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1980s and 1990s. A Web site made the collection accessible to a world-wide audience in 1997 (http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/agcomdb/docctr.html). With the advent of the 21st Century, the Center embarked on a collaboration with the Isaac Funk Family Library of the University of Illinois Library System. An agriculture libraria... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
includes serials commonly described as journals, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, and others, published regularly on an annual, quarterly or other basis. The research questions under study include: 1. How much periodical literature is in the ACDC collection now and in what kinds of periodicals? 2. What time period i... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
of selected periodicals in the University Library collection, including those identified through a bibliometric analysis. They reviewed all issues and volumes of several periodicals. In most cases, however, they monitored only new or recent issues 10 because of limited time and resources for searching. Second, staff me... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
of all types identified by decade, through July 2006, and reveals a lack of early coverage. To date, only small numbers of documents identified for the collection were produced prior to World War II. The limited number of materials identified by ACDC staff during this time period may be due to several reasons. One is t... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
classified under “International,” a designation for articles that involve more than one country. Table 2. ACDC Articles, by Country Country ACDC Documents by Country USA 11032 International 1246 India 1216 UK 518 Canada 378 Australia 298 The Netherlands 161 South Africa 70 Philippines 53 New Zealand 53 PRIMARY TOPICS A... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
1463 biotechnology 1365 information services 1353 genetic engineering 1291 development issues 1281 radio 1276 farm journals 1273 adoption 1260 consumers 1232 participation 1222 extension programs 1176 14 information sources 1092 food 1091 information issues 1044 public attitude 1028 agricultural development 1025 risk c... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
in the field, we can begin to target the most appropriate sources. Table 6 provides a list of the 45 periodicals with the largest number of citations in the database. Articles from these 45 periodicals represent slightly over one half of the entire ACDC periodical collection. The peer-reviewed titles are listed in bold... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Rural Life 47 South African Journal of Agricultural Extension 47 HortTechnology 47 Indian Journal of Adult Education 43 Rural Libraries 43 Journal of Environmental Education 42 Journal of Food Distribution Research 41 Public Opinion Quarterly 40 Mediaweek (Marketing and Media Decisions, Media Decisions) 39 CCA News (Co... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
disciplines for the periodical literature of agricultural communications and provide helpful directions and guidelines for doing so. The findings reveal a need for a closer examination of the early periodical literature of this field, especially publishing prior to and through the 1800s and the early to mid-1900s. The ... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Agricultural Communications: Changes and Challenges. Ames: Iowa State University Press. Clarke, B. (2003). "Farmers and Scientists: A Case Study in Facilitating Communication." Science Communication 25(2): 198-203. Coghlan, Andy. (November 4, 2000). "BSE Report: How It Went So Horribly Wrong." New Scientist 168(2263): ... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Mary. (2004). "The Flow of Scientific Knowledge from Lab to Lay Public: The Case of Genetically Modified Food." Science Communication 26(1): 44-74. Mody, Bella (ed.). (2003). International and Development Communication: a 21st Century Perspective. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Nganje, W., Schuck, E. C.,... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Impact Factor* Advertising Age: the International Newspaper of Marketing American Demographics / Focus / Advertising Age’s Focus / Promotion / Advertising & Sales Promotion / Advertising Requirements / Advertising Agency 1930Crain Communications, Inc. Popular 36 Social Science $178.50 AgBioForum 1998University of Misso... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Society for Horticultural Science 180 Science $120 Indian Journal of Adult Education 1939J.L. Sachdeva Pub. Scholarly 72 Social Science $40 INTERPAKS Digest Interchange 1983-1996 International Program for Agricultural Knowledge System Popular 12 Science Ceased 23 Journal of Agricultural Education American Association o... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Publications Popular 22 Social Science $149 NACTA Journal National Association of Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture. Journal 1957National Association of Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture Scholarly 75 Science $35 New Agriculture 1918-1952 Miller Publishing Popular 16 Science Ceased Public Opinion Quarterly: Journa... | agriculture_communications.pdf | Agri life sciences |
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350663407 EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LEGISLATION IN INDIA Article · April 2021 CITATIONS 0 READS 47 2 authors, including: Sachin V R Assam Agricultural University 3 PUBLICATIONS 1 CITATION SEE PR... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and systematic reforms made by the Government of India to social justice of all the cultivators. The post-independence agricultural legislation can be broadly classified as follows; (a) Land legislation and reforms, (b) Legislation reforms of input management, (c) Labour laws in agriculture, (d) Legislation on agricult... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
