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11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 5.3.7.4 Limits | |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 5.3.7.4.1 Test sequence | The interrogator shall detect the test sequence from the signal source as defined in figure 24. Test Sequence repeated every 90ms) Figure 24: UL ER-GSM test pattern |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 5.3.7.4.2 Threshold levels | The minimum permitted levels for the threshold of the receiver in the interrogator when set to the "detect" mode are defined in table 5. Table 5: Levels of receiver threshold (e.r.p.) ER-GSM Offset Threshold High Power Transmission (0,5 W to 4 W) 100 kHz -80 dBm 300 kHz -34 dBm Low Power Transmission (0 W to 0,5 W) 100... |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 5.3.7.4.3 Transmission times for class C1 interrogators | This transmission timing applies to the two upper high power channels for Class C1 interrogators only. For Class C2 no transmission time limits apply in the upper two channels. The manufacturer shall declare that the measured length of transmission is no greater than is required to read the tags present in the field an... |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 5.3.7.4.4 Uplink detection time | Table 6: Uplink detection time Interrogator Class Uplink detection time Slow Uplink Detection (Class C1) 4 s Fast Uplink Detection (Class C2) 50 ms |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 6 Field evaluation test | |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 6.1 Introduction | During the initial investigation on interference at the start of the project, some missing data and simulation models were identified. The main issue was the modelling of the interference potential from a RFID interrogator towards an ER-GSM terminal and the potential signal levels received by an RFID interrogator from ... |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 6.2 Initial field test | Step 1 will be performed at a location close to an RFID manufacturer. This will use a portal system equipped with a RFID interrogator, which will form a reference. The portal will be positioned in a realistic industrial environment and thus the results for path loss and interference should also be valid for ER-GSM. A t... |
11bf78ec4e8452059a950fdeeb6215cc | 102 903 | 6.3 Field test at a shunting area/distribution centre | Based on the results of field measurements carried out at a RFID manufacturer, further tests will be performed at a railway distribution centre or a DB shunting area These measurements will use the set up values derived from the tests in the first step as an initial reference point. This approach should significantly r... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 1 Scope | The present document provides the technical specifications for mitigation techniques and procedures for the coexistence of ER-GSM 900 terminals and RFID systems in the frequency range of 918 MHz to 921 MHz. |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 2 References | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which ar... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 2.1 Normative references | The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. [1] ETSI EN 302 208 (all parts) (V1.4.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radio Frequency Identification Equipment operating in the band 865 MHz to 868 MHz with power levels up to 2 W". |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 2.2 Informative references | The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. [i.1] TEDDI database. NOTE: See http://webapp.etsi.org/Teddi/. [i.2] ISO/IEC 18000-6: "Information technology - Radio frequency identification for item mana... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: NOTE: Further/other definitions can be found in Terms and Definitions Interactive Database (TEDDI) [i.1]. Cognitive Radio System (CRS): Radio system (optionally including multiple entities and network elements), which has the following... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 3.2 Symbols | For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: α Pathloss Exponent in the Friis Equation dB decibel d distance f frequency measured under normal test conditions fc centre frequency of carrier transmitted by interrogator λ wavelength |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 3.3 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AM Amplitude ARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number ASCI Advanced Speech Call Items BCCH Broadcast Control Channel BCH Broadcast Channel BSC Base Station Controller BTS Base Transceiver Station CA cell allocation CBCH Call Broadcast CHa... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4 UHF RFID deployment scenario | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.1 Introduction | RFID systems are used in item management, logistics and in a wide range of other applications. Many of these applications require reading ranges of at least 2 meters, and in certain logistics applications extended ranges from 5 meters to 10 meters. These extended ranges cannot be achieved by alternative technologies an... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.2 Frequency plan | It is proposed to designate spectrum for UHF RFID high performance interrogators as shown in table 1 within the frequency range from 915 MHz to 921 MHz. This proposal is in accordance with the recommendations of the EC (including RSCOM) [i.9] and of CEPT [i.8], as proposed in TR 102 649-2 [i.3] and the Kolberg Measurem... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3 Basic operational principal of RFID technology | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.1 Introduction | A basic RFID system comprises an interrogator with its associated antennas and a collection of tags. The antennas are arranged to transmit their signal within an interrogation zone. Tags are attached to either animate or inanimate objects that are to be identified. When a tag enters an interrogation zone, it is activat... