text stringlengths 1 160k | label class label 20 classes |
|---|---|
I've got an old demo disk that I need to view. It was made using RIX Softworks.
The files on the two diskette set end with: .scf
The demo was VGA resolution (256 colors), but I don't know the spatial
resolution.
First problem: When I try to run the demo, the screen has two black bars that
cut across (horizontally) the screen, in the top third and bottom third of the
screen. The bars are about 1-inch wide. Other than this, the demo (the
animation part) seems to be running fine.
Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display
these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf
files.
The system I am using: 486clone, Diamond Speedstar 24, Sony monitor.
Any suggestions?
Thank You,
T. Castro
tlc@cx5.com
| 1comp.graphics |
In article <C4wKBp.B9w@eskimo.com>, maven@eskimo.com (Norman Hamer) writes:
|> What is a general rule of thumb for sobriety and cycling? Couple hours after
|> you "feel" sober? What? Or should I just work with "If I drink tonight, I
|> don't ride until tomorrow"?
I'll put in a vote for the latter. A bike
takes a lot of involvement, and I for one
do not want any accident to be my fault.
I remember one artical where the reviewer
tried the radio on the bike, not having had
one on any of his. He stated that the bike
tended to go faster when the music was
good. I agree, having felt like this my self,
and this was not a physical imparement, like
drinking, just the emotional lift from music.
First rule of ecology: There is never only one side-effect.
Ride Well-
---
Curt Howland "Ace" DoD#0663 EFF#569
howland@nsipo.nasa.gov '82 V45 Sabre
Meddle not in the afairs of Wizards,
for it makes them soggy and hard to re-light.
| 8rec.motorcycles |
<1993Apr2.190122.26169@radian.uucp> markbr%radian@natinst.com (markbr) writes:
>
>The only problem I have with what you tell, is the usual problem I have
>with Honor (tm): your family seems to have confused honor, pride, and
>stupidity. *I* would feel that, when *shown* I was wrong, *my* honor
>would *demand* that I apologize. <etc.....>
Ahhhhh, but that *is* the point. Honor should demand that each of them
recognize that there is error/fault/misunderstanding aplenty in the
situation, and to apologize to each other.
But, since there is no honor *between* the two of them, they hold to
their own thickheaded paths, refusing to recognize each other as human,
and dragging the family feud out into the future.
Honor is both an individual trait, and a contract *between* two or more
folk.
--
G. Wolfe Woodbury @ The Wolves Den, Durham NC [This site is NOT affiliated ]
wolfe@wolves.durham.nc.us [with Duke University! Idiots!]
UUCP: ...!duke!wolves!wolfe <Standard Disclaimers apply>
Above All, we celebrate! --Celebrate the Circle, Statement of Purpose.
| 19talk.religion.misc |
mancus@sweetpea.jsc.nasa.gov (Keith Mancus) writes:
> <reference to running ATI's Install Program and using
> its functions to position/size images at various
> resolutions>
I thought this was a neat feature until I noticed that
when an image is re-sized, the scanning frequency is
necessarily changed. This causes digital multiscan
monitors like my MAG MX17F to get confused as to which
mode to use if the frequency gets too far from the
standard selections. For this reason, I use the
"factory defaults" for position/size on the ATI card
and adjust each mode individually (only the first time)
at the monitor. The MAG (and many other multiscan
monitors) has (have) the ability to recall these settings
the next time each mode is "detected".
--
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Edward McClanahan edm@wrs.com
| 3comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware |
I'm about to buy a new car and finance some of it. Since I paid
cash for the last car I bought I did not have to worry about
whether or not I had a good amount of insurance on it because
of a bank loan. I just put the amount that I wanted (not what
a bank would have wanted). Friends are telling me that banks
require some kind of insurance on the car to protect it since it
is collateral on loans. Is this true? Can that insurance be
gotten as part of my other insurance? I assume I don't have to
pay a dealer for extra insurance over my regular car insurance.
Am I correct? I hear about accident/health type insurance at
the dealers and I am pretty sure these are just money makers
for them. I just want to verify that I don't _have_ to buy
these at all. Or any other types of extras.
What do I have to pay for? Car, tax, license. Anything else?
Ellen
| 7rec.autos |
Jim Brown wrote :
[ deleted ]
>I feel that those who use the KJV as a basis for arguing Biblical
>contradictions are either being intellectually dishonest (purposefully
>wanting to show the Bible in the worst light possible), or they are
>being mentally lazy and are taking the easy way out. Either way, they
>leave the theist the option of countering with, "Well, that's just the
>KJV, that's not what my XXX version says."
[ deleted ]
Unfortunately, it's not that simple. The KJV is preferred by the majority
of fundamentalists (at least here). The second part of your argument fails
as well, since that statement can be used against any version (not just the
KJV).
[ deleted ]
>I've based my argument on one of the best modern translations
>available which is based on the work of the leading Biblical scholars."
[ deleted ]
I would not find this statement to be very useful since it is an appeal
to authority and the opposition will just claim that their authorities are
"better". A second tact that local creationists have used is to reply "but
those scholars are atheists and cannot be believed" (they will also use this
phrase to describe any theologians that they don't agree with).
[ deleted ]
>>>/GEN 30:39 And the flocks conceived before the rods, and brought forth
>>>/cattle ringstraked, speckled, and spotted.
[ deleted ]
The verse being discussed clearly claims that sympathetic magic works (i.e.
placing stripped sticks in the cattle breeding grounds causes stripped and
spotted calves to be born) and should be attacked on that basis (no biologist
has ever observed this claimed correlation).
| 19talk.religion.misc |
In article <philC5Ht85.H48@netcom.com> phil@netcom.com (Phil Ronzone) writes:
>Not at all. You are apparently just another member of the Religious Left.
>
>Show me all these environmental "disasters". Most of them aren't. And the
>natural disasters we have had individually far outweigh the man-made ones.
>
>Most of your so-called disasters (Love Canal, Times Beach, TMI) aren't disasters
>at all.
>
>So look, if you want to worship trees (or owls or snails or whatever), fine, do
>so. But DON'T try to push the scaredness of YOUR religious off onto me.
>
If you want to see environmental disasters, go to eastern Europe or some
parts of the FSU (former Soviet Union). This is because they had no
environmental protection laws and were trying to increase productivity
at any expense to justify their political systems. Luckily for us, some
of our politicians with vision passed some environmental laws. That
isn't to say that they shouldn't be modified, but all I ever hear from
you is that the environmental laws were dreamed up by a bunch of
left-wing tree-huggers intent on putting us back on horseback. Yes,
there are some of those, but a lot of us simply want to procede with
caution.
--
John Viveiros (jviv@chevron.com)
Chevron USA Standard disclaimer applies
Midland TX
--
NetNews userid for nntpserver.chevron.com
- Who said "No News is good news" ?
| 18talk.politics.misc |
Hello Netlanders:
I am a novice X user with a question for any Xgod.
My computer configuration with the X problem is as follows:
486DX50/256/16RAM running Esix 4.0.4
Wangtek AT-style interface 250 M tape drive.
I have loaded the Basic OS (which includes nsu) and
inet utilities (tcp/ip).
I ftp-ed the XFree86 (X11R5) binaries and installed properly.
I can execute startx and run X-windows with no problems.
However, if I try to access the tape drive while in X, the
machine locks up instantly. If I am out of X and access the
tape, the tape drive works fine. Soon as I try to
startx again; the screen changes modes, but, the grey background
pattern does not come up and no xterm is forked. I have to login
from another terminal and execute a shutdown to reset the system.
I've contacted Esix about this problem. They claim THEIR X-window X11R4
server (which I have) works with the Wangtek tape drive. They also
claim I only need the nsu (network system utilities) to run X; I don't
need inet (tcp/ip). My experience has been that I need BOTH to get
XFree86 to work. I'm not too concerned about having to load both nsu and inet
packages to get X to work unless the inet package is causing my problem.
I would like to get both X and my tape drive to co-exist on the same
system. If you can shed any light on the problem, it would be appreciated.
One colleague implied this might be a hardware conflict. If this is true,
what direction should I look to resolve the conflict ?
Thanks,
Kenneth Cobler ksc@ihlpv.att.com
AT&T Bell Laboratories
263 Shuman Blvd.
Naperville, IL 60566
| 5comp.windows.x |
>I have a .BAT file that I run under a Windows Icon. I have set up a PIF
>file to run the BAT file in exclusive mode and to use the entire screen.
>The first line of the BAT file sets an environment variable.
>
>My problem is that on some of our machines (running MS-DOS 5.0 and Windows
>3.1 in enhanced mode), the SET command in the BAT file fails with the
>OUT OF ENVIRONMENT SPACE error. I have raised the amount of environment
>space to 2048 bytes using the SHELL command in CONFIG.SYS so I know that
>I am nowhere near to running out.
(From the Windows Resource Toolkit (for Win4Workgroups)), add an entry to
your "system.ini" file under the [NonWindowsApp] section:
CommandEnvSize=NNNN
"This sets the COMMAND.COM env size, where NNNN must either be 0 or
between 160 and 32768. A value of 0 disables the setting. If this
value is too small or too big, it is rounded up to 160 or down to 32768.
If the value is less than the current size of the actual environment,
this setting is disabled, as if it were 0. If you specify the
environment size in a PIF file for COMMAND.COM, the PIF setting
overrides this setting. The default is 0 with MSDOS versions earlier
than 3.2. Otherwise, the default value is the /e: option in the
SHELL= command in CONFIG.SYS. To set this value, you must edit your
SYSTEM.INI [and reboot]."
I have used this entry, as well as relied on the default /e: from
the CONFIG.SYS shell= line, and both give larger environments. If
you don't use one of these, then the environment passed by windows
to each new DOS box is just a little bit bigger than the environment
_variables_ present when windows was started. (No matter how big
the DOS env was, when windows starts, it truncates all unused space
except for a few bytes.) This should allow your batch file to run,
but your mileage may vary.
--
Jerome (Jerry) Schneider Domain: jls@atg.COM
Aspen Technology Group UUCP: {uunet}!csn!atglab!jls
PO Box 673, Ft. Collins, CO 80522 Voice: (303) 484-1488
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
In article <1pnigoINN5in@senator-bedfellow.MIT.EDU> chsu@mtl.mit.edu (Charles H. Hsu) writes:
>I am interested to find out if there is any domestic car manufacturer
>(especially GM and FORD) which produces "bullet-proof" luxury sedans.
I understand Caddy is working on one, double battery, super high perf
engine, more gauges, a bit 'stretched', etc, lots of communication equipment,
the works. Color selection is limited though.
The problem is that the guy at 1600 Penn. Avenue is about to get it
(Pres. Clinton) (Last time it was a Lincoln, this time a Caddy).
>I am just wondering if this so-called "bullet-proof" (perhaps reinforced
>windows, special materials for the body/engine/etc.) luxury car - Lincoln
>and Cadillac models - is readily available to the public.
Not to my knowledge; I know GM does conversion work for things like
hot climates (i.e. the Chevy Caprices sold to the Middle East) but
things like that are always done by third parties, NOT the manufacturer.
Maybe you will need to buy a specific package that has beefed-up everything,
perhaps the police cruiser package on the Caprice/Crown Vic and start from
there.
>Do we have
>to go through any special dealership to obtain these cars? I would really
>like to hear from anyone who has experience with the "bullet-proof" cars.
"And I wuz drivin' along in my armored Seville STS and this punk pulls out
of nowhere with an RPG (Rocket Propelled Grenade) but the bulletproof
windshield stopped him" :-) Don't think many people on the net have a need
for bulletproof cars.
Check with local armored service companies/security/bodyguard places. They'd
know best. I think your average luxury car dealer will have a coronary if
you told them "I'll take the blue Caprice, with options FZ01 (Fuzzy Dice),
PR11 (power everything), and AR007 (Armor).
>Any information regarding the dealers and after-market shops that have
>"bullet-proof" Lincoln's and Cadillac's is greatly appreciated. You may
>email me at chsu@mtl.mit.edu or post the message in this newsgroup if
>you believe other netters might be interested as well. BTW, same information
>on Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Lexus, and Infiniti luxury sedans is needed
>as well if you have it.
I believe an article on the conversion process appeared in the car press within
the last few months.
Spiros
--
Spiros Triantafyllopoulos c23st@kocrsv01.delcoelect.com
Software Technology, Delco Electronics (317) 451-0815
GM Hughes Electronics, Kokomo, IN 46904 [A Different Kind of Disclaimer]
| 7rec.autos |
Hi there,
is there anybody who know a polygon_reduction algorithm for
marching cube surfaces. e.g. the algirithm of Schroeder,
Siggraph'92.
For any hints, hugs and kisses.
- Erwin
,,,
(o o)
___________________________________________oOO__(-)__OOo_____________
|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|_|
|_|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|
| | |
| Erwin Keeve | adress: Peter-Welter-Platz 2 |
| | W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany |
| | |
| Dept. of Computergraphics & | phone: +49-221-20189-132 (-192) |
| Computeranimation | FAX: +49-221-20189-17 |
| | |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email: keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|
| 1comp.graphics |
i have a question for you all related to this. jesus condemns divorce
several times in the new testament, and i have a hard time with this.
the catholic church (as far as i can tell) does grant annulments with
the statement that the marriage never really existed in God's eyes.
(please, if i am mistinterpreting, correct me.) however, i have
witnessed marriages where two people were very much in love but
recognized that they were destroying themselves and each other by
staying in a marriage, and that the problems were due to personal
childhood issues that had never been resolved. i ask you, is divorce
justified in such a case? they knew who they were, what they were
doing, they were deeply in love, but in the end, it did not work out.
i must admit that i don't see jesus forcing them to live together, or
even condemning that they go and seek happiness with someone else
later on. opinions?
vera
*******************************************************************************
I am your CLOCK! | I bind unto myself today | Vera Noyes
I am your religion! | the strong name of the | noye@midway.uchicago.edu
I own you! | Trinity.... | no disclaimer -- what
- Lard | - St. Patrick's Breastplate | is there to disclaim?
*******************************************************************************
[This is a commonly discussed question, though it's been long enough
that I'll allow it to be asked. As you might expect, there is a range
of answers. Catholics and some others will say that divorce is never
justified. (By the way, in situations where someone is being abused,
or for other serious cause, separation is allowed by all traditions
that I know. No one should be forced to stay in a situation where
they are in danger.) Others see it as a last resort in situations
that have fallen apart badly enough that the best we can hope for is
to choose the lesser of evils. In some sense the difficult legal
question turns out not to be divorce, but remarriage. That's because
of Jesus' statement in Mark 10:11-12 and par. As with so many other
things, this turns on your approach to the Bible. Conservative
Protestants tend to see statements like this as having no exceptions.
More liberal ones are willing to make allowances for situations where
a literal interpretation would lead to painful results. (It is noted
that at the time it was possible for a man to divorce his wife almost
on a whim. Thus a common explanation in the more liberal approach is
that Jesus was trying to protect people from this sort of thing, not
to establish an absolute rule to which there could never be
exceptions.) Catholics, as is typical with Catholic ethics, take a
theoretical hard line, but allow for exceptions in practice through
the process of anullment. In the last discussion most of our
non-Catholic readers seemed to accept with some reluctance that
in some cases there might be no good alternative, but there was a
feeling that the church should often be doing a better job of
helping people prepare for marriage and deal with problems that
come up during it, and that in a properly run church, divorce
should not be necessary. --clh]
| 15soc.religion.christian |
In article <1993Apr19.234409.18303@kpc.com> jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf) writes:
>In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
>|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>|>
>|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,
>
>There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
>Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
>the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
>reference here with me.
