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102 744-2-2
6.2.6 Receiver Selectivity
The requirements of clause 5.2.6 shall apply.
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6.2.7 Receiver Demodulation Characteristics
All Aeronautical Class UEs, including Class 6 HDR and 7 HDR UEs, shall demodulate and decode all the supported forward bearer types and coding rates listed in Table 6.3. Table 6.3: Supported Bearer types and subtypes for Aeronautical Class UEs Bearer Type Code rates UE Class F80T0.25Q-1B All 4, 6, 7, 15, 6 HDR & 7 HDR ...
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6.2.8 Acquisition and Synchronisation Performances
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6.2.8.1 All Aeronautical Class UEs
The requirements of clause 5.2.9 shall apply, except that the blocking requirement defined second paragraph of clause 5.2.9 is modified by the paragraphs below. Assuming that timing and frequency offsets are known (and the Forward Bearer type hasn't been modified according to ETSI TS 102 744-3-2 [13]), and that blockag...
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6.2.8.2 Tolerance to Signal Blocking
In order to prevent premature call clearing, the UE receiver design should tolerate deep fading which can cause lower C/No conditions than those specified in clause 6.2.11.1 for short periods (e.g. of the order of seconds).
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6.2.8.3 Aeronautical Receiver Damage Level
Aeronautical class UEs shall withstand, without permanent degradation, a 1 second out-of-band RF pulse with the flux density in Table 6.4. Table 6.4: Aeronautical Receiver Radar Pulse Protection Levels Frequency (MHz) Input Flux Density (dBW/m2) 0 to 1 459 30 1 675 to 18 000 38 The aeronautical class UE receiver design...
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6.2.9 Channel Characteristics/Impairments
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6.2.9.1 Fading Channel Model
A wide-band multi-path fading channel model is defined for the Aeronautical channels. This model is shown in Figure 6.1 and is used to evaluate the receiver performance requirements. It is based on signal interference between a direct line-of-sight (LOS) path and 5 reflected paths (multi-path). Also, the multi-path com...
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6.2.9.2 Channel Characteristics/Impairments
The UE Aeronautical Class channel characteristics and reference impairments are contained in Table 6.7. Table 6.7: Channel Characteristics and Reference Impairments for UE Aeronautical Class Test Parameter Test Conditions C/M See Table 6.6 Fading BW See Table 6.6 Multipath Delay See Table 6.5 Discrete Phase Jumps Piece...
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6.2.10 Received C/No Measurement Accuracy
The requirements of clause 5.2.10 shall apply for the measurement accuracy requirements in 'Additive Gaussian White Noise' (AGWN) conditions. The UE shall not report higher C/No (+1 dB) than the AWGN channel C/No. Additionally, in fading conditions of clause 6.2.9, the C/No of the received forward channel shall be meas...
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6.2.11 Demodulator Performance
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6.2.11.0 General
The requirements of clause 5.2.11 shall apply except that, for Aeronautical Class UEs, the UE receiver performance shall additionally be met in the presence of any residual frequency error (of up to ±150 Hz) resulting from inaccurate Doppler receive frequency compensation at the UE. NOTE: The actual magnitude of the re...
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6.2.11.1 Demodulator C/No and BLER Performance
For all the forward bearer types and subtypes as defined in clause 6.2.7, the UE demodulator shall achieve an FEC Block Error Rate (BLER) ≤ 1E-3 with the required C/No indicated in Table 6.8 for both the non-fading and the two fading scenarios contained within Tables 6.5 and 6.6. The C/No requirement incorporates an al...
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6.2.12 Equaliser performance
Aeronautical Class UEs (Classes 4, 6 and 7) should use an equaliser to improve performance under frequency selective fading conditions. Any type of equaliser which meets or exceeds the performance criteria (as specified in clause 6.2.11) and under the aeronautical channel model specified in clause 6.2.9.1, may be used....
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6.3 Transmitter requirements
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6.3.1 EIRP
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6.3.1.0 General
The Aeronautical class UE nominal transmit EIRP shall meet the requirement stated in Table 6.10 over the UEs declared coverage volume (see Annex A) at any frequency in the transmit band. This requirement shall include cable and any other losses, and be satisfied continuously under all appropriate environmental conditio...
