | Moving from Dev Notebooks to Production Code - ML 098 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Adventures in Machine Learning Follow Moving from Dev Notebooks to Production Code - ML 098 Dec 22 '22 play In this week's episode we meet with Mike Arov, committer to the MLOps tool framework lineapy. From the benefits of notebooks as development tooling for Data Science work to the complex refactoring needed to convert them to production-capable code bases, our conversation dives deep into the generally under-represented bridge tooling of code base conversions. On YouTube Moving from Dev Notebooks to Production Code - ML 098 Sponsors Chuck's Resume Template Developer Book Club starting with Clean Architecture by Robert C. Martin Become a Top 1% Dev with a Top End Devs Membership Links Is There a Way to Bridge the MLOps Tools Gap? - KDnuggets Lineapy.org Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands Privacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/hb/react-vs-vue-vs-angular-vs-svelte-1fdm#vue | React vs Vue vs Angular vs Svelte - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Henry Boisdequin Posted on Nov 29, 2020 React vs Vue vs Angular vs Svelte # react # vue # angular # svelte In this article, I'm going to cover which of the top Javascript frontend frameworks: React, Vue, Angular, or Svelte is the best at certain factors and which one is the best for you. There are going to be 5 factors which we are going to look at: popularity, community/resources, performance, learning curve, and real-world examples. Before diving into any of these factors, let's take a look at what these frameworks are. 🔵 React Developed By : Facebook Open-source : Yes Licence : MIT Licence Initial Release : March 2013 Github Repo : https://github.com/facebook/react Description : React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. Pros : Easy to learn and use Component-based: reusable code Performant and fast Large community Cons : JSX is required Poor documentation 🟢 Vue Developed By : Evan You Open-source : Yes Licence : MIT Licence Initial Release : Feburary 2014 Github Repo : https://github.com/vuejs/vue Description : Vue.js is a progressive, incrementally-adoptable JavaScript framework for building UI on the web. Pros : Performant and fast Component-based: reusable code Easy to learn and use Good and intuitive documentation Cons : Fewer resources compared to a framework like React Over flexibility at times 🔴 Angular Developed By : Google Open-source : Yes Licence : MIT Licence Initial Release : September 2016 Github Repo : https://github.com/angular/angular Description : Angular is a development platform for building mobile and desktop web applications using Typescript/JavaScript and other languages. Pros : Fast server performance MVC Architecture implementation Component-based: reusable code Good and intuitive documentation Cons : Steep learning curve Angular is very complex 🟠 Svelte Developed By : Rich Harris Open-source : Yes Licence : MIT Licence Initial Release : November 2016 Github Repo : https://github.com/sveltejs/svelte Description : Svelte is a new way to build web applications. It's a compiler that takes your declarative components and converts them into efficient JavaScript that surgically updates the DOM. Pros : No virtual DOM Truly reactive Easy to learn and use Component-based: reusable code Cons : Small community Confusion in variable names and syntax The 1st Factor: Popularity All of these options are extremely popular and are used by loads of developers. I'm going to compare these 4 frameworks in google trends, NPM trends, and the Stackoverflow 2020 survey results to see which one is the most popular. Note: Remember that popularity doesn't mean it has the largest community and resources. Google Trends Google trends measures the number of searches for a certain topic. Let's have a look at the results: Note: React is blue, Angular is red, Svelte is gold, Vue is green. The image above contains the trends for these 4 frontend frameworks over the past 5 years. As you can see, Angular and React are by far the most searched, with React being searched more than Angular. While Vue sits in the middle, Svelte is the clear least searched framework. Although Google Trends gives us the number of search results, it may be a bit deceiving so lets of on to NPM trends. NPM Trends NPM Trends is a tool created by John Potter, used to compare NPM packages popularity. This measures how many times a certain NPM package was downloaded. As you can see, React is clearly the most popular in terms of NPM package downloads. Angular and Vue are very similar on the chart, with them going back and forth while Svelte sits at the bottom once again. Stackoverflow 2020 Survey In February of 2020, close to 65 thousand developers filled out the Stackoverflow survey. This survey is the best in terms of what the actual developer community uses, loves, dreads, and wants. Above is the info for the most popular web frameworks. As you can see React and Angular are 2nd and 3rd but React still has a monumental lead. Vue sits happily in the middle but Svelte is nowhere to be seen. Above are the results for the most loved web frameworks. As you can see, React is still 2nd and this time Vue sits in 3rd. Angular is in the middle of the bunch, but yet again Svelte is not there. Note: Angular.js is not Angular Above are the most dreaded web frameworks. As you can see React and Vue are towards the bottom (which is good) while Angular is one of the most dreaded web frameworks. This is because React and Vue developers tend to make fun of Angular, mostly because of its predecessor Angular.js . Svelte is not on this list which is good for the framework. Explaining Svelte's "Bad" Results Some may say that Svelte performed poorly compared to the other 3 frameworks in this category. You would be right. Svelte is the new kid on the block, not many people are using it or know about it. Think of React, Vue, or Angular in their early stages: that's what Svelte is currently. Most of these frontend frameworks comparisons are between React, Vue, or Angular but since I think that Svelte is promising, I wanted to include it in this comparison. Most of the other factors, Svelte is ranking quite highly in. Wrapping up the 1st Factor: Popularity From the three different trends/surveys, we can conclude that React is the most popular out of the three but with Vue and Angular just behind. Popularity: React Angular Vue Svelte Note: it was very hard to choose between Angular and Vue since they are very close together but I think Angular just edges out Vue in the present day. The 2nd Factor: Community & Resources This factor will be about which framework has the best community and resources. This is a crucial factor as this helps you learn the technology and get help when you are stuck. We are going to be looking at the courses available and the community size behind these frameworks. Let's jump right into it! React React has a massive amount of resources and community members behind it. Firstly, they have a Spectrum chat which usually has around 200 developers looking to help you online. Also, they have a massive amount of Stackoverflow developers looking to help you. There are 262,951 Stackoverflow questions on React, one of the most active Stackoverflow tags. React also has a bunch of resources and tutorials. If you search up React tutorial there will be countless tutorials waiting for you. Here are my recommended React tutorials for getting started: Free: https://youtu.be/4UZrsTqkcW4 Paid: https://www.udemy.com/course/complete-react-developer-zero-to-mastery/ Vue Vue also has loads of resources and a large community but not as large as React. Vue has a Gitter chat with over 19,000 members. In addition, they have a massive Stackoverflow community with 68,778 questions. Where Vue really shines is its resources. Vue has more resources than I could imagine. Here are my recommended Vue tutorials for getting started: Free: https://youtu.be/e-E0UB-YDRk Paid: https://www.udemy.com/course/vuejs-2-the-complete-guide/ Angular Angular has a massive community. Their Gitter chat has over 22,489 people waiting to help you. Also, their Stackoverflow questions asked is over 238,506. Like React and Vue, Angular has a massive amount of resources to help you learn the framework. A downfall to these resources is that most of them are outdated (1-2 years old) but you can still find some great tutorials. Here are my recommended Angular tutorials for getting started: Free: https://youtu.be/Fdf5aTYRW0E Paid: https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-guide-to-angular-2/ Svelte Svelte has a growing community yet still has many quality tutorials and resources. An awesome guide to Svelte and their community is here: https://svelte-community.netlify.app . They have a decent Stackoverflow community with over 1,300 questions asked. Also, they have an awesome Discord community with over 1,500 members online on average. Svelte has a lot of great tutorials and resources, despite it only coming on to the world stage quite recently. Here are my recommended Svelte tutorials for getting started: Free: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zojEMeQGGHs&list=PL4cUxeGkcC9hlbrVO_2QFVqVPhlZmz7tO Paid: https://www.udemy.com/course/sveltejs-the-complete-guide/ Wrapping up the 2nd Factor: Community & Resources From just looking at the Stackoverflow community and the available resources, we can conclude that all of these 4 frameworks have a massive community and available resources. Community & Resources: React Vue & Angular* Svelte *I really couldn't decide between the two! The 3rd Factor: Performance In this factor, I will be going over which of these frameworks are the most performant. There are going to be three main components to this factor: speed test, startup test, and the memory allocation test. I will be using this website to compare the speed of all frameworks. Speed Test This test will compare each of the frameworks in a set of tasks and find out the speed of which they complete them. Let's have a look at the results. As you can see, just by the colours that Svelte and Vue are indeed the most performant in this category. This table has the name of the actions on one side and the results on the other. At the bottom of the table, we can see something called slowdown geometric mean. Slowdown geometric mean is an indicator of overall performance and speed by a framework. From this, we can conclude that this category ranking: Vue - 1.17 slowdown geometric mean Svelte - 1.19 slowdown geometric mean React & Angular - 1.27 slowdown geometric mean Startup Test The startup test measures how long it takes for one of these frameworks to "startup". Let's see the table. As you can see, Svelte is the clear winner. For every single one of these performance tests, Svelte is blazing fast (if you want to know how Svelte does this, move to the "Why is Svelte so performant?" section). From these results, we can create this category ranking. Svelte Vue React Angular Memory Test The memory test sees which framework takes up the least amount of memory for the same test. Let's jump into the results. Similarly to the startup test, Svelte is clearly on top. Vue and React are quite similar while Angular (once again) is the least performant. From this, we can derive this category ranking. Svelte Vue React Angular Why is Svelte so performant? TL;DR: No Virtual DOM Compiled to just JS Small bundles Before looking at why Svelte is how performant, we need to understand how Svelte works. Svelte is not compiled to JS, HTML, and CSS files. You might be thinking: what!? But that's right, instead of doing that it compiles highly optimized JS files. This means that the application needs no dependencies to start and it's blazing fast. This way no virtual DOM is needed. Your components are compiled to Javascript and the DOM doesn't need to update. Also, it also takes up little memory as it complies in highly optimized, small bundles of Javascript. Wrapping up the 3rd Factor: Performance Svelte made a huge push in this factor, blowing away the others! From the three categories, let's rank these frameworks in terms of performance. Svelte Vue React Angular The 4th Factor: Learning Curve In this factor, we will be looking at how long and how easy it is to be able to build real-world (frontend-only) applications. This is one of the most important factors if you are looking to get going with this framework quickly. Let's dive right into it. React React is super easy to learn. React almost takes no time to learn, I would even say if you are proficient at Javascript and HTML, you can learn the basics in a day. Since we are looking about how long it takes to build a real-world project, this is the list of things you need to learn: How React works JSX State Props Main Hooks useState useEffect useRef useMemo Components NPM, Bebel, Webpack, ES6+ Functional Components vs Class Components React Router Create React App, Next.js, or Gatsby Optional but recommended: Redux, Recoil, Zustand, or Providers Vue In my opinion, Vue takes a bit more time than React to build a real project. With a bit of work, you could learn the Vue fundamentals in less than 3 days. Although Vue takes longer to learn, it is definitely one of the fastest popular Javascript frameworks to learn. Here is the list of things you need to learn: How Vue Works .vue files NPM, Bebel, Webpack, ES6+ State management Vuex Components create-vue-app/Vue CLI Vue Router Declarative Rendering Conditionals and Loops Vue Instance Vue Shorthands Optional: Nuxt.js, Vuetify, NativeScript-Vue Angular Angular is a massive framework, much larger than any other in this comparison. This may be why Angular is not as performant as other frameworks such as React, Svelte, or Vue. To learn the basics of Angular, it could take a week or more. Here are the things you need to learn to build a real-world app in Angular: How Angular Works Typescript Data Types Defining Types Type Inference Interfaces Union Types Function type definitions Two-way data binding Dependency Injection Components Routing NPM, Bebel, Webpack, ES6+ Directives Templates HTTP Client Svelte One could argue that Svelte is the easiest framework to learn in this comparison. I would agree with that. Svelte's syntax is very similar to an HTML file. I would say that you could learn the Svelte basics in a day. Here are the things you need to learn to build a real-world app in Svelte: How Svelte Works .svelte files NPM, Bebel, Webpack, ES6+ Reactivity Props If, Else, Else ifs/Logic Events Binding Lifecycle Methods Context API State in Svelte Svelte Routing Wrapping up the 4th Factor: Learning Curve All these frameworks (especially Vue, Svelte, and React) are extremely easy to learn, very much so when one is already proficient with Javascript and HTML. Let's rank these technologies in terms of their learning curve! (ordered in fastest to learn to longest to learn) Svelte React Vue Angular The 5th Factor: Real-world examples In this factor, the final factor, we will be looking at some real-world examples of apps using that particular framework. At the end of this factor, the technologies won't be ranking but it's up to you to see which of these framework's syntax and way of doing things you like best. Let's dive right into it! React Top 5 Real-world companies using React : Facebook, Instagram, Whatsapp, Yahoo!, Netflix Displaying "Hello World" in React : import React from ' react ' ; function App () { return ( < div > Hello World </ div > ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Vue Top 5 Real-world companies using Vue : NASA, Gitlab, Nintendo, Grammarly, Adobe Displaying "Hello World" in Vue : < template > <h1> Hello World </h1> </ template > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Angular Top 5 Real-world companies using Angular : Google, Microsoft, Deutsche Bank, Forbes, PayPal Displaying "Hello World" in Angular : import { Component } from ' @angular/core ' ; @ Component ({ selector : ' my-app ' , template : &lt;h1&gt;Hello World&lt;/h1&gt; , }) export class AppComponent ; Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Svelte Top 5 Real-world companies using Svelte : Alaska Air, Godaddy, Philips, Spotify, New York Times Displaying "Hello World" in Svelte : <h1> Hello world </h1> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Wrapping up the 5th Factor: Real-world Examples Wow! Some huge companies that we use on a daily basis use the frameworks that we use. This shows that all of these frameworks can be used to build apps as big as these household names. Also, the syntax of all of these frameworks is extremely intuitive and easy to learn. You can decide which one you like best! Conculsion I know, you're looking for a ranking of all of these frameworks. It really depends but to fulfil your craving for a ranking, I'll give you my personal opinion : Svelte React Vue Angular This would be my ranking but based on these 5 factors, choose whichever framework you like best and feel yourself coding every day in, all of them are awesome. I hope that you found this article interesting and maybe picked a new framework to learn (I'm going to learn Svelte)! Please let me know which frontend framework you use and why you use it. Thanks for reading! Henry Top comments (47) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand stefanovualto stefanovualto stefanovualto Follow Joined Feb 5, 2018 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Hi Henry, I mostly agree with the point 1,2,3. But point 4 is subjective depending on your background and previous knowledge. To improve your post, you should add a note explaining what's your background. Finally point 5 are not similar at all. The vue example is a complete page using a reactive property. Anyway as @johnpapa said in a talk, you can achieve almost the same result with any framework, pick the one which feels right for you... :) Like comment: Like comment: 13 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Yes, I agree with you! I would recommend anyone to learn the framework which feels right for you. For the Vue example, I'm not an expert at Vue and don't know a better way to do it (if you have a smaller, more concise 'hello world' example, please comment it). I will definitely work an a 'what's my background section'. To explain it know: I've been using React in all my web dev projects. I have basic knowledge of Vue, Angular, and Svelte. After looking at these 5 factors, I plan to use Svelte for my coming projects. Thanks, @stefanovualto for the feedback! Like comment: Like comment: 8 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Christopher Wray Christopher Wray Christopher Wray Follow Email chris@sol.company Location Pasco, WA Education Western Governors University Work Senior Software Engineer at Soltech Joined Jan 14, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 • Edited on Nov 29 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide In the Vue example you are using data components. For the others just plain html. You could have a Vue component with a template of just the h1 tag and no script. It would look more like the svelte example. Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Thread Thread Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide ✅ Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Thread Thread stefanovualto stefanovualto stefanovualto Follow Joined Feb 5, 2018 • Nov 29 '20 • Edited on Nov 29 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide In your vue example, I think that you should expect to be in a .vue file lik le it seems to be in the others (I mean that you have the whole bundling machinery working under the hood). Then something similar would be: <template> <h1> Hello world! </h1> </template> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Maybe a pro' for vue is that it can be adopted/used progressively without having to rely on building process (which I am assuming are mandatory for react, svelte and maybe angular). What I mean is that your previous example worked, but it wasn't comparable to the others. Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Zen Zen Zen Follow Mahasiswa Psikologi Email muhzaini30@gmail.com Location Samarinda Education Psikologi, TI Work Developer Android at Toko sepeda Sinar Jaya Joined Mar 25, 2019 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I'm usually using Svelte for my projects. Because, it's simple, write less, and get more Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Ryan Carniato Ryan Carniato Ryan Carniato Follow Frontend performance enthusiast and Fine-Grained Reactivity super fan. Author of the SolidJS UI library and MarkoJS Core Team Member. Location Portland, Oregon Education Computer Engineering B.A.Sc, University of British Columbia Work Principal Engineer, Open Source, Netlify Joined Jun 25, 2019 • Dec 3 '20 • Edited on Dec 3 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide A couple thoughts. "Requires JSX" a downside??? I almost stopped reading at that point. Template DSLs are more or less the same. If that's a con, doesn't support JSX could easily be seen as one. There are reasonable arguments for both sides and this shows extreme bias. Vue is "truly reactive" as well. Whatever that means. Your JS Framework Benchmark results are over 2 years old. Svelte and Vue 3 are both out and in the current results. He now publishes them per Chrome version. Here are the latest: krausest.github.io/js-framework-be... . It doesn't change the final positions much, but Svelte and Vue look much more favorable in newer results. If anyone is interested in how those benchmarks work in more detail I suggest reading: dev.to/ryansolid/making-sense-of-t... Like comment: Like comment: 6 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I'm a React dev and it's my favourite framework out of the bunch. When I did some research and asked some other developers when they think of React they think of needing to learn JSX. For something like Svelte, all you need to know is HTML, CSS, and JS. I know that my benchmarks were two years old and I addressed this multiple times before: For the performance factor, I knew that the frameworks were a bit outdated but the general gist stated the same. Svelte 3 was released some time ago and that blows all of the other frameworks out of the water in terms of performance hence Svelte would stay on top. Vue and React are very similar in performance, Vue even says so themselves: vuejs.org/v2/guide/comparison.html. Since, Angular is a massive framework with built-in routing, etc, its performance didn't become better than Vue, React, or Svelte in its newer versions. Thanks for the new benchmark website, I will definitely be using that in the future. Also, I just read your benchmark article and its a good explanation on how these benchmarks work. Thanks for your input. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Ryan Carniato Ryan Carniato Ryan Carniato Follow Frontend performance enthusiast and Fine-Grained Reactivity super fan. Author of the SolidJS UI library and MarkoJS Core Team Member. Location Portland, Oregon Education Computer Engineering B.A.Sc, University of British Columbia Work Principal Engineer, Open Source, Netlify Joined Jun 25, 2019 • Dec 3 '20 • Edited on Dec 3 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Here's the index page where he posts new results as they come up: krausest.github.io/js-framework-be... When I did some research and asked some other developers when they think of React they think of needing to learn JSX. For something like Svelte, all you need to know is HTML, CSS, and JS. Svelte has good marketing clearly. Is this HTML? <label> <input type= "checkbox" bind:checked= {visible} > visible </label> {#if visible} <p transition:fade > Fades in and out </p> {/if} Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Or this HTML? <a @ [event]= "doSomething" > ... </a> <ul id= "example-1" > <li v-for= "item in items" :key= "item.message" > {{ item.message }} </li> </ul> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode How about this? <form onSubmit= {handleSubmit} > <label htmlFor= "new-todo" > What needs to be done? </label> <input id= "new-todo" onChange= {handleChange} value= {text} /> <button> Add #{items.length + 1} </button> </form> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Thread Thread Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide That's why a con of Svelte is its syntax (I added that in my post). This is more explanation to that point: Firstly, for confusion in variable names, I'm talking about how Svelte handles state. Coming from React, state would only be initialized with the useState hook. In Svelte, all the variables you make is state which could be confusing for someone just learning Svelte. Also, for the confusion in syntax, I'm talking about the confusion in logic. For example, if statements in Svelte are different than the usual Javascript if statements which could cause some confusion/more learning time for beginners. There are also other examples of this. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Zen Zen Zen Follow Mahasiswa Psikologi Email muhzaini30@gmail.com Location Samarinda Education Psikologi, TI Work Developer Android at Toko sepeda Sinar Jaya Joined Mar 25, 2019 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide why svelte is not seen in search trend? because, svelte's docs is very easy to new comer in this framework Like comment: Like comment: 7 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I'm not really sure @mzaini30 . A great pro of Svelte is its docs and tutorial on its website. I think in 1-2 years, you are going to see Svelte at least where Vue is in the search trends. Most of the search trends come from developers asking questions like how to fix this error, or how to do this but since not many people use Svelte (compared to the other frameworks) there are not many questions being asked. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Bergamof Bergamof Bergamof Follow Location Bordeaux, France Education 3iL Work Senior Developer at IPPON Technologies Joined Nov 30, 2020 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Sure! Too bad the great Svelte tutorial was not mentioned. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Thread Thread Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It's a great tutorial, but I decided to just add video tutorials. In the community factor, I give a link to the Svelte community website which features that tutorial! Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Follow Writing code for 35+ years and still enjoy it... Location Krakow, Poland Work Senior Software Engineer Joined Mar 14, 2019 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Sad that Solid not even mentioned, although it's the one of the best performing frameworks. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I've never actually heard of solid. I'll check it out! Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Follow Writing code for 35+ years and still enjoy it... Location Krakow, Poland Work Senior Software Engineer Joined Mar 14, 2019 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Well, author of the Solid is even commented in this topic. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Thread Thread Ryan Carniato Ryan Carniato Ryan Carniato Follow Frontend performance enthusiast and Fine-Grained Reactivity super fan. Author of the SolidJS UI library and MarkoJS Core Team Member. Location Portland, Oregon Education Computer Engineering B.A.Sc, University of British Columbia Work Principal Engineer, Open Source, Netlify Joined Jun 25, 2019 • Dec 16 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide To be fair, performance is only one area and arguably the least important. Even if Solid completely dominates across the board in all things performance by a considerable margin, we have a long way before popularity, community, or realworld usage really makes it worth even being in a comparison of this nature. But I appreciate the sentiment. Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Thread Thread Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Follow Writing code for 35+ years and still enjoy it... Location Krakow, Poland Work Senior Software Engineer Joined Mar 14, 2019 • Dec 16 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Well, good performance across the board usually is a clear sign of high technical quality of design and implementation. Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand dallgoot dallgoot dallgoot Follow Location France Joined Oct 3, 2017 • Jan 2 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I don't want to start a flamewar but i see a trend where React is considered the -only- viable framework and -some- people reacting like religious zealots against any critics because "it's the best ! it's made by Facebook!" React is too hyped IMHO. Svelte is a a true innovation. And yes performance matters. Angular and Vue may lose traction with time... i think... i fail to see their distinctive useful points. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Jan 2 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I completely agree with you. Most React devs now will not try any other framework and just make fun of the others. I completely agree that React is too hyped. Unfortunately, as you stated, Angular and Vue are losing some traction. I also agree with you that Svelte is a true innovation, this is why I put Svelte at number 1! For 2021, I will focus on using Svelte. Thanks for reading! Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Sylvain Simao Sylvain Simao Sylvain Simao Follow Building kuizto.co 🥦🍄🥔🥕 • Fractional CTO sylvainsimao.com • Prev CTO at Travis, Tech Director at ClemengerBBDO • Love building for the web! Location Brisbane, Australia Work Founder at kuizto.co Joined Mar 7, 2019 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide React with a smaller learning curve than Vue.js 🤔 Like comment: Like comment: 5 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Dec 3 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide They were very tight but I would say that React has a smaller learning curve as its more intuitive and has easier syntax than Vue. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Sylvain Simao Sylvain Simao Sylvain Simao Follow Building kuizto.co 🥦🍄🥔🥕 • Fractional CTO sylvainsimao.com • Prev CTO at Travis, Tech Director at ClemengerBBDO • Love building for the web! Location Brisbane, Australia Work Founder at kuizto.co Joined Mar 7, 2019 • Dec 4 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Sorry @hb , you've decided to go on a touchy subject by writing this article! I will have to disagree with you on that point. I think it's perfectly okay to prefer using React. There are many reasons why it is a good choice. However, an easy learning curve isn't part of it. Just so there is no ambiguity, after having used all the Frameworks from this article - my choice goes towards Vue.js and Svelte, but I'll try to remain as objective as possible. 1) According to the State of JS survey 2018 (not using 2019, because that same question wasn't part of last year's survey). From 20,268 developers interrogated, the number #1 argument about Vue.js is an easy learning curve. For React it comes at position #11 (top 3 beings: elegant programming style, rick package ecosystem, and well-established): 2018.stateofjs.com/front-end-frame... 2018.stateofjs.com/front-end-frame... 2) Main reason why Vue.js is labelled "The Progressive JavaScript Framework", is because it is progressive to implement and to learn. Before you can get started with React, you need to know about JSX and build systems. On the other end, Vue.js can be used just by dropping a single script tag into your page and using plain HTML and CSS. This makes a huge difference in terms of approachability of the Framework. 3) Maybe less objective on this one - but from my own professional experience with both Frameworks and leading teams of developers - it usually takes Junior Developers almost twice the time to become proficient with React than with Vue.js. Firstly because of what I mentioned in point number 2. Secondly, because React has few abstraction leaks that makes performance optimisation something developers have to deal with themselves (using memoize hooks). It's a concept that is hard to understand, but essentials if working on large applications. Thirdly, because of the documentation (as you mentioned in your article). And lastly because of the fragmented ecosystem of libraries that can quickly be overwhelming for Junior Devs. Again, I think there are a lot of reasons why React can be a good choice. But not because of the learning curve. Like comment: Like comment: 5 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Thorsten Hirsch Thorsten Hirsch Thorsten Hirsch Follow Joined Feb 5, 2017 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Angular 6? Well, they just released version 11 and there was the switch to Ivy since version 6, so what about a more recent benchmark? And looking at the Google trends chart I wonder why all 3 (React/Angular/Vue) lost quite a bit of their popularity during the past months... any new kid on the block? It's obviously not Svelte, which could hardly benefit from the others' losses. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide For the performance factor, I knew that the frameworks were a bit outdated but the general gist stated the same. Svelte 3 was released some time ago and that blows all of the other frameworks out of the water in terms of performance hence Svelte would stay on top. Vue and React are very similar in performance, Vue even says so themselves: vuejs.org/v2/guide/comparison.html . Since, Angular is a massive framework with built-in routing, etc, its performance didn't become better than Vue, React, or Svelte in its newer versions. For the search results, they are unpredictable. To my knowledge, there is no new kid on the block in terms of frontend Javascript frameworks. If anything, more people are using Web Assembly. As you can see from the search results graph, it goes up and down, changing all the time. Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Shriji Shriji Shriji Follow Co-Founder @anoram. High-Performance JavaScript Apps. Location Canada Work DevOps at Anoram Joined May 31, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Also, it would be great if you could give a little explanation of this point Confusion in variable names and syntax Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Firstly, for confusion in variable names, I'm talking about how Svelte handles state. Coming from React, state would only be initialized with the useState hook. In Svelte, all the variables you make is state which could be confusing for someone just learning Svelte. Also, for the confusion in syntax, I'm talking about the confusion in logic. For example, if statements in Svelte are different than the usual Javascript if statements which could cause some confusion/more learning time for beginners. There are also other examples of this. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Shriji Shriji Shriji Follow Co-Founder @anoram. High-Performance JavaScript Apps. Location Canada Work DevOps at Anoram Joined May 31, 2020 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It makes syntax simpler TBH. React isn't even a direct comparison to Svelte. The only syntax that users will get accustomed to is $ assignments. Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Shriji Shriji Shriji Follow Co-Founder @anoram. High-Performance JavaScript Apps. Location Canada Work DevOps at Anoram Joined May 31, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide You forgot to mention that Svelte has a great discord :) Like comment: Like comment: 5 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Nov 29 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I just had a look at it, a great tool! I'll add it to the post! Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Nikola Nikola Nikola Follow Work Angular developer at Cinnamon Agency Joined Jan 21, 2020 • Nov 30 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Angular con: it is complex? what.... Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Nathan Cai Nathan Cai Nathan Cai Follow A JavaScript one trick pony who loves to code. I live and breath NodeJS, currently learning React and Angular. Location Toronto, Ontario, Canada Education High School Work Back End Developer at Ensemble Education Joined Jun 18, 2020 • Dec 1 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Learning Angular is actually no that bad until RXJS comes in Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Email boisdequinhenry19@gmail.com Joined Oct 12, 2020 • Dec 1 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide You need to learn Typescript Smart/Dumb Components One-way Dataflow and Immutability And much more It's much more complex and harder to understand than the other frameworks on this list. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Nikola Nikola Nikola Follow Work Angular developer at Cinnamon Agency Joined Jan 21, 2020 • Dec 1 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide learn typescript? You mean to start writing it... it's easy and intuitive, I'm writing Angular, React, and Node code only in typescript. Smart/Dumb Components? I really don't understand what is this referred to? Angular has two-way data biding, and even easier data passing to the child and back to the parent. And of course, it has more features, its framework, React is more like a library compared to Angular. Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Thread Thread Hanster Hanster Hanster Follow Joined Oct 19, 2021 • Oct 19 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I fully agree. Comparing framework e.g angular against library e.g react, is like comparing a smart tv against a traditional tv. Of course smart tv is more challenging to learn it's usage, not because it's lousy, but it has more features beyond watching tv. Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (47 comments) Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Henry Boisdequin Follow Programmer x Swimmer | React Dev, Machine Learning Enthusiast, Rustacean Joined Oct 12, 2020 More from Henry Boisdequin Weekly Update #1 - 10th Jan 2021 # devjournal # rust # typescript # svelte The 6 Month Web Development Mastery Plan in 2020 — For Free # webdev # react # javascript # programming 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/anand12/15-recommended-books-for-computer-science-students#main-content | 15 Recommended Books For Computer Science Students - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close #WithAnand Follow 15 Recommended Books For Computer Science Students May 12 '22 play We are in the modern world where the digitization of education is already going on. Now lots of blogs, articles are there on the internet to learn from. But Book has its own value, the author puts his all knowledge experience and time to write one whole book. The knowledge and details you get from a book are very precious. Read Blog📖 Twitter💌 Voice Message🎙️ Buy Me a Coffee❤️ Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/security#main-content | Reporting Vulnerabilities to dev.to - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Reporting Vulnerabilities to dev.to Important Update: Changes to Our Bug Bounty Program We regret to announce we will be suspending our bug bounty reward program effective immediately. Due to time constraints in managing this program ourselves, we are not in a position to keep the program in-house. We are exploring other options, but do not have a timeline for a re-launch. While we are no longer able to offer monetary rewards at this time, we still highly value the security community's input and encourage you to continue reporting any vulnerabilities you may discover. Please send your findings to security@dev.to , and we will diligently investigate all reports. We remain committed to acknowledging significant contributions through our security hall of fame. We hope to launch a new reward program in the future. Your understanding and continued support in maintaining the security of our systems are deeply appreciated. Security Guidelines and Etiquette Please read and follow these guidelines prior to sending in any reports. 1. Do not test vulnerabilities in public. We ask that you do not attempt any vulnerabilities, rate-limiting tests, exploits, or any other security/bug-related findings if it will impact another community member. This means you should not leave comments on someone else’s post, send them messages via Connect, or otherwise, impact their experience on the platform. Note that we are open source and have documentation available if you're interested in setting up a dev environment for the purposes of testing. 2. Do not report similar issues or variations of the same issue in different reports. Please report any similar issues in a single report. 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https://dev.to/adventures_in_ml/navigating-authority-and-transparency-in-organizations-ml-142#main-content | Navigating Authority and Transparency in Organizations - ML 142 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Adventures in Machine Learning Follow Navigating Authority and Transparency in Organizations - ML 142 Feb 22 '24 play Ben and Michael dive into the complex world of decision-making, transparency, and truth-seeking in professional settings. They share their insights on challenging decisions, navigating organizational hierarchies, and the importance of evidence-based arguments. From the intricacies of software development to the dynamics of leadership, they discuss the challenges and strategies for making informed decisions and seeking truth within organizations. Whether you're a tech lead, director, or aspiring leader, this episode offers valuable perspectives on humility, empathy, and effective communication in the fast-paced world of technology. Sponsors Chuck's Resume Template Developer Book Club starting Become a Top 1% Dev with a Top End Devs Membership Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands Privacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/research-centers/center-for-government-insights/whole-of-government.html?icid=disidenav_whole-of-government | Whole of Government | Deloitte Insights Please enable JavaScript to view the site. Skip to main content --> Deloitte Insights and our research centers deliver proprietary research designed to help organizations turn their aspirations into action. 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For personalized content and settings, go to your My Deloitte Dashboard Latest Insights What do organizations need most in a disrupted, boundaryless age? More imagination. Article • 16-min read Recommendations TMT Predictions 2026: The AI gap narrows but persists Article • 9-min read About Deloitte Insights About Deloitte Insights Deloitte Insights Magazine, issue 33 Magazine Topics for you Business Strategy & Growth Leadership Operations Technology Workforce Economics Watch & Listen Dbriefs Stay informed on the issues impacting your business with Deloitte's live webcast series. Gain valuable insights and practical knowledge from our specialists while earning CPE credits. Deloitte Insights Videos Stay informed with content built for today’s business leaders. From data visualizations to expert commentary, our video content delivers concise, actionable information to help you lead with clarity in a complex world. 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We produce cutting-edge research that guides public officials, crystalizing essential insights in an easy-to-absorb format. Through research, forums, and immersive workshops, our goal is to provide fresh insights that advance an understanding of what is possible in government transformation. Learn more Get in touch with our research team William D. Eggers Executive director | Deloitte Center for Government Insights William D. Eggers Executive director | Deloitte Center for Government Insights United States William Eggers is the executive director of Deloitte’s Center for Government Insights, where he is responsible for the firm’s public sector thought leadership. His most recent book is Delivering on Digital: The Innovators and Technologies that Are Transforming Government (Deloitte University Press, 2016). His other books include The Solution Revolution , the Washington Post best-seller If We Can Put a Man on the Moon , and Governing by Network . He coined the term Government 2.0 in a book by the same name. His commentary has appeared in dozens of major media outlets including the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post . weggers@deloitte.com +1 571 882 6585 Dave Noone Researcher and chief of staff Dave Noone Researcher and chief of staff United States Dave is a senior manager in the Research and Insights group of Deloitte Services LP. He works with governments and universities to better understand and implement emerging technologies and business models that can address their most pressing challenges. Prior to this role, he spent nine years with Deloitte Consulting LLP leading organizational assessment and transformation projects. dnoone@deloitte.com +1 212 313 1757 John O'Leary Research leader | State and local government John O'Leary Research leader | State and local government United States John O’Leary is a senior manager with Deloitte Services LP and is the state and local government research leader for the Deloitte Center for Government Insights. Prior to joining Deloitte, he served as the vice president of communications and executive reporting with State Street Bank. O’Leary previously served in multiple senior leadership roles for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and was a distinguished research fellow at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. He is the co-author of the 2009 Washington Post bestseller, If We Can Put a Man on the Moon . jpoleary@deloitte.com +1 617 437 3576 Adam Routh Defense research lead | Deloitte Center for Government Insights Adam Routh Defense research lead | Deloitte Center for Government Insights United States Adam Routh is a manager with Deloitte’s Center for Government Insights. His research areas include space policy, the future of defense, and great power competition. Routh’s research has addressed US national space policy, space governance, the challenges and requirements of the future military force, and emerging technologies. His analysis has been featured on the nightly news and the John Batchelor Show and published in The National Review , The Hill , The National Interest , Space News , The Space Review , Real Clear Defense , and Defense News , among other outlets. adrouth@deloitte.com Bruce Chew Managing director, Monitor Deloitte | Deloitte Consulting LLP Bruce Chew Managing director, Monitor Deloitte | Deloitte Consulting LLP United States Bruce Chew is the federal research leader for the Deloitte Center for Government Insights and a managing director with Monitor Deloitte, Deloitte Consulting LLP’s strategy service line. For more than 30 years, his research and client work has focused on helping established organizations respond effectively and strategically to disruption and change. brchew@deloitte.com +1 617 437 3526 Amrita Datar Research manager | Future of work Amrita Datar Research manager | Future of work Canada Amrita Datar is a research manager at the Deloitte Center for Government Insights, where she leads research and thought leadership on the future of work and workforce issues. Her work focuses on emerging trends at the intersection of technology, business, and society and how they impact public sector organizations. amdatar@deloitte.ca +1 416 643 8908 Tiffany Fishman Senior manager, Deloitte Center for Government Insights Tiffany Fishman Senior manager, Deloitte Center for Government Insights United States Tiffany Fishman is a senior manager with the Deloitte Center for Government Insights. Her research and client work focuses on how emerging issues in technology, business, and society will impact organizations. tfishman@deloitte.com +1 571 882 6247 Alison Muckle Egizi Research manager | Healthcare Alison Muckle Egizi Research manager | Healthcare United States Alison Muckle Egizi leads health policy research for the Center for Government Insights. Her work focuses on key health policy issues facing federal, state, and local health agencies. She brings 15 years of experience in research and initiatives focused on promoting optimal population health and well-being through health system transformation, collaborative innovation, place-based change, and investments in social drivers of health. Her work has informed federal, state, and local health policies and programs. amuckle@deloitte.com Joe Mariani Senior research manager, Center for Government Insights | Deloitte Consulting LLP Joe Mariani Senior research manager, Center for Government Insights | Deloitte Consulting LLP United States Joe Mariani is a senior research manager with Deloitte’s Center for Government Insights. His research focuses on innovation and technology adoption for both national security organizations and commercial businesses. His previous work includes experience as a consultant to the defense and intelligence industries, high school science teacher, and Marine Corps intelligence officer. jmariani@deloitte.com +1 312 486 2150 Mahesh Kelkar Research Leader | Future of cities Mahesh Kelkar Research Leader | Future of cities India Mahesh Kelkar is the Future of Cities research leader for the Deloitte Center for Government Insights. His research focuses on understanding the impact of technology, innovation, and policy on the future of cities. He closely tracks the federal and state government sectors and conducts in-depth research on the intersection of technology with government operations, policies, and decision-making. His other research focus areas include trust in government, digital equity, digital connectivity, transportation, and government trends. mkelkar@deloitte.com +1 678 299 7142 My Deloitte Subscribe to receive personalized content Don't miss out on the information you need to lead. Subscribe today. Sign up Already joined? Log in Deloitte Insights and our research centers deliver proprietary research designed to help organizations turn their aspirations into action. 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https://docs.github.com/en/copilot/how-tos/use-copilot-agents/coding-agent | GitHub Copilot coding agent - GitHub Docs Skip to main content GitHub Docs Version: Free, Pro, & Team Search or ask Copilot Search or ask Copilot Select language: current language is English Search or ask Copilot Search or ask Copilot Open menu Open Sidebar GitHub Copilot / How-tos / Use Copilot agents / Coding agent Home GitHub Copilot Get started Quickstart What is GitHub Copilot? 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These articles provide how-to information for using Copilot coding agent. For an overview of Copilot coding agent, see the articles under Concepts for GitHub Copilot coding agent . Asking GitHub Copilot to create a pull request You can ask Copilot to create a pull request from many places, including GitHub Issues, the agents panel, Copilot Chat, the GitHub CLI, and agentic coding tools and IDEs with Model Context Protocol (MCP) support. Asking GitHub Copilot to make changes to an existing pull request You can ask Copilot to make changes to an existing pull request created by a human by mentioning @copilot . Tracking GitHub Copilot's sessions You can use the agents panel or page, Visual Studio Code, JetBrains IDEs, Eclipse, the GitHub CLI, Raycast and session logs to track Copilot's progress and understand its approach. Reviewing a pull request created by GitHub Copilot After Copilot creates a pull request, you should review it. 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Report Abuse Benoit Ruiz Posted on May 4, 2022 Data immutability # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Demystifying Functional Programming (8 Part Series) 1 Introduction 2 What is Functional Programming? ... 4 more parts... 3 Why should we learn and use FP? 4 Function composition and higher-order function 5 Declarative vs imperative 6 Side effects 7 Function purity and referential transparency 8 Data immutability Table of contents Introduction Characteristics of data immutability Summary Introduction Data immutability is a concept that applies to values that are created once, and cannot be modified afterwards. Values are in read-only mode, frozen in time. If we want to change a value, we have to create a copy of it, then change this copy. The newly created value becomes immutable in turn, thus carrying this read-only property. Data immutability comes in direct opposition to data mutability. A mutable value is in read-write mode, i.e. it can be altered by anyone, at any time. An example of a mutable value could be an instance of a class whose methods change the value of its properties: class User { constructor ( private name : string ) {} setName ( newName : string ): void { this . name = newName } getName (): string { return this . name } } const user = new User ( ' Bob ' ) console . log ( user . getName ()) // "Bob" user . setName ( ' Henri ' ) console . log ( user . getName ()) // "Henri" Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The fact that a property may change in time makes the code less predictable , and harder to understand, test, and debug. Mutability does not only apply to imperative paradigms such as Object-Oriented Programming. We could use code that looks functional, and still have mutability: interface User { name : string } function setName ( user : User , newName : string ): User { user . name = newName return user } const user : User = { name : ' Bob ' } console . log ( user . name ) // "Bob" const newUser = setName ( ' Henri ' ) console . log ( user . name , user === newUser ) // "Henri", true Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Note that in both cases, we used const to declare the user variable, though we were still able to mutate their name property. In JavaScript, the const keyword ensures that we cannot assign a new value to the variable, but the value inside the variable can be changed, as long as it is not a primitive type such as string , number , or boolean . Here, user is an object, i.e. a non-primitive type, so we can freely mutate its properties. There are no exceptions thrown by the compiler at compile time, nor by the JavaScript engine at runtime. There are ways to ensure immutability at both compile and run times for non-primitive values, though we will not discuss these in this article. In TypeScript/JavaScript specifically, feel free to look for: Immutability in TS, at compile time , using as const , readonly , and Readonly<A> type syntax. Immutability in JS, at runtime , using Object.freeze on both arrays and objects. Immutability in JS, at runtime , using a third-party library such as Immutable.js . Immutability in JS, at runtime , using immutable records and tuples (more on that in the next paragraph). In the latest State of JavaScript 2021, one of the most wanted features in JS that people would like to use is Immutable Data Structures such as Record and Tuple . The JavaScript Records & Tuples Proposal , which is currently in stage 2 out of 4, should allow developers to use deeply immutable object-like and array-like structures, using respectively #{ x: 1, y: 2} and #[1, 2, 3] . This shows that people (or at least JS/TS developers) are really interested in data immutability. That being said, we do not need immutability enforced by the language, or a library, to actually write code that deals with immutable values. Data immutability is a matter of not mutating values. Whether these values are technically protected against changes by the compiler/library or not, at the end of the day, it is our responsibility as developers to keep these values unaltered. Data immutability depends on the developers' discipline to not mutate values . We can be helped by technology to enforce this property, but it is not a prerequisite. Though, I would advise using features enforcing immutability as much as possible, as it can be tempting to take shortcuts and mutate values to go faster. Let's see what are the advantages and drawbacks of using immutable data in our programs. The list from the next chapter herafter is non-exhaustive; feel free to share your opinion. Characteristics of data immutability Code is more predictable Once some piece of data has been created, it cannot change anymore. We do not have to worry about changes happening behind our backs. We do not have to search the entire codebase to see if it is safe, or not, to use that particular value. If that value contains the information we need, then we can use it safely. We can let our guard down a little, and relax our defensive programming mindset. Once a value has been verified to contain all the information it should contain, then it is valid indefinitely . There cannot be any surprises, or undesired behavior. When dealing with mutable data though, we have to be extra cautious. Suddenly, our program is filled with conditions and assertions to make sure we are using a value that has the expected shape. Furthermore, the type of a value cannot help us understand where it is used in the timeline of events. A piece of data that changes over time must hold a type that works no matter its state. Thus, we end up using types that are quite generic (e.g. with lots of optional properties), and that are not great at helping us understand what is going on in a specific part of the codebase. Let's take an example. Here is a program representation, where squares are modules, ellipses are mutable values, and arrows are interactions between modules and these values (from value to module = read, from module to value = write): Can you guess what is the order in which these arrows happen? We cannot accurately predict what will be the actual data flow of this program. We can make some guesses or assumptions, for example: A → B → C → D → F → G → I → E → H B → A → F → D → C → I → G → H → E A → B → C → F → D → I → E → H → G If we really want to know the answer, we have to actually read the code, or run the program to find out. Now, let's make these values immutable. In other words, arrows from modules to values (i.e. write operations) are impossible. The modified program looks like this: Here, because the data flows in a linear direction, we can actually have a sense of timeline of events happening in the program. With this information, it is much easier to predict the path that will be taken: In this new illustration: A → B → (C → D → E) On the original one from above: A → B → C → F → D → I → H → E → G Additionally, the type of these values can be defined more accurately. For example, in the left-most module, we know that the green value has the shape {a, b, e} . In other words, we know e is defined and we do not have to make assertions later in the program. From this point and onward, the type is {a, b, e} , and not {a, b, e?} like we had in the original program. Thread-safety As we already mentioned in a previous article , data immutability allows to program with thread-safety baked in. We do not have to worry about race conditions, since we do not mutate any shared state. Reading from a read-only value is multithreading-friendly. Threads may use a local mutable state, as long as this state is not accessed by any other thread. The coordinator is in charge of gathering the results from the threads, then create a new, immutable state based on these results. If we were to implement a program with multiple threads using a shared mutable state, we would have to use complex mechanisms to have the same advantages of using immutable data. Some examples of these mechanisms could be: A granular locking mechanism to safely access some parts of the shared state. These locks should have a timeout mechanism, in case a thread dies unexpectedly, to release the lock and make the resource available again. Another service to listen to transactions, and keep a history of all the state changes, e.g. for audit or compliance purposes. Time Travel Debugging As Microsoft says : Time Travel Debugging (TTD) can help you debug issues easier by letting you "rewind" your debugger session, instead of having to reproduce the issue until you find the bug. A lot of actions in the software have consequences on the state of the program. Let's take a basic example: a "to do list" application. This program exposes a list of tasks to do. We can add, modify, or remove tasks to/from this list, and we can also mark some of these tasks as "done". If we manage to: Save the initial state, e.g. an empty "to do" list After each action, save a snapshot (or copy) of the action performed, the state at that time, and the resulting state following the action Then we can implement Time Travel Debugging quite easily. This allows us to replay the session, step by step, helping us identify which combination of action and state led to a bug, or if something unexpected happened between 2 actions. A nice side effect (not to be confused with side effects ) is that we can very easily implement undo/redo actions. All we have to do is travel back or forward in time, i.e. restore a previous state. If you are familiar with frontend development using TypeScript or JavaScript, then you might have heard about Redux . It is a library for state management, often used with React, whose particularity is to use reducers to update the state of the program. A reducer is a pure function that takes an action and the state as arguments, and returns a new state. We can easily plug a middleware to keep track of every reducer call, allowing us to build a Time Travel Debugging tool, such as Redux DevTools . More memory allocation As a reminder, if we want to change a value, we have to create a copy of it, then apply the changes on that copy. What happens if we have a huge list of values, and we want to add a new element? Or, what happens if we have an object with a lot of depth, and we want to change the value of a deeply-nested property? We have to duplicate the entire value before applying the changes, that is the rule. As a consequence, our program has to run on a device that has more memory than it actually needs to perform correctly. (disclaimer: I guess today's engines are smart enough to make optimizations in this area, but I don't have sufficient knowledge to make such a claim. Feel free to share if you know more about it!) In the majority of cases, the programs we write are used on devices that have a lot of memory. Plus, the engines that run the code have mechanisms such as Garbage Collection, a.k.a GC, to free unused memory up. Unless we need to keep track of previous values (e.g. for Time Travel Debugging, history, auditing...), the previous value that got copied becomes useless, so it can be safely removed from the memory by the GC. However, there are devices where the memory is not that abundant. This is the case for IoT (Internet of Things), or programs run on a Raspberry Pi, or similar. In these cases, immutability may not even be an option for large values. Furthermore, developers' discipline as we mentioned earlier may not even apply: the limited amount of memory may force us to purposely mutate values, as the memory is scarce. May be cumbersome to update deeply-nested values Let's take the following User model: interface User { name : string job : Job } interface Job { title : string company : Company } interface Company { name : string address : Address } interface Address { street : AddressStreet zipCode : string country : string } interface AddressStreet { name : string nb : number special ?: string } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Granted, we could have used a simple string for the company's address, but this is an academic example. Furthermore, people might want to (or are constrained to) use a complex solution to model the address, such as this one. So, keeping data immutability in mind, how would we update the name of the street? We could use the spread operator to rebuild the User object, while applying the change(s) we want: declare const user : User const userWithNewCompanyAddress : User = { ... user , job : { ... user . job , company : { ... user . job . company , address : { ... user . job . company . address , street : { ... user . job . company . address . street , name : ' Awesome avenue ' } } } } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode But wait, you said we had to clone/duplicate the value before altering it. You don't duplicate the whole object here? Indeed. Using the spread operator, we are making shallow copies of every intermediate object. This means that, if user.job.title was an object, then userWithNewCompanyAddress.job.title would be the exact same object (same reference), not a copy of it. Ok then, let's use a solution that truly clones the whole value: declare function deepCopy < A > ( obj : A ): A declare const user : User const clonedUser = deepCopy ( user ) clonedUser . job . company . address . street . name = ' Awesome avenue ' Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode I must admit, I am not fond of this approach: We need some deepCopy utilility function to clone objects (and possibly arrays). It is not very hard to implement if we use pure data: something such as JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj)) should do the trick, although it has its limitations. Nonetheless, such a function is not available in the standard library. [side note] I recently heard about the native structuredClone function to deep-copy an object, though it is only supported on recent browser and Node versions . It has some runtime performance impact. For a single object, it is probably negligeable. Though, what if we iterated over hundreds or thousands of objects that would be more complex than this one? We still have a mutation step, even if it applies on a copy of the initial value. It may feel odd to discourage/forbid mutations, then see this type of lines of code in the codebase. This is why I prefer the first approach: It is a one-shot step: only one value assignment to a variable It preserves the original sub-objects and their properties that are not changed: better memory footprint and less CPU utilization (please, correct me if I am wrong here) However, as you can see, the major drawback is that it is quite verbose if we are changing a deeply-nested value. In the functional world, there is a solution to that: optics . You might see the word "lens" (or "lenses") come up more often than "optics". A lens is a type of optic that, in my experience, is the most used compared to other optics such as iso , prism , or traversal . Without going into too many details, an optic is a composable and pure getter/setter . We might talk about optics in this series later, in a bonus article. For now, here is how we could leverage optics to improve readability in our case, using monocle-ts : import { Lens } from ' monocle-ts ' declare const user : User const companyStreetName = Lens . fromPath < User > ()([ ' job ' , ' company ' , ' address ' , ' street ' , ' name ' ]) const userWithNewCompanyAddress : User = companyStreetName . set ( ' Awesome avenue ' )( user ) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Finally, to demonstrate the power of optics, let's imagine that the company has several addresses, and we would like to change all their street names to lowercase: const newUser = { ... user , job : { ... user . job , company : { ... user . job . company , addresses : user . job . company . addresses . map ( address => ({ ... address , street : { ... address . street , name : address . street . name . toLowerCase () } })) } } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode When we start mixing objects and arrays, it gets messy quite quickly. Using optics, this would become more readable, and more composable as well: import { fromTraversable , Lens , Traversal } from ' monocle-ts ' import { Traversable } from ' fp-ts/Array ' // optic to get the name of the street, from an address const streetNameL = Lens . fromPath < Address > ()([ ' street ' , ' name ' ]) // optic to get an address from a list of addresses const companyAddressesT : Traversal < Address [], Address > = fromTraversable ( Traversable ) < Address > () // optic to get the names of the street, from a list of addresses const companyStreetNamesT : Traversal < Address [], string > = companyAddressesT . composeLens ( streetNameL ) // optic to get the names of the street of the company, from a user const userCompanyStreetNamesT : Traversal < User , string > = Lens . fromPath < User > ()( [ ' job ' , ' company ' , ' addresses ' ] ). composeTraversal ( companyStreetNamesT ) const lowerCaseCompanyStreets : ( u : User ) => User = userCompanyStreetNamesT . modify ( name => name . toLowerCase ()) const newUser = lowerCaseCompanyStreets ( user ) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The most interesting part (and more declarative as well IMO) being: userCompanyStreetNamesT . modify ( name => name . toLowerCase ()) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Immutability syntax may bloat the code The standard library of some languages exposes mutable data structures by default. This is the case in TypeScript, with arrays and objects. This means that, if we want to enforce immutability, we have to use additional syntax, or use data structures imported from a third-party library. In TypeScript, adding keywords such as readonly , as const , and Readonly<> everywhere (on top of existing types) can lead to code that gets more difficult to read and understand. Which one of the following is easier to read? const actions = [ ' a ' , ' b ' , ' c ' ] type Action = ' a ' | ' b ' | ' c ' interface User { name : string actions : Action [] } function makePairs < A , B > ( arr1 : A [], arr2 : B []): [ A , B ][] { if ( arr1 . length !