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Xenon is used in light @-@ emitting devices called xenon flash lamps , which are used in photographic flashes and stroboscopic lamps ; to excite the active medium in lasers which then generate coherent light ; and , occasionally , in bactericidal lamps . The first solid @-@ state laser , invented in 1960 , was pumped ... | 365b580b7af2e553548fa70d354682f6 | 19,383 |
Continuous , short @-@ arc , high pressure xenon arc lamps have a color temperature closely approximating noon sunlight and are used in solar simulators . That is , the chromaticity of these lamps closely approximates a heated black body radiator that has a temperature close to that observed from the Sun . After they ... | 4e3e27c10813d45a06928e5f209acdc5 | 19,384 |
The individual cells in a plasma display use a mixture of xenon and neon that is converted into a plasma using electrodes . The interaction of this plasma with the electrodes generates ultraviolet photons , which then excite the phosphor coating on the front of the display .
| 353da95cb9b53966d2b4f5625b44c498 | 19,385 |
Xenon is used as a " starter gas " in high pressure sodium lamps . It has the lowest thermal conductivity and lowest ionization potential of all the non @-@ radioactive noble gases . As a noble gas , it does not interfere with the chemical reactions occurring in the operating lamp . The low thermal conductivity minimi... | 5cae9b52bf5815f8327b7f01bbf4a52e | 19,386 |
= = = = Lasers = = = =
| a56b6946e4ad0cafabf189e3a20c4c2a | 19,388 |
In 1962 , a group of researchers at Bell Laboratories discovered laser action in xenon , and later found that the laser gain was improved by adding helium to the lasing medium . The first excimer laser used a xenon dimer ( Xe2 ) energized by a beam of electrons to produce stimulated emission at an ultraviolet waveleng... | e44ef8c35d0c8e5be224e03822719e69 | 19,390 |
= = = Medical = = =
| d6b130c118376edf5b12bca49d4b9e6c | 19,392 |
= = = = Anesthesia = = = =
| cbb055c76244970e5f1c4d7357679f62 | 19,395 |
Xenon has been used as a general anesthetic . Although it is expensive , anesthesia machines that can deliver xenon are about to appear on the European market , because advances in recovery and recycling of xenon have made it economically viable .
| b52b1f8662deb7016213f4556d8af002 | 19,397 |
Xenon interacts with many different receptors and ion channels and like many theoretically multi @-@ modal inhalation anesthetics these interactions are likely complementary . Xenon is a high @-@ affinity glycine @-@ site NMDA receptor antagonist . However , xenon distinguishes itself from other clinically used NMDA r... | cb66187589a657af930aae179428c1c4 | 19,398 |
Xenon is a competitive inhibitor of the serotonin 5 @-@ HT3 receptor . While neither anesthetic nor antinociceptive this activity reduces anesthesia @-@ emergent nausea and vomiting .
| 3c01a0fe871ed38c294e4d25f3525c3f | 19,399 |
Xenon has a minimum alveolar concentration ( MAC ) of 72 % at age 40 , making it 44 % more potent than N2O as an anesthetic . Thus it can be used in concentrations with oxygen that have a lower risk of hypoxia . Unlike nitrous oxide ( N2O ) , xenon is not a greenhouse gas and so it is also viewed as environmentally fr... | 1759a0e5c842d7330cbbc4721dba7556 | 19,400 |
= = = = Neuroprotectant = = = =
| 6f5d11d2a24c83c24f0d6bb8dd6d59c1 | 19,402 |
Xenon induces robust cardioprotection and neuroprotection through a variety of mechanisms of action . Through its influence on Ca2 + , K + , KATP \ HIF and NMDA antagonism xenon is neuroprotective when administered before , during and after ischemic insults . Xenon is a high affinity antagonist at the NMDA receptor gl... | e8dd0cce28bde87c6c4506d731b5c430 | 19,404 |
Xenon gas was added as an ingredient of the ventilation mix for a newborn baby at St. Michael 's Hospital , Bristol , England , whose life chances were otherwise very compromised , and was successful , leading to the authorisation of clinical trials for similar cases . The treatment is done simultaneously with cooling... | d8947ee9cb921266104ae12b114ac5ae | 19,405 |
= = = = Doping = = = =
| 48d24d91dbf342b5d9ebe5aea1af885f | 19,407 |
Inhaling a xenon / oxygen mixture activates production of the transcription factor HIF @-@ 1 @-@ alpha , which leads to increased production of erythropoietin . The latter hormone is known to increase red blood cell production and athletes ' performance . Xenon inhalation has been used for this purpose in Russia since... | ed42f19b6f978584771a37f790562901 | 19,409 |
= = = = Imaging = = = =
| fdcb8e6f04d3240996ed4b615b675846 | 19,411 |
Gamma emission from the radioisotope 133Xe of xenon can be used to image the heart , lungs , and brain , for example , by means of single photon emission computed tomography . 133Xe has also been used to measure blood flow .