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6.3.1.1 Power Masks
The requirements of clause 5.3.1.1 shall apply.
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6.3.1.2 EIRP Congruency with received G/T
The requirements of clause 5.3.1.2 shall apply.
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6.3.1.3 EIRP Stability
The requirements of clause 5.3.1.3 shall apply.
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6.3.1.4 EIRP setting accuracy
The EIRP setting range, step size and setting accuracy shall meet the requirements stated in Table 6.11. The upper values of the EIRP setting range correspond to the nominal EIRP. The UE shall support burst-to-burst power regulation within the limits and with the step size defined in Table 6.11. Table 6.11: EIRP settin...
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6.3.2 Transmit Power Spectral Density Mask
Class 6 UEs shall meet the transmit power spectral density mask requirements shown in Figure 6.2 (which is referenced to parameters contained in Table 6.12). This shall be applicable for both pi/4 QPSK and 16 QAM modulated bearers transmitted by Class 6 UEs at any output EIRP. The same mask as shown in Figure 6.2 shall...
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6.3.3 Transmitter Duty Cycle
The UE transmit system shall satisfy the performance requirements under all conditions, including continuous operation at the maximum power setting.
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6.3.4 Transmitter Off level
The non-transmitting state includes the 'idle' state, covering periods when the UE is not engaged in traffic, and periods between bursts, both reserved and contention slots. The 'idle' state is defined as the period after the UE has not transmitted for more than 2 seconds. When an Aeronautical UE transmitter is in the ...
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102 744-2-2
6.3.5 Transmitter Modulation Characteristics
All aeronautical Class UEs, including Class 6 HDR and 7 HDR shall support all the applicable bearer types and coding rates specified in Table 6.13. Class 6 and 7 HDR UEs shall support wrap-around of control index as defined in ETSI TS 102 744-3-2 [13]. Table 6.13: Summary of Return Bearer Types and Subtypes Identifier ...
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6.3.6 Transmitter Phase Noise
The requirements of clause 5.3.6 shall apply.
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6.3.7 Modulator Performance
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6.3.7.1 Transmit burst Error Vector Magnitude
The requirements of clause 5.3.7.1 shall apply.
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6.3.7.2 Definition of mean squared EVM
The requirements of clause 5.3.7.2 shall apply.
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6.3.8 Spurious Radiated Emissions and Intermodulation Products
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6.3.8.0 General
All Aeronautical Class UEs shall comply with ETSI EN 301 473 [6] for requirements pertaining to AES transmitting in the band 1 626,5 MHz to 1 660,5 MHz and 1 668 MHz to 1 675 MHz, and also the requirements contained in the RTCA DO-210D [7] standard. This above requirement shall include compliance with all in-band and o...
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102 744-2-2
6.3.8.1 Special spurious emission requirements in the 1 559 MHz to 1 610 MHz band
The requirements of clause 5.3.8.1 shall apply. Aeronautical Class UEs shall comply with the following additional requirements: To ensure the protection of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) equipment installed on adjacent aircraft, the EIRP level in the band 1 559 MHz to 1 605 MHz shall not exceed -84,5 dBW/MHz...
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6.3.8.2 Maximum Transmitted Intermodulation Products
For any Class 6 or 7 UEs (aeronautical terminals) having the potential of multi-carrier operation through a shared transmit power amplifier, the linearity of the transmitting system shall be such that the third order intermodulation product shall be at least either: 29,5 dB below the EIRP of each of two unmodulated tes...
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6.3.8.3 Intermodulation Products in 1 616 MHz to 1 625,5 MHz Band
Multicarrier aeronautical terminals shall not put intermodulation emissions into the 1 616 MHz to 1 625,5 MHz band above a level of -38,7 dBc. This level can be measured with either modulated or unmodulated carriers as described in the first paragraph of clause 6.3.8.2, and shall be referenced to the higher of the two ...
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6.3.8.4 Intermodulation Products in Receive Band (1 518 MHz to 1 559 MHz)
Intermodulation requirements in the receive band (1 518 MHz to 1 559 MHz) are taken into account in the UE G/T requirement (see clause 6.2.1).
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6.3.9 Transmit Channel Tuning
The requirements of clause 5.3.9 shall apply.