includes labor laws, commercial and environmental laws, etc. The objective of this is to ensure efficient production and smooth distribution of agricultural commodities in the country. The violations do offer penalties, punishments, etc. (www.justia.com). The well-established agricultural legislation system didn’t flas... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and Indian subcontinents (www.britannica.com). Indus Valley Civilization The evolution of Indian agricultural history has its own pace. It came across many great civilizations and dynasties of great rulers. The ancient and the great Indus valley civilization of the Bronze Age on the bank of river Indus was well known f... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
social process of growing food. The little comparative advancement could be found in this era in handling systems of agricultural lands, resources, and activities of the cultivation process i.e., rules and regulations. There found to be a division of cultivation lands i.e., two types of lands found in Rigvedic period v... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
from participation in wars. (https://searchinginhistory.blogspot.com). The well-known book entitled ‘Arthasastra’, which consists of Kautilya's views on management and enhancement of resources of a dynasty for its development. Artashastra has 15 books, in which the 14th chapter of the second book entitled 'Sitadhyaksha... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
that made remarkable reforms in Indian agricultural history. They introduced many new crops, gave tremendous importance to irrigation also like the repair of canals from Yamuna River in the time of Akbar and Shah Jahan built a new canal called ‘Nahr-i-Bihisht’ at Khizrabad (www.academia.edu). The reward goes to Sher Sh... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
For that purpose, following acts were passed by the British government during pre-independence viz., Land 58 Sachin V. R, Prasanta Mishra & Shridevi S. V Impact Factor (JCC): 8.3083 NAAS Rating: 4.13 acquisition act (1894), Indian forest act in 1927, and 1930 Indian sale of goods act. Land Acquisition Act came into for... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and finance' and 'Legislation in co-operative sector' (https://icar.org.in). During the British period i.e., pre-independence period three predominant revenue systems are found viz., Zamindari system, Ryoywari system, and Mahalwari system. Land Legislations and Reforms Zamindari system came into force in 1793 through a... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
was found in Madras, Bombay, some parts of Assam and Coorg provinces. Here, farmers were made as owners of lands. But, it was also the worst system and only means of revenue to East India Company. British brought this system, because in those provinces, where it was introduced were with dry spell lands. Also no such pe... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
systems and these are all just a means or source of income to East India Company. Even with the lack of social justice and welfare of farmers, the contributions were not negligible to the present developments. They also serve as links to the development of modern agricultural legislation since primitive stages of its o... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
made to protect the tenant farmers from the landlords (money lenders). The tenant farmers were losing their properties due to the higher interest rates which made them fall into indebtedness and poverty. Then the common problem was found that the land was a scarce resource. But there was more number of farmers who were... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and started to collect land donated by any state or central government, private sector or any individual to 60 Sachin V. R, Prasanta Mishra & Shridevi S. V Impact Factor (JCC): 8.3083 NAAS Rating: 4.13 distribute to landless. Then the state passed an act called Bhoodan or Gramdan Act, to distribute the collected land l... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
distribution, and marketing of modern input of agriculture. Therefore, the government of India passed some laws to serve the purpose. The Fertilizer Control Order (FCO) came to force on 15th may 1957 even though it was issued in 1937. The main intention was to ensure the availability to farmers at the right time and ri... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
for a season and quantity to be manufactured has been done by the central government. Based on that the process of manufacturing and distribution activities are carried out by each state. The order is renewed by the Central government once every six months, it's called "Essential Commodity Act Allocation Orders”. To en... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Seed Research and Training Centre (NSRTC) established to play the role of the central seed testing lab as well as a referral lab for any court issues in the country. Under this act, there are proper prescriptions regarding the quality parameters of varieties, their labeling. There is even provision for punishments and ... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
is a provision for penalties and punishments in case of any violations. The essence of this act is farmers are excluded. They can save exchange or sell their seeds without any brand names and regulations as applicable to commercial companies or agencies (https://icar.org.in). Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ ... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into India) Order have been passed. It has started with the enforcement of the Insecticides Act in 1968 and Insecticides rules in the 1971 Amendment again done in 2000 and known as Insecticides (Amendment) Act, 2000. Under this act, there is a well established infrastructural ... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
The information that must be there in labels and leaflets are as follows: "(i) name of the product, (ii) chemical composition, (iii) name of the manufacturer, (iv) symptoms of poisoning, (v) first-aid measure, (vi) cautionary statements, (vii) directions concerning usage, (viii) restrictions (if any), (ix) instructions... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