| 64fef0c448785c628d40dd90f3ca1b97 | 19,413 |
Xenon , particularly hyperpolarized 129Xe , is a useful contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) . In the gas phase , it can be used to image empty space such as cavities in a porous sample or alveoli in lungs . Hyperpolarization renders 129Xe much more detectable via magnetic resonance imaging and has be... | 26dda7aeeb6b1c507813ac03c9cf383c | 19,414 |
= = = NMR spectroscopy = = =
| 4b7353b5363f17dd2a47f0cadd7a40aa | 19,416 |
Because of the xenon atom 's large , flexible outer electron shell , the NMR spectrum changes in response to surrounding conditions , and can therefore be used as a probe to measure the chemical circumstances around it . For instance xenon dissolved in water , xenon dissolved in hydrophobic solvent , and xenon associa... | 83ae7d0d797bb91704a347758bb36764 | 19,418 |
Hyperpolarized xenon can be used by surface chemists . Normally , it is difficult to characterize surfaces using NMR , because signals from the surface of a sample will be overwhelmed by signals from the far @-@ more @-@ numerous atomic nuclei in the bulk . However , nuclear spins on solid surfaces can be selectively ... | 75dd7c489d0cb3ee9400b394ccd5fee0 | 19,419 |
= = = Other = = =
| 4ea09ec5601f133675d1995ee2ab494e | 19,421 |
In nuclear energy applications , xenon is used in bubble chambers , probes , and in other areas where a high molecular weight and inert nature is desirable . A by @-@ product of nuclear weapon testing is the release of radioactive xenon @-@ 133 and xenon @-@ 135 . The detection of these isotopes is used to monitor com... | 1259cd78b3230d49000c95adf57af58e | 19,423 |
Liquid xenon is being used in calorimeters for measurements of gamma rays as well as a medium for detecting hypothetical weakly interacting massive particles , or WIMPs . When a WIMP collides with a xenon nucleus , it is predicted to impart enough energy to cause ionization and scintillation . Liquid xenon is useful f... | 52a495b2b2c325c9557b6bbe931d2a82 | 19,424 |
Xenon is the preferred propellant for ion propulsion of spacecraft because of its low ionization potential per atomic weight , and its ability to be stored as a liquid at near room temperature ( under high pressure ) yet be easily converted back into a gas to feed the engine . The inert nature of xenon makes it enviro... | 23be8478343c63814725bd3af3406769 | 19,425 |
Chemically , the perxenate compounds are used as oxidizing agents in analytical chemistry . Xenon difluoride is used as an etchant for silicon , particularly in the production of microelectromechanical systems ( MEMS ) . The anticancer drug 5 @-@ fluorouracil can be produced by reacting xenon difluoride with uracil . ... | 3545469eb35931e2f00758a1ec5395e4 | 19,426 |
= = Precautions = =
| a1de7e96ead77217add8903c9b1c64b3 | 19,428 |
Many oxygen @-@ containing xenon compounds are toxic due to their strong oxidative properties , and explosive due to their tendency to break down into elemental xenon plus diatomic oxygen ( O2 ) , which contains much stronger chemical bonds than the xenon compounds .