Stone, DeRose: Geometric characterization of parametric cubic curves.
ACM Trans. Graphics 8 (3) (1989) 147 - 163.
Manocha, Canny: Detecting cusps and inflection points in curves.
Computer aided geometric design 9 (1992) 1-24.
Pekka Siltanen
| 1comp.graphics |
Wayne Alan Martin <wm1h+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes:
>Excerpts from netnews.sci.electronics: 16-Apr-93 Re: What do Nuclear
>Site's .. by R_Tim_Coslet@cup.portal.
>> From: R_Tim_Coslet@cup.portal.com
>> Subject: Re: What do Nuclear Site's Cooling Towers do?
>> Date: Fri, 16 Apr 93 21:27:21 PDT
>>
>> In article: <1qlg9o$d7q@sequoia.ccsd.uts.EDU.AU>
>> swalker@uts.EDU.AU (-s87271077-s.walker-man-50-) wrote:
>> >I really don't know where to post this question so I figured that
>> >this board would be most appropriate.
>> >I was wondering about those massive concrete cylinders that
>> >are ever present at nuclear poer sites. They look like cylinders
>> >that have been pinched in the middle. Does anybody know what the
>> >actual purpose of those things are?. I hear that they're called
>> >'Cooling Towers' but what the heck do they cool?
>Great Explaination, however you left off one detail, why do you always
>see them at nuclear plants, but not always at fossil fuel plants. At
>nuclear plants it is prefered to run the water closed cycle, whereas
>fossil fuel plants can in some cases get away with dumping the hot
>water. As I recall the water isn't as hot (thermodynamically) in many
>fossil fuel plants, and of course there is less danger of radioactive
>contamination.
Actually, fossil fuel plants run hotter than the usual
boiling-water reactor nuclear plants. (There's a gripe in the industry
that nuclear power uses 1900 vintage steam technology). So it's
more important in nuclear plants to get the cold end of the system
as cold as possible. Hence big cooling towers.
Oil and gas fired steam plants also have condensers, but they
usually are sized to get the steam back into hot water, not most of the
way down to ambient. Some plants do cool the condensers with water,
rather than air; as one Canadian official, asked about "thermal
pollution" de-icing a river, said, "Up here, we view heat as a resource".
Everybody runs closed-cycle boilers. The water used is
purified of solids, which otherwise crud up the boiler plumbing when
the water boils. Purifying water for boiler use is a bigger job than
cooling it, so the boiler water is recycled.
John Nagle
| 12sci.electronics |
Yes -- my error -- you will need the DIFF between the
standard console.h and console.c supplied with
Symantec's THINK C 5.0.4 and the specially modified
one that works with MacPGP 2.2.
I added the two DIFFs to the end of the signature
file "MacPGP2.2srcSIGNATURE" in pub/grady of netcom.com
Please download via anonymous FTP and, using SED (oops),
cutting and pasting, fix-em-up.
Will one of you Mac-geniuses PLEASE port this to MacApp
or AppMaker, or...?
Grady
--
grady@netcom.com 2EF221 / 15 E2 AD D3 D1 C6 F3 FC 58 AC F7 3D 4F 01 1E 2F
| 11sci.crypt |
I need to have PCs and SPARCstations run the same application ( namely
MicroSoft Project ). The original system ran on the PC. Now it needs to
be expanded to allow UNIX users to work with the application. The
current proposal is to use DESQview/X as a display server for the
application.
I would like to know your experiences with using DESQview/X to run an
application on a PC and displaying on a SPARCstation. I've heard that
the network traffic is slow.
Replies only by e-mail please.
Thanks, in advance.
---
,__o
_-\_<,
...Willie (*)/'(*)
willie.wilson@analog.com
| 5comp.windows.x |
From article <pdb059-220493112512@kilimanjaro.jpl.nasa.gov>, by pdb059@ipl.jpl.nasa.gov (Paul Bartholomew):
> In article <philC5v0vo.7Ju@netcom.com>, phil@netcom.com (Phil Ronzone)
> wrote:
#> A very well put together post. I disagree with several key points, but the
#> post is an excellent one with which to "engage in discourse":
I agree wholeheartedly. Paul, you have handled this so well,
I think that you could write ballot materials.
> Thank you. I'd hoped to avoid the rancor that has characterized much
> of the debate on this issue. I'm also not going to prolong the debate
> on this. I wanted to respond to a couple of the points you make, but
> this will be my last posting on this.
No, don't stop!
#> Right to Equal Opportunity (lets call it REO) involves coercion in all cases
#> (by definition).
> One question: is it your position that there is no REO? Or just that
> this is a lesser right to FOA?
Good question. It just depends. How's that for an answer? :-)
Seriously, I believe that it depends on wether or not you are
talking about a governmental employer or not. In this case, I
believe that there should be absolutely no discrimination,
direct or indirect, period. I feel this way not because it would
offend my moral sensibilities (which it of course would), but
because the government is a coercive entity which we cannot
escape. It boggles my mind that in my lifetime, there were
"whites only" drinking fountains in some parks, but no fountains
for others, yet the taxes garnished to support those fountains
certainly were not applied to "whites only." In essence, we
cannot escape the coercive state. Even Randy Weavers have to pay
property tax. On the other hand, private employers are not a
monopoly, and their businesses should be run by them, and not by
the government, unless they elect to turn their affairs over to
that government.
#> Why? Says who? Why can mom & pop have FOA, but IBM be forced, and force is
#> the correct word here, to have REO?
> In the case of the mom & pop store, their FOA is directly affected. They,
> as individuals, will have to associate with whomever they hire. In the
> case of IBM, I ask again, whose FOA are we protecting? I do not accept
> that IBM, as a corporate entity, has a right to FOA.
But if the mom & pop store is affected by who they hire,
isn't IBM? There is a slippery slope here. In Santa Cruz
(where a number of loony anti-discrimination laws exist),
a guy sued a restaurant for not hiring him because he had
every imaginable kitchen utensil dangling from his earlobe,
and his tatoos were very distracting.
#> Suddenly, by arm waving, by magic, a landlord does not have FOA. And on
#> what basis does the FOA of the landlord "disappear"?
#> It seems that vague terms like "no contact with tenants" suffice.
> On the basis that the landlord has no contact with his/her tenants. If
> the landlord doesn't associate with his tenants, then how can he complain
> that his FOA is being violated?
I have a lot of interaction (all positive) with my tenants,
so I guess that that isn't an issue. But say I were to buy
a unit in another town, and have it managed by a third party.
Let's say that I have a real aversion to Christians because
of the stuff that they buy into hook line and sinker, and
because of the lunatic schmucks that they try to get elected.
I don't want any of those fish symbols hanging in the window
of a house that I own. Should the government intervene? If
I was Elie Weizel and the only rental applicant was Tom
Metzger, should I be forced to rent this distant unit to him?
#> The companies on the Fortune 500, for example, are all privately owned. They
#> can give you a list of all of their owners. They have no "anonymous",
#> unknown to them, owners.
> "Publicly owned" in the sense that their stock is publicly traded and that
> the shares of stock are owned by a generic, and ever-changing "public".
Yes, and the neat thing about this is that unlike the mom &
pop store, you and I can buy shares in IBM, and have influence
over their decision making policies if we don't like them.
Anyway, Paul, keep up the good work.
--
Mark Walsh (walsh@optilink) -- UUCP: uunet!optilink!walsh
Amateur Radio: KM6XU@WX3K -- AOL: BigCookie@aol.com -- USCF: L10861
"What, me worry?" - William M. Gaines, 1922-1992
"I'm gonna crush you!" - Andre the Giant, 1946-1993
| 18talk.politics.misc |
In article <1993Apr27.152315.12305@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>, lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley) writes:
|>
|> In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|>
|> >I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
|> >images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
|> >graphics board running X11.
|>
|> Utah raster toolkit using getx11. Convert your sun raster files (presumably) to
|> ppm with the pbm+ toolkit then convert ppm to utah rle format with ppmtorle which
|> is provided in the toolkit.
Or just use the URT tool: rastorle.
|>
|> I seem to remember that Xloadimage can do 24 bit servers too.
Yes, both it and the newer xli can.
===============================================================================
Wes Barris PH: (612) 626-8090
Minnesota Supercomputer Center, Inc. Email: wes@msc.edu
| 1comp.graphics |
In article 735328328@bdrc.bd.com, Clarke@bdrc.bd.com (Richard Clarke) writes:
>So how do I steer when my hands aren't on the bars? (Open Budweiser in left
>hand, Camel cigarette in the right, no feet allowed.) If I lean, and the
>bike turns, am I countersteering?
Countersteering is a method for *leaning* the bike. Another method is
leaning. Once leaned, the bike turns all by itself.
---
Ed Green, former Ninjaite |I was drinking last night with a biker,
Ed.Green@East.Sun.COM |and I showed him a picture of you. I said,
DoD #0111 (919)460-8302 |"Go on, get to know her, you'll like her!"
(The Grateful Dead) --> |It seemed like the least I could do...
| 8rec.motorcycles |
Hi, folks out there !
I don't know whether I am in the right newsgroup, but I have a question.
If I am completely wrong here in this group, could you mail me the right name
of the correct newsgroup ?
A friend of mine is studying electronics at the Technical University in
Karlsruhe/Germany since one year.
He wants to know whether there are possibilities to study audio control
engineering in the U.S.A. .
Does anybody know how to get information about these studies in the U.S.A. ?
Could you send me information like (e-mail)adresses of the universities,
"quality" of these studies, and so on ?
Is it possible to e-mail the universities directly to get information ?
Do the universities send information via e-mail ?
Please could you answer via e-mail, because I don't read this newsgroup
regularly.
Thanks in advance.
Stephan Jaeger
--
This space for rent.
Contact: Stephan Jaeger, Rheinstr.40, D-7500 Karlsruhe 21
+49 721 554293 stephan@jaeger.ka.sub.org
| 12sci.electronics |
In article <1993Mar26.005148.7899@aio.jsc.nasa.gov> stevel@aio.jsc.nasa.gov (Steve Lancaster) writes:
>3) Is there any way around the scheduled drug mess so that he can use
>just the substance that works and not one adulterated with Tylenol?
>Can the MD perscribe a year long supply on one script? His doctor
>basically refused to prescribe it, saying "His clinic does not prescribe
>controled substances. Its is 'company' rule.!"
>
Short of changes by the feds, there is no way. Codeine alone is very
difficult to prescribe without a lot of hassles. Tylenol #3 is the
best compromise. That way he can get refills. The amount of acetominophen
he is getting with his codeine won't hurt him any.
--
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gordon Banks N3JXP | "Skepticism is the chastity of the intellect, and
geb@cadre.dsl.pitt.edu | it is shameful to surrender it too soon."
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 13sci.med |
In article <C64Mux.Bpr@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu> callison@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu (James P. Callison) writes:
>In article <C5zzD8.1Kt@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> marshatt@feserve.cc.purdue.edu (Zauberer) writes:
>>Disclamer: this is not a flame.. if you anger easily please go on.
>>>petebre@elof.iit.edu (BrentA. Peterson) writes:
>>
>>>The next Mustang will be Ford's highest profile car. It attracts
>>>way more attention than the Camaro/Firebird because it's heritage
>>>is more embedded in the general public. Don't lie to yourself and
>>>believe Ford will forfeit that.
>>
>>FYI: they already did.
>
>Oh, really. When?
>
>>Too bad that the current Mustang can't even compete with the new
>>Camaro without using an active imagination.
>
>The '93 Mustang Cobra can. Check it out.
So you think a 93 Mustang Cobra can match the performance of a new Z28??
Interesting belief!
Craig
(who neither owns, nor wants to own any GM or Ford product)
Craig
| 7rec.autos |
In article <C5uuL0.n1C@darkside.osrhe.uoknor.edu>, bil@okcforum.osrhe.edu (Bill Conner) writes:
|>
|> Many of the atheists posting here argue against their own parody of
|> religion; they create some ridiculous caricature of a religion and
|> then attack the believers within that religion and the religion itself
|> as ridiculous. By their own devices, they establish a new religion, a
|> mythology.
You mean Bobby Mozumder is a myth? We wondered about that.
|> The point of course, is to erect an easy target and deflect the
|> disputants away from the real issue - atheism. The fictional Christian
|> or Moslem or Jew who is supposed to believe the distorted
|> representation of their beliefs presented here, is therefore made to
|> seem a fool and his/her arguments can thereby be made to appear
|> ludicrous. The mythology is the misrepresentations of religion used
|> here as fact.
You mean Bobby Mozumder didn't really post here? We wondered
about that, too.
So, Mr Conner. Is Bobby Mozumder a myth, a performing artist,
a real Moslem. a crackpot, a provocateur? You know everything
and read all minds: why don't you tell us?
jon.
| 0alt.atheism |
cramer@optilink.COM (Clayton Cramer) writes:
>
>Unless, of course, the problem is that homosexuality is a form
>of mental disorder, caused by childhood sexual abuse, as a number of
>recent works suggest.
Oh, please, enlighten us all. What articles in particular are you
quoting from? I'm doing my Masters in Psychopathology and it would
interest me greatly in seeing these articles that you know exist
(yet I know nothing about). I'm sure I could give them to people
doing their PhD's. With information like this, they'll have their
degree in no time. (sprinkle sarcasm where applicable)
Don't bother with the little-girl-is-raped-by-her-daddy-and-is-now-
a-lesbian-because-of-it studies. They have always been under critical
scrutiny as to their validity. (Correlation != causation).
========================= Fluffy the Wonder Bunny ============================
Sex is not the answer, sex is the question. Yes is the answer.
==============================================================================
Behind each "Have a nice day" is a "Go fuck yourself." ---Ralph Cherubini
==============================================================================
The other night I was lying in bed, looking up at the stars, and
I wondered, "Where the FUCK is my ROOF ?!?"
====================== pcalitri@descartes.waterloo.edu =======================
Hi! I am a .signature virus. Copy me into your .signature and join the fun!
| 18talk.politics.misc |
1993 CALDER CUP PLAYOFF SCHEDULE AND RESULTS
home team in CAPS *=if necesary
=============================================
FIRST ROUND
Springfield Indians vs Providence Bruins
Gm 1: Springfield 3 PROVIDENCE 2
Gm 2: Springfield 5 PROVIDENCE 4
Gm 3: 4/16 Providence at Springfield
CD Islanders vs Adirondack Red Wings
Gm 1: Last night, CDI at Adirondack
Gm 2: 4/17 CDI at Adirondack
Gm 3: 4/18 Adirondack at CDI
Gm 4: 4/21 Adirondack at CDI
Gm 5: 4/23 CDI at Adirondack *
Gm 6: 4/24 Adirondack at CDI *
Gm 7: 4/26 CDI at Adirondack *
Baltimore Skipjacks at Binghamton Rangers
Gm 1: 4/16 Baltimore at Binghamton
Gm 2: 4/17 Baltimore at Binghamton
Gm 3: 4/23 Binghamton at Baltimore
Gm 4: 4/24 Binghamton at Baltimore
Gm 5: 4/26 Baltimore at Binghamton *
Gm 6: 4/28 Binghmaton at Baltimore *
Gm 7: 4/30 Baltimore at Binghamton *
Utica Devils vs Rochester Americans
Gm 1: 4/16 Utica at Rochester
Gm 2: 4/17 Utica at Rochester
Gm 3: 4/20 Rochester at Utica
Gm 4: 4/22 Rochester at Utica
Gm 5: 4/24 Utica at Rochester *
Gm 6: 4/26 Rochester at Utica *
Gm 7: 4/28 Utica at Rochester *
Moncton Hawks vs St John's Maple Leafs
Gm 1: St John's 4 Moncton 2
Gm 2: 4/17 Moncton vs St John's at Halifax
Gm 3: 4/21 St John's at Moncton
Cape Breton Oilers vs Fredericton Canadiens
Gm 1: Fredericton 4 Cape Breton 3 (2OT)
Gm 2: 4/16 Cape Breton at Fredericton
Unfortunately the newspaper didnt list complete playoff skeds for
series that already began. Also, the paper has not listed final
standings so their posting might be delayed until early next
week (Hockey News).