among the factors of production and very essential. This is because of the ability of humans to manage the remaining factors of production efficiently and effectively. As a living and emotional being, labors also affected by many other complex parameters. So they need to be treated with dignity along with necessary saf... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Employees’ Provident Fund and Family Pension Act passed in 1972 and the Payment of Gratuity Act passed in 1972 applicable to workers who work in plantations and orchards The Industrial Disputes Act passed in 1947 applies to labors in commercial agricultural firms The Trade Unions Act passed in 1926 applies to reg... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
in Kerala and Manipur. In the case of UTs, it's not implemented in Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Lakshadweep and Daman, and Diu (https://icar.org.in). The Weights and Measures Act was passed in the year 1976. It is to ensure the use of only standardized, tested, and stamped weights and measures in ... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Marketing Committee) mandis or wholesale markets across 16 states under a common electronic platform. In the first phase, 20 mandis launched across the eight states. Later, the intended goal was achieved i.e., reached 585 APMCs. There are about 7566 APMC mandis that exist across the country. However e-NAM would be a go... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
of India has taken many measures to develop the livestock sector, important among are; The Livestock Improvement Act, Glanders and Farcy Act, and Milk and Milk Product Order. The Livestock Improvement Act was passed in the year 1898. As per this act, measures had been taken to eradicate the defective breeding bulls by ... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
regulations to maintain the quality of dairy products and health safety measures (https://icar.org.in). Legislations of Agricultural Credit and Finance India is dominated by small and marginal farmers. Agriculture demands some investments to carryout crop cultivation but they are resource-poor. For them, finance is alw... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
all over the nation (https://icar.org.in). Some other acts governing this cooperative sector are as follows; “(i) Multi-unit Co-operative Societies Act passed in 1942 to govern multi-state cooperatives activities (ii) National Co-operative Development Corporation (NCDC) Act came in 1962 by replacing the National Cooper... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
everyone to take needful advantage of them whenever the situation demands. REFERENCES 1. Barba, M., & James, D. (2017). Quarantine and certification for viroids and viroid diseases. In Viroids and satellites (pp. 415424). Academic Press. 2. http://dialogue.hubpages.com/hub/Zamindari-System accessed on 25th October 2019... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
(India)." Int J Agric Sci Res 5 (2015): 23-27. 24. Patel, Thaneswer, et al. "Socio-economic and environmental changes with transition from shifting to settled cultivation in North-Eastern India: an ergonomics perspective." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research 3.2 (2013): 117-136. 25. Subbireddy, K... | agriculture_laws.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development Rural Development Division, Sustainable Development Department FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2005 Guidelines from the Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development – Farming Systems Evolution Project Rural... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
be no viable rural development if rural people, and especially the poor, have no voice in the design of policies and institutions that affect them. This manual describes an approach that will help give them a voice. It shows how to involve the poor and disadvantaged, along with a range of other stakeholders, in designi... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
they themselves had set. Their policy recommendations encompassed a whole range of topics: from enhancing the competitiveness of agricultural products to focusing agricultural research and improving extension services, and from regulating the use of roads by heavy vehicles to conducting literacy campaigns. These recomm... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Traoré, Seydou Coulibaly, Gessira Samoura and Yacouba Berthé of Sikasso, Mali. • Rudolfo Undan, Patricio Faylon, Schubert Ciencia, Lito Tambalo, Justo Canare, Sesinado Dela Cruz, Serafin Santos, Joe Torres, Felix Dulay, and Diosdado Gagarin, Philippines. National teams participated in the planning and implementation of... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Ester Zulberti, Dominique di Biase, Kazumasa Watanabe, Jan Johnson, David Kahan, Randy Stringer, Doyle Baker and Monica Zurek; Ian Cherrett, Pamela Pozarny and Wim Polman (FAO officers in Latin America and the Caribbean, West Africa, and Asia and the Pacific, respectively). The FAO representatives in each country, Comp... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
13 Policy action matrix 48 14 Writeshops 49 15 Project logical framework analysis 51 Part 4 Resources 53 SARD and SARD-FSE 53 How to organize 53 Diagnosis of territories and farming systems 54 Policy and institutional issues 54 Decision-support tools 54 1 Introduction Participatory policy development for sustainable ag... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
stakeholders themselves). The partners followed broad common guidelines for the steps in the process, but experimented with and developed their own procedures. The capacity building occurred through key activities such as making institutional arrangements, field implementation and comparative analysis at critical stage... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
as well as on other sources. It presents them as a series of steps and a set of tools that you can follow to conduct your own participatory policy planning exercise. 2 Introduction Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development The manual is divided into four Parts. • Part 1 introduc... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