| 521c25626ce417219a8d8c9897527975 | 19,430 |
Xenon gas can be safely kept in normal sealed glass or metal containers at standard temperature and pressure . However , it readily dissolves in most plastics and rubber , and will gradually escape from a container sealed with such materials . Xenon is non @-@ toxic , although it does dissolve in blood and belongs to ... | 37d1611121accce5f72747ae4c5c299e | 19,431 |
At 169 m / s , the speed of sound in xenon gas is lower than that in air due to the lower average speed of the heavy xenon atoms compared to nitrogen and oxygen molecules . Hence , xenon lowers the rate of vibration in the vocal tract when exhaled . This produces a characteristic lowered voice timbre , an effect oppos... | 40a0953bb450fc1d1637347ad72992a4 | 19,432 |
It is possible to safely breathe dense gases such as xenon or sulfur hexafluoride when they are in a mixture of at least 20 % oxygen . Xenon at 80 % concentration along with 20 % oxygen rapidly produces the unconsciousness of general anesthesia ( and has been used for this , as discussed above ) . Breathing mixes gase... | 0a9708741fbb875142ac5ff9e188b93f | 19,433 |
= Eva Perón =
| fcba2bf101f1c1068fe6cf0bde969fe5 | 19,436 |
María Eva Duarte de Perón ( 7 May 1919 – 26 July 1952 ) was the second wife of Argentine President Juan Perón ( 1895 – 1974 ) and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952 . She is usually referred to as Eva Perón ( Spanish : [ ˈeβa peˈɾon ] ) , or by the affectionate Spanish language dim... | d725c1c30c73e5aa3edf0906090e5637 | 19,438 |
She was born in the rural village of Los Toldos , in the Pampas , as the youngest of five children . At 15 in 1934 , she moved to the nation 's capital of Buenos Aires to pursue a career as a stage , radio , and film actress . She met Colonel Juan Perón there on 22 January 1944 during a charity event at the Luna Park ... | 79b8f9dbe36e41cc4ba8cef324f70dc3 | 19,439 |
In 1951 , Eva Perón announced her candidacy for the Peronist nomination for the office of Vice President of Argentina , receiving great support from the Peronist political base , low @-@ income and working @-@ class Argentines who were referred to as descamisados or " shirtless ones " . However , opposition from the n... | 6aa05f81f1528a3b8fd3976bebb4f04a | 19,440 |
Eva Perón has become a part of international popular culture , most famously as the subject of the musical Evita ( 1976 ) . Cristina Álvarez Rodríguez , Evita 's great @-@ niece , claims that Evita has never left the collective consciousness of Argentines . Cristina Fernández de Kirchner , the first elected female Pre... | 82833c328fbc79f3ab85b93d1c03cb12 | 19,441 |
= = Early life = =
| b536b642460eb47d0633950c6043cf5f | 19,443 |
= = = Early childhood = = =
| ca572e0b59dbd6caaed0e20496c18f64 | 19,446 |
Eva 's autobiography , La Razón de mi Vida , contains no dates or references to childhood occurrences , and does not list the location of her birth or her name at birth . According to Junín 's civil registry , a birth certificate shows that one María Eva Duarte was born on 7 May 1922 . Her baptismal certificate , howe... | 6b442b209244830e7c2f746a1b00479b | 19,448 |
Eva Perón spent her childhood in Junín , Buenos Aires province . Her father , Juan Duarte , was descended from French Basque immigrants , meanwhile her mother Juana Ibarguren , was descended from Spanish Basque immigrants . Juan Duarte , a wealthy rancher from nearby Chivilcoy , already had a wife and family there . A... | 15fd81df537a02c72d0402760d25ce36 | 19,449 |
When Eva was a year old , Duarte returned permanently to his legal family , leaving Juana Ibarguren and her children in penury . Ibarguren and her children were forced to move to the poorest area of Junín . Los Toldos was a village in the dusty region of Las Pampas , with a reputation as a desolate place of abject pov... | 7014a71ec47335877d6bb31cfd34a4d3 | 19,450 |