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ Bri Farenell farenebt@craft.camp.clarkson.edu +
+ AHL and ECAC contact for rec.sport.hockey Go USA Hockey! +
+ Adirondack Red Wings, Calder Cup Champs: '81 '86 '89 '92 +
+ Clarkson Hockey, ECAC Tournament Champs: '66 '91 '93 +
+ Glens Falls High Hockey, NY Division II State Champs: '90 '91 +
+ AHL fans: join the AHL mailing list: ahl-news-request@andrew.cmu.edu +
+ CONGRATS TO THE BOSTON BRUINS, 1992-93 ADAMS DIVISION CHAMPIONS +
+ PHOENIX SUNS, 1992-93 PACIFIC DIVISION CHAMPIONS +
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
| 10rec.sport.hockey |
In article <15450@optilink.COM> cramer@optilink.COM (Clayton Cramer) writes:
>In article <pdb059-160493111229@kilimanjaro.jpl.nasa.gov>,
pdb059@ipl.jpl.nasa.gov (Paul Bartholomew) writes:
$># Item number 1: in a previous posting, you stated that you had found
$># "overwhelming support for child molestation" in soc.motss:
$># You have (finally) responded to this one. I have read your complete file
$># of postings to soc.motss and to put it bluntly, it does not support your
$># assertion. In short, this claim is bogus. Thank you for confirming this.
>All those postings in defense of adults having sex with children, and
>you just choose to claim that they don't say anything of the sort.
>There's no point in discussing this any further, then. You are clearly
>a liar, without morals of any sort, prepared to justify child molestation.
Clayton, are you really an idiot, or do you just play one on USENET?
You claimed you had postings from a dozen (i.e. 12) soc.motss posters that
"supported child molestation". (Point aside that they were really defending
abolishing or modifying the age of consent laws, or the right to be ATTRACTED
but don't act upon desires for children).
so 12 out of thousands is an "overwhelming majority".
You never cease to amaze me.
And you still haven't told me why my relationship with my partner is immoral.
Brian D. Kane
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
kane@{buast7,astro}.bu.edu (Hot Young Star) Astronomy Dept, Boston University,
Boston, MA 02215. True personal salvation is achieved by absolute faith in
ones true self.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
| 18talk.politics.misc |
In article <1993Apr21.144033.15925@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>, golchowy@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca (Gerald Olchowy) writes:
|> In article <MfpIRbO00WBLI1ispC@andrew.cmu.edu> "William K. Willis" <ww1a+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes:
|> >
|> > As a person who has rarely even SEEN Don Cherry and doesn't know
|> >anything about him, I don't know whether it is just this area
|> >(Pittsburgh) of the USA that is "deprived" of his broadcasts or whether
|> >he's a Canadian thing altogether. Seriously, what is he all about? I
|> >know he was a coach at one time, and from the volume of posts about him,
|> >SOMEONE surely is getting a steady diet of him somehow, but my question
|> >is, what is the deal with him? Secondly, are the comments of his that I
|> >read about on the net merely flame bait, or do people actually take him
|> >seriously? I gotta tell you, from what I see, he really sounds like an
|> >ass. Let me know - maybe I'm missing something.
|> >
|>
|> For those of you who complain about Don Cherry, and wonder why he is
|> popular...
|>
|> the reply is Dick Vitale and John Madden and Bobby Knight and
|> Joe Garagiola and Howard Cosell.
|>
|> John Madden picks Gary Clark of the Redskins for his All-Madden team
|> a lot, over much better receivers...for much the same reasons Cherry
|> sings the praises of Doug Gilmour...a little guy with heart...yet one
|> doesn't see a string of American posts saying that John Madden has
|> lost his marbles.
|>
|> Dick Vitale is always promoting this kid from this high school or
|> that college with outrageous statements.
|>
|> Why should Americans expect that Canada would not have such characters
|> in relation to our greatest passion...which is hockey? Canadians
|> are very similar to Americans...culturally our sports are just hockey
|> and curling, whereas with Americans it is football/basketball/baseball
|> and bowling.
|>
|> Gerald
I'd like to add that I think Canadian hockey fans like Don because his kind of hockey (the hockey he promotes in his TV appearances) is the kind that they think used to get played in the old 6 team NHL. So there's a kind of nostagia for the old days, before expansion, the Soviet series, Gretzky and even Bobby Orr, when guys weren't afraid to take a hit, nobody floated and defensemen played defence. Who cares that that probably never really existed, the myth is still around in Canada and all the European in
fluence on the game has diminished it in some people's eyes.
Personally, I'd like to add before I get flamed, I love the fast-paced "European" game and think Don Cherry is a bit of an idiot. I have to say that I missed him when I was living in the States, though. He is entertaining, even if you end up throwing your popcorn at the screen when he's on.
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I stand by all the misstatements that I've made.
-- Vice President Dan Quayle to Sam Donaldson, 8/17/89
Me Too -- Nick Duncan <duncan@mprgate.mpr.ca>
| 10rec.sport.hockey |
Wanted:
Used AT&T Buisness phone systems, will pay top dollar for
them. Anyone interested in selling any,
E-Mail or Call me.
____________
Mike /orricelli
M_Torricelli@unhh.unh.edu (603)862-7055
| 6misc.forsale |
In article <ofppPcS00iUy0_k3Mr@andrew.cmu.edu>, "Stephen J. Ludwick"
<sl3b+@andrew.cmu.edu> says:
>
>Hi everybody!
>
>Does anyone know of companies that are currently manufacturing
>encryption chips for sale to the general public? Get them while you
>can! Some pointers would be greatly appreciated.
>
>Thanks
>
>Steve
I believe Fisher(sp?) International, makers of the Watchdog(tm) PC
security package offers a hardware implementation of DES as an add-on
to that package.
| 11sci.crypt |
In article <C5snBs.J3H@usenet.ucs.indiana.edu> comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy writes:
>>(1) You can not create hierarchy groups. There is no way to create a group
>> in a group. (If you know how, please tell me.)
Get Norton Desktop. Put groups within groups, groups on the desktop, icons
on the desktop, etc.
--
Chris Ruckman - ruckman@oasys.dt.navy.mil | This .sig brought to you by
Hull Structures Acoustics, Code 741 | your local Chevrolet bottler.
Carderock Division, NSWC |
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
In article <49@shockwave.win.net> jhupp@shockwave.win.net (Jeff Hupp) writes:
>
>>In article <1raeir$be1@access.digex.net> steve-b@access.digex.com (Steve Brinich) writes:
[some deleted]
>>
>>Unlike the CIA, the NSA has no prohibition against domestic spying. Read
>>Bamford's THE PUZZLE PALACE.
>>
>>Bruce
>>
> I have that book, and the way I read it is, one side of the
>conversation MUST be from outside the United States.
> Of coures, that ASS U MEs that the NSA plays by the rules...
One thing that seems ambiguous is whether a signal being echoed down from
geosynchronous orbit is "...from outside the United States."
Also, being able to assess whether NSA is playing by the rules requires
knowing what the rules are. We only know a subset. For those even more
suspicious, there could be other surveillance organizations "blacker"
than the NSA.
--
Bryan L. Allen bryan@devvax.jpl.nasa.gov
Telos Corp./JPL (818) 306-6425
| 11sci.crypt |
I need information on the medical (including emotional :-) pros and
cons of circumcision (at birth). I am especially interested in
references to studies that indicate disadvantages or refute studies
that indicate advantages. A friend who is a medical student is
writing a survey paper, and apparently the studies she has run into
are all for circumcision, the main argument being a lower risk of
penile cancer.
Please email responses as I am not a frequent reader of either group.
I will summarize to the net.
******************************************************************
* Gunnar Blix * Good advice is one of those insults that *
* blix@cs.uiuc.edu * ought to be forgiven. -Unknown *
******************************************************************
--
******************************************************************
* Gunnar Blix * Good advice is one of those insults that *
* blix@cs.uiuc.edu * ought to be forgiven. -Unknown *
******************************************************************
| 13sci.med |
Anas Omran has claimed that, "the Israelis used to arrest, and
sometime to kill some of these neutral reporters." The assertion
by Anas Omran is, of course, a total fabrication. If there is an
once of truth iin it, I'm sure Anas Omran can document such a sad
and despicable event. Otherwise we may assume that it is another
piece of anti-Israel bullshit posted by someone whose family does
not know how to teach their children to tell the truth. If Omran
would care to retract this 'error' I would be glad to retract the
accusation that he is a liar. If he can document such a claim, I
would again be glad to apologize for calling him a liar. Failing
to do either of these would certainly show what a liar he is.
| 17talk.politics.mideast |
Rex Wang (wangr@vccsouth22.its.rpi.edu) spews forth stupidly:
> Are people here stupid or what??? It is a tie breaker, of cause they
> have to have the same record. How can people be sooooo stuppid to put win as
> first in the list for tie breaker??? If it is a tie breaker, how can there be
> different record???? Man, I thought people in this net are good with hockey.
> I might not be great in Math, but tell me how can two teams ahve the same
> points with different record??? Man...retard!!!!!! Can't believe people
> actually put win as first in a tie breaker......
PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE tell me that you don't actually ATTEND Rensselaer, and
that you just work for ITS. Or that this was tounge-in-cheek.
Does this mean that I should be cutting off my alumni contributions, or
increasing them?
-SG
| 10rec.sport.hockey |
Greetings!
HP 20s forsale.
comes with case
no manuals
excellent condition
asking for $13.00
If interested, please E-mail today.
Al
| 6misc.forsale |
In article <1993Apr23.010100.28651@mtu.edu>, kcsmith@mtu.edu (Smith) writes:
>>
>>I don't think he's shown that he's good enough to carry Detroit to the Cup.
>>The team may be good enough to reach the finals, but Cheveldae is their
>>Achilles Heel. You *must* have goaltending in the playoffs, and
>>Cheveldae looks like an overmatched 2nd or 3rd stringer (which he probably
>
> I guess I don't know of too many 2nd or 3rd string goalies that could post
> over 30 wins in a season. Chevy has done that the past two seasons playing
> behind a defense that is not exactly the best in the league. His 34 wins
> this year were not all against Toronto and for those who look at Vincent Rien.
> stats and think he should be starting, take a look at the teams he played
> against (teams like San Jose, Ottawa, and TB) any NHL goalie could post a decent
> record playing teams like that night in and night out.
>
>>is). Look for Detroit management to remedy the situation in the offseason.
>
> I really don't see this happening. If they didn't think Cheveldae could do the
> job they would of traded for somebody this year, after all why wait until next
> year when there were goalies available this year.
>
>>Hey, I may be wrong, but after watching him kick rebound after rebound into
>>the high slot, I don't think he can carry them in the tough games (i.e.
>>those not against Toronto).
>
> Better to kick out rebounds than to let goals in.
>>
>>If St. Louis gets past Chicago, watch for Joseph to carry the Blues past
>>an otherwise vastly superior Red Wings club.
>>
> Joseph is hot, but so are the Wings. They have scored six goals in both of
> their games so far with Toronto, supposively one of the leagues best defenses.
> I guess if they end up playing for the Norris title we'll see what happens.
>
>>
>
>> Dr.D [The Devils Advocate] "Drinkin' & women & guns don't mix..."
>> v057p7nk@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu
>> awkorbut@acsu.buffalo.edu - Mark Arm
>
>
> kcs
>
> Wings in '93, or hopefully by '94.
As far as Cheveldae is concerned, he is a decent goalie. The most logical
trade in the offseason to me would be between Detroit and NY Rangers. I'm sure
if Beezer would be traded he would enjoy the opportunity to go back to his
roots in Detroit. He would be a valuable asset to the Wings and Perhaps the
Rangers could get a Zombo in return? Beezer got a few good years in him and
the opportunity to get a fresh start would energize his play.
| 10rec.sport.hockey |
Chris Best (cab@col.hp.com) wrote:
: > This is not a new idea. At least 10 years ago I got this little gadget with
: > a keyboard on the back and 8 LED's in a vertical row on the front. It has a
: > long handle and when you wave it in the air it "writes" the message you typed
: > on the keyboard in the air.
:
: This is not news. In fact it's where I got the idea from, since it was
: such a neat item. Mattell made it, I believe, modeled after a "space
: saber" or "light sword" or something likewise theme-y. My addition was
: using a motor for continuous display, and polar effects in addition to
: character graphics. I should have protected it when I had the chance.
: No one to kick but myself...
:
: Ten years ago is about right, since I built mine in '84 or '85.
It's even older than that. I remember seeing a description of
a garage operation selling them at some of the early Computer Faires
in San Francisco about 5 years before that.
Mark Zenier markz@ssc.wa.com markz@ssc.com
| 12sci.electronics |
Hi Javier, (how are things at Corp, my old stomping ground was c-level?)
Vibration when applying the brakes can be caused, on disc brakes at least,
by warped rotors. When the brakes are applied, there results uneven pressure
on the rotor. Turning the rotors by a brake shop will remedy this problem
as long as there is enough rotor width left for turning (i.e. within spec).
There could be some possible front end suspension problem but a brake shop
should be able to confirm warped rotors by a visual inspection which is free.
| 7rec.autos |
In article <1qhu7s$d3u@agate.berkeley.edu> spp@zabriskie.berkeley.edu (Steve Pope) writes:
It's worse than that -- there *is* no such thing as
a double-blind study on the effects of MSG, by
virtue of the fact that MSG changes the taste of food in
a characteristic way that is detectable by the subject and
that cannot be duplicated by a placebo.
Common! You can easily disguise to flavor of MSG by putting it in a
capsule. Then, the study becomes a double blind of MSG capsules
against control capsules (containing exactly the same contents minus
the MSG).
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Feblowitz, GTE Laboratories Inc., 40 Sylvan Rd. Waltham, MA 02254
mfeblowitz@GTE.com, (617) 466-2947, fax: (617) 890-9320
| 13sci.med |
I'm wondering if "vandalize" is the proper word to use in this situation. My
dictionary defines "vandalism" as "the willful or malicious destructuion of
public or private property, especially of anything beautiful or artisitc." I
would agree the sky is beautiful, but not that it is public or private property.
I personally prefer natural skies, far from city lights and sans aircraft.
However, there is also something to be said for being able to look up into the
sky and see a satellite. Many people get a real kick out of it, especially if
they haven't seen one before.