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6.3.10 Transmitter Frequency Accuracy and Stability
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6.3.10.0 General
The requirements of clause 5.3.10 shall apply. All commanded changes of transmit frequency including Doppler-tracking for Aeronautical Class UEs should take place in the guard-time between transmitted bursts. NOTE: If any frequency changes are commanded while transmitting a burst it will likely impact the transmitter m...
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6.3.10.1 Aeronautical Class UEs (Classes 4, 6, 7 and 15)
Additionally, for Aeronautical Class UEs (Classes 4, 6, 7 and 15) the transmit frequency shall be corrected for Doppler frequency generation due to aircraft and satellite motion as described in ETSI TS 102 744-3-2 [13]. The transmit frequency (pre-transmit Doppler compensation) shall be frequency-locked to the receive ...
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102 744-2-2
6.3.11 Timing
The requirements of clause 5.3.11 shall apply.
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6.4 Positioning requirements
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6.4.0 General
The requirements of clause 5.4 shall apply. During the transition from the current spot beam to an adjacent spot beam, Class 6 and 7 UEs are expected to perform a spot beam handover (see ETSI TS 102 744-1-2 [10]) which attempts to preserve the call session. Positioning information is required by the UE to initiate a re...
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102 744-2-2
6.4.1 GPS Receiver Unit
Aeronautical Class UEs shall be equipped with a mechanism that can provide the UE with precise position, speed, attitude and acceleration, based on the data derived from the aircraft navigation system, an integrated GPS receiver, or a similar device/system. The derived position, attitude, speed and (acceleration if use...
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7 Maritime Class UE Requirements
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7.1 Antenna requirements
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7.1.1 Radiation Pattern
The radiation pattern of the UE antenna (including side-lobes) at both the transmit and receive L-band frequencies shall not exceed an envelope described by the following expressions of Table 7.1. Table 7.1: Reference radiation patterns for Maritime UEs UE Class Reference radiation pattern Class 8 G ≤ Gmax (dBi) G ≤ (4...
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7.1.2 Polarization
Same as clause 5.1.2.
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7.1.3 Axial Ratio
The antenna circular polarization axial ratio shall be no greater than the requirements stated in Table 7.2 for UE within the portion of the UE antenna main beam that could be directed towards the satellite position (referenced as on-axis). Table 7.2: UE Maximum Axial Ratio UE Class Maximum Axial Ratio Requirement Clas...
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7.1.4 UE antenna pointing loss
The antenna subsystem shall be capable of being steered in the direction of any appropriate geostationary satellite whose orbital inclination does not exceed ±5º and whose longitude excursions does not exceed ±1º. The directional UE shall automatically keep the antenna pointed towards the appropriate satellite with suf...
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7.1.5 Antenna Control
The Maritime Class UE shall control the antenna pointing direction based on 3D GPS position information. NOTE 1: The position information may be provided by an internal GPS unit. The response to the GPS position shall be sufficiently up-to-date to be accurate to within 1 500 metres. The calculation of the correct anten...
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7.2 Receiver requirements
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7.2.1 Gain-to-Noise Temperature Ratio
The RF receiving system gain-to-noise-temperature ratio (G/T) shall be in accordance with Table 7.3 for the relevant UE type in the direction of the satellite and under the simultaneous conditions specified in clause 5.2.1 together with the following additional requirements: 1) With an assumed sea brightness temperatur...
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7.2.2 Received Signal Levels
The requirements of clause 5.2.2 shall apply.
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7.2.3 Received Phase Noise
The requirements of clause 5.2.3 shall apply.
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7.2.4 Receiver Channel Tuning
The requirements of clause 5.2.4 shall apply.
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7.2.5 Received Signal Frequency Offsets
The requirements of clause 5.2.5 shall apply.
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7.2.6 Receiver Selectivity
The requirements of clause 5.2.6 shall apply, except the additional consideration of the potential interfering system indicated in clause 7.2.2. ETSI ETSI TS 102 744-2-2 V1.1.1 (2015-10) 52
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7.2.7 Receiver Demodulation Characteristics
Maritime Class UEs shall demodulate and decode QPSK and 16-QAM modulated forward bearers described in ETSI TS 102 744-2-1 [11], clause 5.3. The complete list of supported bearer types for these UE Classes is listed in Table 7.4. Table 7.4: Supported Bearer types for Maritime Class UEs Bearer Type Code rates F80T0.25Q A...