== arr2 . length ) { return [] } return arr1 . reduce ( ( acc , val , index ) => [... acc , [ val , arr2 [ index ]]], [] as [ A , B ][] ) } const user1 : User = { name : ' Bob ' , actions : [ ' a ' , ' a ' , ' c ' ] } const user2 : User = { name : ' Henri ' , actions : [ ' b ' , ' a ' ] } const arr1 : User [] = [ user1 ] const arr2 : User [] = [ user2 ] const res = makePairs ( arr1 , arr2 ) // const res: [User, User][] Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode const actions = [ ' a ' , ' b ' , ' c ' ] as const type Action = ( typeof actions )[ number ] interface User extends Readonly < { name : string actions : readonly Action [] } > {} function makePairs < A extends Readonly < any > , B extends Readonly < any >> ( arr1 : readonly A [], arr2 : readonly B [] ): ReadonlyArray < readonly [ A , B ] > { if ( arr1 . length !== arr2 . length ) { return [] } return arr1 . reduce ( ( acc , val , index ) => [... acc , [ val , arr2 [ index ]]], [] as ReadonlyArray < readonly [ A , B ] > ) } const user1 : User = { name : ' Bob ' , actions : [ ' a ' , ' a ' , ' c ' ] } const user2 : User = { name : ' Henri ' , actions : [ ' b ' , ' a ' ] } const arr1 : readonly User [] = [ user1 ] const arr2 : readonly User [] = [ user2 ] const res = makePairs ( arr1 , arr2 ) // const res: readonly (readonly [User, User])[] Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode I think you will agree with me that the first version is more readable, though less safe. It has 30% fewer characters than the version with immutable types. Again, you might want to rely on developers' discipline and not on the language's syntax to make the code less bloated. Keep in mind that, in a more complex codebase, it could be difficult to see that values (such as arr1 , arr2 or the User objects they contain) could be mutated anywhere, leading to undesired side effects. Using TypeScript syntax or a third-party library could prevent these kinds of effects to occur. As always in our jobs, it is a matter of tradeoff between safety and readability. Maybe some day, TypeScript will release a new compiler option "readonlyByDefault", and a new type operator mutable , that would allow us to use immutable data by default (though the migration of the codebase to this "mode" would be probably painful!). Summary Data immutability is great for many reasons as we have seen in this article. It has some drawbacks, but thankfully they can be mitigated, or they do not apply in the majority of cases. For me, the most important part is the predictability it offers . I think it's great to be able to read a function and be certain that the values it uses cannot be changed anywhere else (e.g. because of some arbitrary event I don't know about). If I want to know how the values are used, I can do the following: If it's not returned by the function, then it means that: Either the value (e.g. of type Foo ) is only used by the function I am currently reading => local scope, I can just focus on this particular function and not worry about the rest, Or it is a global immutable state that will never change, and always have the same type (e.g. Foo ). So I know exactly what the function is able to do with it, or if it needs more information to work properly. If it's returned by the function, then I can search for the places where the function is called, and follow the paths from there to see how the data flows in the program. Plus, it removes a big chunk of lines induced by defensive programming, so the code feels more readable and focuses on the most important parts. In my opinion, following the "breadcrumbs" in a linear way is great for understanding the codebase, and makes debugging the code easier . If we zoom out from the code, we can see that one of the most trending pieces of technology of today, which may revolutionize the World in the near future, uses data immutability: the Blockchain. Additionally, anything that needs some traceability, such as financial operations or database/service accesses, has to implement some kind of ledger or auditing mechanism to better understand (and justify) when something goes wrong. This is only possible with data immutability. Finally, I think the following quote from Archis Gore written on Quora sums up pretty well how to approach this subject in our day-to-day work: Shared state is fine if it is immutable. Mutable state is fine if it is not shared. Thank you for reading this far! In the next article, we will talk about currying, partial application, and tacit programming (also called point-free style). See you next time! Side note: Originally, I wanted to include a "how to deal with mutability" chapter where I would take some typical examples (e.g. global mutable state, object instance whose properties are partially defined) and try to make them immutable. Though, I didn't anticipate that I would write so much in the characteristics chapter! So, I decided not to write another chapter here. Let me know if you would be interested though, and I might write another article specifically for this! :) Photo by Xavi Cabrera on Unsplash . Pictures made with Excalidraw . Demystifying Functional Programming (8 Part Series) 1 Introduction 2 What is Functional Programming? ... 4 more parts... 3 Why should we learn and use FP? 4 Function composition and higher-order function 5 Declarative vs imperative 6 Side effects 7 Function purity and referential transparency 8 Data immutability Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Benoit Ruiz Follow Location France Work Software Engineer at Datadog Joined Aug 2, 2020 More from Benoit Ruiz Function purity and referential transparency # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Equivalent of Scala's for-comprehension using fp-ts # typescript # scala # functional # programming Side effects # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # functional Follow Hide Create Post Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu The Underlying Process of Request Processing Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Follow Jan 12 The Underlying Process of Request Processing # java # functional # architecture # backend Comments Add Comment 4 min read You Probably Already Know What a Monad Is Christian Ekrem Christian Ekrem Christian Ekrem Follow Jan 8 You Probably Already Know What a Monad Is # programming # frontend # functional # beginners Comments Add Comment 1 min read Type-Safe Collections in C#: How NonEmptyList Eliminates Runtime Exceptions Ahmad Al-Freihat Ahmad Al-Freihat Ahmad Al-Freihat Follow Jan 2 Type-Safe Collections in C#: How NonEmptyList Eliminates Runtime Exceptions # csharp # dotnet # functional # architecture Comments Add Comment 4 min read Play: UI Layouts in PureScript Anton Kiłka Anton Kiłka Anton Kiłka Follow Jan 11 Play: UI Layouts in PureScript # purescript # functional # ui # layouts Comments Add Comment 17 min read Stillwater 1.0: Pragmatic Effect Composition and Validation for Rust Glen Baker Glen Baker Glen Baker Follow Dec 24 '25 Stillwater 1.0: Pragmatic Effect Composition and Validation for Rust # rust # functional # validation # opensource Comments Add Comment 8 min read CLI Validation Patterns with Maybe Monads Mike Lane Mike Lane Mike Lane Follow Jan 9 CLI Validation Patterns with Maybe Monads # python # functional # cli # validation 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 6 min read Higher Order Function in JavaScript Sagar Kumar Shrivastava Sagar Kumar Shrivastava Sagar Kumar Shrivastava Follow Dec 25 '25 Higher Order Function in JavaScript # programming # javascript # functional Comments Add Comment 4 min read Core Premise of Function in JavaScript Sagar Kumar Shrivastava Sagar Kumar Shrivastava Sagar Kumar Shrivastava Follow Dec 25 '25 Core Premise of Function in JavaScript # javascript # functional # programming Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Re-implemented Java Streams to Understand Lazy Evaluation Sanjeet Singh Jagdev Sanjeet Singh Jagdev Sanjeet Singh Jagdev Follow Jan 3 I Re-implemented Java Streams to Understand Lazy Evaluation # java # programming # learning # functional Comments Add Comment 5 min read Functional Composition in JavaScript Travis van der F. Travis van der F. Travis van der F. Follow Dec 10 '25 Functional Composition in JavaScript # webdev # javascript # functional # architecture 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Closures vs Objects: Understanding 'A Poor Man's' Through the Lens of IVP Yannick Loth Yannick Loth Yannick Loth Follow Dec 4 '25 Closures vs Objects: Understanding 'A Poor Man's' Through the Lens of IVP # functional # objectorientedprogramming # architecture # languagedesign Comments Add Comment 26 min read First-Class Functions in JavaScript Travis van der F. Travis van der F. Travis van der F. Follow Dec 15 '25 First-Class Functions in JavaScript # webdev # javascript # functional # architecture Comments Add Comment 3 min read Functional takes on GoF design patterns Zelenya Zelenya Zelenya Follow Dec 30 '25 Functional takes on GoF design patterns # functional # scala # oop # haskell 8 reactions Comments 1 comment 26 min read Refined Types in Rust: Parse, Don't Validate Glen Baker Glen Baker Glen Baker Follow Dec 28 '25 Refined Types in Rust: Parse, Don't Validate # rust # types # validation # functional 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read Compile-Time Resource Tracking in Rust: From Runtime Brackets to Type-Level Safety Glen Baker Glen Baker Glen Baker Follow Dec 20 '25 Compile-Time Resource Tracking in Rust: From Runtime Brackets to Type-Level Safety # rust # functional # typesystem # programming 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read What it was like to give a talk at Clojure South 2025 Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Follow Dec 3 '25 What it was like to give a talk at Clojure South 2025 # clojure # functional # nubank # elm Comments Add Comment 6 min read Building Type-Safe CLIs in Python with Maybe Monads Mike Lane Mike Lane Mike Lane Follow Nov 10 '25 Building Type-Safe CLIs in Python with Maybe Monads # python # cli # functional # tutorial Comments Add Comment 4 min read Refactoring a God Object Detector That Was Itself a God Object Glen Baker Glen Baker Glen Baker Follow Dec 9 '25 Refactoring a God Object Detector That Was Itself a God Object # rust # refactoring # functional # architecture 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 12 min read Stillwater Validation for Rustaceans: Accumulating Errors Instead of Failing Fast Glen Baker Glen Baker Glen Baker Follow Dec 4 '25 Stillwater Validation for Rustaceans: Accumulating Errors Instead of Failing Fast # rust # validation # functional # errors 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 8 min read From Ruby OOP to Elixir Functional by Example hungle00 hungle00 hungle00 Follow Dec 2 '25 From Ruby OOP to Elixir Functional by Example # ruby # elixir # functional 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Three Patterns That Made Prodigy's Functional Migration Worth It Glen Baker Glen Baker Glen Baker Follow Nov 30 '25 Three Patterns That Made Prodigy's Functional Migration Worth It # rust # functional # architecture # refactoring 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 8 min read Value Objects in PHP 8: Let's introduce a functional approach Christian Nastasi Christian Nastasi Christian Nastasi Follow Nov 23 '25 Value Objects in PHP 8: Let's introduce a functional approach # programming # php # functional # software 9 reactions Comments 7 comments 12 min read How was my experience at Lambda Days 2025 Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Marcio Frayze Follow Nov 14 '25 How was my experience at Lambda Days 2025 # lambdadays # functional # elm # elixir 5 reactions Comments 2 comments 11 min read Temporal State Coordination: A Timeline of a Timeline Aleta Lovelace Aleta Lovelace Aleta Lovelace Follow Nov 15 '25 Temporal State Coordination: A Timeline of a Timeline # animation # javascript # typescript # functional Comments Add Comment 5 min read Functional Ruby Programming with Trailblazer kinvoki kinvoki kinvoki Follow Nov 3 '25 Functional Ruby Programming with Trailblazer # ruby # trailblazer # functional # codequality 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Value Objects in PHP 8: Let's introduce a functional approach Functional takes on GoF design patterns How was my experience at Lambda Days 2025 Refined Types in Rust: Parse, Don't Validate Temporal State Coordination: A Timeline of a Timeline Closures vs Objects: Understanding 'A Poor Man's' Through the Lens of IVP Cracking the Code: Why AI Still Struggles with List Languages by Arvind Sundararajan First-Class Functions in JavaScript Play: UI Layouts in PureScript Stillwater 1.0: Pragmatic Effect Composition and Validation for Rust What it was like to give a talk at Clojure South 2025 Type-Level Programming na prática: construindo um encoder Base64 somente com tipos Core Premise of Function in JavaScript Functional Ruby Programming with Trailblazer Building Type-Safe CLIs in Python with Maybe Monads Type-Safe Collections in C#: How NonEmptyList Eliminates Runtime Exceptions You Probably Already Know What a Monad Is Refactoring a God Object Detector That Was Itself a God Object From Ruby OOP to Elixir Functional by Example Three Patterns That Made Prodigy's Functional Migration Worth It 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://share.transistor.fm/s/56abc057#goodpods-path-1 | APIs You Won't Hate | The API Handyman Cometh APIs You Won't Hate 40 ? 30 : 10)" @keyup.document.left="seekBySeconds(-10)" @keyup.document.m="toggleMute" @keyup.document.s="toggleSpeed" @play="play(false, true)" @loadedmetadata="handleLoadedMetadata" @pause="pause(true)" preload="none" @timejump.window="seekToSeconds($event.detail.timestamp); shareTimeFormatted = formatTime($event.detail.timestamp)" > Trailer Bonus 10 40 ? 30 : 10)" class="seek-seconds-button" > 40 ? 30 : 10"> Subscribe Share More Info Download More episodes Subscribe newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyFeedUrl()" class="form-input-group" > Copied to clipboard Apple Podcasts Spotify Pocket Casts Overcast Castro YouTube Goodpods Goodpods Metacast Amazon Music Pandora CastBox Anghami Anghami Fountain JioSaavn Gaana iHeartRadio TuneIn TuneIn Player FM SoundCloud SoundCloud Deezer Podcast Addict Share newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyShareUrl()" class="form-input-group" > Share Copied to clipboard newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyEmbedHtml()" class="form-input-group" > Embed Copied to clipboard Start at Trailer Bonus Full Transcript View the website updateDescriptionLinks($el))" class="episode-description" > Chapters March 24, 2020 by APIs You Won't Hate View the website Listen On Apple Podcasts Listen On Spotify Listen On YouTube RSS Feed Subscribe RSS Feed RSS Feed URL Copied! Follow Episode Details Phil and Matt are joined by a special guess, Arnaud Lauret, better known on the internet at API Handyman. Show Notes Phil and Matt, both in a loose definition of isolation, find time to talk to Arnaud Lauret ( https://twitter.com/apihandyman ) and talk about API Design and Review. We discuss why you should spend time designing and reviewing your API and the process of reviewing API Designs before the code is written. We also ask Arnaud what he looks for while reviewing, the tools he uses to review API design docs and then Phil starts dreaming up what the ideal API Review tooling looks like. We also talk about life in quarantine, as France completely shut down and how Phil made it back in time to England before the lock downs took place. Sponsors: Stoplight makes it possible for us to bring you this podcast while we nerd out about APIs. Check them out for their tooling around documentation with Studio, an app that makes API documentation an absolute joy to work with. Links: https://twitter.com/apihandyman - Arnaud's Twitter https://bit.ly/designwebapis - The Design of Web APIs by Arnaud Lauret https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Design_of_Everyday_Things - The Design of Everyday Things by Don Norman http://apihandyman.io/ - Arnaud's blog http://apistylebook.com/ - API Stylebook, a collection of API style guides Creators and Guests Host Mike Bifulco Cofounder and host of APIs You Won't Hate. Blogs at https://mikebifulco.com Into 🚴♀️, espresso ☕, looking after 🌍. ex @Stripe @Google @Microsoft What is APIs You Won't Hate? A no-nonsense (well, some-nonsense) podcast about API design & development, new features in the world of HTTP, service-orientated architecture, microservices, and probably bikes. All audio, artwork, episode descriptions and notes are property of APIs You Won't Hate, for APIs You Won't Hate, and published with permission by Transistor, Inc. Broadcast by | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://github.com/BillRaymond | BillRaymond (Bill Raymond) · GitHub Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests... --> Search Clear Search syntax tips Provide feedback --> We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously. Include my email address so I can be contacted Cancel Submit feedback Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly --> Name Query To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation . Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up Appearance settings Resetting focus You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. Dismiss alert {{ message }} BillRaymond Follow Overview Repositories 59 Projects 0 Packages 0 Stars 8 Sponsoring 0 More Overview Repositories Projects Packages Stars Sponsoring BillRaymond Follow Bill Raymond BillRaymond Follow Founder of Cambermast LLC, BillTalksAI.com, and The Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond. 39 followers · 7 following CAMBERMAST LLC San Francisco, CA 00:48 (UTC -08:00) https://BillTalksAI.com LinkedIn in/williamraymond Achievements Achievements Block or Report Block or report BillRaymond --> Block user Prevent this user from interacting with your repositories and sending you notifications. Learn more about blocking users . You must be logged in to block users. Add an optional note Maximum 250 characters. Please don't include any personal information such as legal names or email addresses. Markdown supported. This note will be visible to only you. Block user Report abuse Contact GitHub support about this user’s behavior. Learn more about reporting abuse . Report abuse Overview Repositories 59 Projects 0 Packages 0 Stars 8 Sponsoring 0 More Overview Repositories Projects Packages Stars Sponsoring Pinned Loading agile-in-action-minima agile-in-action-minima Public Working space to migrate Agile in Action to the Minima theme HTML 1 run-automatic1111-stable-diffusion-web-ui-macos-docker run-automatic1111-stable-diffusion-web-ui-macos-docker Public Starting point repo that allows you to open your repo as a Dockerfile Shell 1 1 machine-learning-general-purpose machine-learning-general-purpose Public The GitHub repo for a Dockerhub image that will be updated as new technology is required. Dockerfile Something went wrong, please refresh the page to try again. If the problem persists, check the GitHub status page or contact support . Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Footer © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Footer navigation Terms Privacy Security Status Community Docs Contact Manage cookies Do not share my personal information You can’t perform that action at this time. | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.fine.dev/changelog#0 | Changelog - Fine AI Home Docs Changelog Pricing Sign in Get started -> Menu Home Docs Changelog Pricing Changelog New updates and improvements to Fine. Feb 26, 2025 #21: Publish with your domain; upload photos to prompts and Claude 3.7 Sonnet One-Click Deployment in Fine All users can now click “deploy” to take your Fine-generated project live to the web on a free subdomain. Paid users can deploy to your own domain inside Fine - there’s no longer the need to connect to Netlify/Vercel. Image-based prompts We’ve released image based prompting, so you can add screenshots and inspiration to your prompts for the agents to look at. Screenshot components, content and buttons in the Live Preview to tell the Agent what to change Upload design inspiration such as colours, fonts and images Screenshot UI errors for quick fixes Claude 3.7 Sonnet Support Anthropic released Claude 3.7 Sonnet, the first hybrid LLM + reasoning model. We’ve upgraded Fine to use the new model by default. As before, free users get 7 messages per day. The new model self-reflects before answering, so although response times may be a tad longer, they should be much more reliable. The new model brings significant improvements in handling complex codebases and planning changes, especially with complex agent workflows. Feb 14, 2025 #20: Branch Selector, Better New App Builds, Improved AI Error Handling Branch Selector When working on an existing codebase (connected via GitHub), you can now select the branch Fine begins working on. The branch selector appears after selecting a project. This is useful in three ways: It enables you to pick up work from your IDE and continue expanding on it with Fine. If you usually build and push to another branch - such as “dev” instead of main - you can easily do so with Fine. When working on larger tasks with the Agent, such as new features, that require lots of back and forth, you can start new conversations, using the branch created in the previous conversation as your starting point. This allows you to keep working on the code already written, without overloading the context window. Improved App Builds & Speed, More Speed We’ve improved the way Fine processes your requests and designs new apps. Now, when you start a new project, Fine will turn your prompt into a plan with Design, Layout, Features and Styling considerations, before it starts building. We’ve also made significant improvements to the speed of new app-builds. It’s now 6.5X faster on average to get from prompt to prototype. Improved AI Error Handling We’ve improved the way the Agent handles errors in a number of areas: The agent can now identify and offer to fix Runtime and Build errors, as well as Terminal errors. The Error Overlay is now displayed in the Live Preview, allowing users who prefer the visual experience to easily ask the agent to fix errors as they arise. Feb 2, 2025 Introducing o3-mini: The New Default LLM for Fine We’re excited to announce a major update for Fine: starting today, o3-mini is now the default Large Language Model (LLM) for all tasks across the platform. This means that when you interact with Fine, you’ll automatically benefit from the power and versatility of o3-mini – and the best part is, it’s available for all free Fine users! Meanwhile, gpt-4o has transitioned to a paid option. What’s New? o3-mini: Optimized for STEM Reasoning OpenAI’s o3-mini is the latest addition to their reasoning model series. Built to excel in tasks that demand advanced reasoning, particularly in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) domains, o3-mini is designed to deliver enhanced performance with: Improved Accuracy: Outperforms its predecessors in producing accurate and clear answers. Faster Response Times: Offers lower latency for tasks like coding and troubleshooting. Enhanced STEM Capabilities: Matches the performance of prior models in math, coding, and science tasks, making it ideal for technically demanding projects. Improved Context Window o3-mini boasts a 200,000 token context window and 100,000 token maximum output. What does that mean in practical terms? 1 token ≈ 4 characters in code 1 token ≈ 0.5 words in code (since variable names, punctuation, and syntax are tokenized separately) 1 line of code ≈ 5–20 tokens, depending on complexity Therefore (this is all approximate) 200,000 tokens × 4 characters/token = 800,000 characters 200,000 tokens × 0.5 words/token = 100,000 words 200,000 tokens ÷ 10 tokens per line (avg.) = 20,000 lines of code Whilst this is incredible news - even on our free plan, you'll be able to work with very large codebases - the context window also your prompt, the system prompt and previous messages in a given conversation. Therefore, we recommend breaking tasks down to ensure the AI maintains accuracy. If you've had a few succesful steps and want to continue iterating, consider committing and starting a new conversation. Developer-Friendly Features o3-mini is not just powerful—it’s smartly designed for developers. Key improvements include: Function Calling and Structured Outputs: Supports advanced function calling, allowing for seamless integration into coding workflows. Reasoning Modes: Choose between three reasoning effort options (low, medium, and high) to tailor performance to your specific use case. Consistent Code Assistance: Developers have reported that o3-mini provides working code reliably, even when handling complex tasks. Jan 18, 2025 #18: Run and Fix Faster Fix Errors with One Click We’ve launched Fix it with Fine inside the Console. If something in the code causes the app to crash, the Agent will identify the error in the logs and offer to fix it. Click “Fix it with Fine” and the Agent dives in - you no longer need to copy the error logs into the chat manually. Auto Run + Fix it with Fine = An easier last mile for you Developers still need to be involved in the last-mile of implementing code written by AI - but we’re making it smoother and faster, with the AI Agent doing more for you. Jan 9, 2025 #17: Image prompts, actions pane & mobile improvements Devs can now upload photos to Fine as part of prompts. Conversations with the agent now include Line Changes Summary. Look out for the familiar green + and red -, indicating how many lines have been added or deleted, next to each step in the Agents’ implementation plans. This can help keep track, making sure the exact changes the Dev wanted were made and only those changes. We’ve added an actions pane to give Devs quick access to useful tools. Look out for the lightning bolt icon at the top of the AI workspace. We’ve fixed an issue with scrolling in conversations on mobile. Jan 4, 2025 #16: New Projects, Templates and Stream Experience Fine now includes pre-built templates the AI can call on for starting new projects from scratch. These templates are designed for those hoping to start with Fine on brand new software, without an existing codebase, and for those who are beginning a totally new part of their project - such as building a frontend to go with your existing backend. We’ve updated the initial implementation flow for new tasks without a selected project to automatically begin a new project, call on the relevant template and immediately implement your requests. You can now add scripts to New Projects created in Fine, in order to Run them. Fixed a bug in context fetching for new projects, ensuring the AI doesn’t try to fetch context from existing projects. The stream experience has been updated to show you where the Agent is up to in editing the files. When pasting multiple variables in the Environment Variables area of Project Settings, Fine identifies and splits them, propagating them in rows. You’re now able to upload a .env file to your projects in Fine. Dec 29, 2024 #15: Project Instructions By popular request, we’ve added the ability to define your own set of custom instructions or rules for the AI Agent. Head to Projects > Project Settings > Instructions. You can use Project Instructions to set coding style preferences and conventions, include external documentation and style guides. Instructions will be used by the Agent for every task on the Project, from all users in the workspace. You can apply different instructions to different projects and if you have shared instructions that you would like to apply to multiple projects, make sure to copy them into each one. Dec 25, 2024 #14: AI Sandboxing & Live previews: The Fastest Way to Iterate with AI Launched AI Sandboxing Pro subscribers can now Run the code generated by Fine, enabling you to test and preview the code, all within the browser. No more “it works on my machine”, no more AI code that looks like it works, but doesn’t. Try it out - when Fine completes a coding task, hit “Run” in the top right corner of the page to test your code. For each project, you'll need to add configuration settings the first time you use the AI Sandbox. Fine will run the code in the cloud dev environment dedicated to the conversation - yes, if you have multiple conversations with Fine working at the same time, they can each run in their own virtual machine. You can continue the conversation with the AI to make further revisions to the code, based on what you’ve seen in the preview. Describe the issue or change in the conversation box and click enter. Currently, the logs you see in the console are not included in Fine’s context - that is to say, the AI won’t know what has or hasn’t worked unless you tell it. However, you can copy and paste the logs into the conversation to guide the AI further. (We soon will be releasing another update, in which it will happen automatically in case of an error). Launched Live Previews When Fine finishes running the code in the Sandbox, you can see what it looks like - both for frontend and backend code. At the top of the AI Workspace, next to the "Console" Tab, click "Preview". You can also click the Open in New Tab icon to see the Live Preview as a full window. Copy and paste the preview URL to get feedback from colleagues or test with tools like Postman. Access Live Previews from Linear, Slack and GitHub Issues If you’re using Fine in Linear, Slack or GitHub Issues, clicking “Track Progress” in Fine’s reply will take you to the web interface, where you can use the AI Sandboxing and Live Preview features. Why this is important for developers Imagine a world in which AI not only takes your specs and writes the code, but can run and test the code, compare it to the specs and fix itself. Where AI not only writes code that looks right and makes sense to the LLM’s logic, but verifies that it actually works - and meets the exact requirements you defined. AI Sandboxing is not just another Cloud Dev Environment - it's the next step in achieving this. With the help of your feedback on the current version of Live Previews, we’ll soon be setting our sights on releasing a complete self-assessing, self-improving AI coding agent - the first ever. Dec 18, 2024 #13: Infrastructure Upgrades & Groundwork for New Releases To support new features coming up in the roadmap, we’ve been working on significant infrastructure upgrades and optimizing them to make your AI coding experience faster and more reliable. Sped up devcontainer (DC) startup time to 10 seconds Introduced prebuilds - ready-to-use devcontainers with your repository and tools - to enable faster AI Sandboxing Rewrote DC-server to contribute to speed and stability Deprecate DC (socket) proxy Improved error handling / alerting for DC service, in cases where devcontainer provisioning fails Over the last few weeks, many of our Pro users have accessed the alpha version of our AI Sandboxing and Live Previews features, helping us with feedback and identifying room for improvement. With these new speed and stability improvements, the full version of AI Sandboxing and Live Previews is set to be released soon to all Pro subscribers. Nov 13, 2024 #12: Faster Implementation Fine now provisions a virtual dev environment as soon as you start a conversation, instead waiting for you to give an implementation task - so it’s quicker for the AI to get started on coding. Look for the green 🟢 icon at the top right of the screen that indicates the dev environment is live. Nov 4, 2024 #11: Rollback, Edit & New Projects Edit the AI code in Fine When Fine has finished an implementation task, before creating the PR, you can edit the files in the code pane that appears on the right hand side. Remember to click Save, which will appear once you start making manual edits. This is great for minor fixes and adjustments, saving you the hassle of checking out the branch to your IDE when the AI has written almost exactly what you wanted. It’s also useful if you get tasks done on the go. Waiting for a bus or have a few minutes in between meetings? Take an outstanding issue, give it to Fine, make any small changes you need and click Create PR - all from your mobile browser. Rollback Changes in Fine If you’re having a back-and-forth conversation with the AI, giving instructions, reviewing the results and giving more instructions, sometimes it’s useful to be able to go back a couple of steps. Perhaps you’ve realised that something wasn’t quite necessary or the latest version of the changes wasn’t exactly what you were looking for. It happens to all of us. Now, when you give further implementation instructions to the Fine AI Agent, the option to rollback appears on the earlier messages. Clicking Rollback will undo all changes since the implementation task you’ve chosen to revert to - both those made by the AI and manual edits. Start New Projects within Fine You can now start a new project in Fine, without needing an existing repository in GitHub - or even connecting your account. To create a new project, head to Projects > Create Project and choose a name. If you’ve connected GitHub, this will create a new repository under the name you’ve chosen. Alternatively, just start typing your task in Fine’s web interface and if you haven’t chosen a Project to work on, Fine will create a new one. Oct 9, 2024 #10: Revise PRs in GitHub & a smoother way to delegate tasks. Smoother delegation of tasks We’ve improved and standardized the way you interact with Fine from your Issue Management platform, to make it easier to delegate tasks. In Linear and GitHub Issues , delegate an issue to Fine by adding the “Fine” label or replying /code and you’ll get a notification once Fine has finished and created a PR. If you’ve got a backlog of issues and requests, this is a great way to get ahead of lots of the small tasks that make a difference to your users. Alternatively, you can comment /guideme and Fine will reply with context and advice on how to approach the task. In particular for bigger tasks, this can help you break it down into steps and help you take on the project strategically. Lastly, you can comment /ask followed by your question, and Fine will read the comment, search the codebase and its knowledge for information, and provide an answer. No more disturbing the developer sitting opposite you with little questions that break their concentration. When calling Fine into a ticket, you no longer need to specify which repository you’d like it to work on - Fine understands on its own. All these features work both in GitHub Issues and in Linear . For all those who don’t use either, we’re surveying which platform you use for Issue Management to help us decide what to integrate next. Click here to vote, it takes just 30 seconds . Refined GitHub PR features In GitHub PR, we’ve improved the performance of the /revise and /summary features - they’re now faster and more accurate. When reviewing a PR, if you need to make a change, comment /revise followed by the change you’d like to make and Fine will do it for you. This saves you pulling the code to your machine to make the edits. Similarly, if you’ve been handed a PR to review, commenting /summary will give you a breakdown of the PR to help you get started. Knowledge and Code Panes We’ve added two new collapsable panes to the Fine web interface. Knowledge allows you to view the sources in your codebase from where Fine drew information and Code allows you to view the changes Fine suggests in implementation tasks. Sep 29, 2024 #9: OpenAI o1, New Agent Interface, Improving Speed Integrated o1 & improved model selection OpenAI announced their new model nearly two weeks ago, promising faster, better coding. We straight away made sure to integrate with Fine, along with the previous OpenAI models and Claude 3.5 Sonnet. The results are fantastic and as before - you don't need your own API keys. We've also improved the way you select which model to use, so that you can pick the right model for each task. New Agent Interface The previously separate “Ask” and “Implement” features are now smarter and work together from a unified interface. Fine can now distinguish whether you’re asking a question or assigning a task and responds with the appropriate workflow. There's no longer a need to use slash commands, just talk to the agent naturally. We’ve implemented a new backend algorithm that delivers responses more than 10 times faster without compromising quality. The UI has also been updated so you can see live changes to the codebase as the AI writes them. Launched Affiliates Program We launched our brand new affiliate program allowing super-fans and content creators with strong audiences of developers to earn money by promoting Fine. More details can be found here and you can sign up here . Improved Mobile Experience We’ve been tweaking and improving our mobile experience to ensure you can get tasks done with the help of AI on the go. Sep 10, 2024 #8: Ask, Slack Integration and Workflows Launched Workflows Workflows is how you can automate AI agents to perform tasks at a set frequency or following a trigger. Think automatic debugging, documentation, changelog, PR review and more. Launched Ask Easily ask Fine any question about your codebase - including your integrated platforms - from the home panel. Find valuable information and key context to make your work easier and more efficient. Integrated Slack You can now integrate Slack with Fine and get notifications with agent outputs as part of workflows. Apr 7, 2024 #7: Claude Support; Faster Responses Fine now supports Claude Opus LLM model. Pro users can configure their agents to use Claude as their backend LLM model. Although slower than the default model, GPT-4 Turbo, Claude Opus has shown to be more accurate. AI Chat has gone through a major speed optimization, now responding 2x faster than before. Mar 21, 2024 #6: Fine x GitHub | Chat streaming Assign GitHub Issues to Fine AI Agents You can now initiate Fine AI agents to work on GitHub issues directly from GitHub. Try it out by commenting on the issue with /code command. Fine will create a new branch, assign the issue to the AI agent, and create a pull request with the AI agent's changes. Imporvements Chat now supports streaming AI responses. Prompt bar now supports multiple lines and rich text formatting (markdown). Revamped the AI prompt bar design. A few bugs were fixed in the "Issue-to-Pull Request" feature. Mar 14, 2024 #5: Fine x Linear Turn Linear Issues into Pull Requests You can now assign Linear Issues directly to Fine AI agents. To get started, go to Workspace Settings > Integrations and enable the Linear integration. /code To delegate an issue to an AI agent, comment on the issue with /code --repo=owner/repo-name . Fine will create a new branch, assign the issue to the AI agent, and create a pull request with the AI agent's changes. /guideme Leave a comment with /guideme --reop=owner/repo-name to get a step-by-step guide on how to solve the issue. Mar 7, 2024 #4: AI Palette Ask around your code We redesigned AI experience from the ground up, and AI Palette now takes center stage. The AI Palette lets you chat about around your codebase, and initiate AI Agents to perform repository-wide tasks. Slash commands You can interact with AI Palette using slash commands. /ask: Lets you talk with an AI that understands your codebase. /code: Initiates an AI agent to perform a repository-wide task. Jan 21, 2024 Interactive Previews: Holistic Solution for Full Stack Devs When it comes to visual systems, feedback can also be given while looking at the same monitor, and not at the code. To mimic this live and dynamic interaction between human developers within the Fine system, we are proud to introduce ‘Interactive Preview'. Today, we are excited to announce the release of Fine’s latest version, carefully crafted with the needs of full stack developers at the forefront. The brand-new version gives users an intuitive environment for software development powered by AI agents. The undeniable highlight being the 'Interactive Preview' feature that fundamentally transforms code development by closing the loop and offering a real-time feedback mechanism for developers. Feedback is an essential element of software development. This is true for human developers as it is for our AI agents. The more detailed and timely feedback an AI agent can access, the better it becomes at understanding tasks, refining responses, and improving overall function. Often while working in a team, a developer states their opinion about the piece of code or design another team member created. When it comes to visual systems, feedback can also be given while looking at the same monitor, and not at the code. To mimic this live and dynamic interaction between human developers within the Fine system, we are proud to introduce ‘Interactive Preview'. Interactive Preview puts our users in direct control, just like a movie director guiding their actors. Developers can run their code, see the results in real time, and provide feedback directly to the AI agents. It gives developers the option to guide their AI agents as they would guide a team member, helping them understand what works, what doesn’t, and where there's room for improvement. Essentially, forming a closed cycle of task assignment, execution, feedback, and improvement. Just as real-life feedback sessions bring about clarity, refinement, and consistent improvement, Interactive Preview ensures our AI agents continue advancing in their capabilities. It's a quintessential feature that makes Fine more than a tool - it's a dynamic, adaptive, and collaborative solution, fulfilling the vision of a truly integrated human-AI software development environment. Tailored For Full Stack Developers At Fine we are constantly thinking about the end goal: building the virtual developer. Our ‘Interactive Preview' is a testament to our commitment to continuous innovation and giving our users the best possible experience. By offering developers the ability to run their codes and provide live feedback to their AI agents, we're facilitating a more sophisticated, seamless, and interactive programming environment. Full stack developers, who handle both front-end and back-end processes, require a solution that makes the entire software engineering process more efficient. Now, the AI agents don’t just understand the development context from the provided codebase and documentation, but also take into account the live feedback, becoming even smarter and more efficient. Think of it as an always available, always eager-to-learn colleague. No matter how many times you run your code, or how many comments you share, the AI agents learn from your feedback, adapting and evolving to better serve you. The more you interact, the more they understand your unique style, your project's specific needs, and the more accurate their solutions become. Oct 5, 2023 Introducing new features, new interface, bug fixes and backend upgrades, along with recent content and upcoming events. Today we are releasing a new version of Fine. In this update we solved many of the issues that users faced in the previous days. If you had trouble setting up a project or running an agent recently, this version might have solved it, so give it a go. We’ve got a new batch of product updates, playbooks, and upcoming events for ya. Here's the latest: 🚀 What's New in Fine Agents take central stage : We removed the tabs interface and moved the specifications to a panel on the right side of the screen. The main interface will now be dedicated to working with the AI agents: planning, executing, and revising. Manually stage files for the Agent’s editing : In our latest product update, we introduced mentioning via '@'. This week we introduce manually staging files for the agent to edit. More control, better precision. Improvements to our DB infrastructure allows importing larger projects : If you previously tried to import a large project there's a good chance the import failed. We now support larger projects, so feel free to try again. Added GPT-4-32k to our backend : With less limitations on context and rate, the product now works faster, and the quality of suggested tasks and generated code increased. UX Improvement : We improved the “revision” UX (the pencil button), and added file icons to indicate the file type. Notebooks can now be deleted : Following multiple requests from the community - Projects and Notebooks can now be deleted. Click the Kebab Menu at the top right to reveal the option. Multiple Workspaces bugs fixed : Member invitation status now updates, invites are being sent correctly, and the confirmation toast closes correctly. Graceful error handling : Fine now handles failed tasks with retry mechanisms, and better logging. <- Previous Page Next Page -> Never miss an update Take control of your business Find out about our latest product changes as we continue improving Stellar to enable your team to collaborate better. Subscribe -> © Fine.dev - All rights reserved. Product Overview AI Workflows Pricing & Plans Changelog Blog Docs Company Press Terms & Conditions Privacy policy | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/sivarampg | Sivaram - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Sivaram Full Stack Engineer. Consultant. Designing & Developing Blockchain & AI E2E Solutions. De-risking Ambiguity. OSS Location India Joined Joined on Oct 5, 2023 Personal website https://sivaramp.com github website More info about @sivarampg Badges Two Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least two years. Got it Close Top 7 Awarded for having a post featured in the weekly "must-reads" list. 🙌 Got it Close One Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least one year. Got it Close Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close GitHub Repositories swapi.info All the Star Wars data you've ever wanted :) Swapi.info is an open-source, FREE, JSON-only, CDN-powered, Wicked-fast, Unrestricted Star Wars data API endpoints provider. TypeScript • 6 stars Post 18 posts published Comment 1 comment written Tag 0 tags followed Pin Pinned How to Ingest 1 Billion Events Per Day Without Kafka: A Serverless Masterclass Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Nov 10 '25 How to Ingest 1 Billion Events Per Day Without Kafka: A Serverless Masterclass # webdev # devops # cloudflare # architecture 13 reactions Comments 1 comment 8 min read MdBin: Share Beautiful Rendered Markdown Instead of Raw Code Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Oct 15 '25 MdBin: Share Beautiful Rendered Markdown Instead of Raw Code # markdown # webdev # productivity # opensource 13 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read Get upto 8x more serverless function invocations on Vercel! Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Oct 5 '23 Get upto 8x more serverless function invocations on Vercel! # vercel # serverless # api # cost 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Cowork: Claude Code for the Rest of Your Work Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 13 Cowork: Claude Code for the Rest of Your Work # ai # productivity # tooling # software 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Want to connect with Sivaram? Create an account to connect with Sivaram. You can also sign in below to proceed if you already have an account. Create Account Already have an account? Sign in Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 12 Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization # discuss # solana # cryptocurrency # webdev 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Building Reliable RAG Systems Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 11 Building Reliable RAG Systems # rag # architecture # tutorial # ai 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Building a Production-Ready Prediction Market Smart Contract in Solidity: Complete Guide with Foundry Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 8 Building a Production-Ready Prediction Market Smart Contract in Solidity: Complete Guide with Foundry # solidity # ethereum # smartcontract # web3 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 8 Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide # solana # web3 # smartcontract # predictionmarket 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 11 min read The Ralph Wiggum Approach: Running AI Coding Agents for Hours (Not Minutes) Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 5 The Ralph Wiggum Approach: Running AI Coding Agents for Hours (Not Minutes) # webdev # productivity # ai # agents 11 reactions Comments Add Comment 8 min read How the Creator of Claude Code Uses Claude Code: A Complete Breakdown Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 3 How the Creator of Claude Code Uses Claude Code: A Complete Breakdown # ai # webdev # programming # productivity 10 reactions Comments Add Comment 11 min read Cutting My Self-Hosted Analytics Stack Memory by 45% Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 1 Cutting My Self-Hosted Analytics Stack Memory by 45% # webdev # programming # postgres # bunjs 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Real‑Time VWAP Dashboard with Bun, Binance WebSockets & SQLite Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Nov 16 '25 Building a Real‑Time VWAP Dashboard with Bun, Binance WebSockets & SQLite # webdev # bunjs # development # learning 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read 🚀 PoCs & MVPs 101 — The Art of Building Smart, Not Big Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Oct 17 '25 🚀 PoCs & MVPs 101 — The Art of Building Smart, Not Big # productivity # webdev # management # software 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building branchyard: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Git Worktrees Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Aug 12 '25 Building branchyard: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Git Worktrees # git # ai # webdev # programming 9 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read Scraping Twitter in 2025: A Developer's Guide to Surviving the API Apocalypse Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jul 9 '25 Scraping Twitter in 2025: A Developer's Guide to Surviving the API Apocalypse # webdev # nextjs # webscraping # api 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Cloudflare Containers Are Here: Deploy Docker Globally with a Single Command Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jun 25 '25 Cloudflare Containers Are Here: Deploy Docker Globally with a Single Command # cloudflare # webdev # devops # ai 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 3 min read How I Serve 4.5 Million Star Wars API Requests for Free Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jun 24 '25 How I Serve 4.5 Million Star Wars API Requests for Free # webdev # programming # opensource # cloud 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Cloudflare saved my Vercel quota & I barely noticed Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Apr 25 '25 Cloudflare saved my Vercel quota & I barely noticed # discuss # vercel # nextjs # ddos 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Programming Follow Hide The magic behind computers. 💻 🪄 Create Post Older #programming posts 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu I built a simple open-source macOS app to run Whisper locally to transcribe audio/video files Pedro Siqueira Pedro Siqueira Pedro Siqueira Follow Dec 19 '25 I built a simple open-source macOS app to run Whisper locally to transcribe audio/video files # webdev # programming # javascript # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Day 32 0f Documenting My Learning Journey James Kabuga James Kabuga James Kabuga Follow Dec 20 '25 Day 32 0f Documenting My Learning Journey # python # programming # datascience # github Comments Add Comment 1 min read 209. 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Minimum Size Subarray Sum | LeetCode | Top Interview 150 | Coding Questions # leetcode # programming # beginners # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Climbing the software engineering ranks: Going from senior to staff Mike Sandula Mike Sandula Mike Sandula Follow Dec 19 '25 Climbing the software engineering ranks: Going from senior to staff # career # software # programming # careerdevelopment Comments Add Comment 3 min read Inside Apache SeaTunnel CDC: How the System Really Works Apache SeaTunnel Apache SeaTunnel Apache SeaTunnel Follow Dec 19 '25 Inside Apache SeaTunnel CDC: How the System Really Works # programming # bigdata # opensource # seatunnel Comments Add Comment 10 min read Artificial Intelligence (AI): From Data to Decision-Making Systems Ravir Scott Ravir Scott Ravir Scott Follow Dec 20 '25 Artificial Intelligence (AI): From Data to Decision-Making Systems # webdev # programming # ai # javascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read Fixing PySpark on Windows: Downgrading from Python 3.13 to 3.11 (Complete Guide) Rachit Avasthi Rachit Avasthi Rachit Avasthi Follow Dec 19 '25 Fixing PySpark on Windows: Downgrading from Python 3.13 to 3.11 (Complete Guide) # pyspark # python # programming # spark Comments Add Comment 3 min read The strange comfort of vibe coding (and when it backfires) Dominik Niewiadomski Dominik Niewiadomski Dominik Niewiadomski Follow Jan 1 The strange comfort of vibe coding (and when it backfires) # ai # coding # programming # vibecoding 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read Browser Extensions - Native Messaging programador51 programador51 programador51 Follow Dec 20 '25 Browser Extensions - Native Messaging # webdev # programming # extensions # frontend 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Forget Kubernetes HPA: Building Application-Aware Auto-Scaling in Pure Java Olanrewaju Ogunseye Olanrewaju Ogunseye Olanrewaju Ogunseye Follow Dec 20 '25 Forget Kubernetes HPA: Building Application-Aware Auto-Scaling in Pure Java # programming # kubernetesalternative # javadockerscaling # applicationawareautoscaling Comments Add Comment 3 min read **Production-Ready Go Docker Containers: Small, Secure, and Efficient Containerization Guide** Nithin Bharadwaj Nithin Bharadwaj Nithin Bharadwaj Follow Jan 2 **Production-Ready Go Docker Containers: Small, Secure, and Efficient Containerization Guide** # programming # devto # go # softwareengineering Comments Add Comment 7 min read Quark's Outlines: Python Modules Mike Vincent Mike Vincent Mike Vincent Follow Dec 19 '25 Quark's Outlines: Python Modules # python # programming # beginners # tutorial Comments Add Comment 4 min read Made this for fellow programmers who want to get free feedback on their MVP Memers Memers Memers Follow Dec 20 '25 Made this for fellow programmers who want to get free feedback on their MVP # ai # programming # sideprojects # cloud Comments Add Comment 1 min read Boosting Cloud Security with AI: A New Layer of Protection Malik Abualzait Malik Abualzait Malik Abualzait Follow Dec 20 '25 Boosting Cloud Security with AI: A New Layer of Protection # ai # tech # programming # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read Trees Fundamentals: Structure, Terminology, and Use Cases Mohammed Shaikh Mohammed Shaikh Mohammed Shaikh Follow Dec 20 '25 Trees Fundamentals: Structure, Terminology, and Use Cases # algorithms # javascript # programming # learning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Running Transportation Operations in Production Before Going Public Emrah G. 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Follow Dec 19 '25 Running Transportation Operations in Production Before Going Public # webdev # programming # saas # product Comments Add Comment 2 min read PVS-Studio 7.40: support for Visual Studio 2026, Qt Creator 18, .NET 10, updated C# diagnostic rules, and more Anna Voronina Anna Voronina Anna Voronina Follow Dec 19 '25 PVS-Studio 7.40: support for Visual Studio 2026, Qt Creator 18, .NET 10, updated C# diagnostic rules, and more # dotnet # csharp # programming # vscode Comments Add Comment 6 min read Fixing PySpark “Cannot run program python3” Error on Windows Rachit Avasthi Rachit Avasthi Rachit Avasthi Follow Dec 19 '25 Fixing PySpark “Cannot run program python3” Error on Windows # programming # python # pyspark # spark Comments Add Comment 3 min read Dominando JOINs, Subqueries e Técnicas de Consulta Kauê Matos Kauê Matos Kauê Matos Follow Dec 20 '25 Dominando JOINs, Subqueries e Técnicas de Consulta # oracle # webdev # programming # database 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read DevSecOps Tools Harshitha S Harshitha S Harshitha S Follow Dec 19 '25 DevSecOps Tools # webdev # programming # ai # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read What could be the best Micro Achievement at the beginning of a Micro Business?? John Kenny John Kenny John Kenny Follow Dec 20 '25 What could be the best Micro Achievement at the beginning of a Micro Business?? # weekend # webdev # programming Comments Add Comment 1 min read Native vs Flutter vs React Native Javad Javad Javad Follow Jan 1 Native vs Flutter vs React Native # discuss # webdev # programming # mobile 5 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read The Serverless Semantic Engine: Architecting Mass Indexing Pipelines with Modal and Vector Databases Lucas Ribeiro Lucas Ribeiro Lucas Ribeiro Follow Dec 19 '25 The Serverless Semantic Engine: Architecting Mass Indexing Pipelines with Modal and Vector Databases # programming # ai # python # vectordatabase Comments Add Comment 17 min read What is OCR Pre-fill? Viktor Le Viktor Le Viktor Le Follow Dec 19 '25 What is OCR Pre-fill? # programming # ocr # paperwork # software Comments Add Comment 2 min read SQL makes me uncomfortable. Keshav Singla Keshav Singla Keshav Singla Follow Jan 1 SQL makes me uncomfortable. # discuss # programming # react # architecture 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 3 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. 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https://agileinaction.com/learn-more | The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast Home Learn More Sponsors About The weekly Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond serves our listeners with unique and timely views of the people working tirelessly to modernize how teams work. The podcast is committed to building a passionate community for people ready to make positive changes in their organizations. For guests Want to be a guest on the Agile in Action podcast? 👉 Propose your topic 🎙 About the Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond The Agile in Action podcast serves our listeners with unique and timely views of the people working tirelessly to modernize how teams work. The podcast is committed to building a passionate community for people ready to make positive changes in their organizations. ⬇️ Download a PDF copy of our guest guide ℹ️ Call for topics The Agile in Action podcast showcases inspiring stories from guests in a diverse number of industries. Topics we like to explore cultural change • agile frameworks • team flow • technology enablement • collaboration 🙋 How to become a guest There are two simple steps to becoming a guest. Set up a working session to propose your topic and outline with Bill. 👉 Working session Record the podcast for 1 hour at an agreed-upon time. Audio will be recorded. If you are amenable, we will also record video. 💫 A unique opportunity With a global reach, the Agile in Action podcast is a valuable promotional opportunity for your personal or business brand. To increase your visibility, please provide the following so we can share more about you on our website and in the podcast show notes: 💬 About your host Bill Raymond is an award-winning speaker, agile transformation leader, consultant, author, and trainer. Along with hosting the Agile in Action podcast, Bill is the CEO of Cambermast, a strategic business consulting firm that partners with clients to deliver their most critical projects. The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast bill.raymond@agileinaction.com williamraymond BillRaymond The Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond serves listeners with unique perspectives of the people working tirelessly to modernize how teams work. | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-546-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 546 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 546 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 546 indicates your email was rejected because of problems with the recipient's email address or domain . This permanent error (5xx) signifies the recipient server couldn't deliver the message due to issues with the recipient's information. This can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 546? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 546: Nonexistent Recipient: The recipient's email address (from "RCPT TO" or "To:") doesn't correspond to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Invalid Recipient Domain: The recipient's email domain (e.g., example.com) is non-existent, expired, or has DNS issues. Unauthorized Recipient: The recipient's domain or address cannot receive your email or is blocked by their server for policy reasons. Content Filtering: The email's content might contain prohibited elements like spam, malware, or violations of the recipient server's policies. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 546 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 546: Incorrect Recipient Address: Double-check that the recipient's email address is spelled accurately, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Recipient Domain Issues: Verify that the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't experiencing policy-based blocks. Contact Recipient Administrators: If the recipient's domain has issues, their administrators might need to intervene to resolve technical problems or adjust email acceptance policies. Review Email Content: Analyze the email message for potential policy violations, such as spammy content or harmful attachments, ensuring it complies with the recipient server's policies. How to Resolve SMTP Error 546 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is spelled correctly, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Check Recipient Domain: Confirm that the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't experiencing policy-based blocks. Contact Recipient Administrators: If the recipient's domain has issues, their administrators might need to intervene to resolve technical problems or adjust email acceptance policies. Revise Email Content: Address any potential policy violations in the email message, such as removing spammy content or harmful attachments, to comply with the recipient server's policies. SMTP Error 546 Examples "546 5.1.1 recipient@example.com: Recipient address does not exist." "546 5.4.5 recipient@example.com: Domain name not found. Check recipient domain." "546 5.7.0 recipient@example.com: Unauthorized recipient. Email blocked due to policy reasons." "546 5.1.2 Content filtering detected prohibited content in the email message. Delivery denied." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://agileinaction.com/ | The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast Home Learn More Sponsors Latest Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond AI in Learning Design with Bhavneet Chahal, Co-founder and CEO at GoSkills Previous podcasts Learn Agile and Scrum in Two Hours with Luke Pivac, Co-author, Learn Agile and Scrum in 2 Hours Acknowledging Change and the Case for Project Professionals with Professor Adam Boddison, CEO, Association for Project Management AI and Agile in Federally Regulated Robotics Prototyping with Captain Jonathan Haase, Program Manager, US Navy Expeditionary Missions Program Office (PMS 408) at NAVSEA Pivoting with Purpose: Navigating Successful Business Pivots with Edik Baghdasaryan, Co-founder & CTO with Vazgen Tadevosyan, Co-Founder & CEO at Milies Objective-driven Agility with Allan Kelly, Author of Succeeding with OKRs in Agile (2nd edition) Living with complexity and exploring the Cynefin framework with Douglas Squirrel, Author of Agile Conversations Avoid traps along the value trail with David Pereira, CEO, omoqo GmbH and Author of Untrapping Product Teams Scaling AI Product Teams with Paolo Sammicheli, Author Scrum in AI: Artificial Intelligence Agile Development with Scrum Can Agile Transform Non-Software Teams Too? with Gil Broza, Author of Agile for Non-Software Teams and Delivery & Agile Leadership Expert Avoid the 'Undocumented Pipes' problem by slicing your work with Anton Skornyakov, Author of The Art of Slicing Work, Certified Scrum Trainer, Co-founder and Managing Director of Agile.coach In retrospect, this [Scrum] event should have been fun with Paulo Caroli, Speaker, Author, and Advisor at Thoughtworks Truth over artificial harmony with James "Murph" Murphy, Founder of Afterburner and Managing Partner at Afterburner Capital See all 136 podcasts >> subscribe via RSS The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast bill.raymond@agileinaction.com williamraymond BillRaymond The Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond serves listeners with unique perspectives of the people working tirelessly to modernize how teams work. | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-521-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 521 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 521 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS An SMTP error 521, encountered within contexts like PHPMailer or Jenkins, indicates that the recipient's mail server has refused to accept the message due to authentication failure or inadequate credentials. This implies that the sender's email application or server couldn't provide valid authentication data, or the provided credentials lacked the necessary authority for relaying the email. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 521? Case 1: "521 5.1.2 recipient@example.com: Host or domain does not accept mail. Please verify the recipient's email server settings." Case 2: "521 5.2.1 recipient@example.com: Service temporarily unavailable. Please try again later." Case 3: "521 5.7.0 sender@example.com: Sender domain does not have valid SPF records. Email rejected for security reasons." Case 4: "521 5.7.1 recipient@example.com: Recipient address rejected. Domain does not exist." Causes of SMTP Error 521: SMTP error 521 is frequently observed in mail relays, which serve the purpose of relaying emails to remote mail servers without directly managing delivery. The occurrence of this error signals a rejection at the relay level, implying possible complications associated with relaying messages. Solution to Resolve SMTP Error 521: Validate Email Delivery: Start by verifying if the emails sent are effectively delivered through the email relay system. This step helps ascertain whether the problem lies within the relay system itself. Communicate with Recipients: In case recipients indicate that they haven't received the emails, it's essential to investigate why the recipient's mail server is rejecting them. This can be accomplished by contacting the administrators of the mail server to gain insights into the reasons for rejection. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://dev.to/joe-re | joe-re - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions joe-re Software Engineer in Japan Joined Joined on Jan 2, 2018 github website twitter website Work PeopleX Inc. Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close Eight Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least eight years. Got it Close Seven Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least seven years. Got it Close Six Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least six years. Got it Close Five Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least five years. Got it Close Four Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least four years. Got it Close Three Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least three years. Got it Close Two Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least two years. Got it Close One Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least one year. Got it Close More info about @joe-re Skills/Languages Japanese, English, Web development Post 1 post published Comment 0 comments written Tag 4 tags followed I Built a Desktop App to Supercharge My TMUX + Claude Code Workflow joe-re joe-re joe-re Follow Jan 12 I Built a Desktop App to Supercharge My TMUX + Claude Code Workflow # claudecode # tauri # productivity # tmux 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