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2 Characteristics of RFID at UHF | UHF transmission takes place by means of electromagnetic (EM) waves. At these frequencies EM waves have properties that have many similarities to light. Transmissions travel in a straight line and the power of the received signal is a function of the inverse square of the distance from its source. For example if the di... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2.1 Antennas | At UHF the shape of the interrogation field generated by the EM antennas of an interrogator will typically be in the form of a cone. The angle subtended between the half power (or 3 dB) points of this cone is known as the beamwidth. Often beamwidth is specified in both horizontal and vertical values, which need not nec... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2.2 Data Rates | The maximum data rate of the communication link from the interrogator to the tag (sometimes called the downlink) is determined by the size of the permitted channel of operation of the interrogator. The size of the channel is specified in ERC Recommendation 70-03 [i.10] and is effectively a fixed parameter. For channels... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2.3 Intermodulation Products | Where two or more devices are sited close to each other and are transmitting at closely spaced frequencies, they may interfere with each other. This can arise through the generation of intermodulation products. These are unwanted emissions that occur at frequencies that are at multiples of the sums and differences of t... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2.4 De-tuning and absorption | The proximity of certain materials to UHF tags may cause a significant reduction in their reading range. This effect is due predominantly to de-tuning of the resonant frequency of the tag. Spacing the tag a small distance away from the material can significantly reduce this effect. However the application may impose a ... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2.5 Shielding | A particular difficulty with systems operating at UHF is that the EM signal transmitted by an antenna may extend over a significant distance. Situations may therefore arise where tags outside the wanted interrogation zone may inadvertently be activated. The responses from these unwanted tags may be read by the interrog... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.3.2.6 Transparent materials | Transparent materials permit radio frequency waves to pass through them at the frequency of interest with very low loss. An example of where transparent materials can perform an important role is as a means of physical protection. This may be particularly relevant in the case of antennas and EM absorbent materials, whi... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.4 Static deployment scenario | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.4.1 Overview | In this clause the main deployment scenarios for RFID interrogator systems will be described, where the interrogator is installed in a fixed position and cannot be easily moved. The present document principally addresses these static scenarios within the frequency band of interest. Each scenario will be analysed in ter... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.4.2 RFID equipped portal system | The portal or dock door application represents a standard portal /dock door encountered in goods warehouses. Products are usually manually pushed through the portal in plastic trolleys, pulled through on over-head rails, or moved in cartons on pallets by a fork lift or a hand jack. The goods typically will be either st... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.4.3 Packing table | The packing table application is designed to represent the pick and pack process in a warehouse. Items are picked from storage locations and placed into cartons in accordance with order sheets. The packing is done at a table and is the one time where multiple tags at item level shall be read as they are placed into the... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.4.4 Point of sales system (PoS) | The point of sales application is designed to represent the sales process at a sales desk in a shop store. Typically up to five items (usually one at a time as often the security tag must be removed) will be swept across the PoS table. In some applications all 5 items may simultaneously be swept across the table, or al... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.4.5 Industrial applications | RFID has been used in industrial environments for more than 20 years. It is used in many automation applications and provides benefits in flexible production, documentation, traceability and logistics. While HF based systems were very common in the past, there is a growing demand for UHF solutions due to the many advan... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.5 Dynamic deployment scenario | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.5.1 Introduction | 4. |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.1 Introduction | Besides the fixed RFID systems at UHF presented in the preceding clause, portable and mobile applications are also used. These applications normally operate at a much lower duty cycle and require less TX power. One specific issue for portable and mobile readers is that they might move from one regulatory region to anot... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.5.2 Hand held readers | Unlike fixed interrogators, the location of handheld readers within a site is indeterminate and furthermore they may be pointed in any direction. Another characteristic is that in many applications handheld readers will be used only intermittently. For example where it is necessary to read only a single tag, the interr... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 4.5.3 Vehicle mounted readers | Vehicle mounted readers have characteristics that are very similar to handheld readers. Typically the readers will be mounted on forklift trucks, which are operated anywhere on a site and with their antennas pointing in any direction. In order to avoid interference with other interrogators and the primary users of the ... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.2 Frequency plan | In CEPT countries, the frequency ranges 880 MHz to 915 MHz (uplink) and 925 MHz to 960 MHz (downlink) are allocated to mobile GSM services. The frequency ranges 876 MHz to 880 MHz (uplink) and 921 MHz to 925 MHz (downlink) are harmonized within CEPT for the purpose of operational communication of railway companies (GSM... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.3 Basic operational principle | Compared to public GSM networks, railway radios have to fulfil tighter requirements. The latest minimum performance requirements for railway radio services using GSM-R networks are defined in UIC EIRENE [i.15] FRS V7 and SRS V15. The specified probability for minimum coverage is defined as a probability value of at lea... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.4 Signal Formats | In this clause typical signal formats for an ER-GSM terminal and base station will be presented. This information will be used for the development of appropriate test cases for the conformance tests of RFID systems. The signal formats can be split mainly into two categories: • Downlink (DL) signals from the Base Statio... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.5 Information contained in the BCCH | The BCCH contains a number of mandatory and optional broadcast messages called SYSTEM INFORMATION. The content of those messages is generated inside the BSC based on operator-specific configuration and then forwarded once at boot time to the BTS inside the Radio Signalling Link (RSL) BCCH INFORMATION messages. The cont... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.6 Deployment scenarios | From a deployment point of view, GSM-R has an almost linear topology along railway tracks. The initial systems using the ER-GSM frequency band (918 MHz and 921 MHz) will be deployed in dense areas with a large number of railway tracks as extensions to existing R-GSM installations. In this application the BCCH will be t... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 5.7 Summary | It is reasonable to assume that during the initial introductory phase of ER-GSM, the system will be used to extend the capacity of the existing R-GSM system. This means that the BCCH will be allocated in R-GSM bands and a TCH will only be allocated to ER-GSM when required. At a later stage BCCHs might be allocated to t... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6 Mitigation techniques | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6.1 Introduction | In this clause a set of possible mitigation techniques will be presented for use in a future RFID system deployed in the band 915 MHz to 921 MHz. The techniques can be split firstly into regulatory methods like site licensing, and secondly dynamic mitigation techniques. The latter rely on monitoring of the environment ... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6.2 Site licensing | In order to allow rapid occupation of the new band, a user can acquire a temporary license for the installation of an RFID system at a specific site. Typically these site licenses have to be renewed every year. In general they are intended for experimental use only. A site license is an individual license limited to a ... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6.3 Service area detection (DL detection) | Service area detection is based on the detection of signals from ER-GSM base station where, in order to provide flexibility in band sharing between ER-GSM and RFID, interrogators will scan the ER-GSM and R-GSM bands for BCCH and TCH downlink channels. Depending on the situation different sharing options are possible. I... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6.4 Victim terminal detection (UL Detection) | |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6.4.1 Considerations | Situations may arise where the service area detection (DL detection) unacceptably restricts the availability of RFID channels. In such cases the victim terminal detection (UL detection) may be used in order to gain access to channels in the 918 MHz to 921 MHz band, which are unoccupied by GSM-R. The potential service a... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 6.4.2 Realization | Victim terminal detection will allow full time sharing of the spectrum between RFID interrogators and potential ER- GSM victims by identifying active terminals and protecting them for only a short period. This will require the implementation of fast avoidance techniques within interrogators. In order to perform full ti... |
e26687bca925afe3a61f78f7e123a724 | 102 902 | 7 Summary and Conclusion | The present document proposes operational requirements for the sharing of spectrum between RFID systems and the R- GSM/ER-GSM systems operating in the frequency band from 915 MHz to 921 MHz. Based on the feasibility measurements carried out at Kolberg and also considering both the RFID system parameters and the neighbo... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 1 Scope | The present document provides speech & audio transmission performance requirements and measurement methods for handset and headset functions of super-wideband/fullband terminals. The present document provides requirements in order to optimize the end to end quality perceived by users. Users become more sensitive to voi... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 2 References | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 2.1 Normative references | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which a... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 2.2 Informative references | References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks i... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 3 Definitions and abbreviations | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: binaural listening: both ears are involved for the perception of sound ETSI ETSI TS 102 924 V1.2.1 (2018-03) 9 dichotic: relating to or involving the presentation of a stimulus to one ear that differs in some respect (as pitch, loudnes... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 3.2 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ACR Absolute Category Rating DRP ear Drum Reference Point ERP Ear reference Point EVS Enhanced Voice Services FB FullBand GAT Group Audio Terminal G-MOS-LQOF Overall Quality Mean Opinion Score, Listening Quality Objective, fullband HATS Head a... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 4 Applications and coder considerations | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 4.1 Applications | The following applications are within the scope of the present document: • Speech and audio communication including conferencing using high quality hands free systems, for which super-wideband/fullband coding can better reproduce the audio environment and provide improved quality and audio immersion. These applications... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 4.2 Coder considerations | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 4.2.0 Premise | As indicated in the scope only coders supporting conversational SWB and FB services are applicable to the present document. |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 4.2.1 Super-wideband (SWB) | Table 0: Use cases for coders Coder Reference Speech Other signals Stereo Remark VoLTE (IMS) ETSI TS 126 441 [26] X X Music X Recommendation ITU-T G.722.1 [7] annex C X X Music For low frame loss Recommendation ITU-T G.729.1 [8] annex E (extension SWB) X X background noise (X) Music Recommendation ITU-T G.718 [9] annex... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 4.2.2 Fullband (FB) | The following codecs are recommended for fullband: • Recommendation ITU-T G.719 [10] Low-complexity, fullband audio coding for high-quality, conversational applications. "Recommendation ITU-T G.719 [10] describes the G.719 [10] coding algorithm for low-complexity fullband conversational speech and audio, operating from... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5 Test considerations and test equipment | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.0 Introduction | The terminals within the scope of the present document are not only dedicated to speech communication but are also mixing speech and audio contents and may implement stereo and multichannel transmissions. As a consequence there is a need to define new parameters, such as: • Loudness: Loudness Rating is determined only ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.1 IP half channel measurement adaptor | The IP half channel measurement adaptor is described in ETSI EG 202 425 [i.5]. |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.2 Environmental conditions for tests | The following conditions shall apply for the testing environment: a) ambient temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C (inclusive); b) relative humidity: 5 % to 85 %; ETSI ETSI TS 102 924 V1.2.1 (2018-03) 13 c) air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa (860 mbar to 1 060 mbar). |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.3 Accuracy of measurements and test signal generation | Unless specified otherwise, the accuracy of measurements made by test equipment shall be equal to or better than: Table 1: Measurement accuracy Item Accuracy Electrical signal level ±0,2 dB for levels ≥ -50 dBV ±0,4 dB for levels < -50 dBV Sound pressure ±0,7 dB Frequency ±0,2 % Time ±0,2 % Application force ±2 N Measu... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.4 Network impairment simulation | At least one set of requirements is based on the assumption of an error free packet network, and at least one other set of requirements is based on a defined simulated malperformance of the packet network. An appropriate network simulator has to be used, for example NIST NetTM [i.2] (https://www- x.antd.nist.gov/itg/ni... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.5 Acoustic environment | NOTE: The acoustic environment may influence more significantly the results in low and high frequencies. It should be adapted to the terminal bandwidth. Unless stated otherwise measurements shall be conducted under quiet and "anechoic" conditions. Depending on the distance of the transducers from mouth and ear a quiet ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.6 Verification of the environmental conditions | This test is not a mandatory test. This test is intended to be used in order to verify the environmental conditions as defined in the present document. For the measurements no test signal is used. A free-field measurement microphone is positioned in the test room. The room noise is measured in the frequency range betwe... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.7 Influence of terminal delay on measurements | As delay is introduced by the terminal, care shall be taken for all measurements where exact position of the analysis window is required. It shall be checked that the test is performed on the test signal and not on any other signal. |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.8 Specific test considerations | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.8.0 Premise | Even if the present document is dedicated to conversational services, the signals that are transmitted may combine speech and audio. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 100 1000 10000 100000 Level SPL (dB) Frequency [Hz] NC40 NC30 NC20 ETSI ETSI TS 102 924 V1.2.1 (2018-03) 16 |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.8.1 Loudness rating and Loudness | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.8.1.1 Loudness Rating | Loudness Rating, as defined in Recommendation ITU-T P.79 [5], applies for narrowband and wideband and is specific to telecommunications transmission systems. So, when terminals implement wideband speech or are intended to communicate with wideband or narrowband terminals, the terminals shall be calibrated for SLR and R... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.8.1.2 Loudness | Loudness quantifies the level perceived by the user and should be more relevant when the signal combines speech and audio sequences. ISO 532 [i.1] method B defines a standardized way to determine the loudness of a steady-state complex signal. This assessment method takes into account the level, the spectrum of the sign... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 5.8.2 Binaural listening | The scope of the present document includes terminals that may have two earpieces, distant sound pick-up using two or more microphones. The terminal may also provide stereo listening or binaural rendering built from MCU. So it should be relevant to consider binaural listening (for further study). 6 Requirements consider... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.1 Considerations | When possible, parameter requirements are derived from requirements defined for the wideband terminals. The recommended test method is also provided in the same clause as requirements. NOTE 1: In general the test methods as described in the present document apply. If alternative methods exist they may be used if they h... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2 Test setup | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2.1 General | The preferred acoustical access to terminals is the most realistic simulation of the "average" subscriber. This can be made by using Head And Torso Simulator (HATS) with appropriate ear simulation and appropriate means to fix handset and headset terminals in a realistic and reproducible way to the HATS. HATS is describ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2.2 Setup for handsets and headsets | When using a handset telephone the handset is placed in the HATS position as described in Recommendation ITU-T P.64 [23]. The artificial mouth shall be conform with Recommendation ITU-T P.58 [3]. The artificial ear shall conform with Recommendation ITU-T P.57 [22], type 3.3 or type 3.4 ears shall be used. Recommendatio... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2.3 Position and calibration of HATS | All the send and receive characteristics shall be tested with the HATS, it shall be indicated what type of ear was used at what application force. For handsets if not stated otherwise 8 N application force shall be used. The horizontal positioning of the HATS reference plane shall be guaranteed within ±2º. The HATS sha... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2.4 Test signal and test signal levels | The test signals are defined according to Recommendation ITU-T P.501 [1]. As the bandwidth of the speech signals defined in Recommendation ITU-T P.501 [1] is fullband, these test signals shall be used in the present document: • The test signal to be used for measurements such as Frequency response, Loudness Rating, sha... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2.5 Setup of background noise simulation | A setup for simulating realistic background noises in a lab-type environment is described in ETSI TS 103 224 [11]. If not stated otherwise this setup is used in all measurements where background noise simulation is required. ETSI ETSI TS 102 924 V1.2.1 (2018-03) 19 The following noises of ETSI TS 103 224 [11] shall be ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.2.6 Setup of variable echo path | The handset is positioned d = 3 cm above a horizontal hard surface, facing the surface with speaker and microphone. The surface shall be at least 35 cm × 35 cm. The handset is fixed like a pendulum with a non-elastic cord 3 cm above the centre of the horizontal surface, see figure 2. The pivot is 55 ± 1 cm above the ha... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3 Coding independent parameters | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.1 Send frequency response | Requirement The send frequency response of the handset or headset shall be within a mask as defined in table 3 for SWB and table 4 for FB, and shown in figure 4 for SWB and figure 5 for FB. This mask shall be applicable for all types of handsets and headsets. Table 3: Super-wideband send frequency response limits Frequ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.2 Send Loudness Rating (SLR) | Requirement: The nominal value of Send Loudness Rating (SLR) shall be: • SLR(set) = 8 dB ± 3 dB Measurement Method: The test signal to be used for the measurements shall be the British-English single talk sequence described in clause 7.3.2 of Recommendation ITU-T P.501 [1] shall be used. The spectrum of acoustic signal... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.3 Mic mute | Requirement: The SLR (Send Loudness Rating) with mic mute on shall be at least 50 dB higher than with mic mute off. Measurement Method: The test signal to be used for the measurements shall be the British-English single talk sequence described in clause 7.3.2 of Recommendation ITU-T P.501 [1] shall be used. The spectru... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.4 Linearity range of SLR | Requirement: The sensitivity determined with input sound pressure levels between -24,7 dBPa and 5,3 dBPa shall not differ by more than ±2 dB from the sensitivity determined with an input sound pressure level of -4,7 dBPa. For the input sound pressure level of 5,3 dBPa a limit of +4 dB to -2 dB applies. The sensitivity ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.5 Send Distortion | |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.5.1 Signal to harmonic distortion versus frequency | Requirement: The ratio of signal to harmonic distortion shall be above the following mask. ETSI ETSI TS 102 924 V1.2.1 (2018-03) 25 Table 6: Send distortion for super-wideband Frequency Ratio 100 Hz 200 Hz 24 dB 26 dB 400 Hz 30 dB 1 kHz 2 kHz 3,15 kHz 30 dB 30 dB 30 dB 5 kHz 30 dB NOTE: Limits at intermediate frequenci... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.5.2 Signal to harmonic distortion for higher input level | Requirement: For the signal defined in the measurement method, the signal to harmonic distortion ratio shall be ≥ 30 dB. Measurement method: The handset or headset terminal is set-up as described in clause 6.2. The signal used is an activation signal followed by a 1 kHz sine wave. The signal to harmonic distortion rati... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.6 Send Noise | Requirement: The maximum noise level produced by the VoIP terminal at the POI under silent conditions in the sending direction shall not exceed -68 dBm0 (A). No peaks in the frequency domain higher than 10 dB above the average noise spectrum shall occur. Measurement Method: For the actual measurement no test signal is ... |
8ca2bf27d2fde7d0dfcd88b6bbc8fcf4 | 102 924 | 6.3.7 Sidetone Masking Rating STMR (Mouth to ear) | Requirement: The STMR shall be 16 dB ± 4 dB for nominal setting of the volume control. For all other positions of the volume control, the STMR shall not be below 8 dB. NOTE 1: It is preferable to have a constant STMR independent of the volume control setting. NOTE 2: STMR measurement in Recommendation ITU-T P.79 [5] is... |
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