When Duarte suddenly died and his mistress and their children sought to attend his funeral , there was an unpleasant scene at the church gates . Although Juana and the children were permitted to enter and pay their respects to Duarte , they were promptly directed out of the church . Mrs. Juan Duarte did not want her h... | e6386c32f5b654d76821d5599a7cb833 | 19,451 |
= = = Junín = = =
| f4b5068e45b8136493e4c939c6af3ce3 | 19,453 |
Prior to abandoning Juana Ibarguren , Juan Duarte had been her sole means of support . Biographer , John Barnes , writes that after this abandonment , all Duarte left to the family was a document declaring that the children were his , thus enabling them to use the Duarte surname . Soon after , Juana moved her children... | 67dba624032703706177adb039b5dd2c | 19,455 |
Eventually , owing to Eva 's older brother 's financial help , the family moved into a bigger house , which they later transformed into a boarding house . During this time , young Eva often participated in school plays and concerts . One of her favorite pastimes was the cinema . Though Eva 's mother apparently had a f... | a005562566bf85799d9bfbd40c8e3618 | 19,456 |
= = = Move to Buenos Aires = = =
| a37d57a8455b501ba2858054e5565828 | 19,458 |
In her autobiography , she explained that all the people from her own town who had been to the big cities described them as " marvelous places , where nothing was given but wealth " . In 1934 , at the age of 15 , Eva escaped her poverty @-@ stricken village when , according to popular myth , she ran off with a young m... | 8ff7e96ed9bfd03142cd49b36ca8943b | 19,460 |
It is often reported that Eva traveled to Buenos Aires by train with tango singer Agustín Magaldi . However , biographers Marysa Navarro and Nicholas Fraser maintain that this is unlikely , as there is no record of the married Magaldi performing in Junín in 1934 ( and , even if he had , he usually traveled with his wi... | 5f6c1d71b1da10a7f7174119858ec46d | 19,461 |
Buenos Aires in the 1930s was known as the " Paris of South America " . The center of the city had many cafés , restaurants , theaters , movie houses , shops and bustling crowds . In direct contrast , the 1930s were also years of great unemployment , poverty and hunger in the capital , and many new arrivals from the i... | 3607980be7426e20f339436eec1ceb21 | 19,462 |
Upon arrival in Buenos Aires , Eva Duarte was faced with the difficulties of surviving without formal education or connections . The city was especially overcrowded during this period because of the migrations caused by the Great Depression . On 28 March 1935 , she had her professional debut in the play Mrs. Perez ( l... | 23902ff1d5c6171a69173d39ebe50886 | 19,463 |
In 1936 , Eva toured nationally with a theater company , worked as a model , and was cast in a few B @-@ grade movie melodramas . In 1942 , Eva experienced some economic stability when a company called Candilejas ( sponsored by a soap manufacturer ) hired her for a daily role in one of their radio dramas called Muy bi... | d375829e70a9bd838b1e5fe67cbe8a88 | 19,464 |
As a result of her success with radio dramas and the films , Eva achieved some financial stability . In 1942 , she was able to move into her own apartment in the exclusive neighborhood of Recoleta , on 1567 Calle Posadas . The next year Eva began her career in politics , as one of the founders of the Argentine Radio S... | fdbf20052e32c70b97ff021fa4837910 | 19,465 |
= = Early relationship with Juan Perón = =
| 651e4adc07bb60964da7f5d1a2476663 | 19,467 |
On 15 January 1944 , an earthquake occurred in the town of San Juan , Argentina , killing some 10 @,@ 000 people . In response , Perón , who was then the Secretary of Labour , established a fund to raise money to aid the victims . He devised a plan to have an " artistic festival " as a fundraiser , and invited radio a... | ee902e057b28b6eb9acd162145967bc7 | 19,469 |