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https://share.transistor.fm/s/d0bfd61c#goodpods-path-1 | APIs You Won't Hate | API Environmentalism with Alexander Karan of Climate Clever APIs You Won't Hate 40 ? 30 : 10)" @keyup.document.left="seekBySeconds(-10)" @keyup.document.m="toggleMute" @keyup.document.s="toggleSpeed" @play="play(false, true)" @loadedmetadata="handleLoadedMetadata" @pause="pause(true)" preload="none" @timejump.window="seekToSeconds($event.detail.timestamp); shareTimeFormatted = formatTime($event.detail.timestamp)" > Trailer Bonus 10 40 ? 30 : 10)" class="seek-seconds-button" > 40 ? 30 : 10"> Subscribe Share More Info Download More episodes Subscribe newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyFeedUrl()" class="form-input-group" > Copied to clipboard Apple Podcasts Spotify Pocket Casts Overcast Castro YouTube Goodpods Goodpods Metacast Amazon Music Pandora CastBox Anghami Anghami Fountain JioSaavn Gaana iHeartRadio TuneIn TuneIn Player FM SoundCloud SoundCloud Deezer Podcast Addict Share newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyShareUrl()" class="form-input-group" > Share Copied to clipboard newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyEmbedHtml()" class="form-input-group" > Embed Copied to clipboard Start at Trailer Bonus Full Transcript View the website updateDescriptionLinks($el))" class="episode-description" > Chapters August 2, 2022 by APIs You Won't Hate View the website Listen On Apple Podcasts Listen On Spotify Listen On YouTube RSS Feed Subscribe RSS Feed RSS Feed URL Copied! Follow Episode Details Mike chats with Alexander Karan, CTO of Climate Clever, where "You can't manage what you don't measure" is a mantra. Climate Clever is an API-first company helping businesses, schools, and homeowners in Australia manage and minimize their carbon footprints. Show Notes Mike chats with Alexander Karan, CTO of Climate Clever, where "You can't manage what you don't measure" is a mantra. Climate Clever is an API-first company helping businesses, schools, and homeowners in Australia manage and minimize their carbon footprints. Climate Clever - https://www.climateclever.org/ Alexander's recent Article on APIs You Won't Hate: Modern API deployment options in the cloud Scope 1 and Scope 2 Inventory Guidance - US EPA Alexander Karan (@alexanderkaran_) on twitter Thank you so much to our sponsors: Lob: https://lob.com/careers Treblle : https://treblle.com/apisyoulove Creators and Guests AK Host Alexander Karan Software engineer, teacher and speaker - A technical leader with more than 12 years of programming experience designing and building versatile APIs, growing teams and delivering products with a fantastic user experience. Host Mike Bifulco Cofounder and host of APIs You Won't Hate. Blogs at https://mikebifulco.com Into 🚴♀️, espresso ☕, looking after 🌍. ex @Stripe @Google @Microsoft What is APIs You Won't Hate? A no-nonsense (well, some-nonsense) podcast about API design & development, new features in the world of HTTP, service-orientated architecture, microservices, and probably bikes. All audio, artwork, episode descriptions and notes are property of APIs You Won't Hate, for APIs You Won't Hate, and published with permission by Transistor, Inc. Broadcast by | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://survey.stackoverflow.co/2025/ai?utm_source=chatgpt.com#1-ai-tools-in-the-development-process | AI | 2025 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Products Stack Overflow Where developers and technologists go to gain and share knowledge. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers Advertising Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand Knowledge Solutions Data licensing offering for businesses to build and improve AI tools and models Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing About the company Visit the blog Developers Technology AI Work Stack Overflow Methodology 3 AI In this section we gain insight into the real sentiments behind the surge in AI popularity. Is it making a real impact in the way developers work or is it all hype? 3.1. Sentiment and usage → 3.2. Developer tools → 3.3. AI Agents → 3.1 Sentiment and usage AI tools in the development process 84% of respondents are using or planning to use AI tools in their development process, an increase over last year (76%). This year we can see 51% of professional developers use AI tools daily. Do you currently use AI tools in your development process? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Yes, I use AI tools daily 47.1% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.7% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13.7% No, but I plan to soon 5.3% No, and I don't plan to 16.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,662 ( 68.7% ) Professional Developers Yes, I use AI tools daily 50.6% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.4% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 12.8% No, but I plan to soon 4.6% No, and I don't plan to 14.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 26,004 ( 53% ) Learning to Code Yes, I use AI tools daily 39.5% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 18.7% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 15.1% No, but I plan to soon 7.2% No, and I don't plan to 19.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,843 ( 5.8% ) Early Career Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 55.5% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 18.1% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 11.5% No, but I plan to soon 2.5% No, and I don't plan to 12.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,360 ( 13% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 52.8% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 16.8% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13.5% No, but I plan to soon 3.7% No, and I don't plan to 13.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,997 ( 12.2% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 47.3% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.2% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13% No, but I plan to soon 6% No, and I don't plan to 16.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 13,001 ( 26.5% ) Experienced dev defined as 10+ years work experience AI tool sentiment Conversely to usage, positive sentiment for AI tools has decreased in 2025: 70%+ in 2023 and 2024 to just 60% this year. Professionals show a higher overall favorable sentiment (61%) than those learning to code (53%). How favorable is your stance on using AI tools as part of your development workflow? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Very favorable 22.9% Favorable 36.8% Indifferent 17.6% Unsure 2.3% Unfavorable 10.8% Very unfavorable 9.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,412 ( 68.2% ) Professional Developers Very favorable 23.5% Favorable 37.7% Indifferent 17.4% Unsure 1.8% Unfavorable 10.6% Very unfavorable 9.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,814 ( 52.7% ) Learning to Code Very favorable 19.3% Favorable 33.5% Indifferent 16.6% Unsure 4.3% Unfavorable 13.6% Very unfavorable 12.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,812 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Very favorable 22.8% Favorable 40.3% Indifferent 17% Unsure 1.3% Unfavorable 10.3% Very unfavorable 8.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,293 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Very favorable 23.8% Favorable 38.9% Indifferent 16.2% Unsure 1.5% Unfavorable 11% Very unfavorable 8.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,957 ( 12.2% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Very favorable 23.9% Favorable 36% Indifferent 18.1% Unsure 2.1% Unfavorable 10.3% Very unfavorable 9.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,941 ( 26.4% ) Experienced devs defined as 10+ years work experience 3.2 Developer tools Accuracy of AI tools More developers actively distrust the accuracy of AI tools (46%) than trust it (33%), and only a fraction (3%) report "highly trusting" the output. Experienced developers are the most cautious, with the lowest "highly trust" rate (2.6%) and the highest "highly distrust" rate (20%), indicating a widespread need for human verification for those in roles with accountability. How much do you trust the accuracy of the output from AI tools as part of your development workflow? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Highly trust 3.1% Somewhat trust 29.6% Somewhat distrust 26.1% Highly distrust 19.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,244 ( 67.8% ) Professional Developers Highly trust 2.7% Somewhat trust 29.6% Somewhat distrust 26.3% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,701 ( 52.4% ) Learning to Code Highly trust 6.1% Somewhat trust 31.3% Somewhat distrust 24.2% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,781 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Highly trust 3% Somewhat trust 31.1% Somewhat distrust 25.7% Highly distrust 17.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,254 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Highly trust 2.8% Somewhat trust 30.3% Somewhat distrust 26.1% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,931 ( 12.1% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Highly trust 2.5% Somewhat trust 28.6% Somewhat distrust 26.7% Highly distrust 20.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,908 ( 26.3% ) Experienced devs defined as 10+ years work experience AI tools' ability to handle complex tasks In 2024, 35% of professional developers already believed that AI tools struggled with complex tasks. This year, that number has dropped to 29% among professional developers and is consistent amongst experience levels. Complex tasks carry too much risk to spend extra time proving out the efficacy of AI tools. How well do the AI tools you use in your development workflow handle complex tasks? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Very well at handling complex tasks 4.4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.2% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.1% Bad at handling complex tasks 22% Very poor at handling complex tasks 17.6% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 16.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,230 ( 67.8% ) Professional Developers Very well at handling complex tasks 3.9% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.2% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.2% Bad at handling complex tasks 22.8% Very poor at handling complex tasks 18.6% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 15.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,695 ( 52.4% ) Learning to Code Very well at handling complex tasks 7.9% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.8% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 12.4% Bad at handling complex tasks 19% Very poor at handling complex tasks 16.3% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 18.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,779 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 28.1% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 13.4% Bad at handling complex tasks 23.6% Very poor at handling complex tasks 19.2% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 11.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,258 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.4% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 13.8% Bad at handling complex tasks 23.9% Very poor at handling complex tasks 19.5% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 13.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,922 ( 12.1% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 3.6% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 23.5% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.9% Bad at handling complex tasks 22.1% Very poor at handling complex tasks 17.9% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 18% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,901 ( 26.3% ) Experienced dev career defined as 10+ years work experience AI in the development workflow Developers show the most resistance to using AI for high-responsibility, systemic tasks like Deployment and monitoring (76% don't plan to) and Project planning (69% don't plan to). Which parts of your development workflow are you currently integrating into AI or using AI tools to accomplish or plan to use AI to accomplish over the next 3 - 5 years? Please select one for each scenario. Currently Mostly AI Currently Partially AI Plan to Partially Use AI Plan to Mostly Use AI Don't Plan to Use AI for This Task Currently Mostly AI Search for answers 54.1% Generating content or synthetic data 35.8% Learning new concepts or technologies 33.1% Documenting code 30.8% Creating or maintaining documentation 24.8% Learning about a codebase 20.8% Debugging or fixing code 20.7% Testing code 17.9% Writing code 16.9% Predictive analytics 11% Project planning 10.8% Committing and reviewing code 10.2% Deployment and monitoring 6.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 11,202 ( 22.9% ) Currently Partially AI Search for answers 55.8% Generating content or synthetic data 28.6% Learning new concepts or technologies 47.4% Documenting code 30.3% Creating or maintaining documentation 27.3% Learning about a codebase 32.7% Debugging or fixing code 47.1% Testing code 27.5% Writing code 59% Predictive analytics 12.7% Project planning 17.1% Committing and reviewing code 22.6% Deployment and monitoring 10.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,991 ( 42.8% ) Plan to Partially Use AI Search for answers 24% Generating content or synthetic data 28% Learning new concepts or technologies 27.9% Documenting code 30.5% Creating or maintaining documentation 32.5% Learning about a codebase 34.9% Debugging or fixing code 30.9% Testing code 34.7% Writing code 32.4% Predictive analytics 25% Project planning 24.8% Committing and reviewing code 31.4% Deployment and monitoring 25% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 22,518 ( 45.9% ) Plan to Mostly Use AI Search for answers 17.2% Generating content or synthetic data 28.9% Learning new concepts or technologies 15.7% Documenting code 28.6% Creating or maintaining documentation 31.8% Learning about a codebase 23.1% Debugging or fixing code 14.8% Testing code 25.8% Writing code 12.4% Predictive analytics 23% Project planning 14.3% Committing and reviewing code 16.3% Deployment and monitoring 15.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,790 ( 26.1% ) Don't Plan to Use AI for This Task Search for answers 19.6% Generating content or synthetic data 38.2% Learning new concepts or technologies 32.3% Documenting code 38.5% Creating or maintaining documentation 39.6% Learning about a codebase 39.4% Debugging or fixing code 36.4% Testing code 44.1% Writing code 28.9% Predictive analytics 65.6% Project planning 69.2% Committing and reviewing code 58.7% Deployment and monitoring 75.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,349 ( 51.7% ) AI workflow and tool satisfaction Respondents who said they are currently using mostly AI tools to complete tasks in the development workflow are highly satisfied with and frequently using AI to search for answers or learn new concepts; respondents plan to mostly use AI in the future for documentation and testing tasks and are slightly less satisfied with the tools they are using now. How favorable is your stance on using AI tools as part of your development workflow and which parts of your development workflow are you currently integrating into AI or using AI tools to accomplish or plan to use AI to accomplish over the next 3 - 5 years? Please select one for each scenario. Currently mostly AI Currently partially AI Plan to partially use AI Plan to mostly use AI Don't plan to use AI for this task Currently mostly AI Number of responses 6,053 685 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 11,184 ( 22.8% ) Currently partially AI Number of responses 12,382 2,194 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % 60 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,980 ( 42.8% ) Plan to partially use AI Number of responses 7,858 5,400 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 % 24 % 25 % 26 % 27 % 28 % 29 % 30 % 31 % 32 % 33 % 34 % 35 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 22,500 ( 45.9% ) Plan to mostly use AI Number of responses 4,056 1,588 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 % 12 % 14 % 16 % 18 % 20 % 22 % 24 % 26 % 28 % 30 % 32 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,777 ( 26.1% ) Don't plan to use AI for this task Number of responses 19,211 4,953 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % 60 % 65 % 70 % 75 % 80 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,332 ( 51.7% ) AI tool frustrations The biggest single frustration, cited by 66% of developers, is dealing with "AI solutions that are almost right, but not quite," which often leads to the second-biggest frustration: "Debugging AI-generated code is more time-consuming" (45%) When using AI tools, which of the following problems or frustrations have you encountered? Select all that apply. All Respondents AI solutions that are almost right, but not quite 66% Debugging AI-generated code is more time-consuming 45.2% I don’t use AI tools regularly 23.5% I’ve become less confident in my own problem-solving 20% It’s hard to understand how or why the code works 16.3% Other (write in): 11.6% I haven’t encountered any problems 4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,476 ( 64.2% ) AI and humans in the future In a future with advanced AI, the #1 reason developers would still ask a person for help is "When I don’t trust AI’s answers" (75%). This positions human developers as the ultimate arbiters of quality and correctness. In the future, if AI can do most coding tasks, in which situations would you still want to ask another person for help? Select all that apply. All Respondents When I don’t trust AI’s answers 75.3% When I have ethical or security concerns about code 61.7% When I want to fully understand something 61.3% When I want to learn best practices 58.1% When I’m stuck and can’t explain the problem 54.6% When I need help fixing complex or unfamiliar code 49.8% When I want to compare different solutions 44.1% When I need quick help troubleshooting 27.5% Other 6.1% I don’t think I’ll need help from people anymore 4.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 29,163 ( 59.5% ) Vibe coding Most respondents are not vibe coding (72%), and an additional 5% are emphatic it not being part of their development workflow. In your own words, is "vibe coding" part of your professional development work? For this question, we define vibe coding according to the Wikipedia definition , the process of generating software from LLM prompts. All Respondents 18-24 years old 25-34 years old 35-44 years old 45-54 years old 55-64 years old All Respondents Yes, emphatically 0.4% Yes 11.9% Yes, somewhat 2.8% I have tried it 2.1% Not sure 1.2% No 72.2% No, emphatically 5.3% Uncategorized 4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 26,564 ( 54.2% ) 18-24 years old Yes, emphatically 0.3% Yes 11.6% Yes, somewhat 3.2% I have tried it 2.4% Not sure 1.2% No 72.8% No, emphatically 5.1% Uncategorized 3.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 4,212 ( 8.6% ) 25-34 years old Yes, emphatically 0.4% Yes 11.8% Yes, somewhat 3.2% I have tried it 1.6% Not sure 1.3% No 72.3% No, emphatically 5.7% Uncategorized 3.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 8,526 ( 17.4% ) 35-44 years old Yes, emphatically 0.5% Yes 12% Yes, somewhat 2.8% I have tried it 2.2% Not sure 1.1% No 72% No, emphatically 5.4% Uncategorized 4.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 7,607 ( 15.5% ) 45-54 years old Yes, emphatically 0.5% Yes 12.7% Yes, somewhat 2.5% I have tried it 1.9% Not sure 1.3% No 71.3% No, emphatically 5.2% Uncategorized 4.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,838 ( 7.8% ) 55-64 years old Yes, emphatically 0.8% Yes 11.4% Yes, somewhat 2% I have tried it 3.1% Not sure 1.5% No 71.3% No, emphatically 4.6% Uncategorized 5.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 1,657 ( 3.4% ) 3.3 AI Agents AI agents AI agents are not yet mainstream. A majority of developers (52%) either don't use agents or stick to simpler AI tools, and a significant portion (38%) have no plans to adopt them. Are you using AI agents in your work (development or otherwise)? AI agents refer to autonomous software entities that can operate with minimal to no direct human intervention using artificial intelligence techniques. All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Professional AI Users Learning AI Users All Respondents Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 14.1% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.8% No, but I plan to 17.4% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 13.8% No, and I don't plan to 37.9% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,877 ( 65% ) Professional Developers Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 14.9% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9.2% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.7% No, but I plan to 17.2% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 14.2% No, and I don't plan to 36.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 24,752 ( 50.5% ) Learning to Code Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 13.2% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 7.8% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.4% No, but I plan to 15.6% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 12.1% No, and I don't plan to 44.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,610 ( 5.3% ) Professional AI Users Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 17.5% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 10.8% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 8.9% No, but I plan to 18.6% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 16.3% No, and I don't plan to 27.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,892 ( 42.6% ) Learning AI Users Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 16.5% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9.6% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 8.7% No, but I plan to 16.9% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 14.7% No, and I don't plan to 33.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,019 ( 4.1% ) AI agents affect on work productivity 52% of developers agree that AI tools and/or AI agents have had a positive effect on their productivity. Have AI tools or AI agents changed how you complete development work in the past year? All Respondents Yes, to a great extent 16.3% Yes, somewhat 35.3% Not at all or minimally 41.4% No, but my development work has significantly changed due to non-AI factors 2.6% No, but my development work has changed somewhat due to non-AI factors 4.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,636 ( 64.5% ) AI agent uses at work If you happen to be using AI agents at work and you are a software developer, chances are high that you are using agents for software development (84%). What industry purposes or specific tasks are you using AI agents in your development work? Select all that apply from both lists. Industry Purpose Software engineering 83.5% Data and analytics 24.9% IT operations 18% Business process automation 17.6% Decision intelligence 11.3% Customer service support 11.2% Marketing 8.6% Cybersecurity 7.4% Robotics 3.9% Other 2.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,301 ( 25.1% ) AI agent uses for general purposes TL;DR: Agents used outside of work are mostly used for language processing tasks (49%). What industry purposes or specific tasks are you using AI agents in your development work? Select all that apply from both lists. General Purpose Language processing 49% Integration with external agents and APIs 38.3% MCP servers 34.4% Agent/multi-agent orchestration 28.1% Vector databases for AI applications 24.1% Multi-platform search enablement 19.4% Personalized agent creation 18.3% Other 3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,797 ( 11.8% ) Impacts of AI agents The most recognized impacts are personal efficiency gains, and not team-wide impact. Approximately 70% of agent users agree that agents have reduced the time spent on specific development tasks, and 69% agree they have increased productivity. Only 17% of users agree that agents have improved collaboration within their team, making it the lowest-rated impact by a wide margin. To what extent do you agree with the following statements regarding the impact of AI agents on your work as a developer? All Respondents 27.3% 35.9% 21.3% 8.2% 7.3% AI agents have accelerated my learning about new technologies or codebases. 29.3% 34.9% 22.4% 7% 6.4% AI agents have helped me automate repetitive tasks. 17.1% 31.9% 25.3% 14.2% 11.5% AI agents have helped me solve complex problems more effectively. 6.6% 10.7% 40.5% 20% 22.2% AI agents have improved collaboration within my team. 12.2% 25.3% 32.4% 17.1% 13.1% AI agents have improved the quality of my code. 27.7% 41% 20.4% 6% 4.9% AI agents have increased my productivity. 29.3% 40.8% 17.8% 6.9% 5.1% AI agents have reduced the time spent on specific development tasks. Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,823 ( 26.2% ) Challenges with AI agents Is it a learning curve, or is the tech not there yet? 87% of all respondents agree they are concerned about the accuracy, and 81% agree they have concerns about the security and privacy of data. To what extent do you agree with the following statements regarding AI agents? All Respondents 57.1% 29.8% 9.7% 2.3% 1.1% I am concerned about the accuracy of the information provided by AI agents. 56.1% 25.3% 11.7% 4.7% 2.2% I have concerns about the security and privacy of data when using AI agents. 16.5% 29.7% 37.3% 12.6% 3.9% Integrating AI agents with my existing tools and workflows can be difficult. 15.5% 27.9% 31.8% 17.8% 6.9% It takes significant time and effort to learn how to use AI agents effectively. 13.8% 14.4% 30.6% 15% 26.2% My company's IT and/or InfoSec teams have strict rules that do not allow me to use AI agent tools or platforms 25.4% 27.9% 31.8% 10.3% 4.6% The cost of using certain AI agent platforms is a barrier. Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 28,930 ( 59% ) AI Agent data storage tools When it comes to data management for agents, traditional, developer-friendly tools like Redis (43%) are being repurposed for AI, alongside emerging vector-native databases like ChromaDB (20%) and pgvector (18%). You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent memory or data management in the past year? All Respondents Redis 42.9% GitHub MCP Server 42.8% supabase 20.9% ChromaDB 19.7% pgvector 17.9% Neo4j 12.3% Pinecone 11.2% Qdrant 8.2% Milvus 5.2% Fireproof 5% LangMem 4.8% Weaviate 4.5% LanceDB 4.4% mem0 4% Zep 2.8% Letta 2.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,398 ( 6.9% ) AI Agent orchestration tools The agent orchestration space is currently led by open-source tools. Among developers building agents, Ollama (51%) and LangChain (33%) are the most-used frameworks. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent orchestration or agent frameworks in the past year? All Respondents Ollama 51.1% LangChain 32.9% LangGraph 16.2% Vertex AI 15.1% Amazon Bedrock Agents 14.5% OpenRouter 13.4% Llama Index 13.3% AutoGen (Microsoft) 12% Zapier 11.8% CrewAI 7.5% Semantic Kernel 6% IBM watsonx.ai 5.7% Haystack 4.4% Smolagents 3.7% Agno 3.4% phidata 2.1% Smol-AGI 1.9% Martian 1.7% lyzr 1.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,758 ( 7.7% ) AI Agent observability and security Developers are primarily adapting their existing, traditional monitoring tools for this new task, rather than adopting new, AI-native solutions. The most used tools for AI agent observability are staples of the DevOps and application monitoring world: Grafana + Prometheus are used by 43% of agent developers, and Sentry is used by 32%. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent observability, monitoring or security in the past year? All Respondents Grafana + Prometheus 43% Sentry 31.8% Snyk 18.2% New Relic 13% LangSmith 12.5% Honeycomb 8.8% Langfuse 8.8% Wiz 6.9% Galileo 6.2% Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) 5.5% Protect AI 5% Vectra AI 4.4% arize 3.7% helicone 3.2% Metero 2.7% opik 2.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,689 ( 5.5% ) AI Agent out-of-the-box tools ChatGPT (82%) and GitHub Copilot (68%) are the clear market leaders, serving as the primary entry point for most developers using out-of-the-box AI assistance. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following out-of-the-box agents, copilots or assistants? All Respondents ChatGPT 81.7% GitHub Copilot 67.9% Google Gemini 47.4% Claude Code 40.8% Microsoft Copilot 31.3% Perplexity 16.2% v0.dev 9.1% Bolt.new 6.5% Lovable.dev 5.7% AgentGPT 5% Tabnine 5% Replit 5% Auto-GPT 4.7% Amazon Codewhisperer 3.9% Blackbox AI 3.5% Roo code (Roo-Cline) 3.4% Cody 3% Devin AI 2.7% Glean (Enterprise Agents) 1.3% OpenHands (formerly OpenDevin) 1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 8,323 ( 17% ) Previous Technology Next Work Site design / logo © 2025 Stack Exchange Inc. User contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Data licensed under Open Database License (ODbL). Terms Privacy policy Cookie policy Your Privacy Choices Go to stackoverflow.com | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-534-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 534 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 534 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 534 is a permanent error (5xx) indicating the recipient server rejected your email due to authentication failure or insufficient credentials . This means your email client or server couldn't provide valid login information (username and password) or lacked the necessary permissions to send the email. This error can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 534? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 534: Incorrect or Incomplete Credentials: Your email client or server provided wrong or missing login details (username/password) during authentication with the recipient server (phpmailer, jenkins). Insufficient Permissions: Your email account lacks the necessary authorization to send emails through the recipient server. Contact the email administrator if needed. Authentication Mechanism Issues: The recipient server requires specific authentication methods (e.g., SMTP-AUTH) that are not used or configured correctly. Suspended or Locked Account: Your email account with the recipient server might be suspended, locked, or restricted from sending emails. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 534 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 534: Incorrect Credentials: Double-check that the username and password for SMTP authentication are accurate, complete, and belong to a valid sender account (phpmailer, jenkins). Insufficient Permissions: Verify if your email account has the required permissions to send emails through the recipient server. Contact the email administrator if needed. Incorrect Authentication Configuration: If the recipient server requires specific authentication methods, configure your email client or server to use the appropriate mechanisms like SMTP-AUTH. Account Issues: If your email account is suspended, locked, or restricted, contact the email administrator or hosting provider to resolve the account-related issues. How to Resolve SMTP Error 534 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Credentials: Ensure the provided username and password are correct, complete, and belong to a valid sender account (phpmailer, jenkins). Check Permissions: Confirm your account has the necessary permissions to send emails through the recipient server. Contact the email administrator if needed. Configure Authentication: If required, configure your email client or server to use the appropriate authentication methods like SMTP-AUTH. Address Account Issues: If your account is suspended, locked, or restricted, contact the email administrator or hosting provider to resolve the situation. SMTP Error 534 Examples "534 5.7.0 Authentication failed. Please check your username and password." "534 5.7.3 Insufficient permissions to send email. Contact administrator for access." "534 5.7.1 Incorrect authentication mechanism. Use SMTP-AUTH for secure login." "534 5.5.0 Account locked. Email sending is temporarily restricted." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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Report Abuse Benoit Ruiz Posted on Sep 10, 2021 • Edited on Sep 16, 2021 Why should we learn and use FP? # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Demystifying Functional Programming (8 Part Series) 1 Introduction 2 What is Functional Programming? ... 4 more parts... 3 Why should we learn and use FP? 4 Function composition and higher-order function 5 Declarative vs imperative 6 Side effects 7 Function purity and referential transparency 8 Data immutability Before trying and adopting a new paradigm, it is only legitimate to ask ourselves this question: why should we spend some of our precious time learning this thing? Allow me to present my list of pros and cons of doing FP when writing software. Table of contents Composition over inheritance Extensibility Testability Type-based reasoning Concurrency and parallelism Debugging Adoption rising among libraries and frameworks Something new to learn It's hard to get on board Some languages are more adapted than others Composition over inheritance One of the problems with inheritance is that it leads to less and less code reusability and flexibility. To quote Joe Armstrong, author of the Coders at Work book: I think the lack of reusability comes in object-oriented languages, not functional languages. Because the problem with object-oriented languages is they’ve got all this implicit environment that they carry around with them. You wanted a banana but what you got was a gorilla holding the banana and the entire jungle. (emphasis added) Let's take a case study involving animals. Inheritance approach abstract class Animal { constructor ( private readonly name : string ) {} eat () {} } abstract class WalkingAnimal extends Animal { walk () {} } abstract class SwimmingAnimal extends Animal { swim () {} } class Dog extends WalkingAnimal { constructor () { super ( ' dog ' ) } bark () {} } class Dolphin extends SwimmingAnimal { constructor () { super ( ' dolphin ' ) } playWithPufferFish () {} } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Composition approach const withName = ( name : string ) => ({ name }) const canEat = { eat : () => {} } const canWalk = { walk : () => {} } const canSwim = { swim : () => {} } const canBark = { bark : () => {} } const canPlayWithPufferFish = { playWithPufferFish : () => {} } const createDog = () => ({ ... withName ( ' dog ' ), ... canEat , ... canWalk , ... canBark }) const createDolphin = () => ({ ... withName ( ' dolphin ' ), ... canEat , ... canSwim , ... canPlayWithPufferFish }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode What if we want to have an animal that can bark and swim? We can't use the inheritance approach without duplicating some code. However, with the composition approach, such animal becomes trivial to implement: the existing code can be reused without any duplication. Furthermore, having granular behaviors allows for more flexibility when composing these behaviors together, and creating new types of animals. const createSeaGoodBoy = () => ({ ... withName ( ' good boy of the seven seas ' ), ... canEat , ... canBark , ... canSwim }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Functional Programming favors composition over inheritance. I am not saying we can't do composition with OOP (in fact we can use interfaces and delegation for that), but it is more tempting to use inheritance, which leads to the problems we just talked about. Extensibility What if you want to add more functionality to an existing type? For instance in JavaScript, adding new behaviors to the Array or String data types. Well, you could do this: Array . prototype . getEvenNumbers = function getEvenNumbers () { return this . filter ( _ => _ % 2 === 0 ) } String . prototype . containsFoo = function containsFoo () { return /foo/i . test ( this ) } const res0 = [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. getEvenNumbers () // [2, 4] const res1 = ' Hello, World! ' . containsFoo () // false Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode But I wouldn't recommend it, as it could alter the behavior of other scripts using the same scope. Plus, in the majority of languages, it is impossible to modify existing classes anyway, whether they are coming from the standard library or third-party libraries. In FP, the data and the functions are 2 distinct entities. In fact, functions take data (and additional arguments if needed) as input, then return data as output. This is in contrast to OOP where data (properties) are put together with functions (methods) under the same entity (object). Separating data and functions allows us to add new functionalities quite easily: we simply have to add a function that takes the data as one of its arguments. const getEvenNumbers = ( ns : number []): number [] => ns . filter ( _ => _ % 2 === 0 ) const containsFoo = ( s : string ): boolean => /foo/i . test ( s ) const res0 = getEvenNumbers ([ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]) // [2, 4] const res1 = containsFoo ( ' Hello, World! ' ) // false const res2 = getEvenNumbers ([ ' foo ' , ' bar ' , ' baz ' ]) // compiler error Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode This pattern may be known as the visitor pattern to some OOP developers. In some languages such as Scala, there are techniques used to keep a fluent API *, despite separating the data from the functions. In F# for example, this would be the pipeline operator. In fact, as this approach is becoming more and more popular, there is a pipeline operator proposal for JavaScript in active development (it actually reached stage 2 quite recently, which means it's serious business). * A fluent API is a way to chain function calls on some data, e.g. myData.f().g().h() or myData |> f |> g |> h , instead of h(g(f(myData))) . Testability One of the key concepts of FP is isolating side-effects and composing pure functions. We'll see what these concepts are in the next articles of this series, but essentially, this allows us to easily write unit tests to cover all the possible cases of our functions. Let's take a simple example: we have a module that, given some threshold, allows to log a message or not (i.e. logs are sampled). An initial implementation could look like this: const logThreshold = 0.05 // 5% sampling export function canLog (): boolean { return Math . random () <= logThreshold } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode And this is how we could write unit tests: describe ( ' canLog ' , () => { const originalMathRandom = Math . random afterEach (() => Math . random = originalMathRandom ) it ( ' should allow logging ' , () => { Math . random = () => 0.01 expect ( canLog ()). toBe ( true ) }) it ( ' should not allow logging ' , () => { Math . random = () => 0.5 expect ( canLog ()). toBe ( false ) }) }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode It works, but we had to perform extra steps to make sure to: Mock the Math.random function, so it always returns the values we want in order to test the behavior of the module in a consistent way, and restore the original value of Math.random , to avoid breaking other unit tests based on this global function. Here, the canLog function is impure as it's performing a side-effect: calling the global Math.random function that returns a random number. In order to prevent this, we can do the following: export function canLog ( rng : () => number ): boolean { return rng () <= logThreshold } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Now writing unit tests is actually easier and straightforward: describe ( ' canLog ' , () => { it ( ' should allow logging ' , () => { expect ( canLog (() => 0.01 )). toBe ( true ) }) it ( ' should not allow logging ' , () => { expect ( canLog (() => 0.5 )). toBe ( false ) }) }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Type-based reasoning This applies only to programming languages that provide a static type system, which is often the case for languages that have a compiler, in my experience. Type-based reasoning is the ability to understand what the program does only by reading the types and function signatures. One does not have to read and understand the actual implementation in order to understand what the program does. This is quite a powerful feature, and I would say it's mandatory for doing Domain-Driven Design, since domain-specific rules can be encoded at the type level of a program. I actually wrote a series about Domain-Driven Design in TypeScript , feel free to have a look. Let's take an example. declare function isNumber ( n : unknown ): n is number declare function isInteger ( n : number ): n is Integer declare function isStrictlyPositiveInteger ( n : Integer ): n is StrictlyPositiveInteger declare function isOddInteger ( n : StrictlyPositiveInteger ): n is OddInteger declare function oddIntegersSum ( ns : OddInteger []): OddInteger declare function program ( values : unknown [] ): OddInteger | undefined Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Here, I'm only defining the function signatures. There is no actual runtime code written anywhere and yet, we can understand what is going on, or at least have a good idea of what the program does. It looks like the program takes a list of unknown values, and it returns either a single OddInteger , or undefined (probably if there's no odd integer in the list of random values provided). We can see among the function signatures above that this program should filter only the odd integers from the list, then sum them to return a single OddInteger , if odd integers are available. The actual implementation of program could be different, for example it could simply return the first OddInteger of the list, instead of their sum. But at least we have some degree of understanding about this program, only by reading the types. Of course, having a meaningful name such as getOddIntegersSum or getFirstOddInteger instead of program would also help a lot. And since these functions are pure, we won't be surprised by a "HTTP" call or some database operation in the middle of the implementation. If such an event should happen, then it must be "documented" in the types used in the function signature. We'll certainly talk about this in more details in the article about side-effects. Concurrency and parallelism Since data is immutable in a program written in FP, the entire class of problems related to race conditions (from the imperative world) don't apply. This leaves the developers with fewer error cases to check if the program doesn't work as expected. Adapting a single-threaded program into a multi-threaded one should be way easier to do with FP than with any form of imperative programming. Debugging Debugging code becomes easier. Finding a bug is much more direct as you can clearly define the inputs and check the outputs of the functions that compose the program. There is no shared state, no global / external variables used in the functions. If a piece of the software doesn't behave as expected, then we can isolate it and test it with different inputs, until eventually finding the unexpected behavior / output. Adoption rising among libraries and frameworks This is a trend I've mostly noticed in the web frontend world. But I think it's also spreading in the mobile and backend world, with languages (or language's features) such as Kotlin, Swift, and Rust lately. React added hooks a few years ago, which allow building complex apps relying only on functional components. The pipeline operator proposal has recently reached the stage 2, and there are more undergoing FP-related proposals, such as: Immutable records and tuples (stage 2) Pattern matching (stage 1) Do expressions (stage 1) Partial application (stage 1) First-class protocols (stage 1) In the State of JavaScript 2020 , to the question "What do you feel is currently missing from JavaScript?", we can see some FP-related answers at the top: Pattern Matching Pipe Operator functions (not sure what that means?) Immutable Data Structure All this tends to show that FP is becoming more and more ubiquitous in our lives, so we might as well learn it to understand the libraries, frameworks and language features that are already there, or coming in the near future. Something new to learn I don't know about you, but one of the most exciting things in being a developer is that there's always something new to learn . I love learning, and if what I'm learning is interesting and can make me a better developer, then sign me in! I think it's valuable to learn this paradigm, even if you don't intend to use it. It should make you more critical about your own code, and hopefully improve it to make it more readable, testable, extendable. One does not have to embrace this paradigm at 100%, but there are some very powerful concepts and tools that are worth the time spent learning them. It's hard to get on board As I mentioned in the introduction, there's a big entry barrier when trying to learn Functional Programming. The vocabulary/jargon can be scary at first. I'm writing this series to make it easier for people to discover this world. Some languages are more adapted than others I've had the opportunity to write FP code in TypeScript, Elm, and Scala for the past years. I've also read blog posts and articles that shared examples in F#, PureScript, and Haskell. I must say that writing FP code feels more natural with languages that have some degree of built-in support for FP. It is still possible to write FP code in languages that don't offer all these built-in concepts and tools, but it requires the developers to use some boilerplate to mimic the same tools. I'll give you 2 examples in TypeScript. The first one is about algebraic data types (ADTs). We'll cover this topic in more details later in this series, but basically here's how we can define a sum type in TypeScript and in Haskell: // data type type Option < A > = | { readonly type : ' None ' } | { readonly type : ' Some ' , readonly value : A } // constructors const none : Option < never > = { type : ' None ' } function some < A > ( value : A ): Option < A > { return { type : ' Some ' , value } } // matcher / fold export function fold < A , R > ( onNone : () => R , onSome : ( value : A ) => R , fa : Option < A > ): R => { switch ( fa . type ) { case ' None ' : return onNone () case ' Some ' : return onSome ( fa . value ) } } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode data Option a = None | Some a Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode As you can see, there's much more boilerplate in the TypeScript version, since ADTs are not built-into the language, so we have to define the constructors and matcher functions. Another example is the ability to implement data structures. Again, we'll see what these structures are much later in this series. TypeScript doesn't support higher-kinded types (HKTs), but some people have tried emulating HKTs with the current type-level features of the language. Here's how we can implement the Functor data structure using fp-ts , one of the most popular TypeScript libraries to write FP code: import { HKT , Kind , URIS } from ' fp-ts/lib/HKT ' export interface Functor < F > { readonly URI : F readonly map : < A , B > ( f : ( a : A ) => B , fa : HKT < F , A > ) => HKT < F , B > } export interface Functor1 < F extends URIS > { readonly URI : F readonly map : < A , B > ( f : ( a : A ) => B , fa : Kind < F , A > ) => Kind < F , B > } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode And here's how we can do the same in Haskell, where data structures are built-into the language using type classes: class Functor f where fmap :: ( a -> b ) -> f a -> f b Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode (Actually we don't have to define Functor as it's already available in Haskell) And finally, here's how we can create an instance of these data structures, for the type Option<A> we defined earlier: const URI = ' Option ' type URI = typeof URI const map = < A , B > ( f : ( a : A ) => B , fa : Option < A > ): Option < B > => isNone ( fa ) ? none : some ( f ( fa . value )) const OptionFunctor : Functor1 < URI > = { URI , map } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode instance Functor Option where fmap _ None = None fmap f ( Some a ) = Some ( f a ) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode You don't have to understand everything in these examples, as I'll explain these concepts later in the series. The point is that there is way less code with Haskell than with TypeScript. Nonetheless, it's still possible to write FP code in both, it just feels more "natural" with Haskell because the language has better "native" support, it doesn't require any library or emulation to achieve the same results. So, here we are! Thank you for reading this far. Hopefully the pros outperform the cons to you, and you are willing to give FP a try. As of the next articles, we'll dive into the FP concepts and tools I've been mentioning since the introduction. Feel free to share your pros and cons in the comments! Photo by Xavi Cabrera on Unsplash . Demystifying Functional Programming (8 Part Series) 1 Introduction 2 What is Functional Programming? ... 4 more parts... 3 Why should we learn and use FP? 4 Function composition and higher-order function 5 Declarative vs imperative 6 Side effects 7 Function purity and referential transparency 8 Data immutability Top comments (5) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand Eckehard Eckehard Eckehard Follow Always curious... Location Germany Work Numerical simulation specialist, IoT developer Joined May 24, 2021 • Sep 10 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide In your example "Composition approach" createDog() and createDolphin() just add some functions to the Dog or the Dolphin. I suppose, we would use this like: mydog = createDog() mydog.bark() In OO, we would create a class Dog{} that contains or inherits a method bark(). Now we can write mydog= new Dog mydog.bark() So, why should we call the first approach "declarative"? It was declarative if you just write dog.poo and the machine knows, how to generate poo. But I suppose, you will need to tell the machine how to go from eat() to poo. As far as I see it is the same imperative code with just a different syntax to define the functions. This is nice for a handful of functions. But you get deep into trouble if you try to build more complex elements this way. Joe Armstrong was totally wrong: Inheritance just gives you access to the jungle, you do not need to carry it . If you derive the "Banana" from "Plant", maybe it can grow and live. You would not want to add all the necessary functions for the whole live to each individual plant. Deep nested hierarchies often contain thousands of methods. Usually you don´t even know about them as long as you don´t need them. But you can be pretty sure that things work perfect together, because access between differenet class levels is restricted. By the way: Your comparison between Inheritance and Composition is a bit unfair, as you create two useless classes just to show that inheritance is complicated. You could do the same with your declarative code to make it overcomplicated. Bad code is only a sign of a bad programmer, not a proof of a bad concept. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Benoit Ruiz Benoit Ruiz Benoit Ruiz Follow Location France Work Software Engineer at Datadog Joined Aug 2, 2020 • Sep 10 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you for your feedback! Allow me to feed the debate here by sharing my opinion :) So, why should we call the first approach "declarative"? I don't think I've said that the first approach was more "declarative" in this section of the article. Here, I'm saying that FP naturally drives the developer into using composition, since inheritance doesn't "exist" in this world. As a positive effect IMO, we get code reusability and flexibility more easily this way, which is great for building DRY programs. This is nice for a handful of functions. But you get deep into trouble if you try to build more complex elements this way. It's all about splitting and organizing the code into meaningful modules/units. No matter the paradigm, if we write entities (i.e. classes or modules) with tens of functions/methods, it cannot end well. We can organize these small units the same way we organize classes, into different files with meaningful names and hierarchies, and with the appropriate domain scopes. Deep nested hierarchies often contain thousands of methods. Usually you don't even know about them as long as you don't need them. I don't think it makes sense to inherit properties and methods that won't be used anyway. Sure, the code will work because, as you said, access levels are restricted (via interfaces I'm assuming). But as a developer, when I'm working with a class, it's really confusing to have access to properties and methods from the hierarchy that have no meaning in the current "domain" I'm working on. Can I use these methods anytime I want? Does it make sense to use them in this particular part of the domain/code base? And so on. Your comparison between Inheritance and Composition is a bit unfair, as you create two useless classes just to show that inheritance is complicated. You could do the same with your declarative code to make it overcomplicated. The thing is, even with a simple case study, composition makes implementing the new requirement trivial compared to inheritance, because it's more flexible thanks to the units (with single-responsibilities) that can be composed together. Again, this can also be done using OOP (via delegation), but not with inheritance IMO. Additionally, I think it's better to provide simple examples for the readers, the goal is not to drown them with complex cases :) Bad code is only a sign of a bad programmer, not a proof of a bad concept. I agree with you here. I've written in that section that "it is more tempting to use inheritance" when it is available, but I've never said it was the only way to solve the problem. I only said that, in my opinion, inheritance comes with some drawbacks regarding code reusability and flexibility. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Eckehard Eckehard Eckehard Follow Always curious... Location Germany Work Numerical simulation specialist, IoT developer Joined May 24, 2021 • Sep 11 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I don't think it makes sense to inherit properties and methods that won't be used anyway. That is a common case in OO projects. Webcomponents are a good example for this practice: class myNewComponent extends HTMLelement { .... } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode You do not need to know all the class methods of HTMLelement, but you know the class will be part of the HTML ecosystem. I personally do not really understand the whole discussion "FP is better than OO" and vice versa. FP is a coding sceme just like OO. If you see some drawbacks it might be from a wrong use of inheritance? Let me show this from your examples. We can apply a "functional style" also in OO. Building a class for a single function is anyway useless. As long as we use pure functions, the code could look like this: // use pure functions here _walk () {...} _swim () {...} _bark () {...} abstract class Animal { constructor ( private readonly name : string ) {} eat () {...} } class Dog extends Animal { constructor () { super ( ' dog ' ) } walk = _walk bark = _bark } class Dolphin extends Animal { constructor () { super ( ' dolphin ' ) } swim = _swim playWithPufferFish () {} } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Using global functions in OO always has a bad smell as you may easily run into naming conflicts, so this code would be considered "bad practice" in OO . But it may show that this is just a different syntax. OO classes are mainly used to isolate your namespaces. playWithPufferFish() {} only exists inside your Dolphin class, so you can use the same name inside a different class without conflicts. But if you have more than one type of Fish that playsWithPufferFish and the code is the same, maybe you slide in an abstract class for all Predatory fishes, that contains this function: // use pure functions here _walk () {...} _swim () {...} _bark () {...} abstract class Animal { constructor ( private readonly name : string ) {} eat () {...} } class Dog extends Animal { constructor () { super ( ' dog ' ) } walk = _walk bark = _bark } abstract class PredatoryFish extends Animal { swim = _swim playWithPufferFish () {} } class Dolphin extends PredatoryFish { constructor () { super ( ' dolphin ' ) } } class Orca extends PredatoryFish { constructor () { super ( ' orca ' ) } playsWithSeals (){...} } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Reusing code is one of the strongest motivations to use inheritance. So I really do not understand the "drawbacks". But I can see the drawbacks of using global functions in large projects. Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Thread Thread Benoit Ruiz Benoit Ruiz Benoit Ruiz Follow Location France Work Software Engineer at Datadog Joined Aug 2, 2020 • Sep 11 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Webcomponents are a good example for this practice I was more focused on the domain scope of the program, not the adaptation with the "outside world". But I never explicitly said it was my focus, so my bad. When integrating with an existing system, built on top of some class hierarchy, I guess one does not have a choice but to create a subclass. I believe this subclass should be used as an adapter or "glue" between the world of HTML elements, and the world of pure logic specific to the domain (here, our domain is classifying animals for example). I personally do not really understand the whole discussion "FP is better than OO" and vice versa. I don't either, both of these paradigms can be used to build software that works as intended. That's why I've explicitly said in the previous article of this series that FP is, in no way, a replacement to OOP. That being said, I can see some benefits coming from the functional approach, specifically in terms of composability made easy thanks to small, reusable units. I think it's harder to correctly find the appropriate class hierarchy to avoid duplication while still being flexible in terms of "mix of data and behavior" with the inheritance approach. We can apply a "functional style" also in OO. I don't think this example is relevant, because we are comparing composition with inheritance here, not "functional style" code with non-functional. Composition can be achieved using OOP without relying on "FP style", for instance: class CanEat { public eat () {} } class CanWalk { public walk () {} } class CanBark { public bark () {} } abstract class Animal implements CanEat { constructor ( public readonly name : string , private readonly canEat : CanEat ) {} public eat () { this . canEat . eat () } } class Dog extends Animal implements CanWalk , CanBark { constructor ( public readonly name : string , private readonly canEat : CanEat , private readonly canWalk : CanWalk , private readonly canBark : CanBark ) { super ( name , canEat ) } public walk () { this . canWalk . walk () } public bark () { this . canBark . bark () } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Here we have a mix of inheritance and composition. The inheritance part is used for the semantics (a Dog is an Animal ) and the mechanics (any Animal has to eat ). The composition part is used to mix behaviors, depending on the Animal we are "building". I do believe there are good cases where inheritance is more suited (cf. Composition vs. Inheritance: How to Choose? on /thoughtworks), but in general I think it's easier to build software using composition over inheritance. And inheritance doesn't exist in FP, so we don't get to choose anyway :) Reusing code is one of the strongest motivations to use inheritance. So I really do not understand the "drawbacks". I agree with you about reusability, but I believe it requires more effort to find the appropriate class hierarchy (hence the "drawback"). When new requirements emerge, modifying the class hierarchy will require more effort than creating new blocks out of existing smaller blocks, by composing them. Given your last class hierarchy with the Orca : let's say I want an animal that can walk and play with fishes, but can't swim (e.g. it plays with them in shallow waters). You can do that with inheritance, but you'll have to update the existing one to adapt it for this new requirement. For example: + abstract class WalkingAnimal extends Animal { + walk() {} + } - class Dog extends Animal { + class Dog extends WalkingAnimal { bark() {} } abstract class PredatoryFish extends Animal { - swim() {} playWithFish() {} } + abstract class SwimmingPredatoryFish extends PredatoryFish { + swim() {} + } + abstract class WalkingPredatoryFish extends PredatoryFish { + walk() {} // code duplication? unless we use `walk = _walk.bind(this)` maybe? + } - class Dolphin extends PredatoryFish {} + class Dolphin extends SwimmingPredatoryFish {} + class BearCub extends WalkingPredatoryFish {} Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode (I guess you can probably come up with a better class hierarchy that involves fewer changes and less code duplication ^^) With composition there's more flexibility, and there are only additions, leading to fewer changes: + const bearCub = () => ({ + ...withName('bear cub'), ...canEat, + ...canWalk, ...canPlayWithFish + }) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode But I can see the drawbacks of using global functions in large projects. Definitely! It's only a matter of code organization. No matter the paradigm, importing tens of functions in the same module is a bad smell anyway :D Like comment: Like comment: 1 like Like Thread Thread Eckehard Eckehard Eckehard Follow Always curious... Location Germany Work Numerical simulation specialist, IoT developer Joined May 24, 2021 • Sep 11 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I fully agree that it is often more effort to use classes. It can be challenging to analyze your task and choose the right class hierarchy. So, there should always be a good reason to use classes. But from my personal experience, the effort quickly pays back. If you made a bad decision in your design, it is easy to change the code without side effects. And in many cases, you do not need to care about implementation details. A well designed class should be usable as easy as a LEGO block. Inside, classes are like separate programs. So, why not use the principles of FP to build classes? Maybe it is not necessary, but it´s possible and possibly helpful. Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Benoit Ruiz Follow Location France Work Software Engineer at Datadog Joined Aug 2, 2020 More from Benoit Ruiz Data immutability # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Function purity and referential transparency # functional # programming # tutorial # typescript Equivalent of Scala's for-comprehension using fp-ts # typescript # scala # functional # programming 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/pgvector-heroku-postgres | pgvector on Heroku Postgres | Heroku Dev Center Skip Navigation Show nav Dev Center Get Started Documentation Changelog Search Dev Center Get Started Node.js Ruby on Rails Ruby Python Java PHP Go Scala Clojure .NET Documentation Changelog More Additional Resources Home Elements Products Pricing Careers Help Status Events Podcasts Compliance Center Heroku Blog Heroku Blog Find out what's new with Heroku on our blog. 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It adds functions for working with vectors, such as nearest neighbor search and cosine distance. Vectors are important for working with large language models and other machine learning applications, as the embeddings these models generate are often output in vector format. Use Cases With pgvector , you can: Perform retrieval augmented generation (RAG) : You can populate the database with vectorized embeddings that represent the semantic nature of the documents indexed, such as the latest product documentation for a specific domain. Given a query, RAG can retrieve the most relevant embeddings and the corresponding documents, which are then used to augment the context of the prompt for generative AI. The AI can then generate responses that are both accurate and contextually relevant. Recommend products : With a vector database containing various attributes, searching for alternatives based on the search criteria is simple. For example, you can make recommendations based on similar products like dresses or shirts, or match the style and color to offer pants or shoes. You can further extend this with collaborative filtering where the similar preferences of other shoppers enhance the recommendations. Search Salesforce data : Use Heroku Connect to synchronize Salesforce data into Heroku.Create a table with the embeddings since Heroku Connect can’t synchronize vector data types. For example, you can search for similar support cases with embeddings from Service Cloud cases. Search multimedia : Search across multimedia content, like images, audio, and video. You can embed the content directly or work with transcriptions and other attributes to perform your search. For example, generating a music playlist by finding similar tracks based on embedded features like tempo, mood, genre, and lyrics. Categorize and segment data : From industries such as healthcare to manufacturing, data segmentation and categorization are key to successful data analysis. For example, by converting patient records, diagnostic data, or genomic sequences into vectors, you can identify similar cases, aiding in rare disease diagnosis and personalized treatment recommendations. Detect anomalies : Detect anomalies in your data by comparing vectors that don’t fit the regular pattern. This comparison is useful in analyzing and detecting problematic or suspicious patterns in areas such as network traffic data, industrial sensor data, transactions data, or online behavior. Perform similarity searches: Perform simple vector similarity searches (VSS) based on the input query vector. Generally, query embeddings are used to search against the embeddings loaded into the database, but any vector data can work. Prerequisites You have an Essential-0, Essential-1, or Essential-2 database running PostgreSQL 14 or higher, or a Standard-tier and higher database running PostgreSQL 15 or higher. You don’t have Heroku Streaming Data Connectors set up on that database. Vector data types don’t sync. Provisioning You can install pgvector by running CREATE EXTENSION vector; in a psql session on your database. $ heroku pg:psql DATABASE_URL -a example-app --> Connecting to postgresql-octagonal-12345 psql (13.2, server 11.12 (Ubuntu 11.12-1.pgdg16.04+1)) SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.2, cipher: ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384, bits: 256, compression: off) Type "help" for help. example-app::DATABASE=> CREATE EXTENSION vector; CREATE EXTENSION example-app::DATABASE=> To check what version is installed, run the following query from psql : => SELECT extversion FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'vector'; extversion ------------ 0.5.0 (1 row) Work with pgvector You can create a table with a vector column: CREATE TABLE animals(id serial PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(100), embedding VECTOR(100)); In the example, we created an animals table with an embedding vector column. After creating a table, you can insert vectors: INSERT INTO animals(name, embedding) VALUES ('llama', '[-0.15647223591804504, … -0.7506130933761597, 0.1427040845155716]'); In the example, we inserted llama in the embedding vector column. You can also add a vector column to an existing table: ALTER TABLE fruit ADD COLUMN embedding VECTOR(100); In the example, we added a vector column to an existing fruit table. Perform Vector Queries You can perform different operations on your vector data with these common query operators. <->: Euclidean Distance The Euclidean distance, or L2 distance, operator measures the straight-line distance between two points in a vector. This operator is best for searching for an alternative item or most similar item to the query. In the example, we use Euclidean distance search for animals similar to a shark in the animals table. => SELECT name FROM animals WHERE name != 'shark' ORDER BY embedding <-> (SELECT embedding FROM animals WHERE name = 'shark') LIMIT 5; name ----------- crocodile dolphin whale turtle alligator (5 rows) <#>: Negative Inner Product The negative inner product operator measures the orthogonal projection, which is whether the vectors point in the same or opposite direction with magnitude. The greater the inner product means a greater similarity between two vectors. This operator is best for searching for items of similar topics and similar in magnitude. For example, image identification where an image of a shark yields the highest inner product against the embedding of a shark. <=>: Cosine Distance The cosine distance operator measures the cosine of the angle between two vectors. The value ranges from -1 to 1, with values closer to 1 representing greater similarity between the vectors. This operator is best for similarity searches where it’s better to omit the magnitude. For example, anomaly detection where the frequency doesn’t matter, or text-based search for whole paragraph and document semantics. Performance As you add more vector data to your database, there can be performance issues or slowness in performing queries. You can index vector data like other columns in Postgres, and pgvector provides a few ways to do so. Keep in mind: Adding an index causes pgvector to switch to using approximate nearest neighbor search instead of exact nearest neighbor search, possibly causing a difference in query results. Indexing functions are based on distance calculations. Create functions based on the calculation you plan to rely on the most in your application. You can set the following settings to help optimize performance. max_parallel_workers_per_gather speeds up queries without creating an index. SET max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 4; max_parallel_maintenance_workers speeds up creating indexes on large tables by increasing the number of parallel workers. SET max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 7; To see the current settings, use the SHOW command: => SHOW max_parallel_workers_per_gather; max_parallel_workers_per_gather --------------------------------- 1 (1 row) See the pgvector documentation for guidance on creating indexes and optimizing performance on vector data types. Indexes pgvector supports two index types: HNSW (Hierarchical Navigable Small Worlds) and IVFFlat (Inverted File with Flat Compression index). Depending on the type of index you choose, there are common trade-offs including speed, recall or the quality of the query result, build times, and resource consumption. The default index type is having no index as pgvector is configured for exact nearest neighbor search. The default allows for perfect recall at the expense of speed. Adding an HNSW or IVFFlat index lets you perform approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) searches. HNSW HNSW is the preferred index type for ANN searches as it performs better than IVFFlat in most use cases. However, HNSW indexes take longer to build and take more memory. The algorithm builds multi-layer graphs that allow for fast search results. The index is built as you insert data into the table, so you can create these indexes without any data. IVFFlat You can use IVFFlat indexes for improving performance on ANN searches, including searches against high-dimensional embeddings. Since the IVFFlat relies on an existing vector, it’s best to build the index after the table has data in it for better recall. If the data distribution changes significantly, rebuild the index. IVFFlat indexes have faster build times and take less memory than HNSW, but it has worse query performance. Examples How to Use pgvector for Similarity Search on Heroku Postgres Feedback Log in to submit feedback. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-530-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 530 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 530 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 530, encountered in PHPMailer or Jenkins, signifies authentication failures, access denial due to sender IP restrictions, or lack of domain verification during the email sending process. This error denotes issues with authenticating or verifying the sender's credentials, resulting in email delivery rejection. Cases Covered in SMTP Error 530: SMTP Error 530 in phpmailer Instances & Examples: Case 1: "530 5.5.1 Invalid username or password. Authentication failed for sender@example.com." Case 2: "530 5.5.2 Access denied. Sender IP address is not allowed to send emails. Please contact the administrator." Case 3: "530 5.7.0 Authentication required. Please authenticate before sending emails." Case 4: "530 5.7.1 Sender domain is not verified. Email rejected due to lack of domain authentication." Causes of SMTP Error 530: SMTP error 530 occurs when there is a problem with the client's authentication process with the sender's email server. In rare instances, this error may occur if the sender's IP address is listed in a public or private blocklist. Solution to Resolve SMTP Error 530: Verify User Credentials: Ensure that the user credentials used for authentication with the email server are accurate and free from syntax errors. Check for IP Address Blocklisting: Confirm whether the client's IP address is listed in any blocklists. If so, users can initiate an appeal process to have the IP address removed from the blocklist(s). Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. 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Other Third-party Applications: Upon your instruction, we may share Personal Data with third-party applications available on our Marketplace. You are responsible for the data you instruct us to share with these applications. Other Users and the Public: Depending on your account settings, we may share Personal Data with other users of the Services and the public. You control what information is made public. To adjust your settings, visit User Settings in your profile. Please be aware that any information you share in a collaborative context may become publicly accessible. Private repositories: GitHub Access If your GitHub account has private repositories, you control the access to that information. GitHub personnel does not access private repository information without your consent except as provided in this Privacy Statement and for: security purposes automated scanning or manual review for known vulnerabilities, active malware, or other content known to violate our Terms of Service to assist the repository owner with a support matter to maintain the integrity of the Services, or to comply with our legal obligations if we have reason to believe the contents are in violation of the law. GitHub will provide you with notice regarding private repository access unless doing so is prohibited by law or if GitHub acted in response to a security threat or other risk to security. Lawful Bases for Processing Personal Data (Applicable to EEA and UK End Users) GitHub processes Personal Data in compliance with the GDPR, ensuring a lawful basis for each processing activity. The basis varies depending on the data type and the context, including how you access the services. Our processing activities typically fall under these lawful bases: Contractual Necessity: Processing is required to fulfill our contractual duties to you, in accordance with the GitHub Terms of Service. Legal Obligation: We process data when it's necessary to comply with applicable laws or to protect the rights, safety, and property of GitHub, our affiliates, users, or third parties. Legitimate Interests: We process data for purposes that are in our legitimate interests, such as securing our Services, communicating with you, and improving our Services. This is done only when these interests are not overridden by your data protection rights or your fundamental rights and freedoms. Consent: We process data when you have explicitly consented to such processing. When we rely on consent as the legal basis, you have the right to withdraw your consent for data processing at any time. The procedures for withdrawal are detailed in this Statement and available on our website. Your Privacy Rights Depending on your residence location, you may have specific legal rights regarding your Personal Data: The right to access the data collected about you The right to request detailed information about the specific types of Personal Data we've collected over the past 12 months, including data disclosed for business purposes The right to rectify or update inaccurate or incomplete Personal Data under certain circumstances The right to erase or limit the processing of your Personal Data under specific conditions The right to object to the processing of your Personal Data, as allowed by applicable law The right to withdraw consent, where processing is based on your consent The right to receive your collected Personal Data in a structured, commonly used, and machine-readable format to facilitate its transfer to another company, where technically feasible To exercise these rights, please send an email to privacy[at]github[dot]com and follow the instructions provided. To verify your identity for security, we may request extra information before addressing your data-related request. Please contact our Data Protection Officer at dpo[at]github[dot]com for any feedback or concerns. Depending on your region, you have the right to complain to your local Data Protection Authority. European users can find authority contacts on the European Data Protection Board website, and UK users on the Information Commissioner’s Office website. We aim to promptly respond to requests in compliance with legal requirements. Please note that we may retain certain data as necessary for legal obligations or for establishing, exercising, or defending legal claims. International data transfers GitHub stores and processes Personal Data in a variety of locations, including your local region, the United States, and other countries where GitHub, its affiliates, subsidiaries, or subprocessors have operations. We transfer Personal Data from the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland to countries that the European Commission has not recognized as having an adequate level of data protection. When we engage in such transfers, we generally rely on the standard contractual clauses published by the European Commission under Commission Implementing Decision 2021/914 , to help protect your rights and enable these protections to travel with your data. To learn more about the European Commission’s decisions on the adequacy of the protection of personal data in the countries where GitHub processes personal data, see this article on the European Commission website . Data Privacy Framework (DPF) GitHub also complies with the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework (EU-U.S. DPF), the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework (Swiss-U.S. DPF) as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce. GitHub has certified to the U.S. Department of Commerce that it adheres to the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework Principles (EU-U.S. DPF Principles) with regard to the processing of personal data received from the European Union in reliance on the EU-U.S. DPF and from the United Kingdom (and Gibraltar) in reliance on the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF. GitHub has certified to the U.S. Department of Commerce that it adheres to the Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework Principles (Swiss-U.S. DPF Principles) with regard to the processing of personal data received from Switzerland in reliance on the Swiss-U.S. DPF. If there is any conflict between the terms in this privacy statement and the EU-U.S. DPF Principles and/or the Swiss-U.S. DPF Principles, the Principles shall govern. To learn more about the Data Privacy Framework (DPF) program, and to view our certification, please visit https://www.dataprivacyframework.gov/ . GitHub has the responsibility for the processing of Personal Data it receives under the Data Privacy Framework (DPF) Principles and subsequently transfers to a third party acting as an agent on GitHub’s behalf. GitHub shall remain liable under the DPF Principles if its agent processes such Personal Data in a manner inconsistent with the DPF Principles, unless the organization proves that it is not responsible for the event giving rise to the damage. Dispute resolution process In compliance with the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF, GitHub commits to resolve DPF Principles-related complaints about our collection and use of your personal information. EU, UK, and Swiss individuals with inquiries or complaints regarding our handling of personal data received in reliance on the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF should first contact GitHub at: dpo[at]github[dot]com. If you do not receive timely acknowledgment of your DPF Principles-related complaint from us, or if we have not addressed your DPF Principles-related complaint to your satisfaction, please visit https://go.adr.org/dpf_irm.html for more information or to file a complaint. The services of the International Centre for Dispute Resolution are provided at no cost to you. An individual has the possibility, under certain conditions, to invoke binding arbitration for complaints regarding DPF compliance not resolved by any of the other DPF mechanisms. For additional information visit https://www.dataprivacyframework.gov/framework-article/ANNEX-I-introduction . Government Enforcement GitHub is subject to the investigatory and enforcement powers of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. § 45), an organization's failure to abide by commitments to implement the DPF Principles may be challenged as deceptive by the FTC. The FTC has the power to prohibit such misrepresentations through administrative orders or by seeking court orders. Security and Retention GitHub uses appropriate administrative, technical, and physical security controls to protect your Personal Data. We’ll retain your Personal Data as long as your account is active and as needed to fulfill contractual obligations, comply with legal requirements, resolve disputes, and enforce agreements. The retention duration depends on the purpose of data collection and any legal obligations. Security GitHub uses administrative, technical, and physical security controls where appropriate to protect your Personal Data. Contact Us Contact us via our contact form or by emailing our Data Protection Officer at dpo[at]github[dot]com. Our addresses are: GitHub B.V. Prins Bernhardplein 200, Amsterdam 1097JB The Netherlands GitHub, Inc. 88 Colin P. Kelly Jr. St. San Francisco, CA 94107 United States Information for Minors Our Services are not intended for individuals under the age of 13. We do not intentionally gather Personal Data from such individuals. If you become aware that a minor has provided us with Personal Data, please notify us . Changes to Our Privacy Statement GitHub may periodically revise this Privacy Statement. If there are material changes to the statement, we will provide at least 30 days prior notice by updating our website or sending an email to your primary email address associated with your GitHub account. Translations Below are translations of this document into other languages. In the event of any conflict, uncertainty, or apparent inconsistency between any of those versions and the English version, this English version is the controlling version. French Cliquez ici pour obtenir la version française: Déclaration de confidentialité de GitHub (PDF) . Other translations For translations of this statement into other languages, please visit https://docs.github.com/ and select a language from the drop-down menu under “English.” Our use of cookies and tracking technologies Cookies and tracking technologies GitHub uses cookies to provide, secure and improve our Service or to develop new features and functionality of our Service. For example, we use them to (i) keep you logged in, (ii) remember your preferences, (iii) identify your device for security and fraud purposes, including as needed to maintain the integrity of our Service, (iv) compile statistical reports, and (v) provide information and insight for future development of GitHub. We provide more information about cookies on GitHub that describes the cookies we set, the needs we have for those cookies, and the expiration of such cookies. For Enterprise Marketing Pages, we may also use non-essential cookies to (i) gather information about enterprise users’ interests and online activities to personalize their experiences, including by making the ads, content, recommendations, and marketing seen or received more relevant and (ii) serve and measure the effectiveness of targeted advertising and other marketing efforts. If you disable the non-essential cookies on the Enterprise Marketing Pages, the ads, content, and marketing you see may be less relevant. Our emails to users may contain a pixel tag, which is a small, clear image that can tell us whether or not you have opened an email and what your IP address is. We use this pixel tag to make our email communications more effective and to make sure we are not sending you unwanted email. The length of time a cookie will stay on your browser or device depends on whether it is a “persistent” or “session” cookie. Session cookies will only stay on your device until you stop browsing. Persistent cookies stay until they expire or are deleted. The expiration time or retention period applicable to persistent cookies depends on the purpose of the cookie collection and tool used. You may be able to delete cookie data. For more information, see GitHub General Privacy Statement . What are cookies and similar technologies? We use cookies and similar technologies, such as web beacons, local storage, and mobile analytics, to operate and provide our Services. When visiting Enterprise Marketing Pages, like resources.github.com, these and additional cookies, like advertising IDs, may be used for sales and marketing purposes. Cookies are small text files stored by your browser on your device. A cookie can later be read when your browser connects to a web server in the same domain that placed the cookie. The text in a cookie contains a string of numbers and letters that may uniquely identify your device and can contain other information as well. This allows the web server to recognize your browser over time, each time it connects to that web server. Web beacons are electronic images (also called “single-pixel” or “clear GIFs”) that are contained within a website or email. When your browser opens a webpage or email that contains a web beacon, it automatically connects to the web server that hosts the image (typically operated by a third party). This allows that web server to log information about your device and to set and read its own cookies. In the same way, third-party content on our websites (such as embedded videos, plug-ins, or ads) results in your browser connecting to the third-party web server that hosts that content. Mobile identifiers for analytics can be accessed and used by apps on mobile devices in much the same way that websites access and use cookies. When visiting Enterprise Marketing pages, like resources.github.com, on a mobile device these may allow us and our third-party analytics and advertising partners to collect data for sales and marketing purposes. We may also use so-called “flash cookies” (also known as “Local Shared Objects” or “LSOs”) to collect and store information about your use of our Services. Flash cookies are commonly used for advertisements and videos. How do we and our partners use cookies and similar technologies? The GitHub Services use cookies and similar technologies for a variety of purposes, including to store your preferences and settings, enable you to sign-in, analyze how our Services perform, track your interaction with the Services, develop inferences, combat fraud, and fulfill other legitimate purposes. Some of these cookies and technologies may be provided by third parties, including service providers and advertising partners. For example, our analytics and advertising partners may use these technologies in our Services to collect personal information (such as the pages you visit, the links you click on, and similar usage information, identifiers, and device information) related to your online activities over time and across Services for various purposes, including targeted advertising. GitHub will place non-essential cookies on pages where we market products and services to enterprise customers, for example, on resources.github.com. We and/or our partners also share the information we collect or infer with third parties for these purposes. The table below provides additional information about how we use different types of cookies: Purpose Description Required Cookies GitHub uses required cookies to perform essential website functions and to provide the services. For example, cookies are used to log you in, save your language preferences, provide a shopping cart experience, improve performance, route traffic between web servers, detect the size of your screen, determine page load times, improve user experience, and for audience measurement. These cookies are necessary for our websites to work. Analytics We allow third parties to use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better. For example, cookies are used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. We also use some analytics cookies to provide personalized advertising. Social Media GitHub and third parties use social media cookies to show you ads and content based on your social media profiles and activity on GitHub’s websites. This ensures that the ads and content you see on our websites and on social media will better reflect your interests. This also enables third parties to develop and improve their products, which they may use on websites that are not owned or operated by GitHub. Advertising In addition, GitHub and third parties use advertising cookies to show you new ads based on ads you've already seen. Cookies also track which ads you click or purchases you make after clicking an ad. This is done both for payment purposes and to show you ads that are more relevant to you. For example, cookies are used to detect when you click an ad and to show you ads based on your social media interests and website browsing history. What are your cookie choices and controls? You have several options to disable non-essential cookies: Specifically on GitHub Enterprise Marketing Pages Any GitHub page that serves non-essential cookies will have a link in the page’s footer to cookie settings. You can express your preferences at any time by clicking on that linking and updating your settings. Some users will also be able to manage non-essential cookies via a cookie consent banner, including the options to accept, manage, and reject all non-essential cookies. Generally for all websites You can control the cookies you encounter on the web using a variety of widely-available tools. For example: If your browser sends a Do Not Track (DNT) signal, GitHub will not set non-essential cookies and will not load third party resources which set non-essential cookies. Many browsers provide cookie controls which may limit the types of cookies you encounter online. Check out the documentation for your browser to learn more. If you enable a browser extension designed to block tracking, such as Privacy Badger , non-essential cookies set by a website or third parties may be disabled. If you enable a browser extension designed to block unwanted content, such as uBlock Origin , non-essential cookies will be disabled to the extent that content that sets non-essential cookies will be blocked. You may use the Global Privacy Control (GPC) to communicate your privacy preferences. If GitHub detects the GPC signal from your device, GitHub will not share your data (we do not sell your data). To learn more, visit Global Privacy Control — Take Control Of Your Privacy Advertising controls. Our advertising partners may participate in associations that provide simple ways to opt out of ad targeting, which you can access at: United States: NAI and DAA Canada: Digital Advertising Alliance of Canada Europe: European Digital Advertising Alliance These choices are specific to the browser you are using. If you access our Services from other devices or browsers, take these actions from those systems to ensure your choices apply to the data collected when you use those systems. US State Specific Information This section provides extra information specifically for residents of certain US states that have distinct data privacy laws and regulations. These laws may grant specific rights to residents of these states when the laws come into effect. This section uses the term “personal information” as an equivalent to the term “Personal Data.” Privacy Rights These rights are common to the US State privacy laws: Right to Knowledge and Correction: You have the right to request details on the specific personal information we’ve collected about you and the right to correct inaccurate information. You can exercise this right by contacting us. You can also access and edit basic account information in your settings. Right to Know Data Recipients: We share your information with service providers for legitimate business operations, such as data storage and hosting. For more details, please see “Sharing Your Information” below. Right to request Deletion: You reserve the right to request the deletion of your data, barring a few exceptions. Such exceptions include circumstances where we are required to retain data to comply with legal obligations, detect fraudulent activity, investigate reports of abuse or other violations of our Terms of Service, or rectify security issues. Upon receiving your verified request, we will promptly delete your personal information (unless an exception applies), and instruct our service providers to do the same. We employ brief retention terms by design. Right to a Timely Response: You are allowed to make two free requests in any 12-month period. We commit to responding to your request within 45 days. In complex cases, we may extend our response time by an additional 45 days. Non-Discrimination: We will not hold it against you when you exercise any of your rights. On the contrary, we encourage you to review your privacy settings closely and contact us with any questions. Notice of Collection of Personal Information We may collect various categories of personal information about our website visitors and users of "Services" which includes GitHub applications, software, products, or services. That information includes identifiers/contact information, demographic information, payment information, commercial information, internet or electronic network activity information, geolocation data, audio, electronic, visual, or similar information, and inferences drawn from such information. We collect this information for various purposes. This includes identifying accessibility gaps and offering targeted support, fostering diversity and representation, providing services, troubleshooting, conducting business operations such as billing and security, improving products and supporting research, communicating important information, ensuring personalized experiences, and promoting safety and security. Exercising your Privacy Rights To make an access, deletion, correction, or opt-out request, please send an email to privacy[at]github[dot]com and follow the instructions provided. We may need to verify your identity before processing your request. If you choose to use an authorized agent to submit a request on your behalf, please ensure they have your signed permission or power of attorney as required. To opt out of the sharing of your personal information, you can click on the "Do Not Share My Personal Information" link on the footer of our Websites or use the Global Privacy Control ("GPC") if available. Authorized agents can also submit opt-out requests on your behalf. California Mandatory Disclosures We also make the following disclosures for purposes of compliance with California privacy law: We collected the following categories of personal information in the last 12 months: identifiers/contact information, demographic information (such as gender), payment card information associated with you, commercial information, Internet or other electronic network activity information, geolocation data, audio, electronic, visual or similar information, and inferences drawn from the above. The sources of personal information from whom we collected are: directly from you, automatically or from third parties. The business or commercial purposes of collecting personal information are as summarized above and in our Privacy Statement under Processing Purposes. We disclosed the following categories of personal information for a business purpose in the last 12 months: identifiers/contact information, demographic information (such as gender and rough geographic location), payment information, commercial information, Internet or other electronic network activity information, geolocation data, audio, electronic, visual or similar information, and inferences drawn from the above. We disclosed each category to third-party business partners and service providers, third-party sites or platforms such as social networking sites, and other third parties as described in the Sharing of Personal Data section of our Privacy Statement. As defined by applicable law, we “shared” the following categories of personal information in the last 12 months: identifiers/contact information, Internet or other electronic network activity information, and inferences drawn from the above. We shared each category to or with advertising networks, data analytics providers, and social networks. The business or commercial purpose of sharing personal information is to assist us with marketing, advertising, and audience measurement. We do not “sell” or “share” the personal information of known minors under 16 years of age. Shine the Light Act Under California Civil Code section 1798.83, also known as the “Shine the Light” law, California residents who have provided personal information to a business with which the individual has established a business relationship for personal, family, or household purposes (“California Customers”) may request information about whether the business has disclosed personal information to any third parties for the third parties’ direct marketing purposes. Please be aware that we do not disclose personal information to any third parties for their direct marketing purposes as defined by this law. California Customers may request further information about our compliance with this law by emailing (privacy[at]github[dot]com). Please note that businesses are required to respond to one request per California Customer each year and may not be required to respond to requests made by means other than through the designated email address. Removal of Content California residents under the age of 18 who are registered users of online sites, services, or applications have a right under California Business and Professions Code Section 22581 to remove, or request and obtain removal of, content or information they have publicly posted. To remove content or information you have publicly posted, please submit a Private Information Removal request . Alternatively, to request that we remove such content or information, please send a detailed description of the specific content or information you wish to have removed to GitHub support . Please be aware that your request does not guarantee complete or comprehensive removal of content or information posted online and that the law may not permit or require removal in certain circumstances. If you have any questions about our privacy practices with respect to California residents, please send an email to privacy[at]github[dot]com. We value the trust you place in us and are committed to handling your personal information with care and respect. If you have any questions or concerns about our privacy practices, please email our Data Protection Officer at dpo[at]github[dot]com. Colorado/Connecticut/Virginia If you live in Colorado, Connecticut, or Virginia you have some additional rights: If we deny your rights request, you have the right to appeal that decision. We will provide you with the necessary information to submit an appeal at that time. You have the right to opt out of profiling in furtherance of decisions that produce legal or similarly significant effects concerning the consumer. GitHub does not engage in such profiling as defined by Colorado law, so there’s no need to opt out. Nevada We do not sell your covered information, as defined under Chapter 603A of the Nevada Revised Statutes. If you still have questions about your covered information or anything else in our Privacy Statement, please send an email to privacy[at]github[dot]com. Help and support Help us make these docs great! All GitHub docs are open source. See something that's wrong or unclear? Submit a pull request. Make a contribution Learn how to contribute Still need help? Ask the GitHub community Contact support Legal © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Terms Privacy Status Pricing Expert services Blog | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-452-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 452 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 452 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 452 is a transient or "4xx" error code returned by a mail server, indicating temporary resource constraints or limits being exceeded, preventing the acceptance or processing of incoming email messages at that moment. Unlike permanent errors, SMTP Error 452 suggests a temporary issue that may resolve in the future. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 452? SMTP Error 452 in phpmailer Instances & Examples: Case 1: "452 4.3.2 Temporary failure, please try again later." Case 2: "452 4.7.1 Greylisted - Try again in 15 minutes." Case 3: "452 4.4.3 Server resources exhausted, try again in a few minutes." What’s Causing This SMTP Error 452 In Your Servers? (in pointers) SMTP 452 error in phpmailer can occur due to: Server overload: The mail server is currently processing a high volume of incoming email traffic, temporarily rejecting new connections or delaying email delivery to manage the load effectively. Resource constraints: Limited server resources (e.g., CPU, memory, disk space) restrict new email deliveries temporarily to manage resource allocation efficiently. Greylisting: Some mail servers employ greylisting as an anti-spam technique, initially rejecting emails from unknown senders with a 452 error. Legitimate senders retry delivery after a delay, and the email is accepted. How to Resolve SMTP Error 452 - Step-by-Step Solution To address this email smtp error 452 in Jenkins servers, follow these steps: Wait and retry: Since SMTP Error 452 is temporary, wait and retry sending the email later. The receiving server may resolve its temporary constraints, allowing successful delivery. Check for greylisting: If suspecting greylisting, waiting and retrying the email should resolve the issue upon acceptance by the receiving server. Investigate resource constraints: If you have control over the receiving server, investigate and address any resource constraints causing the error. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/email-comparison/mailchimp-vs-mailerlite-which-email-provider-is-better-in-2024 | The Ultimate 2024 Email Provider Comparison Guide (All Major Platforms Compared) Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up Email management The Ultimate 2024 Email Provider Comparison Guide (All Major Platforms Compared) Nikita Navral • November 13, 2025 TABLE OF CONTENTS Choosing the right email provider in 2024 is overwhelming: dozens of vendors, similar claims, and pricing that changes every quarter. This unified guide compiles every head-to-head comparison across major transactional and marketing email platforms, including Postmark, Mailgun, Amazon SES, SendGrid, Brevo, Mailchimp, Mailjet, Elastic Email, SMTP.com, SocketLabs, Netcore, and MailerLite .All insights come directly from detailed comparison files. Quick Intros - What Each Provider Is Best At Transactional-first providers Postmark — ultra-reliable delivery, developer-focused APIs, perfect for confirmations/receipts. Mailgun — strong API tooling, analytics, validation, great for engineering teams. Amazon SES — cheapest at scale, massive throughput, ideal for technical teams. SendGrid — widely adopted, strong analytics, supports marketing + transactional. SMTP.com — dependable infrastructure, solid support, but no free tier. SocketLabs — extremely stable uptime (99.999%) and deep reporting. Elastic Email — very low-cost bulk sending. Marketing-first providers Mailchimp — automation, templates, analytics, widely used. Brevo (Sendinblue) — automation + CRM + SMS, with generous free tiers. MailerLite — affordable, simple, clean automation & landing pages. Mailjet — collaborative editing, good for teams creating campaigns. Netcore (Pepipost) — fast campaign sending, strong IP reputation, developer-friendly. API Depth & Developer Experience Strongest API ecosystems Mailgun — rich event & inbound APIs, full contact management. Postmark — clean REST API + outbound message events. Amazon SES — industrial-grade APIs with identity mgmt, configuration sets. SendGrid — extensive REST APIs covering contacts, events, and marketing. Weaker / limited APIs MailerLite (no send-email endpoint) SMTP.com (no event API) Brevo (no event API) Pricing - Cheapest to Most Expensive Cheapest at scale Amazon SES — $0.02–$0.08 per 1,000 emails + $15/mo. Elastic Email — $0.0002–$0.00005 per email. Netcore — $0.0001–$0.0003 per email. Brevo — $0.0005–$0.0007 per email (with free plan). Mid-range SendGrid — $0.0004–$0.0006. Mailgun — $0.0007–$0.0009. MailerLite — $0.0001–$0.0004. Mailjet — $0.001–$0.0052. Higher-end Postmark — $0.0006–$0.0015. SMTP.com — $0.0005–$0.001. Performance, Reliability & Deliverability Best uptime SocketLabs: 99.999% Postmark: 100% Mailgun: 99.99% Mailchimp: 99.99% Best deliverability for transactional Postmark Mailgun Amazon SES SendGrid Biggest attachments allowed Amazon SES: 40 MB Mailchimp: 25 MB Mailgun: 25 MB SendGrid: 30 MB Security & Compliance Most compliant providers Mailgun — SOC I & II, HIPAA, ISO, GDPR Mailchimp — SOC II, PCI DSS, ISO 27001 Amazon SES — CSA STAR, ISO 27001, 20000-1 Brevo — ISO 27001 + GDPR Weaker compliance Elastic Email — no listed major certifications SMTP.com — limited public disclosure Feature Comparison: Transactional vs Marketing Best for automation Mailchimp Brevo MailerLite Netcore Best for templates Mailchimp MailerLite SendGrid Postmark (for transactional) Best for analytics Mailchimp SendGrid Mailgun SocketLabs User Sentiment (G2 Reviews Summary) Top-rated overall MailerLite: 4.7★ — best ease-of-use and automation simplicity. Postmark: 4.6★ — leaders in transactional reliability. Brevo: 4.6★ — loved for pricing + contact management. Mailgun: 4.3★ — strong for developers. Amazon SES: 4.3★ — delivers reliably at scale. Most criticized SMTP.com — 3.0★ (pricing complaints, cancellations). SendGrid — issues with support responsiveness. Final Recommendations by Use Case Best for startups Brevo (free plan + automation) MailerLite (affordable, modern UI) Best for developers Postmark (reliability) Mailgun (robust APIs) Amazon SES (scale + cost) Best for marketers Mailchimp (ecosystem + templates) Mailjet (team collaboration) Best for high-volume sending Amazon SES Elastic Email Netcore Best overall deliverability Postmark Mailgun Share this blog on: Written by: Nikita Navral Co-Founder, SuprSend Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-511-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 511 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 511 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 511 is a permanent or "5xx" error code returned by a mail server, indicating the rejection of an email message due to its inability to relay or deliver the message to the intended recipient. This error denotes that the server encounters difficulties in routing the email to the specified recipient address. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 511? SMTP Error 511 in phpmailer Instances & Examples: Case 1: "511 5.1.1 recipient@example.com: Invalid recipient address. Check recipient details." Case 2: "511 5.4.2 Routing issue. Unable to relay the message to recipient@example.com." Case 3: "511 5.7.3 DNS problem. Email routing to recipient@example.com is currently unavailable." What’s Causing This SMTP Error 511 In Your Servers? (in pointers) SMTP 511 error in phpmailer can occur due to: Invalid recipient address: The recipient's email address provided in the "RCPT TO" command or the "To:" field of the email message is incorrect, improperly formatted, or does not exist. Routing issues: The server may be experiencing problems with its email routing, which prevent it from correctly directing email messages to their intended recipients. DNS issues: Domain Name System (DNS) problems or incorrect DNS settings can also lead to SMTP error 511, making it difficult for the server to resolve recipient domains. How to Resolve SMTP Error 511 - Step-by-Step Solution To address SMTP Error 511, follow these steps: Verify recipient address: Ensure that the recipient's email address is spelled correctly, is complete, and includes the correct domain name. Correct any typographical errors or formatting issues. Investigate routing issues: If the error is related to routing problems, you may need to contact your email administrator or hosting provider to resolve the issue. DNS issues: If DNS problems are the root cause, work with your DNS provider or administrator to correct any DNS misconfigurations or issues affecting email routing. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://bsky.app/profile/alexanderkaran.bsky.social | @alexanderkaran.bsky.social on Bluesky JavaScript Required This is a heavily interactive web application, and JavaScript is required. Simple HTML interfaces are possible, but that is not what this is. Learn more about Bluesky at bsky.social and atproto.com . Profile Alexander Karan alexanderkaran.bsky.social did:plc:3n4fccuhdomkkebojjdurnco Senior Software Engineer @Atlassian. JavaScript dev, TedX speaker and blogger with a passion for software architecture. https://www.alexanderkaran.com https://apisyouwonthate.com | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.highlight.io/docs/getting-started/server/python/google-cloud-functions | Google Cloud Functions Star us on GitHub Star Docs Sign in Sign up Getting Started Getting Started with Highlight Fullstack Mapping Browser React.js Next.js Remix Vue.js Angular Gatsby.js SvelteKit Electron highlight.run SDK Overview Canvas & WebGL Console Messages Content-Security-Policy Identifying Users iframe Recording Monkey Patches Browser OpenTelemetry Persistent Asset Storage Privacy Proxying Highlight React.js Error Boundary Recording Network Requests and Responses Recording WebSocket Events Salesforce Lightning Web Components (LWC) Data Export Sourcemap Configuration Tracking Events Troubleshooting Upgrading Highlight Versioning Sessions & Errors Other React Native (beta) Server Go Overview chi Echo Fiber Gin GORM gqlgen Logrus Manual Tracing gorilla mux JS Overview Apollo AWS Lambda Cloudflare Workers Express.js Firebase Hono Nest.js Next.js Node.js Pino tRPC Winston Python Overview AWS Lambda Azure Functions Django FastAPI Flask Google Cloud Functions Loguru Other Frameworks Python AI / LLM Libraries Python Libraries Ruby Overview Other Frameworks Ruby on Rails Rust Overview actix-web No Framework Hosting Providers Overview Metrics in AWS Logging in AWS Logging in Azure Fly.io NATS Log Shipper Logging in GCP Heroku Log Drain Render Log Stream Logging in Trigger.dev Vercel Log Drain Elixir Overview Elixir App Java: All Frameworks PHP: All Frameworks C# .NET ASP C# .NET 4 ASP Docker / Docker Compose File Fluent Forward curl OpenTelemetry Protocol (OTLP) Syslog RFC5424 Systemd / Journald Native OpenTelemetry Overview Error Monitoring Logging Tracing Browser Instrumentation Metrics Fullstack Frameworks Overview Next.js Fullstack Overview Next.js Page Router Guide Next.js App Router Guide Edge Runtime Advanced Config Remix Walkthrough Self Host & Local Dev Overview Development deployment guide. Integrations Microsoft Teams self-hosted Hobby deployment guide. Traefik SSL Proxying. Menu Highlight Docs Welcome to highlight.io Get Started Roadmap Company Values Compliance & Security Open Source Contributing Overview GraphQL Backend Frontend (app.highlight.io) Landing Site (highlight.io) Documentation End to End SDK Example Apps Adding an SDK Application Architecture GitHub Code Spaces Code Style Good First Issues Self-hosting Self-hosted [Dev] Self-hosted [Hobby] Self-hosted [Enterprise] Telemetry Our Competitors Product Philosophy Product Features Session Replay Overview Canvas & Iframe Dev-tool Window Recording Tracking Users & Recording Events Filtering Sessions GraphQL Live Mode Performance Impact Player Session Caching Rage Clicks Request Proxying Session Search Extracting the Session URL Session Search Deep Linking Shadow Dom + Web Components Error Monitoring Overview Enhancing Errors with GitHub Error Search Filtering Errors Grouping Errors Managing Errors Manually Reporting Errors Sourcemaps General Features Overview Alerts Comments Digests Environments Search Segments Services Webhooks Logging Overview Log Alerts Log Search Tracing Overview Trace Search Dashboards Overview Dashboard Management Metrics Tutorials Service Latency Web Vitals & Page Speed User Engagement User Analytics Graphing Drilldown Event Search Dashboard Variables SQL Editor Metrics (beta) Overview Frequently Asked Questions. Integrations Integrations Overview Amplitude Integration ClickUp Integration Discord Integration Electron Support Front Integration GitHub Integration Grafana Integration Overview Setup Dashboards Alerts Height Integration Intercom Integration Jira Integration LaunchDarkly Integration Linear Integration Mixpanel Integration Nuxt Integration Pendo Integration Segment Integration Slack Integration Vercel Integration WordPress Plugin Highlight.io Changelog Overview Changelog 12 (02/17) Changelog 13 (02/24) Changelog 14 (03/03) Changelog 15 (03/11) Changelog 16 (03/19) Changelog 17 (04/07) Changelog 18 (04/26) Changelog 19 (05/22) Changelog 20 (06/06) Changelog 21 (06/21) Changelog 22 (08/07) Changelog 23 (08/22) Changelog 24 (09/11) Changelog 25 (10/03) Changelog 26 (11/08) Changelog 27 (12/22) Changelog 28 (3/6) Changelog 29 (4/2) Getting Started Getting Started with Highlight Fullstack Mapping Browser React.js Next.js Remix Vue.js Angular Gatsby.js SvelteKit Electron highlight.run SDK Overview Canvas & WebGL Console Messages Content-Security-Policy Identifying Users iframe Recording Monkey Patches Browser OpenTelemetry Persistent Asset Storage Privacy Proxying Highlight React.js Error Boundary Recording Network Requests and Responses Recording WebSocket Events Salesforce Lightning Web Components (LWC) Data Export Sourcemap Configuration Tracking Events Troubleshooting Upgrading Highlight Versioning Sessions & Errors Other React Native (beta) Server Go Overview chi Echo Fiber Gin GORM gqlgen Logrus Manual Tracing gorilla mux JS Overview Apollo AWS Lambda Cloudflare Workers Express.js Firebase Hono Nest.js Next.js Node.js Pino tRPC Winston Python Overview AWS Lambda Azure Functions Django FastAPI Flask Google Cloud Functions Loguru Other Frameworks Python AI / LLM Libraries Python Libraries Ruby Overview Other Frameworks Ruby on Rails Rust Overview actix-web No Framework Hosting Providers Overview Metrics in AWS Logging in AWS Logging in Azure Fly.io NATS Log Shipper Logging in GCP Heroku Log Drain Render Log Stream Logging in Trigger.dev Vercel Log Drain Elixir Overview Elixir App Java: All Frameworks PHP: All Frameworks C# .NET ASP C# .NET 4 ASP Docker / Docker Compose File Fluent Forward curl OpenTelemetry Protocol (OTLP) Syslog RFC5424 Systemd / Journald Native OpenTelemetry Overview Error Monitoring Logging Tracing Browser Instrumentation Metrics Fullstack Frameworks Overview Next.js Fullstack Overview Next.js Page Router Guide Next.js App Router Guide Edge Runtime Advanced Config Remix Walkthrough Self Host & Local Dev Overview Development deployment guide. Integrations Microsoft Teams self-hosted Hobby deployment guide. Traefik SSL Proxying. Docs Home SDK Client SDK API Reference Cloudflare Worker SDK API Reference Go SDK API Reference Hono SDK API Reference Java SDK API Reference Next.JS SDK API Reference Node.JS SDK API Reference Python SDK API Reference Ruby SDK API Reference Rust SDK API Reference Docs / Getting Started / Server / Python / Google Cloud Functions Using highlight.io with Python on Google Cloud Functions Learn how to set up highlight.io on Google Cloud Functions. 1 Configure client-side Highlight. (optional) If you're using Highlight on the frontend for your application, make sure you've initialized it correctly and followed the fullstack mapping guide . 2 Install the highlight-io python package. Download the package from pypi and save it to your requirements. If you use a zip or s3 file upload to publish your function, you will want to make sure highlight-io is part of the build. poetry add highlight-io # or with pip pip install highlight-io 3 Initialize the Highlight SDK. Setup the SDK. Add the @observe_handler decorator to your functions. import logging import random from datetime import datetime import functions_framework import highlight_io from highlight_io.integrations.gcp import observe_handler # `instrument_logging=True` sets up logging instrumentation. # if you do not want to send logs or are using `loguru`, pass `instrument_logging=False` H = highlight_io.H( "<YOUR_PROJECT_ID>", instrument_logging=True, service_name="my-app", service_version="git-sha", environment="production", ) @observe_handler @functions_framework.http def hello_http(request): return "Hello {}!".format(name) 4 Verify your installation. Check that your installation is valid by throwing an error. Add an operation that raises an exception to your function. Setup an HTTP trigger and visit your function on the internet. You should see a DivideByZero error in the Highlight errors page within a few moments. import logging import random from datetime import datetime import functions_framework import highlight_io from highlight_io.integrations.gcp import observe_handler # `instrument_logging=True` sets up logging instrumentation. # if you do not want to send logs or are using `loguru`, pass `instrument_logging=False` H = highlight_io.H( "<YOUR_PROJECT_ID>", instrument_logging=True, service_name="my-app", service_version="git-sha", environment="production", ) @observe_handler @functions_framework.http def hello_http(request): return f"This might be a bad idea: {5/0}" 5 Verify your backend logs are being recorded. Visit the highlight logs portal and check that backend logs are coming in. 6 Verify your backend traces are being recorded. Visit the highlight traces portal and check that backend traces are coming in. Flask Loguru [object Object] | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://agileinaction.com/index | The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast Home Learn More Sponsors Latest Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond AI in Learning Design with Bhavneet Chahal, Co-founder and CEO at GoSkills Previous podcasts Learn Agile and Scrum in Two Hours with Luke Pivac, Co-author, Learn Agile and Scrum in 2 Hours Acknowledging Change and the Case for Project Professionals with Professor Adam Boddison, CEO, Association for Project Management AI and Agile in Federally Regulated Robotics Prototyping with Captain Jonathan Haase, Program Manager, US Navy Expeditionary Missions Program Office (PMS 408) at NAVSEA Pivoting with Purpose: Navigating Successful Business Pivots with Edik Baghdasaryan, Co-founder & CTO with Vazgen Tadevosyan, Co-Founder & CEO at Milies Objective-driven Agility with Allan Kelly, Author of Succeeding with OKRs in Agile (2nd edition) Living with complexity and exploring the Cynefin framework with Douglas Squirrel, Author of Agile Conversations Avoid traps along the value trail with David Pereira, CEO, omoqo GmbH and Author of Untrapping Product Teams Scaling AI Product Teams with Paolo Sammicheli, Author Scrum in AI: Artificial Intelligence Agile Development with Scrum Can Agile Transform Non-Software Teams Too? with Gil Broza, Author of Agile for Non-Software Teams and Delivery & Agile Leadership Expert Avoid the 'Undocumented Pipes' problem by slicing your work with Anton Skornyakov, Author of The Art of Slicing Work, Certified Scrum Trainer, Co-founder and Managing Director of Agile.coach In retrospect, this [Scrum] event should have been fun with Paulo Caroli, Speaker, Author, and Advisor at Thoughtworks Truth over artificial harmony with James "Murph" Murphy, Founder of Afterburner and Managing Partner at Afterburner Capital See all 136 podcasts >> subscribe via RSS The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast The Agile in Action with Bill Raymond Podcast bill.raymond@agileinaction.com williamraymond BillRaymond The Agile in Action Podcast with Bill Raymond serves listeners with unique perspectives of the people working tirelessly to modernize how teams work. | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-101-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 101 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 101 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 101 occurs when there is a configuration issue with your SMTP settings. This error is commonly associated with Google SMTP and is often triggered by invalid SSL or TLS configurations. What's Causing This SMTP Error 101: The SMTP 101 error may be caused by: Misconfigured port. Invalid SMTP host server. Invalid SMTP IP address. Invalid use of SSL or TLS. However, it is noteworthy that this error frequently occurs with Google SMTP due to issues related to SSL or TLS configurations. How SMTP Error 101 Manifests in Different Environments: SMTP Error 101 in phpmailer: Case 1: "SMTP Error 101 - Misconfigured port in phpmailer." Case 2: "SMTP Error 101 - Invalid SMTP host server in phpmailer." Case 3: "SMTP Error 101 - Invalid SMTP IP address in phpmailer." Case 4: "SMTP Error 101 - Invalid SSL or TLS usage in phpmailer." SMTP Error 101 in Jenkins: Case 1: "SMTP Error 101 - Misconfigured port in Jenkins." Case 2: "SMTP Error 101 - Invalid SMTP host server in Jenkins." Case 3: "SMTP Error 101 - Invalid SMTP IP address in Jenkins." Case 4: "SMTP Error 101 - Invalid SSL or TLS usage in Jenkins." How to Resolve SMTP Error 101 - Step-by-Step Solution: To resolve SMTP Error 101, follow these steps: Review your configurations : Double-check your SMTP settings and ensure they align with the configurations provided in the SMTP server's documentation. Check SSL or TLS settings : Verify that SSL or TLS configurations are accurate and match the requirements of your SMTP server. Google SMTP-specific solution : If using Google SMTP, enable "Less Secure Sign-In Technology" for your Google account and consider implementing the following configurations to address the error. By carefully examining and correcting these configurations, you can effectively resolve SMTP Error 101 in both phpmailer and Jenkins environments. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-453-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 453 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 453 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 453 is a transient or "4xx" error code returned by a mail server, indicating a temporary issue encountered while processing an email message. The error signifies that the server is presently unable to complete the requested action, but the problem may be resolved in the future. What's Causing This Error? SMTP Error 453 may arise due to various reasons, such as: Server overload: The mail server is currently processing a high volume of incoming email traffic, leading to temporary rejection of new connections or delayed email delivery to alleviate workload. Resource constraints: Limited server resources (e.g., CPU, memory, disk space) prompt temporary restrictions on new email deliveries to effectively manage available resources. Temporary server issues: Hardware or software glitches, network problems, or other transient issues within the server can also trigger SMTP Error 453. How to fix SMTP Error 453? To address SMTP Error 453, consider the following steps: Wait and retry: Since SMTP Error 453 is temporary, it is advisable to wait and retry sending the email later. The receiving server may be overloaded or temporarily unavailable, with the issue potentially resolving itself. Investigate resource constraints: If you have access to the receiving server, investigate and resolve any resource constraints contributing to the error. SMTP Error 453 Examples Example 1: "453 4.3.2 Temporary failure, please try again later." Example 2: "453 4.7.1 Server overloaded - Try again in 15 minutes." Example 3: "453 4.4.3 Server resources exhausted, try again in a few minutes." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-446-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 446 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 446 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 446 is a permanent or "5xx" error code issued by a mail server, signaling the rejection of an email message due to policy violations or abuse originating from the sender's email address or domain. This error indicates that the email server refuses to accept or deliver emails from the sender's address due to policy breaches. Eg: SMTP Error 446 occurs when the recipient's email server identifies policy violations or abuse from the sender, leading to the rejection of the email message. What's Causing This SMTP Error 446: SMTP Error 446 may be triggered by various issues: Policy violations: The mail server, managing a high volume of incoming email traffic, may experience delays due to policy violations. Blacklisting: The sender's domain or IP address could be listed on email blacklists, blocking known sources of spam or malicious emails. Suspicion of phishing or fraud: The sender's email address or content may raise suspicions of phishing attempts, fraud, or other malicious activities. Recipient server's security policies: The recipient's email server might enforce strict security policies, leading to SMTP Error 446 for certain senders. How to Resolve SMTP Error 446 - Step-by-Step Solution: To address SMTP Error 446, follow these steps: Contact email administrator: If facing SMTP error 446, reach out to the recipient's email administrator or support team to understand the reason for the block and request resolution. Address policy violations: If blocked due to policy violations, ensure compliance with email best practices, including obtaining proper consent for sending emails and adhering to anti-spam laws. Remove from blacklists: If your domain or IP address is blacklisted, take steps to remove it from the blacklist(s) and enhance your email reputation. Verify content and intent: Review your email content to ensure it appears neither malicious nor deceptive. Avoid misleading subject lines or engaging in fraudulent activities. Respect recipient server policies: Be aware of the recipient server's security policies and guidelines to prevent triggering blocks in the future. SMTP Error 446 Examples: "446 5.7.1 Sender address sender@example.com blocked due to policy violations." "446 5.1.0 The sender's domain is blacklisted. Emails from this domain are not accepted." "446 5.2.3 Suspicion of phishing activity detected. Email delivery denied." "446 5.5.2 Sender's IP address has been banned for abusive behavior." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/heroku-inference-working-with-mcp | Working With MCP on Heroku | Heroku Dev Center Skip Navigation Show nav Dev Center Get Started Documentation Changelog Search Dev Center Get Started Node.js Ruby on Rails Ruby Python Java PHP Go Scala Clojure .NET Documentation Changelog More Additional Resources Home Elements Products Pricing Careers Help Status Events Podcasts Compliance Center Heroku Blog Heroku Blog Find out what's new with Heroku on our blog. 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Heroku offers native support for MCP servers through the Managed Inference and Agents add-on , which automatically handles tool registration, execution, and orchestration. With the add-on, you can use the Managed Inference and Agents API to view registered MCP tools and run registered MCP tools automatically . The add-on also enables you to build an MCP toolkit. An MCP toolkit is a collection of Heroku-hosted MCP servers that are accessible to your model through a unified URL. Toolkits provide a secure, centralized way to manage and run AI tools. To use the Managed Inference and Agents API and create an MCP toolkit, deploy and then register your custom MCP servers with an add-on chat model on Heroku. Deploy and Register Custom MCP Servers Only deploy MCP Servers that you trust. Registering third-party MCP Servers can result in vulnerability to malicious actors. Deploy a Custom MCP Server to Heroku To deploy an MCP server to Heroku, create a Procfile that defines your MCP process and add any required files for your language of choice (e.g., requirements.txt for Python, Gemfile for Ruby). For examples, see our open source MCP templates . When you deploy a standard MCP server to Heroku, you can use frameworks like LangChain with our /v1/chat/completions endpoint to make tool calls directly to your server. However, this approach requires you to: Build and maintain a control loop to handle tool calls from the model, execute them, and return structured responses Manage several different MCP servers and tool sets Have multi-tenant long-running SSE or streamable HTTP MCP servers, which can be less secure and costly Instead, you can use Heroku’s Managed Inference and Agents add-on . The add-on automatically handles tool registration, execution, and orchestration. It also grants you access to the Managed Inference and Agents API and enables you to build an MCP toolkit. To use Managed Inference and Agents add-on features, register your deployed custom MCP servers with Heroku. Register a Custom MCP Server with Heroku You must register deployed MCP servers with Heroku to access servers and enable automatic custom tool execution through the Managed Inference and Agents API . Registration also builds out your MCP toolkit, which gives your model access to all of your Heroku-hosted MCP servers registered with that model resource through a single URL. There are two steps to register your deployed MCP app with Heroku: Add a line to your MCP app’s Procfile . Attach your MCP app to the add-on model you want to access your server. Heroku provides open-source MCP example repos you can modify and deploy to Heroku: Purpose Repository Ruby Code Execution mcp-code-exec-ruby Python Code Execution mcp-code-exec-python Go Code Execution mcp-code-exec-go Node Code Execution mcp-code-exec-node Document Parsing (HTML & PDF –> Markdown) mcp-doc-reader These examples are standard MCP apps. They include required files (e.g. Procfile) and have an additional line in the Procfile to declare the MCP server. To deploy an example repo as is, click the Deploy to Heroku button in the README . These tools are also available natively as heroku_tools and don’t require MCP deployment. Deployment offers additional benefits, including no upper limit on ttl_seconds for dyno runtime . You can fork the example repos to help you develop and deploy your own custom tools. Currently, MCP servers running in Private Spaces cannot be registered or used by /v1/agents/heroku . Add an MCP Line to a Procfile To register, add a line to your MCP app’s Procfile that declares the MCP server. Procfile STDIO server names must: Start with "mcp" Be unique across all apps registered with your model resource For example, Procfiles that declare MCP servers, see Heroku’s open-source MCP repos (e.g. Python Procfile ). Attach an MCP Server to an Add-on Attaching an MCP Server gives it full access to the Heroku Managed Inference and Agents add-on. Only attach MCP Servers that you trust, because a malicious MCP Server could access all tools and data available to the add-on. Attach your deployed MCP app to a Heroku Managed Inference and Agents chat model to grant the model access to your MCP server’s tools. To attach a new model resource to an MCP app , run: heroku ai:models:create MODEL_NAME -a $APP_NAME --as INFERENCE To attach an existing model resource to an MCP app , run: heroku addons:attach MODEL_RESOURCE -a $APP_NAME --as INFERENCE If you have an app you’re already running inference requests from, you can attach the MCP server to your app’s inference add-on to grant it access to MCP tools. After attaching, your MCP server is automatically registered, tools synced, and requests made to /v1/agents/heroku with your model can execute your tools automatically in secure, isolated, one-off dynos. List Registered MCP Servers To access the Managed Inference and Agents API, retrieve your model resource’s INFERENCE_KEY and INFERENCE_URL : export INFERENCE_KEY=$(heroku config:get INFERENCE_KEY -a $APP_NAME) export INFERENCE_URL=$(heroku config:get INFERENCE_URL -a $APP_NAME) List all MCP servers registered to your model with the /v1/mcp/servers endpoint: curl "$INFERENCE_URL/v1/mcp/servers" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer $INFERENCE_KEY" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" | jq . The endpoint returns metadata about each server, including its process type, namespace, and all registered tools with their schemas and annotations. To learn more about the response format, see the /v1/mcp/servers API reference . Execute Tools Automatically with /v1/agents/heroku After you register an MCP server , you can include its tools in the tools parameter when you call the /v1/agents/heroku endpoint. For each tool you want your model to have access to, include a Tool Object with "type": "mcp" and the tool’s name. The tool only executes if the model chooses to call it during generation. Example /v1/agents/heroku Request with mcp Tool curl "$INFERENCE_URL/v1/agents/heroku" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer $INFERENCE_KEY" \ -H "X-Forwarded-Proto: https" \ -d @- <<EOF { "model": "claude-4-sonnet", "messages": [ { "role": "user", "content": "Use the code exec tool to take the sha256 of the following string: 'Heroku Rocks'." } ], "tools": [ { "type": "mcp", "name": "code_exec_python" } ] } EOF You don’t need to include tool parameters, schemas, or descriptions in a /v1/agents/heroku request, because after registration metadata is included automatically. To learn more, see the /v1/agents/heroku docs. Example /v1/agents/heroku mcp Tool Call Response event:message data:{"id":"chatcmpl-184410e4ae2b7bb5180ae","object":"chat.completion","created":1748541138,"model":"claude-4-sonnet","system_fingerprint":"heroku-inf-1sefyj8","choices":[{"index":0,"message":{"role":"assistant","content":"I'll use the Python code execution tool to calculate the SHA256 hash of the string 'Heroku Rocks'.","refusal":null,"tool_calls":[{"id":"tooluse_GDSgVgflTByFOnL_ZbCrhQ","type":"function","function":{"name":"mcp-python/code_exec_python","arguments":"{\"code\":\"import hashlib\\n\\n# String to hash\\ntext = 'Heroku Rocks'\\n\\n# Calculate SHA256 hash\\nsha256_hash = hashlib.sha256(text.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()\\n\\nprint(f\\\"String: {text}\\\")\\nprint(f\\\"SHA256: {sha256_hash}\\\")\"}"}}]},"finish_reason":"tool_calls"}],"usage":{"prompt_tokens":629,"completion_tokens":163,"total_tokens":792}} event:message data:{"id":"chatcmpl-184410e4ae2b7bb5180ae","object":"tool.completion","created":1748541141,"system_fingerprint":"heroku-inf-1sefyj8","choices":[{"index":0,"message":{"role":"tool","content":"Tool 'mcp-python/code_exec_python' returned result: {\"content\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"{\\n \\\"returncode\\\": 0,\\n \\\"stdout\\\": \\\"String: Heroku Rocks\\\\nSHA256: 7ebc92bcf8f51f0b623a18f0a357639410a409340043c7a670bb180acd138e6b\\\",\\n \\\"stderr\\\": \\\"\\\"\\n}\"}],\"isError\":false}","refusal":null,"tool_call_id":"tooluse_GDSgVgflTByFOnL_ZbCrhQ","name":"mcp-python/code_exec_python"},"finish_reason":""}],"usage":{}} event:message data:{"id":"chatcmpl-184410e4ae2b7bb5180ae","object":"chat.completion","created":1748541146,"model":"claude-4-sonnet","system_fingerprint":"heroku-inf-1sefyj8","choices":[{"index":0,"message":{"role":"assistant","content":"The SHA256 hash of the string 'Heroku Rocks' is:\n\n**7ebc92bcf8f51f0b623a18f0a357639410a409340043c7a670bb180acd138e6b**","refusal":null},"finish_reason":"stop"}],"usage":{"prompt_tokens":947,"completion_tokens":62,"total_tokens":1009}} event:done data:[DONE] Manage MCP Servers You can view and manage your registered MCP tools with the CLI or in the Heroku dashboard . Run this CLI command : heroku addons:open INFERENCE -a $APP_NAME Alternatively, in your dashboard : Click your app to open it. Select the Resources tab. Select the Managed Inference and Agents add-on under Add-on Services . Use Registered Tools With External Clients External AI applications like Cursor provide the ability to integrate with MCP servers via configuration files. To integrate an external AI application with your deployed and registered Heroku mcp tools: Run this CLI command to open your add-on in the Heroku dashboard : heroku addons:open INFERENCE -a $APP_NAME Copy the Toolkit URL ( $INFERENCE_URL/mcp/sse ) and Toolkit Token ( $INFERENCE_KEY ). Add the Toolkit URL and Toolkit Token to your client’s configuration file. For example, in Cursor , your .cursor/mcp.json might look like this: { "mcpServers": { "myCustomTools": { "command": "npx", "args": [ "mcp-remote", "<YOUR-TOOLKIT-URL>", "--header", "Authorization:${AUTH_HEADER}" ], "env": { "AUTH_HEADER": "Bearer <YOUR-TOOLKIT-TOKEN>" } } } } Test Registered Tools with MCP Inspector You can test deployed MCP servers with MCP Inspector : Run this command: npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector Open the locally hosted UI (typically http://127.0.0.1:6274 ). Select SSE under Transport Type in the left pane. Under URL , add $INFERENCE_URL/mcp/sse (e.g. https://us.inference.heroku.com/mcp/sse ). Select Authentication and add your model add-on’s $INFERENCE_KEY as the Bearer Token . Click Connect . You can now list your tools and make example requests in MCP Inspector. The MCP Inspector interface uses SSE, but underlying tool call executions are run in secure, isolated, one-off dynos (STDIO mode). Additional Reading Managed Inference and Agents API /v1/agents/heroku Managed Inference and Agents API /v1/mcp/servers Feedback Log in to submit feedback. Information & Support Getting Started Documentation Changelog Compliance Center Training & Education Blog Support Channels Status Language Reference Node.js Ruby Java PHP Python Go Scala Clojure .NET Other Resources Careers Elements Products Pricing RSS Dev Center Articles Dev Center Changelog Heroku Blog Heroku News Blog Heroku Engineering Blog Twitter Dev Center Articles Dev Center Changelog Heroku Heroku Status Github LinkedIn © 2026 Salesforce, Inc. All rights reserved. Various trademarks held by their respective owners. Salesforce Tower, 415 Mission Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, United States heroku.com Legal Terms of Service Privacy Information Responsible Disclosure Trust Contact Cookie Preferences Your Privacy Choices | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://share.transistor.fm/s/d0bfd61c#copya | APIs You Won't Hate | API Environmentalism with Alexander Karan of Climate Clever APIs You Won't Hate 40 ? 30 : 10)" @keyup.document.left="seekBySeconds(-10)" @keyup.document.m="toggleMute" @keyup.document.s="toggleSpeed" @play="play(false, true)" @loadedmetadata="handleLoadedMetadata" @pause="pause(true)" preload="none" @timejump.window="seekToSeconds($event.detail.timestamp); shareTimeFormatted = formatTime($event.detail.timestamp)" > Trailer Bonus 10 40 ? 30 : 10)" class="seek-seconds-button" > 40 ? 30 : 10"> Subscribe Share More Info Download More episodes Subscribe newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyFeedUrl()" class="form-input-group" > Copied to clipboard Apple Podcasts Spotify Pocket Casts Overcast Castro YouTube Goodpods Goodpods Metacast Amazon Music Pandora CastBox Anghami Anghami Fountain JioSaavn Gaana iHeartRadio TuneIn TuneIn Player FM SoundCloud SoundCloud Deezer Podcast Addict Share newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyShareUrl()" class="form-input-group" > Share Copied to clipboard newValue ? setTimeout(() => copied = false, 2500) : null)" @click="copied = copyEmbedHtml()" class="form-input-group" > Embed Copied to clipboard Start at Trailer Bonus Full Transcript View the website updateDescriptionLinks($el))" class="episode-description" > Chapters August 2, 2022 by APIs You Won't Hate View the website Listen On Apple Podcasts Listen On Spotify Listen On YouTube RSS Feed Subscribe RSS Feed RSS Feed URL Copied! Follow Episode Details Mike chats with Alexander Karan, CTO of Climate Clever, where "You can't manage what you don't measure" is a mantra. Climate Clever is an API-first company helping businesses, schools, and homeowners in Australia manage and minimize their carbon footprints. Show Notes Mike chats with Alexander Karan, CTO of Climate Clever, where "You can't manage what you don't measure" is a mantra. Climate Clever is an API-first company helping businesses, schools, and homeowners in Australia manage and minimize their carbon footprints. Climate Clever - https://www.climateclever.org/ Alexander's recent Article on APIs You Won't Hate: Modern API deployment options in the cloud Scope 1 and Scope 2 Inventory Guidance - US EPA Alexander Karan (@alexanderkaran_) on twitter Thank you so much to our sponsors: Lob: https://lob.com/careers Treblle : https://treblle.com/apisyoulove Creators and Guests AK Host Alexander Karan Software engineer, teacher and speaker - A technical leader with more than 12 years of programming experience designing and building versatile APIs, growing teams and delivering products with a fantastic user experience. Host Mike Bifulco Cofounder and host of APIs You Won't Hate. Blogs at https://mikebifulco.com Into 🚴♀️, espresso ☕, looking after 🌍. ex @Stripe @Google @Microsoft What is APIs You Won't Hate? A no-nonsense (well, some-nonsense) podcast about API design & development, new features in the world of HTTP, service-orientated architecture, microservices, and probably bikes. All audio, artwork, episode descriptions and notes are property of APIs You Won't Hate, for APIs You Won't Hate, and published with permission by Transistor, Inc. Broadcast by | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-221-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 221 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 221 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 221 is an authentication error that can be attributed to one of the following four reasons: Invalid username or password. Incorrect SMTP server configuration. Absence of SMTP authentication for the account. Non-utilization of SSL or TLS. What's Causing This SMTP Error 221: The SMTP error 221 arises due to: Invalid credentials: The provided username or password is incorrect. Incorrect SMTP server: Attempting authentication with an incorrect SMTP server. Lack of SMTP authentication: Failure to enable SMTP authentication for the specific account. Non-use of SSL or TLS: Sending emails without employing SSL or TLS. How SMTP Error 221 Manifests in Different Environments: SMTP Error 221 in phpmailer: Case 1: "SMTP Error 221 - Invalid credentials in phpmailer." Case 2: "SMTP Error 221 - Incorrect SMTP server in phpmailer." Case 3: "SMTP Error 221 - Lack of SMTP authentication in phpmailer." Case 4: "SMTP Error 221 - Non-use of SSL or TLS in phpmailer." SMTP Error 221 in Jenkins: Case 1: "SMTP Error 221 - Invalid credentials in Jenkins." Case 2: "SMTP Error 221 - Incorrect SMTP server in Jenkins." Case 3: "SMTP Error 221 - Lack of SMTP authentication in Jenkins." Case 4: "SMTP Error 221 - Non-use of SSL or TLS in Jenkins." How to Resolve SMTP Error 221 - Step-by-Step Solution: To resolve SMTP Error 221, follow these steps: Check username and password: Ensure that the provided SMTP username and password are accurate. Verify SMTP server host: Confirm the correctness of the SMTP server host. For instance, if using a Gmail account, use the Gmail SMTP host address (smtp.gmail.com). Enable SMTP authentication: If not already enabled, activate SMTP authentication for the specific account. For Gmail accounts, enable "Less Secure Sign-In Technology." Utilize SSL or TLS: If the error persists, configure the port according to your SMTP server documentation. Use port 465 for SSL and port 587 for TLS when sending emails via Google. By addressing these aspects, you can successfully resolve SMTP Error 221 in both phpmailer and Jenkins environments. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-501-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 501 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 501 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 501 occurs when there is a syntax error in parameters or arguments of the email message or SMTP commands. This error indicates a failure in processing the email due to incorrect formatting. How to fix SMTP Error 501? To resolve SMTP Error 501, follow these steps: Review the email message: Carefully review the email message content, including headers, subject lines, and recipient addresses, to ensure they adhere to standard email format requirements. Check recipient addresses: Verify that the recipient's email address is spelled correctly and formatted properly. Address syntax errors: Correct any syntax errors in the email message or SMTP commands. Ensure that commas, periods, and other punctuation are correctly placed. Avoid suspicious content: If you suspect spam or security filters are causing the SMTP error 501, review the email's content for potentially problematic elements, such as suspicious links or attachments. SMTP Error 501 Examples Case 1: "501 Syntax error in parameters or arguments." Case 2: "501 5.1.7 Invalid address in 'RCPT TO' command: <recipient@example..com>" Case 3: "501 5.5.4 Invalid header format in email message." Case 4: "501 5.7.1 Message content flagged as spam. Refused delivery." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-111-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 111 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 111 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 111 occurs when encountering issues while connecting with the remote SMTP server. This error may arise due to problems such as invalid sender domains or firewall restrictions. In certain mail server environments, like Amazon SES, the 111 error might be triggered by issues like invalid login credentials or blocked email sending ports by the recipient. What's Causing This SMTP Error 111: The SMTP 111 error can be attributed to: Issues connecting with the remote SMTP server. Invalid sender domains. Firewall issues restricting the connection. For certain mail servers (e.g., Amazon SES), the 111 error may result from invalid login credentials or blocked email sending ports. How SMTP Error 111 Manifests in Different Environments: SMTP Error 111 in phpmailer: Case 1: "SMTP Error 111 - Issues connecting with the remote SMTP server in phpmailer." Case 2: "SMTP Error 111 - Invalid sender domains in phpmailer." Case 3: "SMTP Error 111 - Firewall issues restricting the connection in phpmailer." Case 4: "SMTP Error 111 - 111 error due to invalid login credentials or blocked ports in phpmailer." SMTP Error 111 in Jenkins: Case 1: "SMTP Error 111 - Issues connecting with the remote SMTP server in Jenkins." Case 2: "SMTP Error 111 - Invalid sender domains in Jenkins." Case 3: "SMTP Error 111 - Firewall issues restricting the connection in Jenkins." Case 4: "SMTP Error 111 - 111 error due to invalid login credentials or blocked ports in Jenkins." How to Resolve SMTP Error 111 - Step-by-Step Solution: To resolve SMTP Error 111, follow these steps: Validate the recipient email address: Double-check the spelling and accuracy of the recipient's email address, especially the domain name. Confirm SMTP authentication credentials: Ensure that you've provided the correct username and password for SMTP authentication. Verify email sending port availability: Check that the email sending port is accessible on your end and is accepted on the recipient's end. If the issue persists, troubleshoot the SMTP server for potential firewall issues by attempting to connect to the recipient SMTP server through your local computer. If unsuccessful, it may indicate a problem on the recipient's end, requiring you to contact them for further information. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.facebook.com/allactivity?privacy_source=activity_log_top_menu | Facebook Facebook 이메일 또는 휴대폰 비밀번호 계정을 잊으셨나요? 가입하기 Notice 계속하려면 로그인해주세요. Facebook에 로그인 로그인 계정을 잊으셨나요? 새 계정 만들기 한국어 English (US) Tiếng Việt Bahasa Indonesia ภาษาไทย Español 中文(简体) 日本語 Português (Brasil) Français (France) Deutsch 가입하기 로그인 Messenger Facebook Lite 동영상 Meta Pay Meta 스토어 Meta Quest Ray-Ban Meta Meta AI Meta AI 콘텐츠 더 보기 Instagram Threads 투표 정보 센터 개인정보처리방침 개인정보 보호 센터 정보 광고 만들기 페이지 만들기 개발자 채용 정보 쿠키 AdChoices 이용 약관 고객 센터 연락처 업로드 및 비사용자 설정 활동 로그 Meta © 2026 | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-541-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 541 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 541 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 541 signifies your email was rejected due to problems with the recipient's email address or domain . This permanent (5xx) error indicates the recipient's address is invalid, unauthorized, or blocked by security filters. This error can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 541? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 541: Non-existent Recipient: The recipient's email address (in "RCPT TO" or "To:" field) doesn't correspond to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Invalid Recipient Domain: The recipient's email domain (e.g., example.com) is non-existent, expired, or has DNS issues. Unauthorized Recipient: The recipient's domain or email address is not authorized to receive from you or is blocked by their server's policies. Content Filtering: The email's content might violate the recipient server's policies, such as containing spam, malware, or prohibited elements. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 541 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 541: Double-check Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is accurate, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Verify Recipient Domain: Confirm the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't facing policy-related blockages. Contact Recipient Administrators: If the recipient's domain has issues, their administrators might need to resolve technical problems or adjust email acceptance policies. Review Email Content: Analyze the email message for potential policy violations like spammy content or malicious attachments, ensuring it complies with the recipient server's policies. How to Resolve SMTP Error 541 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Recipient Address: Meticulously check the recipient's email address for accuracy, completeness, and validity (phpmailer, jenkins). Confirm Recipient Domain: Ensure the recipient's email domain is functional, has no DNS issues, and isn't experiencing policy-based blockages. Contact Recipient Administrators: If the recipient's domain faces issues, consider contacting their administrators for technical assistance or policy adjustments. Review Email Content: Scrutinize the email content for potential policy violations like spammy content or malicious attachments, ensuring it adheres to the recipient server's policies. SMTP Error 541 Examples "541 5.1.1 recipient@example.com: Recipient address does not exist." "541 5.4.5 recipient@example.com: Domain name not found. Check recipient domain." "541 5.7.0 recipient@example.com: Unauthorized recipient. Email blocked due to policy reasons." "541 5.1.2 Content filtering detected prohibited content in the email message. Delivery denied." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.facebook.com/lite/ | Android용 Facebook Lite APK Facebook Lite Android에서 더욱 빠르게 Facebook을 이용할 수 있습니다. 다운로드 3.3 MB 데이터를 절약해주는 Facebook 버전을 만나보세요. 모든 네트워크 환경에서 이용할 수 있습니다. Facebook Lite의 특징: 빠른 설치 – 앱 크기가 작아서 다운로드가 빠르고 설치 공간도 적습니다. 이전 버전의 Android 휴대폰에서 작동 - 일반 Facebook 앱이 지원되지 않는 이전 버전의 Android 휴대폰에서도 사용할 수 있습니다. 데이터 절약- 더욱 효율적인 모바일 데이터 사용으로 데이터 사용량을 줄여 요금을 절약할 수 있습니다. 빠른 속도 - Facebook 앱 중 가장 빠른 속도를 자랑하므로 더욱 빠르게 사진을 업로드하고 친구의 소식을 볼 수 있습니다. 모든 네트워크 지원 - 2G 네트워크 및 인터넷 연결이 느리거나 불안정한 지역에서도 원활하게 사용할 수 있습니다. 호환성: Android 2.2 이상 마지막 업데이트 날짜: 2026년 1월 12일 한국어 English (US) Tiếng Việt Bahasa Indonesia ภาษาไทย Español 中文(简体) 日本語 Português (Brasil) Français (France) Deutsch 가입하기 로그인 Messenger Facebook Lite 동영상 Meta Pay Meta 스토어 Meta Quest Ray-Ban Meta Meta AI Meta AI 콘텐츠 더 보기 Instagram Threads 투표 정보 센터 개인정보처리방침 개인정보 보호 센터 정보 광고 만들기 페이지 만들기 개발자 채용 정보 쿠키 AdChoices 이용 약관 고객 센터 연락처 업로드 및 비사용자 설정 활동 로그 Meta © 2026 | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://survey.stackoverflow.co/2025/ai?utm_source=chatgpt.com#sentiment-and-usage | AI | 2025 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Products Stack Overflow Where developers and technologists go to gain and share knowledge. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers Advertising Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand Knowledge Solutions Data licensing offering for businesses to build and improve AI tools and models Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing About the company Visit the blog Developers Technology AI Work Stack Overflow Methodology 3 AI In this section we gain insight into the real sentiments behind the surge in AI popularity. Is it making a real impact in the way developers work or is it all hype? 3.1. Sentiment and usage → 3.2. Developer tools → 3.3. AI Agents → 3.1 Sentiment and usage AI tools in the development process 84% of respondents are using or planning to use AI tools in their development process, an increase over last year (76%). This year we can see 51% of professional developers use AI tools daily. Do you currently use AI tools in your development process? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Yes, I use AI tools daily 47.1% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.7% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13.7% No, but I plan to soon 5.3% No, and I don't plan to 16.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,662 ( 68.7% ) Professional Developers Yes, I use AI tools daily 50.6% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.4% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 12.8% No, but I plan to soon 4.6% No, and I don't plan to 14.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 26,004 ( 53% ) Learning to Code Yes, I use AI tools daily 39.5% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 18.7% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 15.1% No, but I plan to soon 7.2% No, and I don't plan to 19.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,843 ( 5.8% ) Early Career Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 55.5% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 18.1% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 11.5% No, but I plan to soon 2.5% No, and I don't plan to 12.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,360 ( 13% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 52.8% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 16.8% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13.5% No, but I plan to soon 3.7% No, and I don't plan to 13.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,997 ( 12.2% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 47.3% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.2% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13% No, but I plan to soon 6% No, and I don't plan to 16.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 13,001 ( 26.5% ) Experienced dev defined as 10+ years work experience AI tool sentiment Conversely to usage, positive sentiment for AI tools has decreased in 2025: 70%+ in 2023 and 2024 to just 60% this year. Professionals show a higher overall favorable sentiment (61%) than those learning to code (53%). How favorable is your stance on using AI tools as part of your development workflow? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Very favorable 22.9% Favorable 36.8% Indifferent 17.6% Unsure 2.3% Unfavorable 10.8% Very unfavorable 9.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,412 ( 68.2% ) Professional Developers Very favorable 23.5% Favorable 37.7% Indifferent 17.4% Unsure 1.8% Unfavorable 10.6% Very unfavorable 9.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,814 ( 52.7% ) Learning to Code Very favorable 19.3% Favorable 33.5% Indifferent 16.6% Unsure 4.3% Unfavorable 13.6% Very unfavorable 12.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,812 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Very favorable 22.8% Favorable 40.3% Indifferent 17% Unsure 1.3% Unfavorable 10.3% Very unfavorable 8.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,293 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Very favorable 23.8% Favorable 38.9% Indifferent 16.2% Unsure 1.5% Unfavorable 11% Very unfavorable 8.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,957 ( 12.2% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Very favorable 23.9% Favorable 36% Indifferent 18.1% Unsure 2.1% Unfavorable 10.3% Very unfavorable 9.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,941 ( 26.4% ) Experienced devs defined as 10+ years work experience 3.2 Developer tools Accuracy of AI tools More developers actively distrust the accuracy of AI tools (46%) than trust it (33%), and only a fraction (3%) report "highly trusting" the output. Experienced developers are the most cautious, with the lowest "highly trust" rate (2.6%) and the highest "highly distrust" rate (20%), indicating a widespread need for human verification for those in roles with accountability. How much do you trust the accuracy of the output from AI tools as part of your development workflow? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Highly trust 3.1% Somewhat trust 29.6% Somewhat distrust 26.1% Highly distrust 19.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,244 ( 67.8% ) Professional Developers Highly trust 2.7% Somewhat trust 29.6% Somewhat distrust 26.3% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,701 ( 52.4% ) Learning to Code Highly trust 6.1% Somewhat trust 31.3% Somewhat distrust 24.2% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,781 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Highly trust 3% Somewhat trust 31.1% Somewhat distrust 25.7% Highly distrust 17.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,254 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Highly trust 2.8% Somewhat trust 30.3% Somewhat distrust 26.1% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,931 ( 12.1% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Highly trust 2.5% Somewhat trust 28.6% Somewhat distrust 26.7% Highly distrust 20.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,908 ( 26.3% ) Experienced devs defined as 10+ years work experience AI tools' ability to handle complex tasks In 2024, 35% of professional developers already believed that AI tools struggled with complex tasks. This year, that number has dropped to 29% among professional developers and is consistent amongst experience levels. Complex tasks carry too much risk to spend extra time proving out the efficacy of AI tools. How well do the AI tools you use in your development workflow handle complex tasks? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Very well at handling complex tasks 4.4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.2% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.1% Bad at handling complex tasks 22% Very poor at handling complex tasks 17.6% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 16.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,230 ( 67.8% ) Professional Developers Very well at handling complex tasks 3.9% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.2% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.2% Bad at handling complex tasks 22.8% Very poor at handling complex tasks 18.6% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 15.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,695 ( 52.4% ) Learning to Code Very well at handling complex tasks 7.9% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.8% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 12.4% Bad at handling complex tasks 19% Very poor at handling complex tasks 16.3% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 18.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,779 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 28.1% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 13.4% Bad at handling complex tasks 23.6% Very poor at handling complex tasks 19.2% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 11.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,258 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.4% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 13.8% Bad at handling complex tasks 23.9% Very poor at handling complex tasks 19.5% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 13.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,922 ( 12.1% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 3.6% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 23.5% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.9% Bad at handling complex tasks 22.1% Very poor at handling complex tasks 17.9% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 18% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,901 ( 26.3% ) Experienced dev career defined as 10+ years work experience AI in the development workflow Developers show the most resistance to using AI for high-responsibility, systemic tasks like Deployment and monitoring (76% don't plan to) and Project planning (69% don't plan to). Which parts of your development workflow are you currently integrating into AI or using AI tools to accomplish or plan to use AI to accomplish over the next 3 - 5 years? Please select one for each scenario. Currently Mostly AI Currently Partially AI Plan to Partially Use AI Plan to Mostly Use AI Don't Plan to Use AI for This Task Currently Mostly AI Search for answers 54.1% Generating content or synthetic data 35.8% Learning new concepts or technologies 33.1% Documenting code 30.8% Creating or maintaining documentation 24.8% Learning about a codebase 20.8% Debugging or fixing code 20.7% Testing code 17.9% Writing code 16.9% Predictive analytics 11% Project planning 10.8% Committing and reviewing code 10.2% Deployment and monitoring 6.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 11,202 ( 22.9% ) Currently Partially AI Search for answers 55.8% Generating content or synthetic data 28.6% Learning new concepts or technologies 47.4% Documenting code 30.3% Creating or maintaining documentation 27.3% Learning about a codebase 32.7% Debugging or fixing code 47.1% Testing code 27.5% Writing code 59% Predictive analytics 12.7% Project planning 17.1% Committing and reviewing code 22.6% Deployment and monitoring 10.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,991 ( 42.8% ) Plan to Partially Use AI Search for answers 24% Generating content or synthetic data 28% Learning new concepts or technologies 27.9% Documenting code 30.5% Creating or maintaining documentation 32.5% Learning about a codebase 34.9% Debugging or fixing code 30.9% Testing code 34.7% Writing code 32.4% Predictive analytics 25% Project planning 24.8% Committing and reviewing code 31.4% Deployment and monitoring 25% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 22,518 ( 45.9% ) Plan to Mostly Use AI Search for answers 17.2% Generating content or synthetic data 28.9% Learning new concepts or technologies 15.7% Documenting code 28.6% Creating or maintaining documentation 31.8% Learning about a codebase 23.1% Debugging or fixing code 14.8% Testing code 25.8% Writing code 12.4% Predictive analytics 23% Project planning 14.3% Committing and reviewing code 16.3% Deployment and monitoring 15.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,790 ( 26.1% ) Don't Plan to Use AI for This Task Search for answers 19.6% Generating content or synthetic data 38.2% Learning new concepts or technologies 32.3% Documenting code 38.5% Creating or maintaining documentation 39.6% Learning about a codebase 39.4% Debugging or fixing code 36.4% Testing code 44.1% Writing code 28.9% Predictive analytics 65.6% Project planning 69.2% Committing and reviewing code 58.7% Deployment and monitoring 75.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,349 ( 51.7% ) AI workflow and tool satisfaction Respondents who said they are currently using mostly AI tools to complete tasks in the development workflow are highly satisfied with and frequently using AI to search for answers or learn new concepts; respondents plan to mostly use AI in the future for documentation and testing tasks and are slightly less satisfied with the tools they are using now. How favorable is your stance on using AI tools as part of your development workflow and which parts of your development workflow are you currently integrating into AI or using AI tools to accomplish or plan to use AI to accomplish over the next 3 - 5 years? Please select one for each scenario. Currently mostly AI Currently partially AI Plan to partially use AI Plan to mostly use AI Don't plan to use AI for this task Currently mostly AI Number of responses 6,053 685 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 11,184 ( 22.8% ) Currently partially AI Number of responses 12,382 2,194 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % 60 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,980 ( 42.8% ) Plan to partially use AI Number of responses 7,858 5,400 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 % 24 % 25 % 26 % 27 % 28 % 29 % 30 % 31 % 32 % 33 % 34 % 35 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 22,500 ( 45.9% ) Plan to mostly use AI Number of responses 4,056 1,588 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 % 12 % 14 % 16 % 18 % 20 % 22 % 24 % 26 % 28 % 30 % 32 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,777 ( 26.1% ) Don't plan to use AI for this task Number of responses 19,211 4,953 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % 60 % 65 % 70 % 75 % 80 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,332 ( 51.7% ) AI tool frustrations The biggest single frustration, cited by 66% of developers, is dealing with "AI solutions that are almost right, but not quite," which often leads to the second-biggest frustration: "Debugging AI-generated code is more time-consuming" (45%) When using AI tools, which of the following problems or frustrations have you encountered? Select all that apply. All Respondents AI solutions that are almost right, but not quite 66% Debugging AI-generated code is more time-consuming 45.2% I don’t use AI tools regularly 23.5% I’ve become less confident in my own problem-solving 20% It’s hard to understand how or why the code works 16.3% Other (write in): 11.6% I haven’t encountered any problems 4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,476 ( 64.2% ) AI and humans in the future In a future with advanced AI, the #1 reason developers would still ask a person for help is "When I don’t trust AI’s answers" (75%). This positions human developers as the ultimate arbiters of quality and correctness. In the future, if AI can do most coding tasks, in which situations would you still want to ask another person for help? Select all that apply. All Respondents When I don’t trust AI’s answers 75.3% When I have ethical or security concerns about code 61.7% When I want to fully understand something 61.3% When I want to learn best practices 58.1% When I’m stuck and can’t explain the problem 54.6% When I need help fixing complex or unfamiliar code 49.8% When I want to compare different solutions 44.1% When I need quick help troubleshooting 27.5% Other 6.1% I don’t think I’ll need help from people anymore 4.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 29,163 ( 59.5% ) Vibe coding Most respondents are not vibe coding (72%), and an additional 5% are emphatic it not being part of their development workflow. In your own words, is "vibe coding" part of your professional development work? For this question, we define vibe coding according to the Wikipedia definition , the process of generating software from LLM prompts. All Respondents 18-24 years old 25-34 years old 35-44 years old 45-54 years old 55-64 years old All Respondents Yes, emphatically 0.4% Yes 11.9% Yes, somewhat 2.8% I have tried it 2.1% Not sure 1.2% No 72.2% No, emphatically 5.3% Uncategorized 4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 26,564 ( 54.2% ) 18-24 years old Yes, emphatically 0.3% Yes 11.6% Yes, somewhat 3.2% I have tried it 2.4% Not sure 1.2% No 72.8% No, emphatically 5.1% Uncategorized 3.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 4,212 ( 8.6% ) 25-34 years old Yes, emphatically 0.4% Yes 11.8% Yes, somewhat 3.2% I have tried it 1.6% Not sure 1.3% No 72.3% No, emphatically 5.7% Uncategorized 3.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 8,526 ( 17.4% ) 35-44 years old Yes, emphatically 0.5% Yes 12% Yes, somewhat 2.8% I have tried it 2.2% Not sure 1.1% No 72% No, emphatically 5.4% Uncategorized 4.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 7,607 ( 15.5% ) 45-54 years old Yes, emphatically 0.5% Yes 12.7% Yes, somewhat 2.5% I have tried it 1.9% Not sure 1.3% No 71.3% No, emphatically 5.2% Uncategorized 4.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,838 ( 7.8% ) 55-64 years old Yes, emphatically 0.8% Yes 11.4% Yes, somewhat 2% I have tried it 3.1% Not sure 1.5% No 71.3% No, emphatically 4.6% Uncategorized 5.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 1,657 ( 3.4% ) 3.3 AI Agents AI agents AI agents are not yet mainstream. A majority of developers (52%) either don't use agents or stick to simpler AI tools, and a significant portion (38%) have no plans to adopt them. Are you using AI agents in your work (development or otherwise)? AI agents refer to autonomous software entities that can operate with minimal to no direct human intervention using artificial intelligence techniques. All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Professional AI Users Learning AI Users All Respondents Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 14.1% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.8% No, but I plan to 17.4% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 13.8% No, and I don't plan to 37.9% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,877 ( 65% ) Professional Developers Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 14.9% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9.2% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.7% No, but I plan to 17.2% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 14.2% No, and I don't plan to 36.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 24,752 ( 50.5% ) Learning to Code Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 13.2% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 7.8% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.4% No, but I plan to 15.6% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 12.1% No, and I don't plan to 44.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,610 ( 5.3% ) Professional AI Users Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 17.5% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 10.8% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 8.9% No, but I plan to 18.6% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 16.3% No, and I don't plan to 27.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,892 ( 42.6% ) Learning AI Users Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 16.5% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9.6% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 8.7% No, but I plan to 16.9% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 14.7% No, and I don't plan to 33.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,019 ( 4.1% ) AI agents affect on work productivity 52% of developers agree that AI tools and/or AI agents have had a positive effect on their productivity. Have AI tools or AI agents changed how you complete development work in the past year? All Respondents Yes, to a great extent 16.3% Yes, somewhat 35.3% Not at all or minimally 41.4% No, but my development work has significantly changed due to non-AI factors 2.6% No, but my development work has changed somewhat due to non-AI factors 4.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,636 ( 64.5% ) AI agent uses at work If you happen to be using AI agents at work and you are a software developer, chances are high that you are using agents for software development (84%). What industry purposes or specific tasks are you using AI agents in your development work? Select all that apply from both lists. Industry Purpose Software engineering 83.5% Data and analytics 24.9% IT operations 18% Business process automation 17.6% Decision intelligence 11.3% Customer service support 11.2% Marketing 8.6% Cybersecurity 7.4% Robotics 3.9% Other 2.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,301 ( 25.1% ) AI agent uses for general purposes TL;DR: Agents used outside of work are mostly used for language processing tasks (49%). What industry purposes or specific tasks are you using AI agents in your development work? Select all that apply from both lists. General Purpose Language processing 49% Integration with external agents and APIs 38.3% MCP servers 34.4% Agent/multi-agent orchestration 28.1% Vector databases for AI applications 24.1% Multi-platform search enablement 19.4% Personalized agent creation 18.3% Other 3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,797 ( 11.8% ) Impacts of AI agents The most recognized impacts are personal efficiency gains, and not team-wide impact. Approximately 70% of agent users agree that agents have reduced the time spent on specific development tasks, and 69% agree they have increased productivity. Only 17% of users agree that agents have improved collaboration within their team, making it the lowest-rated impact by a wide margin. To what extent do you agree with the following statements regarding the impact of AI agents on your work as a developer? All Respondents 27.3% 35.9% 21.3% 8.2% 7.3% AI agents have accelerated my learning about new technologies or codebases. 29.3% 34.9% 22.4% 7% 6.4% AI agents have helped me automate repetitive tasks. 17.1% 31.9% 25.3% 14.2% 11.5% AI agents have helped me solve complex problems more effectively. 6.6% 10.7% 40.5% 20% 22.2% AI agents have improved collaboration within my team. 12.2% 25.3% 32.4% 17.1% 13.1% AI agents have improved the quality of my code. 27.7% 41% 20.4% 6% 4.9% AI agents have increased my productivity. 29.3% 40.8% 17.8% 6.9% 5.1% AI agents have reduced the time spent on specific development tasks. Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,823 ( 26.2% ) Challenges with AI agents Is it a learning curve, or is the tech not there yet? 87% of all respondents agree they are concerned about the accuracy, and 81% agree they have concerns about the security and privacy of data. To what extent do you agree with the following statements regarding AI agents? All Respondents 57.1% 29.8% 9.7% 2.3% 1.1% I am concerned about the accuracy of the information provided by AI agents. 56.1% 25.3% 11.7% 4.7% 2.2% I have concerns about the security and privacy of data when using AI agents. 16.5% 29.7% 37.3% 12.6% 3.9% Integrating AI agents with my existing tools and workflows can be difficult. 15.5% 27.9% 31.8% 17.8% 6.9% It takes significant time and effort to learn how to use AI agents effectively. 13.8% 14.4% 30.6% 15% 26.2% My company's IT and/or InfoSec teams have strict rules that do not allow me to use AI agent tools or platforms 25.4% 27.9% 31.8% 10.3% 4.6% The cost of using certain AI agent platforms is a barrier. Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 28,930 ( 59% ) AI Agent data storage tools When it comes to data management for agents, traditional, developer-friendly tools like Redis (43%) are being repurposed for AI, alongside emerging vector-native databases like ChromaDB (20%) and pgvector (18%). You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent memory or data management in the past year? All Respondents Redis 42.9% GitHub MCP Server 42.8% supabase 20.9% ChromaDB 19.7% pgvector 17.9% Neo4j 12.3% Pinecone 11.2% Qdrant 8.2% Milvus 5.2% Fireproof 5% LangMem 4.8% Weaviate 4.5% LanceDB 4.4% mem0 4% Zep 2.8% Letta 2.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,398 ( 6.9% ) AI Agent orchestration tools The agent orchestration space is currently led by open-source tools. Among developers building agents, Ollama (51%) and LangChain (33%) are the most-used frameworks. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent orchestration or agent frameworks in the past year? All Respondents Ollama 51.1% LangChain 32.9% LangGraph 16.2% Vertex AI 15.1% Amazon Bedrock Agents 14.5% OpenRouter 13.4% Llama Index 13.3% AutoGen (Microsoft) 12% Zapier 11.8% CrewAI 7.5% Semantic Kernel 6% IBM watsonx.ai 5.7% Haystack 4.4% Smolagents 3.7% Agno 3.4% phidata 2.1% Smol-AGI 1.9% Martian 1.7% lyzr 1.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,758 ( 7.7% ) AI Agent observability and security Developers are primarily adapting their existing, traditional monitoring tools for this new task, rather than adopting new, AI-native solutions. The most used tools for AI agent observability are staples of the DevOps and application monitoring world: Grafana + Prometheus are used by 43% of agent developers, and Sentry is used by 32%. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent observability, monitoring or security in the past year? All Respondents Grafana + Prometheus 43% Sentry 31.8% Snyk 18.2% New Relic 13% LangSmith 12.5% Honeycomb 8.8% Langfuse 8.8% Wiz 6.9% Galileo 6.2% Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) 5.5% Protect AI 5% Vectra AI 4.4% arize 3.7% helicone 3.2% Metero 2.7% opik 2.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,689 ( 5.5% ) AI Agent out-of-the-box tools ChatGPT (82%) and GitHub Copilot (68%) are the clear market leaders, serving as the primary entry point for most developers using out-of-the-box AI assistance. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following out-of-the-box agents, copilots or assistants? All Respondents ChatGPT 81.7% GitHub Copilot 67.9% Google Gemini 47.4% Claude Code 40.8% Microsoft Copilot 31.3% Perplexity 16.2% v0.dev 9.1% Bolt.new 6.5% Lovable.dev 5.7% AgentGPT 5% Tabnine 5% Replit 5% Auto-GPT 4.7% Amazon Codewhisperer 3.9% Blackbox AI 3.5% Roo code (Roo-Cline) 3.4% Cody 3% Devin AI 2.7% Glean (Enterprise Agents) 1.3% OpenHands (formerly OpenDevin) 1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 8,323 ( 17% ) Previous Technology Next Work Site design / logo © 2025 Stack Exchange Inc. User contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Data licensed under Open Database License (ODbL). Terms Privacy policy Cookie policy Your Privacy Choices Go to stackoverflow.com | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-543-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 543 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 543 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 543, a permanent (5xx) error, indicates that your email was rejected due to problems with the recipient's email address or domain . This signifies the recipient's information is invalid, unauthorized, or blocked by security filters. This error can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 543? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 543: Non-existent Recipient: The recipient's email address (in "RCPT TO" or "To:" field) doesn't correspond to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Invalid Recipient Domain: The recipient's email domain (e.g., example.com) is non-existent, expired, or has DNS issues. Unauthorized Recipient: The recipient's domain or email address is not authorized to receive from you or is blocked by their server's policies. Content Filtering: The email's content might violate the recipient server's policies, such as containing spam, malware, or prohibited elements. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 543 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 543: Double-check Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is accurate, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Verify Recipient Domain: Confirm the recipient's email domain is functional, has no DNS issues, and isn't experiencing policy-based blockages. Contact Recipient Administrators: If the recipient's domain faces issues, consider contacting their administrators for technical assistance or policy adjustments. Review Email Content: Scrutinize the email content for potential policy violations like spammy content or malicious attachments, ensuring it adheres to the recipient server's policies. How to Resolve SMTP Error 543 - Step-by-Step Solution Meticulously verify the recipient's email address for accuracy, completeness, and validity (phpmailer, jenkins). Ensure the recipient's email domain is functional, has no DNS issues, and isn't experiencing policy-based blockages. Consider contacting the recipient's administrators if their domain faces issues to seek technical assistance or policy adjustments. Scrupulously analyze the email content for potential policy violations like spammy content or malicious attachments, ensuring it adheres to the recipient server's policies. Additional Troubleshooting Tips: Implement email address validation to catch typos and invalid addresses before sending. Use a reputable email service provider with robust spam and malware filtering. Monitor your sender reputation and take steps to improve it if necessary. Stay updated on email deliverability best practices and adapt your sending practices accordingly. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-550-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 550 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 550 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 550 indicates your email was permanently rejected (5xx) and couldn't reach the recipient's address. This often signifies the recipient's email is non-existent, the domain has issues, or the message violates server policies (phpmailer, jenkins). What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 550? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 550: Nonexistent Recipient: The recipient's email address ("RCPT TO" or "To:") is invalid and doesn't correspond to a real account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Invalid Recipient Domain: The recipient's email domain (e.g., example.com) is non-existent, expired, or has DNS (Domain Name System) problems. Policy Violations: The email content violates server policies, such as containing spam, malware, or exceeding size limits. Blacklisting: The sender's domain or IP address is blacklisted, causing email rejection. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 550 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 550: Incorrect Recipient Address: Double-check that the recipient's email address is accurate, complete, and corresponds to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Recipient Domain Issues: Verify that the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't expired. Review Email Content: Analyze the email for potential policy violations like spammy content, excessive attachments, or malicious links. Remove from Blacklists: If your sender's domain or IP is blacklisted, take steps to get removed and improve your email reputation. How to Resolve SMTP Error 550 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is accurate, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Check Recipient Domain: Confirm that the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't expired. Revise Email Content: Address any potential policy violations in the email message, such as removing spammy content or harmful attachments, to comply with the recipient server's policies. Request Blacklist Removal: If your sender's domain or IP is blacklisted, request removal from the relevant blacklists and implement measures to improve your email sending practices. SMTP Error 550 Examples "550 5.1.1 recipient@example.com: Recipient address does not exist." "550 5.4.5 recipient@example.com: Domain name not found. Check recipient domain." "550 5.7.0 Message blocked due to policy violations. Content flagged as spam." "550 5.7.1 sender@example.com: Sender's domain blacklisted for abusive behavior." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-504-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 504 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 504 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 503 is a temporary or "5xx" error code returned by a mail server when it is unable to process a command or request due to a lack of necessary resources or improper sequence. This error indicates a transient issue where the server cannot accommodate the request at the moment. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 503? SMTP Error 503 in phpmailer Instances & Examples: Case 1: "503 5.3.2 Server overloaded, please try again later." Case 2: "503 5.5.1 Improper command sequence. Check the order of your SMTP commands." Case 3: "503 5.7.0 Temporary server issue. Your request cannot be processed at the moment." Case 4: "503 5.4.3 Server maintenance in progress. Please retry in an hour." What’s Causing This SMTP Error 503? SMTP 503 error in phpmailer can be caused by: Insufficient resources: The server may be temporarily overloaded or lack the resources needed to process the command or request. Improper command sequence: SMTP commands should be issued in a specific order. If the sender or client sends commands out of sequence, the server may respond with error 503. Temporary issues: Transient network problems, server maintenance, or other short-lived problems can result in SMTP error 503. How to Resolve SMTP Error 503 - Step-by-Step Solution To address SMTP Error 503, follow these steps: Wait and retry: In many cases, SMTP error 503 is a temporary issue. Wait for a while and retry the operation or email delivery. Check command sequence: Ensure that SMTP commands are issued in the correct order as per the SMTP protocol. Review the command sequence in your email client or application. Verify server status: Check if the recipient's server is experiencing issues or maintenance. Contact the recipient's email administrator for more information. SMTP Error 503 Examples Example 1: "503 5.3.2 Server overloaded, please try again later." Example 2: "503 5.5.1 Improper command sequence. Check the order of your SMTP commands." Example 3: "503 5.7.0 Temporary server issue. Your request cannot be processed at the moment." Example 4: "503 5.4.3 Server maintenance in progress. Please retry in an hour." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-515-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 515 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 515 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 515 occurs when the recipient's email or mailbox address is invalid or does not exist. It is typically caused by incorrectly spelled email addresses, especially when sending bulk emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 515? SMTP Error 515 in phpmailer Instances & Examples: Case 1: "515 5.1.1 recipient@example.com: Recipient address is invalid." Case 2: "515 5.4.5 recipient@example.com: Mailbox does not exist." Case 3: "515 5.7.0 recipient@example.com: Invalid email address format detected." What’s Causing This SMTP Error 515 In Your Servers? (in pointers) SMTP 515 error in phpmailer can occur due to: Invalid recipient address: The email address specified in the "RCPT TO" command or the "To:" field of the email message is incorrect or does not exist. Incorrectly spelled email addresses: Typos or misspellings in the recipient's email address can lead to SMTP error 515. Bulk email sending issues: When sending bulk emails, it's easy to include invalid email addresses among multiple recipients. How to Resolve SMTP Error 515 - Step-by-Step Solution To resolve this email smtp error 515 in Jenkins servers, you need to do the following: Ensure that no email addresses contain invalid characters or syntax. Validate all email addresses to ensure they are correct and existent. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-535-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 535 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 535 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 535 is a permanent (5xx) error indicating the receiving server rejected your email due to authentication failure . This means your email client or server couldn't provide valid login credentials (username and password) or failed to use the required authentication method. This error can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 535? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 535: Incorrect or Incomplete Credentials: Your email client or server provided wrong or missing login details (username/password) during authentication with the recipient server (phpmailer, jenkins). Failed Authentication Mechanism: The recipient server requires specific methods (e.g., SMTP-AUTH) that were not used or configured incorrectly. Suspended or Restricted Account: Your email account with the recipient server might be suspended, locked, or restricted from sending emails, preventing authentication. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 535 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 535: Incorrect Credentials: Double-check that the username and password for SMTP authentication are accurate, complete, and belong to a valid sender account (phpmailer, jenkins). Incorrect Authentication Configuration: If the recipient server requires specific methods like SMTP-AUTH, configure your email client or server to use them correctly. Account Issues: If your email account is suspended, locked, or restricted, contact the email administrator or hosting provider to resolve the situation. How to Resolve SMTP Error 535 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Credentials: Ensure the provided username and password are correct, complete, and belong to a valid sender account (phpmailer, jenkins). Configure Authentication: If required, configure your email client or server to use the appropriate authentication methods like SMTP-AUTH. Address Account Issues: If your account is suspended, locked, or restricted, contact the email administrator or hosting provider to resolve the issue. SMTP Error 535 Examples "535 5.7.0 Authentication failed. Please check your username and password." "535 5.7.1 Incorrect authentication mechanism. Use SMTP-AUTH for secure login." "535 5.5.0 Account locked. Email sending is temporarily restricted." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-531-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 531 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 531 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 531 indicates that the recipient's email server is over quota or storage limitations and cannot accept your message (phpmailer, jenkins). This means the mailbox is full and has reached its capacity. What Triggers This Error? This error solely occurs when the recipient's mailbox has exceeded its allocated storage space . This can happen due to a large number of emails, attachments, or inactivity (emails not being deleted). Resolving SMTP Error 531 - Solution Unfortunately, there's no immediate action you, the sender, can take to resolve this error. The solution lies with the recipient: Contact Recipient: Inform the recipient about the error message and suggest they free up storage space in their mailbox by deleting old emails or increasing their storage quota if possible. Retry Delivery Later: Once the recipient has addressed the storage issue, you can retry sending the email at a later time. Remember, this error is temporary and resolves itself once the recipient frees up space in their mailbox. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://survey.stackoverflow.co/2025/ai?utm_source=chatgpt.com#sentiment-and-usage-ai-sel-prof | AI | 2025 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Products Stack Overflow Where developers and technologists go to gain and share knowledge. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers Advertising Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand Knowledge Solutions Data licensing offering for businesses to build and improve AI tools and models Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing About the company Visit the blog Developers Technology AI Work Stack Overflow Methodology 3 AI In this section we gain insight into the real sentiments behind the surge in AI popularity. Is it making a real impact in the way developers work or is it all hype? 3.1. Sentiment and usage → 3.2. Developer tools → 3.3. AI Agents → 3.1 Sentiment and usage AI tools in the development process 84% of respondents are using or planning to use AI tools in their development process, an increase over last year (76%). This year we can see 51% of professional developers use AI tools daily. Do you currently use AI tools in your development process? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Yes, I use AI tools daily 47.1% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.7% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13.7% No, but I plan to soon 5.3% No, and I don't plan to 16.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,662 ( 68.7% ) Professional Developers Yes, I use AI tools daily 50.6% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.4% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 12.8% No, but I plan to soon 4.6% No, and I don't plan to 14.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 26,004 ( 53% ) Learning to Code Yes, I use AI tools daily 39.5% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 18.7% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 15.1% No, but I plan to soon 7.2% No, and I don't plan to 19.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,843 ( 5.8% ) Early Career Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 55.5% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 18.1% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 11.5% No, but I plan to soon 2.5% No, and I don't plan to 12.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,360 ( 13% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 52.8% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 16.8% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13.5% No, but I plan to soon 3.7% No, and I don't plan to 13.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,997 ( 12.2% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Yes, I use AI tools daily 47.3% Yes, I use AI tools weekly 17.2% Yes, I use AI tools monthly or infrequently 13% No, but I plan to soon 6% No, and I don't plan to 16.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 13,001 ( 26.5% ) Experienced dev defined as 10+ years work experience AI tool sentiment Conversely to usage, positive sentiment for AI tools has decreased in 2025: 70%+ in 2023 and 2024 to just 60% this year. Professionals show a higher overall favorable sentiment (61%) than those learning to code (53%). How favorable is your stance on using AI tools as part of your development workflow? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Very favorable 22.9% Favorable 36.8% Indifferent 17.6% Unsure 2.3% Unfavorable 10.8% Very unfavorable 9.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,412 ( 68.2% ) Professional Developers Very favorable 23.5% Favorable 37.7% Indifferent 17.4% Unsure 1.8% Unfavorable 10.6% Very unfavorable 9.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,814 ( 52.7% ) Learning to Code Very favorable 19.3% Favorable 33.5% Indifferent 16.6% Unsure 4.3% Unfavorable 13.6% Very unfavorable 12.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,812 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Very favorable 22.8% Favorable 40.3% Indifferent 17% Unsure 1.3% Unfavorable 10.3% Very unfavorable 8.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,293 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Very favorable 23.8% Favorable 38.9% Indifferent 16.2% Unsure 1.5% Unfavorable 11% Very unfavorable 8.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,957 ( 12.2% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Very favorable 23.9% Favorable 36% Indifferent 18.1% Unsure 2.1% Unfavorable 10.3% Very unfavorable 9.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,941 ( 26.4% ) Experienced devs defined as 10+ years work experience 3.2 Developer tools Accuracy of AI tools More developers actively distrust the accuracy of AI tools (46%) than trust it (33%), and only a fraction (3%) report "highly trusting" the output. Experienced developers are the most cautious, with the lowest "highly trust" rate (2.6%) and the highest "highly distrust" rate (20%), indicating a widespread need for human verification for those in roles with accountability. How much do you trust the accuracy of the output from AI tools as part of your development workflow? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Highly trust 3.1% Somewhat trust 29.6% Somewhat distrust 26.1% Highly distrust 19.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,244 ( 67.8% ) Professional Developers Highly trust 2.7% Somewhat trust 29.6% Somewhat distrust 26.3% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,701 ( 52.4% ) Learning to Code Highly trust 6.1% Somewhat trust 31.3% Somewhat distrust 24.2% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,781 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Highly trust 3% Somewhat trust 31.1% Somewhat distrust 25.7% Highly distrust 17.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,254 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Highly trust 2.8% Somewhat trust 30.3% Somewhat distrust 26.1% Highly distrust 19.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,931 ( 12.1% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Highly trust 2.5% Somewhat trust 28.6% Somewhat distrust 26.7% Highly distrust 20.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,908 ( 26.3% ) Experienced devs defined as 10+ years work experience AI tools' ability to handle complex tasks In 2024, 35% of professional developers already believed that AI tools struggled with complex tasks. This year, that number has dropped to 29% among professional developers and is consistent amongst experience levels. Complex tasks carry too much risk to spend extra time proving out the efficacy of AI tools. How well do the AI tools you use in your development workflow handle complex tasks? All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Early Career Devs Mid Career Devs Experienced Devs All Respondents Very well at handling complex tasks 4.4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.2% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.1% Bad at handling complex tasks 22% Very poor at handling complex tasks 17.6% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 16.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 33,230 ( 67.8% ) Professional Developers Very well at handling complex tasks 3.9% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.2% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.2% Bad at handling complex tasks 22.8% Very poor at handling complex tasks 18.6% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 15.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,695 ( 52.4% ) Learning to Code Very well at handling complex tasks 7.9% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.8% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 12.4% Bad at handling complex tasks 19% Very poor at handling complex tasks 16.3% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 18.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,779 ( 5.7% ) Early Career Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 28.1% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 13.4% Bad at handling complex tasks 23.6% Very poor at handling complex tasks 19.2% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 11.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 6,258 ( 12.8% ) Early career defined as 1 - 5 years work experience Mid Career Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 4% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 25.4% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 13.8% Bad at handling complex tasks 23.9% Very poor at handling complex tasks 19.5% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 13.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,922 ( 12.1% ) Mid career defined as 5 - 10 years work experience Experienced Devs Very well at handling complex tasks 3.6% Good, but not great at handling complex tasks 23.5% Neither good or bad at handling complex tasks 14.9% Bad at handling complex tasks 22.1% Very poor at handling complex tasks 17.9% I don't use AI tools for complex tasks / I don't know 18% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,901 ( 26.3% ) Experienced dev career defined as 10+ years work experience AI in the development workflow Developers show the most resistance to using AI for high-responsibility, systemic tasks like Deployment and monitoring (76% don't plan to) and Project planning (69% don't plan to). Which parts of your development workflow are you currently integrating into AI or using AI tools to accomplish or plan to use AI to accomplish over the next 3 - 5 years? Please select one for each scenario. Currently Mostly AI Currently Partially AI Plan to Partially Use AI Plan to Mostly Use AI Don't Plan to Use AI for This Task Currently Mostly AI Search for answers 54.1% Generating content or synthetic data 35.8% Learning new concepts or technologies 33.1% Documenting code 30.8% Creating or maintaining documentation 24.8% Learning about a codebase 20.8% Debugging or fixing code 20.7% Testing code 17.9% Writing code 16.9% Predictive analytics 11% Project planning 10.8% Committing and reviewing code 10.2% Deployment and monitoring 6.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 11,202 ( 22.9% ) Currently Partially AI Search for answers 55.8% Generating content or synthetic data 28.6% Learning new concepts or technologies 47.4% Documenting code 30.3% Creating or maintaining documentation 27.3% Learning about a codebase 32.7% Debugging or fixing code 47.1% Testing code 27.5% Writing code 59% Predictive analytics 12.7% Project planning 17.1% Committing and reviewing code 22.6% Deployment and monitoring 10.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,991 ( 42.8% ) Plan to Partially Use AI Search for answers 24% Generating content or synthetic data 28% Learning new concepts or technologies 27.9% Documenting code 30.5% Creating or maintaining documentation 32.5% Learning about a codebase 34.9% Debugging or fixing code 30.9% Testing code 34.7% Writing code 32.4% Predictive analytics 25% Project planning 24.8% Committing and reviewing code 31.4% Deployment and monitoring 25% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 22,518 ( 45.9% ) Plan to Mostly Use AI Search for answers 17.2% Generating content or synthetic data 28.9% Learning new concepts or technologies 15.7% Documenting code 28.6% Creating or maintaining documentation 31.8% Learning about a codebase 23.1% Debugging or fixing code 14.8% Testing code 25.8% Writing code 12.4% Predictive analytics 23% Project planning 14.3% Committing and reviewing code 16.3% Deployment and monitoring 15.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,790 ( 26.1% ) Don't Plan to Use AI for This Task Search for answers 19.6% Generating content or synthetic data 38.2% Learning new concepts or technologies 32.3% Documenting code 38.5% Creating or maintaining documentation 39.6% Learning about a codebase 39.4% Debugging or fixing code 36.4% Testing code 44.1% Writing code 28.9% Predictive analytics 65.6% Project planning 69.2% Committing and reviewing code 58.7% Deployment and monitoring 75.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,349 ( 51.7% ) AI workflow and tool satisfaction Respondents who said they are currently using mostly AI tools to complete tasks in the development workflow are highly satisfied with and frequently using AI to search for answers or learn new concepts; respondents plan to mostly use AI in the future for documentation and testing tasks and are slightly less satisfied with the tools they are using now. How favorable is your stance on using AI tools as part of your development workflow and which parts of your development workflow are you currently integrating into AI or using AI tools to accomplish or plan to use AI to accomplish over the next 3 - 5 years? Please select one for each scenario. Currently mostly AI Currently partially AI Plan to partially use AI Plan to mostly use AI Don't plan to use AI for this task Currently mostly AI Number of responses 6,053 685 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 11,184 ( 22.8% ) Currently partially AI Number of responses 12,382 2,194 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % 60 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,980 ( 42.8% ) Plan to partially use AI Number of responses 7,858 5,400 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 % 24 % 25 % 26 % 27 % 28 % 29 % 30 % 31 % 32 % 33 % 34 % 35 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 22,500 ( 45.9% ) Plan to mostly use AI Number of responses 4,056 1,588 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 % 12 % 14 % 16 % 18 % 20 % 22 % 24 % 26 % 28 % 30 % 32 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,777 ( 26.1% ) Don't plan to use AI for this task Number of responses 19,211 4,953 Average AI Sentiment Recoded (1 - Very Unfavorable to 6 - Very Favorable) Percent of respondents 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 % 20 % 25 % 30 % 35 % 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % 60 % 65 % 70 % 75 % 80 Commit/Review Docs Debug/fix Ops Documenting code Content/Data Leaning codebase Learning tech Predictive analytics Project planning Answers Testing code Writing code Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 25,332 ( 51.7% ) AI tool frustrations The biggest single frustration, cited by 66% of developers, is dealing with "AI solutions that are almost right, but not quite," which often leads to the second-biggest frustration: "Debugging AI-generated code is more time-consuming" (45%) When using AI tools, which of the following problems or frustrations have you encountered? Select all that apply. All Respondents AI solutions that are almost right, but not quite 66% Debugging AI-generated code is more time-consuming 45.2% I don’t use AI tools regularly 23.5% I’ve become less confident in my own problem-solving 20% It’s hard to understand how or why the code works 16.3% Other (write in): 11.6% I haven’t encountered any problems 4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,476 ( 64.2% ) AI and humans in the future In a future with advanced AI, the #1 reason developers would still ask a person for help is "When I don’t trust AI’s answers" (75%). This positions human developers as the ultimate arbiters of quality and correctness. In the future, if AI can do most coding tasks, in which situations would you still want to ask another person for help? Select all that apply. All Respondents When I don’t trust AI’s answers 75.3% When I have ethical or security concerns about code 61.7% When I want to fully understand something 61.3% When I want to learn best practices 58.1% When I’m stuck and can’t explain the problem 54.6% When I need help fixing complex or unfamiliar code 49.8% When I want to compare different solutions 44.1% When I need quick help troubleshooting 27.5% Other 6.1% I don’t think I’ll need help from people anymore 4.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 29,163 ( 59.5% ) Vibe coding Most respondents are not vibe coding (72%), and an additional 5% are emphatic it not being part of their development workflow. In your own words, is "vibe coding" part of your professional development work? For this question, we define vibe coding according to the Wikipedia definition , the process of generating software from LLM prompts. All Respondents 18-24 years old 25-34 years old 35-44 years old 45-54 years old 55-64 years old All Respondents Yes, emphatically 0.4% Yes 11.9% Yes, somewhat 2.8% I have tried it 2.1% Not sure 1.2% No 72.2% No, emphatically 5.3% Uncategorized 4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 26,564 ( 54.2% ) 18-24 years old Yes, emphatically 0.3% Yes 11.6% Yes, somewhat 3.2% I have tried it 2.4% Not sure 1.2% No 72.8% No, emphatically 5.1% Uncategorized 3.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 4,212 ( 8.6% ) 25-34 years old Yes, emphatically 0.4% Yes 11.8% Yes, somewhat 3.2% I have tried it 1.6% Not sure 1.3% No 72.3% No, emphatically 5.7% Uncategorized 3.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 8,526 ( 17.4% ) 35-44 years old Yes, emphatically 0.5% Yes 12% Yes, somewhat 2.8% I have tried it 2.2% Not sure 1.1% No 72% No, emphatically 5.4% Uncategorized 4.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 7,607 ( 15.5% ) 45-54 years old Yes, emphatically 0.5% Yes 12.7% Yes, somewhat 2.5% I have tried it 1.9% Not sure 1.3% No 71.3% No, emphatically 5.2% Uncategorized 4.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,838 ( 7.8% ) 55-64 years old Yes, emphatically 0.8% Yes 11.4% Yes, somewhat 2% I have tried it 3.1% Not sure 1.5% No 71.3% No, emphatically 4.6% Uncategorized 5.4% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 1,657 ( 3.4% ) 3.3 AI Agents AI agents AI agents are not yet mainstream. A majority of developers (52%) either don't use agents or stick to simpler AI tools, and a significant portion (38%) have no plans to adopt them. Are you using AI agents in your work (development or otherwise)? AI agents refer to autonomous software entities that can operate with minimal to no direct human intervention using artificial intelligence techniques. All Respondents Professional Developers Learning to Code Professional AI Users Learning AI Users All Respondents Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 14.1% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.8% No, but I plan to 17.4% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 13.8% No, and I don't plan to 37.9% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,877 ( 65% ) Professional Developers Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 14.9% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9.2% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.7% No, but I plan to 17.2% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 14.2% No, and I don't plan to 36.7% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 24,752 ( 50.5% ) Learning to Code Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 13.2% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 7.8% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 7.4% No, but I plan to 15.6% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 12.1% No, and I don't plan to 44.1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,610 ( 5.3% ) Professional AI Users Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 17.5% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 10.8% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 8.9% No, but I plan to 18.6% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 16.3% No, and I don't plan to 27.8% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 20,892 ( 42.6% ) Learning AI Users Yes, I use AI agents at work daily 16.5% Yes, I use AI agents at work weekly 9.6% Yes, I use AI agents at work monthly or infrequently 8.7% No, but I plan to 16.9% No, I use AI exclusively in copilot/autocomplete mode 14.7% No, and I don't plan to 33.6% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,019 ( 4.1% ) AI agents affect on work productivity 52% of developers agree that AI tools and/or AI agents have had a positive effect on their productivity. Have AI tools or AI agents changed how you complete development work in the past year? All Respondents Yes, to a great extent 16.3% Yes, somewhat 35.3% Not at all or minimally 41.4% No, but my development work has significantly changed due to non-AI factors 2.6% No, but my development work has changed somewhat due to non-AI factors 4.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 31,636 ( 64.5% ) AI agent uses at work If you happen to be using AI agents at work and you are a software developer, chances are high that you are using agents for software development (84%). What industry purposes or specific tasks are you using AI agents in your development work? Select all that apply from both lists. Industry Purpose Software engineering 83.5% Data and analytics 24.9% IT operations 18% Business process automation 17.6% Decision intelligence 11.3% Customer service support 11.2% Marketing 8.6% Cybersecurity 7.4% Robotics 3.9% Other 2.2% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,301 ( 25.1% ) AI agent uses for general purposes TL;DR: Agents used outside of work are mostly used for language processing tasks (49%). What industry purposes or specific tasks are you using AI agents in your development work? Select all that apply from both lists. General Purpose Language processing 49% Integration with external agents and APIs 38.3% MCP servers 34.4% Agent/multi-agent orchestration 28.1% Vector databases for AI applications 24.1% Multi-platform search enablement 19.4% Personalized agent creation 18.3% Other 3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 5,797 ( 11.8% ) Impacts of AI agents The most recognized impacts are personal efficiency gains, and not team-wide impact. Approximately 70% of agent users agree that agents have reduced the time spent on specific development tasks, and 69% agree they have increased productivity. Only 17% of users agree that agents have improved collaboration within their team, making it the lowest-rated impact by a wide margin. To what extent do you agree with the following statements regarding the impact of AI agents on your work as a developer? All Respondents 27.3% 35.9% 21.3% 8.2% 7.3% AI agents have accelerated my learning about new technologies or codebases. 29.3% 34.9% 22.4% 7% 6.4% AI agents have helped me automate repetitive tasks. 17.1% 31.9% 25.3% 14.2% 11.5% AI agents have helped me solve complex problems more effectively. 6.6% 10.7% 40.5% 20% 22.2% AI agents have improved collaboration within my team. 12.2% 25.3% 32.4% 17.1% 13.1% AI agents have improved the quality of my code. 27.7% 41% 20.4% 6% 4.9% AI agents have increased my productivity. 29.3% 40.8% 17.8% 6.9% 5.1% AI agents have reduced the time spent on specific development tasks. Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 12,823 ( 26.2% ) Challenges with AI agents Is it a learning curve, or is the tech not there yet? 87% of all respondents agree they are concerned about the accuracy, and 81% agree they have concerns about the security and privacy of data. To what extent do you agree with the following statements regarding AI agents? All Respondents 57.1% 29.8% 9.7% 2.3% 1.1% I am concerned about the accuracy of the information provided by AI agents. 56.1% 25.3% 11.7% 4.7% 2.2% I have concerns about the security and privacy of data when using AI agents. 16.5% 29.7% 37.3% 12.6% 3.9% Integrating AI agents with my existing tools and workflows can be difficult. 15.5% 27.9% 31.8% 17.8% 6.9% It takes significant time and effort to learn how to use AI agents effectively. 13.8% 14.4% 30.6% 15% 26.2% My company's IT and/or InfoSec teams have strict rules that do not allow me to use AI agent tools or platforms 25.4% 27.9% 31.8% 10.3% 4.6% The cost of using certain AI agent platforms is a barrier. Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 28,930 ( 59% ) AI Agent data storage tools When it comes to data management for agents, traditional, developer-friendly tools like Redis (43%) are being repurposed for AI, alongside emerging vector-native databases like ChromaDB (20%) and pgvector (18%). You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent memory or data management in the past year? All Respondents Redis 42.9% GitHub MCP Server 42.8% supabase 20.9% ChromaDB 19.7% pgvector 17.9% Neo4j 12.3% Pinecone 11.2% Qdrant 8.2% Milvus 5.2% Fireproof 5% LangMem 4.8% Weaviate 4.5% LanceDB 4.4% mem0 4% Zep 2.8% Letta 2.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,398 ( 6.9% ) AI Agent orchestration tools The agent orchestration space is currently led by open-source tools. Among developers building agents, Ollama (51%) and LangChain (33%) are the most-used frameworks. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent orchestration or agent frameworks in the past year? All Respondents Ollama 51.1% LangChain 32.9% LangGraph 16.2% Vertex AI 15.1% Amazon Bedrock Agents 14.5% OpenRouter 13.4% Llama Index 13.3% AutoGen (Microsoft) 12% Zapier 11.8% CrewAI 7.5% Semantic Kernel 6% IBM watsonx.ai 5.7% Haystack 4.4% Smolagents 3.7% Agno 3.4% phidata 2.1% Smol-AGI 1.9% Martian 1.7% lyzr 1.5% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 3,758 ( 7.7% ) AI Agent observability and security Developers are primarily adapting their existing, traditional monitoring tools for this new task, rather than adopting new, AI-native solutions. The most used tools for AI agent observability are staples of the DevOps and application monitoring world: Grafana + Prometheus are used by 43% of agent developers, and Sentry is used by 32%. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following tools for AI agent observability, monitoring or security in the past year? All Respondents Grafana + Prometheus 43% Sentry 31.8% Snyk 18.2% New Relic 13% LangSmith 12.5% Honeycomb 8.8% Langfuse 8.8% Wiz 6.9% Galileo 6.2% Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) 5.5% Protect AI 5% Vectra AI 4.4% arize 3.7% helicone 3.2% Metero 2.7% opik 2.3% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 2,689 ( 5.5% ) AI Agent out-of-the-box tools ChatGPT (82%) and GitHub Copilot (68%) are the clear market leaders, serving as the primary entry point for most developers using out-of-the-box AI assistance. You indicated you use or develop AI agents as part of your development work. Have you used any of the following out-of-the-box agents, copilots or assistants? All Respondents ChatGPT 81.7% GitHub Copilot 67.9% Google Gemini 47.4% Claude Code 40.8% Microsoft Copilot 31.3% Perplexity 16.2% v0.dev 9.1% Bolt.new 6.5% Lovable.dev 5.7% AgentGPT 5% Tabnine 5% Replit 5% Auto-GPT 4.7% Amazon Codewhisperer 3.9% Blackbox AI 3.5% Roo code (Roo-Cline) 3.4% Cody 3% Devin AI 2.7% Glean (Enterprise Agents) 1.3% OpenHands (formerly OpenDevin) 1% Download I acknowledge that the downloaded file is licensed under the Open Database License Download chart Share Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn Responses: 8,323 ( 17% ) Previous Technology Next Work Site design / logo © 2025 Stack Exchange Inc. User contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Data licensed under Open Database License (ODbL). Terms Privacy policy Cookie policy Your Privacy Choices Go to stackoverflow.com | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://ruul.io/blog/who-decides-payment-terms-freelancer-or-client | Who decides payment terms - freelancer or client? - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up get paid Who decides payment terms - freelancer or client? Payment terms are an important part of a freelance contract and should be negotiated and agreed upon in writing to ensure timely and fair compensation for the work. Arno Yeramyan 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Payment terms are the relevant section of the service contract between the talent and the client that defines how and when talents get paid. As a freelancer, you must ensure you get your payment on time and protect yourself against any possible delays in order to avoid future financial problems. Who sets the payment terms? In a usual freelancer-client agreement the freelancer usually sets payment terms, but these terms can be negotiated with the client. When choosing payment terms, you should consider: how much resources that you will spend on the job how long the project will likely take If you think that a job will take longer or be costlier to complete, it may be worth negotiating a higher pay rate than your usual standard rates. As a freelancer, writing up a contract that sets realistic terms and clauses is one of your responsibilities. A carefully crafted contract will allow you to budget your time and money more efficiently. How can you set the payment terms for your freelance work? By arranging a meeting before the contract is signed, you can discuss your payment terms with your client in detail. In this meeting, you can decide on a deposit as a security, or discuss how fees will be calculated according to the project . For starters, you can check out Ruul’s legal contract and service agreement templates and customize them according to your needs. You can also start by learning payment terms crucial for freelancers to get up to speed.If you are an employer or client, when approaching a new freelancer for your next project, you must let freelancers know precisely how you want to compensate them for their work. Determining the payment terms correctly is an integral part of getting things done in the freelance world. Can the clients have payment terms? Clients can propose payment terms, but such terms are only enforceable if they are agreed in writing before the gigs or projects are done. Terms can include the method of payment or a specific deadline, as well as an action course decided by all the parties. Remember that it’s essential to get these terms in writing to avoid confusion later. To avoid any last-minute disagreements, make sure you are completely on the same page about all issues regarding payment before you begin working together. By the time you complete a project you probably will become more familiar with the client and their style of work, but securing your income must come first . Be reasonable in your payment terms, so everybody wins. Both parties must be reasonable when deciding on payment terms. The best rule of thumb is to be fair to the needs and expectations of both the client and the freelancer. Expecting freelancers to wait three months to be paid will be considered unacceptable by many solo professionals. Similarly, as a freelancer, demanding the whole payment before the project is completely finished may lead to disagreements with the client. Should you add late payment fees to your contract? The good news is that most clients will pay you on time. However, expecting a perfect payment history from every client would be unrealistic. If you're a freelancer, there aren't many issues that stand out as more distressing than the fear of your clients not paying their invoices on time.After all, when you create a product or offer a service, you invoice your client and, in most cases, expect payment within 30 days. Sometimes, however, clients may not follow this agreement, and it may take longer before they pay you. In order to prevent a loss of income from these delays, all talents should add a late payment fee clause to their agreements. The importance of making a bullet-proof contract Written contracts are one of the legal ways for freelancers to protect themselves. A contract solidifies everything you agreed upon with your client and puts both of you in a legal agreement. The key is to put together something both parties completely agree on and feel comfortable with.You and the client should be on the same page concerning the core terms of the contract, like what kind of work you'll do, how many revisions you'll accept, deadlines, payment plan, etc.If you want to always be one step ahead and avoid financial issues with your solo career, keep an eye out on the Ruul Blog for articles on how to perfectly manage finances as a freelancer and protect your work-life balance at the same time! ABOUT THE AUTHOR Arno Yeramyan Arno Yeramyan is a talented writer and financial expert who educates readers on various financial topics such as personal finance, investing, and retirement planning. He offers valuable insights to help readers make sound financial decisions for their future. More What are the Mistakes to Avoid When Creating an Fiverr Offer? Improve your chances on Fiverr by avoiding these common bid mistakes. Read on to learn how to improve your work! Read more Thoughtful client gift ideas for 2023 Ultimate guide to freelancer gift-giving, along with a carefully curated list of creative gift ideas for clients. Read more Ruul Now Supports Cryptocurrency Payments for Freelancers Accept crypto payments as a freelancer! Ruul now supports Bitcoin, Ethereum, and stablecoin payouts—fast & global. Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. 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https://ruul.io/blog/hybrid-vs-remote-understanding-advantages-and-challenges#$%7Bid%7D | Hybrid vs Remote: understanding advantages & challenges - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up work Hybrid vs Remote Work: Which One is Best For You? This article explains the different subtypes of hybrid work, their advantages, and potential hardships. Read on to discover how to make the hybrid workforce model work for you. Arno Yeramyan 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Flexible work arrangements are gaining traction in modern corporate settings – the good old nine-to-five office routine is slowly but surely becoming extinct. Within this, hybrid and remote work have come to be the most prominent options for both the employers and the employees. Even though it can be a bit confusing to figure out which one is best for you, getting to know the details of each is important. Let's take a look at the remote versus hybrid work options and what the best choice is for you as a professional. Understanding hybrid and remote work What is the difference between hybrid and remote work? In the following section, we look at the definitions for hybrid and remote work: Remote work The concept of remote work, or telecommuting, means that employees can accomplish their tasks and assignments from an alternative location rather than being in a central office. Such choices can range from the home office, a coworking space, or any other place with internet access. While remote working affords the freedom of work location and time, it also means a departure from the formality of the traditional office where fixed working hours, among other constraints, inevitably apply. Hybrid work What does hybrid remote mean? Hybrid work has a mixture of the remote and in-office work environments. Employees benefit from the flexible work model, whereby they can work remotely for part of the week and the remaining days in the office where their presence is required. The model tries to strike a balance between the gains associated with remote work, like flexibility, and those posed by in-person, like collaboration and team bonding. The pros and cons of remote work Traditional employment is rapidly giving way to a long-distance work style commonly referred to as Telecommuting or Teleworking, which is a way of remote working without the constraints of office settings. While remote working has its advantages, it also comes with special challenges. Let’s delve into remote work advantages and disadvantages to see what impacts it has on people and on companies. Pros of remote work Flexibility: Among the benefits of remote work is the flexibility of being able to work from any point that has an internet connection. This flexibility is what makes it possible for one to have a personalized setting that meets their own preferences. It also boosts their productivity. Work-Life Balance: Remote work affords the possibility of improved work-life balance. Remote workers who no longer need to commute and have a better control over their schedules are able to spend more time on themselves, family or hobbies, thus resulting in the rise of their overall well-being. Increased Productivity: Many of the remote workers say that their productivity level has increased than their colleagues who come to an office. Lacking the disruptions and interruptions that are common in traditional offices, remote workers can be more productive focusing on tasks and getting more done in a shorter time frame. Cost Savings: Working from home benefits both employers and employees in terms of cost savings. Companies can eliminate the cost of office rent, utilities, and amenities, employees will be able to save on transportation, work attire, and lunch. Access to Talent: Space-based working will allow companies to recruit talented workers from all parts of the world. Companies are no longer limited to particular locations when it comes to hiring and retaining the most talented employees. Therefore, businesses can be built with more diverse and skilled teams. In addition, remote work is a good way of promoting the principle of inclusivity by allowing workers with disabilities or caregiving responsibilities to take part in the work. Cons of remote work Isolation and Loneliness: Remote employees experience isolation and loneliness when they miss out on informal conversations, which help to build social relations. With the absence of everyday office-based interaction with coworkers as is the case with remote working, employees may experience a lack of connection and comradeship. Communication Challenges: Maintaining effective communication can sometimes be difficult in teleworking. When you do not get a chance to talk face-to-face, miscommunication, misunderstandings, and delays in response times might happen. Remote teams have no choice but to rely on digital tools and platforms meant for collaboration, which may result in inefficiencies if not properly used. Work-Life Boundaries: With remote work opportunities, boundaries between work and personal life get blurred. Without clear boundaries being created between the two, remote employees may find it difficult to separate work and their personal lives, leading to burning out and a decrease in well-being. Setting up solid boundaries and routines goes a long way in keeping the balance. Technical Issues: Working remotely is dependent on technology and technical problems like internet outages, software glitches, and hardware malfunctions can cause delays or stall the work productivity. The remote workers should have access to solid network connections, and tech support to handle these obstacles. Career Development: Remote working may present challenges with career development and advancement, for instance. When working remotely, employees may not have the chance of having personal contact with managers and colleagues on a daily basis which in turn limits their networking potential, growth and visibility in the organization. Proactive steps have to be taken to ensure that the remote workers have professional development resources and career advancement opportunities. Pros and cons of hybrid work One of the work alternatives that has been widely embraced by organizations as they face dynamic work arrangements is hybrid work, which is a mix of remote work and in-office work. Despite this model being appealing in that it allows a certain level of flexibility and face-to-face interaction, there are also challenges that come in with it. Let's dive into the merits and demerits of hybrid work to fully grasp its impacts on the workers and on businesses. Pros of hybrid work Flexibility: One of the key gains of hybrid work is flexibility. Employees have an option to either work from home or office, depending on convenient time and office needs. This flexibility gives the employees the chance to better manage their work life balance and structure their schedules around their needs. Increased Productivity: For a wide range of people, the hybrid concept may cause an apparent growth in their productivity. Through the autonomy of their workspace, employees can control the environments that promote concentration and efficiency. As less time is being spent commuting, it means more time for work or personal activities, which in turn increases productivity even more. Improved Employee Satisfaction: Adopting a hybrid work policy can remarkably increase employee satisfaction and motivate workers. Employees enjoy the extra perks of independence and flexibility that come with hybrid work arrangements, leading to higher engagement and employee retention rates. Moreover, the determination to juggle work and personal obligations, increases psychological well-being, and job satisfaction. Cost Savings: Employers and staff, as well, can benefit from the hybrid work set up in the form of cost savings. It allows employers to save on lease and utility costs, while employees will not need to spend on the daily commute, office attire, and meal allowance. Access to Talent: Hybrid work gives organizations a chance to hire talent outside their geographical boundaries. Through providing remote work alternatives, companies have an opportunity to attract the best and brightest talent from around the globe, resulting in more diversified and skilled employees. Cons of hybrid work Communication Challenges: The hybrid model may have communication problems, especially between those at remote sites and those in the office. Teams can only avoid miscommunication, isolation, and the loss of integration if deliberate initiatives are taken to initiate communication and cooperation among team members. Inequality and Bias: The setting of hybrid work arrangements might unexpectedly result in inequalities among employees. Employees who are not physically at their desks may lack a sense of belonging if they are not invited to meetings, and this can result in isolation, a lack of engagement and lower levels of satisfaction. Technology Dependence: Hybrid work is deeply reliant on technology for communication and collaboration. Technical glitches, connectivity issues, and dependence on digital tools can derail smooth workflow, hence leading to loss of productivity. Besides, not all members of a team may be in possession of the latest technology or the same home office environment, which will further accentuate inequalities within the same team. Management Challenges: Leading a hybrid remote workforce brings about changing management styles and approaches. Managers must figure out how to best manage and lead teams that are spread across different locations, making sure there is fairness in the treatment of everyone and promoting a sense of belonging for everyone. Without adequate support and training, managers would probably have difficulty in managing the remote and in-the-office employees equally. Hybrid or remote: Which one is the best for you? Determining whether a hybrid or remote work arrangement will work for you requires you to assess a number of factors that are unique to your personal circumstances and preferences. Think about the difference between remote and hybrid, your career objectives, how you like to work, the kind of work-life balance you want, and workplace culture. If you excel in an organized office setting and value face-to-face communication, and are comfortable with remote work, then hybrid mode may be the best option for you. On the other hand, if you value autonomy, freedom, and the ability to work from anywhere, remote work could offer you a more favorable option. Giving consideration to these factors will ensure you can make an informed decision that helps you to live the life you desire and achieve your career goals. Conclusion In the argument of hybrid vs remote work model, there is no one-size-fits-all answer. Both models have their own strengths and weaknesses; they can be suitable for different individuals, requirements of jobs, and cultures of companies. Whether you like the flexibility of remote work or need the balance of hybrid work, having a clear idea of what matters most for you is paramount for making a decent choice. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Arno Yeramyan Arno Yeramyan is a talented writer and financial expert who educates readers on various financial topics such as personal finance, investing, and retirement planning. He offers valuable insights to help readers make sound financial decisions for their future. More Holiday season is here, so is our 2019 digest Ruul has experienced significant growth and success, expanding its network to 30 countries and achieving high customer satisfaction. Read more Why Use MoR as a Solution for Payments and Sales Tax? Discover how a Merchant of Record like Ruul simplifies payments, tax compliance, and invoicing for freelancers. Learn about global invoicing, secure payment methods, fraud prevention, and fast payouts to streamline your freelance operations. Read more Best Link-in-Bio Tools for Freelancers Discover the top link-in-bio tools for freelancers to sell services, accept payments, issue invoices, and simplify client workflows—without needing a full website. Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Trustpilot Product Payment Requests Sell Services Sell Products Subscriptions Ruul Space Pricing For Businesses Resources Blog About Contact Support Referral Program Affiliate Program Partner Program Tools Invoice Generator NDA Generator Service Agreement Generator Freelancer Hourly Rate Calculator All Rights Reserved © 2025 Terms Of Use Privacy Policy | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://ruul.io/blog/tips-for-getting-more-freelancing-clients | Top Tips for Getting More Freelance Clients Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up grow Tips for Getting More Freelancing Clients Looking to attract more freelancing clients? Discover effective tips, from building a strong online presence to mastering your pitch for success! Esen Bulut 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Freelancing offers a world of opportunities for those seeking flexibility, independence, and the chance to work on diverse projects. However, one of the biggest challenges freelancers face is acquiring clients consistently. Whether you’re just starting or looking to expand your clientele, implementing effective strategies can significantly enhance your chances of success. We’ll explore valuable tips for getting more freelancing clients, including leveraging an early payment platform , understanding the importance of freelancer feedback , and navigating challenges such as how to deal with difficult clients . Additionally, we'll discuss how to get your first freelance client and the role of tools like Ruul in streamlining your freelance operations. Build a Strong Online Presence In today’s digital world, having a professional online presence is crucial for freelancers. Here are some strategies to consider: Create a Professional Website : Your website serves as your online portfolio, showcasing your skills, services, and previous work. Ensure it is well-designed, user-friendly, and optimized for search engines to attract potential clients. Leverage Social Media : Utilize platforms like LinkedIn, Instagram, and Twitter to share your work, engage with your audience, and network with potential clients. Regularly posting valuable content can help establish you as an authority in your niche. Join Freelance Platforms : Websites like Upwork, Fiverr, and PeoplePerHour connect freelancers with clients seeking specific services. These platforms can be effective for getting your foot in the door and finding initial gigs. Utilize an Early Payment Platform One significant hurdle for freelancers is managing cash flow. An early payment platform can help alleviate this issue. These platforms allow freelancers to receive payments quickly, often before the project is completed, improving cash flow and enabling you to take on more projects. Here’s how it can benefit you: Improved Cash Flow : By accessing funds sooner, you can invest in your business, cover expenses, and reduce financial stress. Attract More Clients : Offering clients the option to use an early payment platform can make you more appealing, as it demonstrates your commitment to efficient processes. Simplified Invoicing : Many early payment platforms, like Ruul, offer integrated invoicing features, making it easier to manage your finances and track payments. Ruul is the greatest help in this matter. It allows freelancers to get payment 4 times faster than other platforms. It allows freelancers to provide many payment options and crypto payouts . Gather and Showcase Freelancer Feedback Client feedback is an invaluable asset for freelancers. Positive reviews can significantly influence potential clients’ decisions. Here’s how to effectively gather and showcase feedback: Request Testimonials : After completing a project, ask satisfied clients for testimonials. You can include these on your website and freelance profiles. Encourage Reviews : Many freelance platforms allow clients to leave reviews. Politely remind clients to leave feedback after project completion, emphasizing how it helps your business. Display Your Ratings : Highlight your ratings and positive feedback on your profiles and website. This social proof can reassure potential clients of your reliability and expertise. Network and Build Relationships Networking is essential for freelancers, as many clients prefer to work with individuals they know or are referred to by someone they trust. Here are some effective networking strategies: Attend Industry Events : Participate in conferences, workshops, and networking events related to your field. Engaging with potential clients and industry peers can lead to valuable connections and opportunities. Join Online Communities : Engage in online forums, social media groups, and communities where your target clients gather. Participate in discussions, offer advice, and establish yourself as a knowledgeable resource. Collaborate with Other Freelancers : Building relationships with fellow freelancers can lead to referrals and collaborative projects. Consider partnering with others in complementary fields to expand your reach. Master Your Pitch When reaching out to potential clients, your pitch is critical. Here’s how to create an effective pitch: Personalize Your Approach : Tailor your pitch to each client’s needs and preferences. Demonstrating an understanding of their business and how you can provide value will set you apart. Be Clear and Concise : Clearly communicate your skills, experience, and what you can offer. Avoid jargon and keep your pitch straightforward. Include Relevant Work Samples : Whenever possible, include examples of your previous work that are relevant to the client’s project. This helps illustrate your capabilities and builds trust. How to Deal with Difficult Clients Working with clients can sometimes present challenges. Here are strategies for dealing with difficult clients effectively: Set Clear Expectations : At the outset of a project, clarify deliverables, deadlines, and payment terms. This minimizes misunderstandings and sets a professional tone. Stay Calm and Professional : If conflicts arise, remain calm and composed. Listen to the client’s concerns and address them without becoming defensive. Know When to Walk Away : Sometimes, it may be best to part ways with a difficult client if the relationship becomes too strained. Protect your well-being and professional integrity. How to Get Your First Freelance Client Landing your first freelance client can be daunting, but with the right approach, you can succeed. Here’s how: Tap into Your Network : Start by reaching out to friends, family, and professional contacts. They may know someone looking for your services or might be interested in hiring you themselves. Offer Your Services for Free or at a Discount : To build your portfolio, consider offering your services to a nonprofit or small business for free or at a reduced rate in exchange for testimonials and referrals. Utilize Social Media : Announce your freelancing services on your social media platforms. Your existing connections may share your posts or recommend you to potential clients. Join Freelance Platforms : As mentioned earlier, freelance platforms can help you find initial gigs. Create a compelling profile, and start applying for projects that align with your skills. Utilize Tools for Efficiency To streamline your freelance operations, consider using tools that help manage your business efficiently: Ruul : As an early payment platform , Ruul can help you manage your invoicing and payments effortlessly. With features designed for freelancers, Ruul simplifies the invoicing process and enhances cash flow management. It allows you to invoice globally and track payments seamlessly, making it an essential tool for any freelancer. Project Management Tools : Utilize tools like Trello or Asana to manage your projects, deadlines, and tasks. These tools can help you stay organized and ensure you meet client expectations. Accounting Software : Consider using accounting software to keep track of your income and expenses. This can simplify tax preparation and help you monitor your financial health. Acquiring clients as a freelancer requires a combination of effective strategies, strong communication skills, and the ability to adapt to various situations. By building a robust online presence, utilizing a platform like Ruul, and actively seeking feedback, you can enhance your visibility and attract more clients. Networking, mastering your pitch, and knowing how to handle difficult clients are also crucial skills in your freelancing journey. With determination and the right tools at your disposal, you can successfully navigate the freelance landscape and build a thriving client base. Whether you're just starting or looking to expand your reach, implementing these tips will help you secure more freelancing clients and achieve your professional goals. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Esen Bulut Esen Bulut is the co-founder of Ruul. After graduating Boston College with finance and economics degrees, she began her career as a Finance Executive. Prior to Ruul, she held managerial positions in finance and marketing. Esen's entrepreneurship success earned her recognition in Fortune's 40 under 40 list in 2022. More Freelance Social Media Manager Rates: Understanding Market Trends in 2025 Who determines the freelance social media manager rates? YOU! You’re the one to find your best rate and these trends can help you. Read more How to ask clients for feedback as a freelancer Master the art of seeking feedback from clients as a freelancer. Elevate your service, enhance your skills! Read more How To Become A Freelancer In 2024? (Your Ultimate Roadmap) Learn how to become a freelancer in 2024 with our ultimate roadmap. Discover steps to define your niche, build your portfolio, find clients, manage finances, and achieve freelance success. Start your journey towards flexibility, freedom. Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Trustpilot Product Payment Requests Sell Services Sell Products Subscriptions Ruul Space Pricing For Businesses Resources Blog About Contact Support Referral Program Affiliate Program Partner Program Tools Invoice Generator NDA Generator Service Agreement Generator Freelancer Hourly Rate Calculator All Rights Reserved © 2025 Terms Of Use Privacy Policy | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-538-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 538 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 538 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 538 indicates your email was rejected due to security concerns with your email client or server's configuration. This permanent error (5xx) signifies the recipient's server doesn't trust your email system's security measures. This can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 538? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 538: Insufficient Security: Your email client or server lacks the necessary security settings or authentication mechanisms required by the recipient server (phpmailer, jenkins). Unsupported Protocols: The recipient server demands specific security protocols like SSL/TLS, which your system can't establish connections with. Security Violations: Your email practices might be flagged for violating security policies, potentially due to spammy content or suspicious activity. Poor IP Reputation: Your sender IP address or domain may have a negative reputation, raising red flags on the recipient server. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 538 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 538: Inadequate Security Configuration: Ensure your email client or server meets the recipient server's security requirements, including encryption and authentication mechanisms. Unsupported Security Protocols: If the recipient server demands specific protocols like SSL/TLS, verify that your system supports and uses them correctly. Review Email Practices: If your system is flagged for security violations, analyze your email practices to ensure compliance with security policies and regulations. Improve IP Reputation: If your sender IP or domain has a poor reputation, take steps to improve email sending practices, reduce spam, and build a positive sender reputation. How to Resolve SMTP Error 538 - Step-by-Step Solution Configure Security Settings: Ensure your email client or server adheres to the recipient server's security requirements, including encryption and authentication mechanisms. Use Supported Security Protocols: If the recipient server requires specific protocols like SSL/TLS, make sure your email system supports and properly uses them. Address Security Violations: If your system is flagged for security violations, review and adjust your email practices to comply with security policies and regulations. Enhance IP Reputation: If your sender IP or domain has a poor reputation, implement measures to improve email sending practices, reduce spam, and establish a positive sender reputation. SMTP Error 538 Examples "538 5.7.0 Security configuration not supported. Update your settings to match recipient's requirements." "538 5.7.2 Unsupported security protocols. Recipient server requires SSL/TLS for connections." "538 5.1.1 Security violation detected. Correct your email practices to meet security policies." "538 5.5.0 Poor IP reputation. Improve email sending practices for secure connections." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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https://ruul.io/blog/what-s-a-freelance-writer#$%7Bid%7D | What is a freelance writer: Explained in 6 facts - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up grow What is a freelance writer: Explained in 6 facts A freelance writer is a writer who works on a self-employed basis. Here are answers to six specific questions about freelance writers. Canan Başer 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points An independent or freelance writer is a writer who works on a self-employed basis, untethered to one specific outlet or business. They can write copies for just one client or, more often, write for several different mediums or websites at a time. The more talented an author is, the more likely they are to be accepted and paid for their freelance writer gig.Here are answers to six specific questions about freelance writers: What are the benefits of being a freelance writer? Being a freelance writer requires a certain amount of self-reliance: there is no regular quarterly, sick or holiday pay to fall back on if things go south or you find yourself in a drought – so it's not for everyone out there. Nevertheless, the benefits are great for any writer who may be bold enough to be a freelancer.Freelance writers: can leave the daily 9 to 5 grind behind as they can just pick and choose their working hours to have the liberty to choose the client they work for. So, if they want to, freelance writers can only write about anything they care about or have deep knowledge/interest in, do not have to battle in a daily commute as most freelance writers use their local coffee shops, parks or just their place to write, can shift their workspace to meet their requirements: Wanna write in jammies? Do so. Wanna write in bed? Sure thing. Try that in a traditional business environment and HR will be on your neck instantly. can take holidays whenever they want can choose the billable business hours they’d like to have so they can work for 5, 20, or 40 hours a week or in a month. That's up to them. How much does a freelance writer get paid? The value of freelance writing work differs greatly depending on what you are writing about and who you are writing for. It’s not exactly possible to talk about a universal freelance writer salary. We had already written in a past blog post about how you can price your freelance work . Since you are a freelance writer, you might charge per word count , character , or piece. That's up to your business decisions.And if you like to find out what to charge as a freelance writer, you can use our Hourly Rate Calculator that can help you stay afloat and earn some more.Here's a rough estimation you can expect to earn in the freelance writing business:Writing and content$10.31-$53.79Translation$30-$70Web content$60-100Sales content$50-80Technical writing$40-$100Freelance writer rates change depending on what you can and want to write. While SEO-related work pays a little more than social media pieces, you might find decent work creating content for websites, too. Moreover, some industries tend to invest more in content marketing efforts, so you will find that the rates also depend on the niche and topic. How to become a freelance writer Historically, our civilization started with the invention of writing. Freelance writing had been a classic freelance, work from home job, even before the age of the internet. There are a dozen types of freelance and/or remote writing jobs out there. From copywriting , guest blogging to creating content for social media , there are writing jobs for every size and type of experience.There are many different ways to get freelance writing gigs. Sometimes people leave their full-time job knowing they've made enough connections to start a freelance business. Some writers begin by finding small writer gigs online. Others work in a related industry, like public relations, and have enough of a portfolio to approach past clients, and cold pitch others.Becoming a freelance writer starts with finding and landing your first job . The key here is making sure you build an attractive freelance writer resume and create a comprehensive freelance writing portfolio . What does a freelance writer do? Freelance blog writers There is a high demand by many clients for optimized content creation in the form of blog posts. Freelance bloggers write SEO articles or lifestyle blog posts for brands or platforms. Freelance health/medical writers Medical or health writers create content for the medical device industry, pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, and healthcare businesses. Freelance technical writers Technical writers create technical documentation such as instruction manuals, user manuals, journal articles, reference guides, and white papers. Freelance comedy writers Comedy writers create witty joke content for the entertainment industry. They can work for comedians or be hired for the scriptwriting process of comedy shows. Freelance resume writers Resume writers produce professional and personalized resumes and cover letters that make candidates more appealing in the job application processes. Freelance ghostwriters Ghostwriters are hired to write literary or journalistic works, speeches, or other texts that are credited to somebody else’s name. They work closely with their clients to get to know their persona, life story, and communication style. Freelance fiction writers Fiction writers produce short stories or novels. Especially writing children’s books is highly favored, due to the shorter span and the fun nature of the production process. Freelance screenplay writers Screenplay writers create scripts for the film and television industry. Through literary agents, producers, or distributors, they sell their content to publishers, such as studios, channels, or streaming services. What are some useful writing-specific tools for freelance writers? There are plenty of tools and platforms for freelancers that make life and work much easier. Here are those specifically tailored for the toolbox of a freelance content writer: HubSpot’s blog idea generator You can add up to 5 nouns and receive one topic suggestion for each inquiry. The results are very general and simple, but who knows? Maybe they can ring a bell and get you started. Grammarly This is a very accurate and popular tool for checking and correcting grammar rules and spelling. You can also use the app to enhance your vocabulary. TextExpander Using this tool, you can easily and quickly get text snippets devised from your previous content. By typing a few letters, you can save time without the need for copying and pasting. Ommwriter By offering you background options, typewriting sounds, and audio tracks, this tool helps you create your ideal setting for concentration as you write. How do freelance writers get paid? Every client you may have as a freelance writer will have their payment process. Sometimes a client will want you to issue an invoice when the work is done, or they pay some percentage of the gig upfront and would need a reminder when the work is handed in.Ruul has a handful of freelance writer users that issue solo work invoices to their clients and admitted that using Ruul has given them a better reputation since payments can be seamlessly made with Ruul’s flexible talent payment solutions: And they love it!Whatever method you may use, it will be much easier after you get your first freelance writing work. Make sure to deliver on time, be on-the-brief, and create awesome content to get more jobs coming your way. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Canan Başer Developing and implementing creative growth strategies. At Ruul, I focus on strengthening our brand and delivering real value to our global community through impactful content and marketing projects. More Social distancing and the state of coworking spaces today Explore how coworking spaces are adapting to physical distancing norms—from safety protocols and flexible memberships to virtual community building. Discover what the future holds for shared workspaces in a post-pandemic world. Read more 10 Proven Strategies to Level Up Your Video Editing Skills Discover 10 expert video editing strategies to enhance your workflow, storytelling, and visual impact. Learn essential techniques, software tricks, and industry trends to create compelling, professional-quality videos. Read more How to Get a Job in Spain? Becoming a Freelancer in Spain This is your guide if you want to venture into the Spanish freelancer job market. It’s all here — the overview, the steps, the requirements, the tax information, and the tips! Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. 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https://github.com/security/advanced-security/code-security?locale=ja | GitHub Code Security · GitHub Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation サインイン Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... 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Dismiss alert {{ message }} GitHubセキュティ Navigation menu GitHub Advanced Security シークレット保護 コードセキュリティ サプライチェーンセキュリティ プランと価格 GitHub Code Security AIで検出して修正するアプリケーションセキュリティ GitHub Code Securityでソフトウェア開発しながらコードをセキュア化、Copilot Autofixで脆弱性を早期に検出。 デモを申し込む プランと価格をチェック What is GitHub code security? 28分 脆弱性の検出から修復までの時間 3倍 Copilot Autofixによる修復高速化の平均値 90% AI駆動のコード提案が含まれるアラートタイプの割合 脆弱性を早期に検出 AI活用で修復 セキュリティチェックを自動化 CodeQLの強力な分析でセキュリティ問題をリアルタイムで検出しましょう。この分析は、アプリケーション全体のデータ フローを追跡します。 CodeQLの詳細はこちら 修正もスケーラブルに Copilot Autofixを使用して、CodeQLが検出したアラートに対して、文脈に沿った説明を取得、AI駆動の修正を行います。 Copilot Autofixの記事はこちら セキュリティ負債の削減 構築中もコードを継続的にスキャンするGitHub Code Securityは、脆弱性を早期に検出、Copilot Autofixですばやく修正して、セキュアなソフトウェアをリリースできます。 リスクの早期発見 依存関係レビューアクションを使用して新たな依存関係を特定し、脆弱性やライセンスの問題をチェックしましょう。 依存関係レビューアクションの詳細はこちら “ 脆弱性をフラグし、修正を瞬時に提案することでセキュリティを合理化するCopilot Autofixは、コードをセキュアに保ちながら、チームが戦略的な作業に集中できるようにします。” Mario Landgraf Ottoグループ、セキュリティ担当コミュニティマネージャー セキュアなソフトウェアを構築 セキュリティは、後付けではなく、最初から組み込むことができます。Code Securityを使用して脆弱性の発見、修正、予防をシームレスに行い、開発からデプロイまで堅牢で柔軟なソフトウェアを構築しましょう。 デモを申し込む プランと価格をチェック よりセキュアなソフトウェアのためのベストプラクティス 開発者ファーストのセキュリティを探る アプリケーションセキュリティの現状を学びましょう。 ウェビナー動画を見る DevSecOpsガイドを調べる DevSecOpsを活用して最初からよりセキュアなコードを書く方法を学びましょう。 ホワイトペーパーを読む アプリケーションセキュリティの落とし穴を回避する アプリケーションセキュリティの一般的な落とし穴と、それらを回避する方法を探りましょう。 ホワイトペーパーを読む よくある質問 コードセキュリティとは? GitHub Code Securityは、開発スピードを落とすことなくコードをセキュア化できるようにします。チームは、既存のGitHubワークフロー内でセキュリティ問題の検出、優先順位付け、修復のすべてを自動的に行うことができ、組み込み型の静的解析、AI駆動の修復、高度な依存関係スキャン、プロアクティブな脆弱性管理も可能なため、セキュアなソフトウェアをより迅速に、確信を持って提供することができます。 Copilot Autofixとは? Copilot Autofixは、AI 駆動のコード提案を使用してCodeQLが特定したセキュリティの脆弱性を自動的に修正します。セキュリティの脆弱性が検出されると、Copilot Autofixがコードのコンテキストを分析し、根本的なセキュリティ問題を把握して、コンテキストに適切な修正を生成します。この機能は、脆弱性の検出と修復の間にあるギャップを埋めるために、開発者がAIから提案された修正をワークフロー内で直接レビューし、適用できるようにします。 セキュリティキャンペーンとは? セキュリティキャンペーンは、複数のリポジトリとチーム全体でセキュリティ修正を計画、追跡、実装するための構造化されたフレームワークを提供し、セキュリティ負債を体系的に解消できるようにします。セキュリティキャンペーンを活用することで、セキュリティチームは関連する脆弱性をグループ化し、オーナーをアサイン、修正の優先順位を付け、統合ダッシュボードを通じて進捗状況を監視できます。セキュリティキャンペーンは、脆弱性タイプ、セキュリティイニシアチブ、コンプライアンス要件、またはその他の論理グループ別に分類でき、セキュリティ改善を大規模に調整することができます。 依存関係分析とは? 依存関係レビューは、プルリクエストがコードベースに導入される前に脆弱な依存関係をスキャンします。依存関係の変更によるセキュリティ上の影響を評価して脆弱なパッケージとそれらのセキュリティ レベルを特定し、セキュリティ問題がマージされないようにします。ベースブランチとヘッドブランチを比較することで依存関係変更の詳細を表示するこのツールは、追加、削除、更新された依存関係と、それらの既知の脆弱性を明らかにします。 EPSSとは? DependabotアラートにグローバルなForum of Incident Response and Security Teams(FIRST)の Exploit Prediction Scoring System(EPSS)が搭載され、脆弱性リスクをよりよく評価できるようになりました。EPSSは、今後30日間に脆弱性が悪用される可能性を予測することで、組織が脆弱性修復の優先順位を判断できるようにします。0から1(0~ 100%)のスコアを提供するとともに、脆弱性を他の脆弱性と比較するパーセンタイルランクも提供します。 Site-wide Links 開発者ニュースレターをサブスクライブする ヒント、テクニカルガイド、ベストプラクティスを受け取りましょう。毎月 2 回。 サブスクライブ プラットフォーム 機能 Enterprise Copilot AI セキュリティ 価格 Team リソース ロードマップ GitHub を比較する エコシステム 開発者 API パートナー 教育 GitHub CLI GitHub Desktop GitHub Mobile GitHub Marketplace MCP Registry サポート ドキュメント コミュニティフォーラム プロフェッショナルサービス プレミアム サポート スキル 状況 GitHub へのお問い合わせ 会社 GitHubについて GitHub を使用する理由 お客様の事例 ブログ ReadME プロジェクト キャリア ニュースルーム インクルージョン 社会的インパクト ショップ © 2026 GitHub, Inc. 規約 プライバシー (2024 年 2 月更新) 02/2024 サイトマップ Gitとは何ですか? 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # claudecode Follow Hide Create Post Older #claudecode posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu I Built a Desktop App to Supercharge My TMUX + Claude Code Workflow joe-re joe-re joe-re Follow Jan 12 I Built a Desktop App to Supercharge My TMUX + Claude Code Workflow # claudecode # tauri # productivity # tmux 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read How I Built a Zero-Dependency Technical Research Blog with Just HTML, CSS, and Markdown Huy Pham Huy Pham Huy Pham Follow Jan 13 How I Built a Zero-Dependency Technical Research Blog with Just HTML, CSS, and Markdown # news # research # technical # claudecode Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🔓 Unlock "Infinite" Claude: The Open Source Hack for Bypassing Rate Limits Siddhesh Surve Siddhesh Surve Siddhesh Surve Follow Jan 13 🔓 Unlock "Infinite" Claude: The Open Source Hack for Bypassing Rate Limits # ai # claudecode # opensource # devops Comments Add Comment 3 min read The `/context` Command: X-Ray Vision for Your Tokens Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Follow Jan 12 The `/context` Command: X-Ray Vision for Your Tokens # tutorial # claudecode # productivity # beginners Comments Add Comment 4 min read Run `gh` Command in Claude Code on the Web Oikon Oikon Oikon Follow Jan 12 Run `gh` Command in Claude Code on the Web # claudecode # claude # ai # coding Comments Add Comment 4 min read Agile for Agents Mike Lady Mike Lady Mike Lady Follow Jan 11 Agile for Agents # ai # vibecoding # claudecode Comments Add Comment 13 min read Automating Performance Engineering with Claude Code and New Relic MCP Arshdeep Singh Arshdeep Singh Arshdeep Singh Follow Jan 11 Automating Performance Engineering with Claude Code and New Relic MCP # newrelic # mcp # drupal # claudecode 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read How I stopped Claude Code from hallucinating on Day 4 (The "Spec-Driven" Workflow) Samarth Hathwar Samarth Hathwar Samarth Hathwar Follow Jan 12 How I stopped Claude Code from hallucinating on Day 4 (The "Spec-Driven" Workflow) # productivity # ai # claudecode # testing Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Claude Code Excels at Legacy System Modernization Juha Pellotsalo Juha Pellotsalo Juha Pellotsalo Follow Jan 11 Why Claude Code Excels at Legacy System Modernization # ai # claudecode # legacycode # softwaredevelopment Comments Add Comment 2 min read Vim Mode: Edit Prompts at the Speed of Thought Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Follow Jan 10 Vim Mode: Edit Prompts at the Speed of Thought # tutorial # claudecode # productivity # beginners Comments Add Comment 4 min read Complete Guide to Setting Up Claude Code Router with Qwen on macOS Hamza Khan Hamza Khan Hamza Khan Follow Jan 10 Complete Guide to Setting Up Claude Code Router with Qwen on macOS # claude # coding # ai # claudecode Comments Add Comment 3 min read How I Built an Orchestrator-Worker System for Claude Code Mohamed Aly Amin Mohamed Aly Amin Mohamed Aly Amin Follow Jan 10 How I Built an Orchestrator-Worker System for Claude Code # claudecode # ai # devtools # opensource Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI 코딩이 자꾸 내 아키텍처를 망가뜨린다면? (feat. CodeSyncer) @kiwibreaksme @kiwibreaksme @kiwibreaksme Follow Jan 10 AI 코딩이 자꾸 내 아키텍처를 망가뜨린다면? (feat. CodeSyncer) # ai # claudecode # devops # programming Comments Add Comment 1 min read Headless Mode: Unleash AI in Your CI/CD Pipeline Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Follow Jan 11 Headless Mode: Unleash AI in Your CI/CD Pipeline # tutorial # claudecode # productivity # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read Extended Thinking: How to Make Claude Actually Think Before It Answers Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Follow Jan 7 Extended Thinking: How to Make Claude Actually Think Before It Answers # tutorial # claudecode # productivity # beginners 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read 10 hours with Gas Town (out of a possible 48) Mike Lady Mike Lady Mike Lady Follow Jan 4 10 hours with Gas Town (out of a possible 48) # claudecode # ai # programming # devops Comments Add Comment 7 min read Anthropic: From Pandemic-Era Safety Concerns to a $350B AI Company Prakash Pawar Prakash Pawar Prakash Pawar Follow Jan 4 Anthropic: From Pandemic-Era Safety Concerns to a $350B AI Company # ai # claudecode # anthtropic # llm Comments Add Comment 5 min read Scaling Development with Parallel AI Agents JaviMaligno JaviMaligno JaviMaligno Follow Jan 8 Scaling Development with Parallel AI Agents # ai # claudecode # automation # git Comments Add Comment 3 min read Universal Knowledge Base for AI Alfredo Perez Alfredo Perez Alfredo Perez Follow Jan 3 Universal Knowledge Base for AI # ai # angular # claudecode # cursoride Comments Add Comment 8 min read Supercharge Your AI Coding Workflow: A Complete Guide to Git Worktrees with Claude Code Bilal Haidar Bilal Haidar Bilal Haidar Follow Jan 8 Supercharge Your AI Coding Workflow: A Complete Guide to Git Worktrees with Claude Code # ai # claudecode # git # worktrees 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 13 min read Using the VSCode Claude Code Extension with Bedrock and Claude Sonnet 4.5 Matt Bacchi Matt Bacchi Matt Bacchi Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 2 Using the VSCode Claude Code Extension with Bedrock and Claude Sonnet 4.5 # aws # claudecode # vscode # bedrock 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Debugging Random Reboots with Claude Code: A PSU Power Limit Story Eugene Oleinik Eugene Oleinik Eugene Oleinik Follow Jan 1 Debugging Random Reboots with Claude Code: A PSU Power Limit Story # linux # hardware # debugging # claudecode Comments Add Comment 3 min read Fixing Claude Code's SIGINT Problem: How I Built MCP Session Manager pepk pepk pepk Follow Jan 1 Fixing Claude Code's SIGINT Problem: How I Built MCP Session Manager # claudecode # mcp # node # typescript Comments Add Comment 7 min read Vibe factory: insanity, scaled Niclas Olofsson Niclas Olofsson Niclas Olofsson Follow Jan 5 Vibe factory: insanity, scaled # vibecoding # ai # claudecode # programming 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read Reverse-engineering undocumented APIs with Claude Kalil Kalil Kalil Follow Dec 31 '25 Reverse-engineering undocumented APIs with Claude # ai # claudecode # api # python Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources How the Creator of Claude Code Actually Uses It The Ultimate Claude Code Tips Collection (Advent of Claude 2025) 24 Claude Code Tips: #claude_code_advent_calendar Cursor vs GitHub Copilot vs Claude Code The Reality of AI Coding in Production (and My Poor Man’s Setup) How Boris Cherny, Builder of Claude Code, Uses It — And Why That Should Change How You Think Abou... 🎰 Stop Gambling with Vibe Coding: Meet Quint Claude Code in Production: 40% Productivity Increase on a Large Project Supercharge Your AI Coding Workflow: A Complete Guide to Git Worktrees with Claude Code I spent 400 hours working with AI agents and found the best one - here it is. Stop Wasting Tokens: The `!` Prefix That Every Claude Code User Needs to Know Extended Thinking: How to Make Claude Actually Think Before It Answers Using the VSCode Claude Code Extension with Bedrock and Claude Sonnet 4.5 Create Reliable Unit Tests with Claude Code How I 10x'd My Development Speed with Claude Code Vim Mode: Edit Prompts at the Speed of Thought Building AI-Powered Projects: My Complete Claude Development Stack Anthropic: From Pandemic-Era Safety Concerns to a $350B AI Company Your Time Machine for Code: Double Esc to Rewind When Things Go Wrong Fixing Claude Code's Amnesia 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://ruul.io/blog/what-is-autonomy-and-why-it-matters-for-work-life-balance#$%7Bid%7D | What is autonomy & why it matters for work-life balance - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up work What is autonomy and why it matters for work-life balance Understand autonomy's pivotal role in work-life balance. Explore its significance and how it empowers individuals to achieve harmony in their professional and personal lives. Bilge Özensoy 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points The Great Resignation has taken the world by storm with long-lasting (if not permanent) effects. Organizational psychologist Professor Anthony Klotz, who had foreseen the Great Resignation and coined the term points out that “ The pandemic brought the future of work into the present of work ,” and that there is “ [no] going back to the world of work in 2019 ”.Changes and heated discussions within the sphere of work are here to stay, and one certain term stands out– autonomy . Workers now prioritize and demand personal autonomy in their professional life, or in other words, the right to choose how they structure their work and lives .Millions around the globe have quit their jobs in the past two years to simply seek a better life and a better understanding of work. (This sentiment even found echo in pop icon Beyoncé’s chart-dominating song .) According to LinkedIn’s 2022 Global Trends report, among the top priorities of talents choosing a new job is work-life balance with 63% , surpassing compensation and benefits.There is no doubt that we seek more than material motivations for work. Now that the conversations are shifting toward how we can achieve non-material satisfaction at work, the concept of autonomous work is gaining more relevance than ever . Let’s look into: what it means for the workplace why it’s necessary (not just for work-life balance but for sustainable employment) how to incorporate it into workplace culture. What is autonomy in the workplace and why is flexibility not enough? By definition, autonomous means self-ruling and self-directed . For etymology enthusiasts–it comes from the Greek word autonomia , a compound of autos (self) and nomos (custom, law, rule). But what do we mean by autonomy at work, and how is it different from flexibility if not a synonym?Flexibility is a great soft skill for talents to have. It is also a must-have value that many organizations incorporate into their culture. But it’s one thing to have some degree of “flexibility” on where, when, and how to work , and another to autonomously make those decisions for yourself.Among organization leaders, flexibility has become a synonym for longer work hours. And the flexibility of workers to adapt to stressful situations. We need to expand flexibility to become a holistic approach to work and life that benefits everyone involved–not just employers .Having autonomy in business expands the notion of flexibility to include the will and self-direction of individuals. It includes the right to make meaningful decisions for one’s life and work and enables ownership over the work that is being done.For organization leaders, this might be puzzling, but the puzzle does make a meaningful whole when coupled with the fitting pieces. A culture of autonomy at work allows all parts of the bigger whole to function according to their capacity and needs. This way, the team can collaborate in the true sense, with everyone showing up as their authentic selves.Employee autonomy does not mean the complete lack of structure and alignment, nor leaving talents unattended and leaving all the decisions to them. It is rather about allowing space for individuals to figure out: how they can make work “work” for them how they can steer their own life on their terms and still produce the business outcomes that they set out for how to act as part of a team (if that’s the case for them) the pace of tasks and work conduct that fit their personality and capacities most suitable time and location arrangements for their circumstances Why is autonomy essential for work-life balance? Amid awkward Zoom calls and navigating the extraordinary conflation of work and home life at the peak of the pandemic, we have seen that work and life look different for everyone . Hence, the conversation is moving past the simple dichotomy of work and life . The discussion of “work-life balance” requires reframing.We need to talk about work and life in ways that don’t position work as an all-consuming, invasive bulk. But rather, as something that we get to tailor according to our life circumstances , that allows us to affirm our lives through meaningful self-actualization .There is no single formula for work-life balance. However, we can talk about a few prerequisites that enable people to achieve it on their own terms, and autonomy comes at the top of the list. Here are some of the relevant benefits of work autonomy according to research : higher levels of overall well-being increased job satisfaction increased leisure and life satisfaction ease in balancing tasks such as family commitments, caring responsibilities Who needs autonomy at work the most? Everyone deserves to work in conditions that allow them to flourish and live their life to their best capacity. Yet, for some, such conditions are not just ideal but mandatory to keep them in the labor force .Unfortunately, women still bear responsibility for a significant portion of family care and household work. Torn between the demands of work and caregiving, a large proportion of women drop out of the labor market and reduce their hours after childbirth.For caregivers, the center of life is the person they’re responsible for , whether it’s a child or another family member in need of care. Having autonomy over their schedule and pace allows caregivers to find the structure that works for them. This results in increased job satisfaction and better mental well-being in the long run.Speaking of well-being, another such instance is workers with invisible illnesses . Invisible illnesses (or invisible disabilities) refer to conditions that do not always have an immediate physical manifestation. Some examples include epilepsy, mental health conditions , neurodiversity, and chronic pain disorders. The majority of disabilities (about 74%) are invisible and do not require any visible aid.Invisible illnesses can make one’s life inconsistent from one day to another. They also require medical attention, which is not always available during regular work hours. Autonomous work allows workers with invisible illnesses to manage their symptoms and find the right arrangements to work at their best capacity.Lastly, for workers from marginalized backgrounds , workplace autonomy is not simply “ideal”, but a must. The 100-year-old traditional work arrangements were established by those in power, for those in power. They maintain the structural inequalities and day-to-day discrimination faced by women , people of color , ethnic minorities, and LGBTQ+ professionals .Location-independent work arrangements can decrease the microaggressions and policing of linguistic and bodily expressions that employees of color, ethnic minorities and LGBTQ+ professionals are subjected to in physical office environments. Less code switching and less emotional labor , along with the psychological fulfillment of having autonomy at work , allows marginalized professionals to realize their potential with much less friction. How to embrace autonomy in the workplace When a talent feels a lack of autonomy over their work, they tend to quit . Non-material reasons come before monetary concerns in why people partake in the Great Resignation . Organizations and leaders need to adapt to the demands of the current paradigm and ensure employee autonomy.What does an autonomous workplace look like? It starts in the culture and values. Work arrangements need to be human-centric, not work-centric . Here are some of the values and practices to solidify human-centric autonomous work: culture of trust and responsibility independence-focused job descriptions freedom and involvement in decision making location-independence and remote work asynchronous and time-flexible schedules growth mindset, room to make mistakes and learn use of flexible technologies enabling autonomous work Self-rule is the new rule Just because things are the way they are, doesn’t mean they have to stay that way. The way we understand and practice work is going through major changes– self-rule is becoming the new rule .Many employees leaving traditional employment in the past few years are either going to nontraditional work (temporary, gig, or part-time roles) or starting their own businesses. Of the employees who quit without a new job in hand , 47 percent chose to return to the workforce. However, only 29 percent returned to traditional full-time employment. As location-independent, asynchronous work models emphasizing employee autonomy gain prevalence, organizations need to keep up .At Ruul, we develop universal solutions for the remote reality, enabling solo talents to work with organizations in autonomy and harmony. We also curate news, tips and guides on the latest work trends and arrangements. Keep an eye on our blog and connect with us on LinkedIn and Instagram to stay up-to-date. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Bilge Özensoy Former aspiring academic & freelancer now pursuing writing and all things content, exploring potentials of new media under Ruul. Passionate about social movements, feminism & LGBTI+ rights. More Contra vs Upwork vs Fiverr Compare Contra, Upwork, and Fiverr for freelancers—fees, client quality, ease of use & payout speed in 2025. Read more What is a freelance writer: Explained in 6 facts A freelance writer is a writer who works on a self-employed basis. Here are answers to six specific questions about freelance writers. Read more What Are The Essential Terms Every Freelancer Should Know In 2024 Stay ahead in the freelancing world with these essential terms for 2024. Click to learn more about how they can help your career thrive! Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. 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https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/heroku-inference | Managed Inference and Agents Add-on | Heroku Dev Center Skip Navigation Show nav Dev Center Get Started Documentation Changelog Search Dev Center Get Started Node.js Ruby on Rails Ruby Python Java PHP Go Scala Clojure .NET Documentation Changelog More Additional Resources Home Elements Products Pricing Careers Help Status Events Podcasts Compliance Center Heroku Blog Heroku Blog Find out what's new with Heroku on our blog. 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Due to the nature of generative AI, the output that it generates may be unpredictable, and may include inaccurate or harmful responses. Customer assumes all responsibility for such output, including ensuring its accuracy, safety, and compliance with applicable laws and third-party acceptable use policies. For more information, please see the Heroku Notices and License Information Documentation . The Heroku Managed Inference and Agents add-on offers an easy way to access various large foundational AI models, including supported language (chat), embedding, and diffusion (image) models. To use these models, attach one or more model resources from the Heroku Managed Inference and Agents add-on to your Heroku app. The add-on adds config variables to your app, allowing you to call the provisioned models. You can call models with the Heroku AI CLI plug-in or via direct curl requests . All available models are hosted on Amazon Bedrock . Heroku provides an API similar to OpenAI’s to access the models. Check out the Python, Ruby, and JavaScript (Node.js) quick start guides . Tools This add-on can also enable your large language models (LLMs) to run tools on Heroku automatically, with built-in support for retries and error correction. It supports both custom tools you create and built-in tools, like code execution, provided by Heroku. When enabled, your app’s LLM calls a tool that triggers Heroku’s control loop to provision, execute, and deprovision dynos in the background, with action traces included in the model’s output. See Heroku Tools and Working With MCP to learn more. Benefits Heroku owns and maintains the add-on. Your data is never sent outside of secure AWS accounts. Inference prompts and completions are only logged temporarily via Heroku Logplex , which you control. Security Heroku is committed to providing a secure and reliable platform. The Managed Inference and Agents add-on is protected by extensive security measures designed to safeguard our underlying infrastructure and services. However, there are unique security challenges inherent to LLMs. The Nature of LLM Vulnerabilities LLMs are designed to interpret and respond dynamically to natural language. This core capability makes them uniquely susceptible to attacks where malicious instructions are embedded in the input. Prompt injection and chained attacks are two notable vulnerabilities. Prompt Injection Prompt injection is when an attacker exploits an LLM by introducing text that overrides the model’s built-in system instructions and security policies. LLM providers write security policies in natural language, and attackers can use this knowledge to bypass them. Chained Attacks Chained attacks are when an initial prompt injection combines with other model capabilities or external connections to achieve a larger, often unauthorized, action. A model’s ability to connect to and operate tools creates potential pathways for compromise if it generates malicious output. Treat LLM Output as Untrusted Input Due to the fundamental characteristics of LLMs, technology providers can’t entirely eliminate the risk of vulnerabilities. Achieving full protection requires a multi-layered strategy that extends beyond a managed platform service. We recommend all customers adopt a security-first approach when integrating LLM output into app logic, user interfaces, or any system connected to sensitive data or functions. Treat LLM output as untrusted input. Available Models For a complete list of available models in us and eu regions, see Managed Inference and Agents API Model Cards . Install the CLI Plugin Heroku provides an AI CLI plugin to interact with your model resources. Install the Heroku CLI if you haven’t installed it yet. Then, install the Heroku AI plugin: heroku plugins:install @heroku/plugin-ai See Heroku AI CLI Plugin Command Reference for details of all plugin commands. Provision Access to an AI Model Resource To use a model, you must first create and attach a model resource $MODEL_ID to your app $APP_NAME . If you don’t have an app, you can create one with heroku create <your-new-app-name> . To view the available models, you can run heroku ai:models:list . After deciding which model you want to use, run: heroku ai:models:create -a $APP_NAME $MODEL_ID By default, apps in the us region can only provision us models , and apps in the eu region can only provision eu models . Similarly, private space apps in the oregon , virginia , or montreal regions by default can only provision us models ; apps in the remaining private space regions can only provision eu models . To override this, use the --region flag and use addons:create instead of ai:models:create to create your model resource: heroku addons:create heroku-inference:$MODEL_ID -a $APP_NAME -- --region=us/eu You can attach multiple model resources to a single app. By default, the first model resource you attach to an app has an alias of INFERENCE . Subsequent attachments have randomized alias names, so we recommend you specify an alias with the --as flag. Specifically, we recommend using --as values of EMBEDDING and DIFFUSION for our embedding and diffusion models: heroku ai:models:create -a $APP_NAME cohere-embed-multilingual --as EMBEDDING heroku ai:models:create -a $APP_NAME stable-image-ultra --as DIFFUSION We recommend using an alias of INFERENCE for the chat models, an alias of EMBEDDING for the embedding model ( cohere-embed-multilingual ), and DIFFUSION for the image model ( stable-image-ultra ) that we offer. Our example code follows this pattern, so for easy copy and pasting of commands, we recommend you also use these aliases. If you attach more than one model resource of the same type to a single app, you must specify your own alias and replace any example code you’re using with the resulting config vars. Model Resource Config Vars After attaching a model resource to your app, your app has three new config variables. You can view these variables by calling heroku config -a $APP_NAME . If your app’s model resource has an alias of INFERENCE , which is the default, your three new config variables are: INFERENCE_KEY INFERENCE_MODEL_ID INFERENCE_URL To save these config variables as environment variables in your current environment, you can run: export INFERENCE_KEY=$(heroku config:get INFERENCE_KEY -a $APP_NAME) export INFERENCE_MODEL_ID=$(heroku config:get INFERENCE_MODEL_ID -a $APP_NAME) export INFERENCE_URL=$(heroku config:get INFERENCE_URL -a $APP_NAME) Or you can view and export your config vars all at once with: eval $(heroku config -a $APP_NAME --shell | grep '^INFERENCE_' | tee /dev/tty | sed 's/^/export /') In subsequent commands, you can specify your app’s <MODEL_RESOURCE> by either the --as alias, which is "INFERENCE" by default. Or you can specify it by the model resource slug, for example, inference-production-curved-41276 . Run heroku ai:models:info -a $APP_NAME to view the slug and alias of an attached model resource. Language-Specific Examples We have language-specific quick start guides in Python, Ruby, and JavaScript for each of our endpoints. Call an AI Model Resource Via API / curl Requests A typical model call looks like this: curl $INFERENCE_URL/v1/chat/completions \ -H "Authorization: Bearer $INFERENCE_KEY" \ -d '{ "model": '"\"$INFERENCE_MODEL_ID\""', <other model keyword-arguments, varies model to model> }' Though the full endpoint URL varies depending on the model you’re using. For example: Chat models use the /v1/chat/completions endpoint. Embedding model cohere-embed-multilingual uses the /v1/embeddings endpoint. Diffusion model stable-image-ultra uses the /v1/images/generations endpoint. See our model cards for details on each model. We recommend using streaming for all inferencing requests to prevent timeouts when requests exceed 29 seconds. Important Caveat: When using streaming with tool calling, the add-on streams complete responses after each tool call, rather than incremental updates. If any individual tool call takes 55 seconds or longer, a timeout will occur. Via Heroku AI Plugin A typical model call looks like this: heroku ai:models:call <MODEL_RESOURCE> -a $APP_NAME --prompt 'What is 1+2?' See our model cards for details on each model. Rate Limit Headers Token and request rate limits are per minute and calculated with a sliding window. Review these headers for information on the current state of your inference add-on’s rate limits: Header Description Example x-ratelimit-limit-requests limit on requests per minute 200 x-ratelimit-limit-tokens limit on tokens per minute 800000 x-ratelimit-remaining-requests remaining number of requests permitted before reaching rate limit 198 x-ratelimit-remaining-tokens remaining number of tokens permitted before reaching rate limit 799892 x-ratelimit-reset-requests time until more request capacity becomes available* 51s x-ratelimit-reset-tokens time until more token capacity becomes available* 51s * These headers are calculated with a one-minute sliding window. As entries expire, additional capacity releases gradually rather than all at once. The returned time value indicates when the oldest entry expires in the sliding window. Prompt Caching Prompt caching optimizes the Heroku Managed Inference and Agents add-on to deliver faster responses for common workflows, document processing, and code-generation tools. Heroku automatically enables prompt caching for system prompts and tool definitions. You can disable prompt caching for any request. When agentic apps make calls to models, a portion of the request content remains static. Prompt caching enables Heroku to not reprocess this static content for every call and instead use its already processed result from a secure cache. How prompt caching works: First request: A request with a new, substantial prompt is processed and Heroku securely caches the results. Similar requests: For subsequent requests with the same initial prompt or tools, Heroku reuses the cached components to provide a faster response. Caching only occurs when content meets the minimum token threshold, improving performance where it adds the most value. The secure cache automatically expires after five minutes of inactivity. Each cache is built on Heroku’s secure infrastructure and protects your data with cryptographic hashing and automatic expiration. Heroku only uses prompt caching for system prompts and tool definitions, and not for user messages or conversation history. Heroku doesn’t charge for cache writes or pass on the difference for cache hits. Disable Prompt Caching You can disable prompt caching for a request by adding an HTTP header: X-Heroku-Prompt-Caching: false Monitoring and Logging Display stats and the current state of your model resources via the ai plugin: heroku ai:models:info <MODEL_RESOURCE> -a $APP_NAME # model resource can be the resource ID or alias. Tracking Usage To view usage data for an AI model resource, run: heroku usage:addons -a example-app -t example-team Heroku returns the metered data, for example: === Usage for example-team Add-on Meter Quantity ───────────────────────── ────── ──────── inference-amorphous-42410 input 8 inference-amorphous-42410 output 12 Metered data displays the number of tokens processed (input) and generated (output) by an AI model resource in the current billing period. For pricing details, see the Heroku Managed Inference and Agents add-on . Deprovisioning an AI Model Resource If you only ever use heroku ai:models:create commands to create and attach model resources, you can use heroku ai:models:destroy to destroy that resource. However, in some cases users attach a single model resource to multiple apps via heroku ai:models:attach . To destroy a model resource connected to multiple apps, you must first detach the resource from all but one app with heroku ai:models:detach . Then, run heroku ai:models:destroy or run the destroy command with the --force flag. Destroy an AI Model Resource This action destroys all associated data and you can’t undo it! To destroy an AI model resource, run: heroku ai:models:destroy <MODEL_RESOURCE> --app $APP_NAME When destroying a model resource, you can specify the model resource’s alias or the resource ID. Detach an AI Model Resource If you chose to create and then attach model resources to certain apps, you can detach an AI model resource from a specific app with: heroku ai:models:detach <MODEL_RESOURCE> --app $APP_NAME When detaching a model resource, you can specify the model resource’s alias or the resource ID. This add-on bills by usage. A detached AI model resource never bills you, nor will an attached AI model resource that you’re not actively using. Feedback Log in to submit feedback. 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https://ruul.io/blog/6-steps-to-create-your-freelance-designer-portfolio#$%7Bid%7D | 6 steps to create your freelance designer portfolio - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up grow 6 steps to create your freelance designer portfolio Craft your standout freelance designer portfolio in just 6 steps. Showcase your talent, land clients, thrive! Mert Bulut 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Creating a freelance portfolio is one of the crucial steps that you have to take if you want to land work as an independent designer. A portfolio is often one of the first impressions that a potential client might have of you and your work. It advertises your style and creativity, the skills that you can use to execute a client’s vision, and the mediums you best work with.Freelance design portfolios have to introduce many aspects of you and your work in a relatively small space. It must attract a client’s interest and convince them that you are the right person for the job. This means you have to demonstrate your expertise and modes of expression through a limited number of examples.In this piece, we are going to discuss some qualities freelance design portfolios should have and give you tips on how to prepare a strong designer portfolio. Remember, freelancing portfolios are one of the most effective tools you have to entice customers, so you should invest time and effort to make your portfolio stand out from the competition . By following these tips, you’ll definitely have a good place to start. What is a freelance design portfolio? A freelance design portfolio is a self-employed portfolio showcasing a designer’s best work and exhibiting skills to prospective clients. In this regard, they don’t differ much from other freelancer portfolios such as those for content writers. However, some key aspects are very different.A freelance web designer’s portfolio, for example, emphasizes the visual aspects of the content like style, coordination, and UI design. A graphic designer might emphasize how their designs were related to or expressed a potential client’s brand. A design portfolio is the place where you show off what you can do , so make sure it’s both succinct and the best that you have.This means that you should invest considerable care to create the best possible gallery to display your work . Think of this as almost a mini-art gallery that shows viewers what they can expect from you when they hire you. It’s the best way to market yourself and your services. Characteristics of a robust freelance designer portfolio There are a million different ways that you can make an effective portfolio, and you’ll find just as many freelance portfolio examples, but they all have a few things in common. The key is crafting a portfolio evocative enough to leave a positive impression while being truthful to your skills. Some other tips include: Be sure to make your portfolio succinct and to the point; choose several high-quality examples of your work, but be careful not to overwhelm your viewer. Use designs that best illustrate your style and expertise; take big swings, and show off your best work to demonstrate what you’re capable of. Make sure your portfolio is easy to read and not cluttered; having a clean and accessible portfolio puts you miles ahead of potential competition. Make sure to include details of your projects like the brand, the task you accomplished, and if available some client feedback. We will go into further details about other tips you can use, and even dive deeper into the ones mentioned above later in the article. But if we were to sum up these characteristics, we can say that good portfolios feature clean designs that show off your best work in a way that informs viewers about your style, capabilities, and your previous experiences. This is the goal you should aim for when putting your portfolio together. How to build a designer portfolio in 6 steps In this section, you’ll find a step-by-step guide to building an effective portfolio , including tips you need to make your work stand out. We’ll cover what you need to do, the best ways to do it, and why you should take this advice. In addition to reading the advice in this article, view some freelance designer portfolio samples by other designers so that you can have an idea about the direction you wish to take. Be sure to curate your best work This bit of advice seems like a no-brainer, but it bears repeating: show off the best work that you have. You want to put your best foot forward when making a first impression, and that’s what your portfolio is. You should be very selective with the examples that you wish to present and pick ones that you feel best represent your scope of experience, skills and abilities. This requires finding your earlier works that best fit these criteria, which isn’t necessarily easy. Pick the works that best demonstrate your creativity and skill in an accessible way. Use previous examples that have gotten good reviews from peers and colleagues, especially examples that have received positive client feedback. Your portfolio should represent the best you have to offer, and ensure that anyone who sees your work can’t help but take notice. Add your unique style & personal touch You most likely got into this line of work because you like expressing your creativity. You surely are incredibly passionate about creating and you have dedicated serious time and resources to do so. So, show it off. You want people to consider your portfolio as a unique experience that gives them a sense of who you are as a creator . Don’t shy away from leaning into your unique style , and be sure to make it one of the highlights of your portfolio. Find ways to illustrate this whether it be through the creative use of colors, texture, fonts, or even incorporating a little humor into your examples. You want prospective clients to know you and your work, so make sure you include enough of yourself in the examples you provide. Emphasize your specialization While focusing on ensuring that you represent yourself with your best work, you should also make sure that you’ve picked the projects that represent your specialization in the best way. If you are good at branding and making logos, then make sure that’s what you highlight in your portfolio. Think of it this way, you want clients to be impressed by your most marketable talent, so make sure you place that in the forefront.Oftentimes, designers will fall into a trap. You’ll see freelance portfolio examples where they include works or designs that they aren’t proficient in, in an attempt to showcase their versatility. While versatility is great, make sure that you are putting freelance work that you are completely comfortable and confident handling on your portfolio. Limit your portfolio to 6 projects We’ve emphasized finding the best work that you can display; not only do you want to lead with your best product but you also have a limited time to catch their attention. You don’t want to overwhelm the potential client with too many case studies or projects. Your mission should be to focus on quality over quantity. Prioritize a selection of examples and make sure that you have them presentable. You can find other ways to present your rather secondary projects. For example, if you create a ton of content, you can post them regularly on social media platforms like Instagram and have your account serve as a portfolio. Or, you can create a blog that features more of your work and even present insights into your creative processes. But make sure your portfolio still features your best selected works. Use hero images to sell your skills Before we discuss why you should use hero images, it’s important to quickly go over what the term hero image stands for. Hero images are large images that serve as a banner for websites and that catch the viewer's attention. Think of them almost as headlines. They are usually some of the first things that a potential viewer notices.So, you can imagine why hero images would be important. When creating a portfolio/website use fewer but larger and well-positioned images to catch the viewer’s eye. Don’t overwhelm your viewer with too many images, otherwise you risk cluttering your portfolio with needless graphics that are nothing but distractions. Use clean layouts In conjunction with the advice that we laid out above, another tip that you can use when making your portfolio is to ensure that you have a clean, well designed, and formatted portfolio page . Depending on your wants and needs, this can be a difficult process that might be tricky to master. Bonus Tip: Choose the Right Platform Choosing the best portfolio website builder can make or break your portfolio presentation. You can pick from the top, reasonably priced website builders for your online portfolio that are packed with advanced features, marketing and SEO tools to make it simple for you to share, sell, and promote your work without writing a single line of code. Check out these top portfolio websites to obtain ideas for how to make your website stand out and to be impactful. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Mert Bulut Mert Bulut is an innate entrepreneur, who after completing his education in Management Engineering (BSc) and Programming (MSc), co-founded Ruul at the age of 27. His achievements in entrepreneurship were recognized by Fortune magazine, which named him as one of their 40 under 40 in 2022. More Freelance Virtual Assistant Rates 2025: Global Hourly Pricing Guide Beginner or boss-level VA what should you charge? Let’s explore the 2025 rates that make clients (and you) happy. Read more Rooted with Ruul: Meet İsmail from The United States İsmail Habib is an independent professional with 17 years of experience in the IT industry, emphasizing the importance of simplicity and support in freelance platforms like Ruul, and advising freelancers to prioritize quality and focus on one task at a time. Read more What is a 1099 Form for Freelancers? Are you a freelancer in the US? Learn the basics of Form 1099 as a freelancer to manage your taxes smoothly. Click to learn more! Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-503-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 503 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 503 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 503 is a temporary or "5xx" error code returned by a mail server when it is unable to process a command or request due to a lack of necessary resources or improper sequence. This error indicates a transient issue where the server cannot accommodate the request at the moment. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 503? SMTP Error 503 in phpmailer Instances & Examples: Case 1: "503 5.3.2 Server overloaded, please try again later." Case 2: "503 5.5.1 Improper command sequence. Check the order of your SMTP commands." Case 3: "503 5.7.0 Temporary server issue. Your request cannot be processed at the moment." Case 4: "503 5.4.3 Server maintenance in progress. Please retry in an hour." What’s Causing This SMTP Error 503? SMTP 503 error in phpmailer can be caused by: Insufficient resources: The server may be temporarily overloaded or lack the resources needed to process the command or request. Improper command sequence: SMTP commands should be issued in a specific order. If the sender or client sends commands out of sequence, the server may respond with error 503. Temporary issues: Transient network problems, server maintenance, or other short-lived problems can result in SMTP error 503. How to Resolve SMTP Error 503 - Step-by-Step Solution To address SMTP Error 503, follow these steps: Wait and retry: In many cases, SMTP error 503 is a temporary issue. Wait for a while and retry the operation or email delivery. Check command sequence: Ensure that SMTP commands are issued in the correct order as per the SMTP protocol. Review the command sequence in your email client or application. Verify server status: Check if the recipient's server is experiencing issues or maintenance. Contact the recipient's email administrator for more information. SMTP Error 503 Examples Example 1: "503 5.3.2 Server overloaded, please try again later." Example 2: "503 5.5.1 Improper command sequence. Check the order of your SMTP commands." Example 3: "503 5.7.0 Temporary server issue. Your request cannot be processed at the moment." Example 4: "503 5.4.3 Server maintenance in progress. Please retry in an hour." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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https://ruul.io/blog/what-is-goods-and-services-tax#$%7Bid%7D | Everything About Goods and Services Tax (GST) Simplified Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up get paid What Is Goods And Services Tax (GST)? Everything You Need To Know Learn the fundamentals of Goods and services tax, including definition, features, and implementation. Explore its impact on businesses, freelancers, and consumers. Eran Karaso 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Did you notice that whether you buy a chocolate or a new iPhone, you pay some extra money over its actual price? That extra amount you pay is the GST. So, what is GST? How does it affect your business? What are GST rates and different categories? You will get answers to all these queries associated with GST in this writeup. Read further to know more. Introduction to GST Abbreviated for Goods and Services Tax, GST is a type of value-added tax, replacing the indirect tax system. It is an indirect tax that replaces all other indirect taxes, including VAT, excise duty, service tax, etc. levied on the sale of goods and services. GST is a comprehensive and multi-stage tax that adds to the product value at each value addition stage along its supply chain. How does the GST Work? Firstly, you must know that GST is a destination-based tax, which means the tax levies in the state where the goods will be consumed. Under the original tax-based system, state governments levy taxes at each point of production. However, in the GST regime, only the state and the region, where the consumer resides and consumes the goods and services, can collect the tax revenue; regardless of where the company produced the goods or rendered its services. However, it does not mean that tax is not applicable at different points of sale. The only change is that it keeps on adding and finally, the consumer pays while purchasing the product. In simple words to explain what is GST tax, it is the replacement of different indirect taxes that central and state governments levied earlier, bringing a nation into a unified tax structure. However, there are some goods and services which remain out of GST exemptions. All such goods and services fall under the state’s older tax regime of VAT. In the VAT system, tax is levied at every step of value addition, from procurement of raw materials to delivery to end consumers. As the GST combines different indirect taxes into one single system, it reduces the compliance burden for manufacturers and businesses. Further, manufacturers need not club different taxes into one, easing their job. The production cost also reduces, making products more affordable. Implementation of GST also enhances transparency in the tax system as its digital infrastructure can record each and every transaction, be it small or huge. Also, as GST is a universally accepted tax regime, it puts a nation on par with the world market. GST Rates and Categories GST rates in different countries can vary as every country has its own version of GST with its own rates and categories. Also, these rates and categories are subject to revision with the changing economic conditions and government policies. Let’s get a broad overview of the GST rates in some countries. Australia In Australia, you will find a unified GST rate of 10%. However, some goods and services, including education, basic food items, and healthcare are out of the GST regime. Canada Unlike Australia, Canada has a federal GST levied at the rate of 5%. Besides this, the provinces also impose their provincial sales tax and harmonized sales tax 9HST ranging between 13-15%) along with GST. European Union The EU follows a VAT system with standard tax rates ranging between 17-27%. Each member state levies its own rates under EU guidelines. However, some goods and services are exempted here too while some others have reduced rates. India In India, the GST structure is multi-tier i.e. there are various rates and categories depending on the types of goods and services. Starting from the 0% GST on essential food items, the highest GST tax slab is 28%, applicable on luxury hotels, high-end electronics, and automobiles. In between these two rates, there are rates of 5%, 12% and 18%. Apart from this, luxury cars, tobacco, aerated drinks, cigarettes, and petrol attract cess too. Cess is an additional charge levied over and above GST. United Kingdom The UK also follows a VAT structure with a standard rate of 20%. However, the nation exempts some essential food items and insurance and financial services. Also, some products like children’s car seats and domestic fuel fall under reduced tax rates of 5%. Singapore Singapore levies a single standard rate of 7%, exempting some services including residential properties, financial services, and essential food items. Different Types of GST Though GST is a unified tax system, it has different types based on the taxed goods and services and the way in which the tax is levied. Let’s briefly discuss the different types of GST to know the real meaning of goods and services tax. 1. CGST or Central GST: As the name clears, this is the tax collected by the central government on the intra-state supply of goods. For example, you buy goods from the trader from the same state and the revenue that you pay to the central government is CGST. 2. SGST or State GST: In the scenario explained above, the tax revenue that goes to the state is state GST. Or in simpler words, the tax that a state collects for an intrastate transaction. 3. IGST or Integrated GST: When you buy some goods or services from a different state, the central government will levy IGST on the purchased products and will distribute them to the destination state. IGST maintains a uniform tax structure, allowing smooth movement of services and goods between different states. 4. Union territory GST or UTGST: This tax is similar to SGST but when levied by the union territories, it is UTGST. 5. Composite GST: In some countries, you will find a composite GST system where one standard rate applies to all goods and services. The process makes it easier to calculate tax levied. 6. Multi-stage GST: The name makes it clear that when GST applies to the different stages of the supply chain, it is a multi-stage GST. However, in this case, you can prevent rising tax amounts through input tax credits. 7. Dual GST: In some countries like India, both state and central governments have the right to levy GST on the same base of goods and services parallelly. How does GST Affect Businesses? What is GST for businesses? Is it good or bad? There is no definite answer to this as it depends on the particular business context, its size, GST implementation, and the economic environment. Let’s know what advantages GST brings for business and how it is challenging in certain aspects. Some Positive Aspects: Firstly, as we all know, GST combines all indirect taxes, making it a unified tax system. With this simplification, businesses involved in interstate transactions have lesser administrative burden. Also, there is a significant reduction in compliance costs. Further, this unified tax structure creates a level playing field by eradicating interstate trade barriers. Another positive aspect of GST is that you can claim Input Tax credit for the GST paid in the course of a business transaction. However, you need to present proper documents and should prove compliance with GST rules. With this facility, businesses can lighten their tax burden, improving cash flow. Some Initial Challenges If you are a small business owner, GST technology and compliance requirements can pose initial challenges for you. You may need to invest in different systems to ensure GST compliance such as training staff, updating your account software, or getting familiar with the new tax laws. However, gradually, you may realize its benefits as it reduces tax burden, making you more competitive in the market. GST also brings prominent changes in the tax structure of the service sector. Some services may become cheaper while some others may have to face higher tax rates. When it comes to impact on pricing, GST has balanced effects. All thanks to the input tax credit feature, prices of some goods and services will drop significantly while due to changed GST rates, some goods and services may become costlier. In the case of international trade, exporters can ask for refunds for the GST paid on the exported goods while in the case of imports, IGST brings a significant impact on the goods pricing. Freelancers Tips for GST Compliance For freelancers, Goods and Services Tax (GST) compliance can be crucial for maintaining legal and financial integrity. Here are some tips to ensure GST compliance: If you are a freelancer, you need to be GST compliant to ensure your financial and legal integrity. Some tips that can help you are: Firstly, based on your total annual income, identify if you come under the GST tax regime. If yes, you need to register for GST with the concerned tax authority. Even if your turnover is less than the GST registration threshold, you need to keep a check that it does not go beyond that. If it increases, register for GST. Once your GST registration process is complete, make sure that you keep details of all your invoices, expenses, and income receipts. You may need them to report your GST paid and to claim your ITC. While issuing invoices, ensure that you mention all the information required as per GST rules and regulations. This may include your GST registration number, invoice data and number, client details, total amount, and a small description of the type of service. While mentioning the total amount, ensure that you add GST levied on the taxable goods and services. Don’t forget to file your GST returns. You can do it via online portals. Mention all the income and expense details and GST calculations accurately. Always keep yourself updated with the GST rules and regulations, especially those associated with your types of service and industry. If you have paid any GST on business expenses, maintain a record so that you can claim your ITC. This helps you reduce your overall tax burden. Make sure that you keep aside enough funds to pay your taxes on time. If not, you may have to face serious penalties and interest charges. Still in doubt? Seek some professional advice regarding tax implications and GST compliance. A tax professional specialized in GST can guide you with the best tips for your specific situation. Conclusion GST rates may vary from country to country and may undergo revisions based on the changing government policies. It is essential that you keep yourself updated with the latest laws to ensure compliance with your country’s GST laws. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Eran Karaso Eran Karaso is a marketing and brand strategy leader with more than a decade of experience helping global tech companies connect with their audiences. He’s built brand narratives that stick, led successful go-to-market strategies, and worked hand-in-hand with cross-functional teams to ensure everyone is on the same page. More How to promote your solo business Self-promotion is key to success for solo business owners. Find out how to expand your professional network and use digital marketing to your advantage. Read more Benefits of remote work for disabled workers Remote work opened up many opportunities to enter the workforce for people with disabilities. Read more Tips for Getting More Freelancing Clients Looking to attract more freelancing clients? Discover effective tips, from building a strong online presence to mastering your pitch for success! 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse dev.to staff for The DEV Team Posted on Oct 13, 2025 Congrats to the Heroku "Back to School" AI Challenge Winners! # devchallenge # herokuchallenge # heroku # ai Thank you to everyone for being patient, the wait is over! We are excited to announce the winners of the Heroku "Back to School" AI Challenge . Students who participated in this challenge built AI-powered applications that sought to make the back-to-school transition smoother, smarter, and more successful. Each submission showcased thoughtful applications of Heroku's AI features, demonstrating creative approaches to solving real educational problems. We appreciate the dedication and technical sophistication demonstrated by all participants. We hope every participant is proud of what they accomplished and gained valuable experience working with Heroku AI features, regardless of whether they're taking home a prize today. Without further ado, our winners. Congratulations To… Crazy Creative Winner @prime_299792 delivered a comprehensive AI-powered study management platform that goes far beyond traditional study tools. Study-Mate: AI Powered Study Success Platform. Anshu Mandal ・ Sep 29 #devchallenge #herokuchallenge #webdev #ai What sets Study-Mate apart is its implementation of MentorMind, an AI assistant that leverages a multi-agent architecture with intelligent orchestration between GPT-OSS, Nova Lite, and Claude agents. Educator Empowerment Winner @victor_lakra_e1910abe17fc built a practical solution addressing a time-consuming challenge that educators face daily: lesson planning. Teacher Assistant transforms the lesson planning process by enabling teachers to upload teaching materials and receive comprehensive, context-aware lesson plans in minutes. AI-Powered Teacher Assistant: Revolutionizing Lesson Planning for Educators VICTOR LAKRA ・ Sep 28 #devchallenge #herokuchallenge #webdev #ai The application leverages Heroku Managed Inference with Cohere embeddings and Claude Sonnet 4, combined with pgvector-enabled Postgres for semantic search capabilities. Student Success Winner @juliodiaz0209 created a powerful multi-agent learning platform that demonstrates the future of AI-powered education. StudyFlow AI coordinates seven specialized AI agents working seamlessly together to provide personalized learning experiences across multiple dimensions of student success. StudyFlow AI Julio Díaz ・ Sep 29 #devchallenge #herokuchallenge #webdev #ai The integration of Heroku's Model Context Protocol for real-time agent communication, pgvector for context storage, and Managed Inference creates a truly adaptive learning experience that adjusts to individual student needs. Each winner will receive $1,000 USD, a DEV++ Membership , and an exclusive DEV badge. All eligible student participants will receive a completion badge for rising to the challenge! Sponsor Shoutout A huge thank you to Heroku for sponsoring this challenge and providing students with the opportunity to build with cutting-edge AI features. Heroku's AI PaaS platform featuring Model Context Protocol (MCP), Managed Inference and Agents, and pgvector for Postgres enabled participants to create sophisticated multi-agent applications without getting bogged down in infrastructure complexity! What's next? Stay tuned for upcoming DEV Challenges! 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Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand Anshu Mandal Anshu Mandal Anshu Mandal Follow Location India Joined Aug 30, 2024 • Oct 13 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you so much for this amazing opportunity ❤️❤️❤️ Like comment: Like comment: 6 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Julio Díaz Julio Díaz Julio Díaz Follow Software Developer · Mechatronics Engineer · Learning and shipping Location USA Joined Sep 10, 2025 • Oct 13 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Omg, thank you, guys! you just made my day :') Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand VICTOR LAKRA VICTOR LAKRA VICTOR LAKRA Follow Joined Oct 3, 2024 • Oct 13 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you so much. TBH, I don't know how to express this feeling. Thank you for this opportunity.❤ Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Follow Software Engineer • Technical Content Writer • LinkedIn Content Creator Email hadilbenabdallah111@gmail.com Location Tunisia Education ENET'COM Pronouns she/her Work Content Writer & Social Media Manager Joined Nov 13, 2023 • Oct 13 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide @prime_299792 @victor_lakra_e1910abe17fc @juliodiaz0209 Congrats, guys 🎉 Your projects are amazing 🔥👏🏻 Like comment: Like comment: 4 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand VICTOR LAKRA VICTOR LAKRA VICTOR LAKRA Follow Joined Oct 3, 2024 • Oct 14 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you. ✌ Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Anshu Mandal Anshu Mandal Anshu Mandal Follow Location India Joined Aug 30, 2024 • Oct 13 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thanks 🤗 Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand Julián Duque Julián Duque Julián Duque Follow Developer and Educator - Principal Developer Advocate @ Heroku Location St Petersburg, FL Pronouns He/Him Work Principal Developer Advocate at Heroku Joined Nov 13, 2018 • Oct 13 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide You all did a great job with the solutions and how you used the features. If you have any feedback for us at the Heroku team to make the AI app development better for builders like yourselves please do not hesitate to comment! Like comment: Like comment: 3 likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand VICTOR LAKRA VICTOR LAKRA VICTOR LAKRA Follow Joined Oct 3, 2024 • Oct 14 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you for the opportunity. As it was my first time building an AI application, I did face some challenges. I found the Heroku documentation really helpful. Like comment: Like comment: 2 likes Like Comment button Reply Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . 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https://devblogs.microsoft.com/devops/a-deep-dive-into-git-performance-using-trace2/ | A Deep Dive into Git Performance using Trace2 - Azure DevOps Blog Skip to main content Microsoft Dev Blogs Dev Blogs Dev Blogs Home Developer Microsoft for Developers Visual Studio Visual Studio Code Develop from the cloud All things Azure Xcode DevOps Windows Developer ISE Developer Azure SDK Command Line Aspire Technology DirectX Semantic Kernel Languages C++ C# F# TypeScript PowerShell Team Python Java Java Blog in Chinese Go .NET All .NET posts .NET Aspire .NET MAUI AI ASP.NET Core Blazor Entity Framework NuGet Servicing .NET Blog in Chinese Platform Development #ifdef Windows Microsoft Foundry Azure Government Azure VM Runtime Team Bing Dev Center Microsoft Edge Dev Microsoft Azure Microsoft 365 Developer Microsoft Entra Identity Developer Old New Thing Power Platform Data Development Azure Cosmos DB Azure Data Studio Azure SQL OData Revolutions R Unified Data Model (IDEAs) Microsoft Entra PowerShell More Search Search No results Cancel Dev Blogs Azure DevOps Blog A Deep Dive into Git Performance using Trace2 August 6th, 2019 0 reactions A Deep Dive into Git Performance using Trace2 Jeff Hostetler Principal Software Engineer Show more One of the cardinal rules when attempting to improve software performance is to measure rather than guess. It is easy to fall into the trap of attempting a performance enhancement before root-causing the real performance bottleneck. Our team at Microsoft has been working to improve the performance of Git to scale up to extremely large repositories, such as the Office and Windows repositories–the latter being the largest one on the planet today. We added the Trace2 feature to Git to help us find and measure performance problems, to help us track our progress, and to help us direct our engineering efforts. We contributed Trace2 to core Git so that others may use it too. Trace2 is a new feature available in Git 2.22 , so update your version of Git if necessary and give it a try. What is Trace2? Trace2 is a logging framework built into Git. It can write to multiple logging targets , each with a unique format suitable for a different type of analysis. In this article I’ll use the performance format target to generate PERF format tracing data and I’ll show how we use it in our iterative development loop to understand and improve Git. In a later article I’ll focus on the event format target to generate EVENT format tracing data and show how we use it to aggregate performance across multiple commands and users and gain higher-level insight. We’ve found that both types of analysis are critical to removing the guess work and help us understand the big picture as we scale Git to help our users be productive. Turn on Trace2 and Follow Along In this article I’m going to do a deep dive on a few example Git commands, show the Trace2 output, and explain what it all means. It’ll be easier to understand how Trace2 works if you turn it on and follow along using one of your own repos. I’m going to use Microsoft’s fork of Git which has features specifically for VFS for Git , so my output may differ slightly from yours. Select a repository that you are familiar with. The bigger the better–after all we are talking about performance and scaling. It should also have an “https” remote that you can push to. I’m going to “go really big” and use the Windows repository with help from VFS for Git. Trace2 can write trace data to the console or to a log file. Sending it to the console can be confusing because the data is mixed with the actual command output. It is better to send it to a log file so you can study it in detail after the commands complete. Trace2 always appends new trace data to the bottom of the log file, so we can see the command history. And if multiple Git commands run concurrently, their output will be interleaved, so we can see the interaction. Let’s turn on the performance format target and send the data to a file. And for space reasons, also turn on “brief” mode, which hides source filenames and line numbers. You can enable Trace2 for Git commands in the current terminal window using environment variables. export GIT_TRACE2_PERF_BRIEF=true export GIT_TRACE2_PERF=/an/absolute/pathname/to/logfile You’re all set now. Git commands will now append performance data to this log file. Example 1 – Git Status Let’s start with a simple example by running git status . We will step through the Trace2 logs line by line. $ git status On branch x Your branch and 'origin/official/rsmaster' have diverged, and have 3 and 242137 different commits each, respectively. (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours) It took 26.02 seconds to compute the branch ahead/behind values. You can use '--no-ahead-behind' to avoid this. nothing to commit, working tree clean Your log file should contain something similar to the following. The format of the output is described in PERF format , but it should be fairly easy to follow along, so I won’t try to repeat it here. I will point out key points as we go along. Note that Git will append Trace2 messages from the current command to the end of the log file, so your log file may have output from previous commands if you have been experimenting on your own. For space and privacy reasons, I’ll omit or shorten some of the Trace2 messages, so your output may differ from this a little. And for clarity, I will add blank lines for grouping purposes. Process Startup d0 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d0 | start | 0.007057 | | | 'C:\v\bin\git.exe' status The “start” message contains the full command line. Column 3 contains the elapsed time since the start of the program. d0 | child_start | 0.031535 | | | [ch0] class:hook hook:pre-command argv: ... d0 | child_exit | 0.232245 | 0.200710 | | [ch0] pid:20112 code:0 “child_*” messages mark the boundaries of a spawned child process. This child happens to be of type “hook”. Column 4, when present, contains the relative time since the corresponding start or enter message. The VFS for Git-aware version of Git contains a pre-command hook that is invoked at the start of each Git command. It started at t+0.031535 seconds. The child process finished at t+0.232245 seconds. Since hooks are run synchronously, we know that the git status process waited 0.200710 seconds for the hook to complete. d0 | cmd_name | | | | status (status) This message prints the canonical name of the command and the command’s ancestry in the last column. The canonical name is status . Normally, this is just the value of the first non-option token on the command line. For top-level Git commands there are no parent Git commands, so the ancestry is reported as just status . The ancestry will be more important later when we talk about child Git commands spawned by other Git commands. In these instances the ancestry contains the hierarchy of Git commands spawning this command. We’ll see examples of this later. Reading the Index d0 | region_enter | 0.232774 | | index | label:do_read_index .git/index d0 | data | 0.518577 | 0.285803 | index | ..read/version:4 d0 | data | 0.518636 | 0.285862 | index | ..read/cache_nr:3183722 d0 | region_leave | 0.518655 | 0.285881 | index | label:do_read_index .git/index “region_*” messages mark the boundaries of an “interesting” computation, such as a function call, a loop, or a just span of code. Column 5, when present, contains a “category” field. This is an informal way of grouping a region or data message to a section of the code. These messages are all associated with the index. The last column contains a label name for the region, in this case do_read_index . We know from looking at the source code that this is the name of the function that reads the index into memory. This column can also include region-specific information. In this case it is the relative pathname of the index file. “data” messages report the values of “interesting” variables in the last column. The index was in V4 format. The index contained 3,183,722 cache-entries (files under version control). Also, the last column of “data” and “region” messages contained within an outer region are prefixed with “..” to indicate the nesting level. Git started reading the index at t+0.232774 and finished at t+0.518655. We spent 0.285881 seconds reading the index. As you can see the Windows repo is extremely large with ~3.2 million files under version control. It takes Git about a third of a second just to read and parse the index. And this must happen before any actual work can start. Applying VFS Hints d0 | child_start | 0.518814 | | | [ch1] argv: .git/hooks/virtual-filesystem 1 d0 | child_exit | 0.534578 | 0.015764 | | [ch1] pid:28012 code:0 d0 | data | 0.964700 | 0.964700 | vfs | apply/tracked:44 d0 | data | 0.964748 | 0.964748 | vfs | apply/vfs_rows:47 d0 | data | 0.964765 | 0.964765 | vfs | apply/vfs_dirs:2 A child process was created to run the VFS for Git virtual-filesystem hook. This hook is critical to making git status fast in a virtualized repository, as VFS for Git is watching file contents change and Git can trust the hook’s response instead of walking the filesystem directly. Our Trace2 logs include some statistics about the hook’s response. For example, VFS for Git knows that only 44 files have been opened for read+write, such as in an editor. However, we see a gap of about ~0.43 seconds after the hook finished at t+0.534578 and before the first data message at t+0.964700. In the future we might want to use Trace2 or a profiler to experiment and track down what is happening during that gap. Status Computations d0 | region_enter | 1.171908 | | status | label:worktrees d0 | region_leave | 1.242157 | 0.070249 | status | label:worktrees Phase 1 (“label:worktrees”) of the status computation took 0.070249 seconds. d0 | region_enter | 1.242215 | | status | label:index d0 | data | 1.243732 | 0.001517 | midx | ..load/num_packs:2592 d0 | data | 1.243757 | 0.001542 | midx | ..load/num_objects:47953162 d0 | region_enter | 1.297172 | | exp | ..label:traverse_trees d0 | region_leave | 1.297310 | 0.000138 | exp | ..label:traverse_trees d0 | region_leave | 1.345756 | 0.103541 | status | label:index Phase 2 (“label:index”) of the status computation took 0.103541 seconds. Within this region, a nested region (“label:traverse_trees”) took 0.000138 seconds. We know there are 2,592 packfiles containing ~48 million objects. d0 | region_enter | 1.345811 | | status | label:untracked d0 | region_leave | 1.347070 | 0.001259 | status | label:untracked Phase 3 (“label:untracked”) of the status computation took 0.001259 seconds. This phase was very fast because it only had to inspect the 44 paths identified by the virtual-filesystem hook. d0 | data | 1.398723 | 1.398723 | status | count/changed:0 d0 | data | 1.398766 | 1.398766 | status | count/untracked:0 d0 | data | 1.398782 | 1.398782 | status | count/ignored:0 Status was clean. We have the result ready to print at t+1.398782 seconds. Printing Status Results d0 | region_enter | 1.398833 | | status | label:print d0 | region_leave | 27.418896 | 26.020063 | status | label:print However, it took 26.020063 seconds to print the status results. More on this in a minute. Process Shutdown d0 | child_start | 27.419178 | | | [ch2] class:hook hook:post-command argv: ... d0 | child_exit | 27.619002 | 0.199824 | | [ch2] pid:20576 code:0 VFS for Git also requires a post-command hook. d0 | atexit | 27.619494 | | | code:0 Status completed with exit code 0 at t+27.619494 seconds. The Status Ahead/Behind Problem As you can see, we have a pretty good idea of where our time was spent in the command. We spent ~26 seconds in the “label:print” region. That seems like a very long time to print “nothing to commit, working tree clean”. We could use a profiler tool or we could add some nested regions to track it down. I’ll leave that as an exercise for you. I did that exercise a few years ago and found that the time was spent computing the exact ahead/behind numbers. Status reported that my branch is behind upstream by 242,137 commits and the only way to know that is to walk the commit graph and search for the relationship between HEAD and the upstream branch. At this point you’re probably saying something about this being a contrived example and that I picked an ancient commit as the basis for my x topic branch. Why else would I have a branch nearly 250K commits behind? The Windows repo is huge and master moves very fast. The basis for my topic branch is less than 3 months old! This is easily within the realm of a topic branch under development and review. This is another scale vector we have to contend with. This led me to add the --no-ahead-behind option to git status in Git 2.17 . Let’s give that a try and see what happens. $ git status --no-ahead-behind On branch x Your branch and 'origin/official/rsmaster' refer to different commits. (use "git status --ahead-behind" for details) nothing to commit, working tree clean When this option is enabled, status only reports that the 2 branches refer to different commits. It does not report ahead/behind counts or whether the branches have diverged or are fast-forwardable. I’ll skip over the similar parts of the trace output and just show the bottom portion. d0 | data | 1.474304 | 1.474304 | status | count/changed:0 d0 | data | 1.474348 | 1.474348 | status | count/untracked:0 d0 | data | 1.474376 | 1.474376 | status | count/ignored:0 d0 | region_enter | 1.474390 | | status | label:print d0 | region_leave | 1.475869 | 0.001479 | status | label:print d0 | atexit | 1.663404 | | | code:0 Git printed the status results in 0.001479 seconds in this run by avoiding the ahead/behind computation. Total run time for status was 1.663404 seconds. So What’s the Big Deal? At this point you may be saying “So, what’s the big deal? I could get that level of detail from a profiler.” Profilers are great, but have their limitations. Profilers typically only work on a single process. Git processes frequently invoke child Git processes and shell scripts. This makes it extremely difficult to capture a complete view of an operation since we need to somehow merge the profile data from all of the processes spawned by a command. A top-level Git command may spawn numerous child Git commands and shell scripts. These shell scripts may also spawn numerous child Git commands. These child processes usually require a complex setup with environment variables and stdin/stdout plumbing. This makes it difficult to capture profile data on an isolated child Git process. Profiler dumps are typically very large, since they contain stack trace and symbol data. They are platform-specific and very version/build sensitive, so they don’t archive well. They are great for exploring performance with an interactive tool, like Visual Studio, but they are less so when comparing multiple runs or worse, runs from other users. It is often better to have simple logs of the commands and compare them like we did above. Dumps are usually based on process sampling and typically have function-level granularity. Trace2 messages can be generated at precise points in the code with whatever granularity is desired. This allows us to focus our attention on “interesting” parts of the code. It is difficult to extract per-thread details. Trace2 messages identify the calling thread and have thread-specific regions and timestamps. This helps us understand and fine-tune our multi-threading efforts. Profilers give us the time spent in a section of code, but they don’t let us gather run-time data as part of the output, such as the number of packfiles, the size of the index, or the number of changed files. Trace2 data messages let us include this information with the timing information. This helps us see when there are data-dependent performance problems, such as in the ahead/behind example. Profilers don’t allow us to do higher-level data aggregations, such as averaging times by region across multiple runs or across multiple users. Trace2 data can be post-processed for aggregation and further study. More on this in the next article. Trace2 is cross-platform so we can do the same analysis on all platforms and we can compare numbers between platforms. As you can see, Trace2 gives us the ability to collect exactly the performance data that we need, archive it efficiently, and analyze it in a variety of ways. Profilers can help us in our work, but they have their limitations. Example 2 – Git Push Let’s look at a more complex example by running git push . In a previous article and in a Git Merge 2019 presentation we described how we improved the performance of push with a new sparse push algorithm. In both we hinted that we used Trace2 to find and measure the problem and to confirm that we had actually improved it. Let’s dive in and see how Trace2 made this possible and let you verify our results. Create a Commit First, let’s make a change that we can push. Create and checkout a test branch. Modify a single file (preferably someplace deep in the worktree). And commit it. This would be a good time to look at the log file and see the trace output written by those commands, but I’ll leave that for you. You may want to delete the log file before starting the push, so that later it will only contain the push logging. This may make it easier to follow along. Push with the Original Algorithm Next, let’s push your test branch with the original algorithm. git -c pack.useSparse=false push origin test Push is a complex command and creates a cascade of at least 6 processes. Trace2 interleaves the output from each of the Git commands as it happens. The first column in each line is the Git process depth. Push Process Startup d0 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d0 | start | 0.012840 | | | 'C:\v\bin\git.exe' -c pack.useSparse=false push d0 | child_start | 0.041627 | | | [ch0] class:hook hook:pre-command argv: ... d0 | child_exit | 0.326167 | 0.284540 | | [ch0] pid:20752 code:0 d0 | cmd_name | | | | push (push) The top-level “d0:git push” starts up. It reports its canonical name is push and since it is a top-level command, its ancestry is just push . Push Spawns Remote-Https which Spawns Git-Remote-Https d0 | child_start | 0.326698 | | | [ch1] class:remote-https argv: git remote-https ... “d0:git push” spawns “d1:git remote-https”. d1 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d1 | start | 0.007434 | | | git remote-https origin https://my.server/os d1 | cmd_name | | | | _run_dashed_ (push/_run_dashed_) “d1:git remote-https” starts. It reports that its canonical name is _run_dashed_ and its ancestry is push/_run_dashed_ . The term _run_dashed_ is used to indicate that the command is going to hand off to a dashed form of the command. In this case, git remote-https is invoking git-remote-https rather than actually doing the work itself. d1 | child_start | 0.031055 | | | [ch0] argv: git-remote-https ... “d1:git remote-https” spawns “d2:git-remote-https”. d2 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d2 | start | 0.013885 | | | git-remote-https origin https://my.server/os d2 | cmd_name | | | | remote-curl (push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl) “d2:git-remote-https” reports its canonical name is remote-curl . The ancestry is a hierarchy of the open Git commands (including this one). Push is Working while Waiting d0 | data | 0.859083 | 0.859083 | midx | load/num_packs:2894 d0 | data | 0.859112 | 0.859112 | midx | load/num_objects:47641314 The first column indicates that these data messages are from “d0”. This means that the top-level “d0:git push” is doing something while it waits for “d1:git remote-https” to complete. This can happen if Git spawns a background child process and doesn’t immediately wait for it to complete. We’re going to ignore it. Getting My Credentials d2 | child_start | 0.639533 | | | [ch0] argv: 'git credential-manager get' “d2:git-remote-https” spawns “d3:git credential-manager” to get my cached credentials. d3 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d3 | start | 0.007614 | | | 'C:\...\git.exe' credential-manager get d3 | cmd_name | | | | _run_dashed_ (push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl/_run_dashed_) “d3:git credential-manager” also reports _run_dashed_ because it also going to defer to its dashed peer. d3 | child_start | 0.039516 | | | [ch0] argv: git-credential-manager get “d3:git credential-manager” spawns “git-credential-manager”, but this is a third-party application so we do not get any Trace2 data from it. d3 | child_exit | 0.495332 | 0.455816 | | [ch0] pid:24748 code:0 d3 | atexit | 0.495867 | | | code:0 The “d3:git credential-manager” process reported its “atexit” time as 0.495867 seconds. That is the “internal” duration of the command (within main() ). d2 | child_exit | 1.436891 | 0.797358 | | [ch0] pid:10412 code:0 The “d2:git-remote-https” process reported the “child_exit” time as 0.797358 seconds. That is the “external” duration of the child and includes the process creation and cleanup overhead, so it is a little longer than the child’s “atexit” time. “d2:git-remote-https” now has the credentials. Storing My Credentials d2 | child_start | 1.737848 | | | [ch1] argv: 'git credential-manager store' d3 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d3 | start | 0.007661 | | | 'C:\...\git.exe' credential-manager store d3 | cmd_name | | | | _run_dashed_ (push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl/_run_dashed_) d3 | child_start | 0.038594 | | | [ch0] argv: git-credential-manager store d3 | child_exit | 0.270066 | 0.231472 | | [ch0] pid:21440 code:0 d3 | atexit | 0.270569 | | | code:0 d2 | child_exit | 2.308430 | 0.570582 | | [ch1] pid:25732 code:0 “d2:git-remote-https” repeats the credential-manager sequence again to store/update the credentials. Running Send-Pack and Pack-Objects d2 | child_start | 2.315457 | | | [ch2] argv: git send-pack ... “d2:git-remote-https” spawns “d3:git send-pack”. d3 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d3 | start | 0.007556 | | | git send-pack --stateless-rpc ... d3 | cmd_name | | | | send-pack (push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl/send-pack) d3 | child_start | 0.050237 | | | [ch0] argv: git pack-objects ... “d3:git send-pack” spawns “d4:git pack-objects”. d4 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d4 | start | 0.007636 | | | git pack-objects --all-progress-implied ... d4 | cmd_name | | | | pack-objects (push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl/send-pack/pack-objects) “d4:git pack-objects” reports its canonical name is pack-objects and its ancestry is push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl/send-pack/pack-objects . d4 | region_enter | 0.039389 | | pack-objects | label:enumerate-objects d4 | region_leave | 14.420960 | 14.381571 | pack-objects | label:enumerate-objects “d4:git pack-objects” spent 14.381571 seconds enumerating objects. More on this in a minute. d4 | region_enter | 14.421012 | | pack-objects | label:prepare-pack d4 | region_leave | 14.431710 | 0.010698 | pack-objects | label:prepare-pack d4 | region_enter | 14.431754 | | pack-objects | label:write-pack-file d4 | data | 14.433644 | 0.001890 | pack-objects | ..write_pack_file/wrote:9 d4 | region_leave | 14.433679 | 0.001925 | pack-objects | label:write-pack-file d4 | atexit | 14.434176 | | | code:0 “d4:git pack-objects” wrote 9 objects in a packfile to stdout. d3 | child_exit | 14.924402 | 14.874165 | | [ch0] pid:24256 code:0 d3 | atexit | 15.610328 | | | code:0 Hidden in here somewhere, “d3:git send-pack” sent the packfile to the server. I’m not going to try to isolate the actual network time. Unwinding Everything d2 | child_exit | 18.167133 | 15.851676 | | [ch2] pid:19960 code:0 d2 | atexit | 18.176882 | | | code:0 d1 | child_exit | 18.419940 | 18.388885 | | [ch0] pid:13484 code:0 d1 | atexit | 18.420427 | | | code:0 d0 | child_exit | 18.988088 | 18.661390 | | [ch1] pid:16356 code:0 The child processes all exit and control returns to the top-level “d0:git push”. d0 | child_start | 18.988210 | | | [ch2] class:hook hook:post-command argv: ... d0 | child_exit | 19.186139 | 0.197929 | | [ch2] pid:2252 code:0 “d0:git push” runs the VFS for Git post-command hook. d0 | atexit | 19.186581 | | | code:0 And we’re done. The total push time was 19.186581 seconds. Clearly, enumerate-objects is the problem, since it consumes 14.4 of the 19.2 seconds. Push With the New Algorithm Now let’s try again with the new algorithm. Make another change to that same file, commit and push. git -c pack.useSparse=true push origin test For space reasons I’m only going to show the important differences for this push. d4 | version | | | | 2.22.0.vfs.1.1 d4 | start | 0.007520 | | | git pack-objects --all-progress-implied ... d4 | cmd_name | | | | pack-objects (push/_run_dashed_/remote-curl/send-pack/pack-objects) d4 | region_enter | 0.039500 | | pack-objects | label:enumerate-objects d4 | region_leave | 0.590796 | 0.551296 | pack-objects | label:enumerate-objects With the new algorithm enumerate-objects took 0.551296 seconds. d4 | region_enter | 0.590900 | | pack-objects | label:prepare-pack d4 | region_leave | 0.601070 | 0.010170 | pack-objects | label:prepare-pack d4 | region_enter | 0.601118 | | pack-objects | label:write-pack-file d4 | data | 0.602861 | 0.001743 | pack-objects | ..write_pack_file/wrote:9 d4 | region_leave | 0.602896 | 0.001778 | pack-objects | label:write-pack-file d4 | atexit | 0.603413 | | | code:0 Like before “d4:git pack-objects” wrote 9 objects in a packfile to stdout. d0 | atexit | 4.933607 | | | code:0 And the entire push only took 4.933607 seconds. That’s much better! Using Trace2 for Iterative Development Trace2 defines the basic performance tracing framework. And allows us to see where time is being spent and gives us a feeling of the overall time flow in a command. It does this by tracking process times, child process relationships, thread usage, and regions of interest. Trace2 lets us explore and experiment during our iterative development loop. For example, we can trivially add new regions and data messages to help further our understanding of Git’s internal workings. And we can use Trace2 in conjunction with traditional profilers to help focus our investigations. The git push example shows how we were able to track down and measure the performance problem using just the process and child process messages. We initially guessed it would be a network or a packfile compression problem. We weren’t even looking at enumerate-objects. But after running some experiments and measuring the activity in each process, we found a complex set of parent/child relationships and that the problem is actually in “d4:git pack-objects” — four nested processes removed from the “d0:git push” command we launched. With that information in hand, we were then able to dig deeper and use custom Trace2 regions and the profiler on pack-objects to help us understand what was happening and why. We then deployed an experimental build including the custom Trace2 regions to some of our Windows developers to confirm they were experiencing the same bottleneck that we found. Consequently, we were able to design a more efficient algorithm and then use Trace2 to confirm that we actually fixed the problem. We then deployed another experimental build to some of our Windows developers to confirm that it fixed their problem too. Another example where we used Trace2 to measure performance is the commit-graph feature. In a previous post we described generation numbers as a tool to speed up commit walks. After the algorithms were implemented in Git, some repositories had data shapes that actually led to worse performance! After digging into these examples, multiple alternatives were presented to replace generation numbers. While we could use timing data to compare runs, that data is very noisy. Instead, we used Trace2 to report the exact number of commits walked by each algorithm for each option. These numbers were predictable and related directly to the algorithm’s runtime. These are but a few examples of how we have used Trace2 and the “performance format target” in our iterative development process to address performance problems as we scale Git. Final Remarks The Trace2 performance target is a great tool for the types of analysis that I’ve described in this article. But it does have a limitation. We have to already know what needs to be studied (e.g. “Why is push slow?”). To best help our enterprise Windows and Office developers we need to understand their pain-points: the commands that they find slow; the conditions underwhich those commands are especially slow; and what overall effect this is having on their total productivity. Then with those measurements in hand, we can prioritize our engineering efforts to improve Git for maximum benefit. For that we need to collect and aggregate some telemetry data on Git usage. In my next article I’ll talk about using the Trace2 “event format target” to generate a custom telemetry stream for Git. I’ll talk about the usual telemetry metrics, like average and weighted-average command durations. And I’ll talk about custom metrics, like averages for the regions and data fields we identified earlier. This will give us the data to prioritize our engineering efforts and to verify at-scale the optimizations we make. 0 0 0 Share on Facebook Share on X Share on Linkedin Copy Link --> Category Git & Version Control Open Source Share Author Jeff Hostetler Principal Software Engineer Jeff is a Principal Software Engineer. He is currently working with the Git community to improve Git performance on very large repositories. 0 comments Discussion is closed. Code of Conduct Read next August 6, 2019 Get insights into your team’s health with Azure Boards Reports Romi Koifman August 9, 2019 Top Stories from the Microsoft DevOps Community – 2019.08.09 Sasha Rosenbaum Stay informed Get notified when new posts are published. Email * Country/Region * Select... 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-554-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 554 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 554 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 554 signals a permanent email rejection (5xx) due to problems with the sender's credentials, content, or policy violations (phpmailer, jenkins). This often indicates definitive refusal based on server policies. What triggers SMTP Error 554? Common scenarios behind SMTP Error 554: Policy Violations: The email content violates recipient server policies, containing spam, malware, or prohibited file types. Blacklisting: The sender's domain or IP is blacklisted, triggering rejection. Poor Sender Reputation: Previous violations or spammy behavior lead to a negative sender reputation, causing rejections. Invalid Recipient Address: The recipient's email address ("RCPT TO" or "To:") is incorrect or doesn't correspond to a valid mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). What’s Causing This SMTP Error 554 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 554: Review Content: Ensure message content complies with recipient server policies. Remove or modify anything flagged as spam or malicious. Check Blacklists: If blacklisted, delist your domain or IP and work on improving email reputation. Improve Reputation: Adhere to email best practices and avoid spammy behavior to rebuild sender reputation. Verify Recipient Address: Double-check that the recipient's email address is accurate and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). How to Resolve SMTP Error 554 - Step-by-Step Solution Revise Content: Address potential policy violations in the email message to comply with the recipient server's policies. Delist from Blacklists (if applicable): Take steps to remove your domain or IP from blacklists. Enhance Sender Reputation: Implement practices that improve your sender reputation, like authentication and avoiding spam. Confirm Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is accurate and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). SMTP Error 554 Examples "554 5.7.1 Content blocked due to policy violations. Email flagged as spam." "554 5.1.0 Sender's domain blacklisted for abusive behavior. Contact administrator for removal." "554 5.5.2 Invalid recipient address recipient@example.com. Check recipient details." "554 5.2.3 Sender's email address has a poor reputation. Correct sender behavior." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 553 SMTP Error 556 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-from-remote-mail-server-after-end-of-data---causes-and-solution | SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data - Causes and Solution Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS This error message indicates that your email was rejected by the recipient's server after transmission (phpmailer, jenkins). This often signifies spam filtering or Sender Policy Framework (SPF) configuration issues . What Triggers This Error? Two primary reasons can cause this error: Recipient's Spam Filter: The recipient's email server's spam filter might flag your message as spam due to content, sender reputation, or other factors. SPF Record Misconfiguration: The sender's domain's SPF record might be configured incorrectly , causing the recipient's server to reject the email due to unauthorized sending. Resolving "SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data" Here's how to address this error: Contact Recipient: The sender can reach out to the recipient to inquire if their email address is configured to accept emails from the sender's domain and check their spam filters for any blocked entries. Review Email Content: Analyze the email content for potential spam triggers like excessive attachments, promotional language, or misleading information. Revise the content if necessary. Verify SPF Record: Ensure the sender's domain's SPF record is configured correctly to authorize the email server used for sending. Adhere to Email Best Practices: Always follow email best practices to maintain a good sender reputation and avoid sending content that might be flagged as spam. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 SMTP Error 556 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://ruul.io/blog/becoming-a-freelancer-in-spain | Freelancing in Spain: Your Guide to Jobs and Success Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up grow How to Get a Job in Spain? Becoming a Freelancer in Spain This is your guide if you want to venture into the Spanish freelancer job market. It’s all here — the overview, the steps, the requirements, the tax information, and the tips! Eran Karaso 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Who wouldn’t want to secure freelance work in Spain ? Imagine working on a website on the shores of Lumebó Cove, Galicia. Or scheduling meetings for your American client in a charming restaurant while sipping coffee. This could be your story because the Spanish startup scene is quite lucrative. It has many new projects in multiple sectors, welcoming talented freelancers like you. You can become your own boss in paradise! Enjoying the unmatched independence freelancing has to offer. But wait. Before you get too excited, please learn all the facts about how to get a job in Spain . In this piece, we’ll highlight the Spanish market and finish with a few tips to help. Ready to kickstart your potential freelance work in Spain? Keep reading. Overview of the Spanish Job Market The Spanish job market is always welcoming work in Spain for foreigners. Currently, you will find freelancing expats in multiple sectors. The first familiar freelancers are in the tourism industry. These professionals offer foreigners and locals hospitality, tour guiding, and event planning services. The second group of freelancers are techies. These include web developers, data analysts, scientists, and computer scientists. Techies are in high demand because the Spanish tech market is rising. In 2022, there were approximately 11,000 tech startups in the region. Today, that number is higher because of the recent advancements in AI technology and the attraction of more investors. Third on the list of the most valued freelancers are online English tutors. Despite the huge Spanish population, only 22% speak English . Since most systems are being developed in English, tutors are in high demand. Other freelancer groups in the Spanish job market include business consultants and marketing gurus. Content creators, writers, and designers are also needed in the region. All freelancers can work from home jobs in Spain; however, there is a condition. To work remotely in Spain, you must do it legally. You need to secure the Digital Nomad Visa , which was in effect in early 2023. This visa caters to freelancers, entrepreneurs, and employees working remotely using digital technologies. The following sections describe securing permanent or contractual jobs in Spain. Steps to Finding a Job in Spain Before you harness the many benefits of working remotely from Spain, there are steps to follow. These help you set up shop so everything is aligned when you get employed. Imagine securing a life-changing opportunity without proper invoicing channels like Ruul’s ! That would set you back a few steps, and you might even lose that job. So, to mitigate any of that, follow these steps: Research All Spanish Job Hotspots: Spain’s main job hubs are Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, and Bilbao. Where would you love to live and work? Research to fully grasp and immerse yourself in the work culture in these regions in Spain. Read articles and blog posts, watch videos, and interact in online communities to uncover what each city offers. This thorough research pinpoints precisely how to work in Spain. It teaches you the people’s cultural beliefs, norms, and taboos. It also welcomes you into the Spaniard culinary, social, and economic lifestyle. While you are at it, remember to consider the cost of living in Spain . This information will help you budget in the future. Job Preparation: To prepare for work in Spain , revise your resume and tailor the template for your cover letters. Make a list of all the top job search platforms, including websites and recruiting agencies, that could help. Run mock interviews because interviews are still a huge part of job applications. Seek common interview questions and practice giving the best answers. Register: To work in Spain as a freelancer, you must register as an autónomo . The Spanish government recognizes six types of autónomo. They are Autónomo Profesional is a self-employed professional like a freelance doctor, engineer, translator, or designer. Trabajador Autónomo is a self-employed worker like a freelancer who is their own boss but can hire others. Autónomo Societario is a corporate self-employed professional who runs their own LTD company. Autónomo Colaborador is a self-employed collaborator who is also a freelancer who works for a direct family member or their spouse. Trabajador Autónomo Económicamente Dependientes is a Dependent self-employed worker or TRADE. This is a professional whose 75% income comes from one employer. Autónomo Agrarios is a self-employed agricultural worker. This application grants you the permits and licenses to distribute your services in Spain legally. Open a Bank Account: To fully immerse yourself in the work culture in Spain , you’ll need a bank account. However, this step happens after you have acquired the country’s foreigner identification number. Please consider banks that are expat-friendly and have intuitive mobile applications. They should also at least support multiple languages and currencies. Examples of these are the N26, Revolut, and Sabadell. You can also set up international payment channels like Ruul and Paypal. Legal Requirements for Working in Spain You must be over 18 to work in Spain . If you are younger than 18, say 16, you can work under your parents or legal guardians. The second legal requirement is to have a work permit, the autónomo. The visa requirements for working in Spain include Valid passport Proof of funds Merit certificates Medical certificate Health insurance Business plan You commence this process through your home country’s Spanish Embassy to get approval. The Spanish government will assign you an NIE (foreigner identification number). This number tracks your financial and legal activities in the country. You will also need to apply for social security. If your stay is less than six months, apply for the residence card. You apply for the Foreign Identity Card if your stay exceeds six months. You will also need a license called the Licencia de Apertura if operating on public property. This process will take three to six months and cost approximately 80 Euros. The charge might vary depending on your location, so please check. How to Become a Freelancer in Spain? After legal requirements, this section highlights what successful English-speaking work in Spain entails. Remember the research details you gathered? Here is where they come in handy. This research helps you gain traction on: Networking : Finding freelance jobs in Spain starts with networking. Connect with other Spanish professionals in your niche. Study potential clients’ needs by reading and interacting in local co-working spaces, online forums, and communities. Attend workshops and take courses to fine-tune your knowledge, tailoring it to the Spanish market. Learning the Language: If you haven’t done so, do it! Take online classes or even hire a Spanish freelancer to help you. Boost your vocabulary beyond Ola and include a few words specific to your offering. Sharpening Your Freelancing Skills : The Spanish market is highly competitive. Considering you are independent, you always need to elevate your skills. Take classes, attend workshops, and volunteer to stay ahead of the curve. Navigating Spanish Taxes and Regulations Once you secure your visa to work in Spain , tax compliance precedes. Tax compliance in Spain is essential because it shows you are law-abiding. It also assists Social Security in offering healthcare and other governmental services. Below are some of the taxes and the regulations to adhere to: Income Tax : If you’ve lived and worked in Spain for over 183 days, you pay income tax. The percentage rate varies but ranges between 19% and 47%. VAT : The current Spanish VAT is 21%. You pay this once every quarter. You include this percentage on all your business-related invoices. Social Security : The Social Security fee is a fixed 293 Euro fee. You pay this amount each month without fail, giving you access to the country’s services. Tax Deductions : Work in Spain for foreigners also comes with some deductions. The government might reduce your taxes on supplies, utilities, and vehicles. You can get up to a 30% deduction on all expenses you pay on the phone or the Internet. You can also make a few deduction claims, but please confirm them with a Spanish Tax expert. Tips for Success in the Spanish Job Market Meeting all the visa regulations for digital nomads might land you your dream job. But to keep it, you’ll have to do more. The following are some tips that will help you flourish in the freelance Spanish job market: Master the language to ensure clear communication in all your interactions. Build your work portfolio with solid qualifications and an exceptional track record. Be patient and persistent in navigating the entire job-seeking process. Network like your life depends on it. Because it does. Working in Spain is highly competitive for freelancers, so always share your contact information for later collaboration. Ready for a New Freelance Job in Spain? Whether you are a photographer or copywriter, Spain offers a lucrative business opportunity, beautiful cities, and countryside to settle in. It also has willing clients. Thankfully, you now know about the visa regulations for digital nomads . You understand how to start the process and how to survive once you get there. It might not be easy, but if you push through, everything will align. We bet the idea of creating on the shores of Lumebó Cove, Galicia, doesn’t seem so far-fetched now, right? ABOUT THE AUTHOR Eran Karaso Eran Karaso is a marketing and brand strategy leader with more than a decade of experience helping global tech companies connect with their audiences. He’s built brand narratives that stick, led successful go-to-market strategies, and worked hand-in-hand with cross-functional teams to ensure everyone is on the same page. More Top 15 Digital Nomad Jobs in 2025 Explore the 15 best digital nomad jobs in 2025, from writing to coding—fully remote, high-paying, and travel-friendly. Read more Ultimate Guide to Freelancing in Greece Thinking of freelancing in Greece? Explore key tools and methods to help you thrive in this growing market. Read more The 5 Best Cities for Digital Nomads in Spain Discover the 5 best cities in Spain for digital nomads, offering vibrant cultures, affordable living, and modern coworking spaces. Explore Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia, Malaga, and Seville for the ultimate work-life balance. Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. 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https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-540-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 540 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 540 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 540 signals your email was rejected due to problems with the sender's email address or domain . This permanent error (5xx) indicates the recipient server can't deliver the message because of sender information issues. This can occur in applications like phpmailer and jenkins when sending emails. What are the cases covered in SMTP Error 540? Common scenarios triggering SMTP Error 540: Nonexistent Sender: The provided "MAIL FROM" address or "From:" field in the email doesn't correspond to a valid sender account or is formatted incorrectly (phpmailer, jenkins). Invalid Sender Domain: The sender's email domain (e.g., example.com) is non-existent, expired, or has DNS (Domain Name System) problems. Unauthorized Sender: The recipient server requires specific authorization or credentials for emails from a particular domain or sender, and these are missing or invalid. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 540 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 540: Incorrect Sender Address: Double-check that the sender's email address is formatted accurately, spelled correctly, and belongs to a valid, authorized sender account (phpmailer, jenkins). Domain Issues: Verify that the sender's email domain is functioning properly, has no DNS issues, and isn't temporarily or permanently unavailable for sending emails. Contact Domain Administrators: If the sender's domain is experiencing problems, intervention from the administrators might be necessary to resolve technical issues or adjust email sending policies. How to Resolve SMTP Error 540 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Sender Address: Ensure the sender's email address is formatted correctly, spelled accurately, and corresponds to a valid, authorized sender account (phpmailer, jenkins). Check Sender Domain: Confirm that the sender's email domain is functioning properly, has no DNS issues, and isn't temporarily or permanently unavailable for sending emails. Contact Domain Administrators: If the sender's domain is experiencing issues, it may require intervention from the administrators to resolve technical problems or adjust their email sending policies. SMTP Error 540 Examples "540 5.1.1 sender@example.com: Sender address does not exist or is invalid." "540 5.4.5 sender@example.com: Sender's domain name not found. Check sender domain." "540 5.7.0 sender@example.com: Unauthorized sender. Email blocked due to policy reasons." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-458-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 458 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 458 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP Error 458 is a permanent or "5xx" error code returned by a mail server, indicating the detection of specific policy violations or other reasons leading to the rejection of an incoming email message. This error signifies a definitive refusal to accept the email due to policy violations or other issues. SMTP Error 458 Examples "458 5.7.1 Content blocked due to policy violations. Email flagged as spam." "458 5.1.0 Sender's domain blacklisted for abusive behavior. Contact administrator for removal." "458 5.5.2 Recipient address recipient@example.com restricted. Contact recipient administrator for resolution." What's Causing This Error? SMTP Error 458 can result from various reasons, including: Content policy violations: The email message contains content that violates the recipient server's policies, such as spam, malware, or prohibited file types. Sender reputation issues: The sender's email address or domain has a poor reputation, possibly due to previous policy violations or spammy behavior. Recipient restrictions: The recipient's email address or domain may be restricted by the recipient server, preventing the acceptance of emails from certain senders. How to fix SMTP Error 458? To address SMTP Error 458, follow these steps: Review email content: Ensure that the email message content complies with the recipient server's policies. Remove or modify any content that may be flagged as spam or malicious. Improve sender reputation: Address any issues related to the sender's reputation by adhering to email best practices and policies. Avoid sending spam or engaging in spammy behavior. Verify recipient address: Ensure that the recipient's email address is spelled correctly, is complete, and corresponds to a valid email account or mailbox. Contact recipient administrator: If you believe that the recipient's email address or domain is restricted, you may need to contact the recipient's email administrator or support team to inquire about the restrictions and request resolution. Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. SuprStack Inc. By clicking “Accept All Cookies” , you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. View our Privacy Policy for more information. Preferences Deny Accept Privacy Preference Center When you visit websites, they may store or retrieve data in your browser. This storage is often necessary for the basic functionality of the website. The storage may be used for marketing, analytics, and personalization of the site, such as storing your preferences. Privacy is important to us, so you have the option of disabling certain types of storage that may not be necessary for the basic functioning of the website. Blocking categories may impact your experience on the website. Reject all cookies Allow all cookies Manage Consent Preferences by Category Essential Always Active These items are required to enable basic website functionality. Marketing Essential These items are used to deliver advertising that is more relevant to you and your interests. They may also be used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement and measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Advertising networks usually place them with the website operator’s permission. Personalization Essential These items allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language, or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. For example, a website may provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing data about your current location. Analytics Essential These items help the website operator understand how its website performs, how visitors interact with the site, and whether there may be technical issues. This storage type usually doesn’t collect information that identifies a visitor. Confirm my preferences and close | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://ruul.io/blog/5-reasons-why-freelancers-should-draw-agreements-with-clients#$%7Bid%7D | 5 reasons why freelancers should draw agreements with clients - Ruul Product Payment Requests Get paid anywhere. Sell Services Make your services buyable Sell Products Create once sell forever Subscriptions Get paid on repeat Ruul Space Your personel storefront. One link for everything you offer. Learn more Pricing Resources Partner Programs Referral Program Get 1% for life. Seriously. Affiliate Program Bring users, get paid Partners Let’s grow together. More Blog About us Support Brand Kit For Customers Log in Sign up For Businesses Login Sign up get paid 5 reasons why freelancers should draw agreements with clients As a freelancer, protecting your rights is essential. Secure your freelance business with an effective freelancer agreement. Learn how with our guide! Arno Yeramyan 5 min read RUUL FOR INDEPENDENCE You chose independence.We make sure you keep it. Sell your time, your talent, whatever you create or build always on your terms. Get started See Example This is also a heading This is a heading Key Points Freelancers who are new to the art and craft of freelancing may easily get carried away by all the new clients and contracts that they get. However, it is crucial to pay attention to the rights and responsibilities of both parties (the client and the freelancer) in order to avoid any future disagreements and confusion. A freelancer agreement not only protects solo professionals but the clients as well. Small disputes between clients and freelancers are fairly common, it’s something to expect when you set out to be an independent solo worker. In this article, we are giving you useful tips for why and how freelancers should draw an agreement. We can say that the building blocks of an efficient and well functioning freelance agreement are: Clearly set and communicated expectations regarding the nature of the project Clarification of the payment terms Protection of intellectual property and copyrights Non-disclosure agreements if necessary Set expectations in stone The first thing to do is understand the expectations of both parties . This way, freelancers can communicate how much of the expectations they can meet, and vice versa. Certain aspects of a project on which expectations should be set and communicated are: Job details Scope of work Revisions Communication rules and channels Payment terms Termination An elaborate scheme of the given project, what it entails, the number and the nature of the revisions, rules of communication and the possible mediums as well as the conditions under which the agreement can be terminated should be adequately given place in your freelancer agreement. Other possible points that would definitely be a plus to consider are: What happens when one party fails to meet their end of the agreement? What are the regulations of late payments? When you’re faced with a disagreement a bit harder to overcome personally, seeking legal advice in case of disputes might be a good idea. Secure your payment Perhaps one of the most important things to secure via a freelance agreement is your payment. While all payment terms are vital to clarify in an agreement, the form of the payment and the issue of delayed payments are the issues that should be clarified in the best possible way. You should also keep in mind that the efficiency and the sustainability of your freelance business is tightly related to the quality of the invoicing that you can provide for your clients. From invoicing to freelance hourly calculator and legal services, we at Ruul continue to constantly add to our features in order to make finance management hassle-free for solo workers. Protect your IP and copyrights Before talking about how freelancers can protect their intellectual property, we need to clarify what IP is and what it means for freelancers. Although you may have a general idea about what intellectual property means, it is always better to have a legal definition of it in order to avoid future mistakes. What is an IP agreement? An IP includes all the written as well as audiovisual material that is created by the contracted freelancer. The right to intellectual property (shortly referred to as IP) is the right to reproduce, sell, distribute, publish and reprint a given work. While the IP rights can be only owned by the creator, the rights to the IP can also be given to the people and organizations indicated in a work agreement.The core of any IP agreement consists of who gets to own the material produced as a result of the project and under what conditions and the material be reproduced, copied or distributed. While every IP agreement is different in nature, the thing that freelancers need to keep in mind is that it is quite important to have an IP agreement set between the freelancer and the client. Ensure security and confidentiality Earlier we talked about the importance of securing your payments as a freelancer and your intellectual property rights. We can also underline that security and confidentiality between you and your client is equally important to the success of a project and of your freelance operations in general. There will be times when the project that you work on will contain sensitive information either about your business operations or of your client’s. While the essence of this information and the level of sensitivity varies from project to project and from business to business, certain chunks of content such as business intelligence, customer lists and financial data is always considered classified information. Other types of confidential information include data on marketing and marketing strategies, future business plans and models and data about supply sources and chains . As a freelancer, it is of utmost importance that you protect this information in order to prevent your professional activities from third-parties. What is an NDA? An NDA is a legal document protecting the confidentiality and the secrecy of certain elements of your work. NDAs can also be named as proprietary information agreements, secrecy agreements or as it is sometimes referred to, a confidentiality agreement.Keep in mind that NDA agreements are legally binding for both parties. They are usually signed before beginning a project. A non-disclosure agreement should clearly state what kind of data and information can not be public and what the possible outcomes of violating an NDA can be. Strengthen your professional brand Freelancers, especially novice ones, need to find methods and strategies to draw clients and keep them to develop their business. Creating a brand that is professional enough to attract new clients is not an easy task but it is certainly an achievable one. Strengthening your professional brand is all about good and successful marketing combined with an appealing persona . Drawing detailed, customized, branded agreements, too, should also not be missed out as an extension of diligent image building. Strengthening your professional brand is best achieved by portraying your freelance business and the services that you offer in the most accurate and classy way possible. Trust us, your clients will see your brand in a much more positive way if you customize your agreements according to your brand. Best tips on managing finances for novice freelancers It is not always easy to start building yourself a career as a freelancer new to the trade. While a prosperous and long lasting freelancing career depends on many moving parts, one of the indispensable ingredients of it is securing your projects by freelancing agreements. Now that you've learned the importance of having one, register with Ruul for free and use our customizable templates to create your own professional, legally compliant service agreements! ABOUT THE AUTHOR Arno Yeramyan Arno Yeramyan is a talented writer and financial expert who educates readers on various financial topics such as personal finance, investing, and retirement planning. He offers valuable insights to help readers make sound financial decisions for their future. More Merchant of Record vs Invoicing Tools Understand the difference between Merchant of Record (MoR) services and invoicing tools. Learn how each handles payments, taxes, and compliance—and which is best for your business or freelance setup. Read more Freelance Writer Rates in 2025: What Writers Really Charge Worldwide What's a single word cost? Writer rates are enviable in 2025. Learn about hourly, per-word and project-based rates right here. Read more Upwork vs. Fiverr: Which is Better for Freelancers? When choosing between Fiverr and Upwork, compare their features and discover their advantages. Browse now to find the best option for your freelancer goals! Read more MORE THAN 120,000 Independents Over 120,000 independents trust Ruul to sell their services, digital products, and securely manage their payments. FROM 190 Countries Truly global coverage: trusted across 190 countries with seamless payouts available in 140 currencies. PROCESSED $200m+ of Transactions Over $200M successfully processed, backed by an 8-year legacy of secure, reliable transactions trusted by independents worldwide. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Everything you need to know. Get clear, straightforward answers to the most common questions about using Ruul. hey@ruul.io What is Ruul? Ruul is a merchant-of-record platform helping freelancers and creators globally sell services, digital products, subscriptions, and easily get paid. Who is Ruul for? Ruul is designed for freelancers, creators, and independent professionals who want a simple way to sell online and get paid globally. How does Ruul work? Open an account, complete a quick verification (KYC), and link your payout account. Then, start selling through your store or send payment requests to customers instantly. How does pricing work? Signing up is free. There are no subscription or hidden fees. Ruul charges a small commission only when you sell or get paid through the platform. What is a Merchant of Record? A merchant of record is the legal seller responsible for processing payments, handling taxes, and managing compliance for each transaction. What can I sell on Ruul? You can sell services, digital products, license keys, online courses, subscriptions, and digital memberships. How do I get paid on Ruul? Add your preferred bank account, digital wallet, or receive payouts in stablecoins as crypto. Funds arrive within 24 hours after a payout is triggered. OPEN AN ACCOUNT START MAKING MONEY TODAY ruul.space/ Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form. Trustpilot Product Payment Requests Sell Services Sell Products Subscriptions Ruul Space Pricing For Businesses Resources Blog About Contact Support Referral Program Affiliate Program Partner Program Tools Invoice Generator NDA Generator Service Agreement Generator Freelancer Hourly Rate Calculator All Rights Reserved © 2025 Terms Of Use Privacy Policy | 2026-01-13T08:48:22 |
https://www.suprsend.com/smtp-error-solution/smtp-error-555-solution-causes-and-error-message-syntax-in-your-email-server | SMTP Error 555 Solution, Causes and Error Message Syntax in Your Email Server Product FEATURES Template Engine Powerful template editors for all channels App Inbox Fully customizable inbox for your app & website Analytics Deep data insights on notification performance Logs Real-time notifications logs for all channels Smart Routing Reach users where they are Branding Seamlessly manage multi-brand customization Workflows Craft complex notification workflows Bifrost Run notifications natively on data warehouse Preferences Develop user focused notifications Integrations Integrate any channel and provider within mins Solutions BY USECASES Transactional Real-time alerts like authentication, activity updates Batching & Digest Aggregate multiple alerts into one Collaboration & Action Alerts on cross-user activity Scheduled Notifications One-time or recurring alerts like reminders Multi-tenant Alerts tailored to your customer's preferences Announcement / Newsletters Feature releases, achievements, product & policy updates Pricing Docs Customers Blog Login Get Started For Free Login Sign up SMTP Error 555 What causes this error and solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS SMTP error 555 signifies your email was permanently rejected (5xx) due to problems with the recipient's email address or domain (phpmailer, jenkins). This indicates the message couldn't be delivered because of recipient information issues. What triggers SMTP Error 555? Common scenarios behind SMTP Error 555: Nonexistent Recipient: The recipient's email address ("RCPT TO" or "To:") is invalid and doesn't correspond to a real account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Invalid Recipient Domain: The recipient's email domain (e.g., example.com) is non-existent, expired, or has DNS (Domain Name System) issues. Unauthorized Recipient: The recipient's domain or address cannot receive your email, or it's blocked by their server for policy reasons. Content Filtering: The email content might contain prohibited elements like spam, malware, or violations of the recipient server's policies. What’s Causing This SMTP Error 555 In Your Servers? Potential causes of SMTP Error 555: Incorrect Recipient Address: Double-check that the recipient's email address is accurate, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Recipient Domain Issues: Verify that the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't expired. Contact Recipient Administrators: If the recipient's domain has issues, their administrators might need to intervene to resolve technical problems or adjust email acceptance policies. Review Email Content: Analyze the email for potential policy violations like spammy content, excessive attachments, or malicious links. How to Resolve SMTP Error 555 - Step-by-Step Solution Verify Recipient Address: Ensure the recipient's email address is accurate, complete, and belongs to a valid account or mailbox (phpmailer, jenkins). Check Recipient Domain: Confirm that the recipient's email domain is functioning correctly, has no DNS issues, and isn't expired. Revise Email Content: Address any potential policy violations in the email message, such as removing spammy content or harmful attachments, to comply with the recipient server's policies. Contact Recipient Administrators (if applicable): If the issue lies with the recipient's domain, contact their administrators for assistance. SMTP Error 555 Examples "555 5.1.1 recipient@example.com: Recipient address does not exist." "555 5.4.5 recipient@example.com: Domain name not found. Check recipient domain." "555 5.7.0 recipient@example.com: Unauthorized recipient. Email blocked due to policy reasons." "555 5.1.2 Content filtering detected prohibited content in the email message. Delivery denied." Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free Share this blog on: Written by: Sanjeev Kumar Engineering, SuprSend Get a powerful notification engine with SuprSend Build smart notifications across channels in minutes with a single API and frontend components Get started for free Say Goodbye to all SMTP Errors in Development SuprSend eliminates the need to build and configure email servers from scratch, ensuring you steer clear of SMTP errors. Here's how SuprSend would work for your application, building a reliable notification system. Get Started For Free More to explore Error: SMTP is not working on the server Error: Suddenlink SMTP Server Not Working Error - SMTP not working in python Error: SMTP mail not Working Error: SMTP Error Could not authenticate SMTP Connect Error 10060 SMTP Error from Remote Mail Server After End of Data SMTP Error: Data Not Accepted SMTP Error 554 SMTP Error 553 Implement a powerful stack for your notifications Get Started For Free Book Demo Company About us Signup Login Integrations Pricing Security Privacy Terms Contact Us Support SuprSend for Startups API Status Sign Up Channels Email SMS Notification Inbox Android Push iOS Push Web Push Xiaomi Push Whatsapp SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Java SDK Android SDK React Native SDK iOS SDK Flutter SDK Go SDK Resources Documentation Changelog Blogs Write for us SMTP Error Codes SMS Providers Comparisons Email Providers Comparisons SMS Providers Alternatives Join us on Slack We are building a community of developers and product builders from across the globe to make notifications a pleasant experience. © 2025 All rights reserved. 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