--
Josh Hopkins jbh55289@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu
"Find a way or make one."
-attributed to Hannibal
| 14sci.space |
I quit windows normally to run a special DOS app, got done with it
and tried to start windows. Ok got the title screen, Windows
background, DOS with an error about loading PROGMAN.EXE. Hum, yep
PROGMAN.EXE is still there. Must be bad, ok pull off PROGMAN.EXE
from a backup tape, start windows, get the windows title screen,
windows background, DOS with the same error. HUM! Fire up the
good ol' Norton Disk Doctor, test, 500 lost clusters! Ok, fix them,
and look through them, doesn't look important. Remove the Windows
directory, and reinstall from disks. Fire up windows, title screen,
background, Program Manager, Success!
I have a 486/50 (Amy) with 4 meg of RAM, 120 meg HD, SVGA, running under
DOS 5.0, no special memory managers or stuff, just the basic Windows 3.1
A 12 meg permanent swap file using 32-bit Access. I mainly use Windows
to run more that one DOS app at a time. (ie downloading with Qmodem
with a DOS window open, and possibly POV running in the background.)
I've noticed that since I started using Windows a few months ago, lost
clusters have gotten more and more common. Although I don't like
having data just disappear, it really haven't been a problem except
for today. Has anyone else had any problems with lost clusters while
running windows? And what could I do to fix the problem, I'd sleep
better knowing Amy wasn't loosing her marbles. :)
Steven
--
Steven Marcotte sdoran@matt.ksu.ksu.edu
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
In response to Jerry Lotto's post about not putting your helmet on your
mirror or else risk damaging the padding from the inside.
One of the major causes of mirror breakage is impact with the pavement.
Laws mandating that all mirrors be protected by helmets might be in order.
But seriously...
One place to put a helmet is on a, preferably clean, footpeg, hanging from
the chin-guard, away from any hot pipes.
Ed
DoD #1110
| 8rec.motorcycles |
In NZ apparently things like aftershave are also giving positive
readings
| 12sci.electronics |
Archie told me the following sites holding documentation about DXF:
Host nic.funet.fi (128.214.6.100)
Last updated 15:11 7 Apr 1993
Location: /pub/csc/graphics/format
FILE rwxrwxr-- 95442 Dec 4 1991 dxf.doc
Host rainbow.cse.nau.edu (134.114.64.24)
Last updated 17:09 1 Jun 1992
Location: /graphics/formats
FILE rw-r--r-- 95442 Mar 23 23:31 dxf.doc
Host ftp.waseda.ac.jp (133.9.1.32)
Last updated 00:47 5 Apr 1993
Location: /pub/data/graphic
FILE rw-r--r-- 39753 Nov 18 1991 dxf.doc.Z
--
J"org Wunsch, ham: dl8dtl : joerg_wunsch@uriah.sax.de
If anything can go wrong... : ...or:
.o .o : joerg@sax.de,wutcd@hadrian.hrz.tu-chemnitz.de,
<_ ... IT WILL! : joerg_wunsch@tcd-dresden.de
| 1comp.graphics |
************* 1989 HONDA ACCORD LX ***************
Light Brown, Four Door Power Windows, Power Brakes
Power Locks, Power Steering, Power Antenna
AM/FM Cassette, Totally Cloth Interior. VERY NICE!
70,000 miles but excellent condition!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Must Sell, quit my job to go back to school.
Blue book $9,200 in IDAHO
Asking only $8,000 OBO
email bartmich@cwis.isu.edu Phone 208-233-8039
Pocatello, Idaho
--
:-> From Michael Barta's AMIGA2000 <-: send email to
:-> I.S.U. Electronics Student <-: bartmich@cwis.isu.edu
| 6misc.forsale |
In article <1r9av2$bg6@transfer.stratus.com>, cme@ellisun.sw.stratus.com (Carl Ellison) writes:
> I don't know about you, but I have nearly forgotten how to generate paper
> mail.
>
> If I had e-mail to Congress, I would have written many letters by now.
> I haven't written one yet, as it turns out. Writing on paper is such
> a complicated job, for those of us hooked on our way-cool Internet.
Just ask postmaster for the e-mail address of the printer. :-)
~Paul
| 11sci.crypt |
In article <C5tEnu.112F@ns1.nodak.edu> green@plains.NoDak.edu (Bill Green) writes:
>What I would like to see is some serious discussion of this incident. I
>believe the moves made were right and proper, but I still have some problems
>with some of the tactics. After watching the ABC special on it tonight, as
>well as CNN and Nightline, I question some of the ATF and FBI actions.
>Some< of?
>1) Could it have been possible to have taken Koresh outside the compound at
>some time before the Feb. 28th raid?
Yes, I think so and it has been reported as such. Seems like a cowboy
movie-style attack was needed for some reason....
>2) Could a further wait have resulted in a different outcome.
The answer is probably YES. But consider; what was the WORST thing that
could have happened if they waited? Hint: whatever it was it could not have
been any worse that what DID happen.
>One other point, I'm no fan of Janet Reno, but I do like the way she had the
>"balls" to go ahead and take full responsibility. Seems like the waffle boy
>had problems figuring out just where he stood on the issue.
But that statement of taking full responsibility is totally meaningless.
What are the consequences for being fully responsible for this disaster?
A note in your personnell file?? Slick already called these people a bunch
of crazy people and dismissed the idea she should resign. Doesn't take
ANY balls at all to take the responsibility. Hell, at that rate >I< will
take full responsibility for it. No skin off my nose....
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Bob Rahe, Delaware Tech&Comm College | AIDS, Drugs, Abortion: - |
|Internet: bob@hobbes.dtcc.edu | - Don't liberals just kill you?|
|CI$: 72406,525 Genie:BOB.RAHE |Save whales; and kill babies? |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 16talk.politics.guns |
I have a 3 month old that seems to have acquired the jitters of late.
The 14" Apple color monitor that I'm using with an LCIII sort of jiggles to
the left and right all the time now. I have attempted to relocate the monitor
to make sure the problem isn't interference from something else, but the
problem seems to remain no matter what I do.
Has anybody encountered this problem?
Thanks,
Jeff Budzinski (jeffreyb@netcom.com)
| 4comp.sys.mac.hardware |
At work we have a small appletalk network with 3 macs and couple of printers.
We also have a PC that has some specialized accounting software that we would
like to operate from any of the macs. We have Soft PC, and I have found that the
software works just fine under it, but I would like to have all of the data
for the program reside at one place (the PC hard disk). So my question for you
is(actually questions)
1) is there a board for the PC that will allow you to hook into an appletalk
network?
2) if #1 is possible, is there any software/hardware combination that will
allow me to mount the PC hard disk as a networked disk on the macs so I
can use Soft PC to run the application?
3) if #1 or #2 is impossible, is there any other way to accomplish what I am
after?
--
_______________________________________________________________________________
Chris Parrish |
University of Oklahoma | "To share is to split..."
cmparris@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu | - KMFDM
| 4comp.sys.mac.hardware |
Apparently that last post was a little hasy, since I
called around to more places and got quotes for less
than 600 and 425. Liability only, of course.
Plus, one palced will give me C7C for my car + liab on the bike for
only 1350 total, which ain't bad at all.
So I won't go with the first place I called, that's
fer sure.
--
Andy Infante | You can listen to what everybody says, but the fact remains |
'71 BMW R60/5 | that you've got to get out there and do the thing yourself. |
DoD #2426 | -- Joan Sutherland |
==============| My opinions, dammit, have nothing to do with anyone else!!! |
| 8rec.motorcycles |
The package is called Sun and Sand, it includes:
--5 days/ 4 nights(2+2) accommodations in Orlando and Daytona beach;
--hotels are selected from major hotel chains and family resorts;
--two adults and up to three children;
--fully transferable;
--expires at 09/93, $20 for extention of one more year;
--it needs a 45 days advance reservation (esp. for peak season),
the reservation department will offer a coupon book which may
give you saving up to $150.
--price: I bought it for $199, which is a good deal for peak
seasons. For now, I will not turn down any reasonable offers.
must sell.
It doesn't include transportation. And you have to pay $3/day for hotel
tax.
Please e-mail your respond.
| 6misc.forsale |
Hmmm....I was listening to the local radio expert (who is, amazingly
enough, an Honest-to-God Expert(tm); it's amazing what he knows...),
and he said that, based on his conversations with the inventor of
Slick50 (who is no longer with the comapny, due to some kind of
conflict), he avoids it like the plague. He does recommend other
teflon-based/type oil additives, though.
James
James P. Callison Microcomputer Coordinator, U of Oklahoma Law Center
Callison@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu /\ Callison@aardvark.ucs.uoknor.edu
DISCLAIMER: I'm not an engineer, but I play one at work...
The forecast calls for Thunder...'89 T-Bird SC
"It's a hell of a thing, killing a man. You take away all he has
and all he's ever gonna have."
--Will Munny, "Unforgiven"
| 7rec.autos |
In article <C5Ky58.12KD@austin.ibm.com>, marc@yogi.austin.ibm.com (Marc J. Stephenson) writes...
>In article <1993Apr15.234838.4138@ccsvax.sfasu.edu> z_millerwl@ccsvax.sfasu.edu writes:
>>WHO THINKS THE ASTROS ARE GOING PLACES???
>>THEY'RE CURRENTLY FIRST PLACE.
>>THEY'RE 5-4, 5-1 ON THE ROAD!
>
>I AGREE, LUMBERJACK (except that they're in 2nd)! They ARE going PLACES -
>San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Cincinnati, Denver, Atlanta, Miami,
>Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, Pittsburgh, Chicago, St. Louis...and
>points in between. :-)
>
>But,
>THEY'RE 0-3 AT HOME!
But,
THEY FACED THE PHILLIES -- A TEAM THAT GOT OFF TO AN 8-1 START.
>
>I'm just not used to an overly enthusiastic Houston fan. I really shouldn't
>discourage it, so HANG IN THERE, LUMBERJACK! (But, get ahold of that shift
>key, will ya?)
>
>ObBase: Apparently the new owner (Drayton McLain (sp?)) doesn't particularly
>like excuses. An item in our paper (the Austin American-Statesman - "If you
>read it here, it was somewhere else first") said that he wouldn't take
>injuries as an excuse for losing because that possibility should have been
>accounted for. Uh, oh. I don't want an owner that'll keep everybody on
>edge - I'd never gotten that feeling about him, but who knows? Does
To be honest, I think the city of Houston loves the new owner. He has
brought baseball back to Houston with key acquisitions -- players that
were from the Houston area and wanted to play for the Astros. I don't
think that too many people are fearful that McLane will meddle in the team
as he has already admitted that he doesn't know a whole lot about baseball.
McLane is a businessman, and doesn't like excuses. He makes a valid point
that injuries shouldn't be an excuse to this club. Look at the depth of the
bench this season.. Canadele can play 7 positions; Bass and James are solid
outfielders and can hit well too; Uribe is nice to have as well.. The
pitching staff has 6 legitimate starters. We're dealing with a young
Houston team, so injuries shouldn't play a big role. The only threat is
the bullpen -- if Jonesy goes out, we may be in trouble but with the
type of starters we have this season, there is less pressure on the pen.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
David S. Schwam
University of Houston
st1rp@jetson.uh.edu
--- --- --- --- --- ---
| 9rec.sport.baseball |
In article <1993Apr6.143616.3588@infonode.ingr.com> kenney@tribe.b17d.ingr.com writes:
>I thought I'd post my predicted standings since I find those posted by others
>to be interesting. Sorry this is after Opening Day. I certify that these
>were completed before the first pitch. :-)
>
>
>NL West - The 2 best teams in baseball are in this division.
>1. Atlanta Braves - Awesome starters, but offense could be a concern
>2. Cincinnati Reds - Would not surprise me if they won it all
>3. Houston Astros -Any team that signs Uribe won't contend. Closer to 4 than 2
>4. San Diego Padres - Plantier could be the Sheffield of 1993
>5. Los Angeles Dodgers - better pitching than the Giants
>6. San Francisco Giants - because the Rockies just stink
>7. Colorado Rockies - will become the Seattle Mariners of the NL.
>
>
>NLCS Montreal d. Atlanta (Braves fans, yes I'm probably contradicting
> what I said in my NL West comment.)
>ALCS New York d. Minnesota
>
>World Series New York d. Montreal - Hating the Yankees will be
> fashionable again
>
>NL MVP: Barry Bonds, or maybe McGriff
I guarantee that if Bonds wins the MVP the Giants will finish higher
than 6th.
luigi
--
Randy Palermo luigi@csd.sgi.com Fax: (415)961-6502
Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, 2011 N. Shoreline Blvd Mt. View, CA 94039
"Play an accordion, go to jail. That's the LAW"
| 9rec.sport.baseball |
Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 2 May 1993
This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression. Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.
New since version of 18 April 1993:
* New version of XV supports 24-bit viewing for X Windows.
* New versions of DVPEG & Image Alchemy for DOS.
* New versions of Image Archiver & PMView for OS/2.
* New listing: MGIF for monochrome-display Ataris.
This article includes the following sections:
[1] What is JPEG?
[2] Why use JPEG?
[3] When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4] How well does JPEG compress images?
[5] What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6] Where can I get JPEG software?
[6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
[6B] source code
[7] What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8] How does JPEG work?
[9] What about lossless JPEG?
[10] Why all the argument about file formats?
[11] How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12] What about arithmetic coding?
[13] Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14] What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?
Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.
This article is posted every 2 weeks. You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.70.0.226). By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive. For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines. If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.
----------
[1] What is JPEG?
JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard. JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.
JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression. Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.
JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in. The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark. Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans. If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.
A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters. This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality. You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc. Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.
[2] Why use JPEG?
There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.
Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images. Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time! (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one. More details below.)
If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images. Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance). Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.
It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file. I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.
The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors). If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you. Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today. Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware. Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.
[3] When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both. One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.
As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material. JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do. (See section 7 for details.)
GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings. In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF. JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects. This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)
JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example. Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting. Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc. The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.
Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity. The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).
Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images. It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.
If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG. You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original. If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.) However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway. This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints. Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.
[4] How well does JPEG compress images?
Pretty darn well. Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor. The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.
File Size in bytes Comments
ship.ppm 1145040 Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z 963829 PPM file passed through Unix compress
compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif 240438 Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
Most of the savings is the result of losing color
info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24. (See sec. 7.)
ship.jpg95 155622 cjpeg -Q 95 (highest useful quality setting)
This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75 58009 cjpeg -Q 75 (default setting)
You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50 38406 cjpeg -Q 50
This has slight defects; if you know what to look
for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
the original. Still as good image quality as many
recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25 25192 cjpeg -Q 25
JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o 6587 cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize (-optimize cuts table overhead)
Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
indexing purposes. Note that this file is TINY:
the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !
In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display). This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.
[5] What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting. There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings. "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed. The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.
The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original. This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.
The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice. This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image. Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up. Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.
If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation. On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).
If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right. -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".
(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it. Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale. Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)
[6] Where can I get JPEG software?
Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.) That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body. The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.
NOTE: this list changes constantly. If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.
[6A] If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:
The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system. If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list. Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.