Fraser and Navarro claim that Eva Duarte had no knowledge of or interest in politics prior to meeting Perón . Therefore , she never argued with Perón or any of his inner circle , but merely absorbed what she heard . Juan Perón later claimed in his memoir that he purposefully selected Eva as his pupil , and set out to ... | 67d27c5dfb4fbe039c033b7fb2db55a8 | 19,470 |
In May 1944 , it was announced that broadcast performers must organize themselves into a union , and that this union would be the only one permitted to operate in Argentina . Shortly after the union formed , Eva Duarte was elected its president . Fraser and Navarro speculate that Juan Perón made the suggestion that pe... | 283436cd4a841563ba29963801a63f5c | 19,471 |
= = Rise to power = =
| bbfa2ad3258149f083506c896e387b22 | 19,473 |
= = = Juan Perón 's arrest = = =
| f9c22369ee635fdcd6f07f1ade836709 | 19,476 |
By early 1945 , a group of Army officers called the GOU for " Grupo de Oficiales Unidos " ( United Officers Group ) , nicknamed " The Colonels " , had gained considerable influence within the Argentine government . President Pedro Pablo Ramírez became wary of Juan Perón 's growing power within the government , but was... | 9b2f0f64d91aee7626565dfe81aee6fb | 19,478 |
Six days later , between 250 @,@ 000 and 350 @,@ 000 people gathered in front of the Casa Rosada , Argentina 's government house , to demand Juan Perón 's release , and their wish was granted . At 11 pm , Juan Perón stepped on to the balcony of the Casa Rosada and addressed the crowd . Biographer Robert D. Crassweller... | 626cb22921066d006a09140e8f431b0e | 19,479 |
= = = 1946 Presidential election victory = = =
| 9ac61dbb08a35f0b910f0c91a3acce4a | 19,481 |
After his release from prison , Juan Perón decided to campaign for the presidency of the nation , which he won in a landslide . Eva campaigned heavily for her husband during his 1946 presidential bid . Using her weekly radio show , she delivered powerful speeches with heavy populist rhetoric urging the poor to align t... | 11759c42c27d55b0634ffb99fa8645eb | 19,483 |
Along with her husband , Eva visited every corner of the country , becoming the first woman in Argentina 's history to appear in public on the campaign trail with her husband . Eva 's appearance alongside her husband often offended the establishment of the wealthy , the military , and those in political life . However... | 517f66e0f5db28efc267f16f1b2b589f | 19,484 |
= = European tour = =
| 5cca44d2ba446caf3be7d66a4edf1393 | 19,486 |
In 1947 , Eva embarked on a much @-@ publicized " Rainbow Tour " of Europe , meeting with numerous dignitaries and heads of state , such as Francisco Franco and Pope Pius XII . Biographers Fraser and Navarro write that the tour had its genesis in an invitation the Spanish leader had extended to Juan Perón . For politi... | 114b8eb24e5952fd83231fbf1893a8f4 | 19,488 |
Eva was well received in Spain , where she visited the tombs of Spanish monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella in the Capilla Real de Granada . Francoist Spain had not recovered from the Spanish Civil War ( the autarkic economy and the UN embargo meant that the country could not feed its people ) . During her visit to Spain ... | 38a0ac15925537727011e693b6bc7f92 | 19,489 |
Eva then visited Rome , where the reception was not as warm as it had been in Spain . Though Pope Pius XII did not give her a Papal decoration , she was allowed the time usually allotted queens and was given a rosary .
| 39b923f55b76bad892cfd4b76f7150cf | 19,490 |
Her next stop was France , where she was generally well received . She visited the Palace of Versailles , among other sites . She also met with Charles de Gaulle . She promised France two shipments of wheat .