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7.2.8 Acquisition and Synchronisation Performances
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7.2.8.1 General
No changes from clause 5.2.8, except for the blocking requirement. The blocking requirement is defined in the paragraph below. Assuming that timing and frequency offsets are known, and that the blockage occurs for 5 consecutive frames, the FEC Block Error Rate (BLER) for the first FEC block of the 8th frame after the 5...
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7.2.8.2 Tolerance to Signal Blocking.
In order to prevent premature call clearing, the receiver design should tolerate deep fading which can cause lower C/No conditions than those specified in clause 7.2.11.1 for short periods (e.g. of the order of seconds).
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7.2.9 Channel Characteristics/Impairments
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7.2.9.1 Fading Channel Model
For Maritime Class UEs (Classes 8 and 9), the multi-path fading shall be modelled with a Rician distribution caused by the interference between the direct line-of-sight (LOS) path and one reflected path (multi-path). Figure 7.1 illustrates the Rician fading model. ETSI ETSI TS 102 744-2-2 V1.1.1 (2015-10) 53 Figure 7.1...
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7.2.9.2 Channel Characteristics/Impairments
The UE Maritime Class channel characteristics and reference impairments are contained in Table 7.6. Table 7.6: Channel Characteristics and Reference Impairments for UE Maritime Class Test Parameter Test Conditions C/M See Table 7.5 Fading BW See Table 7.5 Multipath Delay 0 μs delay spread and no differential Doppler fo...
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102 744-2-2
7.2.10 Received C/No Measurement Accuracy
The requirements of clause 5.2.10 shall apply, for measurement accuracy requirements in 'Added Gaussian White Noise' (AGWN) conditions. Additionally, in fading conditions of clause 7.2.9, the C/No of the received channel shall be measured or estimated in accordance with the following requirements (only applicable for F...
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7.2.11 Demodulator Performance
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7.2.11.0 General
The requirements of clause 5.2.11 shall apply.
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7.2.11.1 Demodulator C/No and BLER Performance
For all the forward bearer types and subtypes as defined in clause 7.2.7, the UE demodulator shall achieve an FEC Block Error Rate (BLER) ≤ 1E-3 with the required C/No indicated in Table 7.7 for both the non-fading and the two fading scenarios contained within Table 7.6. The C/No requirement incorporates an allowance f...
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7.3 Transmitter requirements
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7.3.1 EIRP
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7.3.1.0 General
The UE nominal transmit EIRP shall meet the requirement stated in Table 7.8 at any frequency in the transmit band. This requirement shall include cable and any other losses. Table 7.8: Nominal UE EIRP for Maritime Class UEs UE Class Nominal UE EIRP (dBW) Class 8 22,0 Class 9 15,1
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7.3.1.1 Power Masks
The requirements of clause 5.3.1.1 shall apply.
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7.3.1.2 EIRP Congruency with received G/T
The requirements of clause 5.3.1.2 shall apply.
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7.3.1.3 EIRP Stability
The requirements of clause 5.3.1.3 shall apply.
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7.3.1.4 EIRP setting accuracy
The EIRP setting range, step size and setting accuracy shall meet the requirements stated in Table 7.9. The upper values of the EIRP setting range corresponds to the nominal EIRP. The UE shall support burst-to-burst power regulation within the limits and with the step size defined in Table 7.9. Table 7.9: EIRP setting ...
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102 744-2-2
7.3.2 Transmit Power Spectral Density Mask
Class 8 UEs shall meet the transmit power spectral density mask requirements shown in Figure 7.2 (which is referenced to parameters contained in Table 7.10).This shall be applicable for both pi/4 QPSK and 16 QAM modulated bearers transmitted by Class 8 UEs at any output EIRP. Class 9 UEs shall meet the maximum transmit...
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102 744-2-2
7.3.3 Transmitter Duty Cycle
The UE transmit system shall satisfy the performance requirements under all conditions, including continuous operation at the maximum power setting.