X Windows:
XV (shareware, $25) is an excellent viewer for JPEG, GIF, and many other
image formats. It can also do format conversion and some simple image
manipulations. It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu (18.24.0.12),
file contrib/xv-3.00.tar.Z. Version 3.00 is a major upgrade with support
for 24-bit displays and many other improvements; however, it is brand new
and still has some bugs lurking. If you prefer not to be on the bleeding
edge, stick with version 2.21, also available from export. Note that
version 2.21 is not a good choice if you have a 24-bit display (you'll get
only 8-bit color), nor for converting 24-bit images to JPEG. But 2.21 works
fine for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG. CAUTION: there is a
glitch in version 2.21: be sure to check the "save at normal size" checkbox
when saving a JPEG file, or the file will be blurry.
Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks. The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.
Both of the above are large, complex packages. If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli. xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03. xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage-3.03.tar.Z. xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1. The next
xloadimage release will fix this.) xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z. Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.
MS-DOS:
This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.
One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.5, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg25.zip. This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines. The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.
Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview. The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip. Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not). Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen. For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably. Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!
A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30). This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives. Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior. It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware. (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.) The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory. (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)
A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.
The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a. However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays. Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW. Shareware, $25. Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.
Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine. If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer. (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead. VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)
The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory). These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.
Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG. The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format. Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability. Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware). Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.
Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy. This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats. It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.2 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch162.zip.
NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20). Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>". If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20. There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead. A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics". If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how. If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.
Microsoft Windows:
There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead. Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)
The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast. Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode. This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...
JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs. JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer. The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)
WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow. The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip. (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)
ColorView is another shareware entry ($30). This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG. If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip. (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)
DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.
OS/2:
The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc12.zip
Image Archiver 1.02: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker. Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
(see description in Windows section). Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview85.zip
PMView 0.85: JPEG/GIF/BMP viewer. GIF viewing very fast, JPEG viewing
fast if you have huge amounts of RAM, otherwise about the same speed
as the above programs. Strong 24-bit display support. Shareware, $20.
Macintosh:
Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later. (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.) You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways. With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file. However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)
Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format. (See section 10 for
details.) If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.
The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format. It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats. The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions. Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx. Requires System 7 and
QuickTime. On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers. JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac. Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers. (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.) Some people
like this behavior, some don't. Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.
GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats. The latest
version is 2.3.2. Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx. Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images. Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime. (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.
JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.
Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code. If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.
Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats. You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime. PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface. Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix. (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net. If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier. Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor. Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)
Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems. (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.) You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx. You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.
If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing. If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.
More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format. Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu). You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.
Amiga:
(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80). There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one. In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)
HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool. It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG. The current version is 2.0.8. A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha. The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.
Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images. The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave. The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha. (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)
Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer. The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.
If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG. Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek. These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph. Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products. Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas. ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.
The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha. These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.
The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors). Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of. In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.
Atari ST:
The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.
For monochrome ST monitors, try MGIF, which manages to achieve four-level
grayscale effect by flickering. Version 4.1 reads JPEG files. Available
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/mgif41b.zoo.
I have not heard of any other free or shareware JPEG-capable viewers for
Ataris, but surely there must be some by now? Pointers appreciated.
Acorn Archimedes:
!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format. Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.
Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats. While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands. Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).
There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options. This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs. Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK. Tel: 0223 841099.
Portable software for almost any system:
If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B. You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.
There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day. I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow. In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product. Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.
[6B] If you are looking for source code to work with:
Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead. A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9). Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z. (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.) You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip. This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)
The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers. The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.
We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.
The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.
[7] What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time. To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors. This process is called "color quantization". (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term. We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)
Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process. It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).
Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization. This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors. Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors. Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source. The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.
(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image. Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences. I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG". This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)
On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors. (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization. If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.
For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware. Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have. With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.
It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines. If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to. This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness. JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed. Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!
Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc. For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display. JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.
[8] How does JPEG work?
The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding. This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here. For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3]. If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.
[9] What about lossless JPEG?
There's a great deal of confusion on this subject. The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input. However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression. At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.
Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step. There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step. (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling. Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)
Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations. The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.
At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image. True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.
If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard. This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images. JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.
[10] Why all the argument about file formats?
Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format. The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.
Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem. In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.
The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems. They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
* JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
pixels and not much else.
* TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format. TIFF is
a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-). TIFF is
a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
and incompatible subsets of TIFF. It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.
I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings. JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details. Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.
A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh. QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure. Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A). If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.
Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy). These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format. By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI. This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings. Use the -j switch to get JFIF output. (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default. You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)
[11] How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format. You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:
1. A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.
2. If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
"raw JPEG" file. This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
it's worth a try, anyway.
3. HSI files start with 'hsi1'. You're out of luck unless you have HSI
software. Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.
4. A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF'). Strip off
everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.
5. Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all. If you are
lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
try stripping off everything before that.
In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is
"begin" line
M_]C_X ...
whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with
"begin" line
M:'-I ...
If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.
[12] What about arithmetic coding?
The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file. On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding. (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)
Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies. (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)
At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles. In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.
There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future. Stay tuned for further details.
[13] Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE. In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.
The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file. Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software. It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error. If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output. (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.
In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss. Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)
The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps. Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away. Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).
[14] What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?
As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG. If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that. But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.
The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary. Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well. You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF. (So check the sizes too.)
Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG. They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes. Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals. To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).
Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image. While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files. It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges). Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing. (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)
cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation. (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)
Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value. The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well. The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble. Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.
With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in. Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs. Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors. (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.) Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want. If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package. However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...
The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs. But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.
---------------------
For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.
--
tom lane
organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie
| 1comp.graphics |
I'm attempting to write a serious policy paper examining whether the
proposed wiretap (or "Clipper") chip is a cost-effective tool for
police investigation. That is, ignoring concerns about government
intrusions into individual privacy, is the value of easy wiretaps to
investigators greater than the cost to the communications industry,
and their customers, to support this wiretap technology?
A rough estimate suggests that wiretaps are worth about five million
dollars per year to U.S. law enforcement agencies. (In 1990, 872 U.S.
wiretaps led to 2057 arrests, while total police expenditures of $28
billion led to 11.25 million arrests [ref US Statistical Abstracts].)
I'm working on estimating this wiretap benefit more accurately, but
I'd like to ask hardware experts out there to help me with estimating
the costs of the new proposed wiretap technology.
Please send me quotable/citeable estimates for:
- How many chips which would need to be made per year to keep all
phones with wiretap chips?
- How much would it cost to make each chip?
- How much did it cost to develop this technology in the first place?
- How much more would supporting hardware, people, etc. cost, per chip?
- What percentage cheaper would encryption chips and support have been
if private enterprise could compete to meet customer encryption needs?
- What percentage of phone traffic would be taken up by the proposed
"law enforcement blocks"?
- What is the total cost of handling all phone traffic per year?
Put another way, the question I'm asking is, what if each police
agency that wanted a particular wiretap had to pay for it, being
charged their share of the full social cost of forcing communication
to be wiretap compatible? Would they choose to buy such wiretaps, or
would they find it more cost-effective to instead investigate crimes
in other ways?
--
Robin Hanson hanson@ptolemy.arc.nasa.gov
415-604-3361 MS-269-2, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035
510-651-7483 47164 Male Terrace, Fremont, CA 94539-7921
| 11sci.crypt |
In article <1993Mar31.221104.21890@leland.Stanford.EDU>, tedebear@leland.Stanford.EDU (Theodore Chen) writes:
> there isn't any copyright equivalent of the res ipsa doctrine,
> but there's something kind of similar. to show infringement, one
> element you need to show is that the defendant copied from your work.
> if you're lucky, you'll have direct evidence of copying - the smoking
> gun. normally, you do this through circumstantial evidence, by showing
> evidence of access from which one might reasonably infer copying.
> this evidence of access is considered along with the similarities
> between the two works in deciding whether you copied. however, if
> the similarities are so strong as to be "striking", an inference of
> copying may be drawn even without any evidence that the defendant had
> access to your copyrighted work.
>
> in that case, the burden will be on the defendant to rebut the inference
> of copying. for example, evidence that he'd been on a desert island for
> the last ten years and had no contact with civilization.
>
WOW! Now we know why lawyers are rich and computer scientists are poor!
Lawyers have to (sound as if they) understand this stuff.
| 4comp.sys.mac.hardware |
Update on location!!
Directory should be:
public/virtual-worlds!!
^^^^^^
Sorry! :-)
Robert.
robert@acsc.com
| 1comp.graphics |
A rep at the dealer (actually it's a university order center, so
they don't have any immediate financial interest), told me that
they have been having lots of problems with their Centris 610.
He didn't go into details, but mentioned problems with the
floppy drive and intermittent problems with printing files.
It sounded to me like they were having both hardware problems
and software compatibility problems with the machine.
He's not recommending the Centris 610 to anybody; he says to
consider a Centris 650 or a IIvx. (Why he would recommend a
IIvx over an LCIII I don't know, but that's what he said.)
So, what does the net think? Did the dealer just get one flaky
machine, or did Apple send the C610 out the door too early?
Is your C610 working just great, or is it buggy too?
Jay Scott
scott@cs.uiuc.edu
| 4comp.sys.mac.hardware |
I recently bought an AMD 386/40. The motherboard booklet says
the board is a "391 WB/H." I have 4 1x3 simms on board. The machine
also uses a Super IDE I/O Card (model PT-604). (of course niether
the motherboard or the I/O card booklet clearly state who the manufacurers
are) I'm also using a Trident 8900C SVGA card.
Anyway, that's all of the pertinent info I can think of.
My problem is that the computer often freezes or displays "Parity Error --
System Halted" messages depending on whether I set the Memory Parity Error
Checking to "disabled" or "enabled" in the setup of the bios (makes sense).
Its AMI bios (so it must be an AMI board?).
I just took it back to the dealer and they replaced all of the
SIMMS but I keep getting the same error (more frequently now). It all
worked at the dealer and didn't start screwing up 'till I got home (figures).
I've tried to take out all of the SIMMS and even re-inserted them
in reverse order, making sure that the connections were solid.
My suspicion jumps to this damn all in one HD controller/serial/
parallel/game-port I/O card, or to the motherboard (God forbid).
CAN ANYONE HELP?
Thanks, Peace,
David Geller
gelldav@elof.acc.iit.edu
| 3comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware |
I've been following discussions about the Delta Clipper program, and I
have one small question. As I understand it, the DC-X derived orbital
vehicle (DC-Y & 1) is to reenter the atmosphere sort of sideways, not
completely nose-first. So why is the DC-Y look symmetric in every drawing
I've seen? I would think that an asymmetric design, sort of like
wingless Orbiter, may work better, since less shielding is required on the
top side. Can anybody explain?
- Ken Kobayashi
kkobayas@husc.harvard.edu
--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ken Kobayashi |
kkobayas@husc.harvard.edu | "There is no final frontier." - IBM ad
| 14sci.space |
Bill Willis (willisw@willisw.ENG.CLEMSON.edu) wrote:
: I have notice a lot of electronics questions by people who are obviously not
: "tuned-in" to electronics. Many of them have rather simple answers, and
: many of them require a circuit diagram.
: Rather than muck up the network, why don't you write to me, send a self-
: addressed, stamped envelop, and I'll answer your questions, if I can.
: W. L. Willis, P. E.
: 114 Fern Circle
: Clemson, SC 29631
Because the network is quicker, easier, and free (at least to me).
--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Wolf Electrical Engineer cmwolf@mtu.edu
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Remember, even if you win the Rat Race - You're still a rat.
| 12sci.electronics |
u920496@daimi.aau.dk (Hans Erik Martino Hansen) writes
> How about a Coca Cola logo at the moon, easy way to target billions of
> people.
Arthur C. Clarke was way ahead of you on this one... he wrote a short story
(title?) in the 1950s describing exactly your proposal!
Tom O'Reilly
Department of Geology
Arizona State University
| 14sci.space |
If you had free reign to design your own instrument cluster, which
gauges would you choose to have beyond the basic set?
I consider the basic set to be:
- tach
- coolant temp (or cylinder head temp for air-cooled engines)
- oil pressure
- amps
- speedo
- fuel
others that are nice to have:
- volts (maybe this should be in the basic set)
- vacuum/boost
I can think of a few others, but what are your ideas and why?
-Dave
| 7rec.autos |
I was curious to check out how many San Jose Mercury News mentioned
Tyre (1990-92). Here's the outcome from the research (condenced versions,
copyright San Jose Mercury news):
---
Bombings in the two largest cities in southern Lebanon killed 11 people
and
wounded 80 others. A car bomb blew up in Tyre, killing 10 people and
wounding
75. A man was killed and five others seriously wounded in an explosion in
Nabatiye.
---
An Israeli navy patrol boat attacked and sank a rubber guerrilla boat off
southern Lebanon early today, killing the two men aboard, the army command
said.
It said in a communique that a Dvora patrol boat opened fire on the
motorized rubber dinghy north of Tyre after identifying it as hostile. The
army
said no one on the Israeli boat was injured. The affiliation of the slain
guerrillas was not immediately known.
---
Rival factions of the guerrilla group led by terrorist mastermind Abu
Nidal
battled Sunday in Tyre, Lebanon, with machine guns and rocket-propelled
grenades, killing at least four people and wounding 15, police said.
---
Lebanon's mainstream Shiite Muslim militia said Thursday that it had
uncovered a network of tunnels in a southern Lebanese village where it said
pro-
Iranian kidnappers had held Western hostages.
Officials of the militia, Amal, led local journalists through the
catacomb-
like alleys and showed them two cells with iron doors at the village,
Kawthariyet al Siyad, near Tyre, the ancient port city, about 40 miles
south of
Beirut.
The officials said they were certain that U.S. Marine Lt. Col. William
R.
Higgins was detained there shortly after he was seized by gunmen on a road
outside Tyre in February 1988.
--------------
...anyway, I counted 20 articles during these 3 years of reporting. I also
found out the possible reason why the numbers for the inhabitants of the
city is defined between 14000 and 24000. It seems that Tyre is one of the
places
where people from Libanon flee to during more extensive bombings, so
there's
a constant flow of refugees entering and leaving Tyre (articles mentioned
thousands of people entering and leaving this place).
I counted 0 articles for my home town, Kristinestad, so from now I will
consider this place to be a fishing village :-).
Cheers,
Kent
---
sandvik@newton.apple.com. ALink: KSAND -- Private activities on the net.
| 19talk.religion.misc |
In article <csundh30.734975106@ursa> csundh30@ursa.calvin.edu (Charles Sundheim) writes:
<tale of bike-eating-devil-dog deleted>
>Moral: I'm not really sure, but more and more I believe that bikers ought
> to be allowed to carry handguns.
Come to Louisiana where it is LEGAL to carry concealed weapons on a bike!
----===== DoD #8177 = Technician(Dr. Speed) .NOT. Student =====----
Stolen Taglines...
* God is real, unless declared integer. *
* I came, I saw, I deleted all your files. *
* Black holes are where God is dividing by zero. *
* The world will end in 5 minutes. Please log out. *
* Earth is 98% full.... please delete anyone you can. *
| 8rec.motorcycles |
>DATE: 20 Apr 93 05:23:15 GMT
>FROM: Bake Timmons <timmbake@mcl.ucsb.edu>
>
>>Remember, Koresh "dried" for your sins.
>>
>>And pass that beef jerky. Umm Umm.
>
>Though I wasn't there, at least I can rely on you now to keep me posted on what
>what he's doing.