for sustainable agriculture and rural development, but there is no reason that it cannot be adapted for other situations. For example, urban planners may want to use a similar set of procedures to encourage local participation in planning the provision of water, sewerage and other services. The manual also describes a ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
countries in 1989 (Box 1). “Agriculture” is defined broadly to include production, conservation, processing and marketing of crops, livestock, forestry and fisheries products. “Rural development” is understood as a process of transformation of the rural areas. It encompasses a wide scope of activities and actions by va... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg, 2002) reaffirmed the relevance and the urgent need to continue the implementation of this action programme. Box 1. Definition of sustainable agriculture and rural development Sustainable agriculture and rural development is “the management and conservation of the n... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
aspirations, etc, in driving this analysis since it is generally neglected. Each pillar has at least two specific objectives: • Economic – To improve competitiveness and to promote economic growth. To be viable, farm and other non-farm economic activities have to be profitable. Farmers and rural workers need to use loc... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
sustainable agriculture and rural development requires an approach that is participatory, holistic, interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral and gender-sensitive: • Participatory and bottom-up – Involving and building ownership among local people and stakeholders in the public, private, and non-government sectors. Though the ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
products and, v) finance and investment. • People – The human resources (human capital) of rural areas (and people in cities who interact with them): their skills, knowledge, wants, needs, values, and interactions and networks (social capital). “People” include men and women, children and the elderly, the rich and powe... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
of markets for produce, inputs, land, capital, etc.; the transaction costs involved, and who sets prices, what standards are set by the market and consumers, and whether farmers and other producers have the market facilities (transport, storage) and standards to meet them. • Finance and investment – This involves how r... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
The structure and funding of these organizations, the types of services they provide, their personnel, how they interact with their clients, their capacity and responsiveness – all these may be subject to control or influence by government or donors. With the right approach, rural people may also be able to influence t... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
create valuable opportunities for learning from each other. Different organizations have different roles and strengths; partnerships should build on these. Table 1 shows how the components and interventions described above can be related to each other. The specific combination of actions in each cell (technical assista... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
set their goals, and then determine what changes in policies are needed to achieve those goals. The process involves a broad range of stakeholders at all stages. Because of this, it stands a good chance of producing recommendations that are realistic and acceptable to all involved. Involving policymakers and other acto... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
research, extension, input and business services For indigenous knowledge, good agricultural practices, technology development, diversification, production services For germplasm efficient use of labour, soil, water, energy, livestock, integrated pest management, processing, tourism, environmental service payments Amon... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
policy changes The examples used to illustrate the steps come from Honduras, Mali and the Philippines. They are taken from case studies conducted by the SARD-FSE project in these countries. There is no one “right” way to do participatory policy development. Adapt the procedure described here to suit your own situation ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
process as necessary if you want to use it in these sectors. FIGURE 2 Steps in the participatory policy development process 10 Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development Part 2 How to do participatory policy development How much time will it take to run through the process? That ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
the responsibility for carrying out the participatory policy analysis process to a specific governmental institution or other partner. This can be a university, an NGO, a private firm, etc. This manual is primarily directed to them. 1 GET ORGANIZED It is important to be well organized in order to conduct an effective p... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
the time and effort needed. 1a Form a core team and decide on responsibilities The core team will consist of a relatively small group which manages and implements the policy development process. How many people depend on the scale of the task. For a small region or limited scope of work, three or four people will be en... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
to bring in short-term consultants to strengthen the team in particular areas, such as environment, facilitation or communication. The team must be neutral and open to ideas – and the various groups of stakeholders must see them as such. Choose team members who are objective, open, and able to work well together. Make ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Research and development organizations – universities, national research institutes, extension organizations. • International organizations – international agricultural research institutions, UN agencies, international NGOs, donors. How big should the steering committee be? Here are two options: • A small number of hig... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