| aea3f91e9b214667df4c2aee16cc24c6 | 19,491 |
While in France , Eva received word that George VI would not receive her when she planned to visit Britain , regardless of what his Foreign Office might advise , and that her visit would not be viewed as a state visit . Fraser and Navarro wrote that Eva regarded the royal family 's refusal to meet her as a snub , and ... | 000b7b293e2b547231bbfd9c82de2c3d | 19,492 |
Eva also visited Switzerland during her European tour , a visit that has been viewed as the worst part of the trip . According to the book Evita : A Biography by John Barnes , while she traveled down a street with many people crowding her car , someone threw two stones and smashed the windshield . She threw her hands ... | f8760c0846a3a5fca5a0a3b10de2960b | 19,493 |
Members of the Peronist opposition speculated that the true purpose of the European tour was to deposit funds in a Swiss bank account . " The opposition in Buenos Aires " , write Fraser and Navarro , " assumed that the genuine purpose of the whole European visit was for Eva and her husband to deposit money in Swiss ba... | 4f38e833f20ac80551dadd6197bd7260 | 19,494 |
During her tour to Europe , Eva Perón was featured in a cover story for Time magazine . The cover 's caption – " Eva Perón : Between two worlds , an Argentine rainbow " – was a reference to the name given to Eva 's European tour , The Rainbow Tour . This was the only time in the periodical 's history that a South Amer... | 480c62a28225068e909f1bb84c8bd59a | 19,495 |
After returning to Argentina from Europe , Evita never again appeared in public with the complicated hairdos of her movie star days . The brilliant gold color became more subdued in tone , and even the style changed , her hair being pulled back severely into a heavy braided chignon . Additionally , her extravagant clo... | 9984fcb0bb67f1aad0eedde530f774cc | 19,496 |
= = Charitable and feminist activities = =
| 1d4411ec6da2080cabc1a92c6e629d75 | 19,498 |
= = = Eva Foundation = = =
| e2ef035ae62256687b2ce5babb7b4490 | 19,501 |
The Sociedad de Beneficencia ( Society of Beneficence ) , a charity group made up of 87 society ladies , was responsible for most charity works in Buenos Aires prior to the election of Juan Perón . Fraser and Navarro write that at one point the Sociedad had been an enlightened institution , caring for orphans and home... | e3d1d931885bb7e35ef2a66c2c01d820 | 19,503 |
It had been the tradition of the Sociedad to elect the First Lady of Argentina as president of the charity . But the ladies of the Sociedad did not approve of Eva Perón 's impoverished background , lack of formal education , and former career as an actress . Fraser and Navarro write that the ladies of the Sociedad wer... | fb6bff6b46e41760c96b20f7a974fcd1 | 19,504 |
In The Woman with the Whip , the first English language biography of Eva Perón , author Mary Main writes that no account records were kept for the foundation because it was merely a means of funneling government money into private Swiss bank accounts controlled by the Peróns . Fraser and Navarro , however , counter th... | a310496c17b6cb05560fd1819682b3ce | 19,505 |
Within a few years , the foundation had assets in cash and goods in excess of three billion pesos , or over $ 200 million at the exchange rate of the late 1940s . It employed 14 @,@ 000 workers , of whom 6 @,@ 000 were construction workers , and 26 priests . It purchased and distributed annually 400 @,@ 000 pairs of s... | aeb84af5bb057d236d9993c3e55c8f77 | 19,506 |
Fraser and Navarro write that it was Evita 's work with the foundation that played a large role in her idealization , even leading some to consider her a saint . Though it was unnecessary from a practical standpoint , Evita set aside many hours per day to meet with the poor who requested help from her foundation . Dur... | 68260600f2b6247b7373e25f405e431a | 19,507 |
Fraser and Navarro write that toward the end of her life , Evita was working as many as 20 to 22 hours per day in her foundation , often ignoring her husband 's request that she cut back on her workload and take the weekends off . The more she worked with the poor in her foundation , the more she adopted an outraged a... | 45be36ea5cd572bb5d881fb907fe256f | 19,508 |
= = = Female Peronist Party and women 's suffrage = = =
| 3e8d647a51cb475ba5cc77c8fb780812 | 19,510 |