>
What
A
Cook
Off !
| 0alt.atheism |
> Does anybody out there have one of those food dehydrators I've been seeing
> all over late-night TV recently? I was wondering if they use forced air, heat,
> or both. If there's heat involved, anybody know what temperature they run at?
> My wife would like one and I'm not inclined to pay >$100.00 for a box, a fan
> and a heater. Seems to me you should be able to throw a dehydrator together
> for just a few bucks. Heck, the technology is only what? 1,000 years old?
----------
Yeah, but 1000 years ago, you couldn't buy it from a guy with sprayed-on hair!
| 12sci.electronics |
Are there any Workspace Managers out there for Windows 3.1 ?
By a Workspace Manager, I mean something like the HP APOLLO Workstations
have - multiple workspaces under X. There is a window at the bottom
of the screen which allows you to select different workspaces.
It overcomes the problem of having stacks of windows open on the one
screen. Instead, you can spread them amongst different workspaces
which act like independent screens, and you can flick between them.
Thanks in advance.
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
In article <1993Apr21.234006.1627@microsoft.com> patlo@microsoft.com (Pat Loughery) writes:
>Also, remember that it's much more draining and tiring to ride 2-up
>than by yourself, because you're concentrating on much more, and
>"in the Zen of the moment" less. Remember this.
The first few times I pillioned someone whose safety was a great concern to
me (as opposed to brothers, etc.), I almost got us both killed on several
occasions.
I was surprised to discover that it is much safer to just drive than to
distract yourself by trying to be unusually cautious and concerned. Abruptly
adopting a novel set of thought patterns and riding strategies while piloting
a bike is just asking for trouble.
--
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Michael Robinson UUCP: ucbvax!cogsci!robinson
INTERNET: robinson@cogsci.berkeley.edu
| 8rec.motorcycles |
I have a Seagate hard drive that I need some info specific information
on. Anyone have the ph# for Seagate Technology, Inc?
(Or if they have a bbs setup that has all the drive info on it, like
Maxtor does, I'll take that!)
Thanks!
--
:::Apple II forever!!:::GO BUCKS!:::Play Lacrosse!!:::Raging Bullwinkle!:::
: Shane M . Zatezalo - CIS OSU: i-net> szatezal@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu :
: root@tap.colum.fnet.org : NeXTMail> shane@kiwi.swhs.ohio-state.edu :
:GS::: call T.A.P. a Futurenet BBS 614-297-7031 16.8k DS HST 425 MEGS ::GS:
| 6misc.forsale |
In article <1483500348@igc.apc.org>, cpr@igc.apc.org (Center for Policy Research) writes:
|>
|> From: Center for Policy Research <cpr>
|> Subject: Unconventional peace proposal
|>
|>
|> A unconventional proposal for peace in the Middle-East.
|> ---------------------------------------------------------- by
|> Elias Davidsson
|>
|> 1. A Fund should be established which would disburse grants
|> for each child born to a couple where one partner is Israeli-Jew
|> and the other Palestinian-Arab.
|>
|> 2. To be entitled for a grant, a couple will have to prove
|> that one of the partners possesses or is entitled to Israeli
|> citizenship under the Law of Return and the other partner,
|> although born in areas under current Isreali control, is not
|> entitled to such citizenship under the Law of Return.
|>
|> 3. For the first child, the grant will amount to $18.000. For
|> the second the third child, $12.000 for each child. For each
|> subsequent child, the grant will amount to $6.000 for each child.
...
|> I would be thankful for critical comments to the above proposal as
|> well for any dissemination of this proposal for meaningful
|> discussion and enrichment.
|>
|> Elias Davidsson Post Box 1760 121 Reykjavik, ICELAND
Maybe I'm a bit old-fashioned, but have you heard about something
called Love? It used to play some role in people's considerations
for getting married. Of course I know some people who married
fictitiously in order to get a green card, but making a common
child for 18,000$? The power of AA is limited. Your proposal is
indeed unconventional.
===============================================================
Oded Maler, LGI-IMAG, Bat D, B.P. 53x, 38041 Grenoble, France
Phone: 76635846 Fax: 76446675 e-mail: maler@imag.fr
===============================================================
| 17talk.politics.mideast |
cotera@woods.ulowell.edu writes:
> David Thibedeau (sp?), one of the cult members, said that the fire
>was started when one of the tanks spraying the tear gas into the facilities
>knocked over a lantern.
Sort of a "Mrs. O'Leary's" tank theory? Moooo.
---
Joe Knapp jmk@cbvox.att.com
| 19talk.religion.misc |
In article <1qe8qk$58t@news.ysu.edu> af664@yfn.ysu.edu (Frank DeCenso, Jr.) writes:
>
>I need to prioritize things in my life, and this board is not all that important
>to me. My personal relationship wife the Lord is first, my wife is second, and
>my ministry at church is third. (Not to mention my job!)
Have you informed your wife of this prioritization?
This board will have
>to wait until (if ever) I can organize my life to fit it in. I tried dropping
>out, but Sieferman coerced me to come back. He won't this time.
Thou hast used my name in vain! I never coerce. Ridicule, maybe, but
never coerce. Please take responsibility for your actions.
(deletia)
>I'm history.
>Frank
I appreciate your efforts. Good luck.
| 19talk.religion.misc |
It looks like Ben Baz's mind and heart are also blind, not only his eyes.
I used to respect him, today I lost the minimal amount of respect that
I struggled to keep for him.
To All Muslim netters: This is the same guy who gave a "Fatwah" that
Saudi Arabia can be used by the United Ststes to attack Iraq . That
Fatwah is as legitimate as this one. With that kind of "Clergy", it might
be an Islamic duty to separate religion and politics, if religion
means "official Clergy".
CAIRO, Egypt (UPI) -- The Cairo-based Arab Organization for Human
Rights (AOHR) Thursday welcomed the establishement last week of the
Committee for Defense of Legal Rights in Saudi Arabia and said it was
necessary to have such groups operating in all Arab countries.
The London-based and Saudi-owned Al Sharq Al Awsat daily newspaper
reported Thursday in a dispatch from Riyadh that the Higher Council of
Ulema (Muslim scholars) on Wednesday had unanimously proclaimed the
formation of the group illegitimate and unacceptable.
In a statement issued in the Saudi capital, the council, Saudi
Arabia's highest religious authority, said it ``unanimously proclaims
illegitimate the creation of this committee and the inadmissibility of
endorsing it because the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is guided by God's
sharia (law) and the Islamic courts are widespread nationwide.''
The statement said no one in the kingdom is prevented from taking
grievances to those courts or to other concerned authorities and that
``the authors of the bulletin (announcing the founding of the committee)
are well aware of this.''
The council of 21 senior clergymen, which ended its 40th session
Tuesday under chairmanship of Sheikh Abdel Aziz Ben Baz, warned that the
formation of the group will have ``serious consequences,'' but did not
elaborate.
...
>declarations and treaties protecting human rights, particulalrly those
>concerning discrimination against women.
| 17talk.politics.mideast |
In <1qvag7INNsvo@lynx.unm.edu> kbos@carina.unm.edu (K. Mitchell Bose) writes:
>In article <1993Apr19.214008.8199@ramsey.cs.laurentian.ca> maynard@ramsey.cs.laurentian.ca (Roger Maynard) writes:
>>
>>>Manuel Lee is better than Jeff Blauser.
>>
>>Again, if you had Lee on your team last year you would be wearing a ring
>>this year.
>>
>Er..no.
Er..yes. If Manny Lee was on your team last year, your team would have been
the Toronto Blue Jays.
>_My_ team is the Albuquerque Leftturns. If Manny Lee were on my team, I would
>not be wearing a ring. Nor would he. If, however, I were on Manny Lee's team,
Again. If Manny Lee was on your team last year your team would not have been
the Albuquerque Leftturns. It would have been the Toronto Blue Jays.
>the Toronto Blue Jays, I might well be wearing a ring. (Not that that's such
>a big deal...everybody got a WS ring from the Jays win.)
That's the whole point isn't it? Clemens didn't get a ring but Morris did.
>In the same way, the Blue Jays did not win because Jack Morris was on the team.
>Jack Morris won because he was on the Blue Jays. It was a team effort, not
>an individual one.
Exactly. And Morris was part of the team. Would the Jays have won with
Clemens? We will never know. But we do know that the Jays won with Morris.
So how could you possibly say that Clemens had a better year? No pitcher
in baseball could have had a better year than Morris had last year.
--
cordially, as always, maynard@ramsey.cs.laurentian.ca
"So many morons...
rm ...and so little time."
| 9rec.sport.baseball |
In article <1746.2BD37A66@paranet.FIDONET.ORG>
Bill.Carlson@p0.f18.n104.z1.FIDONET.ORG (Bill Carlson) writes:
> Since everywhere I look, Zoroaster is suggested as being a probable
> descendant of Daniel; suppose you prove he wasn't.
Zoroaster is far older than Daniel. If anything, one could claim that,
in a sense, Daniel is a descendant of Zoroaster; as Daniel, though being
Hebrew, has assimilated into Zoroastrianism and has successfully
introduced the religion into the Tanakh of Judaism. [However, the majority
of the book is in Hellenistic Aramaic (not Babylonian Aramaic) and only has
Kethuvim or Writing status.]
Ref: Encyclopedia of Religion, Mircea Eliade:
DANIEL, or, in Hebrew, Daniyye'l; hero of the biblical book that bears his name.
Daniel is presented as a Jew in the Babylonian exile who achieved notoriety in
the royal court for his dream interpretations and cryptography and for his
salvation from death in a lion's pit. He also appears in the last chapters of
the book as the revealer of divine mysteries and of the timetables of Israel's
restoration to national-religious autonomy. As a practitioner of oneiromancy in
the court, described in Daniel 1-6 (written in the third person), Daniel per-
forms his interpretations alone, while as a visionary-apocalyptist, in Daniel
7-12 (written in the first person), he is in need of an angel to help him
decode his visions and mysteries of the future. It is likely that the name
Daniel is pseudonymous, a deliberate allusion to a wise and righteous man known
from Ugaritic legend and earlier biblical tradition. (Ez. 14:4,28:3).
The authorship of the book is complicated not only by the diverse narrative
voices and content but by its language: Daniel 1:1-2:4a and 8-12 are written in
Hebrew, whereas Daniel 2:4b-7:28 is in Aramaic. The language division parallels
the subject division (Daniel 1-6 concerns legends and dream interpretations;
7-12 concerns apocalyptic visions and interpretations of older prophecies). The
overall chronological scheme as well as internal thematic balances (Daniel 2-7
is chiliastically related) suggest an attempt at redactional unity. After the
prefatory tale emphasizing the life in court and the loyalty of Daniel and some
youths to their ancestral religion, a chronological ordering is discernable: a
sequence from King Nebuchadrezzar to Darius is reported (Dn. 7-12). Much of
this royal dating and even some of the tales are problematic: for example,
Daniel 4 speaks of Nebuchadrezzar's transformation into a beast, a story that
is reported in the Qumran scrolls of Nabonidus; Belshazzar is portrayed as the
last king of Babylon, although he was never king; and Darius is called a Mede
who conquered Babylon and is placed before Cyrus II of Persia, although no such
Darius is known (the Medes followed the Persians, and Darius is the name of
several Persian kings). Presumably the episodes of Daniel 2-6, depicting a
series of monarchical reversals, episodes of ritual observances, and reports of
miraculous deliverances were collected in the Seleucid period (late fourth to
mid-second century BCE) in order to reinvigorate waning Jewish hopes in divine
providence and encourage steadfast faith.
The visions of Daniel 7-12, reporting events from the reign of Belshazzar to
that of Cyrus II (but actually predicting the overthrow of Seleucid rule in
Palestine), were collected and published during the reign of Antiochus IV prior
to the Maccabean Revolt, for it was then (beginning in 168 BCE) that the Jews
were put to the test concerning their allegiance to Judaism and their ancestral
traditions, and many refused to desecrate the statues of Moses and endured a
martyr's death for their resolute trust in divine dominion. All of the visions
of Daniel dramatize this dominion in different ways: for example, via images of
the enthronement of a God of judgment, with a "son of man" invested with rule
(this figure was interpreted by Jews as Michael the archangel and by Christians
as Christ), in chapter 7; via zodiacal images of cosmic beasts with bizarre
manifestations, as in chapter 8; or via complex reinterpretations of ancient
prophecies, especially those of Jeremiah 25:9-11, as found in Daniel 9-12.
The imagery of the four beasts in chapter 7 (paralleled by the image of four
metals in chapter 2), representing four kingdoms to be overthrown by a fifth
monarchy of divine origin, is one of the enduring images of the book; it sur-
vived as a prototype of Jewish and Christian historical and apocalyptic schemes
to the end of the Middle Ages. The role and power of this imagery in the
fifteenth and sixteenth century work of the exegete Isaac Abravanel, the
scientist Isaac Newton, and the philosopher Jean Bodin and among the Fifth
Monarchy Men of seventeenth century England, for example, is abiding testimony
to the use of this ancient topos in organizing the chiliastic imagination of
diverse thinkers and groups. The schema is still used to this day by various
groups predicting the apocalyptic advent.
The encouragement in the face of religious persecution that is found and
propagandized in Daniel 11-12 contains a remarkable reinterpretation of Isaiah
52:13-53:12, regarding the suffering servant of God not as all Israel but as
the select faithful. Neither the opening stories about Daniel and the youths nor
the final martyrological allusions advocate violence or revolt; they rather
advocate a stance of piety, civil disobedience, and trustful resignation.
Victory for the faithful is in the hands of the archangel Michael, and the
martyrs will be resurrected and granted astral immortality. Persumably the
circles behind the book were not the same as the Maccabean fighters and may
reflect some proto-Pharisaic group of hasidim, or pietists. The themes of
resistance to oppression, freedom of worship, preservation of monotheistic
integrity, the overthrow of historical dominions, and the acknowledgement of
the God of heaven recur throughout the book and have served as a token of
trust for the faithful in their darkest hour.
ZARATHUSHTRA, founder of the religion know as Zoroastrianism or Mazdaism (from
Mazda or Ahura Mazda, the name of the god prophesied by Zarathushtra.) The
etymology and history of Zarathushtra, the Avestan and oldest form of the name,
as uncertain, both in various Iranian languages and in related forms else-
where. There may have been an Old Persian form, Zara-ushtra, from which the
Greek form, Zoroastres, may be derived, and there may have existed an Old
Iranian form, Zarat-ushtra, to which may be linked the Middle Iranian Zrdrwsht,
several Middle Persian forms (such as Zrtwsht), and the New Persian Zardusht.
We can state with certainty only that the second half of the name, ushtra,
means "camel." The form Zoroaster, derived from the Greek Zoroastres, was used
traditionally in European culture until the eighteenth century, when
Zarathustra, closer to the original (and as found in Nietzsche), came into
common use after the rediscovery of the Avesta, the collection of sacred books
of Zoroastrianism, and the resulting studies in Iranian philology. [See Avesta.]
Notwithstanding the great and continued popularity of Zarathushtra, even in
Western culture, the sources available to us are few, extremely fragmented,
and heterogeneous. Our principle sources are the five Gathas ("songs"),
attributed to Zarathushtra himself and included in the Yasna section of the
Avesta: Gatha Ahunavaiti (Yasna 28-34), Gatha Ushtavaiti (Yasna 43-46), Gatha
Spentamainyu (Yasna 47-50), Gatha Vokukhshathra (Yasna 51), and Gatha
Vashishtoishti (Yasna 53), the last of which was probably written after the
prophet's death.