with several partner organizations in the study areas. For example, you may want to ask a local NGO to help organize meetings with villagers in the area. Or you may need staff of a local government unit to help gather data. If you are working in a minority area, your partners should include representatives of the minor... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
(Step 2). Table 2 shows some examples of stakeholder categories and organizations at each level. Adapt it as necessary to suit your own situation. 1e Decide on your approach Early on, you should decide how you are going to set about managing the process of participatory policy development. You need to decide: • Who sho... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and capable support staff (see Step 1a) 13 Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development Part 2 How to do participatory policy development • Facilities – Office space, computers, vehicles, etc. • Information – Access to relevant data and information: for example, production and trad... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Small firms Input retailers Millers Traders Veterinarians Research, extension, education National research institute Extension agency Universities Universities Local extension service Development projects Agricultural schools Extension agents TABLE 2 Examples of stakeholders at national, regional and farming system lev... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
districts or villages should you choose to gather information? Here are some criteria to help you decide. • Poverty and food security – Prevalence of poverty or food insecurity in a region; poverty reduction strategies, and how they affect the farming system and local people; self-sufficiency in major staple foods. • L... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
(such as watershed protection). Economic potential of the region or commodity. Overall importance of the system for rural and urban economic development (employment, income, foreign exchange generation, etc.). Suggested procedure The procedure below is an example applied to a particular farming system that the study sp... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
theme) you have chosen. It may be difficult for various reasons: lack of time or money, remoteness, lack of information, or security problems in a particular area. Make sure that you can overcome these problems before deciding on a particular area. However, do not fall into the trap of studying a particular region or t... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
of some potential stakeholders. It is the poor, disadvantaged and vulnerable who have the fewest chances to make their voices heard. Put extra effort into getting the views of the poor, women, youths, and indigenous people. How to get their views? Here are some options on how to proceed (see also Box 2): • Support from... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
easy for them to attend. • Focus groups – Hold a series of focus group meetings with representatives of each stakeholder group. • Interviews – Interview individuals or small groups of key informants. Prepare a guide to make sure you (and other interviewers) remember to ask all the right questions. • Secondary informati... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
measure social cohesion (“community and family togetherness, peace and harmony in the agricultural and rural sectors”), you might need data on the number of households headed by single women, permanent outmigration by men or women, the frequency of conflicts over land Box 3. Goals in Honduras, Mali and the Philippines ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
crimes, etc. To measure the empowerment of rural people, key indicators might be the frequency of consultations between local government and stakeholder groups, land tenure data, data on investment from local initiatives, etc. Select these indicators in a participatory way, perhaps by brainstorming or through a stakeho... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
to explain. • Relevant to policy and institutional analysis and action: it should be possible to draw useful conclusions from them. • Reliable – they must reflect what they are supposed to measure, and the data must be more or less accurate (though don’t expect them to be free of errors!). • Available – there is no poi... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
for sustainable agriculture and rural development Part 2 How to do participatory policy development 3c Analyse the national situation You will need to link the analysis of the local situation with a review of the “bigger picture” of the problem at national and regional level, before “zooming in” on the focus area. Envi... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
orgs Credit & interest rates Subsidies to production and market Population growth rates Low dependency ratio Migration rates % of landless Availability of technology on water resources management Watershed condition (status & trend) Water quantity and quality (irrigation) Major risks from natural disasters Climate and ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
system sustainable development strategies Source & investment in R&D & other development activities at farming system level TABLE 4 Key indicators used in the SARD-FSE study in the Philippines 19 Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development Part 2 How to do participatory policy dev... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
to compare the national context with the situation in neighbouring countries. 3d Analyse the regional situation Once you have understood the national situation, you can focus on your selected region. Again, you can do this by gathering information from different sources, then convening a workshop of stakeholders to dis... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Household assets and priorities. • Land tenure, land use and distribution. • Agricultural, livestock, fishery and forestry practices, management and performance. • Food security at the household level, including human nutrition issues. 20 Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural developmen... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