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7.3.4 Transmitter Off level
The non-transmitting state includes the 'idle' state, covering periods when the UE is not engaged in traffic, and periods between bursts, both reserved and contention slots. When a Class 8 or 9 UE transmitter is in the non-transmitting state, the radiation from the UE antenna in the direction of maximum gain shall not ...
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102 744-2-2
7.3.5 Transmitter Modulation Characteristics
UE Class 8 and Class 9 shall support all the bearer types/subtypes, data and coding rates specified in clause 5.3.5 for Class 1 and Class 2 UEs.
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7.3.6 Transmitter Phase Noise
The requirements of clause 5.3.6 shall apply.
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7.3.7 Modulator Performance
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7.3.7.1 Transmit burst Error Vector Magnitude
The transmit burst mean squared Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) measured at the output of the HPA shall not exceed the values specified in Table 7.11. for Class 8 and Class 9 UEs. NOTE: A description of mean squared EVM is contained in clause 5.3.7. Table 7.11: Mean squared EVM requirements for Class 8 and Class 9 UEs Mod...
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7.3.7.2 Definition of mean squared EVM
The requirements of clause 5.3.7.2 shall apply.
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7.3.8 Spurious Radiated Emissions
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7.3.8.0 General
Class 8 and Class 9 UEs shall comply with Recommendation ITU-R M.1480 [1]. The unwanted emissions limits above 1 000 MHz contained within Recommendation ITU-R M.1480 [1] are categorised into Table 2a and Table 2b (see [1]) requirements. Maritime Class UEs (Classes 8 and 9) shall comply with the Table 2b (see [1]) requi...
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102 744-2-2
7.3.8.1 Special spurious emission requirements in the 1 559 MHz to 1 610 MHz band
The requirements of clause 5.3.8.1 shall apply.
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7.3.9 Transmit Channel Tuning
The requirements of clause 5.3.9 shall apply. ETSI ETSI TS 102 744-2-2 V1.1.1 (2015-10) 59
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7.3.10 Transmitter Frequency Accuracy and Stability
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7.3.10.0 General
The requirements of clause 5.3.10 shall apply. All commanded changes of transmit frequency including Doppler-tracking should take place in the guard-time between transmitted bursts. If any frequency changes are commanded while transmitting a burst it will likely impact the transmitter modulation accuracy and hence the ...
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102 744-2-2
7.3.10.1 Maritime-Class UEs (Classes 8 and 9)
For UE Classes 8 and 9, the return frequency compensation shall be as defined in ETSI TS 102 744-3-2 [13]. The transmit frequency shall be frequency-locked to the receive frequency, with appropriate scaling for the L-band frequency.
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7.3.11 Timing
The requirements of clause 5.3.11 shall apply.
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7.4 Positioning requirements
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7.4.1 UE Positioning Requirements
The requirements of clause 5.4.1 shall apply. During the transition from the current spot beam to an adjacent spot beam, Class 8 and 9 UEs are expected to perform a spot beam handover (see ETSI TS 102 744-1-2 [10]) which attempts to preserve the call session. Positioning information is required by the UE to initiate a ...
c212b3c2a649d3c5b19acc4f8622fb67
102 744-2-2
7.4.2 GPS Receiver Unit
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7.4.2.1 Class 8 and 9 UEs
The requirements of clause 5.4.2.1 shall apply, except that for Class 8 UEs the following optional requirement applies: Class 8 UEs shall employ an internal positioning receiver as the source of positioning information. However, in cases when the positioning information from the internal receiver is unavailable due to,...
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8 Land Mobile Class UE Requirements
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8.1 Antenna requirements
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8.1.1 Radiation Pattern
The radiation pattern of the mobile UE antenna (including side-lobes) at both the transmit and receive L-band frequencies shall not exceed an envelope as defined in Annex 3 of Recommendation ITU-R M.1091 [2]. NOTE: The full range of requirements contained in Recommendation ITU-R M.1091 [2] may not be achievable for a l...
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8.1.2 Polarization
Same as clause 5.1.2.
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8.1.3 Axial Ratio
The antenna circular polarization axial ratio shall be no greater than the requirements stated in Table 8.1 for UE within the portion of the UE antenna main beam that could be directed towards the satellite position (referenced as on-axis). Table 8.1: UE Maximum Axial Ratio UE Class Maximum Axial Ratio Requirement Clas...