Other sources of considerable, albeit varying, importance are the Younger
Avesta and the remaining Zoroastrian religious literature, in particular the
Pahlavi texts of the ninth and tenth centures CE. Although the Achaemenid
inscriptions (sixth to fourth centures BCE) never mention Zarathushtra, he is
mentioned by some Greek sources of the time (not, however, by Herodotus, who
seems unaware of him).
The Avesta does not provide any direct or explicit data concerning the true
chronological history of Zarathushtra. But the text is useful in an indirect
way, as it clearly implies that the environment in which Zoroastrianism arose
was not that of Iran under the Medes or the Persians. The Greek sources, on the
other hand, do provide some information concerning the time of Zarathushtra,
although from a historical point of view they are unreliable. Some place him
six thousand years before the Trojan War (Xanthus of Lydia, Eudoxus of Cnidus,
Hermippus, Hermodorus, Aristotle, Plutarch, Diogenes Laertius, and Pliny). The
account by Xanthus of Lydia, however, has also been interpreted by some to mean
six hundred, rather than six thousand, years before the expedition of Xerxes
against Greece. This interpretation is favored by Diogenes Laertius, who makes
reference to Xanthus, but although a few scholars (A. S. Shabazi, Helmut
Humbach) have recently attempted to rehabilitate it under various pretexts, it
is generally rejected.
Although the historical value of the Greek sources is negligible, they are
nonetheless important in that they show that the millenarian doctrine of history
of the cosmos had already been developed in Iran by the Achaemenid period, as
the above account would seem to demonstrate. They also show that by this time
Zarathushtra was already seen as an almost mythical figure, one from an
extremely distant past. All of this leads to the conclusion that the prophet
could not have belonged to a historical period contemporary with, or even close
to, that of the Achaemenids.
Later Zoroastrian sources, the Pahlavi texts, do provide an absolute chrono-
logy for Zarathushtra, one that was also accepted by some Arab authors. Accord-
ing to these sources, Zarathushtra lived 300 or 258 years before Alexander.
Again, scholars are divided on the validity of the chronology; some view it as
historically reliable while others believe that it is devoid of historical
justification. The most convincing arguments, however, seem to support the
latter position. The figure of 258 years is accurate only on the surface
because it represents, in fact, the more general one of 300, which was employed
by Sasanid propagandists to locate Zarathushtra's lifetime roughly around the
beginning of Iranian domination. For a number of reasons connected with complex
problems inherent in the Iranian chronology, there was also a desire on the
part of the Sasanid propagandists to avoid any millenarian threat. In this
context, Zarathushtra, whom tradition places early in the ninth millennium after
the beginning of the cosmos, converted Vishtaspa at the age of forty-two, and
Vishtaspa's conversion was viewed by some as the beginning of the millennium
(thus explaining the double date of 300 and 258 years before Alexander).
Given the unreliability of the few available sources, we are forced to
reconstruct an absolute chronology on the basis of other elements, principally
on the contention that Zarathushtra must have lived a few centuries before Cyrus
the Great, Cambyses, and Darius, as there is no mention in the Avesta of the
great political achievements that took place in western Iran in the middle of
the first millennium BCE. Nor is there any mention of the history of that
period, which was to lead Iran to a position of such predominance. At the same
time, for a number of reasons, going back much further in history would not be
justified. Consequently, the traditionally accepted theory of placing Zara-
thushtra around the beginning of the first millennium BCE appears to be the
most legitimate.
As to Zarathushtra's land of origin, many scholars agree, on the basis of
valid arguments, that he must have come from eastern Iran. Some have held that
he was a Mede, largely because of a late Iranian tradition linking Zarathushtra
with Azerbaijan, but also because of linguistic reasons, based on the language
of the Avesta. This hypothesis, however, should be discarded, as we can suppose,
both on historical and linguistic grounds, that Zarathushtra came from the east,
even though we do not know precisely from which region. There is a considerable
variety of opinion on this particular matter, including the improbable view
that he came from Chorasmia, or present-day Khorezm, or from a wider Chorasmian
region, reaching as far as the oases of Merv and Herat. Most likely, however,
Zarathushtra's land of origin is somewhere in the vast area stretching from the
Hindu Kush mountain range to the more southern regions of Bactria and Arachosia
(modern Qandahar), as well as Drangiana (the area of lake Helmand). It would
thus be located in what is now Afghanistan or in the border regions of Iran.
Zarathushtra himself tells us that he belonged to the priestly caste (Yasna
33.6). He was a zaotar (cf. Sanskrit hotr), that is, a priest belonging to a
specific group connected with a school that produced very elaborate and learned
religious poetry. Even in the so-called Younger Avesta he is described as an
athravan (Yashts 13.94), a more general term encompassing the entire priestly
caste. To enter it he had undergone a long and rigid training, which he used
to lend dignity (as in the Gathas) to the contents of his new message, the
product of a great and original ethical mind.
Zarathushtra also belongs to that venerable priestly tradition, linking India
to Iran in another way, by centering his teachings on the praise of the ashavan,
or "possessor of asha," that is, the one who, as in the Vedic rtavan, seeks
truth and masters it, thus becoming ashavan in this life - almost an initiate -
and blessed after death. Any good follower of such teachings seeks the "vision
of asha," just as those chosing the right path in Vedic India aspired to the
"vision of the Sun," a manifestation of rta. Behind these concepts and this
language lies the great tradition of "Aryan mysticism," that is, of Indo-Iranian
mysticism.
Zarathushtra's greatness, however, does not lie in his having belonged to a
particular religious tradition. Rather, it lies in the innovation and strength
of his message, which was in itself a break in the tradition, one that force-
fully and effectively introduced two great revolutionary ideas: dualistic
monotheism (the Wise Lord who fathers two twin spirits, the beneficent and the
evil); and the expectation of a transfiguration (Av., Frashokereti; Pahl.,
Frashgird) of life and existence. [See Frashokereti]
Both his monotheistic and dualistic ideas and his particular soteriological
doctrine deeply separate Zarathushtra's teachings from the Indo-Iranian tradi-
tions of his upbringing. They exemplify his rebellion against a formalistic
and ritualistic religion that did not provide adequate answers to the problem
of evil. Because of his basic tenets, Zarathushtra, who advocated an inward
religiosity and the right of the individual to resist the imperatives of tradi-
tion, can be numbered among the greatest of religious figures.
Another original facet of Zarathushtra's message, one that is not easy to
understand but which, however, holds the key to a deeper understanding of the
complex intellectual and poetic structure of the Gathas, is the doctrine of the
Amesha Spentas, the "beneficent immortals." These are spiritualizations of the
abstract notions of good thought, best truth, desirable power, bounteous
devotion, wholeness, and immortality, all of which operate according to a
system of interrelations and correlations and can simultaneously be the
manifestations of a divinity and of human virtue. [See Amesha Spentas.]
Other than the names of his father, Pourushaspa ("possessing gray horses"),
and of his mother, Dughdova ("one who has milked"), we know almost nothing of
Zarathushtra's life. A late Pahlavi text also give the names of four brothers.
According to tradition, Zarathushtra left home at the age of twenty, and at
thirty he was subject to a revelation, both through an intense and powerful
inspiration and through a vision. Only after ten years had passed, however, did
he succeed in converting a cousin of his, Maidhyoimah, to his beliefs. He was
strongly opposed in his native land by kavis, karapans, and usijs, priestly
groups associated with traditional teachings and practices. This hostility
caused him to leave his region (Yasna 46:1) and to seek refuge at the court of
Kavi Vishtaspa, a ruler who had been converted to the new religion together with
his wife, Hutaosa, when the prophet, according to tradition, was forty-two
years old. We also know the name of a son, Isat Vastra ("desiring pastures"),
and of three daughters born of his first wife, as well as the names of two more
sons, Urvatatnara ("commanding men") and Hvarecithra ("sun-faced"), born of
his second wife, Hvovi, a member of the influential Hvogva ("possessing good
cattle") family. Two other figures belonging to the Hvogva family are mentioned:
Frashaoshtra and Jamaspa, the former as Hvovi's father, and the latter as the
husband of the third daughter of the prophet, Pouruchista ("very thoughtful"),
whose wedding is celebrated in the fifth hymm in the Gathas (Yasna 53). Again,
according to tradition, Zarathushtra died at the age of seventy-seven. He was
assassinated by a karapan, a priest of the old religion, who belonged to the
Tuirya tribe and was called Tur i Bradres (his name is known only in the Pahlavi
form).
The paucity of information on the prophet's life is compensated by a tradi-
tion, rich in legendary detail, that arose through the centuries in Zoroastrian
communities. The main texts documenting the tradition are the seventh book of
the Denkard, a Pahlavi work dating from the ninth century CE, as well as
passages from other Pahlavi texts and a New Persian work from the thirteenth
century, the Zarathusht-nama (Book of Zarathushtra), written by Zaratusht-i
Bahram-i Pazhdu. Mythical and ritual elements prevail in the later legends about
Zarathushtra, which idealize him into a symbol and make him the archetype of the
perfect man.
Zarathushtra's great popularity in the ancient world continued throughout the
Renaissance until the Enlightenment. During the Classical and Hellenistic
periods he was viewed as a wise man, a typical representative of an "alien
wisdom," a master of the secrets of heaven and earth, a seer, astrologer,
psychologist, and wonder worker. Pythagorean thinkers went so far as to see the
influence of Zarathushtra on Pythagoras himself, and the Academicians always
openly admired the Persian thinker who founded the school of the Magi and
advocated a doctrine of dualism. Earliest Christianity viewed Zarathushtra as
a precursor of the Christian faith, one who not only prophesied, as had the
biblical prophets, the advent of the Messiah but also predicted the supernatural
sign of his coming, the star that was to appear in the East and guide the three
Magi to the manger in Bethlehem. [See Magi.] This Christian interpretation is
derived from the Zoroastrian doctrine of the Saoshyant, the Savior of the
Future. [See Saoshyant.] Later, however, religious struggles arose during the
Sasanid empire in Persia (third to seventh centuries CE), which linked the
spread of Christianity with the Roman empire. Zarathushtra's popularity in the
Christian world began to decline. The Iranian prophet, who had been praised
often by the gnostic schools and who had been seen by Mani as one of the three
great messengers from the past, was now seen, instead, as a leader of imposture
and heresy, a teacher of the diabolic arts of witchery. But during the Renaiss-
ance and the Enlightenment, European cultures reverted to the image of Zara-
thushtra that had come down through Classical and Hellenistic antiquity. He was
viewed, once again, as a great and wise man, as the author of the _Chaldean
Oracles_ and probably inventor of Qabbalah, as a teacher of astrology, as a
possible bridge between Christianity and Platonism, and, at times (as in
Voltaire), as a symbol of non-Christian wisdom.
After Western philology rediscovered Zarathushtra during the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries, Friedrich Nietzsche, in an intentional paradox, gave
the name Zarathustra to the hero of his work _Also sprach Zarathustra_ (1883-
1892). Nietzsche saw the Iranian prophet as the first to have discovered the
true motive force underlying all things, that is, the eternal struggle between
good and evil. [See also Zoroastrianism]
| 19talk.religion.misc |
Did that FAQ ever got modified to re-define strong atheists as not those who
assert the nonexistence of God, but as those who assert that they BELIEVE in
the nonexistence of God? There was a thread on this earlier, but I didn't get
the outcome...
-- Adam "No Nickname" Cooper
********************************************************************************
* Adam John Cooper "Verily, often have I laughed at the weaklings *
* (612) 696-7521 who thought themselves good simply because *
* acooper@macalstr.edu they had no claws." *
********************************************************************************
| 0alt.atheism |
I use Arts & Letters on a PC and if you make use of the Tracing Preferences
it traces beautifully. BUT - there's a trick to tracing. I've traced entire
cartoon images into custom clip art, but you can't expect to just point to
the image and get it just like that, it takes a little work (in some cases
a lot of work). You need to trace a drawing piece by piece, and then put it
together... it's kinda hard to explain in type, but if you're ever in Reno
I can give you a little demonstration!
| 1comp.graphics |
dleonar@andy.bgsu.edu (Pixie) writes:
> Unfaithfully yours,
> Pixie
> p.s. If you do sincerely believe that a god exists, why do you follow
>it blindly?
> Do the words "Question Authority" mean anything to you?
> I defy any theist to reply.
o.k. i don't follow god "blindly". once, long ago, i questioned authority
to such a rabid point that i found question_authority=reject_authority_
_unquestioningly. i question authority all the time. but to forever
question is fruitless...eventually we have to consider whether there are
answers to the questions, whether the "authority" {say, the bible in this
case} has validity. basically to question authority does not necessarily
mean reject authority.
| 15soc.religion.christian |
A friend of mine uses Windows 3.1 to do most of her work.
Unfortunately, she has very bad eyesight, and we haven't
been able to figure out how to change the default font
used by the system and application menus, or the font used
by the Help program (what use is hypertext if you can't
read it?) to make it legible to her.
If anyone knows how to increase the size of these fonts,
of any software package that makes Windows more accessible
to visually handicapped people, please let me know.
Thanks,
Dan
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
Robert J. Niland (rjn@teal.csn.org) wrote:
[Much text deleted]
: I have heard from several people about less expensive m-f I/O cards
: with 16550s:
: TSD Systems
: (407) 331-9130
: $19.95 for the card, plus $9.95 per 16550.
I can vouch for this one. I ordered it and got it for $34 including
S&H. It took me awhile to figure out how to get it working with my
system, but since I did, I get terrific results while downloading
using PCPlus for Windows. I used to get errors if I started any other
program while downloading at high speed. Not anymore.
[More text deleted]
--
_____________________________________________________________________________
Tom Huot
huot@cray.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
In article <1993Apr16.195452.21375@urartu.sdpa.org> dbd@urartu.sdpa.org (David Davidian) writes:
>04/16/93 1045 ARMENIA SAYS IT COULD SHOOT DOWN TURKISH PLANES
>
Ermenistan kasiniyor...
Let me translate for everyone else before the public traslation service gets
into it : Armenia is getting itchy.
Esin.
| 17talk.politics.mideast |
In <Apr.20.10.27.01.1993.9195@romulus.rutgers.edu> kaldis@romulus.rutgers.edu (Theodore A. Kaldis) writes:
>In article <15436@optilink.COM> cramer@optilink.COM (Clayton Cramer) writes:
>> [Some chump at Brandeis:]
>>> I mean, how many people actually CARE how many people are gay (as long
>>> as you know how to find/avoid them if you want to)? I don't.
>> If you don't care, why was so much effort put into promoting the
>> 10% lie? Because it was important to scare politicians into
>> obedience.
>I wouldn't worry too much about it, though. We are starting to find
>out how politically impotent homosexuals really are. The Colorado
>boycott has fizzled, Slick Willie was effectively prevented from
>implementing his military policy wrt homosexuals by members of his
>_OWN_ party, this new study casts a large shadow of doubt on their
>claims of large numbers, and coming this Saturday they are going to
>wind up with _TREMENDOUS_ egg on their face when, I submit, no more
>than perhaps 35,000 queers will show up in Washington while they are
>promising crowds in the millions. And most of the ones who will be
>there will look like ACT-UP and Queer Nation, not the guy working in
>the next cubicle. As if that's really going to play in middle
>America.