Biographers Fraser and Navarro wrote that Eva Perón has often been credited with gaining the right to vote for Argentine women . While Eva did make radio addresses in support of women 's suffrage and also published articles in her Democracia newspaper asking male Peronists to support women 's right to vote , ultimatel... | db77655c7a7389f9abb575054bdf9ee2 | 19,512 |
A new women 's suffrage bill was introduced , which the Senate of Argentina sanctioned on 21 August 1946 . It was necessary to wait more than a year before the House of Representatives sanctioned it on 9 September 1947 . Law 13 @,@ 010 established the equality of political rights between men and women and universal su... | 8870d96fe39363a563e72ebe3deeb8a2 | 19,513 |
Eva Perón then created the Female Peronist Party , the first large female political party in the nation . Navarro and Fraser write that by 1951 , the party had 500 @,@ 000 members and 3 @,@ 600 headquarters across the country . Navarro and Fraser write that while Eva Perón did not consider herself a feminist , her imp... | 353be338f6cc1bc8d43648e6e193a006 | 19,514 |
= = 1951 Presidential election = =
| 740762a0038042dd03bfa841d412e776 | 19,516 |
= = = Vice Presidential nomination = = =
| 36686f93aeea4fe1841b12ec497593e3 | 19,519 |
In 1951 , Evita set her sights on earning a place on the ballot as candidate for vice @-@ president . This move angered many military leaders who despised Evita and her increasing powers within the government . According to the Argentine Constitution , the Vice President automatically succeeds the President in the eve... | 1f045eb076cfab5a4a9eef23287bcd98 | 19,521 |
She did , however , receive great support from the working class , the unions , and the Peronist Women 's Party . The intensity of the support she drew from these groups is said to have surprised even Juan Perón himself . Fraser and Navarro write that the wide support Evita 's proposed candidacy generated indicated to... | c608573c083111385842239d6aa42764 | 19,522 |
On 22 August 1951 , the unions held a mass rally of two million people called " Cabildo Abierto . " ( The name " Cabildo Abierto " was a reference and tribute to the first local Argentine government of the May Revolution , in 1810 . ) The Peróns addressed the crowd from the balcony of a huge scaffolding set up on the ... | 8024ab10f73f4c95598481a78f611131 | 19,523 |
At the mass rally , the crowd demanded that Evita publicly announce her candidacy as vice president . She pleaded for more time to make her decision . The exchange between Evita and the crowd of two million became , for a time , a genuine and spontaneous dialogue , with the crowd chanting , " ¡ Evita , Vice @-@ Presid... | 4c6b4ba72674d632383659daaabca9a3 | 19,524 |
= = = Declining health = = =
| fa0f25558e50c724a720bff1a7a90389 | 19,526 |
Eventually , she declined the invitation to run for vice @-@ president , saying that her only ambition was that — in the large chapter of history that would be written about her husband — the footnotes would mention a woman who brought the " ... hopes and dreams of the people to the president " , a woman who eventuall... | 36fc5a22fc6100b4cacf77a9d58ac6cc | 19,528 |
On 9 January 1950 , Evita fainted in public and underwent surgery three days later . Although it was reported that she had undergone an appendectomy , she was diagnosed with advanced cervical cancer . Fainting continued through 1951 ( including the evening after " Cabildo abierto " ) , with extreme weakness and severe... | 556fe85386302dcfb16efdd143a62a48 | 19,529 |
= = = Re @-@ election and Spiritual Leader of the Nation = = =
| 14135c98321b13c156a5bc0f5502a071 | 19,531 |
On 4 June 1952 , Evita rode with Juan Perón in a parade through Buenos Aires in celebration of his re @-@ election as President of Argentina . Evita was by this point so ill that she was unable to stand without support . Underneath her oversized fur coat was a frame made of plaster and wire that allowed her to stand .... | da3d1036620b97f21740f705ff8d1893 | 19,533 |
In a ceremony a few days after Juan Perón 's second inauguration , Evita was given the official title of " Spiritual Leader of the Nation . "
| 3b2a978366d611c743cde674fad3a078 | 19,534 |
= = Death and aftermath = =
| 361993747979fb305bba288594e20bb9 | 19,536 |
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