other sectors (e.g., industry, tourism, services), animal well-being. • Environment – status and management of renewable and non-renewable natural resources: water (quality and amount), soil fertility and erosion, biodiversity (wild and domesticated, animal and plant), air (quality, climate change), energy (consumption... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
type of production. • Operational – farm practices, animal management and forestry techniques, use of inputs and management levels, land management, etc. • Functional – use of products and processing, proportion of production sold, market location (local, distant, exported), yield and profits, use of credit, amount of ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
for up-scaling because it improves the yield, viability and sustainability of the maize-bean system. Political-institutional – Handicrafts are a competitive option for export development. Local people are excited about participating in the government’s decentralization process, and this augurs well for local ownership ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
1997 and drought in 1999, and erratic rainfall. These have damaged coffee, livestock, food crops, roads and bridges, and basic social and family infrastructure, costing millions of dollars in direct and indirect effects. The high level of slash-and-burn agriculture and accompanying deforestation, with population pressu... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
and failures), and their favourable or unfavourable impacts. It is important to discover the types of changes that have occurred, how they came about, or who made the key decisions and made the change possible, what elements facilitated the changes (e.g., education, extension services, shocks or emergencies), and what ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
of a point in time, from 10 to 25 years into the future. What will the area look like then, given “business-as-usual”? What will the agricultural production system be like? How about the society and economy? You can then ask stakeholders to think of a more desirable situation for the same point in the future. This opti... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Cultural and social • Inter-household and community organization, cultural/indigenous values and norms, religious beliefs, concepts of wealth, gender issues, demographics, migration, class structure, etc. Political, institutional and public goods • Policies – fiscal and monetary, trade and exchange rate, labour and emp... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
to recommend changes in national policies based on the analysis of a single district or farming system. So consider recommendations at a lower level – for example, changes the regional government can make. Below is a suggested procedure to develop and prioritize a series of policy recommendations. You can do this throu... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
current trends will continue. Sustainable agriculture and rural development is a matter of serious concern. An ecological crisis is very likely in the short run because there is a need for immediate activities to protect and restore the natural resource base, and need for a reduction of the policy priority granted to c... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development Part 2 How to do participatory policy development FAO experience has demonstrated that progress towards sustainable agriculture and rural development almost everywhere requires certain common prerequisites (Box 8). Try to have the worksh... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
for progress towards sustainable agriculture and rural development Approaches and actions • Involve rural communities, and different stakeholder groups, as leaders and stakeholders in decision making. • Develop partnerships, timely and transparent information flows, and networking links among civil society, public and ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
proverty reduction in rural areas. 5a Identify and prioritize strategic objectives Ask the stakeholders to identify strategic ways to steer the local area or farming system towards the optimistic scenario. You may have done this already as part of Step 4c. If not, use brainstorming to generate a list of strategic objec... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
Improve trade and market linkages 3 Strengthen people’s organizations 4 Strengthen extension and farmer education 5 TABLE 6 Strategic objectives and priorities from the Philippines SARD-FSE study 5b Identify specific objectives Select the top-priority objective, and ask participants to suggest specific objectives that ... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
policies are unfavourable or neutral, it is likely that these gaps will be large. But even if the policies are favourable, there are still likely to be gaps. Ask the participants to identify these. 28 Participatory policy development for sustainable agriculture and rural development Part 2 How to do participatory polic... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
stakeholders, and possibly adjusted. Two groups are particularly important: • Local stakeholders. Make sure that you keep them informed, and make sure they agree with what you say they said! Do not be surprised if they ask for more information and support to involve and mobilize more participation at grassroots levels.... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
research at the regional level On-site testing of suitable varieties and crop species Limited to national thrusts programme Policy on credit with lower interest Alternative sources of irrigation water Recommendations Allocate more resources to regional breeding centre Localize testing of appropriate varieties and crops... | rural_policy.pdf | Agri life sciences |
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