Sigh. You're absolutely right. We have no political power whatsoever.
Therefore, we should be oppressed and ignored and denigrated, right? I
certainly hope you don't have an SO, sir, because if she heard how
disparaging you are towards political minorities, and if she had any shred
of self-respect, she'd be out the door.
>Pretty soon they will find themselves retreating back into the closet
>where they belong.
Don't count on it, sweetheart.
>--
> The views expressed herein are | Theodore A. Kaldis
> my own only. Do you seriously | kaldis@remus.rutgers.edu
> believe that a major university | {...}!rutgers!remus.rutgers.edu!kaldis
> as this would hold such views??? |
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Certainly not. Most major universities wouldn't touch views that display
the brainpower and the perspective of a mayfly with a ten-foot pole.
Drewcifer
P.S. Incidentally, I think even mayflies could come up with more
enlightenment than the above bullshit. Evolve a bit, will you?
--
----bi Andrew D. Simchik SCHNOPIA!
\ ---- as010b@uhura.cc.rochester.edu TreeWater
\\ /
\/ "Words Weren't Made For Cowards"--Happy Rhodes
| 18talk.politics.misc |
GATEWAY Telepath 9600/9600 FAx/modem for gateway computer
with crosstalk, Winfax Pro 2.01 for windows
Never used.
$170 shipped ($195 from gateway)
Hong
| 6misc.forsale |
prb@access.digex.com (Pat) writes:
>4) we know it's not real close, like slightly extra solar, because
>we have no parallax measurements on the bursts.
Correct, we have no parallax measurements on the bursts.
Therefore, we can't tell whether they're slightly extra solar
or not!
(which means that parallax can't tell us whether or not it's real close.)
--
Phil Fraering |"Seems like every day we find out all sorts of stuff.
pgf@srl02.cacs.usl.edu|Like how the ancient Mayans had televison." Repo Man
| 14sci.space |
I forgot to mention that the stats are for games through 4/20.
Doug
| 9rec.sport.baseball |
Hi everyone,
I just had a quick question.
Does anyone know whether or not the MacIIvx supports the new SCSI-2 form, or
do any Macs support it.
Thanks for reading,
Wes
--
| | | Wes Houghton
|----|----|--------------------------------------------------------------->
| /\ | | internet: whoughto@diana.cair.du.edu
|/ \| | Denver, CO
| 4comp.sys.mac.hardware |
I have a 486 sx 25 and I recently added a SCSI drive to my system using an
Adaptec 1522 (non busmastering) controller. Yesterday I ran coretest to
find out drive performance and these are the values I got
Seagate 106 Meg: 875.1kb/Sec 14.5ms avg seek 3.7ms track to track
Quantum 400 Meg SCSI: 991.2 Kb/sec 12.7 avg seek 3.6 track to track.
First off all are these good results? I don't know what typical values
are.
What I'm wondering now is the following. My swap file is currently on the
IDE. I could move it to the SCSI which is 13% faster, but then I would not
be able to use 32-bit access which might actuall make it slower. So on
which drive should I put my swap file to get best results? Is there a swap
file speed test program out there?
Finally, I also ran the above tests with the ASPI2DOS driver loaded and I
got no difference whatsoever in performance. Is there any reason at all
why I should load this driver?
Thanks in advance, I will post a summary if I get enough responses.
-Eric
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
I am trying to configure Zsoft's PC Paintbrush IV+ for use with my
Logitech Scanman 32 (hand scanner), but I can't get Paintbrush to
acknowledge the scanner. Is there anybody out there using Paintbrush
with a scanner, if so, can you help me out?
Thanks Luis Nobrega
----
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| The File Bank BBS - 619-728-4318 - PCBoard v.14.5a/E10 - USR HST & DS |
| 8 nodes / RIME / Internet / Largest Clipper file collection in the world |
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| 1comp.graphics |
In article <C5vGME.GoA@usenet.ucs.indiana.edu> wwarf@silver.ucs.indiana.edu (Wayne J. Warf) writes:
>In article <C5v9Fv.Krt@news.cso.uiuc.edu> irvine@uxh.cso.uiuc.edu (Brent Irvine) writes:
>>In article <C5uHuo.Awq@usenet.ucs.indiana.edu> wwarf@silver.ucs.indiana.edu (Wayne J. Warf) writes:
>>>In article <nate.1485.735408842@psygate.psych.indiana.edu> nate@psygate.psych.indiana.edu (Nathan Engle) writes:
>>>> Yeah, as information trickles in... funny how that works...
>>>
>>>Funny, yeah, funny how you didn't wait for the FBI spokesdroid
>>>latest reversal of "facts" before proclaiming the BD's burned
>>>themselves to death.
>>
>>If you won't believe anything the government says, and the press
>>is not reliable according to the same logic, then what do you base
>>your statements on? Wild speculation laced with a healthy dose
>>of paranoia?
>
>Are you a moron or just illiterate? The "facts" that the FBI
Neither.
>proclaimed on Monday suddenly weren't "facts" anymore by
>the Tuesday press conference.
You don't have to pay attention to any one source, neither do you
have to abandon your critical thinking, but to disregard all sources
of information as 'lies' and 'distortions' and substitute your own
pet theories is more likely to get you wild untruths than by basing
your theories on the 'facts' as they are reported by the media and
the government.
> There has beed NO evidence of
>anyone setting the fire deliberately you simpleton so
Actually there was evidence of the fire being set deliberately -
both testamony by the survivors and IR tape showing the fire
being set in 3 places AND the petrochemical soot that the fire
was giving off (indications of kerosine or gasoline feeding the
fire).
You might not believe 1 or 2 if you are totally paranoid or very
skeptical, but my 3rd point is visible to anyone who watches the
tapes of the fire and has started a BBQ grill.
>what are YOU basing your statements on? Oh, I forgot, you're
>the guy that doesn't know microwave oven need electricity,
>never mind.
Ho ho ho. I listen to NPR, watch CNN, NBC. I also read the
papers. Where do you get YOURS?
--
<><><><><><><><><><> Personal opinions? Why, <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
<> BRENT IRVINE <> yes. What did you think <> irvine@uxh.cso.uiuc.edu <>
<><><><><><><><><><> they were?....... <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
| 16talk.politics.guns |
In article <20APR93.23565659.0109@VM1.MCGILL.CA> B8HA000 <B8HA@MUSICB.MCGILL.CA> writes:
>In Re:Syria's Expansion, the author writes that the UN thought
>Zionism was Racism and that they were wrong. They were correct
>the first time, Zionism is Racism and thankfully, the McGill Daily
>(the student newspaper at McGill) was proud enough to print an article
>saying so. If you want a copy, send me mail.
>
>Steve
>
I know this paper well, and see it for the exercise in selective morality
and judgement it is. Until such time as it recognizes that *any* religiously
based government is racist, exclusionary and simply built on a philosophy
of "separate but equal" second-class treatment of minorities, it will
continue to be known for its bias. If Jewish nationalism is racism, so is
Islam; anywhere where people are allotted "different rights" according to
race, religion or culture is "racist".
| 17talk.politics.mideast |
Can any body tell me where the most significant bit of the total horizontal
width hides out on the Tseng Labs ET4000 with a 15/16/24 bit dac?
I am trying to use the 640x480x16M mode under unix (so i cant just call int 10h)I have a program which dumps the contents of the card registers under dos, but I
am not sure I trust it for the extended registers of the et4000.
Anyway, the problem is that in this mode, the Horizontal Total Register
(3d4h index0) is apparently set to 0x27, but 3d4h index 1 (the displayed clocks)
is set to 0xEF, so 0x27 is nonsense. A resonable value would be 0x0127 - so is
there a high bit, and if so, where is it?
Also, how does one set the video dot clock to the appropriate frequency ( and
what would be an appropriate frequency?). The documentation isn't really very
clear (tseng.txt from vgadoc2.zip from some ftp site) about this.
My card is a MegaVga/1024 1Mb card. Seems to have a Tseng Labs Bios (ver 8.05 I
think.) Works nicely under dos, and very well under unix (linux) in all the
non-hicolor modes. Great for running X-windows in up to 1152x900x256ni - if your
monitor will take it (only just in my case).
Please email the answer, as I can't read news very often.
Thanks very much,
David
| 3comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware |
In article 29201@athos.rutgers.edu, seanna@bnr.ca (Seanna (S.M.) Watson) writes:
>In article <Apr.14.03.07.38.1993.5420@athos.rutgers.edu> johnsd2@rpi.edu writes:
>>In article 28388@athos.rutgers.edu, jayne@mmalt.guild.org (Jayne Kulikauskas) writes:
>>
>>> This is why the most effective
>>>substance-abuse recovery programs involve meeting peoples' spiritual
>>>needs.
>>
>>You might want to provide some evidence next time you make a claim
>>like this.
>>
>In 12-step programs (like Alcoholics Anonymous), one of the steps
>involves acknowleding a "higher power". AA and other 12-step abuse-
>recovery programs are acknowledged as being among the most effective.
[deletia- and so on]
I seem to have been rather unclear.
What I was asking is this:
Please show me that the most effective substance-absure recovery
programs involve meetinsg peoples' spiritual needs, rather than
merely attempting to fill peoples' spiritual needs as percieved
by the people, A.A, S.R.C. regulars, or snoopy. This will probably
involve defining "spritual needs" (is it not that clear) and
showing that such things exist and how they can be filled.
Annother tack you might take is to say that "fulfilling spiritual
needs" means "acknowledging a "higher power" of some sort, then
show that systems that do require this, work better than otherwise
identical systems that do not. A correlation here would help you,
but as you point out this might just be demonstrating swapping
one crutch for annother. (however, I do feel that religion is
usually a better crutch than alchohol, as it is not usually
poisonous! :) )
I hope with that clarification, my question will be answerable. I actually
did know about the 12 step program, its the question of what it does,
rather than what it tries to do, that makes a difference to me.
---
- Dan Johnson
And God said "Jeeze, this is dull"... and it *WAS* dull. Genesis 0:0
These opinions probably show what I know.
| 15soc.religion.christian |
Hi there,
We are running a 120 node Token ring with Windows 3.1 and Novell 3.11.
Every once in a while, we run into "The Black Screen of Death", a phrase
coined by Robert X. Cringely in a recent InfoWorld column.
Basically, sometimes when you quit Windows, the screen goes black and
you get a nice little flashing cursor in the top left corner of your
screen. Also, sometimes when you exit to DOS, the same effect occurs.
Cringely hints that Microsoft and/or Novell has a patch for Windows'
virtual interrupt controller that may solve this. Neither company
seems to know what I am talking about when I call them.
Has anyone else noticed this phenomenon?
Is there a fix for it?
Any response is welcome.
Peter Sweeney
psweeney@miavx1.acs.muohio.edu
| 2comp.os.ms-windows.misc |
10 month old stereo system for sale. Luxman R-351 receiver, Onkyo TA-RW404
tape deck, and Polk Monitor M4.6 book shelf speakers are for sale. Receiver
has 5 year warranty, and all equipment is in excellent condition. Paid $950
for the system and willing to consider the best offer. Will sell seperate
pieces also if desired. Please send best offer to suraj@cs.jhu.edu.
Speakers: Polk Monitor M4.6 bookshelf speakers
Paid $250 pair. Willing to consider best offer.
Receiver: Luxman R-351 receiver with 5 year (yes 5 years) warranty.
Paid $475. Willing to consider best offer.
Full remote, 2 pairs of speaker connections,
60 watts per channel, but drives like a 150 watts per channel
Has all the standard features, and more.
Tape Deck: Onkyo TA-RW404 tape deck
Paid $275. Willing to consider best offer.
Dual cassette, Dolby B, C, and HX Pro.
Input level control for recording, auto reverse both sides.
Has all standard features.
Send E-mail with best offer to suraj@cs.jhu.edu
-Suraj
| 6misc.forsale |
eliot@stalfos.engr.washington.edu (eliot) writes:
>the subarus all use 180 degree vees in their engines.. :-)
>eliot
Are 180 degree V-6 "Flat-Six" engines???
--
Chintan Amin <The University of Illinois UrbanaChampaign> mail: llama@uiuc.edu
*******SIG UNDER CONSTRUCTION HARD HAT AREA********
| 7rec.autos |
In article <davidkC5uuCr.H1D@netcom.com>, davidk@netcom.com (David Kiviat) write
s:
>88 toyota Camry - Top Of The Line Vehicle
>blue book $10,500
>asking 9,900.
>
>73 k miles
>auto transmission
>
>Has Everything!
>
>owned by a meticulous automoble mechanic
>
>call (408) 425-8203 ask for Bob.
>
>posted for a friend.
>
> *******************************************************************88888
I have a 1991 Toyota Camry Deluxe for sale...
70K miles, power everything, grey, 3 years newer than above for $10K.
All highway miles. Excellent condition...
Rob Fusi
rwf2@lehigh.edu
New Jersey
609-397-2147
ask for Bob Fusi
--
| 6misc.forsale |
hbloom@moose.uvm.edu (*Heather*) writes:
>You can try
>adding a few drops of olive oil into the ear during a shower to soften up
>the wax. Do this for a couple days, then try syringing again. It is also
>safe to point your ear up at the shower head, and allow the water to rinse
>it out.
About six years ago my ears clogged up with wax, probably as a
result of to much headphone use. Anyway, the clinic that cleaned
them out used the following procedure:
1. Inject olive oil into ears.
2. Prevent leakage of oil with cotton.
3. Come back in an hour.
4. Rinse ears with warm vater, forcefully injected
into ear (very strange sensation).
5. Done.
They had special tools to do this, and were evidently quite
familiar with the problem: Very large steel syringe. Special
bowl with cutout for ear to take the grime coming out without
spillage.
>Good Luck
Seconded,
Bjorn R. Bjornsson
brb@falcon.is
| 13sci.med |
In a previous article, eliot@lanmola.engr.washington.edu (eliot) says:
>In article <1r1vofINN871@usenet.pa.dec.com> tomacj@opco.enet.dec.com (THUNDERBIRDS ARE GO !!!) writes:
>> Are there any MR2 owners or motor-head gurus out there, that know why
>>my MR2's engine sounds noisy? The MR2's engine is noisy at the best of times,
>>but not even a nice nose - it's one of those very ugly noises.
>
>assuming yours is a non turbo MR2, the gruffness is characteristic of
>a large inline 4 that doesn't have balance shafts. i guess toyota
>didn't care about "little" details like that when they can brag about
>the mid engine configuration and the flashy styling.
>
>myself, i automatically cross out any car from consideration (or
>recommendation) which has an inline 4 larger than 2 liters and no
>balance shafts.. it is a good rule of thumb to keep in mind if you
>ever want a halfway decent engine.
>
>if the noise really bugs you, there is nothing else that you can do
>except to sell it and get a V6.
>
>
>eliot
nice theory. too bad the MR2's never came with a four cylinder over 2.0
liters. More like 1.6. Or did they? were the nonturbo MR2II's 2.2 or
some such?
I also understand that anyone using balancing shafts on four cylinders, must
pay SAAB a royalty for using their patented design..like Porsche's 3.0 I4...
c ya
DREW
| 7rec.autos |
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